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Batista AX, Bazán PR, Martin MDGM, Conforto AB, Hoshino M, Simon SS, Hampstead B, Figueiredo EG, Amaro E, Miotto EC. Perilesional and contralesional brain activations related to associative encoding of unfamiliar face-names pairs in adults with left chronic stroke with or without ischemic infarct on left inferior frontal gyrus. Cortex 2023; 168:27-48. [PMID: 37639907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The study of an Ischemic stroke infarction allows verifying how the lesion produces alterations in the neuronal networks resulting in cognitive deficits. It also allows the verification of adaptive and maladaptive cerebral reorganization related to the injury. In our previous fMRI study, we found that patients without ischemic vascular lesions in left inferior frontal gyrus showed an efficient compensation mechanism during the associative encoding of face name pairs, by the increased activation of ventrolateral and dorsolateral areas of contralesional hemisphere associated with better memory performance. While patients with ischemic vascular lesions on left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) demonstrated worse memory performance and no signs of compensation mechanism. The present study explores more of these findings by analyzing perilesional and contralesional activations related to unfamiliar face name associative encoding in adults with chronic ischemic stroke, with or without left IFG lesion, compared to healthy controls. The main results showed that stroke survivors without lesions in IFG demonstrated increased activation in perilesional and contralesional prefrontal regions associated with better associative memory recognition, which are indicative of adaptive compensatory mechanisms. However, they also showed a negative correlation between the activation of right anterior prefrontal and inferior parietal regions and the associative memory performance, which may indicate the presence of maladaptive interhemispheric disinhibition. On the other hand, stroke survivors with IFG lesions demonstrated negative correlations in activations of the ipsilesional inferior parietal cortex and positive correlations in activations of the left middle frontal gyrus and left precentral cortex, which demonstrate the simultaneous occurrence of adaptive and maladaptive brain reorganization mechanisms in this group. However, the increase in perilesional prefrontal regions, associated with bilateral activation of the hippocampus and amygdala, was not enough to compensate for the inefficiency of associative memory performance. Finally, the differences in activation observed in stroke survivors reflect their clinical heterogeneity and demonstrate that adaptive or maladaptive compensatory mechanisms can coexist in the same group of patients. Furthermore, they reinforce the importance of the left IFG in the associative encoding of unfamiliar face name pairs and may suggest a deficit in associative memory related to injury in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana X Batista
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Neuroimagem Funcional (NIF) - Laboratory of Medical Investigations on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (LIM-44), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Paulo R Bazán
- Neuroimagem Funcional (NIF) - Laboratory of Medical Investigations on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (LIM-44), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria da Graça M Martin
- Neuroimagem Funcional (NIF) - Laboratory of Medical Investigations on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (LIM-44), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana B Conforto
- Neuroimagem Funcional (NIF) - Laboratory of Medical Investigations on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (LIM-44), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício Hoshino
- Neuroimagem Funcional (NIF) - Laboratory of Medical Investigations on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (LIM-44), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sharon S Simon
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Hampstead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Edson Amaro
- Neuroimagem Funcional (NIF) - Laboratory of Medical Investigations on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (LIM-44), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliane C Miotto
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Neuroimagem Funcional (NIF) - Laboratory of Medical Investigations on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (LIM-44), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhong S, Chen P, Lai S, Zhang Y, Chen G, He J, Pan Y, Tang G, Wang Y, Jia Y. Hippocampal Dynamic Functional Connectivity, HPA Axis Activity, and Personality Trait in Bipolar Disorder with Suicidal Attempt. Neuroendocrinology 2023; 114:179-191. [PMID: 37729896 DOI: 10.1159/000534033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide in bipolar disorder (BD) is a multifaceted behavior, involving specific neuroendocrine and psychological mechanisms. According to previous studies, we hypothesized that suicidal BD patients may exhibit impaired dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) variability of hippocampal subregions and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, which may be associated with suicide-related personality traits. The objective of our study was to clarify this. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained from 79 patients with BD, 39 with suicidal attempt (SA), and 40 without SA, and 35 healthy controls (HCs). The activity of the HPA axis was assessed by measuring morning plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) levels. All participants underwent personality assessment using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). RESULTS BD patients with SA exhibited increased dFC variability between the right caudal hippocampus and the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) when compared with non-SA BD patients and HCs. BD with SA also showed significantly lower ACTH levels in comparison with HCs, which was positively correlated with increased dFC variability between the right caudal hippocampus and the left STG. BD with SA had significantly higher scores of Hypochondriasis, Depression, and Schizophrenia than non-SA BD. Additionally, multivariable regression analysis revealed the interaction of ACTH × dFC variability between the right caudal hippocampus and the left STG independently predicted MMPI-2 score (depression evaluation) in suicidal BD patients. CONCLUSION These results suggested that suicidal BD exhibited increased dFC variability of hippocampal-temporal cortex and less HPA axis hyperactivity, which may affect their personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,
| | - Pan Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunkai Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiliang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanmao Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali He
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youling Pan
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guixian Tang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Li J, Zhang X, Yang H, Yang M, Sun H. Lack of correlation between hippocampal substructure atrophy and attention dysfunction in deficit schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 9:24. [PMID: 37080983 PMCID: PMC10119300 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal abnormalities are an established finding in the neuroimaging study of schizophrenia. However, no studies have examined the possibility of regional hippocampal abnormalities specific to deficit schizophrenia (DS) and associations with the unique symptoms of this schizophrenia subtype. This study compared 33 DS and 39 non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS) patients and 38 healthy subjects for hippocampal subfield volumetry. Clinical symptoms were assessed by PANSS, cognition by the neurocognitive battery on the day of the MRI scan. The automatic hippocampal segmentation were preprocesses use FreeSurfer 7.2.0. Unfortunately, the associations between neurocognitive scores and hippocampal subfield volumes in the DS group were not significant after the Bonferroni correction. Our results did not support a causal relationship between hippocampal subregional atrophy and cognitive deficits in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, 11 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, 11 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haidong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, PR China
| | - Man Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated KangDa College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, PR China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, 11 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, China.
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Hairu R, Close JCT, Lord SR, Delbaere K, Wen W, Jiang J, Taylor ME. The association between white matter hyperintensity volume and cognitive/physical decline in older people with dementia: A one-year longitudinal study. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:2503-2510. [PMID: 34569854 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1980859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding the relationship between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cognitive and physical decline in people with dementia will assist in determining potential treatment strategies. Currently there is conflicting evidence describing the association between WMHs and cognitive decline and, WMHs association with declines in objective measures of physical function have not been examined. We examined the relationship between baseline WMH volume and physical/cognitive decline over one-year in older people with dementia. METHODS Twenty-six community-dwelling older people with dementia (mean age = 81 ± 8 years; 35% female) were assessed at baseline and follow-up (one-year) using the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (including verbal fluency), Trail Making Test A, the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA), timed-up-and-go (TUG) and gait speed. WMH volumes were quantified using a fully automated segmentation toolbox, UBO Detector. RESULTS In analyses adjusted for baseline performance, higher baseline WMH volume was associated with decline in executive function (verbal fluency), sensorimotor function (PPA) and mobility (TUG). Executive function (semantic/category fluency) was the only domain association that withstood adjustment for age, and additionally hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS In unadjusted analyses, WMH volume was associated with one-year declines in cognitive and physical function in older people with dementia. The association with executive function decline withstood adjustment for age. More research is needed to confirm these findings and explore whether vascular risk reduction strategies can reduce WMH volume and associated cognitive and physical impairments in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rismah Hairu
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacqueline C T Close
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen R Lord
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kim Delbaere
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Wen
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jiyang Jiang
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Morag E Taylor
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Design and Verbal Fluency in Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia: Clinical and Metabolic Correlates. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2022; 28:947-962. [PMID: 34569460 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721001144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive processes underlying verbal and design fluency, and their neural correlates in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and behavioural variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD) remain unclear. We hypothesised that verbal and design fluency may be associated with distinct neuropsychological processes in AD and FTD, showing different patterns of impairment and neural basis. METHODS We enrolled 142 participants including patients with AD (n = 80, mean age = 74.71), bvFTD (n = 34, mean age = 68.18), and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 28, mean age = 71.14), that underwent cognitive assessment and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging. RESULTS Semantic and phonemic fluency showed the largest effect sizes between groups, showing lower scores in bvFTD than AD and HCs, and lower scores in AD than HC. Both AD and bvFTD showed a lower number of unique designs in design fluency in comparison to HC. Semantic fluency was correlated with left frontotemporal lobe in AD, and with left frontal, caudate, and thalamus in bvFTD. Percentage of unique designs in design fluency was associated with the metabolism of the bilateral fronto-temporo-parietal cortex in AD, and the bilateral frontal cortex with right predominance in bvFTD. Repetitions in AD were correlated with bilateral frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, and with left prefrontal cortex in bvFTD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate differential underlying cognitive processes in verbal and design fluency in AD and bvFTD. While memory and executive functioning associated with fronto-temporo-parietal regions were key in AD, attention and executive functions correlated with the frontal cortex and played a more significant role in bvFTD during fluency tasks.
