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Patrick MB, Preveza NJ, Kincaid SE, Setenet G, Abraham JR, Cummings A, Banani S, Ray WK, Helm RF, Trask S, Jarome TJ. Dysregulation of baseline and learning-dependent protein degradation in the aged hippocampus. Brain Res Bull 2024; 215:111015. [PMID: 38879089 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) controls the majority of protein degradation in cells and dysregulation of the UPS has been implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Further, strong evidence supports a critical role for the UPS in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. However, while proteasome function is known to decrease broadly in the brain across the lifespan, whether it changes in the hippocampus, a region critical for memory storage and among the first impacted in Alzheimer's disease, at rest and following learning in the aged brain remains unknown. Further, which proteins have altered targeting for protein degradation in the aged hippocampus has yet to be explored and whether learning in advanced age interacts with changes in ubiquitin-proteasome function across the lifespan remains unknown. Here, using proteasome activity assays and unbiased proteomic analyses, we report age-dependent changes in proteasome activity and degradation-specific K48 polyubiquitin protein targeting in the hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex of male and female rats across the lifespan. In the hippocampus, the targets of altered protein degradation were involved in transcription and astrocyte structure or G-protein and Interferon signaling in males and females, respectively. Importantly, we found that contextual fear conditioning led to an increase in proteasome activity and K48 polyubiquitin protein targeting in the hippocampus of aged male rats, a result in direct contrast to what was previously reported in young adult animals. Together, these data suggest that changes in protein degradation in the hippocampus across the lifespan may be contributing to age-related memory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan B Patrick
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Natalie J Preveza
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shannon E Kincaid
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Gueladouan Setenet
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Abraham
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Adam Cummings
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shifa Banani
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - W Keith Ray
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Richard F Helm
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sydney Trask
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Timothy J Jarome
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Meur S, Karati D. Fyn Kinase in Alzheimer's Disease: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04286-2. [PMID: 38890236 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates and neuronal damage in the brain, leads to a gradual decline in cognitive function and memory. As a complex neurodegenerative disorder, it involves disruptions in various biochemical pathways and neurotransmitter systems, contributing to the progressive loss of neurons and synaptic connections. The complexity of Alzheimer's signaling pathways complicates treatment, presenting a formidable challenge in the quest for effective therapeutic interventions. A member of the Src family of kinases (SFKs), Fyn, is a type of non-receptor tyrosine kinase that has been linked to multiple essential CNS processes, such as myelination and synaptic transmission. Fyn is an appealing target for AD treatments because it is uniquely linked to the two major pathologies in AD by its interaction with tau, in addition to being activated by amyloid-beta (Aβ) through PrPC. Fyn mediates neurotoxicity and synaptic impairments caused by Aβ and is involved in regulating the process of Aβ synthesis.Additionally, the tau protein's tyrosine phosphorylation is induced by Fyn. Fyn is also a challenging target because of its widespread body expression and strong homology with other kinases of the Src family, which could cause unintentional off-target effects. This review emphasizes signaling pathways mediated by Fyn that govern neuronal development and plasticity while also summarizing the most noteworthy recent research relevant to Fyn kinase's function in the brain. Additionally, the therapeutic inhibition of Fyn kinase has been discussed, with a focus on the Fyn kinase inhibitors that are in clinical trials, which presents a fascinating opportunity for targeting Fyn kinase in the creation of possible therapeutic approaches for the management of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasi Meur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Techno India University, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipanjan Karati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Techno India University, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.
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Amrein Almira A, Chen MW, El Demerdash N, Javdan C, Park D, Lee JK, Martin LJ. Proteasome localization and activity in pig brain and in vivo small molecule screening for activators. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1353542. [PMID: 38469354 PMCID: PMC10925635 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1353542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Loss of proteasome function, proteinopathy, and proteotoxicity may cause neurodegeneration across the human lifespan in several forms of brain injury and disease. Drugs that activate brain proteasomes in vivo could thus have a broad therapeutic impact in neurology. Methods Using pigs, a clinically relevant large animal with a functionally compartmental gyrencephalic cerebral cortex, we evaluated the localization and biochemical activity of brain proteasomes and tested the ability of small molecules to activate brain proteasomes. Results By Western blotting, proteasome protein subunit PSMB5 and PSMA3 levels were similar in different pig brain regions. Immunohistochemistry for PSMB5 showed localization in the cytoplasm (diffuse and particulate) and nucleus (cytoplasm < nucleus). Some PSMB5 immunoreactivity was colocalized with mitochondrial (voltage-gated anion channel and cyclophilin D) and cell death (Aven) proteins in the neuronal soma and neuropil in the neocortex of pig and human brains. In the nucleus, PSMB5 immunoreactivity was diffuse, particulate, and clustered, including perinucleolar decorations. By fluorogenic assay, proteasome chymotrypsin-like activities (CTL) in crude tissue soluble fractions were generally similar within eight different pig brain regions. Proteasome CTL activity in the hippocampus was correlated with activity in nasal mucosa biopsies. In pilot analyses of subcellular fractions of pig cerebral cortex, proteasome CTL activity was highest in the cytosol and then ~50% lower in nuclear fractions; ~15-20% of total CTL activity was in pure mitochondrial fractions. With in-gel activity assay, 26S-singly and -doubly capped proteasomes were the dominant forms in the pig cerebral cortex. With a novel in situ histochemical activity assay, MG132-inhibitable proteasome CTL activity was localized to the neuropil, as a mosaic, and to cell bodies, nuclei, and centrosome-like perinuclear satellites. In piglets treated intravenously with pyrazolone derivative and chlorpromazine over 24 h, brain proteasome CTL activity was modestly increased. Discussion This study shows that the proteasome in the pig brain has relative regional uniformity, prominent nuclear and perinuclear presence with catalytic activity, a mitochondrial association with activity, 26S-single cap dominance, and indications from small molecule systemic administration of pyrazolone derivative and chlorpromazine that brain proteasome function appears safely activable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Amrein Almira
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - May W. Chen
- Departments of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nagat El Demerdash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cameron Javdan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dongseok Park
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer K. Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lee J. Martin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Pathobiology Graduate Training Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Monsalvo-Maraver LA, Ovalle-Noguez EA, Nava-Osorio J, Maya-López M, Rangel-López E, Túnez I, Tinkov AA, Tizabi Y, Aschner M, Santamaría A. Interactions Between the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System, Nrf2, and the Cannabinoidome as Protective Strategies to Combat Neurodegeneration: Review on Experimental Evidence. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:18. [PMID: 38393521 PMCID: PMC10891226 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00694-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are chronic brain diseases that affect humans worldwide. Although many different factors are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders, alterations in several key elements such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, and the endocannabinoid system (ECS or endocannabinoidome) have been implicated in their etiology. Impairment of these elements has been linked to the origin and progression of neurodegenerative disorders, while their potentiation is thought to promote neuronal survival and overall neuroprotection, as proved with several experimental models. These key neuroprotective pathways can interact and indirectly activate each other. In this review, we summarize the neuroprotective potential of the UPS, ECS, and Nrf2 signaling, both separately and combined, pinpointing their role as a potential therapeutic approach against several hallmarks of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Angel Monsalvo-Maraver
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Enid A Ovalle-Noguez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jade Nava-Osorio
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marisol Maya-López
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Rangel-López
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isaac Túnez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Maimonides de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Red Española de Excelencia en Estimulación Cerebral (REDESTIM), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Abel Santamaría
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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5
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Türker F, Brennan A, Margolis SS. Neuronal membrane proteasome-derived peptides modulate NMDAR-dependent neuronal signaling to promote changes in gene expression. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar6. [PMID: 37910253 PMCID: PMC10881162 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-06-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuronal membrane proteasome (NMP) degrades intracellular proteins into peptides that are released directly into the extracellular space, whereby they stimulate neurons to promote signaling mechanisms that remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that neuronal stimulation promotes NMP activity and, subsequently, enhanced production of NMP peptides. We show that these neuronal activity-dependent NMP peptides can rapidly promote N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent calcium influx in neurons. This leads to sustained phosphorylation of the well-defined stimulus-induced transcription factor, cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB). Downstream of these events, we identified changes to neuronal target genes which included increased expression of immediate early genes (e.g., Fos, Npas4, Egr4) and other genes known to have critical neuroregulatory roles. Further observations led to the discovery that NMP peptide-induced changes in gene expression is dependent on NMDARs and independent of AMPA receptors or voltage-gated sodium channels. These data demonstrate that NMP peptides are endogenous and selective activators of NMDA receptors and act as sufficient and novel stimuli within the context of neuronal activity-dependent signaling. This novel pathway is parallel to classic neuronal activity-dependent programs and points to NMP and its resulting peptides as potential modulators of neuronal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Türker
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Anna Brennan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Seth S. Margolis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
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6
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Patrick MB, Omar N, Werner CT, Mitra S, Jarome TJ. The ubiquitin-proteasome system and learning-dependent synaptic plasticity - A 10 year update. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105280. [PMID: 37315660 PMCID: PMC11323321 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over 25 years ago, a seminal paper demonstrated that the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) was involved in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Interest in this topic began to expand around 2008 following another seminal paper showing that UPS-mediated protein degradation controlled the "destabilization" of memories following retrieval, though we remained with only a basic understanding of how the UPS regulated activity- and learning-dependent synaptic plasticity. However, over the last 10 years there has been an explosion of papers on this topic that has significantly changed our understanding of how ubiquitin-proteasome signaling regulates synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Importantly, we now know that the UPS controls much more than protein degradation, is involved in plasticity underlying drugs of abuse and that there are significant sex differences in how ubiquitin-proteasome signaling is used for memory storage processes. Here, we aim to provide a critical 10-year update on the role of ubiquitin-proteasome signaling in synaptic plasticity and memory formation, including updated cellular models of how ubiquitin-proteasome activity could be regulating learning-dependent synaptic plasticity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan B Patrick
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Nour Omar
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Craig T Werner
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA; National Center for Wellness and Recovery, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
| | - Swarup Mitra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA.
