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Liu Y, Wu Y, Yang Q. The impact of stress on the risk decision-making process. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14595. [PMID: 38720645 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
The effect of stress on risk-taking or risk-averse behavior in decision-making has been inconclusive in previous research, with few studies revealing the underlying neural mechanisms. This study employed event-related potentials technique and combined a social cold pressor assessment test with a mental arithmetic task to induce stress responses, aiming to investigate the influence of exogenous stress on the risk decision-making process. Stress induction results indicated that, in addition to raising heart rate and blood pressure, stress responses were accompanied by enhanced negative emotions, diminished positive emotions, and alterations in neural activity. The outcomes of risk decision-making showed that stress did not significantly affect risk preference or time of choice but did reduce the feedback-related negativity/reward positivity, with a particularly significant effect observed for large outcomes. Stress also altered the amplitude of the P3 component, with stress decreasing the P3 value for winning outcomes relative to losing outcomes. The study suggests that understanding how stress affects risk preference should consider the emotional valence induced by stress. Contrary to the reward sensitivity hypothesis, stress weakened reward sensitivity. Stress led to changes in the allocation of cognitive resources for outcome evaluation: compared to negative outcomes, stress reduced cognitive resources for positive outcomes, which might be related to the enhanced negative emotions induced by stress. The study highlights the importance of focusing on the subjective emotional experience induced by stress in future research on stress and risk decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisi Liu
- Sichuan Research Center of Applied Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Sichuan Research Center of Applied Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Sichuan Research Center of Applied Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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2
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Yang L, Chen Z, Qi L, Yang H, Zhang Y. Processing abnormalities in monetary outcome evaluations among male individuals with opioid use disorder: evidence from feedback-related negativity. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2024; 50:207-217. [PMID: 38386811 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2304036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have highlighted the pivotal role of alterations in the monetary reward system in the development and maintenance of substance use disorder (SUD). Although these alterations have been well documented in various forms of SUD, the electrophysiological mechanisms specific to opioid use disorder (OUD) remain underexplored. Understanding these mechanisms is critical for developing targeted interventions and advancing theories of addiction specific to opioid use.Objectives: To explore abnormalities in monetary reward outcome processing in males with OUD. We hypothesized that control individuals would show higher feedback-related negativity (FRN) to losses, unlike those in the OUD group, where FRN to losses and gains would not differ significantly.Methods: Fifty-seven participants (29 male individuals with OUD [heroin] and 28 male controls) were evaluated. A combination of the monetary incentive delay task (MIDT) and event-related potential (ERP) technology was used to investigate electrophysiological differences in monetary reward feedback processing between the OUD and healthy control groups.Results: We observed a significant interaction between group (control vs. OUD) and monetary outcome (loss vs. gain), indicated by p < .05 and η2p = 0.116. Specifically, control participants showed stronger negative FRN to losses than gains (p < .05), unlike the OUD group (p > .05).Conclusion: This study's FRN data indicate that males with OUD show altered processing of monetary rewards, marked by reduced sensitivity to loss. These findings offer electrophysiological insights into why males with OUD may pursue drugs despite potential economic downsides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - ZhiChen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - LiJuan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - HanBing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Faculty of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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3
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Li J, Li M, Sun Y, Zhang G, Fan W, Zhong Y. The impact of social hierarchies on neural response to feedback evaluations after advice giving. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26611. [PMID: 38339957 PMCID: PMC10839742 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Advisors generally evaluate advisee-relevant feedback after advice giving. The response to these feedback-(1) whether the advice is accepted and (2) whether the advice is optimal-usually involves prestige. Prior literature has found that prestige is the basis by which individuals attain a superior status in the social hierarchy. However, whether advisors are motivated to attain a superior status when engaging in advice giving remains uncharacterized. Using event-related potentials, this study investigates how advisors evaluate feedback after giving advice to superior (vs. inferior) status advisees. A social hierarchy was first established based on two advisees (one was ranked as superior status and another as inferior status) as well as participants' performance in a dot-estimation task in which all participants were ranked as medium status. Participants then engaged in a game in which they were assigned roles as advisors to a superior or inferior status advisee. Afterward, the participants received feedback in two phases. In Phase 1, participants were told whether the advisees accepted the advice provided. In Phase 2, the participants were informed whether the advice they provided was correct. In these two phases, when the advisee was of superior status, participants exhibited stronger feedback-related negativity and P300 difference in response to (1) whether their advice was accepted, and (2) whether their advice was correct. Moreover, the P300 was notably larger when the participants' correct advice led to a gain for a superior-status advisee. In the context of advice giving, advisors are particularly motivated to attain a superior status when the feedback involving social hierarchies, which is reflected in higher sensitivity to feedback associated with superior status advisees at earlier and later stages during feedback evaluations in brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of PsychologyHunan Normal UniversityChangshaP.R. China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaP.R. China
| | - Mei Li
- School of PsychologySouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouP.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of PsychologyGuizhou Normal UniversityGuiyangP.R. China
| | - Guanfei Zhang
- Department of PsychologyHunan Normal UniversityChangshaP.R. China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaP.R. China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of PsychologyHunan Normal UniversityChangshaP.R. China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaP.R. China
| | - Yiping Zhong
- Department of PsychologyHunan Normal UniversityChangshaP.R. China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaP.R. China
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4
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Zheng Y, Shi P, Deng L, Jiang H, Zhou S. Contextual valence influences the neural dynamics of time and magnitude representation during feedback evaluation. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14335. [PMID: 37194930 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Contextual valence is an important dimension during value-based decision-making. Previous research has revealed behavioral and neural asymmetries between the gain context and the loss context. The present event-related potential study investigated the effects of contextual valence on neural dynamics underlying magnitude and time, two important reward dimensions, during feedback evaluation. Forty-two participants performed a simple guessing task in which they experienced both a gain context wherein high or low rewards were delivered immediately or six months later, and a loss context wherein high or low losses were delivered in the same way. Results showed that in the gain context, time and magnitude information were processed in a parallel way during the time windows of the reward positivity (RewP) and the P3. In the loss context, however, time and magnitude information were processed in a serial way such that time information was encoded during the RewP and P3 periods, whereas magnitude information was not tracked until the time window of the late positive potential. Our findings suggest that the neural dynamics underlying time and magnitude information are distinct between the gain and loss contexts, thus providing a novel perspective for the well-known gain-loss asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Puyu Shi
- Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Leyou Deng
- Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huiping Jiang
- Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shiyu Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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5
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Shen Y, Tanabe HC. Neural correlates of evaluations of non-binary social feedback: An EEG study. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 191:57-68. [PMID: 37524121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In complex and diverse social circumstances, decision making is affected by social feedback. Although previous studies have examined the electrophysiological correlates of social feedback with a binary valence, those related to non-binary feedback, or the magnitude of social feedback, remain unclear. This study investigated the electrophysiological correlates of non-binary social feedback and subsequent action selection processing. METHODS Participants were asked to complete a Gabor patch direction judgment task in which they were required to make judgments before and after receiving social feedback. They were informed that the feedback stimuli represented the degree to which other participants made the same choice. RESULTS & CONCLUSION The results revealed that feedback that was highly concordant with the participant's judgments elicited greater P300 activity, which was associated with the fulfillment of expectations regarding social reward. Moreover, moderately concordant feedback induced stronger theta band power, which may indicate monitoring of subjective conflict. Temporal changes in theta power during feedback phase may also relate to adjustments in prediction error. Additionally, when an initial judgment was maintained following social feedback, we observed a stronger increase in beta power, indicating an association with post-social-feedback action processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Shen
- Department of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Hiroki C Tanabe
- Department of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Japan.