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Resting state effective connectivity abnormalities of the Papez circuit and cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3913-3919. [PMID: 35624146 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Papez circuit is central to memory and emotional processes. However, little is known about its involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to investigate abnormalities of resting state (RS) effective connectivity (EC) between regions of the Papez circuit in MS and their relationship with cognitive performances. Sixty-two MS patients and 64 healthy controls (HC) underwent neuropsychological assessment, 3D T1-weighted, and RS functional MRI. RS EC analysis was performed using SPM12 and dynamic causal modeling. RS EC abnormalities were investigated using parametric empirical Bayes models and were correlated with cognitive scores. Compared to HC, MS patients showed (posterior probability > 0.95) higher EC between the right entorhinal cortex and right subiculum, and lower EC from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) to the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), from left to right subiculum, from left anterior thalamus to ACC, and within ACC and PCC. Lower RS EC from the ACC to the PCC correlated with worse global cognitive scores (rho = 0.19; p = 0.03), worse visuospatial memory (rho = 0.19; p = 0.03) and worse semantic fluency (rho = 0.21; p = 0.02). Lower RS EC from the left to the right subiculum correlated with worse verbal memory (rho = 0.20; p = 0.02), lower RS EC within the ACC correlated with worse attention (rho = -0.19; p = 0.04) and more severe brain atrophy (rho = -0.26; p = 0.003). Higher EC from the right entorhinal cortex to right subiculum correlated with worse semantic fluency (rho = 0.21; p = 0.02). In conclusion, MS patients showed altered RS EC within the Papez circuit. Abnormal RS EC involving cingulate cortices and hippocampal formation contributed to explain cognitive deficits.
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Lilja-Lund O, Nyberg L, Maripuu M, Laurell K. Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults With and Without Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:904194. [PMID: 35707704 PMCID: PMC9190777 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.904194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of the main features of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) are disturbed gait and cognition. These features are typically investigated separately, but here we combined walking with a cognitive task to investigate if older adults with iNPH were more susceptible to dual-task interference on walking than those without iNPH. In total, 95 individuals from the general population participated in our study. Of these, 20 were classified as Possible iNPH (median [interquartile range, IQR] 80 years [75–82.5]) and 75 as Unlikely iNPH (74 years [72–78]). Conversation, 10-m walking, semantic and phonemic verbal fluency were performed either combined or independently. “Stopping walking while talking” was noted. Pairwise comparisons and multiple logistic regression analyses were used. We found that the Possible iNPH group was older, stopped walking more frequently during the conversation, and had a slower single-task pace. The dual-task pace was slower for both groups. Only single-task walking pace could predict Possible iNPH when adjusted for age. We could establish a dual-task cost on gait performance in this sample of older adults from the general population, but the cost was not exclusive for individuals with Possible iNPH. To further assess the value of dual-task testing in iNPH, including observations of stopping walking while talking, a study of a clinical iNPH material with more severe symptoms would be valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto Lilja-Lund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Otto Lilja-Lund,
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Maripuu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katarina Laurell
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Tiedt HO, Ehlen F, Klostermann F. Dopamine-Related Reduction of Semantic Spreading Activation in Patients With Parkinson's Disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:837122. [PMID: 35431839 PMCID: PMC9008217 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.837122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired performance in verbal fluency (VF) tasks is a frequent observation in Parkinson's disease (PD). As to the nature of the underlying cognitive deficit, it is commonly attributed to a frontal-type dysexecutive syndrome due to nigrostriatal dopamine depletion. Whereas dopaminergic medication typically improves VF performance in PD, e.g., by ameliorating impaired lexical switching, its effect on semantic network activation is unclear. Data from priming studies suggest that dopamine causes a faster decay of semantic activation spread. The aim of the current study was to examine the impact of dopaminergic medication on the dynamic change of word frequency during VF performance as a measure of semantic spreading activation. To this end, we performed a median split analysis of word frequency during phonemic and semantic VF task performance in a PD group tested while receiving dopaminergic medication (ON) as well as after drug withdrawal (i.e., OFF), and in a sample of age-matched healthy volunteers (both groups n = 26). Dopaminergic medication in the PD group significantly affected phonemic VF with improved word production as well as increased error-rates. The expected decrease of word frequency during VF task performance was significantly smaller in the PD group ON medication than in healthy volunteers across semantic and phonemic VF. No significant group-difference emerged between controls and the PD group in the OFF condition. The comparison between both treatment conditions within the PD group did not reach statistical significance. The observed pattern of results indicates a faster decay of semantic network activation during lexical access in PD patients on dopaminergic medication. In view of improved word generation, this finding is consistent with a concept of more focused neural activity by an increased signal-to-noise ratio due to dopaminergic neuromodulation. However, the effect of dopaminergic stimulation on VF output suggests a trade-off between these beneficial effects and increased error-rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Ole Tiedt
- Department of Neurology, Motor and Cognition Group, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universitätzu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felicitas Ehlen
- Department of Neurology, Motor and Cognition Group, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universitätzu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Jüdisches Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Klostermann
- Department of Neurology, Motor and Cognition Group, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universitätzu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Xiao F, Caciagli L, Wandschneider B, Joshi B, Vos SB, Hill A, Galovic M, Long L, Sone D, Trimmel K, Sander JW, Zhou D, Thompson PJ, Baxendale S, Duncan JS, Koepp MJ. Effect of Anti-seizure Medications on Functional Anatomy of Language: A Perspective From Language Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:787272. [PMID: 35280343 PMCID: PMC8908426 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.787272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In epilepsy, cognitive difficulties are common, partly a consequence of anti-seizure medications (ASM), and cognitive side-effects are often considered to be more disabling than seizures and significantly affect quality of life. Functional MRI during verbal fluency tasks demonstrated impaired frontal activation patterns and failed default mode network deactivation in people taking ASM with unfavourable cognitive profiles. The cognitive effect of ASMs given at different dosages in monotherapy, or in different combinations, remains to be determined. Methods Here, we compared the effects of different drug loads on verbal fluency functional MRI (fMRI) in people (i) taking dual therapy of ASMs either considered to be associated with moderate (levetiracetam, lamotrigine, lacosamide, carbamazepine/oxcarbazepine, eslicarbazepine, valproic acid; n = 119, 56 females) or severe (topiramate, zonisamide) side-effects; n = 119, 56 females), (ii) taking moderate ASMs in either mono-, dual- or triple-therapy (60 subjects in each group), or (iii) taking different dosages of ASMs with moderate side-effect profiles (n = 180). “Drug load” was defined as a composite value of numbers and dosages of medications, normalised to account for the highest and lowest dose of each specific prescribed medication. Results In people taking “moderate” ASMs (n = 119), we observed higher verbal-fluency related to left inferior frontal gyrus and right inferior parietal fMRI activations than in people taking “severe” ASMs (n = 119). Irrespective of the specific ASM, people on monotherapy (n = 60), showed greater frontal activations than people taking two (n = 60), or three ASMs (n = 60). People on two ASMs showed less default mode (precuneus) deactivation than those on monotherapy. In people treated with “moderate” ASMs (n = 180), increased drug load correlated with reduced activation of language-related regions and the right piriform cortex. Conclusion Our study delineates the effects of polytherapy and high doses of ASMs when given in monotherapy on the functional anatomy of language. Irrespective of the cognitive profile of individual ASMs, each additional ASM results in additional alterations of cognitive activation patterns. Selection of ASMs with moderate cognitive side effects, and low doses of ASMs when given in polytherapy, could reduce the cognitive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglai Xiao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Caciagli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Britta Wandschneider
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, The Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bhavini Joshi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
| | - Sjoerd B. Vos