| | - Timothy J Jarome
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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7
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Türker F, Margolis SS. Proteasome cap particle regulates synapses. Science 2023; 380:795-796. [PMID: 37228187 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Deubiquitylation by free 19S proteasome cap particle modulates synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Türker
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seth S Margolis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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8
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Sun C, Desch K, Nassim-Assir B, Giandomenico SL, Nemcova P, Langer JD, Schuman EM. An abundance of free regulatory (19 S) proteasome particles regulates neuronal synapses. Science 2023; 380:eadf2018. [PMID: 37228199 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The proteasome, the major protein-degradation machine in cells, regulates neuronal synapses and long-term information storage. Here, using super-resolution microscopy, we found that the two essential subcomplexes of the proteasome, the regulatory (19S) and catalytic (20S) particles, are differentially distributed within individual rat cortical neurons. We discovered an unexpected abundance of free 19S particles near synapses. The free neuronal 19S particles bind and deubiquitylate lysine 63-ubiquitin (Lys63-ub), a non-proteasome-targeting ubiquitin linkage. Pull-down assays revealed a significant overrepresentation of synaptic molecules as Lys63-ub interactors. Inhibition of the 19S deubiquitylase activity significantly altered excitatory synaptic transmission and reduced the synaptic availability of AMPA receptors at multiple trafficking points in a proteasome-independent manner. Together, these results reveal a moonlighting function of the regulatory proteasomal subcomplex near synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kristina Desch
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Paulina Nemcova
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julian D Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erin M Schuman
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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9
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Türker F, Bharadwaj RA, Kleinman JE, Weinberger DR, Hyde TM, White CJ, Williams DW, Margolis SS. Orthogonal approaches required to measure proteasome composition and activity in mammalian brain tissue. J Biol Chem 2023:104811. [PMID: 37172721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasomes are large macromolecular complexes with multiple distinct catalytic activities that are each vital to human brain health and disease. Despite their importance, standardized approaches to investigate proteasomes have not been universally adapted. Here, we describe pitfalls and define straightforward orthogonal biochemical approaches essential to measure and understand changes in proteasome composition and activity in the mammalian central nervous system. Through our experimentation in the mammalian brain, we determined an abundance of catalytically active proteasomes exist with and without a 19S cap(s), the regulatory particle essential for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Moreover, we learned that in-cell measurements using activity-based probes (ABPs) are more sensitive in determining the available activity of the 20S proteasome without the 19S cap and in measuring individual catalytic subunit activities of each β subunit within all neuronal proteasomes. Subsequently, applying these tools to human brain samples, we were surprised to find that post-mortem tissue retained little to no 19S-capped proteasome, regardless of age, sex, or disease state. Comparing brain tissues (parahippocampal gyrus) from human Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and unaffected subjects, available 20S proteasome activity was significantly elevated in severe cases of AD, an observation not previously noted. Taken together, our study establishes standardized approaches for comprehensive investigation of proteasomes in mammalian brain tissue, and we reveal new insight into brain proteasome biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Türker
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rahul A Bharadwaj
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joel E Kleinman
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Daniel R Weinberger
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Thomas M Hyde
- The Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cory J White
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dionna W Williams
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Seth S Margolis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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10
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Maltsev A, Funikov S, Rezvykh A, Teterina E, Nebogatikov V, Burov A, Bal N, Ustyugov A, Karpov V, Morozov A. Chronic Administration of Non-Constitutive Proteasome Inhibitor Modulates Long-Term Potentiation and Glutamate Signaling-Related Gene Expression in Murine Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098172. [PMID: 37175876 PMCID: PMC10179285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasomes degrade most intracellular proteins. Several different forms of proteasomes are known. Little is known about the role of specific proteasome forms in the central nervous system (CNS). Inhibitors targeting different proteasome forms are used in clinical practice and were shown to modulate long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices of untreated animals. Here, to address the role of non-constitutive proteasomes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and reveal the consequences of their continuous inhibition, we studied the effect of chronic administration of the non-constitutive proteasome inhibitor ONX-0914 on the LTP induced by two different protocols: tetanic stimulation and theta-burst stimulation (TBS). Both the tetanus- and TBS-evoked potentiation contribute to the different forms of hippocampal-dependent memory and learning. Field-excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in hippocampal slices from control animals and animals treated with DMSO or ONX-0914 were compared. LTP induced by the TBS was not affected by ONX-0914 administration; however, chronic injections of ONX-0914 led to a decrease in fEPSP slopes after tetanic stimulation. The observed effects correlated with differential expression of genes involved in synaptic plasticity, glutaminergic synapse, and synaptic signaling. Obtained results indicate that non-constitutive proteasomes are likely involved in the tetanus-evoked LTP, but not the LTP occurring after TBS, supporting the relevance and complexity of the role of specific proteasomes in synaptic plasticity, memory, and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Maltsev
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova 5A, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Funikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Rezvykh
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Teterina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severny Proezd, 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Vladimir Nebogatikov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severny Proezd, 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Alexander Burov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Bal
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova 5A, 117485 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey Ustyugov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severny Proezd, 1, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Vadim Karpov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Morozov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Davidson K, Pickering AM. The proteasome: A key modulator of nervous system function, brain aging, and neurodegenerative disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1124907. [PMID: 37123415 PMCID: PMC10133520 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1124907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is a large multi-subunit protease responsible for the degradation and removal of oxidized, misfolded, and polyubiquitinated proteins. The proteasome plays critical roles in nervous system processes. This includes maintenance of cellular homeostasis in neurons. It also includes roles in long-term potentiation via modulation of CREB signaling. The proteasome also possesses roles in promoting dendritic spine growth driven by proteasome localization to the dendritic spines in an NMDA/CaMKIIα dependent manner. Proteasome inhibition experiments in varied organisms has been shown to impact memory, consolidation, recollection and extinction. The proteasome has been further shown to impact circadian rhythm through modulation of a range of 'clock' genes, and glial function. Proteasome function is impaired as a consequence both of aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Many studies have demonstrated an impairment in 26S proteasome function in the brain and other tissues as a consequence of age, driven by a disassembly of 26S proteasome in favor of 20S proteasome. Some studies also show proteasome augmentation to correct age-related deficits. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's disease proteasome function is impaired through distinct mechanisms with impacts on disease susceptibility and progression. Age and neurodegenerative-related deficits in the function of the constitutive proteasome are often also accompanied by an increase in an alternative form of proteasome called the immunoproteasome. This article discusses the critical role of the proteasome in the nervous system. We then describe how proteasome dysfunction contributes to brain aging and neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanisa Davidson
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Andrew M. Pickering
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics (CNET), Department of Neurology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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12
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Wang Y, Lin J, Li J, Yan L, Li W, He X, Ma H. Chronic Neuronal Inactivity Utilizes the mTOR-TFEB Pathway to Drive Transcription-Dependent Autophagy for Homeostatic Up-Scaling. J Neurosci 2023; 43:2631-2652. [PMID: 36868861 PMCID: PMC10089247 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0146-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent changes in protein expression are critical for neuronal plasticity, a fundamental process for the processing and storage of information in the brain. Among the various forms of plasticity, homeostatic synaptic up-scaling is unique in that it is induced primarily by neuronal inactivity. However, precisely how the turnover of synaptic proteins occurs in this homeostatic process remains unclear. Here, we report that chronically inhibiting neuronal activity in primary cortical neurons prepared from embryonic day (E)18 Sprague Dawley rats (both sexes) induces autophagy, thereby regulating key synaptic proteins for up-scaling. Mechanistically, chronic neuronal inactivity causes dephosphorylation of ERK and mTOR, which induces transcription factor EB (TFEB)-mediated cytonuclear signaling and drives transcription-dependent autophagy to regulate αCaMKII and PSD95 during synaptic up-scaling. Together, these findings suggest that mTOR-dependent autophagy, which is often triggered by metabolic stressors such as starvation, is recruited and sustained during neuronal inactivity to maintain synaptic homeostasis, a process that ensures proper brain function and if impaired can cause neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In the mammalian brain, protein turnover is tightly controlled by neuronal activation to ensure key neuronal functions during long-lasting synaptic plasticity. However, a long-standing question is how this process occurs during synaptic up-scaling, a process that requires protein turnover but is induced by neuronal inactivation. Here, we report that mTOR-dependent signaling, which is often triggered by metabolic stressors such as starvation, is "hijacked" by chronic neuronal inactivation, which then serves as a nucleation point for transcription factor EB (TFEB) cytonuclear signaling that drives transcription-dependent autophagy for up-scaling. These results provide the first evidence of a physiological role of mTOR-dependent autophagy in enduing neuronal plasticity, thereby connecting major themes in cell biology and neuroscience via a servo loop that mediates autoregulation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Health Commission of the PRC (NHC) and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingran Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Health Commission of the PRC (NHC) and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Health Commission of the PRC (NHC) and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lu Yan
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Health Commission of the PRC (NHC) and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Health Commission of the PRC (NHC) and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingzhi He
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Health Commission of the PRC (NHC) and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- National Health Commission of the PRC (NHC) and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Research Units for Emotion and Emotion disorders, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
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13
