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Soares S, de Sousa JT, Boaretto FBM, da Silva JB, Dos Santos DM, Garcia ALH, da Silva J, Grivicich I, Picada JN. Amantadine mitigates the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of doxorubicin in SH-SY5Y cells and reduces its mutagenicity. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 99:105874. [PMID: 38851604 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Amantadine (AMA) is a useful drug in neuronal disorders, but few studies have been performed to access its toxicological profile. Conversely, doxorubicin (Dox) is a well-known antineoplastic drug that has shown neurotoxic effects leading to cognitive impairment. The aims of this study are to evaluate the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic effects of AMA, as well as its possible protective actions against deleterious effects of Dox. The Salmonella/microsome assay was performed to assess mutagenicity while cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated in SH-SY5Y cells using MTT and comet assays. Possible modulating effects of AMA on the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity induced by Dox were evaluated through cotreatment procedures. Amantadine did not induce mutations in the Salmonella/microsome assay and decreased Dox-induced mutagenicity in the TA98 strain. AMA reduced cell viability and induced DNA damage in SH-SY5Y cells. In cotreatment with Dox, AMA attenuated the cytotoxicity of Dox and showed an antigenotoxic effect. In conclusion, AMA does not induce gene mutations, although it has shown a genotoxic effect. Furthermore, AMA decreases frameshift mutations induced by Dox as well as the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Dox in SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting that AMA can interfere with Dox mutagenic activity and attenuate its neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Soares
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jayne Torres de Sousa
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Brião Menezes Boaretto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bondan da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Duani Maria Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Letícia Hilario Garcia
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics Toxicology, La Salle University, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, 92010-000 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics Toxicology, La Salle University, Av. Victor Barreto, 2288, 92010-000 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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2
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Li S, Liu Y, Lu S, Xu J, Liu X, Yang D, Yang Y, Hou L, Li N. A crazy trio in Parkinson's disease: metabolism alteration, α-synuclein aggregation, and oxidative stress. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04985-3. [PMID: 38625515 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04985-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an aging-associated neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies containing α-synuclein within these neurons. Oligomeric α-synuclein exerts neurotoxic effects through mitochondrial dysfunction, glial cell inflammatory response, lysosomal dysfunction and so on. α-synuclein aggregation, often accompanied by oxidative stress, is generally considered to be a key factor in PD pathology. At present, emerging evidences suggest that metabolism alteration is closely associated with α-synuclein aggregation and PD progression, and improvement of key molecules in metabolism might be potentially beneficial in PD treatment. In this review, we highlight the tripartite relationship among metabolic changes, α-synuclein aggregation, and oxidative stress in PD, and offer updated insights into the treatments of PD, aiming to deepen our understanding of PD pathogenesis and explore new therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanbing Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sen Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaokun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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3
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Lemos IDS, Torres CA, Alano CG, Matiola RT, de Figueiredo Seldenreich R, Padilha APZ, De Pieri E, Effting PS, Machado-De-Ávila RA, Réus GZ, Leipnitz G, Streck EL. Memantine Improves Memory and Neurochemical Damage in a Model of Maple Syrup Urine Disease. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:758-770. [PMID: 38104040 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is a metabolic disease characterized by the accumulation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in different tissues due to a deficit in the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex. The most common symptoms are poor feeding, psychomotor delay, and neurological damage. However, dietary therapy is not effective. Studies have demonstrated that memantine improves neurological damage in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Therefore, we hypothesize that memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist can ameliorate the effects elicited by BCAA in an MSUD animal model. For this, we organized the rats into four groups: control group (1), MSUD group (2), memantine group (3), and MSUD + memantine group (4). Animals were exposed to the MSUD model by the administration of BCAA (15.8 µL/g) (groups 2 and 4) or saline solution (0.9%) (groups 1 and 3) and treated with water or memantine (5 mg/kg) (groups 3 and 4). Our results showed that BCAA administration induced memory alterations, and changes in the levels of acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, induction of oxidative damage and alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities along with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines were verified in the cerebral cortex. Thus, memantine treatment prevented the alterations in memory, acetylcholinesterase activity, 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein oxidation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels, sulfhydryl content, and inflammation. These findings suggest that memantine can improve the pathomechanisms observed in the MSUD model, and may improve oxidative stress, inflammation, and behavior alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela da Silva Lemos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Antunes Torres
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Giassi Alano
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Tezza Matiola
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Rejane de Figueiredo Seldenreich
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Alex Paulo Zeferino Padilha
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Psiquiatria Translacional, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Ellen De Pieri
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Pauline Souza Effting
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrez Machado-De-Ávila
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Psiquiatria Translacional, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Emilio Luiz Streck
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
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Karimi Tari P, Parsons CG, Collingridge GL, Rammes G. Memantine: Updating a rare success story in pro-cognitive therapeutics. Neuropharmacology 2024; 244:109737. [PMID: 37832633 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The great potential for NMDA receptor modulators as druggable targets in neurodegenerative disorders has been met with limited success. Considered one of the rare exceptions, memantine has consistently demonstrated restorative and prophylactic properties in many AD models. In clinical trials memantine slows the decline in cognitive performance associated with AD. Here, we provide an overview of the basic properties including pharmacological targets, toxicology and cellular effects of memantine. Evidence demonstrating reductions in molecular, physiological and behavioural indices of AD-like impairments associated with memantine treatment are also discussed. This represents both an extension and homage to Dr. Chris Parson's considerable contributions to our fundamental understanding of a success story in the AD treatment landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Karimi Tari
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Chris G Parsons
- Galimedix Therapeutics, Inc., 2704 Calvend Lane, Kensington, 20895, MD, USA
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; TANZ Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Gerhard Rammes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of the Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
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5
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Branch AE, Glover LR, Gallagher M. Individual differences in age-related neurocognitive outcomes: within-subject assessment of memory for odors. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1238444. [PMID: 37842120 PMCID: PMC10569039 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1238444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a common feature of aging, particularly in memory domains supported by the medial temporal lobe (MTL). The ability to identify intervention strategies to treat or prevent this decline is challenging due to substantial variability between adults in terms of age of onset, rate and severity of decline, and many factors that could influence cognitive reserve. These factors can be somewhat mitigated by use of within-subject designs. Aged outbred Long-Evans rats have proven useful for identifying translationally relevant substrates contributing to age-related decline in MTL-dependent memory. In this population, some animals show reliable impairment on MTL-dependent tasks while others perform within the range of young adult rats. However, currently there are relatively few within-subject behavior protocols for assessing MTL function over time, and most require extensive training and appetitive motivation for associative learning. In the current study, we aimed to test whether water maze learning impairments in aged Long-Evans rats would be predictive of delayed recognition memory impairments and whether these odor memory impairments would be stable within subjects over multiple rounds of testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey E. Branch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lucas R. Glover
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Michela Gallagher
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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6
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Siao WH, Chang FY, Chen YC. Memantine treats psychosis and agitation associated with Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. Schizophr Res 2023; 255:14-16. [PMID: 36934698 PMCID: PMC9995323 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Huei Siao
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chyan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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7
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Nesterowicz M, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Ładny JR, Zalewska A, Maciejczyk M. Antiglycoxidative properties of amantadine – a systematic review and comprehensive in vitro study. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:138-155. [PMID: 36325591 PMCID: PMC9639497 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2137161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
An important drug used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease is amantadine. We are the first to perform a comprehensive study based on various glycation and oxidation factors, determining the impact of amantadine on protein glycoxidation. Sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose) and aldehydes (glyoxal, methylglyoxal) were used as glycation agents, and chloramine T was used as an oxidant. Glycoxidation biomarkers in albumin treated with amantadine were generally not different from the control group (glycation/oxidation factors), indicating that the drug did not affect oxidation and glycation processes. Molecular docking analysis did not reveal strong binding sites of amantadine on the bovine serum albumin structure. Although amantadine poorly scavenged hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide, it had significantly lower antioxidant and antiglycation effect than all protein oxidation and glycation inhibitors. In some cases, amantadine even demonstrated glycoxidant, proglycation, and prooxidant properties. In summary, amantadine exhibited weak antioxidant properties and a lack of antiglycation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Nesterowicz
- Students’ Scientific Club “Biochemistry of Civilization Diseases” at the Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Jerzy Robert Ładny
- 1st Department of General Surgery and Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Independent Laboratory of Experimental Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Canatelli-Mallat M, Chiavellini P, Lehmann M, Goya RG, Morel GR. AGE-RELATED LOSS OF RECOGNITION MEMORY AND ITS CORRELATION WITH HIPPOCAMPAL AND PERIRHINAL CORTEX CHANGES IN FEMALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. Behav Brain Res 2022; 435:114026. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Targeting Oxidative Stress Mechanisms to Treat Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease: A Critical Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7934442. [PMID: 35958022 PMCID: PMC9357807 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7934442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are becoming more frequent as the age increases. Contemporary therapies provide symptom resolution instead of targeting underlying pathological pathways. Consequently, there is considerable heterogeneity in response to treatment. Research has elucidated multiple potential of pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to neurodegenerative conditions, among which oxidative stress pathways appear to be suitable drug targets. The oxidative stress pathway has given rise to numerous novel pharmacological therapies that may provide a new avenue for neurodegenerative diseases. For example, SKQ (plastoquinone), MitoVitE, vitamin E, SOD mimic, MitoTEMPO (SOD mimetic), and bioactive molecules like curcumin and vitamin C have indeed been examined. To better understand how oxidative stress contributes to neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's), we analyzed the medicinal qualities of medicines that target markers in the cellular oxidative pathways. The specific pathway by which mitochondrial dysfunction causes neurodegeneration will require more investigation. An animal study should be carried out on medications that tackle cellular redox mechanisms but are not currently licensed for use in the management of neurodegenerative conditions.