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
- UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroradiology, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Hill
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
| | - Marian Galovic
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lili Long
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daichi Sone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Trimmel
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josemir W. Sander
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, Heemstede, Netherlands
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pamela J. Thompson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
| | - Sallie Baxendale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
| | - John S. Duncan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias J. Koepp
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Matthias J. Koepp,
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Suárez-Méndez I, Bruña R, López-Sanz D, Montejo P, Montenegro-Peña M, Delgado-Losada ML, Marcos Dolado A, López-Higes R, Maestú F. Cognitive Training Modulates Brain Hypersynchrony in a Population at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1185-1199. [PMID: 35180120 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrated that brain hypersynchrony is an early sign of dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) that can represent a proxy for clinical progression. Conversely, non-pharmacological interventions, such as cognitive training (COGTR), are associated with cognitive gains that may be underpinned by a neuroprotective effect on brain synchrony. OBJECTIVE To study the potential of COGTR to modulate brain synchrony and to eventually revert the hypersynchrony phenomenon that characterizes preclinical AD. METHODS The effect of COGTR was examined in a sample of healthy controls (HC, n = 41, 22 trained) and individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 49, 24 trained). Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) activity and neuropsychological scores were acquired before and after a ten-week COGTR intervention aimed at improving cognitive function and daily living performance. Functional connectivity (FC) was analyzed using the phase-locking value. A mixed-effects ANOVA model with factors time (pre-intervention/post-intervention), training (trained/non-trained), and diagnosis (HC/SCD) was used to investigate significant changes in FC. RESULTS We found an average increase in alpha-band FC over time, but the effect was different in each group (trained and non-trained). In the trained group (HC and SCD), we report a reduction in the increase in FC within temporo-parietal and temporo-occipital connections. In the trained SCD group, this reduction was stronger and showed a tentative correlation with improved performance in different cognitive tests. CONCLUSION COGTR interventions could mitigate aberrant increases in FC in preclinical AD, promoting brain synchrony normalization in groups at a higher risk of developing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Suárez-Méndez
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Bruña
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - David López-Sanz
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Montejo
- Center for the Prevention of Cognitive Impairment (Madrid Salud), Madrid City Council, Spain
| | - Mercedes Montenegro-Peña
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.,Center for the Prevention of Cognitive Impairment (Madrid Salud), Madrid City Council, Spain
| | - María Luisa Delgado-Losada
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ramón López-Higes
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Center for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Tung H, Lin WH, Hsieh PF, Lan TH, Chiang MC, Lin YY, Peng SJ. Left Frontotemporal Region Plays a Key Role in Letter Fluency Task-Evoked Activation and Functional Connectivity in Normal Subjects: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:810685. [PMID: 35722586 PMCID: PMC9205401 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.810685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Letter fluency task (LFT) is a tool that measures memory, executive function, and language function but lacks a definite cutoff value to define abnormalities. We used the optical signals of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to study the differences in power and connectivity between the high-functioning and low-functioning participants while performing three successive LFTs, as well as the relationships between the brain network/power and LFT performance. We found that the most differentiating factor between these two groups was network topology rather than activation power. The high-functional group (7 men and 10 women) displayed higher left intra-hemispheric global efficiency, nodal strength, and shorter characteristic path length in the first section. They then demonstrated a higher power over the left Broca's area than the right corresponding area in the latter two sections. The low-LFT group (9 men and 11 women) displayed less left-lateralized connectivity and activation power. LFT performance was only related to the network topology rather than the power values, which was only presented in the low-functioning group in the second section. The direct correlation between power and connectivity primarily existed in the inter-hemispheric network, with the timing relationship also seeming to be present. In conclusion, the high-functioning group presented more prominent left-lateralized intra-hemispheric network connectivity and power activation, particularly in the Broca's area. The low-functioning group seemed to prefer using other networks, like the inter-hemispheric, rather than having a single focus on left intra-hemispheric connectivity. The network topology seemed to better reflect the LFT performance than did the power values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Tung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Faculty Development, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Epilepsy, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hao Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peiyuan F Hsieh
- Division of Epilepsy, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsuo-Hung Lan
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yang Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syu-Jyun Peng
- Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Lopez-Soley E, Martinez-Heras E, Andorra M, Solanes A, Radua J, Montejo C, Alba-Arbalat S, Sola-Valls N, Pulido-Valdeolivas I, Sepulveda M, Romero-Pinel L, Munteis E, Martínez-Rodríguez JE, Blanco Y, Martinez-Lapiscina EH, Villoslada P, Saiz A, Solana E, Llufriu S. Dynamics and Predictors of Cognitive Impairment along the Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11111107. [PMID: 34834459 PMCID: PMC8624684 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The evolution and predictors of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are poorly understood. We aimed to define the temporal dynamics of cognition throughout the disease course and identify clinical and neuroimaging measures that predict CI. (2) Methods: This paper features a longitudinal study with 212 patients who underwent several cognitive examinations at different time points. Dynamics of cognition were assessed using mixed-effects linear spline models. Machine learning techniques were used to identify which baseline demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging measures best predicted CI. (3) Results: In the first 5 years of MS, we detected an increase in the z-scores of global cognition, verbal memory, and information processing speed, which was followed by a decline in global cognition and memory (p < 0.05) between years 5 and 15. From 15 to 30 years of disease onset, cognitive decline continued, affecting global cognition and verbal memory. The baseline measures that best predicted CI were education, disease severity, lesion burden, and hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex volume. (4) Conclusions: In MS, cognition deteriorates 5 years after disease onset, declining steadily over the next 25 years and more markedly affecting verbal memory. Education, disease severity, lesion burden, and volume of limbic structures predict future CI and may be helpful when identifying at-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Lopez-Soley
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Eloy Martinez-Heras
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Magi Andorra
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Aleix Solanes
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, IDIBAPS and CIBERSAM, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, IDIBAPS and CIBERSAM, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (A.S.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Carmen Montejo
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Salut Alba-Arbalat
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Nuria Sola-Valls
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Irene Pulido-Valdeolivas
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Sepulveda
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Lucia Romero-Pinel
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Elvira Munteis
- Neurology Department: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.M.); (J.E.M.-R.)
| | - Jose E. Martínez-Rodríguez
- Neurology Department: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (E.M.); (J.E.M.-R.)
| | - Yolanda Blanco
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Pablo Villoslada
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Albert Saiz
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Elisabeth Solana
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (S.L.); Tel.: +34-932275414 (E.S. & S.L.); Fax: +34-932275783 (E.S. & S.L.)
| | - Sara Llufriu
- Center of Neuroimmunology, Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (E.L.-S.); (E.M.-H.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (S.A.-A.); (N.S.-V.); (I.P.-V.); (M.S.); (Y.B.); (E.H.M.-L.); (P.V.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (S.L.); Tel.: +34-932275414 (E.S. & S.L.); Fax: +34-932275783 (E.S. & S.L.)