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McFadden T, Farrell K, Martin K, Musaus M, Jarome TJ. Short-term exposure to an obesogenic diet causes dynamic dysregulation of proteasome-mediated protein degradation in the hypothalamus of female rats. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:290-302. [PMID: 35282800 PMCID: PMC9468187 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2046965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous work has shown that exposure to a high fat diet dysregulates the protein degradation process in the hypothalamus of male rodents. However, whether this occurs in a sex-independent manner is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a short-term obesogenic diet on the ubiquitin-proteasome mediated protein degradation process in the hypothalamus of female rats. METHODS We fed young adult female rats a high fat diet or standard rat chow for 7 weeks. At the end of the 7th week, animals were euthanized and hypothalamus nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions were collected. Proteasome activity and degradation-specific (K48) ubiquitin signaling were assessed. Additionally, we transfected female rats with CRISPR-dCas9-VP64 plasmids in the hypothalamus prior to exposure to the high fat diet in order to increase proteasome activity and determine the role of reduced proteasome function on weight gain from the obesogenic diet. RESULTS We found that across the diet period, females gained weight significantly faster on the high fat diet than controls and showed dynamic downregulation of proteasome activity, decreases in proteasome subunit expression and an accumulation of degradation-specific K48 polyubiquitinated proteins in the hypothalamus. Notably, while our CRISPR-dCas9 manipulation was able to selectively increase some forms of proteasome activity, it was unable to prevent diet-induced proteasome downregulation or abnormal weight gain. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results reveal that acute exposure to an obesogenic diet causes reductions in the protein degradation process in the hypothalamus of females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor McFadden
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kayla Farrell
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kiley Martin
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Madeline Musaus
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Timothy J. Jarome
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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14
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Diab AM, Wigerius M, Quinn DP, Qi J, Shahin I, Paffile J, Krueger K, Karten B, Krueger SR, Fawcett JP. NCK1 Modulates Neuronal Actin Dynamics and Promotes Dendritic Spine, Synapse, and Memory Formation. J Neurosci 2023; 43:885-901. [PMID: 36535770 PMCID: PMC9908320 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0495-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory formation and maintenance is a dynamic process involving the modulation of the actin cytoskeleton at synapses. Understanding the signaling pathways that contribute to actin modulation is important for our understanding of synapse formation and function, as well as learning and memory. Here, we focused on the importance of the actin regulator, noncatalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1), in hippocampal dependent behaviors and development. We report that male mice lacking NCK1 have impairments in both short-term and working memory, as well as spatial learning. Additionally, we report sex differences in memory impairment showing that female mice deficient in NCK1 fail at reversal learning in a spatial learning task. We find that NCK1 is expressed in postmitotic neurons but is dispensable for neuronal proliferation and migration in the developing hippocampus. Morphologically, NCK1 is not necessary for overall neuronal dendrite development. However, neurons lacking NCK1 have lower dendritic spine and synapse densities in vitro and in vivo EM analysis reveal increased postsynaptic density (PSD) thickness in the hippocampal CA1 region of NCK1-deficient mice. Mechanistically, we find the turnover of actin-filaments in dendritic spines is accelerated in neurons that lack NCK1. Together, these findings suggest that NCK1 contributes to hippocampal-dependent memory by stabilizing actin dynamics and dendritic spine formation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Understanding the molecular signaling pathways that contribute to memory formation, maintenance, and elimination will lead to a better understanding of the genetic influences on cognition and cognitive disorders and will direct future therapeutics. Here, we report that the noncatalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1) adaptor protein modulates actin-filament turnover in hippocampal dendritic spines. Mice lacking NCK1 show sex-dependent deficits in hippocampal memory formation tasks, have altered postsynaptic densities, and reduced synaptic density. Together, our work implicates NCK1 in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics and normal synapse development which is essential for memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios M Diab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Michael Wigerius
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Dylan P Quinn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Jiansong Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Julia Paffile
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Kavita Krueger
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Barbara Karten
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Stefan R Krueger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - James P Fawcett
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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15
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Yuan R, Hahn Y, Stempel MH, Sidibe DK, Laxton O, Chen J, Kulkarni A, Maday S. Proteasomal inhibition preferentially stimulates lysosome activity relative to autophagic flux in primary astrocytes. Autophagy 2023; 19:570-596. [PMID: 35722992 PMCID: PMC9851260 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2084884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons and astrocytes face unique demands on their proteome to enable proper function and survival of the nervous system. Consequently, both cell types are critically dependent on robust quality control pathways such as macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). We previously reported that autophagy is differentially regulated in astrocytes and neurons in the context of metabolic stress, but less is understood in the context of proteotoxic stress induced by inhibition of the UPS. Dysfunction of the proteasome or autophagy has been linked to the progression of various neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, in this study, we explored the connection between autophagy and the proteasome in primary astrocytes and neurons. Prior studies largely in non-neural models report a compensatory relationship whereby inhibition of the UPS stimulates autophagy. To our surprise, inhibition of the proteasome did not robustly upregulate autophagy in astrocytes or neurons. In fact, the effects on autophagy are modest particularly in comparison to paradigms of metabolic stress. Rather, we find that UPS inhibition in astrocytes induces formation of Ub-positive aggregates that harbor the selective autophagy receptor, SQSTM1/p62, but these structures were not productive substrates for autophagy. By contrast, we observed a significant increase in lysosomal degradation in astrocytes in response to UPS inhibition, but this stimulation was not sufficient to reduce total SQSTM1 levels. Last, UPS inhibition was more toxic in neurons compared to astrocytes, suggesting a cell type-specific vulnerability to proteotoxic stress.Abbreviations: Baf A1: bafilomycin A1; CQ: chloroquine; Epox: epoxomicin; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; p-ULK1: phospho-ULK1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; Ub: ubiquitin; ULK1: unc-51 like kinase 1; UPS: ubiquitin-proteasome system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Yuan
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Younghee Hahn
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Max H. Stempel
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David K. Sidibe
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Olivia Laxton
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aditi Kulkarni
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sandra Maday
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Lapresa R, Agulla J, Bolaños JP, Almeida A. APC/C-Cdh1-targeted substrates as potential therapies for Alzheimer's disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1086540. [PMID: 36588673 PMCID: PMC9794583 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1086540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and the main cause of dementia in the elderly. The disease has a high impact on individuals and their families and represents a growing public health and socio-economic burden. Despite this, there is no effective treatment options to cure or modify the disease progression, highlighting the need to identify new therapeutic targets. Synapse dysfunction and loss are early pathological features of Alzheimer's disease, correlate with cognitive decline and proceed with neuronal death. In the last years, the E3 ubiquitin ligase anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) has emerged as a key regulator of synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival. To this end, the ligase binds Cdh1, its main activator in the brain. However, inactivation of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome-Cdh1 complex triggers dendrite disruption, synapse loss and neurodegeneration, leading to memory and learning impairment. Interestingly, oligomerized amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, which is involved in Alzheimer's disease onset and progression, induces Cdh1 phosphorylation leading to anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome-Cdh1 complex disassembly and inactivation. This causes the aberrant accumulation of several anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome-Cdh1 targets in the damaged areas of Alzheimer's disease brains, including Rock2 and Cyclin B1. Here we review the function of anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome-Cdh1 dysregulation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, paying particular attention in the neurotoxicity induced by its molecular targets. Understanding the role of anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome-Cdh1-targeted substrates in Alzheimer's disease may be useful in the development of new effective disease-modifying treatments for this neurological disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Lapresa
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, CSIC, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, CSIC, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesus Agulla
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, CSIC, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, CSIC, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan P. Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, CSIC, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, CSIC, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Angeles Almeida
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics, CSIC, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, CSIC, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain,*Correspondence: Angeles Almeida,
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17
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Cohen LD, Ziv T, Ziv NE. Synapse integrity and function: Dependence on protein synthesis and identification of potential failure points. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1038614. [PMID: 36583084 PMCID: PMC9792512 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1038614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic integrity and function depend on myriad proteins - labile molecules with finite lifetimes that need to be continually replaced with freshly synthesized copies. Here we describe experiments designed to expose synaptic (and neuronal) properties and functions that are particularly sensitive to disruptions in protein supply, identify proteins lost early upon such disruptions, and uncover potential, yet currently underappreciated failure points. We report here that acute suppressions of protein synthesis are followed within hours by reductions in spontaneous network activity levels, impaired oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial function, and, importantly, destabilization and loss of both excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic specializations. Conversely, gross impairments in presynaptic vesicle recycling occur over longer time scales (days), as does overt cell death. Proteomic analysis identified groups of potentially essential 'early-lost' proteins including regulators of synapse stability, proteins related to bioenergetics, fatty acid and lipid metabolism, and, unexpectedly, numerous proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease pathology and amyloid beta processing. Collectively, these findings point to neuronal excitability, energy supply and synaptic stability as early-occurring failure points under conditions of compromised supply of newly synthesized protein copies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie D. Cohen
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Institute and Network Biology Research Laboratories, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamar Ziv
- Smoler Proteomics Center, Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences & Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noam E. Ziv