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Companys-Alemany J, Turcu AL, Schneider M, Müller CE, Vázquez S, Griñán-Ferré C, Pallàs M. NMDA receptor antagonists reduce amyloid-β deposition by modulating calpain-1 signaling and autophagy, rescuing cognitive impairment in 5XFAD mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:408. [PMID: 35810220 PMCID: PMC9271115 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04438-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Overstimulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) is the leading cause of brain excitotoxicity and often contributes to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. This study aimed to evaluate a new NMDA receptor antagonist (UB-ALT-EV) and memantine in 6-month-old female 5XFAD mice that were exposed orally to a chronic low-dose treatment. Behavioral and cognitive tests confirmed better cognitive performance in both treated groups. Calcium-dependent protein calpain-1 reduction was found after UB-ALT-EV treatment but not after memantine. Changes in spectrin breakdown products (SBDP) and the p25/p35 ratio confirmed diminished calpain-1 activity. Amyloid β (Aβ) production and deposition was evaluated in 5XFAD mice and demonstrated a robust effect of NMDAR antagonists on reducing Aβ deposition and the number and size of Thioflavin-S positive plaques. Furthermore, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) active form and phosphorylated tau (AT8) levels were diminished after UB-ALT-EV treatment, revealing tau pathology improvement. Because calpain-1 is involved in autophagy activation, autophagic proteins were studied. Strikingly, results showed changes in the protein levels of unc-51-like kinase (ULK-1), beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3(LC3B-II)/LC3B-I ratio, and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1) after NMDAR antagonist treatments, suggesting an accumulation of autophagolysosomes in 5XFAD mice, reversed by UB-ALT-EV. Likewise, treatment with UB-ALT-EV recovered a WT mice profile in apoptosis markers Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3. In conclusion, our results revealed the potential neuroprotective effect of UB-ALT-EV by attenuating NMDA-mediated apoptosis and reducing Aβ deposition and deposition jointly with the autophagy rescue to finally reduce cognitive alterations in a mice model of familial AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Companys-Alemany
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry. Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (NeuroUB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreea L Turcu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry. Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marion Schneider
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry. Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry. Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (NeuroUB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutic Chemistry. Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (NeuroUB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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SHEDDING LIGHT ON THE TOXICITY OF SARS-CoV-2-DERIVED PEPTIDE IN NON-TARGET COVID-19 ORGANISMS: A STUDY INVOLVING INBRED AND OUTBRED MICE. Neurotoxicology 2022; 90:184-196. [PMID: 35395329 PMCID: PMC8982478 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in research on the vaccine and therapeutic strategies of COVID-19, little attention has been paid to the possible (eco)toxicological impacts of the dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 particles in natural environments. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the behavioral and biochemical consequences of the short exposure of outbred and inbred mice (male Swiss and C57Bl/6 J mice, respectively) to PSPD-2002 (peptide fragments of the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2) synthesized in the laboratory. Our data demonstrated that after 24 h of intraperitoneal administration of PSPD-2002 (at 580 μg/kg) the animals did not present alterations in their locomotor, anxiolytic-like, or anxiety-like behavior (in the open field test), nor antidepressant-like or depressive behavior in the forced swimming test. However, the C57Bl/6 J mice exposed to PSPD-2002 showed memory deficit in the novel object recognition task, which was associated with higher production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, as well as the increased suppression of acetylcholinesterase brain activity, compared to Swiss mice also exposed to peptide fragments. In Swiss mice the reduction in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the brain was not associated with increased oxidative stress biomarkers (hydrogen peroxide), suggesting that other antioxidant mechanisms may have been activated by exposure to PSPD-2002 to maintain the animals' brain redox homeostasis. Finally, the results of all biomarkers evaluated were applied into the "Integrated Biomarker Response Index" (IBRv2) and the principal component analysis (PCA), and greater sensitivity of C57Bl/6 J mice to PSPD-2002 was revealed. Therefore, our study provides pioneering evidence of mammalian exposure-induced toxicity (non-target SARS-CoV-2 infection) to PSPD-2002, as well as “sheds light” on the influence of genetic profile on susceptibility/resistance to the effects of viral peptide fragments.
