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Zouridis IS, Balsamo G, Preston-Ferrer P, Burgalossi A. Anatomical and electrophysiological analysis of the fasciola cinerea of the mouse hippocampus. Hippocampus 2024. [PMID: 39105449 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus is considered essential for several forms of declarative memory, including spatial and social memory. Despite the extensive research of the classic subfields of the hippocampus, the fasciola cinerea (FC)-a medially located structure within the hippocampal formation-has remained largely unexplored. In the present study, we performed a morpho-functional characterization of principal neurons in the mouse FC. Using in vivo juxtacellular recording of single neurons, we found that FC neurons are distinct from neighboring CA1 pyramidal cells, both morphologically and electrophysiologically. Specifically, FC neurons displayed non-pyramidal morphology and granule cell-like apical dendrites. Compared to neighboring CA1 pyramidal neurons, FC neurons exhibited more regular in vivo firing patterns and a lower tendency to fire spikes at short interspike intervals. Furthermore, tracing experiments revealed that the FC receives inputs from the lateral but not the medial entorhinal cortex and CA3, and it provides a major intra-hippocampal projection to the septal CA2 and sparser inputs to the distal CA1. Overall, our results indicate that the FC is a morphologically and electrophysiologically distinct subfield of the hippocampal formation; given the established role of CA2 in social memory and seizure initiation, the unique efferent intra-hippocampal connectivity of the FC points to possible roles in social cognition and temporal lobe epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis S Zouridis
- Institute of Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner-Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience-International Max-Planck Research School (IMPRS), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Balsamo
- Institute of Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner-Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience-International Max-Planck Research School (IMPRS), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patricia Preston-Ferrer
- Institute of Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner-Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Burgalossi
- Institute of Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner-Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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2
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Iwase M, Diba K, Pastalkova E, Mizuseki K. Dynamics of spike transmission and suppression between principal cells and interneurons in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. Hippocampus 2024; 34:393-421. [PMID: 38874439 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Synaptic excitation and inhibition are essential for neuronal communication. However, the variables that regulate synaptic excitation and inhibition in the intact brain remain largely unknown. Here, we examined how spike transmission and suppression between principal cells (PCs) and interneurons (INTs) are modulated by activity history, brain state, cell type, and somatic distance between presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons by applying cross-correlogram analyses to datasets recorded from the dorsal hippocampus and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) of 11 male behaving and sleeping Long Evans rats. The strength, temporal delay, and brain-state dependency of the spike transmission and suppression depended on the subregions/layers. The spike transmission probability of PC-INT excitatory pairs that showed short-term depression versus short-term facilitation was higher in CA1 and lower in CA3. Likewise, the intersomatic distance affected the proportion of PC-INT excitatory pairs that showed short-term depression and facilitation in the opposite manner in CA1 compared with CA3. The time constant of depression was longer, while that of facilitation was shorter in MEC than in CA1 and CA3. During sharp-wave ripples, spike transmission showed a larger gain in the MEC than in CA1 and CA3. The intersomatic distance affected the spike transmission gain during sharp-wave ripples differently in CA1 versus CA3. A subgroup of MEC layer 3 (EC3) INTs preferentially received excitatory inputs from and inhibited MEC layer 2 (EC2) PCs. The EC2 PC-EC3 INT excitatory pairs, most of which showed short-term depression, exhibited higher spike transmission probabilities than the EC2 PC-EC2 INT and EC3 PC-EC3 INT excitatory pairs. EC2 putative stellate cells exhibited stronger spike transmission to and received weaker spike suppression from EC3 INTs than EC2 putative pyramidal cells. This study provides detailed comparisons of monosynaptic interaction dynamics in the hippocampal-entorhinal loop, which may help to elucidate circuit operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motosada Iwase
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kamran Diba
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eva Pastalkova
- The William Alanson White Institute of Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis & Psychology, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kenji Mizuseki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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3
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Nasrallah K, Berthoux C, Hashimotodani Y, Chávez AE, Gulfo MC, Luján R, Castillo PE. Retrograde adenosine/A 2A receptor signaling facilitates excitatory synaptic transmission and seizures. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114382. [PMID: 38905101 PMCID: PMC11286346 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Retrograde signaling at the synapse is a fundamental way by which neurons communicate and neuronal circuit function is fine-tuned upon activity. While long-term changes in neurotransmitter release commonly rely on retrograde signaling, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identified adenosine/A2A receptor (A2AR) as a retrograde signaling pathway underlying presynaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) at a hippocampal excitatory circuit critically involved in memory and epilepsy. Transient burst activity of a single dentate granule cell induced LTP of mossy cell synaptic inputs, a BDNF/TrkB-dependent form of plasticity that facilitates seizures. Postsynaptic TrkB activation released adenosine from granule cells, uncovering a non-conventional BDNF/TrkB signaling mechanism. Moreover, presynaptic A2ARs were necessary and sufficient for LTP. Lastly, seizure induction released adenosine in a TrkB-dependent manner, while removing A2ARs or TrkB from the dentate gyrus had anti-convulsant effects. By mediating presynaptic LTP, adenosine/A2AR retrograde signaling may modulate dentate gyrus-dependent learning and promote epileptic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoutsar Nasrallah
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Coralie Berthoux
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yuki Hashimotodani
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Andrés E Chávez
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Michelle C Gulfo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rafael Luján
- Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM (IB-UCLM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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4
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Huang LW, Torelli F, Chen HL, Bartos M. Context and space coding in mossy cell population activity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114386. [PMID: 38909362 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The dentate gyrus plays a key role in the discrimination of memories by segregating and storing similar episodes. Whether hilar mossy cells, which constitute a major excitatory principal cell type in the mammalian hippocampus, contribute to this decorrelation function has remained largely unclear. Using two-photon calcium imaging of head-fixed mice performing a spatial virtual reality task, we show that mossy cell populations robustly discriminate between familiar and novel environments. The degree of discrimination depends on the extent of visual cue differences between contexts. A context decoder revealed that successful environmental classification is explained mainly by activity difference scores of mossy cells. By decoding mouse position, we reveal that in addition to place cells, the coordinated activity among active mossy cells markedly contributes to the encoding of space. Thus, by decorrelating context information according to the degree of environmental differences, mossy cell populations support pattern separation processes within the dentate gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Huang
- Institute for Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Federico Torelli
- Institute for Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hung-Ling Chen
- Institute for Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Marlene Bartos
- Institute for Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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5
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Gandit B, Posani L, Zhang CL, Saha S, Ortiz C, Allegra M, Schmidt-Hieber C. Transformation of spatial representations along hippocampal circuits. iScience 2024; 27:110361. [PMID: 39071886 PMCID: PMC11277690 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is thought to provide the brain with a cognitive map of the external world by processing various types of spatial information. To understand how essential spatial variables such as direction, position, and distance are transformed along its circuits to construct this global map, we perform single-photon widefield microendoscope calcium imaging in the dentate gyrus and CA3 of mice freely navigating along a narrow corridor. We find that spatial activity maps in the dentate gyrus, but not in CA3, are correlated after aligning them to the running directions, suggesting that they represent the distance traveled along the track in egocentric coordinates. Together with population activity decoding, our data suggest that while spatial representations in the dentate gyrus and CA3 are anchored in both egocentric and allocentric coordinates, egocentric distance coding is more prevalent in the dentate gyrus than in CA3, providing insights into the assembly of the cognitive map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérénice Gandit
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Neural Circuits for Spatial Navigation and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, F-75015 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Posani
- Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chun-Lei Zhang
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Neural Circuits for Spatial Navigation and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Soham Saha
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Neural Circuits for Spatial Navigation and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Cantin Ortiz
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Neural Circuits for Spatial Navigation and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, F-75015 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Manuela Allegra
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Neural Circuits for Spatial Navigation and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Christoph Schmidt-Hieber
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Neural Circuits for Spatial Navigation and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, F-75015 Paris, France
- Institute for Physiology I, Jena University Hospital, 07743 Jena, Germany
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6
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Tye KM, Miller EK, Taschbach FH, Benna MK, Rigotti M, Fusi S. Mixed selectivity: Cellular computations for complexity. Neuron 2024; 112:2289-2303. [PMID: 38729151 PMCID: PMC11257803 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The property of mixed selectivity has been discussed at a computational level and offers a strategy to maximize computational power by adding versatility to the functional role of each neuron. Here, we offer a biologically grounded implementational-level mechanistic explanation for mixed selectivity in neural circuits. We define pure, linear, and nonlinear mixed selectivity and discuss how these response properties can be obtained in simple neural circuits. Neurons that respond to multiple, statistically independent variables display mixed selectivity. If their activity can be expressed as a weighted sum, then they exhibit linear mixed selectivity; otherwise, they exhibit nonlinear mixed selectivity. Neural representations based on diverse nonlinear mixed selectivity are high dimensional; hence, they confer enormous flexibility to a simple downstream readout neural circuit. However, a simple neural circuit cannot possibly encode all possible mixtures of variables simultaneously, as this would require a combinatorially large number of mixed selectivity neurons. Gating mechanisms like oscillations and neuromodulation can solve this problem by dynamically selecting which variables are mixed and transmitted to the readout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay M Tye
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, La Jolla, CA; Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Earl K Miller
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Felix H Taschbach
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA; Biological Science Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Marcus K Benna
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | | | - Stefano Fusi
- Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Cui K, Qi X, Liu Z, Sun W, Jiao P, Liu C, Tong J, Sun X, Sun H, Fu S, Wang J, Zheng Y, Liu T, Cui S, Liu F, Mao J, Zheng J, Wan Y, Yi M. Dominant activities of fear engram cells in the dorsal dentate gyrus underlie fear generalization in mice. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002679. [PMID: 38995985 PMCID: PMC11244812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Over-generalized fear is a maladaptive response to harmless stimuli or situations characteristic of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other anxiety disorders. The dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG) contains engram cells that play a crucial role in accurate memory retrieval. However, the coordination mechanism of neuronal subpopulations within the dDG network during fear generalization is not well understood. Here, with the Tet-off system combined with immunostaining and two-photon calcium imaging, we report that dDG fear engram cells labeled in the conditioned context constitutes a significantly higher proportion of dDG neurons activated in a similar context where mice show generalized fear. The activation of these dDG fear engram cells encoding the conditioned context is both sufficient and necessary for inducing fear generalization in the similar context. Activities of mossy cells in the ventral dentate gyrus (vMCs) are significantly suppressed in mice showing fear generalization in a similar context, and activating the vMCs-dDG pathway suppresses generalized but not conditioned fear. Finally, modifying fear memory engrams in the dDG with "safety" signals effectively rescues fear generalization. These findings reveal that the competitive advantage of dDG engram cells underlies fear generalization, which can be rescued by activating the vMCs-dDG pathway or modifying fear memory engrams, and provide novel insights into the dDG network as the neuronal basis of fear generalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cui
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
| | - Xuetao Qi
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zilong Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqi Sun
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peijie Jiao
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
| | - Jifu Tong
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Sun
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Su Fu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Zheng
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Cui
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyu Liu
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - You Wan
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing, China
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8