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Newton‐Fenner A, Hewitt D, Henderson J, Fallon N, Gu Y, Gorelkina O, Giesbrecht T, Stancak A. A comparison of reward processing during Becker-DeGroot-Marschak and Vickrey auctions: An ERP study. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14313. [PMID: 37076995 PMCID: PMC10909440 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Vickrey auctions (VA) and Becker-DeGroot-Marschak auctions (BDM) are strategically equivalent demand-revealing mechanisms, differentiated only by a human opponent in the VA, and a random-number-generator opponent in the BDM. Game parameters are such that players are incentivized to reveal their private subjective values (SV) and behavior should be identical in both tasks. However, this has been repeatedly shown not to be the case. In this study, the neural correlates of outcome feedback processing during VA and BDM were directly compared using electroencephalography. Twenty-eight healthy participants bid for household products which were then divided into high- and low-SV categories. The VA included a human opponent deception to induce a social environment, while in reality a random-number-generator was used in both tasks. A P3 component peaking at 336 ms over midline parietal sites showed more positive amplitudes for high bid values, and for win outcomes in the VA but not the BDM. Both auctions also elicited a Reward Positivity potential, maximal at 275 ms along the central midline electrodes, that was not modulated by auction task or SV. Further, an exploratory N170 potential in the right occipitotemporal electrodes and a vertex positive potential component were stronger in the VA relative to the BDM. Results point to an enhanced cortical response to bid outcomes during VA task in a potential component associated with emotional control, and to the occurrence of face-sensitive potentials in VA but not in BDM auction. These findings suggest modulation of bid outcome processing by the social-competitive aspect of auction tasks. Directly comparing two prominent auction paradigms affords the opportunity to isolate the impact of social environment on competitive, risky decision-making. Findings suggest that feedback processing as early as 176 ms is facilitated by the presence of a human competitor, and later processing is modulated by social context and subjective value.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Newton‐Fenner
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- Institute of Risk and UncertaintyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - D. Hewitt
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative NeuroimagingUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - J. Henderson
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - N. Fallon
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Y. Gu
- Management SchoolUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- Henley Business SchoolUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
| | - O. Gorelkina
- Management SchoolUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | | | - A. Stancak
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- Institute of Risk and UncertaintyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
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7
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Li Z, Duan R, Guo Y, Li P, Warren CM. Distinct influence of inter- versus intra-trial feedback on the brain response to subsequent feedback: Evidence from event-related potentials. Biol Psychol 2023; 181:108596. [PMID: 37268264 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Substantial evidence indicates that feedback processing not only varies with the valence of feedback, but is also highly dependent on contextual factors. Even so, the influence of prior outcome history on current outcome evaluation is far from clear. To investigate this issue, we conducted two event-related potential (ERP) experiments using a modified gambling task whereby each trial was associated with two consequences. In experiment 1, two instances of feedback indicated participant performance on two dimensions of a single decision, within a trial. In experiment 2, participants made two decisions in each trial, and then received two instances of feedback. We examined the feedback-related negativity (FRN) as an index of feedback processing. When both instances of feedback were relevant to the same trial (intra-trial), the FRN to the second was affected by the valence of the immediately previous feedback: The FRN was amplified to losses following wins. This was observed in both experiment 1 and experiment 2. When two instances of feedback were relevant to two different trials (inter-trial), the effect of immediately previous feedback on the FRN was inconsistent. In experiment 1 there was no effect of feedback from the previous trial on the FRN. However, in Experiment 2 there was an effect of inter-trial feedback on the FRN that was opposite to the effect of intra-trial feedback: The FRN was amplified when losses followed losses. Taken together, the findings suggest that the neural systems involved in reward processing dynamically and continuously integrate preceding feedback for the evaluation of present feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhurong Li
- Brain Function and Psychological Science Research Center Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Brain Function and Psychological Science Research Center Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiming Guo
- Brain Function and Psychological Science Research Center Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Li
- Brain Function and Psychological Science Research Center Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Christopher M Warren
- Emma Eccles Jones College of Education and Human Services Utah State University, USA
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8
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Gain-loss separability in human- but not computer-based changes of mind. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2023.107712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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9
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Yokota Y, Naruse Y. Effects of subjective and objective task difficulties for feedback- related brain potentials in social situations: An electroencephalogram study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277663. [PMID: 36454908 PMCID: PMC9714923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the relationship between two types of feedback task difficulties and feedback-related brain potentials, such as feedback-related negativity (FRN), reward positivity (RewP), and P300, was investigated in social situations where participants performed a task simultaneously by a pair. The electroencephalogram activity was measured while participants answered four-choice questions with their partners. Participants were informed about the general accuracy rate of the question (objective task difficulty) before responding to the questionnaire. The feedback outcome was definitely correct when the participants had the knowledge to answer the questions correctly. Therefore, the subjective task difficulty depended on the knowledge of the participant and differed from the objective task difficulty. In the task, the participants selected the choice they deemed correct. Before checking the answers, participants responded to the preceding question's subjective task difficulty. As one of the social factors, the task consisted of two types of conditions: one, in which one's response affected partner's reward, and another, in which it did not. The second social factor was the order of feedback outcomes; in our experiment, these outcomes were presented sequentially to pairs of participants. The effects of subjective and objective task difficulties and social factors on feedback-related brain potentials were comprehensively analyzed. The study showed that subjective task difficulty sensitively modulated the amplitude of gain-related P300, suggesting that it is sensitive to modulation in the allocation of attentional resources to own feedback outcome. The objective task difficulty sensitively modulated the amplitude of RewP after receiving the partner's incorrect feedback outcome. RewP was more sensitive to positive affective valence, such as feelings of superiority over the partner, than to task-dependent rewards received by the participants themselves. In contrast, FRN was more negative in the joint condition than in the individual condition, suggesting sensitivity to social responsibility felt by participants toward their partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yokota
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, and Osaka University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasushi Naruse
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, and Osaka University, Kobe, Japan
- * E-mail:
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10
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Yi L, Ding D, Zhang X, Fu D. Scarcity Enhances Outcome Evaluation in the Present: Electroencephalography Evidence. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12111560. [PMID: 36421884 PMCID: PMC9688790 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12111560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Scarcity goods have generally been perceived as high in value in real-world and empirical studies. However, few studies have investigated this value over time, such as performance in intertemporal decision making. This study’s chief objective was to determine how scarcity evaluation changes temporally. We used the electroencephalogram technique and an outcome evaluation task with the valuation of scarcity and ordinary rewards delivered at different times to explore the effect of scarcity on delay discounting. The feedback-related negativity (FRN) results show that ordinary goods were associated with a more negative amplitude than scarcity goods, and that rewards delivered in the future evoked more negative deflection compared to those delivered immediately. The prominent FRN effect was derived mainly from ordinary trials rather than scarcity trials in the immediate condition and in the future rather than only in the immediate condition. The Frontal Asymmetry Index (FAI) results show that the scarcity condition was associated with greater relative left frontal cortical activity than the ordinary condition when delivered immediately. The frontal asymmetry indicated greater approach motivation. Our electrophysiology data indicate that scarcity goods have a perceived high value, particularly when delivered immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Yi
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- School of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Daoqun Ding
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind and Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-731-88872869
| | - Xiangyi Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Center for Mind and Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Die Fu
- School of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
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11