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13
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Paschoal AM, da Silva PHR, Rondinoni C, Arrigo IV, Paiva FF, Leoni RF. Semantic verbal fluency brain network: delineating a physiological basis for the functional hubs using dual-echo ASL and graph theory approach. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34087805 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac0864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Semantic verbal fluency (SFV) is a cognitive process that engages and modulates specific brain areas related to language comprehension and production, decision making, response inhibition, and memory retrieval. The impairment of the brain network responsible for these functions is related to various neurological conditions, and different strategies have been proposed to assess SVF-related deficits in such diseases. In the present study, the concomitant changes of brain perfusion and functional connectivity were investigated during the resting state and SVF task performance.Approach. Arterial spin labeling (ASL), a perfusion-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method, was used with a pseudocontinuous labeling approach and dual-echo readout in 28 healthy right-handed Brazilian Portuguese speakers. The acquisition was performed in a resting state condition and during the performance of a SVF task.Main results. During task performance, a significant increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) was observed in language-related regions of the frontal lobe, including Brodmann's areas 6, 9, 45, and 47, associated with semantic processing, word retrieval, and speech motor programming. Such regions, along with the posterior cingulate, showed a crucial role in the SVF functional network, assessed by seed-to-voxel and graph analysis. Our approach successfully overcame the generalization problem regarding functional MRI (fMRI) graph analysis with cognitive, task-based paradigms. Moreover, the CBF maps enabled the functional assessment of orbital frontal and temporal regions commonly affected by magnetic susceptibility artifacts in conventional T2*-weighted fMRI approaches.Significance. Our results demonstrated the capability of ASL to evaluate perfusion alterations and functional patterns simultaneously regarding the SVF network providing a quantitative physiological basis to functional hubs in this network, which may support future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Monteiro Paschoal
- LIM44, Instituto e Departamento de Radiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Inbrain Lab, Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Carlo Rondinoni
- Inbrain Lab, Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renata Ferranti Leoni
- Inbrain Lab, Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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14
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Tung H, Lin WH, Lan TH, Hsieh PF, Chiang MC, Lin YY, Peng SJ. Network reorganization during verbal fluency task in fronto-temporal epilepsy: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:541-549. [PMID: 33990025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This is the first study to use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate how the lateralization of the epileptogenic zone affects the reconfiguration of task-related network patterns. Eleven left fronto-temporal epilepsy (L-FTE) and 11 right fronto-temporal epilepsy (R-FTE), as well as 22 age- and gender-matched controls, were enrolled. Signals from 52-channel fNIRS were recorded while the subject was undertaking verbal fluency tasks (VFTs), which included categorical (CFT) and letter (LFT) fluency tasks. Three analytic methods were used to study the network topology: network-based analysis, hub identification, and proportional threshold to select the top 20% strongest connections for both graph theory parameters and clinical correlation. Performance of CFT is accomplished primarily using the ventral pathway, and bilateral ventral pathways are augmented in fronto-temporal epilepsy patients by strengthening the inter-hemispheric connections, especially for R-FTE. LFT mainly employed the dorsal pathway, and further prioritized the left dorsal pathway in strengthening intra-hemispheric connections in fronto-temporal epilepsy, especially L-FTE. The top 20% of the strongest connections only present differences in CFT network compared with the controls. R-FTE increased inter-hemispheric network density, while L-FTE decreased inter-hemispheric average characteristic path length. Accumulative seizure burden only affects L-FTE network. Better LFT performance and longer educational years seem to promote left fronto-temporal networks, and decreased the demand from RR intra-hemispheric connectivity in L-FTE. LFT scores in R-FTE are maintained by preserved RR intra-hemispheric networks. However, CFT scores and educational years seem to have no effect on the CFT network topology in both FTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Tung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan; Center of Faculty Development, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Division of Epilepsy, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hao Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsuo-Hung Lan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Peiyuan F Hsieh
- Division of Epilepsy, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yang Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Syu-Jyun Peng
- Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Kaskikallio A, Karrasch M, Koikkalainen J, Lötjönen J, Rinne JO, Tuokkola T, Parkkola R, Grönholm-Nyman P. Effects of White Matter Hyperintensities on Verbal Fluency in Healthy Older Adults and MCI/AD. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:614809. [PMID: 34025385 PMCID: PMC8134546 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.614809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are markers for cerebrovascular pathology, which are frequently seen in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Verbal fluency is often impaired especially in AD, but little research has been conducted concerning the specific effects of WMH on verbal fluency in MCI and AD. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to examine the relationship between WMH and verbal fluency in healthy old age and pathological aging (MCI/AD) using quantified MRI data. METHODS Measures for semantic and phonemic fluency as well as quantified MRI imaging data from a sample of 42 cognitively healthy older adults and 44 patients with MCI/AD (total n = 86) were utilized. Analyses were performed both using the total sample that contained seven left-handed/ambidextrous participants, as well with a sample containing only right-handed participants (n = 79) in order to guard against possible confounding effects regarding language lateralization. RESULTS After controlling for age and education and adjusting for multiple correction, WMH in the bilateral frontal and parieto-occipital areas as well as the right temporal area were associated with semantic fluency in cognitively healthy and MCI/AD patients but only in the models containing solely right-handed participants. CONCLUSION The results indicate that white matter pathology in both frontal and parieto-occipital cerebral areas may have associations with impaired semantic fluency in right-handed older adults. However, elevated levels of WMH do not seem to be associated with cumulative effects on verbal fluency impairment in patients with MCI or AD. Further studies on the subject are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alar Kaskikallio
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Mira Karrasch
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Juha O. Rinne
- Turku PET-Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Riitta Parkkola
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Turku, Turku, Finland
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White matter pathways underlying Chinese semantic and phonological fluency in mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychologia 2020; 149:107671. [PMID: 33189733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging evidence has suggested that Chinese-language processing differs from that of its alphabetic-language counterparts. However, the underlying white matter pathway correlations between semantic and phonological fluency in Chinese-language processing remain unknown. Thus, we investigated the differences between two verbal fluency tests on 50 participants with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 36 healthy controls (HC) with respect to five groups (ventral and dorsal stream fibers, frontal-striatal fibers, hippocampal-related fibers, and the corpus callosum) of white matter microstructural integrity. Diffusion spectrum imaging was used. The results revealed a progressive reduction in advantage in semantic fluency relative to phonological fluency from HC to single-domain aMCI to multidomain aMCI. Common and dissociative white matter correlations between tests of the two types of fluency were identified. Both types of fluency relied on the corpus callosum and ventral stream fibers, semantic fluency relied on the hippocampal-related fibers, and phonological fluency relied on the dorsal stream and frontal-striatal fibers. The involvement of bilateral tracts of interest as well as the association with the corpus callosum indicate the uniqueness of Chinese-language fluency processing. Dynamic associations were noted between white matter tract involvement and performance on the two fluency tests in four time blocks. Overall, our findings suggest the clinical utility of verbal fluency tests in geriatric populations, and they elucidate both task-specific and language-specific brain-behavior associations.