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Zouridis IS, Schmors L, Fischer KM, Berens P, Preston-Ferrer P, Burgalossi A. Juxtacellular recordings from identified neurons in the mouse locus coeruleus. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:3659-3676. [PMID: 38872397 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC) is the primary source of noradrenergic transmission in the mammalian central nervous system. This small pontine nucleus consists of a densely packed nuclear core-which contains the highest density of noradrenergic neurons-embedded within a heterogeneous surround of non-noradrenergic cells. This local heterogeneity, together with the small size of the LC, has made it particularly difficult to infer noradrenergic cell identity based on extracellular sampling of in vivo spiking activity. Moreover, the relatively high cell density, background activity and synchronicity of LC neurons have made spike identification and unit isolation notoriously challenging. In this study, we aimed at bridging these gaps by performing juxtacellular recordings from single identified neurons within the mouse LC complex. We found that noradrenergic neurons (identified by tyrosine hydroxylase, TH, expression; TH-positive) and intermingled putatively non-noradrenergic (TH-negative) cells displayed similar morphologies and responded to foot shock stimuli with excitatory responses; however, on average, TH-positive neurons exhibited more prominent foot shock responses and post-activation firing suppression. The two cell classes also displayed different spontaneous firing rates, spike waveforms and temporal spiking properties. A logistic regression classifier trained on spontaneous electrophysiological features could separate the two cell classes with 76% accuracy. Altogether, our results reveal in vivo electrophysiological correlates of TH-positive neurons, which can be useful for refining current approaches for the classification of LC unit activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis S Zouridis
- Institute of Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max-Planck Research School (IMPRS), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisa Schmors
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Maite Fischer
- Institute of Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max-Planck Research School (IMPRS), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Berens
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen AI Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patricia Preston-Ferrer
- Institute of Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Burgalossi
- Institute of Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany
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9
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Turi GF, Teng S, Chen X, Lim ECY, Dias C, Hu R, Wang R, Zhen F, Peng Y. Serotonin modulates infraslow oscillation in the dentate gyrus during Non-REM sleep. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.12.540575. [PMID: 38854102 PMCID: PMC11160574 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.12.540575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Synchronous neuronal activity is organized into neuronal oscillations with various frequency and time domains across different brain areas and brain states. For example, hippocampal theta, gamma and sharp wave oscillations are critical for memory formation and communication between hippocampal subareas and the cortex. In this study, we investigated the neuronal activity of the dentate gyrus (DG) with electrophysiological and optical imaging tools during sleep-wake cycles. We found that the activity of major glutamatergic cell populations in the DG is organized into in-fraslow oscillations (0.01 - 0.03 Hz) during NREM sleep. Although the DG is considered a sparsely active network during wakefulness, we found that 50% of granule cells and about 25% of mossy cells exhibit increased activity during NREM sleep. Further experiments revealed that the infraslow oscillation in the DG is modulated by rhythmic serotonin release during sleep, which oscillates at the same frequency but in an opposite phase. Genetic manipulation of 5-HT receptors revealed that this neuromodulatory regulation is mediated by 5-HT1a receptors and the knockdown of these receptors leads to memory impairment. Together, our results provide novel mechanistic insights into how the 5-HT system can influence hippocampal activity patterns during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely F. Turi
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Division of Systems Neuroscience New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sasa Teng
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Emily CY Lim
- Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Carla Dias
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Division of Systems Neuroscience New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ruining Hu
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Fenghua Zhen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Present address: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Yueqing Peng
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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10
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Rangel-Sandoval C, Soula M, Li WP, Castillo PE, Hunt DL. NMDAR-mediated activation of pannexin1 channels contributes to the detonator properties of hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. iScience 2024; 27:109681. [PMID: 38680664 PMCID: PMC11046245 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pannexins are large-pore ion channels expressed throughout the mammalian brain that participate in various neuropathologies; however, their physiological roles remain obscure. Here, we report that pannexin1 channels (Panx1) can be synaptically activated under physiological recording conditions in rodent acute hippocampal slices. Specifically, NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated responses at the mossy fiber to CA3 pyramidal cell synapse were followed by a slow postsynaptic inward current that could activate CA3 pyramidal cells but was absent in Panx1 knockout mice. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that Panx1 was localized near the postsynaptic density. Further, Panx1-mediated currents were potentiated by metabotropic receptors and bidirectionally modulated by burst-timing-dependent plasticity of NMDAR-mediated transmission. Lastly, Panx1 channels were preferentially recruited when NMDAR activation enters a supralinear regime, resulting in temporally delayed burst-firing. Thus, Panx1 can contribute to synaptic amplification and broadening the temporal associativity window for co-activated pyramidal cells, thereby supporting the auto-associative functions of the CA3 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Rangel-Sandoval
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marisol Soula
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Wei-Ping Li
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Pablo E. Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David L. Hunt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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11
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Beau M, Herzfeld DJ, Naveros F, Hemelt ME, D’Agostino F, Oostland M, Sánchez-López A, Chung YY, Michael Maibach, Kyranakis S, Stabb HN, Martínez Lopera MG, Lajko A, Zedler M, Ohmae S, Hall NJ, Clark BA, Cohen D, Lisberger SG, Kostadinov D, Hull C, Häusser M, Medina JF. A deep-learning strategy to identify cell types across species from high-density extracellular recordings. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.30.577845. [PMID: 38352514 PMCID: PMC10862837 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.30.577845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
High-density probes allow electrophysiological recordings from many neurons simultaneously across entire brain circuits but don't reveal cell type. Here, we develop a strategy to identify cell types from extracellular recordings in awake animals, revealing the computational roles of neurons with distinct functional, molecular, and anatomical properties. We combine optogenetic activation and pharmacology using the cerebellum as a testbed to generate a curated ground-truth library of electrophysiological properties for Purkinje cells, molecular layer interneurons, Golgi cells, and mossy fibers. We train a semi-supervised deep-learning classifier that predicts cell types with greater than 95% accuracy based on waveform, discharge statistics, and layer of the recorded neuron. The classifier's predictions agree with expert classification on recordings using different probes, in different laboratories, from functionally distinct cerebellar regions, and across animal species. Our classifier extends the power of modern dynamical systems analyses by revealing the unique contributions of simultaneously-recorded cell types during behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Beau
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - David J. Herzfeld
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Francisco Naveros
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, Research Centre for Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marie E. Hemelt
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Federico D’Agostino
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marlies Oostland
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Young Yoon Chung
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Maibach
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen Kyranakis
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hannah N. Stabb
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Agoston Lajko
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marie Zedler
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shogo Ohmae
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nathan J. Hall
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Beverley A. Clark
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dana Cohen
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | | | - Dimitar Kostadinov
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Court Hull
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Häusser
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Javier F. Medina
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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12
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Chockanathan U, Padmanabhan K. Differential disruptions in population coding along the dorsal-ventral axis of CA1 in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Aβ pathology. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012085. [PMID: 38709845 PMCID: PMC11098488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is characterized by a range of behavioral alterations, including memory loss and psychiatric symptoms. While there is evidence that molecular pathologies, such as amyloid beta (Aβ), contribute to AD, it remains unclear how this histopathology gives rise to such disparate behavioral deficits. One hypothesis is that Aβ exerts differential effects on neuronal circuits across brain regions, depending on the neurophysiology and connectivity of different areas. To test this, we recorded from large neuronal populations in dorsal CA1 (dCA1) and ventral CA1 (vCA1), two hippocampal areas known to be structurally and functionally diverse, in the APP/PS1 mouse model of amyloidosis. Despite similar levels of Aβ pathology, dCA1 and vCA1 showed distinct disruptions in neuronal population activity as animals navigated a virtual reality environment. In dCA1, pairwise correlations and entropy, a measure of the diversity of activity patterns, were decreased in APP/PS1 mice relative to age-matched C57BL/6 controls. However, in vCA1, APP/PS1 mice had increased pair-wise correlations and entropy as compared to age matched controls. Finally, using maximum entropy models, we connected the microscopic features of population activity (correlations) to the macroscopic features of the population code (entropy). We found that the models' performance increased in predicting dCA1 activity, but decreased in predicting vCA1 activity, in APP/PS1 mice relative to the controls. Taken together, we found that Aβ exerts distinct effects across different hippocampal regions, suggesting that the various behavioral deficits of AD may reflect underlying heterogeneities in neuronal circuits and the different disruptions that Aβ pathology causes in those circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaysankar Chockanathan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Krishnan Padmanabhan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Center for Visual Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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13
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Shu WC, Jackson MB. Intrinsic and Synaptic Contributions to Repetitive Spiking in Dentate Granule Cells. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0716232024. [PMID: 38503495 PMCID: PMC11063872 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0716-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Repetitive firing of granule cells (GCs) in the dentate gyrus (DG) facilitates synaptic transmission to the CA3 region. This facilitation can gate and amplify the flow of information through the hippocampus. High-frequency bursts in the DG are linked to behavior and plasticity, but GCs do not readily burst. Under normal conditions, a single shock to the perforant path in a hippocampal slice typically drives a GC to fire a single spike, and only occasionally more than one spike is seen. Repetitive spiking in GCs is not robust, and the mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we used a hybrid genetically encoded voltage sensor to image voltage changes evoked by cortical inputs in many mature GCs simultaneously in hippocampal slices from male and female mice. This enabled us to study relatively infrequent double and triple spikes. We found GCs are relatively homogeneous and their double spiking behavior is cell autonomous. Blockade of GABA type A receptors increased multiple spikes and prolonged the interspike interval, indicating inhibitory interneurons limit repetitive spiking and set the time window for successive spikes. Inhibiting synaptic glutamate release showed that recurrent excitation mediated by hilar mossy cells contributes to, but is not necessary for, multiple spiking. Blockade of T-type Ca2+ channels did not reduce multiple spiking but prolonged interspike intervals. Imaging voltage changes in different GC compartments revealed that second spikes can be initiated in either dendrites or somata. Thus, pharmacological and biophysical experiments reveal roles for both synaptic circuitry and intrinsic excitability in GC repetitive spiking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chi Shu
- Department of Neuroscience and Biophysics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Meyer B Jackson
- Department of Neuroscience and Biophysics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53705
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14
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Nelson ED, Tippani M, Ramnauth AD, Divecha HR, Miller RA, Eagles NJ, Pattie EA, Kwon SH, Bach SV, Kaipa UM, Yao J, Kleinman JE, Collado-Torres L, Han S, Maynard KR, Hyde TM, Martinowich K, Page SC, Hicks SC. An integrated single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics atlas reveals the molecular landscape of the human hippocampus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.26.590643. [PMID: 38712198 PMCID: PMC11071618 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.26.590643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus contains many unique cell types, which serve the structure's specialized functions, including learning, memory and cognition. These cells have distinct spatial topography, morphology, physiology, and connectivity, highlighting the need for transcriptome-wide profiling strategies that retain cytoarchitectural organization. Here, we generated spatially-resolved transcriptomics (SRT) and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) data from adjacent tissue sections of the anterior human hippocampus across ten adult neurotypical donors. We defined molecular profiles for hippocampal cell types and spatial domains. Using non-negative matrix factorization and transfer learning, we integrated these data to define gene expression patterns within the snRNA-seq data and infer the expression of these patterns in the SRT data. With this approach, we leveraged existing rodent datasets that feature information on circuit connectivity and neural activity induction to make predictions about axonal projection targets and likelihood of ensemble recruitment in spatially-defined cellular populations of the human hippocampus. Finally, we integrated genome-wide association studies with transcriptomic data to identify enrichment of genetic components for neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders across cell types, spatial domains, and gene expression patterns of the human hippocampus. To make this comprehensive molecular atlas accessible to the scientific community, both raw and processed data are freely available, including through interactive web applications.