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Tan M, Li M, Li J, Li H, You C, Zhang G, Zhong Y. Risk decision: The self-charity discrepancies in electrophysiological responses to outcome evaluation. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:965677. [PMID: 36337850 PMCID: PMC9630562 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.965677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have examined the outcome evaluation related to the self and other, and recent research has explored the outcome evaluation of the self and other with pro-social implications. However, the evaluation processing of outcomes in the group in need remains unclear. This study has examined the neural mechanisms of evaluative processing by gambling for the self and charity, respectively. At the behavioral level, when participants make decisions for themselves, they made riskier decisions following the gain than loss in small outcomes and engage in more risky behaviors following the loss than gain in large outcomes. However, magnitude and valence did not affect the next risky behavior when participants made decisions for the charity. At the neurophysiological level, the results found that the FRN was larger for the charity outcome than for the self-outcome. For FRN, the valence difference of small outcomes was smaller than that of large outcomes. The P3 response was larger for the self-outcome than for the charity outcome. Meanwhile, compared with the small outcome, the self-charity discrepancies have a significant difference in large outcomes. In addition, the FRN amplitude for self in large outcomes was negatively correlated with the upcoming risky choices, regardless of outcome valence. The behavioral results suggest that people are more likely to optimize strategies for themselves than for the charity. The ERP findings indicated that people focus more on charity outcome than self-outcome in the early stage. In the middle and late stages, people turn attention to their outcomes, and the difference between self’s and charity’s outcome varies with the magnitude. Specifically, it is only in large outcomes that people engage more emotional attention or motivation in their outcomes, but self and charity outcomes had a similar emotional engagement in small outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tan
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Huie Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Chang You
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Guanfei Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yiping Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yiping Zhong,
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12
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Zhang D, Shen J, Bi R, Zhang Y, Zhou F, Feng C, Gu R. Differentiating the abnormalities of social and monetary reward processing associated with depressive symptoms. Psychol Med 2022; 52:2080-2094. [PMID: 33143780 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720003967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reward dysfunction is a major dimension of depressive symptomatology, but it remains obscure if that dysfunction varies across different reward types. In this study, we focus on the abnormalities in anticipatory/consummatory processing of monetary and social reward associated with depressive symptoms. METHODS Forty participants with depressive symptoms and forty normal controls completed the monetary incentive delay (MID) and social incentive delay (SID) tasks with event-related potential (ERP) recording. RESULTS In the SID but not the MID task, both the behavioral hit rate and the ERP component contingent negative variation (CNV; indicating reward anticipation) were sensitive to the interaction between the grouping factor and reward magnitude; that is, the depressive group showed a lower hit rate and a smaller CNV to large-magnitude (but not small-magnitude) social reward cues compared to the control group. Further, these two indexes were correlated with each other. Meanwhile, the ERP components feedback-related negativity and P3 (indicating reward consumption) were sensitive to the main effect of depression across the MID and SID tasks, though this effect was more prominent in the SID task. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we suggest that depressive symptoms are associated with deficits in both the reward anticipation and reward consumption stages, particularly for social rewards. These findings have a potential to characterize the profile of functional impairment that comprises and maintains depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junshi Shen
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Rong Bi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yueyao Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chunliang Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Gan T, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Gu R. Neural sensitivity to helping outcome predicts helping decision in real life. Neuropsychologia 2022; 173:108291. [PMID: 35690115 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Prosocial helping behavior is a highly valued social practice across societies, but the willingness to help others varies among persons. In our opinion, that willingness should be associated with the sensitivity to helping outcome at the individual level - that is, increasing as a function of positive outcome sensitivity but decreasing as a function of negative outcome sensitivity. To examine this possibility, we asked participants to make helping decisions in a series of hypothetical scenarios, which provided outcome feedback (positive/negative) of those decisions. Event-related potential (ERP) response to helping outcome was recorded, such that the feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P300 were supposed to reflect the sensitivity to negative outcome and positive outcome, respectively. After the formal task, participants were asked if they would like to donate money to a charity. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that compared to those who were not willing to donate, the participants who donated money (22 of 41 individuals) showed a smaller FRN but a larger P300. Among these participants, the amount of donation was negatively correlated with FRN response to negative outcome, but positively correlated with P300 response to positive outcome. These findings support the importance of helping outcome sensitivity to prosocial behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Gan
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China; Research Institute on Aging, School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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14
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Yang Y, Du S, He H, Wang C, Shan X, Gu H, Zhao J. The Role of Leadership Level in College Students' Decision-Making: Evidence From Event-Related Potential Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:637323. [PMID: 34803787 PMCID: PMC8600661 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.637323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although risk decision-making plays an important role in leadership practice, the distinction in behavior between humans with differing levels of leadership, as well as the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms involved, remain unclear. In this study, the Ultimatum Game (UG) was utilized in concert with electroencephalograms (EEG) to investigate the temporal course of cognitive and emotional processes involved in economic decision-making between high and low leadership level college students. Behavioral results from this study found that the acceptance rates in an economic transaction, when the partner was a computer under unfair/sub unfair condition, were significantly higher than in transactions with real human partners for the low leadership group, while there was no significant difference in acceptance rates for the high leadership group. Results from Event-Related Potentials (ERP) analysis further indicated that there was a larger P3 amplitude in the low leadership group than in the high leadership group. We concluded that the difference between high and low leadership groups was at least partly due to their different emotional management abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yang
- School of Foreign Languages, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shunshun Du
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hui He
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chengming Wang
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xueke Shan
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huang Gu
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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15
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Peng M, Wang X, Chen W, Chen T, Cai M, Sun X, Wang Y. Cooperate or aggress? An opponent's tendency to cooperate modulates the neural dynamics of interpersonal cooperation. Neuropsychologia 2021; 162:108025. [PMID: 34560141 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Humans are social animals and need to cooperate to survive. However, individuals are not cooperative in every social interaction, and their cooperation may depend on social context. The present study used a social dilemma game to investigate whether an opponent's tendency to be cooperative over time influenced a player's behavior and neural response to outcomes in the game. University students ("players") thought they were playing against other students ("opponents") in the Chicken Game but were actually playing against a programmed computer. Participants were randomly assigned to play with an opponent who tended to be competitive (cooperative 20% of the time) or who tended to be cooperative (cooperative 80% of the time). The results showed that early in the game, participants in both groups adopted a "tit-for-tat" strategy. However, as the game progressed and the opponent's behavioral tendency became more noticeable, players in the competitive-opponent group became generally more cooperative to limit their losses. ERPs analyses indicated that players had a higher P300 and larger theta power in response to the opponent's aggression but not to the opponent's cooperation when their opponent showed a tendency to be cooperative vs. competitive. The results suggest that people adjust their cooperative behavior based on their opponent's behavior in social interaction, and aggression captures more attention than cooperation in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior of the Ministry of Education and School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wang Chen
- School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Institute of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tianlong Chen
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengfei Cai
- Department of Psychology, Manhattanville College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaojun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior of the Ministry of Education and School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China; School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Institute of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.
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16
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Zhang D, Shen J, Li S, Gao K, Gu R. I, robot: depression plays different roles in human-human and human-robot interactions. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:438. [PMID: 34420040 PMCID: PMC8380250 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Socially engaging robots have been increasingly applied to alleviate depressive symptoms and to improve the quality of social life among different populations. Seeing that depression negatively influences social reward processing in everyday interaction, we investigate this influence during simulated interactions with humans or robots. In this study, 35 participants with mild depression and 35 controls (all from nonclinical populations) finished the social incentive delay task with event-related potential recording, in which they received performance feedback from other persons or from a robot. Compared to the controls, the mild depressive symptom (MDS) group represented abnormalities of social reward processing in the human feedback condition: first, the MDS group showed a lower hit rate and a smaller contingent-negative variation (correlated with each other) during reward anticipation; second, depression level modulated both the early phase (indexed by the feedback-related negativity (FRN)) and the late phase (indexed by the P3) of reward consumption. In contrast, the effect of depression was evident only on FRN amplitude in the robot feedback condition. We suggest that compared to human-human interaction, the rewarding properties of human-robot interaction are less likely to be affected by depression. These findings have implications for the utilization of robot-assisted intervention in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Junshi Shen
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sijin Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kexiang Gao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, 100101, Beijing, China.