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Institute and Network Biology Research Laboratories, Haifa, Israel,*Correspondence: Noam E. Ziv,
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18
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Sun C, Schuman EM. Logistics of neuronal protein turnover: Numbers and mechanisms. Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 123:103793. [PMID: 36396040 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in the past twenty years or so has revealed that neurons synthesize and degrade proteins at their synapses to enable synaptic proteome remodelling on demand and in real-time. Here we provide a quantitative overview of the decentralized neuronal protein-turnover logistics. We first analyse the huge neuronal protein turnover demand that arises from subcellular compartments outside the cell body, followed by an overview of key quantities and modulation strategies in neuronal protein turnover logistics. In the end, we briefly review recent progress in neuronal local protein synthesis and summarize diverse protein-degradation mechanisms that are found near synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erin M Schuman
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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19
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Beamish SB, Gross KS, Anderson MM, Helmstetter FJ, Frick KM. Sex differences in training-induced activity of the ubiquitin proteasome system in the dorsal hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex of male and female mice. Learn Mem 2022; 29:302-311. [PMID: 36206392 PMCID: PMC9488027 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053492.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a primary mechanism through which proteins are degraded in cells. UPS activity in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) is necessary for multiple types of memory, including object memory, in male rodents. However, sex differences in DH UPS activation after fear conditioning suggest that other forms of learning may also differentially regulate DH UPS activity in males and females. Here, we examined markers of UPS activity in the synaptic and cytoplasmic fractions of DH and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) tissue collected 1 h following object training. In males, training increased phosphorylation of proteasomal subunit Rpt6, 20S proteasome activity, and the amount of PSD-95 in the DH synaptic fraction, as well as proteasome activity in the mPFC synaptic fraction. In females, training did not affect measures of UPS or synaptic activity in the DH synaptic fraction or in either mPFC fraction but increased Rpt6 phosphorylation in the DH cytoplasmic fraction. Overall, training-induced UPS activity was greater in males than in females, greater in the DH than in the mPFC, and greater in synaptic fractions than in cytosol. These data suggest that object training drives sex-specific alterations in UPS activity across brain regions and subcellular compartments important for memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Beamish
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
| | - Kellie S Gross
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
| | - McKenna M Anderson
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
| | - Fred J Helmstetter
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
| | - Karyn M Frick
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
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20
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Kuijpers M. Keeping synapses in shape: degradation pathways in the healthy and aging brain. Neuronal Signal 2022; 6:NS20210063. [PMID: 35813265 PMCID: PMC9208270 DOI: 10.1042/ns20210063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapses maintain their molecular composition, plasticity and function through the concerted action of protein synthesis and removal. The complex and polarized neuronal architecture poses specific challenges to the logistics of protein and organelle turnover since protein synthesis and degradation mainly happen in the cell soma. In addition, post-mitotic neurons accumulate damage over a lifetime, challenging neuronal degradative pathways and making them particularly susceptible to the effects of aging. This review will summarize the current knowledge on neuronal protein turnover mechanisms with a particular focus on the presynapse, including the proteasome, autophagy and the endolysosomal route and their roles in regulating presynaptic proteostasis and function. In addition, the author will discuss how physiological brain aging, which entails a progressive decline in cognitive functions, affects synapses and the degradative machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijn Kuijpers
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour and Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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21
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Krishna-K K, Behnisch T, Sajikumar S. Modulation of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Restores Plasticity in Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons of the APP/PS1 Alzheimer’s Disease-Like Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1611-1616. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by memory and cognitive deficits that in part are related to a diminished ability to activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. In AD, an attenuated long-term potentiation has been correlated with a deficit of synaptic plasticity-relevant proteins and protein turnover. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) critically regulates the protein turnover and contributes to dynamic changes of the protein milieu within synapses. In AD, UPS aberration has been implicated in inadequate proteostasis and synaptic malfunction. However, here we show that the inhibition of proteasome-mediated protein degradation by MG132 or lactacystin restored an impaired activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in an AD-like mouse model. In this whole-cell voltage-clamp study, we provided evidence that an amelioration of long-term plasticity by modulating UPS activity in pyramidal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Krishna-K
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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22
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Beamish SB, Frick KM. A Putative Role for Ubiquitin-Proteasome Signaling in Estrogenic Memory Regulation. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 15:807215. [PMID: 35145382 PMCID: PMC8821141 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.807215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex steroid hormones such as 17β-estradiol (E2) are critical neuromodulators of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and hippocampus-dependent memory in both males and females. However, the mechanisms through which E2 regulates memory formation in both sexes remain unclear. Research to date suggests that E2 regulates hippocampus-dependent memory by activating numerous cell-signaling cascades to promote the synthesis of proteins that support structural changes at hippocampal synapses. However, this work has largely overlooked the equally important contributions of protein degradation mediated by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in remodeling the synapse. Despite being critically implicated in synaptic plasticity and successful formation of long-term memories, it remains unclear whether protein degradation mediated by the UPS is necessary for E2 to exert its beneficial effects on hippocampal plasticity and memory formation. The present article provides an overview of the receptor and signaling mechanisms so far identified as critical for regulating hippocampal E2 and UPS function in males and females, with a particular emphasis on the ways in which these mechanisms overlap to support structural integrity and protein composition of hippocampal synapses. We argue that the high degree of correspondence between E2 and UPS activity warrants additional study to examine the contributions of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation in regulating the effects of sex steroid hormones on cognition.
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23
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Srinivasan B, Samaddar S, Mylavarapu SVS, Clement JP, Banerjee S. Homeostatic scaling is driven by a translation-dependent degradation axis that recruits miRISC remodeling. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001432. [PMID: 34813590 PMCID: PMC8610276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic scaling in neurons has been attributed to the individual contribution of either translation or degradation; however, there remains limited insight toward understanding how the interplay between the two processes effectuates synaptic homeostasis. Here, we report that a codependence between protein synthesis and degradation mechanisms drives synaptic homeostasis, whereas abrogation of either prevents it. Coordination between the two processes is achieved through the formation of a tripartite complex between translation regulators, the 26S proteasome, and the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC) components such as Argonaute, MOV10, and Trim32 on actively translating transcripts or polysomes. The components of this ternary complex directly interact with each other in an RNA-dependent manner. Disruption of polysomes abolishes this ternary interaction, suggesting that translating RNAs facilitate the combinatorial action of the proteasome and the translational apparatus. We identify that synaptic downscaling involves miRISC remodeling, which entails the mTORC1-dependent translation of Trim32, an E3 ligase, and the subsequent degradation of its target, MOV10 via the phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase. We find that the E3 ligase Trim32 specifically polyubiquitinates MOV10 for its degradation during synaptic downscaling. MOV10 degradation alone is sufficient to invoke downscaling by enhancing Arc translation through its 3' UTR and causing the subsequent removal of postsynaptic AMPA receptors. Synaptic scaling was occluded when we depleted Trim32 and overexpressed MOV10 in neurons, suggesting that the Trim32-MOV10 axis is necessary for synaptic downscaling. We propose a mechanism that exploits a translation-driven protein degradation paradigm to invoke miRISC remodeling and induce homeostatic scaling during chronic network activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - James P. Clement
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
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24
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Farrell K, Musaus M, Navabpour S, Martin K, Ray WK, Helm RF, Jarome TJ. Proteomic Analysis Reveals Sex-Specific Protein Degradation Targets in the Amygdala During Fear Memory Formation. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:716284. [PMID: 34658783 PMCID: PMC8511838 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.716284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-proteasome mediated protein degradation has been widely implicated in fear memory formation in the amygdala. However, to date, the protein targets of the proteasome remain largely unknown, limiting our understanding of the functional significance for protein degradation in fear memory formation. Additionally, whether similar proteins are targeted by the proteasome between sexes has yet to be explored. Here, we combined a degradation-specific K48 Tandem Ubiquitin Binding Entity (TUBE) with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) to identify the target substrates of the protein degradation process in the amygdala of male and female rats following contextual fear conditioning. We found that males (43) and females (77) differed in the total number of proteins that had significant changes in K48 polyubiquitin targeting in the amygdala following fear conditioning. Many of the identified proteins (106) had significantly reduced levels in the K48-purified samples 1 h after fear conditioning, suggesting active degradation of the substrate due to learning. Interestingly, only 3 proteins overlapped between sexes, suggesting that targets of the protein degradation process may be sex-specific. In females, many proteins with altered abundance in the K48-purified samples were involved in vesicle transport or are associated with microtubules. Conversely, in males, proteins involved in the cytoskeleton, ATP synthesis and cell signaling were found to have significantly altered abundance. Only 1 protein had an opposite directional change in abundance between sexes, LENG1, which was significantly enhanced in males while lower in females. This suggests a more rapid degradation of this protein in females during fear memory formation. Interestingly, GFAP, a critical component of astrocyte structure, was a target of K48 polyubiquitination in both males and females, indicating that protein degradation is likely occurring in astrocytes following fear conditioning. Western blot assays revealed reduced levels of these target substrates following fear conditioning in both sexes, confirming that the K48 polyubiquitin was targeting these proteins for degradation. Collectively, this study provides strong evidence that sex differences exist in the protein targets of the degradation process in the amygdala following fear conditioning and critical information regarding how ubiquitin-proteasome mediated protein degradation may contribute to fear memory formation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Farrell
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Madeline Musaus
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Shaghayegh Navabpour