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Paek EJ, Murray LL, Newman SD. Neural Correlates of Verb Fluency Performance in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults and Individuals With Dementia: A Pilot fMRI Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:73. [PMID: 32265685 PMCID: PMC7100367 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently there are ~6 million Americans who are affected by dementia. Verbal fluency tasks have been commonly and frequently utilized to document the disease progression in many forms of dementia. Verb fluency has been found to display substantial potential to detect and monitor the cognitive declines of individuals with dementia who have fronto-striatal involvement. The neural substrates underlying verb fluency task performance, however, have remained unclear so far, especially in individuals with dementia. Therefore, in the current study, brain activation patterns of seven individuals with dementia and nine healthy older adults were investigated using functional MRI. The participants performed in the scanner an overt, subject-paced verb fluency task, representative of fluency tasks used in clinical settings. The brain activation patterns during the verb fluency task were compared between the two groups, and a correlational analysis was conducted to determine the neural correlates of verb fluency performance. The results suggest that compared to healthy older adults, individuals with dementia demonstrated poorer verb fluency performance and showed higher activation in specific neural regions, such as the bilateral frontal lobe. In addition, the correlational analysis revealed that poorer verb fluency performance lead to increased activation in certain cortical and subcortical areas, including left hippocampus and right supramarginal gyrus. The current findings are consistent with previous neurophysiological findings related to semantic (noun) fluency performance in older adults and individuals with dementia and add to the empirical evidence that supports the role of the frontal lobe and hippocampus in verb retrieval and search. Declines in verb fluency performance cannot only be used as a cognitive marker, but also represent neuropathological changes due to the neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jin Paek
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Laura L. Murray
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University London, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sharlene D. Newman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
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18
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Williams Roberson S, Shah P, Piai V, Gatens H, Krieger AM, Lucas TH, Litt B. Electrocorticography reveals spatiotemporal neuronal activation patterns of verbal fluency in patients with epilepsy. Neuropsychologia 2020; 141:107386. [PMID: 32105726 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Verbal fluency is commonly used to evaluate cognitive dysfunction in a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases, yet the neurobiology underlying performance of this task is incompletely understood. Electrocorticography (ECoG) provides a unique opportunity to investigate temporal activation patterns during cognitive tasks with high spatial and temporal precision. We used ECoG to study high gamma activity (HGA) patterns in patients undergoing presurgical evaluation for intractable epilepsy as they completed an overt, free-recall verbal fluency task. We examined regions demonstrating changes in HGA during specific timeframes relative to speech onset. Early pre-speech high gamma activity was present in left frontal regions during letter fluency and in bifrontal regions during category fluency. During timeframes typically associated with word planning, a distributed network was engaged including left inferior frontal, orbitofrontal and posterior temporal regions. Peri-Rolandic activation was observed during speech onset, and there was post-speech activation in the bilateral posterior superior temporal regions. Based on these observations in the context of prior studies, we propose a model of neocortical activity patterns underlying verbal fluency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawniqua Williams Roberson
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, 240 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Preya Shah
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, 240 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Vitória Piai
- Radboud University, Donders Centre for Cognition, Montessorilaan 3, 6525HR, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Medical Psychology, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Heather Gatens
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, 240 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Abba M Krieger
- University of Pennsylvania, The Wharton School, 3730 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Timothy H Lucas
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, 240 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Brian Litt
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, 240 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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19
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Palacio N, Cardenas F. A systematic review of brain functional connectivity patterns involved in episodic and semantic memory. Rev Neurosci 2019; 30:889-902. [PMID: 31323012 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2018-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The study of functional connectivity and declarative memory has lately been focused on finding biomarkers of neuropsychological diseases. However, little is known about its patterns in healthy brains. Thus, in this systematic review we analyze and integrate the findings of 81 publications regarding functional connectivity (measured by fMRI during both task and resting-state) and semantic and episodic memory in healthy adults. Moreover, we discriminate and analyze the main areas and links found in specific memory phases (encoding, storage or retrieval) based on several criteria, such as time length, depth of processing, rewarding value of the information, vividness and amount or kind of details retrieved. There is a certain degree of overlap between the networks of episodic and semantic memory and between the encoding and retrieval stages. Although several differences are pointed out during the article, this calls to attention the need for further empirical studies that actively compare both types of memory, particularly using other baseline conditions apart from the traditional resting state. Indeed, the active involvement of the default mode network in both declarative memory and resting condition suggests the possibility that during rest there is an on-going memory processing. We find support for the 'attention to memory' hypothesis, the memory differentiation model and the appropriate transfer hypothesis, but some evidence is inconsistent with the traditional hub-and-spoke model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Palacio
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 #18A-12, Bogota 11, Colombia
| | - Fernando Cardenas
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 #18A-12, Bogota 11, Colombia
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20
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Damasceno A, Pimentel-Silva LR, Damasceno BP, Cendes F. Cognitive trajectories in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal 6-year study. Mult Scler 2019; 26:1740-1751. [PMID: 31603042 DOI: 10.1177/1352458519878685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information concerning longitudinal cognitive trajectories in multiple sclerosis (MS) is relatively scarce. Moreover, it is unclear which factors are associated with cognitive decline and what is the clinical impact of cognitive impairment (CI) in the long run. OBJECTIVE To investigate cognitive trajectories in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, analyzing clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predictors of cognitive decline. METHODS We enrolled 42 patients and 30 controls. They underwent brain MRI and clinical/neuropsychological evaluation at baseline and after 1, 2, and 6 years. We evaluated cognitive domains with principal component analysis and performed multivariable regression analyzing predictors of clinical/cognitive deterioration. We also performed repeated measures analysis to assess whether clinical progression was different according to CI at baseline. RESULTS A total of 23 (62.2%) patients deteriorated in combined cognitive domains after 6 years, most in processing speed and memory. The number of baseline impaired cognitive domains was strongly associated with 6-year cognitive (R2 = 0.452; p < 0.001) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) deterioration (R2 = 0.263; p < 0.001). Patients with baseline CI in combined domains had worse clinical progression. CONCLUSION Isolated CI tends to become more widespread, affecting memory and processing speed alongside. The extent of baseline CI was the best predictor of both clinical and cognitive deterioration after 6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Damasceno
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil/Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Benito Pereira Damasceno
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil/Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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21
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Blecher T, Miron S, Schneider GG, Achiron A, Ben-Shachar M. Association Between White Matter Microstructure and Verbal Fluency in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1607. [PMID: 31379663 PMCID: PMC6657651 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Verbal fluency refers to the ability to generate words quickly and efficiently according to predefined phonological or semantic criteria. Deficits in verbal fluency limit patients’ ability to communicate effectively and to function well in social setups. Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients suffer from various cognitive impairments, and some of them experience language deficits as well. The goal of this study is to examine the contribution of the dorsal and ventral language pathways to verbal fluency in MS patients. All patients (N = 33) underwent diffusion MRI (dMRI) and fluency measurements. Diffusion parameters were calculated along dorsal and ventral language-related pathways and their right-hemispheric homologs, identified individually in each patient. Significant correlations were found between fluency measures and mean fractional anisotropy (FA) in several pathways, including the left fronto-temporal arcuate fasciculus (AFft), bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), and bilateral frontal aslant tract. Along-tract correlations revealed a more selective pattern of associations: letter-based fluency was associated with FA in a segment of the left AFft (dorsal pathway), while category-based fluency was associated with FA in a segment of the right IFOF (ventral pathway). The observed pattern of associations, mapping letter-based fluency to the dorsal stream and category-based fluency to the ventral stream, fits well within the dual stream framework of language processing. Further studies will be necessary to assess whether these associations generalize to the typical adult population or whether they are tied to the clinical state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Blecher
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shmuel Miron
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Anat Achiron
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Ben-Shachar
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of English Literature and Linguistics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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22
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Bai T, Wei Q, Xie W, Wang A, Wang J, JI GJ, Wang K, Tian Y. Hippocampal-subregion functional alterations associated with antidepressant effects and cognitive impairments of electroconvulsive therapy. Psychol Med 2019; 49:1357-1364. [PMID: 30229715 PMCID: PMC6518386 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718002684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), an effective antidepressive treatment, is frequently accompanied by cognitive impairment (predominantly memory), usually transient and self-limited. The hippocampus is a key region involved in memory and emotion processing, and in particular, the anterior-posterior hippocampal subregions has been shown to be associated with emotion and memory. However, less is known about the relationship between hippocampal-subregion alterations following ECT and antidepressant effects or cognitive impairments. METHODS Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) based on the seeds of hippocampal subregions were investigated in 45 pre- and post-ECT depressed patients. Structural connectivity between hippocampal subregions and corresponding functionally abnormal regions was also conducted using probabilistic tractography. Antidepressant effects and cognitive impairments were measured by the Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Category Verbal Fluency Test (CVFT), respectively. Their relationships with hippocampal-subregions alterations were examined. RESULTS After ECT, patients showed increased RSFC in the hippocampal emotional subregion (HIPe) with the left middle occipital gyrus (LMOG) and right medial temporal gyrus (RMTG). Decreased HDRS was associated with increased HIPe-RMTG RSFC (r = -0.316, p = 0.035) significantly and increased HIPe-LMOG RSFC at trend level (r = -0.283, p = 0.060). In contrast, the hippocampal cognitive subregion showed decreased RSFC with the bilateral angular gyrus, and was correlated with decreased CVFT (r = 0.418, p = 0.015 for left; r = 0.356, p = 0.042 for right). No significant changes were found in structural connectivity. CONCLUSION The hippocampal-subregions functional alterations may be specially associated with the antidepressant and cognitive effects of ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongjian Bai
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Anzhen Wang
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Gong-Jun JI
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China
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23
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Regional neuropathology distribution and verbal fluency impairments in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019; 65:73-78. [PMID: 31109728 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Verbal fluency deficits are common in patients with Parkinson's disease. The association of these impairments with regional neuropathological changes is unexplored. OBJECTIVES Determine if patients with verbal fluency impairments have greater neuropathological burden in frontal, temporal, and limbic regions and if Lewy bodies or neurofibrillary tangles were associated with verbal fluency impairments. METHODS Data was derived from the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders. 47 individuals who completed phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tasks and met clinicopathological criteria for Parkinson's disease (with and without comorbid Alzheimer's disease) were included. Impairment on fluency tasks was defined by normative data, and the density of neuropathology in temporal, limbic, and frontal regions was compared between groups. RESULTS Individuals with semantic fluency impairments had greater total pathology (Lewy bodies + neurofibrillary tangles) in limbic structures (W = 320.0, p = .033, rpb = .33), while those who had phonemic fluency impairments had increased total neuropathology in frontal (W = 364.5, p = .011, rpb = .37), temporal (W = 356.5, p = .022, rpb = .34), and limbic regions (W = 357.0, p = .024, rpb = .34). Greater Lewy body density was found in those with verbal fluency impairments, though trends for greater neurofibrillary tangle density were noted as well. CONCLUSIONS Impaired phonemic fluency was associated with higher Lewy body and tangle burden in frontal, temporal, and limbic regions, while impaired semantic fluency was associated with greater limbic pathology. Though neurofibrillary tangles trended higher in several regions in those with impaired verbal fluency, higher Lewy body density in general was associated with verbal fluency deficits. Implications for research and clinical practice are discussed.