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
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17
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Lin Y, Gu R, Luan S, Hu L, Qin S, Luo YJ. The hierarchical sensitivity to social misalignment during decision-making under uncertainty. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:565-575. [PMID: 33615385 PMCID: PMC8138082 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Social misalignment occurs when a person’s attitudes and opinions deviate from those of others. We investigated how individuals react to social misalignment in risky (outcome probabilities are known) or ambiguous (outcome probabilities are unknown) decision contexts. During each trial, participants played a forced-choice gamble, and they observed the decisions of four other players after they made a tentative decision, followed by an opportunity to keep or change their initial decision. Behavioral and event-related potential data were collected. Behaviorally, the stronger the participants’ initial preference, the less likely they were to switch their decisions, whereas the more their decisions were misaligned with the majority, the more likely they were to switch. Electrophysiological results showed a hierarchical processing pattern of social misalignment. Misalignment was first detected binarily (i.e. match/mismatch) at an early stage, as indexed by the N1 component. During the second stage, participants became sensitive to low levels of misalignment, which were indexed by the feedback-related negativity. The degree of social misalignment was processed in greater detail, as indexed by the P3 component. Moreover, such hierarchical neural sensitivity is generalizable across different decision contexts (i.e. risky and ambiguous). These findings demonstrate a fine-grained neural sensitivity to social misalignment during decision-making under uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shenghua Luan
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shaozheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.,Center for Brain Disorder and Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518061, China.,College of Teacher Education, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250200, China.,The Research Center of Brain Science and Visual Cognition, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
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18
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Jiang D, Tang J, Guan Q, Cui F, Luo YJ. Money gained through suffering is less valuable: Pain reduces the sensitivity to outcome magnitude in monetary decision making. Soc Neurosci 2021; 16:564-572. [PMID: 34229571 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2021.1953135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Enduring pain would change individuals' behavioral preferences and neural responses in multiple decision-making tasks. Yet few studies have investigated how money's casual association with painful experience would modify people's decisions with it. It is an important and common social situation. The present study investigated how money's association with pain influences the way people make monetary decisions. Participants gambled with money that they earned in four different ways: enduring pain (Pain), randomly assigned (Random), non-painful effort task (Effort), and observing negative images (NO). Results revealed two different patterns. In the Random and Pain conditions, participants were not sensitive to the gambling risk such that they more randomly chose high- and low-risk options; the differences in FNR amplitude triggered by high- and low-risk choices were comparable on the neural level. In contrast, in the Effort and NO conditions, participants showed higher sensitivity to the magnitude and larger differences in FNR amplitudes between high- and low-risk choices. These findings suggested that pain cannot increase the subjective value of monetary gain like other non-painful efforts can do and monetary rewards may not be the optimal way to compensate for the physical suffering or loss in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Jiang
- College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Tang
- College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Guan
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fang Cui
- College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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19
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Li J, Liu L, Sun Y, Fan W, Li M, Zhong Y. Exposure to money modulates neural responses to outcome evaluations involving social reward. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 15:111-121. [PMID: 32064532 PMCID: PMC7171377 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that exposure to monetary cues strengthens an individual's motivation to pursue monetary rewards by inducing the 'market mode' (i.e. thinking and behaving in accordance with market principles). Here, we examined the effect of market mode on social reward processes by means of event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants primed with monetary images or neutral images acted as advisors who selected one of two options for a putative advisee. Subsequently, all participants passively observed the advisee accepting or rejecting their advice and receiving a gain or loss outcome. After money priming, the feedback-related negativity (FRN) to the advisee's gain/loss outcome was larger following incorrect as compared to correct advice irrespective of whether the advice had been accepted or rejected. A smaller P3 following incorrect advice showed only when the advice was rejected. After neutral priming, the FRN was larger for incorrect relative to correct advice only when the advice had been rejected. However, the P3 was larger for correct relative to incorrect advice irrespective of the advisee's final choice. These findings suggest that the market mode facilitates early and automatic feedback processing but reduces later and controlled responding to outcomes that had been accepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Yiping Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
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20
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Margraf L, Krause D, Weigelt M. Valence-dependent Neural Correlates of Augmented Feedback Processing in Extensive Motor Sequence Learning - Part I: Practice-related Changes of Feedback Processing. Neuroscience 2021; 486:4-19. [PMID: 33945843 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Several event-related potentials (ERPs) are associated with the processing of valence-dependent augmented feedback during the practice of motor tasks. In this study, 38 students learned a sequential arm-movement-task with 192 trials in each of five practice sessions (960 practice trials in total), to examine practice-related changes in neural feedback processing. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in the first and last practice session. An adaptive bandwidth for movement accuracy led to equal amounts of positive and negative feedback. A frontal located negative deflection in the time window of the feedback-related negativity (FRN) was more negative for negative feedback and might reflect reward prediction errors in reinforcement learning. This negativity increased after extensive practice, which might indicate that smaller errors are harder to identify in the later phase. The late fronto-central positivity (LFCP) was more positive for negative feedback and is assumed to be associated with supervised learning and behavioral adaptations based on feedback with higher complexity. No practice-related changes of the LFCP were observed, which suggests that complex feedback is processed independent from the practice phase. The P300 displayed a more positive activation for positive feedback, which might be interpreted as the higher significance of positive feedback for the updating of internal models in this setting. A valence-independent increase of the P300 amplitude after practice might reflect an improved ability to update the internal representation based on feedback information. These results demonstrate that valence-dependent neural feedback processing changes with extensive practice of a novel motor task. Dissociating changes in latencies of different components support the assumption that they are related to distinct mechanisms of feedback-dependent learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Margraf
- Psychology and Movement Science, Department of Sport and Health, Paderborn University, Germany.
| | - Daniel Krause
- Psychology and Movement Science, Department of Sport and Health, Paderborn University, Germany
| | - Matthias Weigelt
- Psychology and Movement Science, Department of Sport and Health, Paderborn University, Germany
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21
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Selective Devaluation Affects the Processing of Preferred Rewards. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 21:1010-1025. [PMID: 33931831 PMCID: PMC8455391 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-021-00904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated whether the representation of subjective preferences in the event-related potential is manipulable through selective devaluation, i.e., the consumption of a specific food item until satiety. Thirty-four participants completed a gambling task in which they chose between virtual doors to find one of three snack items, representing a high, medium, or low preference outcome as defined by individual desire-to-eat ratings. In one of two test sessions, they underwent selective devaluation of the high preference outcome. In the other, they completed the task on an empty stomach. Consistent with previous findings, averaged across sessions, amplitudes were increased for more preferred rewards in the time windows of P2, late FRN, and P300. As hypothesised, we also found a selective devaluation effect for the high preference outcome in the P300 time window, reflected in a decrease in amplitude. The present results provide evidence for modulations of reward processing not only by individual factors, such as subjective preferences, but also by the current motivational state. Importantly, the present data suggest that selective devaluation effects in the P300 may be a promising tool to further characterise altered valuation of food rewards in the context of eating disorders and obesity.