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15
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Jeong M, Jang JH, Oh SJ, Park J, Lee J, Hwang S, Oh YS. Maladaptation of dentate gyrus mossy cells mediates contextual discrimination deficit after traumatic stress. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114000. [PMID: 38527063 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Fear overgeneralization is a maladaptive response to traumatic stress that is associated with the inability to discriminate between threat and safety contexts, a hallmark feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the neural mechanisms underlying this deficit remain unclear. Here, we show that traumatic stress exposure impairs contextual discrimination between threat and safety contexts in the learned helplessness (LH) model. Mossy cells (MCs) in the dorsal hippocampus are suppressed in response to traumatic stress. Bidirectional manipulation of MC activity in the LH model reveals that MC inhibition is causally linked to impaired contextual discrimination. Mechanistically, MC inhibition increases the number of active granule cells in a given context, significantly overlapping context-specific ensembles. Our study demonstrates that maladaptive inhibition of MCs after traumatic stress is a substantial mechanism underlying fear overgeneralization with contextual discrimination deficit, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for cognitive symptoms of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Jeong
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeok Jang
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Jin Oh
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongrak Park
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseop Lee
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Hwang
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Oh
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Ye Z, Shelton AM, Shaker JR, Boussard J, Colonell J, Birman D, Manavi S, Chen S, Windolf C, Hurwitz C, Namima T, Pedraja F, Weiss S, Raducanu B, Ness TV, Jia X, Mastroberardino G, Rossi LF, Carandini M, Häusser M, Einevoll GT, Laurent G, Sawtell NB, Bair W, Pasupathy A, Lopez CM, Dutta B, Paninski L, Siegle JH, Koch C, Olsen SR, Harris TD, Steinmetz NA. Ultra-high density electrodes improve detection, yield, and cell type identification in neuronal recordings. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.23.554527. [PMID: 37662298 PMCID: PMC10473688 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.23.554527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
To understand the neural basis of behavior, it is essential to sensitively and accurately measure neural activity at single neuron and single spike resolution. Extracellular electrophysiology delivers this, but it has biases in the neurons it detects and it imperfectly resolves their action potentials. To minimize these limitations, we developed a silicon probe with much smaller and denser recording sites than previous designs, called Neuropixels Ultra (NP Ultra). This device samples neuronal activity at ultra-high spatial density (~10 times higher than previous probes) with low noise levels, while trading off recording span. NP Ultra is effectively an implantable voltage-sensing camera that captures a planar image of a neuron's electrical field. We use a spike sorting algorithm optimized for these probes to demonstrate that the yield of visually-responsive neurons in recordings from mouse visual cortex improves up to ~3-fold. We show that NP Ultra can record from small neuronal structures including axons and dendrites. Recordings across multiple brain regions and four species revealed a subset of extracellular action potentials with unexpectedly small spatial spread and axon-like features. We share a large-scale dataset of these brain-wide recordings in mice as a resource for studies of neuronal biophysics. Finally, using ground-truth identification of three major inhibitory cortical cell types, we found that these cell types were discriminable with approximately 75% success, a significant improvement over lower-resolution recordings. NP Ultra improves spike sorting performance, detection of subcellular compartments, and cell type classification to enable more powerful dissection of neural circuit activity during behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Ye
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew M. Shelton
- MindScope Program, Allen Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jordan R. Shaker
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julien Boussard
- Department of Neuroscience, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Daniel Birman
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sahar Manavi
- MindScope Program, Allen Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susu Chen
- Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Charlie Windolf
- Department of Neuroscience, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cole Hurwitz
- Department of Neuroscience, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Namima
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Federico Pedraja
- Department of Neuroscience, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shahaf Weiss
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | - Xiaoxuan Jia
- Center for Life Sciences & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, China
| | - Giulia Mastroberardino
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - L. Federico Rossi
- Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Matteo Carandini
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Häusser
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gaute T. Einevoll
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gilles Laurent
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nathaniel B. Sawtell
- Department of Neuroscience, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wyeth Bair
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anitha Pasupathy
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Liam Paninski
- Department of Neuroscience, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Christof Koch
- MindScope Program, Allen Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shawn R. Olsen
- MindScope Program, Allen Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Timothy D. Harris
- Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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17
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Teng S, Wang W, Wen JJJ, Wang J, Turi GF, Peng Y. Expression of GCaMP6s in the dentate gyrus induces tonic-clonic seizures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8104. [PMID: 38582752 PMCID: PMC10998915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58819-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
GCaMP is a genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI) widely used in neuroscience research. It measures intracellular Ca2+ level by fluorescence changes as it directly binds to Ca2+. In this process, the effect of this calcium buffer on the intracellular calcium signaling and cell physiology is often not taken into consideration. However, growing evidence from calcium imaging studies shows GCaMP expression under certain conditions can generate aberrant activity, such as seizures. In this study, we examined the effect of GCaMP6 expression in the dentate gyrus (DG) on epileptogenesis. We found that viral expression of GCaMP6s but not GCaMP6f in the DG induces tonic-clonic seizures several weeks after viral injection. Cell-type specific expression of GCaMP6s revealed the granule cells (GCs) as the key player in GCaMP6s-induced epilepsy. Finally, by using slice electrophysiology, we demonstrated that GCaMP6s expression increases neuronal excitability in the GCs. Together, this study highlights the ability of GCaMP6s in DG-associated epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasa Teng
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Wanqi Wang
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | - Jingxuan Wang
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Gergely F Turi
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yueqing Peng
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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18
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Varga V, Petersen P, Zutshi I, Huszar R, Zhang Y, Buzsáki G. Working memory features are embedded in hippocampal place fields. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113807. [PMID: 38401118 PMCID: PMC11044127 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal principal neurons display both spatial tuning properties and memory features. Whether this distinction corresponds to separate neuron types or a context-dependent continuum has been debated. We report here that the task-context ("splitter") feature is highly variable along both trial and spatial position axes. Neurons acquire or lose splitter features across trials even when place field features remain unaltered. Multiple place fields of the same neuron can individually encode both past or future run trajectories, implying that splitter fields are under the control of assembly activity. Place fields can be differentiated into subfields by the behavioral choice of the animal, and splitting within subfields evolves across trials. Interneurons also differentiate choices by integrating inputs from pyramidal cells. Finally, bilateral optogenetic inactivation of the medial entorhinal cortex reversibly decreases the fraction of splitter fields. Our findings suggest that place or splitter features are different manifestations of the same hippocampal computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Varga
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Subcortical Modulation Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine - Hungarian Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Petersen
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ipshita Zutshi
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roman Huszar
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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19
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Kuroki S, Mizuseki K. CA3 Circuit Model Compressing Sequential Information in Theta Oscillation and Replay. Neural Comput 2024; 36:501-548. [PMID: 38457750 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus plays a critical role in the compression and retrieval of sequential information. During wakefulness, it achieves this through theta phase precession and theta sequences. Subsequently, during periods of sleep or rest, the compressed information reactivates through sharp-wave ripple events, manifesting as memory replay. However, how these sequential neuronal activities are generated and how they store information about the external environment remain unknown. We developed a hippocampal cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) computational model based on anatomical and electrophysiological evidence from the biological CA3 circuit to address these questions. The model comprises theta rhythm inhibition, place input, and CA3-CA3 plastic recurrent connection. The model can compress the sequence of the external inputs, reproduce theta phase precession and replay, learn additional sequences, and reorganize previously learned sequences. A gradual increase in synaptic inputs, controlled by interactions between theta-paced inhibition and place inputs, explained the mechanism of sequence acquisition. This model highlights the crucial role of plasticity in the CA3 recurrent connection and theta oscillational dynamics and hypothesizes how the CA3 circuit acquires, compresses, and replays sequential information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kuroki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Mizuseki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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20
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Santiago RMM, Lopes-Dos-Santos V, Aery Jones EA, Huang Y, Dupret D, Tort ABL. Waveform-based classification of dentate spikes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2989. [PMID: 38316828 PMCID: PMC10844627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Synchronous excitatory discharges from the entorhinal cortex (EC) to the dentate gyrus (DG) generate fast and prominent patterns in the hilar local field potential (LFP), called dentate spikes (DSs). As sharp-wave ripples in CA1, DSs are more likely to occur in quiet behavioral states, when memory consolidation is thought to take place. However, their functions in mnemonic processes are yet to be elucidated. The classification of DSs into types 1 or 2 is determined by their origin in the lateral or medial EC, as revealed by current source density (CSD) analysis, which requires recordings from linear probes with multiple electrodes spanning the DG layers. To allow the investigation of the functional role of each DS type in recordings obtained from single electrodes and tetrodes, which are abundant in the field, we developed an unsupervised method using Gaussian mixture models to classify such events based on their waveforms. Our classification approach achieved high accuracies (> 80%) when validated in 8 mice with DG laminar profiles. The average CSDs, waveforms, rates, and widths of the DS types obtained through our method closely resembled those derived from the CSD-based classification. As an example of application, we used the technique to analyze single-electrode LFPs from apolipoprotein (apo) E3 and apoE4 knock-in mice. We observed that the latter group, which is a model for Alzheimer's disease, exhibited wider DSs of both types from a young age, with a larger effect size for DS type 2, likely reflecting early pathophysiological alterations in the EC-DG network, such as hyperactivity. In addition to the applicability of the method in expanding the study of DS types, our results show that their waveforms carry information about their origins, suggesting different underlying network dynamics and roles in memory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo M M Santiago
- Computational Neurophysiology Lab, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078-900, Brazil.