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Ruankham W, Suwanjang W, Phopin K, Songtawee N, Prachayasittikul V, Prachayasittikul S. Modulatory Effects of Alpha-Mangostin Mediated by SIRT1/3-FOXO3a Pathway in Oxidative Stress-Induced Neuronal Cells. Front Nutr 2022; 8:714463. [PMID: 35155508 PMCID: PMC8835347 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.714463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroundalpha-Mangostin, a polyphenolic xanthone, is primarily found in the pericarp of mangosteen throughout Southeast Asia and is considered as the “Queen of Fruit” in Thailand. Nonetheless, it is not clarified how alpha-mangostin protects neuronal cells against oxidative stress.ObjectiveIn this study, molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of alpha-mangostin in defending hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neurotoxicity was explored.Methodscytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptotic cascades, and protein expression profiles were performed incorporation of molecular docking.ResultsHuman SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with 1 μM alpha-mangostin for 3 h prior to exposure to 400 μM H2O2. alpha-Mangostin significantly inhibited oxidative stress-induced cell death in neuronal cells by reducing BAX protein, decreasing caspase-3/7 activation, and increasing anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein. Collectively, alpha-mangostin was demonstrated to be a prominent ROS suppressor which reversed the reduction of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and SOD2). Surprisingly, alpha-mangostin significantly promoted the expression of the sirtuin family and the FOXO3a transcription factor exerting beneficial effects on cell survival and longevity. A molecular docking study predicted that alpha-mangostin is directly bound to the active site of SIRT1.ConclusionFindings from this study suggest that alpha-mangostin potentially serves as a promising therapeutic compound against oxidative stress by activation of the SIRT1/3-FOXO3a pathway comparable to the effect of memantine, an anti-AD drug used for the treatment of moderate to severe dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waralee Ruankham
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Center for Research and Innovation, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wilasinee Suwanjang
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Center for Research and Innovation, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Wilasinee Suwanjang
| | - Kamonrat Phopin
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Center for Research and Innovation, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napat Songtawee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supaluk Prachayasittikul
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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El-Baz FK, Abdel Jaleel GA, Hussein RA, Saleh DO. Dunalialla salina microalgea and its isolated zeaxanthin mitigate age-related dementia in rats: Modulation of neurotransmission and amyloid-β protein. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1899-1908. [PMID: 34926168 PMCID: PMC8648797 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
D. salina as well as its isolated zeaxanthin showed marked recovery of the D-gal-induced effect on the escape latency time. D. salina exerted an amelioration in the brain Aβ contents and an increase in the brain 5-HT, NE and DOP levels. These effects were confirmed by histopathological increase in number of viable neurons in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
Age-related deterioration of sensorimotor and cognitive abilities suggests that the brain undergoes regressive alterations with aging that compromise its function. Thus, the present study was designed to assess the efficacy of Dunaliella salina in counteracting D-galactose (D-gal)-induced dementia brain aging and its modulatory role in attenuating amyloid β (Aβ) protein and neurotransmitters. Aging associated dementia was generated by injection of D-gal (200 mg/kg; i.p) of rats for 8 weeks. D. salina biomass (250 mg/kg), polar (30 mg/kg), its carotenoid (30 mg/kg) fractions as well as the isolated zeaxanthin (250 μg/kg) were given orally simultaneously with D-gal for additional two weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment dose; behavioral, biochemical and histopathological assessment were performed. Results showed that oral treatment of motor deficit rats with D. salina biomass and its isolated polar and carotenoid fractions showed amelioration in the motor coordination assessed by the rotarod test and in the memory and learning capabilities evaluated by Morris water maze test. D. salina also showed a reduction in brain levels of inflammatory indicators viz. interlekin-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthetase as well as brain contents of Aβ protein and myelin base protein. Likewise, oral treatment with D. salina biomass and its isolated polar and carotenoid fractions exhibited an increase in the rats’ brain neurotransmitters and their metabolites. Furthermore, histopathological investigations have confirmed all of these results. Our findings suggest that D. salina overcomes brain aging and thereby repairs age-related dementia, both for its modulating function in attenuating the Aβ protein and neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk K El-Baz
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Gehad A Abdel Jaleel
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Egypt
| | - Rehab A Hussein
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza P.O.12622, Egypt
| | - Dalia O Saleh
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Egypt
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Nano-ivabradine averts behavioral anomalies in Huntington's disease rat model via modulating Rhes/m-tor pathway. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110368. [PMID: 34087391 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is characterized by abnormal involuntary movements together with cognitive impairment and disrupted mood changes. 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) is one of the chemo-toxic models used to address the striatal neurotoxicity pattern encountered in HD. This study aims to explain the neuroprotective effect of nano-formulated ivabradine (nano IVA) in enhancing behavioral changes related to 3-NP model and to identify the involvement of ras homolog enriched striatum (Rhes)/mammalian target of rapamycin (m-Tor) mediated autophagy pathway. Rats were divided into 6 groups, the first 3 groups received saline (control), ivabradine (IVA), nano IVA respectively, the fourth received a daily dose of 3-NP (20 mg/kg, s.c) for 2 weeks, the fifth received 3-NP + IVA (1 mg/kg, into the tail vein, every other day for 1 week) and the last group received 3-NP + nano IVA (1 mg/kg, i.v, every other day for 1 week). Interestingly, nano IVA reversed motor disabilities, improved memory function and overcame the psychiatric changes. It boosted expression of autophagy markers combined with down regulation of Rhes, m-Tor and b-cell lymphoma 2 protein levels. Also, it restored the normal level of neurotransmitters and myocardial function related-proteins. Histopathological examination revealed a preserved striatal structure with decreased number of darkly-degenerated neurons. In conclusion, the outcomes of this study provide a well-recognized clue for the promising neuroprotective effect of IVA and the implication of autophagy and Rhes/m-Tor pathways in the 3-NP induced HD and highlight the fact that nano formulations of IVA would be an auspicious approach in HD therapy.
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Neganova M, Aleksandrova Y, Suslov E, Mozhaitsev E, Munkuev A, Tsypyshev D, Chicheva M, Rogachev A, Sukocheva O, Volcho K, Klochkov S. Novel Multitarget Hydroxamic Acids with a Natural Origin CAP Group against Alzheimer's Disease: Synthesis, Docking and Biological Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111893. [PMID: 34834312 PMCID: PMC8623418 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxamic acids are one of the most promising and actively studied classes of chemical compounds in medicinal chemistry. In this study, we describe the directed synthesis and effects of HDAC6 inhibitors. Fragments of adamantane and natural terpenes camphane and fenchane, combined with linkers of various nature with an amide group, were used as the CAP groups. Accordingly, 11 original target compounds were developed, synthesized, and exposed to in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations, including in silico methods. In silico studies showed that all synthesized compounds were drug-like and could penetrate through the blood-brain barrier. According to the in vitro testing, hydroxamic acids 15 and 25, which effectively inhibited HDAC6 and exhibited anti-aggregation properties against β-amyloid peptides, were chosen as the most promising substances to study their neuroprotective activities in vivo. All in vivo studies were performed using 5xFAD transgenic mice simulating Alzheimer's disease. In these animals, the Novel Object Recognition and Morris Water Maze Test showed that the formation of hippocampus-dependent long-term episodic and spatial memory was deteriorated. Hydroxamic acid 15 restored normal memory functions to the level observed in control wild-type animals. Notably, this effect was precisely associated with the ability to restore lost cognitive functions, but not with the effect on motor and exploratory activities or on the level of anxiety in animals. Conclusively, hydroxamic acid 15 containing an adamantane fragment linked by an amide bond to a hydrocarbon linker is a possible potential multitarget agent against Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (Y.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Yulia Aleksandrova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (Y.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Evgenii Suslov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (K.V.)
| | - Evgenii Mozhaitsev
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (K.V.)
| | - Aldar Munkuev
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (K.V.)
| | - Dmitry Tsypyshev
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (K.V.)
| | - Maria Chicheva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (Y.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Artem Rogachev
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (K.V.)
| | - Olga Sukocheva
- Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Konstantin Volcho
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.S.); (E.M.); (A.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (K.V.)