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22
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Xu M, Liu B, Gu R, Yang S, Wang H, Zhu X. Self-awareness buffers the consequences of negative feedback: Evidence from an ERP study. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 164:9-16. [PMID: 33556469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that self-awareness can help people to recruit more cognitive resources, while people with more cognitive resources can better buffer the detrimental effects of negative events. However, it is not clear whether self-awareness can directly buffer the consequences of negative feedback (i.e., reducing neural sensitivity to negative feedback). To explore this issue, we used a scrambled sentence task (SST) to manipulate participants' self-awareness (self vs. other) and investigated whether outcome evaluations in a gambling task are modulated by the self-awareness priming. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded while 27 normal adults performed a gambling task. The ERP analysis focused on the feedback-related negativity (FRN), reward positivity (RewP) and P300 component. We found that the self-awareness priming resulted in a smaller FRN response to the losses compared with the other-awareness priming. There was no significant difference in the RewP response to wins between the self-awareness condition and the other-awareness condition. We also found that the self-awareness condition evoked larger P300 amplitude than the other-awareness condition. The present findings suggest that self-awareness can help people to cope with negative feedback in the early semiautomatic outcome evaluation stage (i.e., reducing neural sensitivity to negative feedback) and enhance top-down evaluation to both positive and negative feedback in the late and deliberate stage, providing direct evidence of the adaptive function of self-awareness on outcome experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Institute of Cognition, Brain and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Bu Liu
- Institute of Cognition, Brain and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Suyong Yang
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Institute of Cognition, Brain and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiangru Zhu
- Institute of Cognition, Brain and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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23
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Severo MC, Paul K, Walentowska W, Moors A, Pourtois G. Neurophysiological evidence for evaluative feedback processing depending on goal relevance. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116857. [PMID: 32304885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Feedback signaling the success or failure of actions is readily exploited to implement goal-directed behavior. Two event-related brain potentials (ERPs) have been identified as reliable markers of evaluative feedback processing: the Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) and the P3. Recent ERP studies have shown a substantial reduction of these components when the feedback's goal relevance (in terms of goal informativeness) was decreased. However, it remains unclear whether this lowering of evaluative feedback processing at the FRN and P3 levels (i) reflects a common regulation process operating across them or (ii) indirectly and mostly depends on valence processing. To address these questions, 44 participants performed a time estimation task wherein the perceived goal relevance of the feedback following each decision was manipulated via instructions in different blocks. We recorded 64-channel EEG and collected subjective ratings of feedback valence and relevance, separately for goal-relevant and irrelevant conditions. ERP results showed a substantial reduction of the FRN and P3 components for irrelevant than relevant feedback, despite the balanced task relevance between them. Moreover, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that these two successive ERP effects had dissociable spatiotemporal properties. Crucially, a multivariate multiple regression analysis revealed that goal relevance per se, but not valence, was the unique significant predictor of the amplitude reduction of the FRN and P3 when the feedback was goal irrelevant. Our results suggest that although these ERP components exhibit non-overlapping spatiotemporal properties and performance monitoring effects, they can both be modulated by a common, valence-unspecific process related to goal relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Carlo Severo
- Cognitive & Affective Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Katharina Paul
- Cognitive & Affective Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Wioleta Walentowska
- Cognitive & Affective Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium; Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnes Moors
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Center for Social and Cultural Psychology, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gilles Pourtois
- Cognitive & Affective Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
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24
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Abstract
Facial trustworthiness can influence trust behavior. The outcome may be concordant (a person with a trustworthy face who engages in reciprocal behavior) or conflicting (a person with a trustworthy face who does not reciprocate). This study investigated the temporal features of processing different outcomes following trustworthy or untrustworthy faces. Thirty-one college students participated in a decision-making task in which they were shown a face and were asked to judge whether the person would behave in a trustworthy or an untrustworthy manner in a hypothetical scenario, and feedback was then provided about the target person's behavior in the scenario, while the event-related potential of the electroencephalography of participants' brains was recorded. In the feedback presentation stage, there was a significant interaction between face type and feedback. Trustworthy faces with losses induced the largest feedback-related negativity (FRN), whereas trustworthy faces with gains induced the smallest FRN. For untrustworthy faces, there was no significant difference between losses and gains. Trustworthy faces with losses and untrustworthy faces with gains induced more positive P300. FRN is possibly sensitive to both negative outcomes and expectation violations. P300 is mainly sensitive to expectation violations. Individuals have high positive expectations for trustworthy faces. When the behavior of a trustee with trustworthy face was negative, so as to violate the trustor's expectation, it will elicit a more serious conflict in the mind of the trustor.
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25
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Stewardson HJ, Sambrook TD. Evidence for parietal reward prediction errors using great grand average meta-analysis. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 152:81-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Self-affirmation enhances the processing of uncertainty: An event-related potential study. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 19:327-337. [PMID: 30488229 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-00673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We proposed that self-affirmation can endow people with more cognitive resource to cope with uncertainty. We tested this possibility with an event-related potential (ERP) study by examining how self-affirmation influences ambiguous feedback processing in a simple gambling task, which was used to investigate risk decision-making. We assigned 48 participants randomly to the affirmation and non-affirmation (i.e., control) groups. All participants accepted the manipulation first and then completed the gambling task with an electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, in which participants might receive a positive (winning), negative (losing), or ambiguous (unknown valence) outcome after they made a choice. We considered both the feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P3 components elicited by the outcome feedback, which reflected the amount of cognitive resources being invested in the early and late stages of the outcome feedback processing, respectively. ERP results showed that ambiguous feedback elicited a larger FRN among affirmed participants than unaffirmed participants but exerted no influence on the P3. This finding suggests that self-affirmation may help coping with uncertainty by enhancing the early processing of uncertainty.