- Department of Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Kiley Martin
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - W Keith Ray
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Richard F Helm
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Timothy J Jarome
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,Department of Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, United States
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25
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Peng Y, Zhang Q, Cheng H, Yan G, Xing C. Upregulation of ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2B (Ube2b) ameliorates neuropathic pain by regulating Kcna2 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2) in primary afferent neurons. Bioengineered 2021; 12:7470-7480. [PMID: 34632937 PMCID: PMC8806678 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1976895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a kind of pain caused by damage to somatosensory nervous system. Currently, neuropathic pain is still a medical problem for clinicians. Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2B (Ube2b) is validated to be implicated with nerve function, but whether Ube2b can play a role in neuropathic pain is still elusive. In this work, we constructed chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model by ligating the left sciatic nerve, Ube2b protein expression was confirmed to be decreased in spinal cord tissues of CCI rats via Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Moreover, Ube2b elevation alleviated the thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical hyperalgesia in CCI rats according to paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) and paw withdrawal mechanic threshold (PWMT). In addition, Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that Ube2b elevation suppressed chronic sciatic nerve injury. All these data suggested that Ube2b could ameliorate neuropathic pain in CCI rats. Mechanically, Ube2b upregulation elevated the protein level of Kcna2 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2) and decreased the protein level of DNMT3a (DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha). Ube2b elevation could increase Kcna2 expression via suppressing DNMT3a. Rescue assays unveiled that Ube2b overexpression modulated-mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia were reversed by Kcna2 depletion, indicating that Ube2b alleviated neuropathic pain via mediating Kcna2 via the regulation of DNMT3a. In summary, we found that Ube2b elevation ameliorated neuropathic pain through regulating Kcna2, which might offer a novel biomarker for the therapies of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhi Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhen Yan
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Lixia District of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunli Xing
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Lixia District of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China
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26
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Perez JD, Fusco CM, Schuman EM. A Functional Dissection of the mRNA and Locally Synthesized Protein Population in Neuronal Dendrites and Axons. Annu Rev Genet 2021; 55:183-207. [PMID: 34460296 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-030321-054851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are characterized by a complex morphology that enables the generation of subcellular compartments with unique biochemical and biophysical properties, such as dendrites, axons, and synapses. To sustain these different compartments and carry a wide array of elaborate operations, neurons express a diverse repertoire of gene products. Extensive regulation at both the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels allows for the differentiation of subcellular compartments as well as numerous forms of plasticity in response to variable stimuli. Among the multiple mechanisms that control cellular functions, mRNA translation is manipulated by neurons to regulate where and when a protein emerges. Interestingly, transcriptomic and translatomic profiles of both dendrites and axons have revealed that the mRNA population only partially predicts the local protein population and that this relation significantly varies between different gene groups. Here, we describe the space that local translation occupies within the large molecular and regulatory complexity of neurons, in contrast to other modes of regulation. We then discuss the specialized organization of mRNAs within different neuronal compartments, as revealed by profiles of the local transcriptome. Finally, we discuss the features and functional implications of both locally correlated-and anticorrelated-mRNA-protein relations both under baseline conditions and during synaptic plasticity. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 55 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio D Perez
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Claudia M Fusco
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Erin M Schuman
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
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27
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Schmalz JT, Kumar G. A computational model of dopaminergic modulation of hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 long-term plasticity. J Comput Neurosci 2021; 50:51-90. [PMID: 34431067 DOI: 10.1007/s10827-021-00793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine plays a critical role in modulating the long-term synaptic plasticity of the hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 pyramidal neuron synapses (SC-CA1), a widely accepted cellular model of learning and memory. Limited results from hippocampal slice experiments over the last four decades have shown that the timing of the activation of dopamine D1/D5 receptors relative to a high/low-frequency stimulation (HFS/LFS) in SC-CA1 synapses regulates the modulation of HFS/LFS-induced long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD) in these synapses. However, the existing literature lacks a complete picture of how various concentrations of D1/D5 agonists and the relative timing between the activation of D1/D5 receptors and LTP/LTD induction by HFS/LFS, affect the spatiotemporal modulation of SC-CA1 synaptic dynamics. In this paper, we have developed a computational model, a first of its kind, to make quantitative predictions of the temporal dose-dependent modulation of the HFS/LFS induced LTP/LTD in SC-CA1 synapses by various D1/D5 agonists. Our model combines the biochemical effects with the electrical effects at the electrophysiological level. We have estimated the model parameters from the published electrophysiological data, available from diverse hippocampal CA1 slice experiments, in a Bayesian framework. Our modeling results demonstrate the capability of our model in making quantitative predictions of the available experimental results under diverse HFS/LFS protocols. The predictions from our model show a strong nonlinear dependency of the modulated LTP/LTD by D1/D5 agonists on the relative timing between the activated D1/D5 receptors and the HFS/LFS protocol and the applied concentration of D1/D5 agonists.
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28
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Ferreira JS, Kellermayer B, Carvalho AL, Groc L. Interplay between NMDA receptor dynamics and the synaptic proteasome. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:6000-6011. [PMID: 34405467 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome activity at the excitatory synapse plays an important role in neuronal communication. The proteasome translocation to synapses is mediated by neuronal activity, in particular the activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). These receptors are composed of different subunits with distinct trafficking properties that provide various signalling and plasticity features to the synapse. Yet whether the interplay between the proteasome and NMDAR relies on specific subunit properties remain unclear. Using a combination of single molecule and immunocytochemistry imaging approaches in rat hippocampal neurons, we unveil a specific interplay between GluN2B-containing NMDARs (GluN2B-NMDARs) and the synaptic proteasome. Sustained proteasome activation specifically increases GluN2B-NMDAR (not GluN2A-NMDAR) lateral diffusion. In addition, when GluN2B-NMDAR expression is downregulated, the proteasome localization decreases at glutamatergic synapses. Collectively, our data fuel a model in which the cellular dynamics and location of GluN2B-NMDARs and proteasome are intermingled, shedding new lights on the NMDAR-dependent regulation of synaptic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana S Ferreira
- IINS-Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Blanka Kellermayer
- IINS-Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Carvalho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology of Coimbra, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Laurent Groc
- IINS-Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, UMR 5297, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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29
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Novikov DA, Beletsky AP, Kolosov PM. The Putative Role of m6A-RNA Methylation in Memory Consolidation. NEUROCHEM J+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712421020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Bin Ibrahim MZ, Benoy A, Sajikumar S. Long-term plasticity in the hippocampus: maintaining within and 'tagging' between synapses. FEBS J 2021; 289:2176-2201. [PMID: 34109726 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Synapses between neurons are malleable biochemical structures, strengthening and diminishing over time dependent on the type of information they receive. This phenomenon known as synaptic plasticity underlies learning and memory, and its different forms, long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), perform varied cognitive roles in reinforcement, relearning and associating memories. Moreover, both LTP and LTD can exist in an early transient form (early-LTP/LTD) or a late persistent form (late-LTP/LTD), which are triggered by different induction protocols, and also differ in their dependence on protein synthesis and the involvement of key molecular players. Beyond homosynaptic modifications, synapses can also interact with one another. This is encapsulated in the synaptic tagging and capture hypothesis (STC), where synapses expressing early-LTP/LTD present a 'tag' that can capture the protein synthesis products generated during a temporally proximal late-LTP/LTD induction. This 'tagging' phenomenon forms the framework of synaptic interactions in various conditions and accounts for the cellular basis of the time-dependent associativity of short-lasting and long-lasting memories. All these synaptic modifications take place under controlled neuronal conditions, regulated by subcellular elements such as epigenetic regulation, proteasomal degradation and neuromodulatory signals. Here, we review current understanding of the different forms of synaptic plasticity and its regulatory mechanisms in the hippocampus, a brain region critical for memory formation. We also discuss expression of plasticity in hippocampal CA2 area, a long-overlooked narrow hippocampal subfield and the behavioural correlate of STC. Lastly, we put forth perspectives for an integrated view of memory representation in synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zaki Bin Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amrita Benoy
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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31
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Altered Phosphorylation of the Proteasome Subunit Rpt6 Has Minimal Impact on Synaptic Plasticity and Learning. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0073-20.2021. [PMID: 33658307 PMCID: PMC8116113 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0073-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic control of protein degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is thought to play a crucial role in neuronal function and synaptic plasticity. The proteasome subunit Rpt6, an AAA ATPase subunit of the 19S regulatory particle (RP), has emerged as an important site for regulation of 26S proteasome function in neurons. Phosphorylation of Rpt6 on serine 120 (S120) can stimulate the catalytic rate of substrate degradation by the 26S proteasome and this site is targeted by the plasticity-related kinase Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), making it an attractive candidate for regulation of proteasome function in neurons. Several in vitro studies have shown that altered Rpt6 S120 phosphorylation can affect the structure and function of synapses. To evaluate the importance of Rpt6 S120 phosphorylation in vivo, we created two mouse models which feature mutations at S120 that block or mimic phosphorylation at this site. We find that peptidase and ATPase activities are upregulated in the phospho-mimetic mutant and downregulated in the phospho-dead mutant [S120 mutated to aspartic acid (S120D) or alanine (S120A), respectively]. Surprisingly, these mutations had no effect on basal synaptic transmission, long-term potentiation (LTP), and dendritic spine dynamics and density in the hippocampus. Furthermore, these mutants displayed no deficits in cued and contextual fear memory. Thus, in a mouse model that blocks or mimics phosphorylation at this site, either compensatory mechanisms negate these effects, or small variations in proteasome activity are not enough to induce significant changes in synaptic structure, plasticity, or behavior.