| | - Vítor Lopes-Dos-Santos
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emily A Aery Jones
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yadong Huang
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - David Dupret
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adriano B L Tort
- Computational Neurophysiology Lab, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078-900, Brazil
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21
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Jiang S, Liu B, Lin K, Li L, Li R, Tan S, Zhang X, Jiang L, Ni H, Wang Y, Ding H, Hu J, Qian H, Ge R. Impacted spike frequency adaptation associated with reduction of KCNQ2/3 exacerbates seizure activity in temporal lobe epilepsy. Hippocampus 2024; 34:58-72. [PMID: 38049972 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Numerous epilepsy-related genes have been identified in recent decades by unbiased genome-wide screens. However, the available druggable targets for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) remain limited. Furthermore, a substantial pool of candidate genes potentially applicable to TLE therapy awaits further validation. In this study, we reveal the significant role of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3, two M-type potassium channel genes, in the onset of seizures in TLE. Our investigation began with a quantitative analysis of two publicly available TLE patient databases to establish a correlation between seizure onset and the downregulated expression of KCNQ2/3. We then replicated these pathological changes in a pilocarpine seizure mouse model and observed a decrease in spike frequency adaptation due to the affected M-currents in dentate gyrus granule neurons. In addition, we performed a small-scale simulation of the dentate gyrus network and confirmed that the impaired spike frequency adaptation of granule cells facilitated epileptiform activity throughout the network. This, in turn, resulted in prolonged seizure duration and reduced interictal intervals. Our findings shed light on an underlying mechanism contributing to ictogenesis in the TLE hippocampus and suggest a promising target for the development of antiepileptic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaiwen Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lianjun Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shuo Tan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Haihu Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Qian
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongjing Ge
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Laboratory of Brain and Psychiatric Disease, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
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22
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Hainmueller T, Cazala A, Huang LW, Bartos M. Subfield-specific interneuron circuits govern the hippocampal response to novelty in male mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:714. [PMID: 38267409 PMCID: PMC10808551 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44882-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is the brain's center for episodic memories. Its subregions, the dentate gyrus and CA1-3, are differentially involved in memory encoding and recall. Hippocampal principal cells represent episodic features like movement, space, and context, but less is known about GABAergic interneurons. Here, we performed two-photon calcium imaging of parvalbumin- and somatostatin-expressing interneurons in the dentate gyrus and CA1-3 of male mice exploring virtual environments. Parvalbumin-interneurons increased activity with running-speed and reduced it in novel environments. Somatostatin-interneurons in CA1-3 behaved similar to parvalbumin-expressing cells, but their dentate gyrus counterparts increased activity during rest and in novel environments. Congruently, chemogenetic silencing of dentate parvalbumin-interneurons had prominent effects in familiar contexts, while silencing somatostatin-expressing cells increased similarity of granule cell representations between novel and familiar environments. Our data indicate unique roles for parvalbumin- and somatostatin-positive interneurons in the dentate gyrus that are distinct from those in CA1-3 and may support routing of novel information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hainmueller
- Institute for Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, 435 East 30th Street, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Aurore Cazala
- Institute for Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Li-Wen Huang
- Institute for Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Bartos
- Institute for Physiology I, University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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23
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Tuncdemir SN, Grosmark AD, Chung H, Luna VM, Lacefield CO, Losonczy A, Hen R. Adult-born granule cells facilitate remapping of spatial and non-spatial representations in the dentate gyrus. Neuron 2023; 111:4024-4039.e7. [PMID: 37820723 PMCID: PMC10841867 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Adult-born granule cells (abGCs) have been implicated in memory discrimination through a neural computation known as pattern separation. Here, using in vivo Ca2+ imaging, we examined how chronic ablation or acute chemogenetic silencing of abGCs affects the activity of mature granule cells (mGCs). In both cases, we observed altered remapping of mGCs. Rather than broadly modulating the activity of all mGCs, abGCs promote the remapping of place cells' firing fields while increasing rate remapping of mGCs that represent sensory cues. In turn, these remapping deficits are associated with behavioral impairments in animals' ability to correctly identify new goal locations. Thus, abGCs facilitate pattern separation through the formation of non-overlapping representations for identical sensory cues encountered in different locations. In the absence of abGCs, the dentate gyrus shifts to a state that is dominated by cue information, a situation that is consistent with the overgeneralization often observed in anxiety or age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebnem N Tuncdemir
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andres D Grosmark
- Department of Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Hannah Chung
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Victor M Luna
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Clay O Lacefield
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Attila Losonczy
- Department of Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rene Hen
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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24
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Grigoryan G, Harada H, Knobloch-Bollmann HS, Kilias A, Kaufhold D, Kulik A, Eyre MD, Bartos M. Synaptic plasticity at the dentate gyrus granule cell to somatostatin-expressing interneuron synapses supports object location memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312752120. [PMID: 38091292 PMCID: PMC10742375 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312752120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin-expressing interneurons (SOMIs) in the mouse dentate gyrus (DG) receive feedforward excitation from granule cell (GC) mossy fiber (MF) synapses and provide feedback lateral inhibition onto GC dendrites to support environment representation in the DG network. Although this microcircuitry has been implicated in memory formation, little is known about activity-dependent plastic changes at MF-SOMI synapses and their influence on behavior. Here, we report that the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1α (mGluR1α) is required for the induction of associative long-term potentiation (LTP) at MF-SOMI synapses. Pharmacological block of mGluR1α, but not mGluR5, prevented synaptic weight changes. LTP at MF-SOMI synapses was postsynaptically induced, required increased intracellular Ca2+, involved G-protein-mediated and Ca2+-dependent (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) ERK1/2 pathways, and the activation of NMDA receptors. Specific knockdown of mGluR1α in DG-SOMIs by small hairpin RNA expression prevented MF-SOMI LTP, reduced SOMI recruitment, and impaired object location memory. Thus, postsynaptic mGluR1α-mediated MF-plasticity at SOMI input synapses critically supports DG-dependent mnemonic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayane Grigoryan
- Laboratory of Systems & Cellular Neuroscience, Institute for Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79104, Germany
| | - Harumi Harada
- Molecular Physiology, Institute for Physiology II, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79104, Germany
| | - H. Sophie Knobloch-Bollmann
- Laboratory of Systems & Cellular Neuroscience, Institute for Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79104, Germany
| | - Antje Kilias
- Laboratory of Systems & Cellular Neuroscience, Institute for Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79104, Germany
| | - Dorthe Kaufhold
- Laboratory of Systems & Cellular Neuroscience, Institute for Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79104, Germany
| | - Akos Kulik
- Molecular Physiology, Institute for Physiology II, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79104, Germany
| | - Mark D. Eyre
- Laboratory of Systems & Cellular Neuroscience, Institute for Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79104, Germany
| | - Marlene Bartos
- Laboratory of Systems & Cellular Neuroscience, Institute for Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79104, Germany
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25
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Gulfo MC, Lebowitz JJ, Ramos C, Hwang DW, Nasrallah K, Castillo PE. Dopamine D2 receptors in hilar mossy cells regulate excitatory transmission and hippocampal function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2307509120. [PMID: 38064513 PMCID: PMC10723153 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307509120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hilar mossy cells (MCs) are principal excitatory neurons of the dentate gyrus (DG) that play critical roles in hippocampal function and have been implicated in brain disorders such as anxiety and epilepsy. However, the mechanisms by which MCs contribute to DG function and disease are poorly understood. A defining feature of MCs is the promoter activity of the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) gene (Drd2), and previous work indicates a key role for dopaminergic signaling in the DG. Additionally, the involvement of D2R signaling in cognition and neuropsychiatric conditions is well known. Surprisingly, though, the function of MC D2Rs remains largely unexplored. In this study, we show that selective and conditional removal of Drd2 from MCs of adult mice impaired spatial memory, promoted anxiety-like behavior, and was proconvulsant. To determine the subcellular expression of D2Rs in MCs, we used a D2R knockin mouse which revealed that D2Rs are enriched in the inner molecular layer of the DG, where MCs establish synaptic contacts with granule cells (GCs). D2R activation by exogenous and endogenous dopamine reduced MC to dentate GC synaptic transmission, most likely by a presynaptic mechanism. In contrast, exogenous dopamine had no significant impact on MC excitatory inputs and passive and active properties. Our findings support that MC D2Rs are essential for proper DG function by reducing MC excitatory drive onto GCs. Lastly, impairment of MC D2R signaling could promote anxiety and epilepsy, therefore highlighting a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C. Gulfo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Joseph J. Lebowitz
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR97239
| | - Czarina Ramos
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Dong-Woo Hwang
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Kaoutsar Nasrallah
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
| | - Pablo E. Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY10461
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26
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Santiago RM, Lopes-dos-Santos V, Jones EAA, Huang Y, Dupret D, Tort AB. Waveform-based classification of dentate spikes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.24.563826. [PMID: 37961150 PMCID: PMC10634814 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.563826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Synchronous excitatory discharges from the entorhinal cortex (EC) to the dentate gyrus (DG) generate fast and prominent patterns in the hilar local field potential (LFP), called dentate spikes (DSs). As sharp-wave ripples in CA1, DSs are more likely to occur in quiet behavioral states, when memory consolidation is thought to take place. However, their functions in mnemonic processes are yet to be elucidated. The classification of DSs into types 1 or 2 is determined by their origin in the lateral or medial EC, as revealed by current source density (CSD) analysis, which requires recordings from linear probes with multiple electrodes spanning the DG layers. To allow the investigation of the functional role of each DS type in recordings obtained from single electrodes and tetrodes, which are abundant in the field, we developed an unsupervised method using Gaussian mixture models to classify such events based on their waveforms. Our classification approach achieved high accuracies (> 80%) when validated in 8 mice with DG laminar profiles. The average CSDs, waveforms, rates, and widths of the DS types obtained through our method closely resembled those derived from the CSD-based classification. As an example of application, we used the technique to analyze single-electrode LFPs from apolipoprotein (apo) E3 and apoE4 knock-in mice. We observed that the latter group, which is a model for Alzheimer's disease, exhibited wider DSs of both types from a young age, with a larger effect size for DS type 2, likely reflecting early pathophysiological alterations in the EC-DG network, such as hyperactivity. In addition to the applicability of the method in expanding the study of DS types, our results show that their waveforms carry information about their origins, suggesting different underlying network dynamics and roles in memory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo M.M. Santiago
- Computational Neurophysiology Lab, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Vítor Lopes-dos-Santos
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emily A. Aery Jones