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24
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Lopes TM, Campos BM, Zanão TA, Balthazar MLF, Yasuda CL, Cendes F. Hippocampal atrophy disrupts the language network but not hemispheric language lateralization. Epilepsia 2019; 60:744-755. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tátila Martins Lopes
- Neuroimaging LaboratoryDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Brunno Machado Campos
- Neuroimaging LaboratoryDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Tamires Araújo Zanão
- Neuroimaging LaboratoryDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | | | - Clarissa Lin Yasuda
- Neuroimaging LaboratoryDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Neuroimaging LaboratoryDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
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25
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Nation DA, Sweeney MD, Montagne A, Sagare AP, D'Orazio LM, Pachicano M, Sepehrband F, Nelson AR, Buennagel DP, Harrington MG, Benzinger TLS, Fagan AM, Ringman JM, Schneider LS, Morris JC, Chui HC, Law M, Toga AW, Zlokovic BV. Blood-brain barrier breakdown is an early biomarker of human cognitive dysfunction. Nat Med 2019; 25:270-276. [PMID: 30643288 PMCID: PMC6367058 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 892] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Nation
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melanie D Sweeney
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Axel Montagne
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Abhay P Sagare
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lina M D'Orazio
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maricarmen Pachicano
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Farshid Sepehrband
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy R Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,The Hope Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anne M Fagan
- The Hope Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,The Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John M Ringman
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lon S Schneider
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John C Morris
- The Hope Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Helena C Chui
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Meng Law
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arthur W Toga
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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26
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Camodeca A, Todd KQ, Hosack A. Intact verbal fluency abilities in the Broad Autism Phenotype. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:443-452. [PMID: 30316172 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to replicate the findings of Camodeca and Voelker (2016), who demonstrated that controlled processing weaknesses were evident in the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP), and that these weaknesses were predictive of real-world pragmatic language problems. One hundred eighty-two undergraduates completed the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Verbal Fluency (D-KEFS-VF) test and the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ). Results were partially replicated. Contrary to the previous study, the BAP group (n = 31) did not demonstrate comparative weaknesses in controlled processing, nor were controlled processing abilities predictive of BAPQ Pragmatic Language score. Similar to the previous study, controlled processing did not predict pragmatic language abilities for Non-BAP (n = 151) subjects. For each group, letter fluency score predicted 2nd 15″ interval score (controlled processing abilities); automatic processing (1st 15″ interval) did not. Results suggest that verbal fluency skills in the BAP are similar to controls, and that controlled processing does not account for significant variance in real-world social language in the BAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Camodeca
- The Pennsylvania State University, 100 University Drive, Monaca, PA 15061, USA.
| | - Kylie Q Todd
- The Pennsylvania State University, 100 University Drive, Monaca, PA 15061, USA
| | - Alexandra Hosack
- The Pennsylvania State University, 100 University Drive, Monaca, PA 15061, USA
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27
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Marron TR, Lerner Y, Berant E, Kinreich S, Shapira-Lichter I, Hendler T, Faust M. Chain free association, creativity, and the default mode network. Neuropsychologia 2018; 118:40-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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28
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Hypermetabolism in the hippocampal formation of cognitively impaired patients indicates detrimental maladaptation. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 65:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Allali G, Laidet M, Armand S, Saj A, Krack P, Assal F. Apathy in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A marker of reversible gait disorders. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 33:735-742. [PMID: 29292530 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apathy-the most common behavioral disturbance in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH)-is associated with poor gait, but the role of apathy on gait improvement after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tapping has not been studied yet. This study aims to compare gait improvement after CSF tapping in iNPH patients with and without apathy. METHODS Stride time variability (STV), a marker of higher level of gait control, was measured in 33 iNPH patients (78.4 ± 5.7 years; 36.4% women) with an optoelectronic system during usual walking (single task) and during walking while dual tasking of counting and verbal fluency before and 24 hours after CSF tapping. Apathy was defined by a score ≥14 on the Starkstein apathy scale. RESULTS Apathy was present in 60.6% of patients. Cerebrospinal fluid tapping led to greater improvement of STV (ie, decrease) during dual-task walking (and more specifically categorical verbal fluency) in apathetic compared to nonapathetic patients (-44.7 ± 58.1% versus +4.24 ± 67.6%, respectively; P = .040), even after adjusting for age and depressive symptoms. More severe apathy was correlated with better STV improvement while dual tasking (categorical verbal fluency) after CSF tapping (r = -0.412; P-value = 0.021), while it was not correlated with improvement on executive tests. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the presence of apathy is a predictor of better outcomes of gait disorders after CSF tapping in patients with iNPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Allali
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive and Motor Aging, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Magali Laidet
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Armand
- Willy Taillard Laboratory of Kinesiology, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Saj
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Krack
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Assal
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Verbal and Figural Fluency in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Does Hippocampal Sclerosis Affect Performance? Cogn Behav Neurol 2017. [PMID: 28632521 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Clinicians commonly use verbal and nonverbal measures to test fluency in patients with epilepsy, either during routine cognitive assessment or as part of pre- and postsurgical evaluation. We hypothesized that patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with hippocampal sclerosis would perform worse than patients with lateral TLE in both verbal and design fluency. METHODS We assessed semantic, phonemic, and nonverbal fluency in 49 patients with TLE: 31 with lateral TLE and 18 with mesial TLE plus hippocampal sclerosis. We also gave non-fluency cognitive measures: psychomotor speed, attentional set shifting, selective attention, abstract reasoning, verbal and visual episodic memory, and incidental memory. RESULTS Patients with mesial TLE performed significantly worse on figural fluency than patients with lateral TLE. Even though group differences on verbal fluency measures were not significant, the patients with mesial TLE had a pattern of poorer performance. The patients with mesial TLE scored significantly worse on measures of selective attention, verbal episodic memory, and incidental memory. CONCLUSIONS Our study underlines differences in cognitive function between patients with mesial and lateral TLE, particularly in figural fluency. Although we cannot directly assess the role of the hippocampus in cognitive aspects of creative and divergent thinking related to figural fluency, the cognitive discrepancies between these two TLE groups could be ascribed to the mesial TLE hippocampal pathology shown in our study and addressed in the literature on hippocampal involvement in divergent thinking. Our findings could benefit cognitive rehabilitation programs tailored to the needs of patients with TLE.