| | - Sergey Klochkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (Y.A.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(496)-5242525
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Shafiei-Irannejad V, Abbaszadeh S, Janssen PML, Soraya H. Memantine and its benefits for cancer, cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174455. [PMID: 34461125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Memantine is a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that was initially indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. It is now also considered for a variety of other pathologies in which activation of NMDA receptors apparently contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of disease. In addition to the central nervous system (CNS), NMDA receptors can be found in non-neuronal cells and tissues that recently have become an interesting research focus. Some studies have shown that glutamate signaling plays a role in cell transformation and cancer progression. In addition, these receptors may play a role in cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we focus on the most recent findings for memantine with respect to its pharmacological effects in a range of diseases, including inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neuropathy, as well as retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Shafiei-Irannejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Samin Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Paul M L Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hamid Soraya
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Rivera DS, Lindsay CB, Oliva CA, Bozinovic F, Inestrosa NC. A Multivariate Assessment of Age-Related Cognitive Impairment in Octodon degus. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:719076. [PMID: 34526882 PMCID: PMC8437396 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.719076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a progressive functional decline characterized by a gradual deterioration in physiological function and behavior. The most important age-related change in cognitive function is decline in cognitive performance (i.e., the processing or transformation of information to make decisions that includes speed of processing, working memory, and learning). The purpose of this study is to outline the changes in age-related cognitive performance (i.e., short-term recognition memory and long-term learning and memory) in long-lived Octodon degus. The strong similarity between degus and humans in social, metabolic, biochemical, and cognitive aspects makes it a unique animal model for exploring the mechanisms underlying the behavioral and cognitive deficits related to natural aging. In this study, we examined young adult female degus (12- and 24-months-old) and aged female degus (38-, 56-, and 75-months-old) that were exposed to a battery of cognitive-behavioral tests. Multivariate analyses of data from the Social Interaction test or Novel Object/Local Recognition (to measure short-term recognition memory), and the Barnes maze test (to measure long-term learning and memory) revealed a consistent pattern. Young animals formed a separate group of aged degus for both short- and long-term memories. The association between the first component of the principal component analysis (PCA) from short-term memory with the first component of the PCA from long-term memory showed a significant negative correlation. This suggests age-dependent differences in both memories, with the aged degus having higher values of long-term memory ability but poor short-term recognition memory, whereas in the young degus an opposite pattern was found. Approximately 5% of the young and 80% of the aged degus showed an impaired short-term recognition memory; whereas for long-term memory about 32% of the young degus and 57% of the aged degus showed decreased performance on the Barnes maze test. Throughout this study, we outlined age-dependent cognitive performance decline during natural aging in degus. Moreover, we also demonstrated that the use of a multivariate approach let us explore and visualize complex behavioral variables, and identified specific behavioral patterns that allowed us to make powerful conclusions that will facilitate further the study on the biology of aging. In addition, this study could help predict the onset of the aging process based on behavioral performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela S Rivera
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Facultad de Estudios Interdisciplinarios, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina B Lindsay
- Center of Aging and Regeneration UC (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina A Oliva
- Center of Aging and Regeneration UC (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C Inestrosa
- Center of Aging and Regeneration UC (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
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Jafari A, Ghasemnejad-Berenji H, Nemati M, Pashapour S, Sadeghpour S, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Beneficial effects of memantine on ischemia/reperfusion injury following torsion/detorsion induced testicular damage in rats: Improvement in histological and biochemical parameters. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:441.e1-441.e7. [PMID: 33992528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Testicular torsion is a common urologic emergency and one of the causes of infertility in males. Hence, prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent testicular damages. It has been reported that memantine, a drug for Alzheimer's disease has anti-oxidative role against cerebral ischemic stroke and cardiac ischemia reperfusion. OBJECTIVE In this experimental study, the effects of memantine on a testicular torsion injury in adolescent rat testis after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-six adolescent rats were divided into three groups with 12 rats per group including sham-operated, T/D (torsion/detorsion) + vehicle, and T/D + memantine (10 mg/kg). Testicular torsion was induced for 2 h by rotating right testis 7200 in the clockwise direction. In treated group 30 min before detorsion, a single intraperitoneal dose of memantine was administered. After 4 h of reperfusion, orchiectomy was conducted and Histopathological and biochemical evaluations of testicular tissue samples were performed. RESULTS The malondialdehyde level in the T/D group was significantly greater than in the sham operated group. Moreover, the testicular malondialdehyde values in the T/D + memantine group were significantly lower than in the T/D group. Also, significant decreases occurred in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the T/D group compared with sham operated group. These values were significantly greater in the memantine group than in the T/D group. Furthermore, after induction of T/D, histopathological evaluations also revealed severe testicular damages which were improved by memantine administration. DISCUSSION Memantine prevented increases in oxidative stress markers and reductions of antioxidants during I/R injury in the current study. Subsequently the histologic injury was reduced in rats treated with memantine. The antioxidant characteristics of memantine and its protective effects have been shown in our study. CONCLUSION These results suggest that administration of memantine before detorsion prevents I/R cellular damage in testicular torsion. This drug probably acts through reduction of reactive oxygen species and support antioxidant enzyme systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Jafari
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hojat Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Nemati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sarvin Pashapour
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sonia Sadeghpour
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Omotoso G, Oloyede O, Lawal S, Gbadamosi I, Mutholib N, Abdulsalam F, Bature A, Babalola A, Ayeni B, Amedu N. Permethrin exposure affects neurobehavior and cellular characterization in rats' brain. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2020; 35:e2020022-0. [PMID: 33434422 PMCID: PMC7829406 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the neurotoxic effects of permethrin on the cerebellum, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of Wistar rats and its effects on some behavioral patterns. Fifteen adult male Wistar rats were grouped into three categories: Group A received 0.1 mL normal saline (control), and Groups B and C received mixed feed with 500 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg of 0.6% permethrin, respectively, for 14 days. The animals were assessed for memory, anxiety and exploratory locomotion and thereafter anesthetized and transcardially perfused with normal saline and 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA). Cerebellum, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were excised from the whole brain and processed for tissue histology, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Oxidative status and lipid peroxidation were also assessed using catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde as biomarkers. Results revealed dosedependent decrease in body weights but increase in cerebellar and prefrontal weights, depletion of endogenous antioxidant markers, cognitive deficits, reduced locomotor activities, degenerative changes in the microarchitecture at high doses and presence of chromatolytic cells at both low and high doses of permethrin. Astrocytes were activated while synaptophysin expression was downregulated. Permethrin causes dose-dependent neurotoxicity on the morphology, neurochemistry and oxidative status of different brain regions, and these could affect behavioral performance and other neurologic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Omotoso
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Olajumoke Oloyede
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Shakirah Lawal
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ismail Gbadamosi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Nafisat Mutholib
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Fatimah Abdulsalam
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Abdulkabir Bature
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Abdulsalam Babalola
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Busola Ayeni
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Nathaniel Amedu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Qaid EYA, Zakaria R, Mohd Yusof NA, Sulaiman SF, Shafin N, Othman Z, Ahmad AH, Abd Aziz CB, Muthuraju S. Tualang Honey Ameliorates Hypoxia-induced Memory Deficits by Reducing Neuronal Damage in the Hippocampus of Adult Male Sprague Dawley Rats. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:555-564. [PMID: 33177938 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.32704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objectives A growing body of evidence indicates that hypoxia exposure causes learning and memory deficits. An effective natural therapeutic approach has, however, not been explored widely. Our previous studies found that Tualang honey administration protected learning and memory functions in ovariectomized rats. Therefore, the present study investigated its efficacy in ameliorating hypoxia-induced memory deficits in adult male Sprague Dawley rats. Materials and Methods The rats were divided into four groups: i) Normoxia treated with sucrose (n=12), ii) Normoxia treated with Tualang honey (n=12), iii) Hypoxia treated with sucrose (n=12), and iv) Hypoxia treated with Tualang honey (n=12). Tualang honey (0.2 g/kg/BW) and sucrose (1 mL of 7.9%) supplementations were administered orally to the rats daily for 14 days. Then the hypoxia groups were exposed to hypoxia (~11%) for 7 days, while the normoxia groups were kept in normal conditions. Following exposure to hypoxia, the rats' memories were analyzed using a novel object recognition task and T-maze test. Results The data revealed that rats exposed to hypoxia showed significant impairment in short-term memory (STM), spatial memory (p<0.01), and long-term memory (LTM) when compared to the normoxia group. Hypoxia rats treated with Tualang honey showed significant improvement in STM, LTM, and spatial memory (p<0.05) compared with those treated with sucrose (p<0.05). Tualang honey also reduced neuronal damage in the hippocampus of adult male Sprague Dawley rats exposed to hypoxia. Conclusion It is suggested that Tualang honey pretreatment has protective effects against hypoxia-induced memory deficits, possibly through its antioxidant contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Entesar Yaseen Abdo Qaid