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32
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He XK, Liu HH, Chen SJ, Sun QQ, Yu G, Lei L, Niu ZY, Chen LD, Hsieh TH. Subsequent Acupuncture Reverses the Aftereffects of Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:675365. [PMID: 33994957 PMCID: PMC8115810 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.675365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study explored whether acupuncture affects the maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and the acquisition of motor skills following repetitive sequential visual isometric pinch task (SVIPT) training. Methods Thirty-six participants were recruited. The changes in the aftereffects induced by intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) and followed acupuncture were tested by the amplitude motor evoked potential (MEP) at pre-and-post-iTBS for 30 min and at acupuncture-in and -off for 30 min. Secondly, the effects of acupuncture on SVIPT movement in inducing error rate and learning skill index were tested. Results Following one session of iTBS, the MEP amplitude was increased and maintained at a high level for 30 min. The facilitation of MEP was gradually decreased to the baseline level during acupuncture-in and did not return to a high level after needle extraction. The SVIPT-acupuncture group had a lower learning skill index than those in the SVIPT group, indicating that acupuncture intervention after SVIPT training may restrain the acquisition ability of one’s learning skills. Conclusion Acupuncture could reverse the LTP-like plasticity of the contralateral motor cortex induced by iTBS. Subsequent acupuncture may negatively affect the efficacy of the acquisition of learned skills in repetitive exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Kuo He
- Fifth Hospital of XiaMen, Xiamen, China.,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui-Hua Liu
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Qian-Qian Sun
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guo Yu
- Fifth Hospital of XiaMen, Xiamen, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Fifth Hospital of XiaMen, Xiamen, China
| | | | - Li-Dian Chen
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
- School of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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33
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The proteasome and its role in the nervous system. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:903-917. [PMID: 33905676 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proteasomes are multisubunit complexes that catalyze the majority of protein degradation in mammalian cells to maintain protein homeostasis and influence the regulation of most cellular processes. The proteasome, a multicatalytic protease complex, is a ring-like structure with a narrow pore that exhibits regulated gating, enabling the selective degradation of target proteins into peptide fragments. This process of removing proteins is essential for eliminating proteins that are no longer wanted, such as unfolded or aggregated proteins. This is important for preserving cellular function relevant to brain health and disease. Recently, in the nervous system, specialized proteasomes have been shown to generate peptides with important cellular functions. These discoveries challenge the prevailing notion that proteasomes primarily operate to eliminate proteins and identify signaling-competent proteasomes. This review focuses on the structure, function, and regulation of proteasomes and sheds light on emerging areas of investigation regarding the role of proteasomes in the nervous system.
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34
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Ube2b-dependent degradation of DNMT3a relieves a transcriptional brake on opiate-induced synaptic and behavioral plasticity. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1162-1177. [PMID: 31576007 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Compelling evidence suggests that synaptic structural plasticity, driven by remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, underlies addictive drugs-induced long-lasting behavioral plasticity. However, the signaling mechanisms leading to actin cytoskeleton remodeling remain poorly defined. DNA methylation is a critical mechanism used to control activity-dependent gene expression essential for long-lasting synaptic plasticity. Here, we provide evidence that DNA methyltransferase DNMT3a is degraded by the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ube2b-mediated ubiquitination in dorsal hippocampus (DH) of rats that repeatedly self-administrated heroin. DNMT3a degradation leads to demethylation in CaMKK1 gene promotor, thereby facilitating CaMKK1 expression and consequent activation of its downstream target CaMKIα, an essential regulator of spinogenesis. CaMKK1/CaMKIα signaling regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling in the DH and behavioral plasticity by activation of Rac1 via acting Rac guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor βPIX. These data suggest that Ube2b-dependent degradation of DNMT3a relieves a transcriptional brake on CaMKK1 gene and thus activates CaMKK1/CaMKIα/βPIX/Rac1 cascade, leading to drug use-induced actin polymerization and behavior plasticity.
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35
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Molecular Basis of Neuronal Autophagy in Ageing: Insights from Caenorhabditis elegans. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030694. [PMID: 33800981 PMCID: PMC8004021 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation process maintaining cell homeostasis. Induction of autophagy is triggered as a response to a broad range of cellular stress conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, protein aggregation, organelle damage and pathogen invasion. Macroautophagy involves the sequestration of cytoplasmic contents in a double-membrane organelle referred to as the autophagosome with subsequent degradation of its contents upon delivery to lysosomes. Autophagy plays critical roles in development, maintenance and survival of distinct cell populations including neurons. Consequently, age-dependent decline in autophagy predisposes animals for age-related diseases including neurodegeneration and compromises healthspan and longevity. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the role of neuronal autophagy in ageing, focusing on studies in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
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36
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Soykan T, Haucke V, Kuijpers M. Mechanism of synaptic protein turnover and its regulation by neuronal activity. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2021; 69:76-83. [PMID: 33744822 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are long-lived cells with a complex architecture, in which synapses may be located far away from the cell body and are subject to plastic changes, thereby posing special challenges to the systems that maintain and dynamically regulate the synaptic proteome. These mechanisms include neuronal autophagy and the endolysosome pathway, as well as the ubiquitin/proteasome system, which cooperate in the constitutive and regulated turnover of presynaptic and postsynaptic proteins. Here, we summarize the pathways involved in synaptic protein degradation and the mechanisms underlying their regulation, for example, by neuronal activity, with an emphasis on the presynaptic compartment and outline perspectives for future research. Keywords: Synapse, Synaptic vesicle, Autophagy, Endolysosome, Proteasome, Protein turnover, Protein degradation, Endosome, Lysosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Soykan
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marijn Kuijpers
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
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37
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Goult BT. The Mechanical Basis of Memory - the MeshCODE Theory. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:592951. [PMID: 33716664 PMCID: PMC7947202 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.592951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major unsolved mysteries of biological science concerns the question of where and in what form information is stored in the brain. I propose that memory is stored in the brain in a mechanically encoded binary format written into the conformations of proteins found in the cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesions that organise each and every synapse. The MeshCODE framework outlined here represents a unifying theory of data storage in animals, providing read-write storage of both dynamic and persistent information in a binary format. Mechanosensitive proteins that contain force-dependent switches can store information persistently, which can be written or updated using small changes in mechanical force. These mechanosensitive proteins, such as talin, scaffold each synapse, creating a meshwork of switches that together form a code, the so-called MeshCODE. Large signalling complexes assemble on these scaffolds as a function of the switch patterns and these complexes would both stabilise the patterns and coordinate synaptic regulators to dynamically tune synaptic activity. Synaptic transmission and action potential spike trains would operate the cytoskeletal machinery to write and update the synaptic MeshCODEs, thereby propagating this coding throughout the organism. Based on established biophysical principles, such a mechanical basis for memory would provide a physical location for data storage in the brain, with the binary patterns, encoded in the information-storing mechanosensitive molecules in the synaptic scaffolds, and the complexes that form on them, representing the physical location of engrams. Furthermore, the conversion and storage of sensory and temporal inputs into a binary format would constitute an addressable read-write memory system, supporting the view of the mind as an organic supercomputer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T. Goult
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
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Devulapalli R, Jones N, Farrell K, Musaus M, Kugler H, McFadden T, Orsi SA, Martin K, Nelsen J, Navabpour S, O'Donnell M, McCoig E, Jarome TJ. Males and females differ in the regulation and engagement of, but not requirement for, protein degradation in the amygdala during fear memory formation. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 180:107404. [PMID: 33609735 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, strong evidence has emerged that protein degradation mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system is critical for fear memory formation in the amygdala. However, this work has been done primarily in males, leaving unanswered questions about whether females also require protein degradation during fear memory formation. Here, we found that male and female rats differed in their engagement and regulation of, but not need for, protein degradation in the amygdala during fear memory formation. Male, but not female, rats had increased protein degradation in the nuclei of amygdala cells after fear conditioning. Conversely, females had elevated baseline levels of overall ubiquitin-proteasome activity in amygdala nuclei. Gene expression and DNA methylation analyses identified that females had increased baseline expression of the ubiquitin coding gene Uba52, which had increased DNA 5-hydroxymethylation (5hmc) in its promoter region, indicating a euchromatin state necessary for increased levels of ubiquitin in females. Consistent with this, persistent CRISPR-dCas9 mediated silencing of Uba52 and proteasome subunit Psmd14 in the amygdala reduced baseline protein degradation levels and impaired fear memory in male and female rats, while enhancing baseline protein degradation in the amygdala of both sexes promoted fear memory formation. These results suggest that while both males and females require protein degradation in the amygdala for fear memory formation, they differ in their baseline regulation and engagement of this process following learning. These results have important implications for understanding the etiology of sex-related differences in fear memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Devulapalli
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Natalie Jones
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kayla Farrell
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Madeline Musaus
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Hannah Kugler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Taylor McFadden
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sabrina A Orsi
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kiley Martin
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jacob Nelsen
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shaghayegh Navabpour
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Madison O'Donnell
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Emmarose McCoig
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Timothy J Jarome
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, USA.