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Hippocampal metabolism and prefrontal brain structure: A combined 1H-MR spectroscopy, neuropsychological, and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) study. Brain Res 2017; 1677:14-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Pelletier A, Bernard C, Dilharreguy B, Helmer C, Le Goff M, Chanraud S, Dartigues JF, Allard M, Amieva H, Catheline G. Patterns of brain atrophy associated with episodic memory and semantic fluency decline in aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:741-752. [PMID: 28278492 PMCID: PMC5391228 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cerebral substratum of age-related cognitive decline was evaluated in an elderly-cohort followed for 12 years (n=306). Participants, free of dementia, received neuropsychological assessments every two years and an MRI exam at baseline and four years later. Cognitive decline was evaluated on two broadly used tests to detect dementia: the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), a verbal episodic memory task, and the Isaacs Set Test (IST), a semantic fluency task. Using voxel-based approach, the relationship between cognitive decline with 1/ baseline grey matter volumes and 2/ grey matter volume loss between the two scans was explored. Baseline volumes analysis revealed that FCSRT and IST declines were both associated with lower volumes of the medial temporal region. Volumes loss analysis confirmed that both declines are related to medial temporal lobe atrophy and revealed that FCSRT decline was specifically associated with atrophy of the posterior cingulate cortex whereas IST decline was specifically related to temporal pole atrophy. These results suggest that cognitive decline across aging is firstly related to structural modifications of the medial temporal lobe, followed by an atrophy in the posterior midline structures for episodic memory and an atrophy of the temporal pole for semantic fluency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Pelletier
- University Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Charlotte Bernard
- University Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Bixente Dilharreguy
- University Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Helmer
- University Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Melanie Le Goff
- University Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Chanraud
- University Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,EPHE, PSL Research University, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-François Dartigues
- University Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michèle Allard
- University Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,EPHE, PSL Research University, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CHU de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Amieva
- University Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Gwénaëlle Catheline
- University Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,EPHE, PSL Research University, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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Nikolai T, Bezdicek O, Markova H, Stepankova H, Michalec J, Kopecek M, Dokoupilova M, Hort J, Vyhnalek M. Semantic verbal fluency impairment is detectable in patients with subjective cognitive decline. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2017; 25:448-457. [PMID: 28548549 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2017.1326047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are at higher risk for conversion to dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Semantic verbal fluency (SVF) seems to be impaired in the early stages of AD. The goal of the present study was to identify the discriminative potential of verbal fluency (VF) in patients with SCD to show if very early signs of cognitive decline may be detected in SCD. We examined 93 normal controls (NC) and 61 participants with SCD. Each participant was administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. All participants underwent tests of VF: phonemic verbal fluency (PVF), letters K and P and SVF (animals and vegetables categories). In addition to the total score, two 30-second intervals, and clustering and switching indices in SVF were evaluated. SCD generated fewer words in the total score and 30- to 60-second interval in vegetables category and they performed more switches in animals category. There was no significant difference between the SCD and the NC groups in all other VF measures. Quantitative measures of SVF (a decreased number of vegetables) as well as qualitative measures were detected in SCD group and could be considered as an early neuropsychological marker of subtle cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Nikolai
- a Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,b International Clinical Research Center , St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno , Czech Republic.,d Memory Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Bezdicek
- a Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,c National Institute of Mental Health , Klecany , Czech Republic
| | - Hana Markova
- b International Clinical Research Center , St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno , Czech Republic.,d Memory Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Hana Stepankova
- c National Institute of Mental Health , Klecany , Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Michalec
- e Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine , Charles University, and General University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Kopecek
- c National Institute of Mental Health , Klecany , Czech Republic
| | - Monika Dokoupilova
- a Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague , Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,d Memory Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hort
- b International Clinical Research Center , St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno , Czech Republic.,d Memory Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vyhnalek
- b International Clinical Research Center , St. Anne's University Hospital Brno , Brno , Czech Republic.,d Memory Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague , Czech Republic
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Li M, Zhang Y, Song L, Huang R, Ding J, Fang Y, Xu Y, Han Z. Structural connectivity subserving verbal fluency revealed by lesion-behavior mapping in stroke patients. Neuropsychologia 2017; 101:85-96. [PMID: 28495601 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tests of verbal fluency have been widely used to assess the cognitive functioning of persons, and are typically classified into two categories (semantic and phonological fluency). While widely-distributed divergent and convergent brain regions have been found to be involved in semantic and phonological fluency, the anatomical connectivity underlying the fluency is not well understood. The present study aims to construct a comprehensive white-matter network associated with semantic and phonological fluency by investigating the relationship between the integrity of 22 major tracts in the whole brain and semantic fluency (measured by 3 cues) and phonological fluency (measured by 2 cues) in a group of 51 stroke patients. We found five left-lateralized tracts including the anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), uncinate fasciculus (UF), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and frontal aslant tract (FAT) were significantly correlated with the scores of both semantic and phonological fluencies. These effects persisted even when we ruled out the influence of potential confounding factors (e.g., total lesion volume). Moreover, the damage to the first three tracts caused additional impairments in the semantic compared to the phonological fluency. These findings reveal the white-matter neuroanatomical connectivity underlying semantic and phonological fluency, and deepen the understanding of the neural network of verbal fluency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luping Song
- Rehabilitation College and China Rehabilitation Research Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Junhua Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuxing Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yangwen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zaizhu Han
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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35
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Estrogen receptor beta polymorphisms and cognitive performance in women: associations and modifications by genetic and environmental influences. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 123:1369-1379. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Interictal epileptic discharge correlates with global and frontal cognitive dysfunction in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 62:197-203. [PMID: 27494355 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with hippocampal sclerosis has widespread effects on structural and functional connectivity and often entails cognitive dysfunction. EEG is mandatory to disentangle interactions in epileptic and physiological networks which underlie these cognitive comorbidities. Here, we examined how interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) affect cognitive performance. METHODS Thirty-four patients (right TLE=17, left TLE=17) were examined with 24-hour video-EEG and a battery of neuropsychological tests to measure intelligence quotient and separate frontal and temporal lobe functions. Hippocampal segmentation of high-resolution T1-weighted imaging was performed with FreeSurfer. Partial correlations were used to compare the number and distribution of clinical interictal spikes and sharp waves with data from imagery and psychological tests. RESULTS The number of IEDs was negatively correlated with executive functions, including verbal fluency and intelligence quotient (IQ). Interictal epileptic discharge affected cognitive function in patients with left and right TLE differentially, with verbal fluency strongly related to temporofrontal spiking. In contrast, IEDs had no clear effects on memory functions after corrections with partial correlations for age, age at disease onset, disease duration, and hippocampal volume. CONCLUSION In patients with TLE of long duration, IED occurrence was strongly related to cognitive deficits, most pronounced for frontal lobe function. These data suggest that IEDs reflect dysfunctional brain circuitry and may serve as an independent biomarker for cognitive comorbidity.