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yadong Huang
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David Dupret
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adriano B.L. Tort
- Computational Neurophysiology Lab, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078-900, Brazil
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27
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Robert V, O'Neil K, Rashid SK, Johnson CD, De La Torre RG, Zemelman BV, Clopath C, Basu J. Entorhinal cortex glutamatergic and GABAergic projections bidirectionally control discrimination and generalization of hippocampal representations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.08.566107. [PMID: 37986793 PMCID: PMC10659280 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.08.566107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Discrimination and generalization are crucial brain-wide functions for memory and object recognition that utilize pattern separation and completion computations. Circuit mechanisms supporting these operations remain enigmatic. We show lateral entorhinal cortex glutamatergic (LEC GLU ) and GABAergic (LEC GABA ) projections are essential for object recognition memory. Silencing LEC GLU during in vivo two-photon imaging increased the population of active CA3 pyramidal cells but decreased activity rates, suggesting a sparse coding function through local inhibition. Silencing LEC GLU also decreased place cell remapping between different environments validating this circuit drives pattern separation and context discrimination. Optogenetic circuit mapping confirmed that LEC GLU drives dominant feedforward inhibition to prevent CA3 somatic and dendritic spikes. However, conjunctively active LEC GABA suppresses this local inhibition to disinhibit CA3 pyramidal neuron soma and selectively boost integrative output of LEC and CA3 recurrent network. LEC GABA thus promotes pattern completion and context generalization. Indeed, without this disinhibitory input, CA3 place maps show decreased similarity between contexts. Our findings provide circuit mechanisms whereby long-range glutamatergic and GABAergic cortico-hippocampal inputs bidirectionally modulate pattern separation and completion, providing neuronal representations with a dynamic range for context discrimination and generalization.
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28
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Schmill LP, Bohle K, Röhrdanz N, Schiffelholz T, Balueva K, Wulff P. Regional and interhemispheric differences of neuronal representations in dentate gyrus and CA3 inferred from expression of zif268. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18443. [PMID: 37891194 PMCID: PMC10611715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal formation is one of the best studied brain regions for spatial and mnemonic representations. These representations have been reported to differ in their properties for individual hippocampal subregions. One approach that allows the detection of neuronal representations is immediate early gene imaging, which relies on the visualization of genomic responses of activated neuronal populations, so called engrams. This method permits the within-animal comparison of neuronal representations across different subregions. In this work, we have used compartmental analysis of temporal activity by fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (catFISH) of the immediate early gene zif268/erg1 to compare neuronal representations between subdivisions of the dentate gyrus and CA3 upon exploration of different contexts. Our findings give an account of subregion-specific ensemble sizes. We confirm previous results regarding disambiguation abilities in dentate gyrus and CA3 but in addition report novel findings: Although ensemble sizes in the lower blade of the dentate gyrus are significantly smaller than in the upper blade both blades are responsive to environmental change. Beyond this, we show significant differences in the representation of familiar and novel environments along the longitudinal axis of dorsal CA3 and most interestingly between CA3 regions of both hemispheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars-Patrick Schmill
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, UKSH, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Bohle
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Klinikum Frankfurt Höchst GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Niels Röhrdanz
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Schiffelholz
- Center of Integrative Psychiatry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kira Balueva
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Peer Wulff
- Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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29
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Lisgaras CP, Scharfman HE. Interictal spikes in Alzheimer's disease: Preclinical evidence for dominance of the dentate gyrus and cholinergic control by the medial septum. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106294. [PMID: 37714307 PMCID: PMC10617404 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interictal spikes (IIS) are a common type of abnormal electrical activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and preclinical models. The brain regions where IIS are largest are not known but are important because such data would suggest sites that contribute to IIS generation. Because hippocampus and cortex exhibit altered excitability in AD models, we asked which areas dominate the activity during IIS along the cortical-CA1-dentate gyrus (DG) dorso-ventral axis. Because medial septal (MS) cholinergic neurons are overactive when IIS typically occur, we also tested the novel hypothesis that silencing the MS cholinergic neurons selectively would reduce IIS. We used mice that simulate aspects of AD: Tg2576 mice, presenilin 2 (PS2) knockout mice and Ts65Dn mice. To selectively silence MS cholinergic neurons, Tg2576 mice were bred with choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT)-Cre mice and offspring were injected in the MS with AAV encoding inhibitory designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs). We recorded local field potentials along the cortical-CA1-DG axis using silicon probes during wakefulness, slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. We detected IIS in all transgenic or knockout mice but not age-matched controls. IIS were detectable throughout the cortical-CA1-DG axis and occurred primarily during REM sleep. In all 3 mouse lines, IIS amplitudes were significantly greater in the DG granule cell layer vs. CA1 pyramidal layer or overlying cortex. Current source density analysis showed robust and early current sources in the DG, and additional sources in CA1 and the cortex also. Selective chemogenetic silencing of MS cholinergic neurons significantly reduced IIS rate during REM sleep without affecting the overall duration, number of REM bouts, latency to REM sleep, or theta power during REM. Notably, two control interventions showed no effects. Consistent maximal amplitude and strong current sources of IIS in the DG suggest that the DG is remarkably active during IIS. In addition, selectively reducing MS cholinergic tone, at times when MS is hyperactive, could be a new strategy to reduce IIS in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Panagiotis Lisgaras
- Departments of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology, and Psychiatry, and the Neuroscience Institute New York University Langone Health, 550 First Ave., New York, NY 10016, United States of America; Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York State Office of Mental Health, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Bldg. 35, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States of America.
| | - Helen E Scharfman
- Departments of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology, and Psychiatry, and the Neuroscience Institute New York University Langone Health, 550 First Ave., New York, NY 10016, United States of America; Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York State Office of Mental Health, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Bldg. 35, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States of America
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30
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Hung YC, Wu YJ, Chien ME, Lin YT, Tsai CF, Hsu KS. Loss of oxytocin receptors in hilar mossy cells impairs social discrimination. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106311. [PMID: 37769745 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal oxytocin receptor (OXTR) signaling is crucial for discrimination of social stimuli to guide social recognition, but circuit mechanisms and cell types involved remain incompletely understood. Here, we report a role for OXTR-expressing hilar mossy cells (MCs) of the dentate gyrus in social stimulus discrimination by regulating granule cell (GC) activity. Using a Cre-loxP recombination approach, we found that ablation of Oxtr from MCs impairs discrimination of social, but not object, stimuli in adult male mice. Ablation of MC Oxtr increases spontaneous firing rate of GCs, synaptic excitation to inhibition ratio of MC-to-GC circuit, and GC firing when temporally associated with the lateral perforant path inputs. Using mouse hippocampal slices, we found that bath application of OXTR agonist [Thr4,Gly7]-oxytocin causes membrane depolarization and increases MC firing activity. Optogenetic activation of MC-to-GC circuit ameliorates social discrimination deficit in MC OXTR deficient mice. Together, our results uncover a previously unknown role of MC OXTR signaling for discrimination of social stimuli and delineate a MC-to-GC circuit responsible for social information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70457, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Er Chien
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70457, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Tsai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60002, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Kuei-Sen Hsu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
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31
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Trinh AT, Girardi-Schappo M, Béïque JC, Longtin A, Maler L. Adaptive spike threshold dynamics associated with sparse spiking of hilar mossy cells are captured by a simple model. J Physiol 2023; 601:4397-4422. [PMID: 37676904 DOI: 10.1113/jp283728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hilar mossy cells (hMCs) in the dentate gyrus (DG) receive inputs from DG granule cells (GCs), CA3 pyramidal cells and inhibitory interneurons, and provide feedback input to GCs. Behavioural and in vivo recording experiments implicate hMCs in pattern separation, navigation and spatial learning. Our experiments link hMC intrinsic excitability to their synaptically evoked in vivo spiking outputs. We performed electrophysiological recordings from DG neurons and found that hMCs displayed an adaptative spike threshold that increased both in proportion to the intensity of injected currents, and in response to spiking itself, returning to baseline over a long time scale, thereby instantaneously limiting their firing rate responses. The hMC activity is additionally limited by a prominent medium after-hyperpolarizing potential (AHP) generated by small conductance K+ channels. We hypothesize that these intrinsic hMC properties are responsible for their low in vivo firing rates. Our findings extend previous studies that compare hMCs, CA3 pyramidal cells and hilar inhibitory cells and provide novel quantitative data that contrast the intrinsic properties of these cell types. We developed a phenomenological exponential integrate-and-fire model that closely reproduces the hMC adaptive threshold nonlinearities with respect to their threshold dependence on input current intensity, evoked spike latency and long-lasting spike-induced increase in spike threshold. Our robust and computationally efficient model is amenable to incorporation into large network models of the DG that will deepen our understanding of the neural bases of pattern separation, spatial navigation and learning. KEY POINTS: Previous studies have shown that hilar mossy cells (hMCs) are implicated in pattern separation and the formation of spatial memory, but how their intrinsic properties relate to their in vivo spiking patterns is still unknown. Here we show that the hMCs display electrophysiological properties that distinguish them from the other hilar cell types including a highly adaptive spike threshold that decays slowly. The spike-dependent increase in threshold combined with an after-hyperpolarizing potential mediated by a slow K+ conductance is hypothesized to be responsible for the low-firing rate of the hMC observed in vivo. The hMC's features are well captured by a modified stochastic exponential integrate-and-fire model that has the unique feature of a threshold intrinsically dependant on both the stimulus intensity and the spiking history. This computational model will allow future work to study how the hMCs can contribute to spatial memory formation and navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Tuan Trinh
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Trøndelag, Norway
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mauricio Girardi-Schappo
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Béïque
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Center for Neural Dynamics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - André Longtin
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Center for Neural Dynamics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonard Maler
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Center for Neural Dynamics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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32