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Abstract
The 26S proteasome is the most complex ATP-dependent protease machinery, of ~2.5 MDa mass, ubiquitously found in all eukaryotes. It selectively degrades ubiquitin-conjugated proteins and plays fundamentally indispensable roles in regulating almost all major aspects of cellular activities. To serve as the sole terminal "processor" for myriad ubiquitylation pathways, the proteasome evolved exceptional adaptability in dynamically organizing a large network of proteins, including ubiquitin receptors, shuttle factors, deubiquitinases, AAA-ATPase unfoldases, and ubiquitin ligases, to enable substrate selectivity and processing efficiency and to achieve regulation precision of a vast diversity of substrates. The inner working of the 26S proteasome is among the most sophisticated, enigmatic mechanisms of enzyme machinery in eukaryotic cells. Recent breakthroughs in three-dimensional atomic-level visualization of the 26S proteasome dynamics during polyubiquitylated substrate degradation elucidated an extensively detailed picture of its functional mechanisms, owing to progressive methodological advances associated with cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). Multiple sites of ubiquitin binding in the proteasome revealed a canonical mode of ubiquitin-dependent substrate engagement. The proteasome conformation in the act of substrate deubiquitylation provided insights into how the deubiquitylating activity of RPN11 is enhanced in the holoenzyme and is coupled to substrate translocation. Intriguingly, three principal modes of coordinated ATP hydrolysis in the heterohexameric AAA-ATPase motor were discovered to regulate intermediate functional steps of the proteasome, including ubiquitin-substrate engagement, deubiquitylation, initiation of substrate translocation and processive substrate degradation. The atomic dissection of the innermost working of the 26S proteasome opens up a new era in our understanding of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and has far-reaching implications in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youdong Mao
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02215, Massachusetts, USA. .,School of Physics, Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Maltsev A, Funikov S, Burov A, Spasskaya D, Ignatyuk V, Astakhova T, Lyupina Y, Deikin A, Tutyaeva V, Bal N, Karpov V, Morozov A. Immunoproteasome Inhibitor ONX-0914 Affects Long-Term Potentiation in Murine Hippocampus. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2021; 16:7-11. [PMID: 33405099 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Maltsev
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerovа 5A, 117485, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Funikov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street 32, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Burov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street 32, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria Spasskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street 32, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasilina Ignatyuk
- N. K. Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street, 26 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatjana Astakhova
- N. K. Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street, 26 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Lyupina
- N. K. Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street, 26 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Deikin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera Tutyaeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street 32, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Bal
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerovа 5A, 117485, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim Karpov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street 32, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Morozov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov street 32, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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41
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Iwata S, Morikawa M, Takei Y, Hirokawa N. An activity-dependent local transport regulation via degradation and synthesis of KIF17 underlying cognitive flexibility. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/51/eabc8355. [PMID: 33328231 PMCID: PMC7744090 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc8355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic weight changes among postsynaptic densities within a single dendrite are regulated by the balance between localized protein degradation and synthesis. However, the molecular mechanism via these opposing regulatory processes is still elusive. Here, we showed that the molecular motor KIF17 was locally degraded and synthesized in an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated activity-dependent manner. Accompanied by the degradation of KIF17, its transport was temporarily dampened in dendrites. We also observed that activity-dependent local KIF17 synthesis driven by its 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) occurred at dendritic shafts, and the newly synthesized KIF17 moved along the dendrites. Furthermore, hippocampus-specific deletion of Kif17 3'UTR disrupted KIF17 synthesis induced by fear memory retrieval, leading to impairment in extinction of fear memory. These results indicate that the regulation of the KIF17 transport is driven by the single dendrite-restricted cycle of degradation and synthesis that underlies cognitive flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Iwata
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Momo Morikawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yosuke Takei
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hirokawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Hernández RB, Carrascal M, Abian J, Michalke B, Farina M, Gonzalez YR, Iyirhiaro GO, Moteshareie H, Burnside D, Golshani A, Suñol C. Manganese-induced neurotoxicity in cerebellar granule neurons due to perturbation of cell network pathways with potential implications for neurodegenerative disorders. Metallomics 2020; 12:1656-1678. [PMID: 33206086 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00085j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is essential for living organisms, playing an important role in nervous system function. Nevertheless, chronic and/or acute exposure to this metal, especially during early life stages, can lead to neurotoxicity and dementia by unclear mechanisms. Thus, based on previous works of our group with yeast and zebrafish, we hypothesized that the mechanisms mediating manganese-induced neurotoxicity can be associated with the alteration of protein metabolism. These mechanisms may also depend on the chemical speciation of manganese. Therefore, the current study aimed at investigating the mechanisms mediating the toxic effects of manganese in primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). By exposing cultured CGNs to different chemical species of manganese ([[2-[(dithiocarboxy)amino]ethyl]carbamodithioato]](2-)-kS,kS']manganese, named maneb (MB), and [[1,2-ethanediylbis[carbamodithioato]](2-)]manganese mixture with [[1,2-ethanediylbis[carbamodithioato]](2-)]zinc, named mancozeb (MZ), and manganese chloride (MnCl2)), and using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, we observed that both MB and MZ induced similar cytotoxicity (LC50∼ 7-9 μM), which was higher than that of MnCl2 (LC50∼ 27 μM). Subsequently, we applied systems biology approaches, including metallomics, proteomics, gene expression and bioinformatics, and revealed that independent of chemical speciation, for non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.3-3 μM), Mn-induced neurotoxicity in CGNs is associated with metal dyshomeostasis and impaired protein metabolism. In this way, we verified that MB induced more post-translational alterations than MnCl2, which can be a plausible explanation for cytotoxic differences between both chemical species. The metabolism of proteins is one of the most energy consuming cellular processes and its impairment appears to be a key event of some cellular stress processes reported separately in other studies such as cell cycle arrest, energy impairment, cell signaling, excitotoxicity, immune response, potential protein accumulation and apoptosis. Interestingly, we verified that Mn-induced neurotoxicity shares pathways associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. This has been observed in baker's yeast and zebrafish suggesting that the mode of action of Mn may be evolutionarily conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Bonne Hernández
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Environmental Toxicology - LABITA, Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, CEP 09972-270, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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43
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Santoro AM, Coletta A, Oddone F, Grasso G, Milardi D, Lacal PM, Marini S, Purrello R, Graziani G, Coletta M. The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107579. [PMID: 32442437 PMCID: PMC7236745 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is an adaptable and finely tuned system that sustains proteostasis network under a large variety of physiopathological conditions. Its dysregulation is often associated with the onset and progression of human diseases; hence, UPS modulation has emerged as a promising new avenue for the development of treatments of several relevant pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The clinical interest in proteasome inhibition has considerably increased after the FDA approval in 2003 of bortezomib for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, which is now used in the front-line setting. Thereafter, two other proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib), designed to overcome resistance to bortezomib, have been approved for treatment-experienced patients, and a variety of novel inhibitors are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation not only for haematological malignancies but also for solid tumours. However, since UPS collapse leads to toxic misfolded proteins accumulation, proteasome is attracting even more interest as a target for the care of neurodegenerative diseases, which are sustained by UPS impairment. Thus, conceptually, proteasome activation represents an innovative and largely unexplored target for drug development. According to a multidisciplinary approach, spanning from chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology to pharmacology, this review will summarize the most recent available literature regarding different aspects of proteasome biology, focusing on structure, function and regulation of proteasome in physiological and pathological processes, mostly cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, connecting biochemical features and clinical studies of proteasome targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - A M Santoro
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - A Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - F Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - D Milardi
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - P M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Purrello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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44
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Madeira N, Drumond A, Fonseca R. Temporal Gating of Synaptic Competition in the Amygdala by Cannabinoid Receptor Activation. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:4064-4075. [PMID: 32163129 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of fear memories involves plasticity of the thalamic and cortical pathways to the lateral amygdala (LA). In turn, the maintenance of synaptic plasticity requires the interplay between input-specific synaptic tags and the allocation of plasticity-related proteins. Based on this interplay, weakly activated synapses can express long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity by cooperating with strongly activated synapses. Increasing the number of activated synapses can shift cooperation to competition. Synaptic cooperation and competition can determine whether two events, separated in time, are associated or whether a particular event is selected for storage. The rules that determine whether synapses cooperate or compete are unknown. We found that synaptic cooperation and competition, in the LA, are determined by the temporal sequence of cortical and thalamic stimulation and that the strength of the synaptic tag is modulated by the endocannabinoid signaling. This modulation is particularly effective in thalamic synapses, supporting a critical role of endocannabinoids in restricting thalamic plasticity. Also, we found that the availability of synaptic proteins is activity-dependent, shifting competition to cooperation. Our data present the first evidence that presynaptic modulation of synaptic activation, by the cannabinoid signaling, functions as a temporal gating mechanism limiting synaptic cooperation and competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Madeira
- Cellular and Systems Neurobiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Ana Drumond
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Rosalina Fonseca
- Cellular and Systems Neurobiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
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45
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SAK3 Administration Improves Spine Abnormalities and Cognitive Deficits in App NL-G-F/NL-G-F Knock-in Mice by Increasing Proteasome Activity through CaMKII/Rpt6 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113833. [PMID: 32481611 PMCID: PMC7312612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is characterized by neuropathological hallmarks consisting of accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Recently, we have identified a new AD therapeutic candidate, ethyl-8'-methyl-2',4-dioxo-2-(piperidin-1-yl)-2'H-spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'-imidazo [1,2-a] pyridin]-2-ene-3-carboxylate (SAK3), which ameliorates the AD-like pathology in AppNL-F/NL-F knock-in mice. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of SAK3 remains unclear. In this study, we found that SAK3 administration improved the reduced proteasome activity through the activation of CaMKII/Rpt6 signaling in AppNL-F/NL-F knock-in (NL-G-F) mice. Moreover, spine abnormalities observed in NL-G-F mice were significantly reversed by SAK3 administration. Along with this, cognitive impairments found in NL-G-F mice were markedly ameliorated by SAK3. In summary, our data suggest that SAK3 administration increases the activity of the proteasome via activation of the CaMKII/Rpt6 signaling pathway, contributing to improvements in spine abnormalities and cognitive deficits in NL-G-F mice. Overall, our findings suggest that SAK3 might be a new attractive drug candidate, representing a new mechanism for the treatment of AD pathology.