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27
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Lu J, Huang X, Liao C, Guan Q, Qi XR, Cui F. Social Mindfulness Shown by Individuals With Higher Status Is More Pronounced in Our Brain: ERP Evidence. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1432. [PMID: 32038139 PMCID: PMC6988832 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
"Social mindfulness" refers to being thoughtful of others and considering their needs before making decisions, and can be characterized by low-cost and subtle gestures. The present study compared the behavioral and neural responses triggered by observing others' socially mindful/unmindful choices and how these responses were modulated by the social status of the agency. At the behavioral level, observing socially mindful choices made observers feel better, rate the actors as more likable, and behave more cooperatively than did observing socially unmindful choices. Analysis of event-related potentials in the brain revealed that compared with socially unmindful choices, mindful choices elicited more negative feedback-related negativity (FRN). Notably, while this effect of social mindfulness was only significant when the actor's social status was medium and high, it was undetectable when the actor's social status was low. These results demonstrate that the social mindfulness of others can be rapidly detected and processed, as reflected by FRN, even though it does not seem to receive further, more elaborate evaluation. These findings indicated that low-cost cooperative behaviors such as social mindfulness can also be detected and appreciated by our brain, which may result in better mood and more cooperative behaviors in the perceivers. Besides, the perception of social mindfulness is sensitive to important social information, such as social status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanzhi Lu
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Huang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chong Liao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Guan
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-Rui Qi
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Cui
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
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Krause D, Koers T, Maurer LK. Valence‐dependent brain potentials of processing augmented feedback in learning a complex arm movement sequence. Psychophysiology 2019; 57:e13508. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krause
- Department of Exercise and Health Paderborn University Paderborn Germany
| | - Timo Koers
- Department of Exercise and Health Paderborn University Paderborn Germany
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29
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Na E, Jang KM, Kim MS. An Event-Related Potential Study of Decision-Making and Feedback Utilization in Female College Students Who Binge Drink. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2606. [PMID: 31824383 PMCID: PMC6883468 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the ability to use feedback for decision-making in female college students who binge drink (BD) using the iowa gambling task (IGT) and event-related potentials (ERPs). Twenty-seven binge drinkers and 23 non-binge drinkers (non-BD) were identified based on scores on the Korean version of the Alcohol Use Disorder Test and the Alcohol Use Questionnaire. The IGT consists of four cards, including two cards that result in a net loss, with large immediate gains but greater losses in the long term, and two cards that result in a net gain, with small immediate gains but reduced losses in the long term. Participants were required to choose one card at a time to maximize profit until the end of the task while avoiding losses. The BD group showed a significantly lower total net score than the non-BD group, indicating that the BD group chose more disadvantageous cards. The BD group showed significantly smaller ΔFRN amplitudes [difference in amplitudes of feedback-related negativity (FRN) between gain and loss feedback] but not in P3 amplitudes. Additionally, ΔFRN amplitudes in the fronto-central area were positively correlated with the total net score and net scores for sectors 4 and 5. Thus, total net scores and later performance on the IGT increased as ΔFRN amplitudes from the fronto-central area increased. FRN is known to reflect early feedback evaluation employing a bottom-up mechanism, whereas P3 is known to reflect late feedback processing and allocation of attentional resources using a top-down mechanism. These results indicate that college students who binge drink have deficits in early evaluation of positive or negative feedback and that this deficit may be related to decision-making deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunchan Na
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mi Jang
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sun Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
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30
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Wang F, Wang X, Wang F, Gao L, Rao H, Pan Y. Agreeableness modulates group member risky decision-making behavior and brain activity. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116100. [PMID: 31445127 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
When facing difficult decisions, people typically believe that "two heads are better than one". However, findings from previous studies are inconsistent regarding the advantages of decision-making in groups as compared to individual decision-making. We hypothesize that personality traits may modulate risk-taking behavior and brain activity changes during group decision-making. In this study, we used event-related potentials (ERP) with a well-validated balloon analogue risk task (BART) paradigm to examine the relationships between personality traits, decision-making behavior, and brain activity patterns when a cohort of male participants make decisions and take risks both in groups and in isolation. We found significantly increased risk-taking behavior and reduced P300 component during group decision-making as compared to individual decision-making only for participants with high Agreeableness, but not for those with low Agreeableness. Moreover, Agreeableness scores correlated with risk-taking behavior and P300 amplitude changes in group decisions. These findings suggest that Agreeableness personality modulates risk-taking behavior and brain activity when people make decisions in groups, which have implications for future group decision research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, People's Republic of China; Postdoctoral Research Station, Shanghai International Studies University, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, People's Republic of China; Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Yu Pan
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Cooperation moderates the impact of effort on reward valuation. Neuropsychologia 2019; 135:107214. [PMID: 31689426 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Effort is valuable, but researchers have different opinions on whether effort can reduce or increase the valuation of rewards. The effect of cooperation on reward valuation also remains unclear. In this study, we conducted two experiments to examine the effect of effort on reward valuation (Experiment 1) and whether this effect can be influenced by cooperation (Experiment 2), using electroencephalogram (EEG) technology. We found that when participants worked alone, they generated a larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitude for losing rewards than for gaining rewards, with more effort resulting in larger FRN amplitudes for losing rewards. However, when participants worked together with a partner, there was no significant difference between the amplitude for gaining rewards and that for losing rewards during low-effort tasks. Nevertheless, for high-effort tasks, the FRN amplitude for losing rewards was significantly larger than that for gaining rewards. Moreover, in both experiments, we found larger N1 amplitudes for gaining rewards than for losing rewards. Our ERP results suggest that in the early stage of processing, people pay extra attention to rewards, after that the effort level influences their reward valuation. In addition, cooperation regulates the reduced valuation of losing rewards only when people invest low effort.
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32
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Yu H, Nan W, Yang G, Li Q, Wu H, Liu X. Your Performance Is My Concern: A Perspective-Taking Competition Task Affects ERPs to Opponent's Outcomes. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1162. [PMID: 31736696 PMCID: PMC6829177 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that people have more empathic responses to in-group members and more schadenfreude to out-group members. As a dimension of cognitive empathy, perspective-taking has been considered to be related to the enhancement of empathy. We tried to combine these effects through manipulation of a competitive task with opponents and an in-group partner and investigated the potential effect of in-group bias or the perspective-taking effect on outcome evaluation. We hypothesized that the neural activities would provide evidence of in-group bias. We tested it with a simple gambling observation task and recorded subjects' electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. Our results showed that the opponent's loss evoked larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) and smaller P300 activity than the partner's loss condition, and there was a win vs. loss differential effect in P300 for the opponent only. The principal component analysis (PCA) replicated the loss vs. win P300 effect to opponent's performance. Moreover, the correlation between the inclusion of the other in the self (IOS) scores and FRN suggests perspective-taking may induce greater monitoring to opponent's performance, which increases the win vs. loss differentiation brain response to the out-group agent. Our results thus provide evidence for the enhanced attention toward out-group individuals after competition manipulation, as well as the motivation significance account of FRN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhi Nan
- Department of Psychology, Center for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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33
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Paul K, Vassena E, Severo MC, Pourtois G. Dissociable effects of reward magnitude on fronto‐medial theta and FRN during performance monitoring. Psychophysiology 2019; 57:e13481. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Paul
- Cognitive & Affective Psychophysiology Laboratory Department of Experimental, Clinical, and Health Psychology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Eliana Vassena
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Mario Carlo Severo
- Cognitive & Affective Psychophysiology Laboratory Department of Experimental, Clinical, and Health Psychology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Gilles Pourtois
- Cognitive & Affective Psychophysiology Laboratory Department of Experimental, Clinical, and Health Psychology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
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34
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Incidental positive emotion modulates neural response to outcome valence in a monetarily rewarded gambling task. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2019; 247:219-251. [PMID: 31196435 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Choices are influenced by incidental emotions. To understand the neural mechanisms underlying the potential effects of incidental emotions on outcome processing, we conducted two experiments measuring feedback-related negativity (FRN) as a function of outcome (gain and loss) and emotional context. Experiment 1 used happy, neutral, and sad faces. Experiment 2 used pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant emotional scenes. We expected that incidental emotions would influence outcome processing at the behavioral level in line with the cognitive themes associated with each emotion. At a neural level, the effect of emotion based on outcome was expected in FRN. Participants chose one of two gambles presented on either side of an emotional face (Experiment 1) or on the scene (Experiment 2), and were later shown the outcome. Behaviorally, both the experiments showed emotion specific carryover effects on outcome experience in line with the cognitive appraisal tendencies associated with specific emotions. In both experiments, mean amplitude of FRN measured related to the outcome at Fz and FCz showed a significant effect of outcome with larger amplitude for loss compared to gain. The interaction between emotion and outcome was significant at FCz in Experiment 1 and at FPz in Experiment 2. The amplitude difference between loss and gain was larger for positive emotional context compared to neutral and negative emotional contexts, indicating a dopaminergic basis moderating the emotion-outcome processing interaction.