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Müller-Komorowska D, Kuru B, Beck H, Braganza O. Phase information is conserved in sparse, synchronous population-rate-codes via phase-to-rate recoding. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6106. [PMID: 37777512 PMCID: PMC10543394 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural computation is often traced in terms of either rate- or phase-codes. However, most circuit operations will simultaneously affect information across both coding schemes. It remains unclear how phase and rate coded information is transmitted, in the face of continuous modification at consecutive processing stages. Here, we study this question in the entorhinal cortex (EC)- dentate gyrus (DG)- CA3 system using three distinct computational models. We demonstrate that DG feedback inhibition leverages EC phase information to improve rate-coding, a computation we term phase-to-rate recoding. Our results suggest that it i) supports the conservation of phase information within sparse rate-codes and ii) enhances the efficiency of plasticity in downstream CA3 via increased synchrony. Given the ubiquity of both phase-coding and feedback circuits, our results raise the question whether phase-to-rate recoding is a recurring computational motif, which supports the generation of sparse, synchronous population-rate-codes in areas beyond the DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Müller-Komorowska
- Neural Coding and Brain Computing Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
- Institute for Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Baris Kuru
- Institute for Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Heinz Beck
- Institute for Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Braganza
- Institute for Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- Institute for Socio-Economics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
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33
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Vanrobaeys Y, Mukherjee U, Langmack L, Beyer SE, Bahl E, Lin LC, Michaelson JJ, Abel T, Chatterjee S. Mapping the spatial transcriptomic signature of the hippocampus during memory consolidation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6100. [PMID: 37773230 PMCID: PMC10541893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory consolidation involves discrete patterns of transcriptional events in the hippocampus. Despite the emergence of single-cell transcriptomic profiling techniques, mapping the transcriptomic signature across subregions of the hippocampus has remained challenging. Here, we utilized unbiased spatial sequencing to delineate transcriptome-wide gene expression changes across subregions of the dorsal hippocampus of male mice following learning. We find that each subregion of the hippocampus exhibits distinct yet overlapping transcriptomic signatures. The CA1 region exhibited increased expression of genes related to transcriptional regulation, while the DG showed upregulation of genes associated with protein folding. Importantly, our approach enabled us to define the transcriptomic signature of learning within two less-defined hippocampal subregions, CA1 stratum radiatum, and oriens. We demonstrated that CA1 subregion-specific expression of a transcription factor subfamily has a critical functional role in the consolidation of long-term memory. This work demonstrates the power of spatial molecular approaches to reveal simultaneous transcriptional events across the hippocampus during memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Vanrobaeys
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Utsav Mukherjee
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Lucy Langmack
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Stacy E Beyer
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ethan Bahl
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Li-Chun Lin
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jacob J Michaelson
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ted Abel
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Snehajyoti Chatterjee
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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34
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Mugnaini M, Trinchero MF, Schinder AF, Piatti VC, Kropff E. Unique potential of immature adult-born neurons for the remodeling of CA3 spatial maps. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113086. [PMID: 37676761 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian hippocampal circuits undergo extensive remodeling through adult neurogenesis. While this process has been widely studied, the specific contribution of adult-born granule cells (aGCs) to spatial operations in the hippocampus remains unknown. Here, we show that optogenetic activation of 4-week-old (young) aGCs in free-foraging mice produces a non-reversible reconfiguration of spatial maps in proximal CA3 while rarely evoking neural activity. Stimulation of the same neuronal cohort on subsequent days recruits CA3 neurons with increased efficacy but fails to induce further remapping. In contrast, stimulation of 8-week-old (mature) aGCs can reliably activate CA3 cells but produces no alterations in spatial maps. Our results reveal a unique role of young aGCs in remodeling CA3 representations, a potential that can be depleted and is lost with maturation. This ability could contribute to generate orthogonalized downstream codes supporting pattern separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Mugnaini
- Department of Physiology, Molecular and Cellular Biology Dr. Héctor Maldonado, Faculty of Exact and Natural Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Laboratory of Physiology and Algorithms of the Brain, Leloir Institute (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Mariela F Trinchero
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, Leloir Institute (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Alejandro F Schinder
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, Leloir Institute (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina.
| | - Verónica C Piatti
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, Leloir Institute (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina.
| | - Emilio Kropff
- Laboratory of Physiology and Algorithms of the Brain, Leloir Institute (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina.
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35
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Corrubia L, Huang A, Nguyen S, Shiflett MW, Jones MV, Ewell LA, Santhakumar V. Early Deficits in Dentate Circuit and Behavioral Pattern Separation after Concussive Brain Injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.22.546120. [PMID: 37745454 PMCID: PMC10515770 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.22.546120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury leads to cellular and circuit changes in the dentate gyrus, a gateway to hippocampal information processing. Intrinsic granule cell firing properties and strong feedback inhibition in the dentate are proposed as critical to its ability to generate unique representation of similar inputs by a process known as pattern separation. Here we evaluate the impact of brain injury on cellular decorrelation of temporally patterned inputs in slices and behavioral discrimination of spatial locations in vivo one week after concussive lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) in mice. Despite posttraumatic increases in perforant path evoked excitatory drive to granule cells and enhanced ΔFosB labeling, indicating sustained increase in excitability, the reliability of granule cell spiking was not compromised after FPI. Although granule cells continued to effectively decorrelate output spike trains recorded in response to similar temporally patterned input sets after FPI, their ability to decorrelate highly similar input patterns was reduced. In parallel, encoding of similar spatial locations in a novel object location task that involves the dentate inhibitory circuits was impaired one week after FPI. Injury induced changes in pattern separation were accompanied by loss of somatostatin expressing inhibitory neurons in the hilus. Together, these data suggest that the early posttraumatic changes in the dentate circuit undermine dentate circuit decorrelation of temporal input patterns as well as behavioral discrimination of similar spatial locations, both of which could contribute to deficits in episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Corrubia
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Andrew Huang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Susan Nguyen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - Mathew V. Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705
| | - Laura A. Ewell
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Vijayalakshmi Santhakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
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36
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Zutshi I, Buzsáki G. Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and their spike assembly content are regulated by the medial entorhinal cortex. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3648-3659.e4. [PMID: 37572665 PMCID: PMC10530523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SPW-Rs) are critical for memory consolidation and retrieval. The neuronal content of spiking during SPW-Rs is believed to be under the influence of neocortical inputs via the entorhinal cortex (EC). Optogenetic silencing of the medial EC (mEC) reduced the incidence of SPW-Rs with minor impacts on their magnitude or duration, similar to local CA1 silencing. The effect of mEC silencing on CA1 firing and field potentials was comparable to the effect of transient cortex-wide DOWN states of non-REM (NREM) sleep, implying that decreased SPW-R incidence in both cases is due to tonic disfacilitation of hippocampal circuits. The neuronal composition of CA1 pyramidal neurons during SPW-Rs was altered by mEC silencing but was restored immediately after silencing. We suggest that the mEC provides both tonic and transient influences on hippocampal network states by timing the occurrence of SPW-Rs and altering their neuronal content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipshita Zutshi
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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37
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Tan L, Shi J, Moghadami S, Parasar B, Wright CP, Seo Y, Vallejo K, Cobos I, Duncan L, Chen R, Deisseroth K. Lifelong restructuring of 3D genome architecture in cerebellar granule cells. Science 2023; 381:1112-1119. [PMID: 37676945 PMCID: PMC11059189 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The cerebellum contains most of the neurons in the human brain and exhibits distinctive modes of development and aging. In this work, by developing our single-cell three-dimensional (3D) genome assay-diploid chromosome conformation capture, or Dip-C-into population-scale (Pop-C) and virus-enriched (vDip-C) modes, we resolved the first 3D genome structures of single cerebellar cells, created life-spanning 3D genome atlases for both humans and mice, and jointly measured transcriptome and chromatin accessibility during development. We found that although the transcriptome and chromatin accessibility of cerebellar granule neurons mature in early postnatal life, 3D genome architecture gradually remodels throughout life, establishing ultra-long-range intrachromosomal contacts and specific interchromosomal contacts that are rarely seen in neurons. These results reveal unexpected evolutionarily conserved molecular processes that underlie distinctive features of neural development and aging across the mammalian life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longzhi Tan
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Jenny Shi
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Siavash Moghadami
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Bibudha Parasar
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Cydney P. Wright
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Yunji Seo
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Kristen Vallejo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Inma Cobos
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Laramie Duncan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Ritchie Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, 94305
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38
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Borzello M, Ramirez S, Treves A, Lee I, Scharfman H, Stark C, Knierim JJ, Rangel LM. Assessments of dentate gyrus function: discoveries and debates. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:502-517. [PMID: 37316588 PMCID: PMC10529488 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There has been considerable speculation regarding the function of the dentate gyrus (DG) - a subregion of the mammalian hippocampus - in learning and memory. In this Perspective article, we compare leading theories of DG function. We note that these theories all critically rely on the generation of distinct patterns of activity in the region to signal differences between experiences and to reduce interference between memories. However, these theories are divided by the roles they attribute to the DG during learning and recall and by the contributions they ascribe to specific inputs or cell types within the DG. These differences influence the information that the DG is thought to impart to downstream structures. We work towards a holistic view of the role of DG in learning and memory by first developing three critical questions to foster a dialogue between the leading theories. We then evaluate the extent to which previous studies address our questions, highlight remaining areas of conflict, and suggest future experiments to bridge these theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Borzello
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steve Ramirez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Inah Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Helen Scharfman
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiology and Psychiatry and the Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Craig Stark
- Department of Neurobiology and Behaviour, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - James J Knierim
- Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lara M Rangel
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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39