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Rahimah Zakaria
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aiman Mohd Yusof
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | | | - Nazlahshaniza Shafin
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Zahiruddin Othman
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Asma Hayati Ahmad
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Che Badariah Abd Aziz
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Sangu Muthuraju
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Lv X, Li Q, Mao S, Qin L, Dong P. The protective effects of memantine against inflammation and impairment of endothelial tube formation induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:21469-21480. [PMID: 33174867 PMCID: PMC7695423 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability. The dysregulation of cardiac endothelial cells plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of AMI. In the present study, we investigated the potential of memantine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, to mitigate the effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the peripheral vasculature using human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs). Previous studies have identified anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of memantine, but the effects of memantine on angiogenesis and microtubule formation have not been fully elucidated. Our findings indicate that pretreatment with memantine significantly reduced the expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, which are both serum markers if AMI severity. We also demonstrate that memantine could prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress by rescuing mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX-4). Importantly, memantine also promoted the expression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) antioxidant signaling pathway. Importantly, memantine pretreatment improved cell viability and prevented the decrease in microtubule formation induced by OGD/R. Through a phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition experiment, we determined that the PI3K/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway is essential for the effects of memantine on angiogenesis. Together, our findings suggest a potential role for memantine in the prevention and treatment of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Limin Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Peikang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China
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Ehlers VL, Smies CW, Moyer JR. Apoaequorin differentially modulates fear memory in adult and aged rats. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01832. [PMID: 32945630 PMCID: PMC7667302 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive deficits during aging are pervasive across species and learning paradigms. One of the major mechanisms thought to play a role in age-related memory decline is dysregulated calcium (Ca2+ ) homeostasis. Aging is associated with impaired function of several calcium-regulatory mechanisms, including calcium-binding proteins that normally support intracellular Ca2+ regulation. This age-related calcium-binding protein dysfunction and changes in expression lead to disrupted maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ , thus contributing to memory decline. Other work has found that age-related cognitive deficits can be mitigated by either blocking Ca2+ entry into the cytosol or preventing its release from intracellular Ca2+ stores. However, the effect of calcium-binding protein administration on cognitive function during aging is not well-understood. Our laboratory has previously shown that the calcium-binding protein apoaequorin (AQ) is neuroprotective during oxygen-glucose deprivation, a model of in vitro ischemia characterized by calcium-induced excitotoxicity. The current experiments assessed the effect of direct dorsal hippocampal AQ infusion on trace and context fear memory in adult and aged rats. METHODS Adult (3-6 months) and aged (22-26 months) male F344 rats were randomly assigned to different experimental infusion groups before undergoing trace fear conditioning and testing. In experiment 1, rats received bilateral dorsal hippocampal infusions of either vehicle or AQ (4% w/v) 24 hr before trace fear conditioning. In experiment 2, rats received bilateral dorsal hippocampal infusions of either vehicle or 4% AQ 1 hr before trace fear conditioning and 1 hr before testing. RESULTS Aged rats displayed impaired trace and context fear memory. While a single AQ infusion 24 hr before trace fear conditioning was insufficient to rescue age-related trace fear memory deficits, AQ infusion 1 hr before both conditioning and testing abolished age-related context fear memory deficits. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that intrahippocampal infusion of AQ may reverse aging-related deficits in hippocampus-dependent context fear memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L Ehlers
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Chad W Smies
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - James R Moyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Aguilar-Hernández L, Vázquez-Hernández AJ, de-Lima-Mar DF, Vázquez-Roque RA, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Flores G. Memory and dendritic spines loss, and dynamic dendritic spines changes are age-dependent in the rat. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 110:101858. [PMID: 32950615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is a widely studied process, but due to its complexity, much of its progress is unknown. There are many studies linking memory loss and reduced interneuronal communication with brain aging. However, only a few studies compare young and old animals. In the present study, in male rats aged 3, 6, and 18 months, we analyzed the locomotor activity and also short and long-term memory using the novel object recognition test (NORT), in addition to evaluating the dendritic length and the number of dendritic spines in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and in the CA1, CA3 and DG regions of the dorsal hippocampus using Golgi-Cox staining. We also analyzed the types of dendritic spines in the aforementioned regions. 6- and 18-month old animals showed a reduction in locomotor activity, while long-term memory deficit was observed in 18-month old rats. At 18 months old, the dendritic length was reduced in all the studied regions. The dendritic spine number was also reduced in layer 5 of the PFC, and the CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus. The dynamics of dendritic spines changed with age, with a reduction of the mushroom spines in all the studied regions, with an increase of the stubby spines in all the studied regions except from the CA3 region, that showed a reduction. Our data suggest that age causes changes in behavior, which may be the result of morphological changes at the dendrite level, both in their length and in the dynamics of their spines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Aguilar-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico; Laboratorio de Fisiología de la Conducta, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, 07738, Mexico
| | - Andrea Judith Vázquez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico; Laboratorio de Fisiología de la Conducta, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, 07738, Mexico
| | - Diana Frida de-Lima-Mar
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico
| | - Rubén Antonio Vázquez-Roque
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico; Laboratorio de Fisiología de la Conducta, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, 07738, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico.
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Kron NS, Schmale MC, Fieber LA. Changes in Metabolism and Proteostasis Drive Aging Phenotype in Aplysia californica Sensory Neurons. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:573764. [PMID: 33101008 PMCID: PMC7522570 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.573764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive declines that originate in impairments of function in the neurons that make up the nervous system. The marine mollusk Aplysia californica (Aplysia) is a premier model for the nervous system uniquely suited to investigation of neuronal aging due to uniquely identifiable neurons and molecular techniques available in this model. This study describes the molecular processes associated with aging in two populations of sensory neurons in Aplysia by applying RNA sequencing technology across the aging process (age 6-12 months). Differentially expressed genes clustered into four to five coherent expression patterns across the aging time series in the two neuron populations. Enrichment analysis of functional annotations in these neuron clusters revealed decreased expression of pathways involved in energy metabolism and neuronal signaling, suggesting that metabolic and signaling pathways are intertwined. Furthermore, increased expression of pathways involved in protein processing and translation suggests that proteostatic stress also occurs in aging. Temporal overlap of enrichment for energy metabolism, proteostasis, and neuronal function suggests that cognitive impairments observed in advanced age result from the ramifications of broad declines in energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Kron
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Michael C Schmale
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Lynne A Fieber
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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25
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in Physiopathology and Pharmacological Treatment with Pro- and Antioxidant Properties in Chronic Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2082145. [PMID: 32774665 PMCID: PMC7396016 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2082145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has the ability to damage different molecules and cellular structures, altering the correct function of organs and systems. OS accumulates in the body by endogenous and exogenous mechanisms. Increasing evidence points to the involvement of OS in the physiopathology of various chronic diseases that require prolonged periods of pharmacological treatment. Long-term treatments may contribute to changes in systemic OS. In this review, we discuss the involvement of OS in the pathological mechanisms of some chronic diseases, the pro- or antioxidant effects of their pharmacological treatments, and possible adjuvant antioxidant alternatives. Diseases such as high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic treatments help reduce the risk with an additional antioxidant benefit. Treatment with methotrexate in autoimmune systemic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, has a dual role in stimulating the production of OS and producing mitochondrial dysfunction. However, it can also help indirectly decrease the systemic OS induced by inflammation. Medicaments used to treat neurodegenerative diseases tend to decrease the mechanisms related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and balance OS. On the other hand, immunosuppressive treatments used in cancer or human immunodeficiency virus infection increase the production of ROS, causing significant oxidative damage in different organs and systems without widely documented exogenous antioxidant administration alternatives.