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35
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Zhu S, Wang Y, Gao S, Jia S. The influence of context condition on outcome evaluation in experimental conditions: Even vs. neutral. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 141:28-36. [PMID: 31071359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Feedback-related negativity (FRN) is an event-related brain potential that is elicited during outcome evaluation. Studies have found that FRN reflects a good vs. bad classification; more importantly, FRN reflects this classification in a context-dependent manner, which means that the outcome evaluation is obviously influenced by its embedded context. In the current study, we examined how the context conditions of even (i.e., the feedback was +4 or -4) and neutral (i.e., the feedback was always 0) affect the outcome evaluation in experimental conditions (gain and loss). The experimental conditions of gain (i.e., the feedback was +4 or 0) and loss (i.e., the feedback was 0 or -4) were presented with the even condition as the context in one section and with the neutral condition as the context in another section. The ERP (event-related potential) results of the two experimental conditions showed that the unfavorable outcome evoked more negative FRN than the favorable outcome in both even and neutral sections, however, the amplitude difference between unfavorable and favorable outcomes was greater in neutral section than in even section. Furthermore, the favorable outcomes evoked more positive FRN in the neutral section than in the even section. These results indicate that the context condition modulates outcome evaluation, in neutral context, the discrimination between favorable and unfavorable outcome is better, which might due to the facilitated identification of favorable outcomes in neutral context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Zhu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuqian Gao
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shiwei Jia
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
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36
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Neural correlates of feedback processing during a sensory uncertain speech - nonspeech discrimination task. Biol Psychol 2019; 144:103-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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37
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Yang Z, Sedikides C, Gu R, Luo YLL, Wang Y, Cai H. Narcissism and risky decisions: a neurophysiological approach. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2019; 13:889-897. [PMID: 30016494 PMCID: PMC6123519 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsy053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Narcissists are prone to risky decision-making, but why? This study tested—via behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) measures—two accounts: deficiencies in error monitoring and deficiencies in action updating. High and low narcissists were engaged in a monetary gambling task by choosing between a high-risk and a low-risk option while the electroencephalogram (EEG) was being recorded. Two ERP components relevant to outcome evaluation—feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P3—were analyzed, with the FRN serving as an index of error monitoring and the P3 as an index of action updating. Generally, high and low narcissists differed in the high-risk condition but not in the low-risk condition. At the behavioral level, high (vs low) narcissists made riskier decisions following high-risk decision outcomes, which was in line with past findings; at the neurophysiological level, while no FRN difference emerged between high and low narcissists, the outcome valence effect (positive vs negative) on the P3 was stronger among low narcissists than high narcissists following high-risk decision outcomes. One possible interpretation of the results is that narcissism is associated with reduced action updating. The findings contribute to the understanding of narcissistic decision-making and self-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Constantine Sedikides
- Center for Research on Self and Identity, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu L L Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huajian Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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38
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Pornpattananangkul N, Grogans S, Yu R, Nusslock R. Single-trial EEG dissociates motivation and conflict processes during decision-making under risk. Neuroimage 2019; 188:483-501. [PMID: 30557662 PMCID: PMC6401252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In making decisions under risk (i.e., choosing whether to gamble when the outcome probabilities are known), two aspects of decision are of particular concern. The first, if gambling, is how large are potential gains compared to losses? The subjectively larger, the more rewarding to gamble. Thus, this aspect of decision-making, quantified through expected utility (EU), is motivation-related. The second concern is how easy is it to reach the decision? When subjective desirability between gambling and not-gambling is clearly different from each other (regardless of the direction), it is easier to decide. This aspect, quantified through utility distance (UD), is conflict-related. It is unclear how the brain simultaneously processes these two aspects of decision-making. Forty-five participants decided whether to gamble during electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. To compute trial-by-trial variability in EU and UD, we fit participants' choices to models inspired by Expected-Utility and Prospect theories using hierarchical-Bayesian modeling. To examine unique influences of EU and UD, we conducted model-based single-trial EEG analyses with EU and UD as simultaneous regressors. While both EU and UD were positively associated with P3-like activity and delta-band power, the contribution of EU was around 200 ms earlier. Thus, during decision-making under risk, people may allocate their attention to motivation-related aspects before conflict-related aspects. Next, following learning the options and before reporting their decision, higher EU was associated with stronger alpha and beta suppression, while higher UD was associated with a stronger contingent-negativity-variation-like activity. This suggests distinct roles of EU and UD on anticipation-related processes. Overall, we identified time and frequency characteristics of EEG signals that differentially traced motivation-related and conflict-related information during decision-making under risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narun Pornpattananangkul
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, 117570, Singapore; National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Shannon Grogans
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Rongjun Yu
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, 117570, Singapore
| | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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Zhang W, De Beuckelaer A, Chen L, Zhou R. ERP Evidence for Inhibitory Control Deficits in Test-Anxious Individuals. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:645. [PMID: 31551835 PMCID: PMC6743369 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Individuals with test anxiety [i.e., high test anxiety (HTA)] always treat tests/examinations as a potential threat. This cognitive mode impairs these individuals' ability of inhibitory control and leads to a high level of anxiety. However, characterizing aspects of HTA's impaired inhibitory control ability are unclear and need to be studied. Methods: Forty-six participants were recruited and divided into a HTA (N = 26) and low test anxiety (LTA; i.e., healthy control; N = 20) group. Self-reports (Test Anxiety Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for negative emotions) were obtained. An emotional Stroop (ES) task and a numerical Stroop (NS) task, causing different types of interferences, were used for assessing the emotional and cognitive aspects of attentional control ability (behavioral data). Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were registered to further assess processing stages related to different aspects of attentional control ability. Results: Compared with the LTA group, the HTA group has inhibitory control deficits of both emotional (see ERP components P1-P2-N2 and P3) and cognitive (see ERP component P3) interference. Compared with the LTA group, the HTA doesn't have lower accuracy in neither ES nor NS but displays longer reaction times only in ES. Additionally, the HTA group's ES results also show that (1) the degree of emotional interference indicates the level of an individual's anxiety, and (2) the ERP component P2 may serve as an index of the level of test anxiety. Conclusion: HTA individuals have extensive inhibitory deficits for both emotional and cognitive aspects; however, impairment impacts more on emotional aspects than on cognitive aspects. Additionally, as compared to NS, the negative impact of more impaired processing stages on task performance is more substantial in ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpei Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Business Administration, School of Business, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, China
| | - Alain De Beuckelaer
- Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lirong Chen
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renlai Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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40
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Goals matter: Amplification of the motivational significance of the feedback when goal impact is increased. Brain Cogn 2018; 128:56-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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41
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Internal control beliefs and reference frame concurrently impact early performance monitoring ERPs. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 18:778-795. [PMID: 29761375 PMCID: PMC6096653 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-0604-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of criterion-based vs. social reference frames on behavioural and neural correlates of performance monitoring while taking individual differences in control beliefs into account. We conducted two experiments administering a time estimation task in which feedback was either delivered pertaining to participants’ own performance (nonsocial/criterion-based reference) or to the performance of a reference group of previous participants (social reference). In Experiment 1, 34 male volunteers participated. To test generalizability of the observed results to both sexes/genders, we recruited 36 female volunteers for Experiment 2. P2 and P300 amplitudes were generally larger in social than in nonsocial reference trials in the male participants of Experiment 1. ΔFRN amplitudes were larger for social compared to non-social reference trials in Experiment 1. No effects of reference frame were found in the female sample of Experiment 2. Rather, P2 and ΔFRN effects showed opposing patterns for nonsocial versus social reference frames. However, stronger internal control beliefs were accompanied by larger FRN amplitudes of negative social reference trials in both samples, suggesting generalizable effects independent of sex/gender. Enhanced P2 and ΔFRN amplitudes for social versus nonsocial reference trials suggest enhanced attentional capture and higher saliency of socially framed feedback in male participants only. In both sexes/genders, however, the social reference frame possibly challenges internal control beliefs and by this enhances performance monitoring. Our results demonstrate the complex interplay of trait variables and reference frames during performance monitoring influencing our daily lives-reference frames are omnipresent in education and one’s working environment.