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Lenz M, Eichler A, Kruse P, Galanis C, Kleidonas D, Andrieux G, Boerries M, Jedlicka P, Müller U, Deller T, Vlachos A. The Amyloid Precursor Protein Regulates Synaptic Transmission at Medial Perforant Path Synapses. J Neurosci 2023; 43:5290-5304. [PMID: 37369586 PMCID: PMC10359033 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1824-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The perforant path provides the primary cortical excitatory input to the hippocampus. Because of its important role in information processing and coding, entorhinal projections to the dentate gyrus have been studied in considerable detail. Nevertheless, synaptic transmission between individual connected pairs of entorhinal stellate cells and dentate granule cells remains to be characterized. Here, we have used mouse organotypic entorhino-hippocampal tissue cultures of either sex, in which the entorhinal cortex (EC) to dentate granule cell (GC; EC-GC) projection is present, and EC-GC pairs can be studied using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. By using cultures of wild-type mice, the properties of EC-GC synapses formed by afferents from the lateral and medial entorhinal cortex were compared, and differences in short-term plasticity were identified. As the perforant path is severely affected in Alzheimer's disease, we used tissue cultures of amyloid precursor protein (APP)-deficient mice to examine the role of APP at this synapse. APP deficiency altered excitatory neurotransmission at medial perforant path synapses, which was accompanied by transcriptomic and ultrastructural changes. Moreover, presynaptic but not postsynaptic APP deletion through the local injection of Cre-expressing adeno-associated viruses in conditional APPflox/flox tissue cultures increased the neurotransmission efficacy at perforant path synapses. In summary, these data suggest a physiological role for presynaptic APP at medial perforant path synapses that may be adversely affected under altered APP processing conditions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The hippocampus receives input from the entorhinal cortex via the perforant path. These projections to hippocampal dentate granule cells are of utmost importance for learning and memory formation. Although there is detailed knowledge about perforant path projections, the functional synaptic properties at the level of individual connected pairs of neurons are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the role of APP in mediating functional properties and transmission rules in individually connected neurons using paired whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and genetic tools in organotypic tissue cultures. Our results show that presynaptic APP expression limits excitatory neurotransmission via the perforant path, which could be compromised in pathologic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Lenz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Amelie Eichler
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pia Kruse
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christos Galanis
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Kleidonas
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Jedlicka
- Interdisciplinary Centre for 3Rs in Animal Research, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulrike Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Functional Genomics, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Deller
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Vlachos
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Rahsepar B, Norman JF, Noueihed J, Lahner B, Quick MH, Ghaemi K, Pandya A, Fernandez FR, Ramirez S, White JA. Theta-phase-specific modulation of dentate gyrus memory neurons. eLife 2023; 12:e82697. [PMID: 37401757 PMCID: PMC10361715 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The theta rhythm, a quasi-periodic 4-10 Hz oscillation, is observed during memory processing in the hippocampus, with different phases of theta hypothesized to separate independent streams of information related to the encoding and recall of memories. At the cellular level, the discovery of hippocampal memory cells (engram neurons), as well as the modulation of memory recall through optogenetic activation of these cells, has provided evidence that certain memories are stored, in part, in a sparse ensemble of neurons in the hippocampus. In previous research, however, engram reactivation has been carried out using open-loop stimulation at fixed frequencies; the relationship between engram neuron reactivation and ongoing network oscillations has not been taken into consideration. To address this concern, we implemented a closed-loop reactivation of engram neurons that enabled phase-specific stimulation relative to theta oscillations in the local field potential in CA1. Using this real-time approach, we tested the impact of activating dentate gyrus engram neurons during the peak (encoding phase) and trough (recall phase) of theta oscillations. Consistent with previously hypothesized functions of theta oscillations in memory function, we show that stimulating dentate gyrus engram neurons at the trough of theta is more effective in eliciting behavioral recall than either fixed-frequency stimulation or stimulation at the peak of theta. Moreover, phase-specific trough stimulation is accompanied by an increase in the coupling between gamma and theta oscillations in CA1 hippocampus. Our results provide a causal link between phase-specific activation of engram cells and the behavioral expression of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Rahsepar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Neurophotonics Center, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Biology, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Jacob F Norman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Neurophotonics Center, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Jad Noueihed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Neurophotonics Center, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Benjamin Lahner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Melanie H Quick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Kevin Ghaemi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Aashna Pandya
- Department of Biology, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Fernando R Fernandez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Neurophotonics Center, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Steve Ramirez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Neurophotonics Center, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - John A White
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Neurophotonics Center, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
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41
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Zichó K, Sos KE, Papp P, Barth AM, Misák E, Orosz Á, Mayer MI, Sebestény RZ, Nyiri G. Fear memory recall involves hippocampal somatostatin interneurons. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002154. [PMID: 37289847 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fear-related memory traces are encoded by sparse populations of hippocampal principal neurons that are recruited based on their inhibitory-excitatory balance during memory formation. Later, the reactivation of the same principal neurons can recall the memory. The details of this mechanism are still unclear. Here, we investigated whether disinhibition could play a major role in this process. Using optogenetic behavioral experiments, we found that when fear was associated with the inhibition of mouse hippocampal somatostatin positive interneurons, the re-inhibition of the same interneurons could recall fear memory. Pontine nucleus incertus neurons selectively inhibit hippocampal somatostatin cells. We also found that when fear was associated with the activity of these incertus neurons or fibers, the reactivation of the same incertus neurons or fibers could also recall fear memory. These incertus neurons showed correlated activity with hippocampal principal neurons during memory recall and were strongly innervated by memory-related neocortical centers, from which the inputs could also control hippocampal disinhibition in vivo. Nonselective inhibition of these mouse hippocampal somatostatin or incertus neurons impaired memory recall. Our data suggest a novel disinhibition-based memory mechanism in the hippocampus that is supported by local somatostatin interneurons and their pontine brainstem inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Zichó
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin E Sos
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Papp
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Albert M Barth
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erik Misák
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Áron Orosz
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márton I Mayer
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Z Sebestény
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Nyiri
- Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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Gulfo MC, Lebowitz JJ, Ramos C, Hwang DW, Nasrallah K, Castillo PE. Dopamine D2 receptors in mossy cells reduce excitatory transmission and are essential for hippocampal function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.05.539468. [PMID: 37205586 PMCID: PMC10187294 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.05.539468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hilar mossy cells (MCs) are principal excitatory neurons of the dentate gyrus (DG) that play critical roles in hippocampal function and have been implicated in brain disorders such as anxiety and epilepsy. However, the mechanisms by which MCs contribute to DG function and disease are poorly understood. Expression from the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) gene (Drd2) promoter is a defining feature of MCs, and previous work indicates a key role for dopaminergic signaling in the DG. Additionally, the involvement of D2R signaling in cognition and neuropsychiatric conditions is well-known. Surprisingly, though, the function of MC D2Rs remain largely unexplored. In this study, we show that selective and conditional removal of Drd2 from MCs of adult mice impaired spatial memory, promoted anxiety-like behavior and was proconvulsant. To determine the subcellular expression of D2Rs in MCs, we used a D2R knockin mouse which revealed that D2Rs are enriched in the inner molecular layer of the DG, where MCs establish synaptic contacts with granule cells. D2R activation by exogenous and endogenous dopamine reduced MC to dentate granule cells (GC) synaptic transmission, most likely by a presynaptic mechanism. In contrast, removing Drd2 from MCs had no significant impact on MC excitatory inputs and passive and active properties. Our findings support that MC D2Rs are essential for proper DG function by reducing MC excitatory drive onto GCs. Lastly, impairment of MC D2R signaling could promote anxiety and epilepsy, therefore highlighting a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C. Gulfo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A
| | - Joseph J. Lebowitz
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, U.S.A
| | - Czarina Ramos
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A
| | - Dong-Woo Hwang
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A
| | - Kaoutsar Nasrallah
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A
| | - Pablo E. Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A
- Lead contact
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Mundrucz L, Kecskés A, Henn-Mike N, Kóbor P, Buzás P, Vennekens R, Kecskés M. TRPM4 regulates hilar mossy cell loss in temporal lobe epilepsy. BMC Biol 2023; 21:96. [PMID: 37101159 PMCID: PMC10134545 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mossy cells comprise a large fraction of excitatory neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, and their loss is one of the major hallmarks of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The vulnerability of mossy cells in TLE is well known in animal models as well as in patients; however, the mechanisms leading to cellular death is unclear. RESULTS Transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) is a Ca2+-activated non-selective cation channel regulating diverse physiological functions of excitable cells. Here, we identified that TRPM4 is present in hilar mossy cells and regulates their intrinsic electrophysiological properties including spontaneous activity and action potential dynamics. Furthermore, we showed that TRPM4 contributes to mossy cells death following status epilepticus and therefore modulates seizure susceptibility and epilepsy-related memory deficits. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence for the role of TRPM4 in MC excitability both in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mundrucz
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Angéla Kecskés
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Nóra Henn-Mike
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Péter Kóbor
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Péter Buzás
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Rudi Vennekens
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Biomedical Sciences Group, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven, Louvain, 3000, Belgium
| | - Miklós Kecskés
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
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Kim SH, GoodSmith D, Temme SJ, Moriya F, Ming GL, Christian KM, Song H, Knierim JJ. Global remapping in granule cells and mossy cells of the mouse dentate gyrus. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112334. [PMID: 37043350 PMCID: PMC10564968 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal place cells exhibit spatially modulated firing, or place fields, which can remap to encode changes in the environment or other variables. Unique among hippocampal subregions, the dentate gyrus (DG) has two excitatory populations of place cells, granule cells and mossy cells, which are among the least and most active spatially modulated cells in the hippocampus, respectively. Previous studies of remapping in the DG have drawn different conclusions about whether granule cells exhibit global remapping and contribute to the encoding of context specificity. By recording granule cells and mossy cells as mice foraged in different environments, we found that by most measures, both granule cells and mossy cells remapped robustly but through different mechanisms that are consistent with firing properties of each cell type. Our results resolve the ambiguity surrounding remapping in the DG and suggest that most spatially modulated granule cells contribute to orthogonal representations of distinct spatial contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Kim
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Douglas GoodSmith
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Stephanie J Temme
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fumika Moriya
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Guo-Li Ming