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26
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Knopp RC, Lee SH, Hollas M, Nepomuceno E, Gonzalez D, Tam K, Aamir D, Wang Y, Pierce E, BenAissa M, Thatcher GRJ. Interaction of oxidative stress and neurotrauma in ALDH2 -/- mice causes significant and persistent behavioral and pro-inflammatory effects in a tractable model of mild traumatic brain injury. Redox Biol 2020; 32:101486. [PMID: 32155582 PMCID: PMC7063127 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by lipid peroxidation products (LPP) accompanies aging and has been hypothesized to exacerbate the secondary cascade in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Increased oxidative stress is a contributor to loss of neural reserve that defines the ability to maintain healthy cognitive function despite the accumulation of neuropathology. ALDH2−/− mice are unable to clear aldehyde LPP by mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (Aldh2) detoxification and provide a model to study mild TBI (mTBI), therapeutic interventions, and underlying mechanisms. The ALDH2−/− mouse model presents with elevated LPP-mediated protein modification, lowered levels of PSD-95, PGC1-α, and SOD-1, and mild cognitive deficits from 4 months of age. LPP scavengers are neuroprotective in vitro and in ALDH2−/− mice restore cognitive performance. A single-hit, closed skull mTBI failed to elicit significant effects in WT mice; however, ALDH2−/− mice showed a significant inflammatory cytokine surge in the ipsilateral hemisphere 24 h post-mTBI, and increased GFAP cleavage, a biomarker for TBI. Known neuroprotective agents, were able to reverse the effects of mTBI. This new preclinical model of mTBI, incorporating significant perturbations in behavior, inflammation, and clinically relevant biomarkers, allows mechanistic study of the interaction of LPP and neurotrauma in loss of neural reserve. ALDH2−/− mice have elevated brain LPP adducts and mild cognitive impairment. The effects of a “2nd hit” via LPS are exacerbated by LPP in vitro and in vivo. ALDH2−/− mice + mTBI show amplified/prolonged cognitive deficits and neuroinflammation. This new preclinical model for mTBI supports a role for LPP in reduced neural reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Knopp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sue H Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Michael Hollas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; UICentre (Drug Discovery @ UIC), University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Emily Nepomuceno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - David Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kevin Tam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Daniyal Aamir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yueting Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Emily Pierce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Manel BenAissa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; UICentre (Drug Discovery @ UIC), University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Gregory R J Thatcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA; UICentre (Drug Discovery @ UIC), University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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27
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Tanshinone IIA Alleviates CCL2-Induced Leaning memory and Cognition Impairment in Rats: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2702175. [PMID: 32185196 PMCID: PMC7060416 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2702175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine CC motif ligand 2 (CCL2) is one of the most recognized proinflammatory chemokines, and the expression of CCL2 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients infected with HIV-1 is significantly higher than that of healthy people. As such, it is seen as an important cause of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). Our previous investigation has confirmed the pathological role of CCL2 in mediating brain damage leading to cognitive dysfunction. Currently, however, research on therapeutic drugs for the central nervous system targeting CCL2 is very limited. Our present study used brain stereotactic technology to induce cognitive impairment in rats by injecting CCL2 (5 ng) into the bilateral hippocampus. To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Tanshinone IIA (25, 50, 75 mg/kg/d) on CCL2-induced learning memory and cognitive impairment in rats, we performed the Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition tests (NORT) on the rats. The results showed that Tanshinone IIA significantly alleviated CCL2-induced learning memory and cognitive dysfunction. Further studies on the hippocampal tissue of the rats revealed that Tanshinone IIA treatment significantly increased the activity of SOD and GSH-Px while the level of MDA decreased compared to the model group. Additionally, the relative expression of apoptosis-associated genes caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 and inflammation-associated genes IL-1β and IL-6 in Tanshinone IIA-treated rats was lower than that in model rats. Finally, we confirmed hippocampal neuron loss and apoptosis by Nissl staining and TdT-mediated dUTP Nick end labeling (TUNEL). Taken together, these data imply that Tanshinone IIA can ameliorate CCL2-induced learning memory and cognitive impairment by impacting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Tanshinone IIA may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of HAND.
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28
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Valis M, Herman D, Vanova N, Masopust J, Vysata O, Hort J, Pavelek Z, Klimova B, Kuca K, Misik J, Zdarova Karasova J. The Concentration of Memantine in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Its Consequence to Oxidative Stress Biomarkers. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:943. [PMID: 31555132 PMCID: PMC6722429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Memantine is a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist utilized as a palliative cure for Alzheimer’s disease. This is the second study examining the memantine concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid. The previously published study enrolled six patients, and three of them were theoretically in a steady state. In our study, we enrolled 22 patients who regularly used a standard therapeutic dose of memantine (20 mg/day, oral administration) before the sample collection. Patients were divided into four groups, according to the time of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid collection: 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after memantine administration. The cerebrospinal fluid samples were also assessed for selected oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, 3-nitrotyrosine, glutathione, non-protein thiols, and non-protein disulfides). The plasma/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ratio for all time intervals were within the range of 45.89% (6 h) to 55.60% (18 h), which corresponds with previously published findings in most patients. The other aim of our study was to deduce whether the achieved “real” memantine concentration in the central compartment was sufficient to block NMDA receptors. The IC50 value of memantine as an NMDA antagonist is in micromolar range; the lowest limit is 112 ng/ml (GluN2C), and this value was achieved only in three cases. The memantine cerebrospinal fluid concentration did not reach one quarter of the IC50 value in five cases (one patient was excluded for noncompliance); therefore, the potency of memantine as a therapeutic effect in patients may be questionable. However, it appears that memantine therapy positively affected the levels of some oxidative stress parameters, especially non-protein thiols and 3-nitrotyrosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Valis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - David Herman
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense in Brno, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Nela Vanova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense in Brno, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czechia
| | - Jiri Masopust
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Oldrich Vysata
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Jakub Hort
- Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zbysek Pavelek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Blanka Klimova
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Jan Misik
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense in Brno, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Jana Zdarova Karasova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense in Brno, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
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29
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Sibov TT, Pavon LF, Cabral FR, Cunha IF, de Oliveira DM, de Souza JG, Marti LC, da Cruz EF, Malheiros JM, Paiva FF, Tannús A, de Oliveira SM, da Costa MDS, Dastoli PA, Mendonça JN, de Toledo SRC, Malheiros SMF, de Paiva Neto MA, Rego NBB, Moron AF, Cavalheiro S. Intravenous Grafts of Human Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells Reduce Behavioral Deficits in Experimental Ischemic Stroke. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:1306-1320. [PMID: 31161782 PMCID: PMC6767884 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719854342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid has been investigated as new cell source for stem cells in the development
of future cell-based transplantation. This study reports isolation of viable human
amniotic fluid-derived stem cells, labeled with multimodal iron oxide nanoparticles, and
its effect on focal cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in Wistar rats. Middle cerebral
artery occlusion of 60 min followed by reperfusion for 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h was employed in
the present study to produce ischemia and reperfusion-induced cerebral injury in rats.
Tests were employed to assess the functional outcome of the sensorimotor center activity
in the brain, through a set of modified neurological severity scores used to assess motor
and exploratory capacity 24 h, 14, and 28 days after receiving cellular therapy via tail
vein. In our animal model of stroke, transplanted cells migrated to the ischemic focus,
infarct volume decreased, and motor deficits improved. Therefore, we concluded that these
cells appear to have beneficial effects on the ischemic brain, possibly based on their
ability to enhance endogenous repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Taís Sibov
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena Favaro Pavon
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Romero Cabral
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivone Farias Cunha
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luciana Cavalheiro Marti
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edgar Ferreira da Cruz
- Department of Medicine, Discipline of Nephrology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando F Paiva
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto Tannús
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Devanir Silva da Costa
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia A Dastoli
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jardel N Mendonça
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Caminada de Toledo
- Pediatrics Oncology Institute, GRAACC (Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e a Criança com Câncer), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzana M Fleury Malheiros
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Neuro-Oncology, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manoel Antonio de Paiva Neto
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelma Bastos Bezerra Rego
- Department of Obstetrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Fernandes Moron
- Department of Obstetrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Cavalheiro
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The objective of this article is to highlight the potential role of the galantamine-memantine combination as a novel antioxidant treatment for schizophrenia. RECENT FINDINGS In addition to the well-known mechanisms of action of galantamine and memantine, these medications also have antioxidant activity. Furthermore, an interplay exists between oxidative stress, inflammation (redox-inflammatory hypothesis), and kynurenine pathway metabolites. Also, there is an interaction between brain-derived neurotrophic factor and oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Oxidative stress may be associated with positive, cognitive, and negative symptoms and impairments in white matter integrity in schizophrenia. The antipsychotic-galantamine-memantine combination may provide a novel strategy in schizophrenia to treat positive, cognitive, and negative symptoms. SUMMARY A "single antioxidant" may be inadequate to counteract the complex cascade of oxidative stress. The galantamine-memantine combination as "double antioxidants" is promising. Hence, randomized controlled trials are warranted with the antipsychotic-galantamine-memantine combination with oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers in schizophrenia.