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42
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Differentiating the influence of incidental anger and fear on risk decision-making. Physiol Behav 2017; 184:179-188. [PMID: 29196018 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has revealed that incidental emotions of different valence (positive/negative/neutral) produce distinct impacts on risk decision-making. This study went on to compare the effects of different emotions of which the valence are identical. We focused on anger and fear, both of which are negative emotions but differ in motivational and appraisal dimensions. Participants finished a forced-choice gambling task, during which incidental emotions (anger/fear/happy) were elicited by facial stimuli selected from the Chinese Facial Affective Picture System. Behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) data were recorded in the experiment, which showed that anger and fear were different in their influence on behavioral risk preference and the relationship between outcome processing and subsequent risk decisions. Regarding the behavioral results, risk preference in the anger condition was higher than the fear condition, but lower than the happy condition. Regarding the ERP results elicited by outcome feedback (gain/loss), in the fear condition, the feedback-related negativity (FRN) was positively correlated with risk preference; in the anger condition, the gain-related P3 component was positively correlated with risk preference; in the happy condition, both the FRN and the loss-related P3 was negatively correlated with risk preference. The current findings provide novel insight into distinguishing the effect of different incidental emotions on risk preference.
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Goal impact influences the evaluative component of performance monitoring: Evidence from ERPs. Biol Psychol 2017; 129:90-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gu R, Jiang Y, Kiser S, Black CL, Broster LS, Luo YJ, Kelly TH. Impulsive personality dimensions are associated with altered behavioral performance and neural responses in the monetary incentive delay task. Neuropsychologia 2017; 103:59-68. [PMID: 28716612 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Individual differences in dimensions of impulsivity personality including disinhibition and sensation seeking modulate approach responses to reinforcing stimuli, such as drugs and money. The current study examined the effects of monetary incentive on both behavioral performance and electrophysiological activity among individuals varying in disinhibition and sensation seeking. The monetary incentive delay (MID) task was completed under electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. Behavioral data showed that higher disinhibition and sensation-seeking were associated with lower performance accuracy. Event-related potential (ERP) data showed that high reinforcement cues elicited a larger late positive component (LPC) than other conditions among high disinhibition participants, indicating its strong emotional influence. Additionally, in the neutral incentive condition, the feedback-related negativity (FRN) elicited by correct outcomes was larger than that elicited by incorrect outcomes in the high disinhibition group only. This novel finding indicates that high disinhibition participants were less likely to expect correct outcomes compared to incorrect outcomes in the neutral incentive condition. Finally, the P3 component elicited by outcome presentation showed an interaction between two impulsivity dimensions; when disinhibition level was low, the P3 was larger among high than low sensation seeking participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Seth Kiser
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA; District of Columbia Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Chelsea L Black
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA; Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Lucas S Broster
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- Institute of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Thomas H Kelly
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
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Gu R, Feng X, Broster LS, Yuan L, Xu P, Luo Y. Valence and magnitude ambiguity in feedback processing. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00672. [PMID: 28523218 PMCID: PMC5434181 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outcome feedback which indicates behavioral consequences are crucial for reinforcement learning and environmental adaptation. Nevertheless, outcome information in daily life is often totally or partially ambiguous. Studying how people interpret this kind of information would provide important knowledge about the human evaluative system. METHODS This study concentrates on the neural processing of partially ambiguous feedback, that is, either its valence or magnitude is unknown to participants. To address this topic, we sequentially presented valence and magnitude information; electroencephalography (EEG) response to each kind of presentation was recorded and analyzed. The event-related potential components feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P3 were used as indices of neural activity. RESULTS Consistent with previous literature, the FRN elicited by ambiguous valence was not significantly different from that elicited by negative valence. On the other hand, the FRN elicited by ambiguous magnitude was larger than both the large and small magnitude, indicating the motivation to seek unambiguous magnitude information. The P3 elicited by ambiguous valence and ambiguous magnitude was not significantly different from that elicited by negative valence and small magnitude, respectively, indicating the emotional significance of feedback ambiguity. Finally, the aforementioned effects also manifested in the stage of information integration. CONCLUSION These findings indicate both similarities and discrepancies between the processing of valence ambiguity and that of magnitude ambiguity, which may help understand the mechanisms of ambiguous information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral ScienceInstitute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of PsychologyStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA
| | - Xue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology of Ministry of EducationShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Lucas S. Broster
- Department of Behavioral ScienceUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Lu Yuan
- Institute of Affective and Social NeuroscienceCollege of Psychology and SociologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- School of Basic Medical SciencesChengdu Medical CollegeChengduChina
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Institute of Affective and Social NeuroscienceCollege of Psychology and SociologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Center for Emotion and BrainShenzhen Institute of NeuroscienceShenzhenChina
- Neuroimaging CenterUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Yue‐jia Luo
- Institute of Affective and Social NeuroscienceCollege of Psychology and SociologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Center for Emotion and BrainShenzhen Institute of NeuroscienceShenzhenChina
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Xia L, Gu R, Zhang D, Luo Y. Anxious Individuals Are Impulsive Decision-Makers in the Delay Discounting Task: An ERP Study. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:5. [PMID: 28174528 PMCID: PMC5258725 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulsivity, which is linked to a wide range of psychiatric disorders, is often characterized by a preference for immediate but smaller rewards over delayed but larger rewards. However, debate exists on the relationship between anxiety and impulsivity. Here we use event-related potential (ERP) components as biomarkers in the temporal discounting task to examine the effect of anxiety on inter-temporal decision-making. Our behavioral results indicated that the high trait anxiety (HTA) group made significantly more immediate choices than the low trait anxiety (LTA) group. Compared with the LTA group, shorter response time was associated with immediate rewards in the HTA group. Furthermore, previous studies have demonstrated three ERP components that are associated with impulsivity and/or delay discounting. First, the N1 is an early sensory component involved in selective attention and attention processing for goal-directed actions. Second, the reward positivity (RewP) reflects reward-related dopaminergic activity and encodes reward values. Third, the P3 is regarded as a measure of motivational significance in the decision-making literature. Accordingly, this study found in the immediate-option-evoked ERPs that the HTA group had a larger N1 than the LTA group did. For the delayed-option-evoked ERPs, the HTA group had larger N1 and RewP for the immediate choice than the LTA group did, while the LTA group had a larger P3 for the delayed choice than the HTA group did. These results support the notion that anxiety individuals are impulsive decision-makers in the Delay Discounting Task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Xia
- College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Institute of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, China
| | - Yuejia Luo
- Institute of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen, China
- Department of Psychology, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Shenzhen Institute of NeuroscienceShenzhen, China
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Wang Y, Gu R, Luo YJ, Zhou C. The interaction between state and dispositional emotions in decision making: An ERP study. Biol Psychol 2016; 123:126-135. [PMID: 27887980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, to investigate the influence of incidental emotions on decision making in high-anxious individuals, participants were required to perform a monetary gambling task. Behavioral and electroencephalography responses were recorded to explore the stages of option assessment and outcome evaluation during decision making, respectively. Incidental emotions were elicited by facial expression pictures presented on the background, which included four conditions (control, neutral, fearful, and happy). Results showed smaller feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitudes in high-anxious participants than low-anxious participants in the control, neutral, and fearful conditions, but not in the happy condition, for small outcomes. The P3 amplitudes were larger in high-anxious participants compared to their counterparts in the fearful and happy conditions, but not in the other conditions. In short, the interaction effects between trait anxiety and facial emotions manifested on the outcome evaluation stage of decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- Institute of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 5108060, China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Padrón I, Fernández-Rey J, Acuña C, Pardo-Vazquez JL. Representing the consequences of our actions trial by trial: Complex and flexible encoding of feedback valence and magnitude. Neuroscience 2016; 333:264-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Quilty LC, Lobo DSS, Zack M, Crewe-Brown C, Blaszczynski A. Hitting the jackpot: the influence of monetary payout on gambling behaviour. INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2016.1242022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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