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Bezdicek O, Nikolai T, Michalec J, Růžička F, Havránková P, Roth J, Jech R, Růžička E. The Diagnostic Accuracy of Parkinson's Disease Mild Cognitive Impairment Battery Using the Movement Disorder Society Task Force Criteria. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2016; 4:237-244. [PMID: 30363396 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to provide empirical evidence regarding the classification accuracy of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) neuropsychological battery (NB) in the determination of Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). Methods The present cross-sectional study included 106 PD patients subjected to PD-MCI classification at Level I and 120 healthy controls (HCs). All HC and PD subjects were then assessed with MDS-NB at Level II and matched according to age and education using different thresholds (1.5 and 2.0 standard deviations [SDs] below average). Results We found that Level I and II resulted in different classifications of PD-MCI status. Detection thresholds of -1.5 SD and -2.0 SDs at Level II had also a significant impact on the discriminative validity of all measures in the MDS neuropsychological battery, based on area under the curve analyses. Overall, semantic fluency showed the highest potential in all comparisons not only between PD-MCI and HC, but also between PD-MCI and PD with no deficit (PD-ND). Conclusions Our results show that the battery at Level II is applicable and that some measures, such as semantic fluency, have high discriminative validity in the detection of PD-MCI versus PD-ND and HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Bezdicek
- Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience Prague Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Nikolai
- Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Michalec
- Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Department of Psychiatry Prague Czech Republic
| | - Filip Růžička
- Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petra Havránková
- Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jan Roth
- Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience Prague Czech Republic
| | - Robert Jech
- Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience Prague Czech Republic
| | - Evžen Růžička
- Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience Prague Czech Republic
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Quaranta D, Caprara A, Piccininni C, Vita MG, Gainotti G, Marra C. Standardization, Clinical Validation, and Typicality Norms of a New Test Assessing Semantic Verbal Fluency. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016; 31:434-45. [PMID: 27353431 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Semantic verbal fluency (SVF) tests are widely used in clinical neuropsychology. We propose the standardization and clinical validation of a new SVF test based on the production of names of birds and articles of furniture (Birds and Articles of Furniture test-BAF). METHODS A sample of 268 subjects aged 40 years or more underwent the test. The clinical validation was conducted on subjects affected by amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI; N = 106), mild (N = 178), and moderate (N = 114) Alzheimer's disease (AD). RESULTS The BAF total score was influenced by both age and education, whereas the single scores obtained on BAF were also influenced by gender. The percentage of subjects with pathological score on BAF increased from aMCI (19%) to mild (45.5%) and moderate (71.1%) AD, and receiver operating characteristic curves analysis showed that the BAF may be highly reliable in distinguishing aMCI and AD patients from healthy subjects. We also provide typicality norms for birds and articles of furniture that could be useful in the assessment of qualitative features of words produced in semantic fluency tests. CONCLUSIONS The BAF test could be a valid and reliable tool in both clinical practice and research on subjects affected by cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Quaranta
- Research Center for Neuropsychology, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Caprara
- Research Center for Neuropsychology, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Piccininni
- Research Center for Neuropsychology, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria G Vita
- Research Center for Neuropsychology, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Gainotti
- Research Center for Neuropsychology, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Camillo Marra
- Research Center for Neuropsychology, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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Alfimova MV, Golimbet VE, Korovaitseva GI, Abramova LI, Lezheiko TV, Aksenova EV. [The association between the GRIN2B gene and verbal fluency and impairment of abstract thinking in schizophrenia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2016; 116:42-46. [PMID: 27240047 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20161164142-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To search for the association between the GRIN2B gene and signs of thought and speech disorders which may be the result of decreased accessibility to the mental lexicon. MATERIAL AND METHODS The association between the GRIN2B polymorphism rs7301328 with semantic verbal fluency and five symptoms of thought and speech disorders, as assessed with the PANSS, was studied in 552 patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION There was the association of the GRIN2B gene with verbal fluency and the PANSS item «Difficulty in Abstract Thinking». The association was not modified by verbal fluency. The results suggest that the GRIN2B gene may modify the linguistic processes involved in the retrieval of information from the mental lexicon on the basis of semantic traits and, moreover, contribute to the variability of clinical symptoms of impairment of abstract thinking in patients with schizophrenia. The heterozygous genotype may be protective against the development of thought and speech disorders.
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Saury JM, Emanuelson I. Neuropsychological Assessment of Hippocampal Integrity. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2016; 24:140-151. [PMID: 27045585 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2015.1113536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Finding methods to describe subcortical processes assisting cognition is an important concern for clinical neuropsychological practice. In this study, we reviewed the literature concerning the relationship between a neuropsychological instrument and the underlying neural substructure. We examined evidence indicating that one of the oldest neuropsychological tests still in use, the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), includes reliable indicators of hippocampal integrity. We reviewed studies investigating the neural structures underlying seven tasks generated by the RAVLT, from the perspective of whether the performance of these tasks is dependent on the hippocampus. We found support for our hypothesis in five cases: learning capacity, proactive interference, immediate recall, delayed recall, and delayed recognition. No support for our hypothesis was found with regard to short-term memory and retroactive interference. The RAVLT appears to be a reliable tool for assessing the integrity of the hippocampus and for the early detection of dysfunction. There is a need for such assessments, due to the crucial role of the hippocampus in cognition, for instance, in terms of predicting future outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Saury
- a Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet , Danderyd University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Ingrid Emanuelson
- b Institution for Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics , University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg , Sweden
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Lee JK, Nordahl CW, Amaral DG, Lee A, Solomon M, Ghetti S. Assessing hippocampal development and language in early childhood: Evidence from a new application of the Automatic Segmentation Adapter Tool. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:4483-96. [PMID: 26279309 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric assessments of the hippocampus and other brain structures during childhood provide useful indices of brain development and correlates of cognitive functioning in typically and atypically developing children. Automated methods such as FreeSurfer promise efficient and replicable segmentation, but may include errors which are avoided by trained manual tracers. A recently devised automated correction tool that uses a machine learning algorithm to remove systematic errors, the Automatic Segmentation Adapter Tool (ASAT), was capable of substantially improving the accuracy of FreeSurfer segmentations in an adult sample [Wang et al., 2011], but the utility of ASAT has not been examined in pediatric samples. In Study 1, the validity of FreeSurfer and ASAT corrected hippocampal segmentations were examined in 20 typically developing children and 20 children with autism spectrum disorder aged 2 and 3 years. We showed that while neither FreeSurfer nor ASAT accuracy differed by disorder or age, the accuracy of ASAT corrected segmentations were substantially better than FreeSurfer segmentations in every case, using as few as 10 training examples. In Study 2, we applied ASAT to 89 typically developing children aged 2 to 4 years to examine relations between hippocampal volume, age, sex, and expressive language. Girls had smaller hippocampi overall, and in left hippocampus this difference was larger in older than younger girls. Expressive language ability was greater in older children, and this difference was larger in those with larger hippocampi, bilaterally. Overall, this research shows that ASAT is highly reliable and useful to examinations relating behavior to hippocampal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, California.,Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, California
| | | | - David G Amaral
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Aaron Lee
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, California
| | | | - Simona Ghetti
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, California.,Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, California
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Abstract
In the past few years, several studies have been directed to understanding the complexity of functional interactions between different brain regions during various human behaviors. Among these, neuroimaging research installed the notion that speech and language require an orchestration of brain regions for comprehension, planning, and integration of a heard sound with a spoken word. However, these studies have been largely limited to mapping the neural correlates of separate speech elements and examining distinct cortical or subcortical circuits involved in different aspects of speech control. As a result, the complexity of the brain network machinery controlling speech and language remained largely unknown. Using graph theoretical analysis of functional MRI (fMRI) data in healthy subjects, we quantified the large-scale speech network topology by constructing functional brain networks of increasing hierarchy from the resting state to motor output of meaningless syllables to complex production of real-life speech as well as compared to non-speech-related sequential finger tapping and pure tone discrimination networks. We identified a segregated network of highly connected local neural communities (hubs) in the primary sensorimotor and parietal regions, which formed a commonly shared core hub network across the examined conditions, with the left area 4p playing an important role in speech network organization. These sensorimotor core hubs exhibited features of flexible hubs based on their participation in several functional domains across different networks and ability to adaptively switch long-range functional connectivity depending on task content, resulting in a distinct community structure of each examined network. Specifically, compared to other tasks, speech production was characterized by the formation of six distinct neural communities with specialized recruitment of the prefrontal cortex, insula, putamen, and thalamus, which collectively forged the formation of the functional speech connectome. In addition, the observed capacity of the primary sensorimotor cortex to exhibit operational heterogeneity challenged the established concept of unimodality of this region. This study uses graph theory to analyze functional MRI data recorded from speakers as they produce single syllables or whole sentences, revealing the complexity of the brain network machinery that controls speech and language. Speech production is a complex process that requires the orchestration of multiple brain regions. However, our current understanding of the large-scale neural architecture during speaking remains scant, as research has mostly focused on examining distinct brain circuits involved in distinct aspects of speech control. Here, we performed graph theoretical analyses of functional MRI data acquired from healthy subjects in order to reveal how brain regions relate to one another while speaking. We constructed functional brain networks of increasing hierarchy from rest to simple vocal motor output to the production of real-life speech, and compared these to nonspeech control tasks such as finger tapping and pure tone discrimination. We discovered a specialized network of densely connected sensorimotor regions, which formed a common processing core across all conditions. Specifically, the primary sensorimotor cortex participated in multiple functional domains across different networks and modulated long-range connections depending on task content, which challenges the established concept of low-order unimodal function of this region. Compared to other tasks, speech production was characterized by the formation of six distinct neural communities with specialized recruitment of the prefrontal cortex, insula, putamen, and thalamus, which collectively formed the functional speech connectome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Fuertinger
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Barry Horwitz
- Brain Imaging and Modeling Section, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kristina Simonyan
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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