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Krishna-K K, Baby N, Raghuraman R, Navakkode S, Behnisch T, Sajikumar S. Regulation of aberrant proteasome activity re-establishes plasticity and long-term memory in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:9466-9479. [PMID: 32459037 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902844rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reduced retrograde memory performance at the cognitive level and aggregation/deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brain at the cellular level are some of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). A molecular system that participates in the removal of proteins with an altered conformation is the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS). Impairments of the UPS in wild-type (WT) mice lead to defective clearance of Aβ and prevent long-term plasticity of synaptic transmission. Here we show data whereby in contrast to WT mice, the inhibition of proteasome-mediated protein degradation in an animal model of AD by MG132 or lactacystin restores impaired activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and its associative interaction, synaptic tagging and capture (STC) in vitro, as well as associative long-term memory in vivo. This augmentation of synaptic plasticity and memory is mediated by the mTOR pathway and protein synthesis. Our data offer novel insights into the rebalancing of proteins relevant for synaptic plasticity which are regulated by UPS in AD-like animal models. In addition, the data provide evidence that proteasome inhibitors might be effective in reinstating synaptic plasticity and memory performance in AD, and therefore offer a new potential therapeutic option for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Krishna-K
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nimmi Baby
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Radha Raghuraman
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheeja Navakkode
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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47
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Valdez-Sinon AN, Lai A, Shi L, Lancaster CL, Gokhale A, Faundez V, Bassell GJ. Cdh1-APC Regulates Protein Synthesis and Stress Granules in Neurons through an FMRP-Dependent Mechanism. iScience 2020; 23:101132. [PMID: 32434143 PMCID: PMC7236060 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a balance between protein degradation and protein synthesis is necessary for neurodevelopment. Although the E3 ubiquitin ligase anaphase promoting complex and its regulatory subunit Cdh1 (Cdh1-APC) has been shown to regulate learning and memory, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we have identified a role of Cdh1-APC as a regulator of protein synthesis in neurons. Proteomic profiling revealed that Cdh1-APC interacts with known regulators of translation, including stress granule proteins. Inhibition of Cdh1-APC activity caused an increase in stress granule formation that is dependent on fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). We propose a model in which Cdh1-APC targets stress granule proteins, such as FMRP, and inhibits the formation of stress granules, leading to protein synthesis. Elucidation of a role for Cdh1-APC in regulation of stress granules and protein synthesis in neurons has implications for how Cdh1-APC can regulate protein-synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Austin Lai
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Carly L. Lancaster
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Avanti Gokhale
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Victor Faundez
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Gary J. Bassell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA,Corresponding author
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48
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Tomoda T, Yang K, Sawa A. Neuronal Autophagy in Synaptic Functions and Psychiatric Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:787-796. [PMID: 31542152 PMCID: PMC6986983 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Homeostatic maintenance of physiological functions is fundamental to organismal well-being. Disruption or imbalance in homeostasis results in functional disturbances at molecular, cellular, and tissue levels, leading to manifestation as physical and mental illnesses. Homeostatic imbalance is caused by a range of pathophysiological mechanisms, including disrupted reduction-oxidation reactions, inflammatory responses, metabolic disturbances, or failure in quality control of cellular proteins and organelles. However, the roles for the protein/organelle quality control in the regulation of behaviors, in particular of cognitive processes, had not been well documented, until recent reports finally supported this concept. The frontline studies in neuroscience have revealed that synaptic components (e.g., synaptic proteins, organelles, neurotransmitters and their receptors) are selectively degraded by autophagy, a cellular recycling machinery implicated in surveillance and quality control of proteins and organelles responsible for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Apart from the canonical role of autophagy in supporting cell viability, synaptic autophagy appears to regulate synapse remodeling and plasticity. Consistently, emerging evidence suggests novel roles of autophagy in memory encoding, information processing, or cognitive functions. In this review, we overview recent progress in understanding the roles of neuronal autophagy in homeostatic maintenance of synaptic functions, with particular focus on how disruptions in these processes may contribute to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tomoda
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
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49
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Zhou J, Chow HM, Liu Y, Wu D, Shi M, Li J, Wen L, Gao Y, Chen G, Zhuang K, Lin H, Zhang G, Xie W, Li H, Leng L, Wang M, Zheng N, Sun H, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Xue M, Huang TY, Bu G, Xu H, Yuan Z, Herrup K, Zhang J. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5-Dependent BAG3 Degradation Modulates Synaptic Protein Turnover. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:756-769. [PMID: 31955914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic protein dyshomeostasis and functional loss is an early invariant feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the unifying etiological pathway remains largely unknown. Knowing that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) plays critical roles in synaptic formation and degeneration, its phosphorylation targets were reexamined in search of candidates with direct global impacts on synaptic protein dynamics, and the associated regulatory network was also analyzed. METHODS Quantitative phosphoproteomics and bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify top-ranked candidates. A series of biochemical assays was used to investigate the associated regulatory signaling networks. Histological, electrochemical, and behavioral assays were performed in conditional knockout, small hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown, and AD-related mice models to evaluate the relevance of CDK5 to synaptic homeostasis and functions. RESULTS Among candidates with known implications in synaptic modulations, BAG3 ranked the highest. CDK5-mediated phosphorylation on S297/S291 (mouse/human) destabilized BAG3. Loss of BAG3 unleashed the selective protein degradative function of the HSP70 machinery. In neurons, this resulted in enhanced degradation of a number of glutamatergic synaptic proteins. Conditional neuronal knockout of Bag3 in vivo led to impairment of learning and memory functions. In human AD and related mouse models, aberrant CDK5-mediated loss of BAG3 yielded similar effects on synaptic homeostasis. Detrimental effects of BAG3 loss on learning and memory functions were confirmed in these mice, and such effects were reversed by ectopic BAG3 reexpression. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight that the neuronal CDK5-BAG3-HSP70 signaling axis plays a critical role in modulating synaptic homeostasis. Dysregulation of the signaling pathway directly contributes to synaptic dysfunction and AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiechao Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hei-Man Chow
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong.
| | - Yan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Di Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Meng Shi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jieyin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lei Wen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuehong Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guimiao Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kai Zhuang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guanyun Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenting Xie
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lige Leng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Mengdan Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Naizhen Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yingjun Zhao
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Yunwu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Maoqiang Xue
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Timothy Y Huang
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Karl Herrup
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jie Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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50
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Huggett SB, Stallings MC. Cocaine'omics: Genome-wide and transcriptome-wide analyses provide biological insight into cocaine use and dependence. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12719. [PMID: 30734435 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the genetic and molecular architecture of cocaine dependence (CD) and cocaine use by integrating genome-/transcriptome-wide analyses. To prioritize candidates for follow-up investigation, we also sought to translate gene expression findings across species. Using data from the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) of CD to date (n = 3176, 74% with CD), we assessed genomic heritability, gene-based associations, and tissue enrichment. We detected a significant single-nucleotide polymorphism heritability of 28% for CD and identified three genes (two loci) underlying this predisposition: the C1qL2 (complement component C1 q like 2), KCTD20 (potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 20), and STK38 (serine/threonine kinase 38) genes. Tissue enrichment analyses indicated robust enrichment in numerous brain regions, including the hippocampus. We used postmortem human hippocampal RNA-sequencing data from previous study (n = 15, seven chronic cocaine users) to follow up genome-wide results and to identify differentially expressed genes/transcripts and gene networks underlying cocaine use. Cross-species analyses utilized hippocampal gene expression from a mouse model of cocaine use. Differentially expressed genes/transcripts in humans were enriched for the genes nominally associated with CD via GWAS (P < 0.05) and for differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus of cocaine-exposed mice. We identified KCTD20 as a central component of a hippocampal gene network strongly associated with human cocaine use, and this gene network was conserved in the mouse hippocampus. We outline a framework to map and translate genome-wide findings onto tissue-specific gene expression, which provided biological insight into cocaine use/dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer B. Huggett
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado
- Institute for Behavioral GeneticsUniversity of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado
| | - Michael C. Stallings
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado
- Institute for Behavioral GeneticsUniversity of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado
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