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Furmann M, Rebesco DB, Smouter L, Hosni AP, Kerppers II, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Mascarenhas LPG. INFLUENCE OF ACUTE PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON COGNITIVE AND MOTOR BEHAVIOR IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220192502187249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Aging causes alterations in various executive and cognitive functions, mainly related to the incidence of dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several studies mention physical exercise as a preventive resource for depressive symptoms. Objective: To investigate the cognitive and behavioral alterations related to AD that are capable of slowing disease progression and its complications. Methods: The sample consisted of 10 male Wistar rats, divided into 2 groups (n = 5), swimming and Alzheimer + swimming, with a 6-day intervention protocol. The elevated plus maze test was used to assess anxiety, the Morris water maze for spatial memory, the isolation box for aversive memory, and the open field test to assay motor behavior. Results: There was improvement in spatial memory in the Swimming group (169 ± 142.9 x 24.2 ± 31.3), but motor behavior deteriorated after exercise. An increase in anxious behavior (8 ± 13.03 x 67.8 ± 48.1) was observed in the animals with AD. This is a relevant characteristic of the disease, which did not improve after acute exercise. By analyzing the size effect, it was possible to observe a difference in the Alzheimer + swimming group in terms of reduced anxiety and improved motor behavior after exercise. Despite the benefits of physical exercise for AD symptoms, there is still no consensus on the type of physical exercise and length of intervention necessary to achieve a positive response as a treatment method, since studies are yet to confirm this fact in an acute or chronic manner. Conclusion: Acute physical exercise was not fully effective as a means of treating behavioral alterations related to AD, but had a mean effect on the size effect analysis of motor behavior and anxiety, specifically. Level of evidence IV; Investigation of treatment outcomes.
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Marrone DF, Satvat E, Patel A. Age-related Deficits in Recognition Memory are Protocol-Dependent. Aging Dis 2018; 9:798-807. [PMID: 30271657 PMCID: PMC6147594 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The perirhinal cortex (PRh) is a critical mediator of recognition memory, and a wealth of evidence points to impairment in PRh function with age. Despite this evidence, age-related deficits in recognition memory are not consistently observed. This may be partially due to the fact that older animals also have well-established deficits in hippocampal function, and many protocols that assess perirhinal function are also sensitive to hippocampal damage. When using one of these protocols, spontaneous object recognition in an open field, we are able to replicate published age-related deficits using pairs of complex objects. However, when using zero-delay object recognition, a task that is more resistant to the influence of changes in hippocampal function, we find no significant age-related differences in recognition memory in the same animals. These data highlight the importance of the protocol used for testing recognition memory, and may place constraints on the role of the PRh in age-related recognition memory impairment as it is typically tested in much of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diano F Marrone
- 1Dept. of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.,2McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Elham Satvat
- 3School of Public Health & Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Anuj Patel
- 1Dept. of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
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Klass A, Sánchez-Porras R, Santos E. Systematic review of the pharmacological agents that have been tested against spreading depolarizations. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:1149-1179. [PMID: 29673289 PMCID: PMC6434447 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18771440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Spreading depolarization (SD) occurs alongside brain injuries and it can lead to neuronal damage. Therefore, pharmacological modulation of SD can constitute a therapeutic approach to reduce its detrimental effects and to improve the clinical outcome of patients. The major objective of this article was to produce a systematic review of all the drugs that have been tested against SD. Of the substances that have been examined, most have been shown to modulate certain SD characteristics. Only a few have succeeded in significantly inhibiting SD. We present a variety of strategies that have been proposed to overcome the notorious harmfulness and pharmacoresistance of SD. Information on clinically used anesthetic, sedative, hypnotic agents, anti-migraine drugs, anticonvulsants and various other substances have been compiled and reviewed with respect to the efficacy against SD, in order to answer the question of whether a drug at safe doses could be of therapeutic use against SD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Klass
- Neurosurgery Department, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Edgar Santos
- Neurosurgery Department, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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The role of memantine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: Clinical efficacy and mechanisms of action. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 827:103-111. [PMID: 29551658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A developing body of evidence indicates that disturbed glutamate neurotransmission especially through N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) is central to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and NMDA receptor antagonists have shown therapeutic potential in the MDD treatment. Memantine is an uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, approved for treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that in contrast to other NMDA receptor antagonists at therapeutic doses does not induce highly undesirable side effects. Neuroprotective properties and well tolerability of memantine have been attributed to its unique pharmacological features such as moderate affinity, rapid blocking kinetics and strongly voltage-dependency. In this review we summarized clinical trial evidence of antidepressant effectiveness of memantine and its mechanisms of action. Available data indicate contradictory findings relating to clinical efficacy suggesting further research is necessary in determining as to whether memantine will eventually be an advantageous therapy for MDD. Preclinical data proposed various neurobiological mechanisms underlying antidepressant-like properties of memantine that are responsible for synaptic plasticity and cell survival.
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da Silva WAM, Guimarães ATB, Montalvão MF, Mendes BDO, Rodrigues ASDL, Malafaia G. The chronic exposure to abamectin causes spatial memory deficit and depressive behavior in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:523-533. [PMID: 29241126 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It is known that abamectin (ABA), which is a component belonging to the group of avermectins, has been broadly used as biopesticide. Although its effect on non-target aquatic organisms is known, knowledge about its impacts on terrestrial animals such as mammals remains incipient. Thus, we aim at investigating the effects (phycical and neural-behavioral) from the chronic exposure (90 days) to ABA (1/10 of LD50) on Swiss and C57Bl/6J mice from both sexes. Accordingly, at the end of the experimental period the animals were subjected to the following tests: Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Tail Suspension Test (TST), and Forced Swimming Test (FST). We showed that the new-object recognition indexes in the NORT test sessions did not differ between experimental groups; however, animals exposed to ABA, regardless of sex or strain, recorded longer latency time to find the quadrant holding the platform in the MWM training sessions, as well as stayed shorter in this quadrant. Such results highlight the negative effect of the pesticide on the animals' spatial memory evocation, without evident influence from their genetic status and sex. With regard to TST, we also did not observe differences in immobility time between groups; however, Swiss mice (males and females) presented depressive behavior in the FST, and apparent influence from their genetic status in their responses during the test. Therefore, our study confirms the neurotoxic potential of ABA and is pioneer in reporting memory deficit and depressive behavior in mammal experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Alves Mizael da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Mateus Flores Montalvão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Bruna de Oliveira Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
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Zheng W, Li XH, Yang XH, Cai DB, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Wang SB, Wang YY, Ning YP, Xiang YT. Adjunctive memantine for schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Psychol Med 2018; 48:72-81. [PMID: 28528597 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717001271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to examine the efficacy and safety of memantine, a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist, in the treatment of schizophrenia. METHODS Standardized/weighted mean differences (SMDs/WMDs), risk ratio (RR), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and analyzed. RESULTS Included in the meta-analysis were eight RCTs (n = 452) of 11.5 ± 2.6 weeks duration, with 229 patients on memantine (20 mg/day) and 223 patients on placebo. Adjunctive memantine outperformed placebo in the measures of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale negative symptoms [SMD: -0.63 (95% CI -1.10 to -0.16), p = 0.009, I 2 = 77%], but not in the total, positive and general symptoms [SMD: -0.46 to -0.08 (95% CI -0.93 to 0.22), p = 0.06-0.60, I 2 = 0-74%] or the Clinical Global Impression Severity Scale [WMD: 0.04 (95% CI -0.24 to 0.32), p = 0.78]. The negative symptoms remained significant after excluding one outlying RCT [SMD: -0.41 (95% CI -0.72 to -0.11), p = 0.008, I 2 = 47%]. Compared with the placebo group, adjunctive memantine was associated with significant improvement in neurocognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) [WMD: 3.09, (95% CI 1.77-4.42), p < 0.00001, I 2 = 22%]. There was no significant difference in the discontinuation rate [RR: 1.34 (95% CI 0.76-2.37), p = 0.31, I 2 = 0%] and adverse drug reactions between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis showed that adjunctive memantine appears to be an efficacious and safe treatment for improving negative symptoms and neurocognitive performance in schizophrenia. Higher quality RCTs with larger samples are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital),Guangzhou,China
| | - X-H Li