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kimberly M Christian
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - James J Knierim
- Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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45
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Lutzu S, Alviña K, Puente N, Grandes P, Castillo PE. Target cell-specific plasticity rules of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the hippocampus. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1068472. [PMID: 37091922 PMCID: PMC10113460 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1068472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation and depression of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission (NMDAR LTP/LTD) can significantly impact synapse function and information transfer in several brain areas. However, the mechanisms that determine the direction of NMDAR plasticity are poorly understood. Here, using physiologically relevant patterns of presynaptic and postsynaptic burst activities, whole-cell patch clamp recordings, 2-photon laser calcium imaging in acute rat hippocampal slices and immunoelectron microscopy, we tested whether distinct calcium dynamics and group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (I-mGluR) subtypes control the sign of NMDAR plasticity. We found that postsynaptic calcium transients (CaTs) in response to hippocampal MF stimulation were significantly larger during the induction of NMDAR-LTP compared to NMDAR-LTD at the MF-to-CA3 pyramidal cell (MF-CA3) synapse. This difference was abolished by pharmacological blockade of mGluR5 and was significantly reduced by depletion of intracellular calcium stores, whereas blocking mGluR1 had no effect on these CaTs. In addition, we discovered that MF to hilar mossy cell (MF-MC) synapses, which share several structural and functional commonalities with MF-CA3 synapses, also undergoes NMDAR plasticity. To our surprise, however, we found that the postsynaptic distribution of I-mGluR subtypes at these two synapses differ, and the same induction protocol that induces NMDAR-LTD at MF-CA3 synapses, only triggered NMDAR-LTP at MF-MC synapses, despite a comparable calcium dynamics. Thus, postsynaptic calcium dynamics alone cannot predict the sign of NMDAR plasticity, indicating that both postsynaptic calcium rise and the relative contribution of I-mGluR subtypes likely determine the learning rules of NMDAR plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lutzu
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Karina Alviña
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Nagore Puente
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Pedro Grandes
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Pablo E. Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Pablo E. Castillo,
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46
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Wilmerding LK, Kondratyev I, Ramirez S, Hasselmo ME. Route-dependent spatial engram tagging in mouse dentate gyrus. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2023; 200:107738. [PMID: 36822466 PMCID: PMC10106405 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus is hypothesized to act as a pattern separator that distinguishes between similar input patterns during memory formation and retrieval. Sparse ensembles of DG cells associated with learning and memory, i.e. engrams, have been labeled and manipulated to recall novel context memories. Functional studies of DG cell activity have demonstrated the spatial specificity and stability of DG cells during navigation. To reconcile how the DG contributes to separating global context as well as individual navigational routes, we trained mice to perform a delayed-non-match-to-position (DNMP) T-maze task and labeled DG neurons during performance of this task on a novel T-maze. The following day, mice navigated a second environment: the same T-maze, the same T-maze with one route permanently blocked but still visible, or a novel open field. We found that the degree of engram reactivation across days differed based on the traversal of maze routes, such that mice traversing only one arm had higher ensemble overlap than chance but less overlap than mice running the full two-route task. Mice experiencing the open field had similar ensemble sizes to the other groups but only chance-level ensemble reactivation. Ensemble overlap differences could not be explained by behavioral variability across groups, nor did behavioral metrics correlate to degree of ensemble reactivation. Together, these results support the hypothesis that DG contributes to spatial navigation memory and that partially non-overlapping ensembles encode different routes within the context of an environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucius K Wilmerding
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, United States; Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, United States; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, United States.
| | - Ivan Kondratyev
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, United States
| | - Steve Ramirez
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, United States; Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, United States; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, United States
| | - Michael E Hasselmo
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, United States; Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, United States; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, United States
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47
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Kitchigina V, Shubina L. Oscillations in the dentate gyrus as a tool for the performance of the hippocampal functions: Healthy and epileptic brain. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110759. [PMID: 37003419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The dentate gyrus (DG) is part of the hippocampal formation and is essential for important cognitive processes such as navigation and memory. The oscillatory activity of the DG network is believed to play a critical role in cognition. DG circuits generate theta, beta, and gamma rhythms, which participate in the specific information processing performed by DG neurons. In the temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), cognitive abilities are impaired, which may be due to drastic alterations in the DG structure and network activity during epileptogenesis. The theta rhythm and theta coherence are especially vulnerable in dentate circuits; disturbances in DG theta oscillations and their coherence may be responsible for general cognitive impairments observed during epileptogenesis. Some researchers suggested that the vulnerability of DG mossy cells is a key factor in the genesis of TLE, but others did not support this hypothesis. The aim of the review is not only to present the current state of the art in this field of research but to help pave the way for future investigations by highlighting the gaps in our knowledge to completely appreciate the role of DG rhythms in brain functions. Disturbances in oscillatory activity of the DG during TLE development may be a diagnostic marker in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Kitchigina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia.
| | - Liubov Shubina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
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48
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Tan L, Shi J, Moghadami S, Wright CP, Parasar B, Seo Y, Vallejo K, Cobos I, Duncan L, Chen R, Deisseroth K. Cerebellar Granule Cells Develop Non-neuronal 3D Genome Architecture over the Lifespan. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.25.530020. [PMID: 36865235 PMCID: PMC9980173 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.25.530020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The cerebellum contains most of the neurons in the human brain, and exhibits unique modes of development, malformation, and aging. For example, granule cells-the most abundant neuron type-develop unusually late and exhibit unique nuclear morphology. Here, by developing our high-resolution single-cell 3D genome assay Dip-C into population-scale (Pop-C) and virus-enriched (vDip-C) modes, we were able to resolve the first 3D genome structures of single cerebellar cells, create life-spanning 3D genome atlases for both human and mouse, and jointly measure transcriptome and chromatin accessibility during development. We found that while the transcriptome and chromatin accessibility of human granule cells exhibit a characteristic maturation pattern within the first year of postnatal life, 3D genome architecture gradually remodels throughout life into a non-neuronal state with ultra-long-range intra-chromosomal contacts and specific inter-chromosomal contacts. This 3D genome remodeling is conserved in mice, and robust to heterozygous deletion of chromatin remodeling disease-associated genes (Chd8 or Arid1b). Together these results reveal unexpected and evolutionarily-conserved molecular processes underlying the unique development and aging of the mammalian cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longzhi Tan
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jenny Shi
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Siavash Moghadami
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Cydney P. Wright
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Bibudha Parasar
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Yunji Seo
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Inma Cobos
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Laramie Duncan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Ritchie Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA
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49
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Wick ZC, Philipsberg PA, Lamsifer SI, Kohler C, Katanov E, Feng Y, Humphrey C, Shuman T. Manipulating single-unit theta phase-locking with PhaSER: An open-source tool for real-time phase estimation and manipulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.21.529420. [PMID: 36865324 PMCID: PMC9980125 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.21.529420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The precise timing of neuronal spiking relative to the brain's endogenous oscillations (i.e., phase-locking or spike-phase coupling) has long been hypothesized to coordinate cognitive processes and maintain excitatory-inhibitory homeostasis. Indeed, disruptions in theta phase-locking have been described in models of neurological diseases with associated cognitive deficits and seizures, such as Alzheimer's disease, temporal lobe epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorders. However, due to technical limitations, determining if phase-locking causally contributes to these disease phenotypes has not been possible until recently. To fill this gap and allow for the flexible manipulation of single-unit phase-locking to on-going endogenous oscillations, we developed PhaSER, an open-source tool that allows for phase-specific manipulations. PhaSER can deliver optogenetic stimulation at defined phases of theta in order to shift the preferred firing phase of neurons relative to theta in real-time. Here, we describe and validate this tool in a subpopulation of inhibitory neurons that express somatostatin (SOM) in the CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the dorsal hippocampus. We show that PhaSER is able to accurately deliver a photo-manipulation that activates opsin+ SOM neurons at specified phases of theta in real-time in awake, behaving mice. Further, we show that this manipulation is sufficient to alter the preferred firing phase of opsin+ SOM neurons without altering the referenced theta power or phase. All software and hardware requirements to implement real-time phase manipulations during behavior are available online (https://github.com/ShumanLab/PhaSER).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cassidy Kohler
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY
- New York University, New York NY
| | - Elizabeth Katanov
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY
- Hunter College, CUNY, New York NY
| | - Yu Feng
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY
| | - Corin Humphrey
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY
- Hunter College, CUNY, New York NY
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50
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Marosi EL, Arszovszki A, Brunner J, Szabadics J. Similar Presynaptic Action Potential-Calcium Influx Coupling in Two Types of Large Mossy Fiber Terminals Innervating CA3 Pyramidal Cells and Hilar Mossy Cells. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0017-23.2023. [PMID: 36697256 PMCID: PMC9907395 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0017-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphologically similar axon boutons form synaptic contacts with diverse types of postsynaptic cells. However, it is less known to what extent the local axonal excitability, presynaptic action potentials (APs), and AP-evoked calcium influx contribute to the functional diversity of synapses and neuronal activity. This is particularly interesting in synapses that contact cell types that show only subtle cellular differences but fulfill completely different physiological functions. Here, we tested these questions in two synapses that are formed by rat hippocampal granule cells (GCs) onto hilar mossy cells (MCs) and CA3 pyramidal cells, which albeit share several morphologic and synaptic properties but contribute to distinct physiological functions. We were interested in the deterministic steps of the action potential-calcium ion influx coupling as these complex modules may underlie the functional segregation between and within the two cell types. Our systematic comparison using direct axonal recordings showed that AP shapes, Ca2+ currents and their plasticity are indistinguishable in synapses onto these two cell types. These suggest that the complete module that couples granule cell activity to synaptic release is shared by hilar mossy cells and CA3 pyramidal cells. Thus, our findings present an outstanding example for the modular composition of distinct cell types, by which cells employ different components only for those functions that are deterministic for their specialized functions, while many of their main properties are shared.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - János Brunner
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
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