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders,China
| | - X-H Yang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital),Guangzhou,China
| | - D-B Cai
- Clinics of Chinese Medicine,the First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,China
| | - G S Ungvari
- The University of Notre Dame Australia/Marian Centre,Perth,Australia
| | - C H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Melbourne,Melbourne,Victoria,Australia
| | - S-B Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences,Unit of Psychiatry,University of Macau,Macao SAR,China
| | - Y-Y Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences,Unit of Psychiatry,University of Macau,Macao SAR,China
| | - Y-P Ning
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital),Guangzhou,China
| | - Y-T Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences,Unit of Psychiatry,University of Macau,Macao SAR,China
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Rabelo LM, Estrela FN, E Silva BC, Mendes BDO, Vaz BG, Rodrigues ASDL, Malafaia G. Protective effect of vitamin C in female Swiss mice dermally-exposed to the tannery effluent. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:492-499. [PMID: 28460296 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies involving the oral exposure of mice to tannery effluents have found neurotoxic effects. However, studies about the effects the dermal exposure to pollutant have on the cognitive function of females have not been found in the literature. Thus, the aim of the current study is to investigate whether the dermal exposure of female Swiss mice to tannery effluents (2 h/day for 20 days) can cause cognitive impairment, as it was already evidenced in male Swiss mice. Furthermore, based on the administration of vitamin C (before or after the exposure to the xenobiotic), the current study also aims to assess the protective effect of vitamin C in female Swiss mice dermally-exposed to the tannery effluent. Female Swiss mice exposed to the tannery effluent (without vitamin supplementation) have shown lower novel object recognition index during the test session of the novel object recognition task, and they have descended significantly faster from the inhibitory avoidance platform when they were compared to mice belonging to the other groups, therefore evidencing memory deficit. However, the test performance of females receiving vitamin C was similar to that of control animals. Thus, the current study confirms the initial hypothesis that the dermal exposure to the pollutant, even for a short period, causes cognitive deficit in female Swiss mice. The herein presented findings also provide evidence that the mechanisms of action of the tannery effluent in these animals are related to oxidative damages in specific brain regions directed to the formation of short memory to perform aversive and object recognition tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Martins Rabelo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Neves Estrela
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Bianca Costa E Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Boniek Gontijo Vaz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Akkaya Ç, Yavuzer SS, Yavuzer H, Erkol G, Bozluolcay M, Dinçer Y. DNA damage, DNA susceptibility to oxidation and glutathione redox status in patients with Alzheimer's disease treated with and without memantine. J Neurol Sci 2017; 378:158-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yamada J, Ohgomori T, Jinno S. Alterations in expression of Cat-315 epitope of perineuronal nets during normal ageing, and its modulation by an open-channel NMDA receptor blocker, memantine. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:2035-2049. [PMID: 28271508 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The perineuronal net (PNN), a specialized aggregate of the extracellular matrix, is involved in neuroprotection against oxidative stress, which is now recognized as a major contributor to age-related decline in brain functions. In this study, we investigated the age-related molecular changes of PNNs using monoclonal antibody Cat-315, which recognizes human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) glycan on aggrecan-based PNNs. Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of Cat-315 epitope in the hippocampus were higher in middle-aged (MA, 12-month-old) mice than in young adult (YA, 2-month-old) mice. Although there were no differences in the expression levels of Cat-315 epitope between old age (OA, 20-month-old) and MA mice, Cat-315 immunoreactivity was also detected in astrocytes of OA mice. To focus on Cat-315 epitope in PNNs, we used YA and MA mice in the following experiments. Optical disector analysis showed that there were no differences in the numbers of Cat-315-positive (Cat-315+ ) PNNs between YA and MA mice. Fluorescence intensity analysis indicated that Cat-315 immunoreactivity in PNNs increased with age in the dorsal hippocampus, which is mainly involved in cognitive functions. Administration of an open-channel blocker of NMDA receptor, memantine, reduced the expression levels of Cat-315 epitope in the hippocampus. Furthermore, the numbers of glutamatergic and GABAergic terminals colocalized with Cat-315 epitope around parvalbumin-positive neurons were decreased by memantine. These findings provide novel insight into the involvement of PNNs in normal brain ageing, and suggest that memantine may counteract the age-related alterations in expression levels of Cat-315 epitope via regulation of its subcellular localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yamada
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ohgomori
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shozo Jinno
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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de Souza JM, da Silva WAM, de Oliveira Mendes B, Guimarães ATB, de Lima Rodrigues AS, Montalvão MF, da Costa Estrela D, da Silva AR, Malafaia G. Inbred mice strain shows neurobehavioral changes when exposed to tannery effluent. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2035-2046. [PMID: 27807787 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The bovine leather processing (tanning industries) stands as a generating activity of potentially toxic waste. The emission of untreated effluents into the environment may cause serious harm to human and environmental health. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the possible effects of intake of these effluents in experimental mammalian models. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the neurobehavioral effects of chronic intake of different tannery effluent concentrations diluted with water (0.1, 1, and 5%) in male C57BL/6J mice. After 120 days of exposure, the animals were subjected to different behavioral tests, predictive of anxiety (elevated plus maze (EPM), open-field (OF), and neophobia test), depression (forced swim), and memory deficits (object recognition test). From the EPM test, it was observed that the mice exposed to 0.1, 1, and 5% of tannery effluents showed higher anxiety scores compared to the animals in the control group. However, the results of this study revealed no differences among the experimental groups in the proportion (percentage) of locomotion in the central quarters/total locomotion calculated (by OF), considered an indirect measure for anxiety. At neophobia test, all the animals exposed to chronic intake of tannery effluents showed higher latency time to start eating, which corresponds to an anxiogenic behavior. Regarding the forced swim test, it was observed that the animals exposed to tannery effluents had longer time in immobility behavior, suggesting a predictive behavior to depression. Finally, the object recognition test showed that the treatments did not cause damage to the animals' memory. The recognition rate of the new object did not differ among the experimental groups. Thus, it is concluded that male C57BL/6J mice (inbred strain) exposed to tannery effluents have predictive neurobehavioral changes of anxiety and depression, without memory deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Moreira de Souza
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna de Oliveira Mendes
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mateus Flores Montalvão
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Dieferson da Costa Estrela
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigo da Silva
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Instituto Federal Goiano-Câmpus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento, 2.5 km, Zona Rural, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
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Guimarães ATB, Ferreira RDO, Rabelo LM, E Silva BC, de Souza JM, da Silva WAM, de Menezes IPP, Rodrigues ASDL, Vaz BG, de Oliveira Costa DR, Pereira I, da Silva AR, Malafaia G. The C57BL/6J mice offspring originated from a parental generation exposed to tannery effluents shows object recognition deficits. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 164:593-602. [PMID: 27635641 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the present paper is to assess whether the parental generation exposure to such discharges could cause object recognition deficits in their offspring. Male and female C57Bl/6J mice were put to mate after they were exposed to 7.5% and 15% tannery effluents or water (control group), for 60 days. The male mice were withdrawn from the boxes after 15 days and the female mice remained exposed to the treatment during the gestation and lactation periods. The offspring were subjected to the object recognition test after weaning in order to assess possible cognition losses. The results of the analysis of the novel object recognition index found in the testing session (performed 1 h after the training session) applied to offspring from different experimental groups appeared to be statistically different. The novel object recognition index of the offspring from female mice exposed to tannery effluents (7.5% and 15% groups) was lower than that of the control group, and it demonstrated object recognition deficit in the studied offspring. The present study is the first to report evidences that parental exposure to effluent of tannery (father and mother) can cause object recognition deficit in the offspring, which is related to problems in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia Martins Rabelo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Bianca Costa E Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Joyce Moreira de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Wellington Alves Mizael da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto de Menezes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Boniek Gontijo Vaz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Igor Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigo da Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Estatística Experimental, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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da Silva WAM, Mendes BDO, Guimarães ATB, Rabelo LM, Ferreira RDO, E Silva BC, de Souza JM, de Menezes IPP, Rodrigues ASDL, Malafaia G. Dermal exposure to tannery effluent causes neurobehavioral changes in C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 160:237-243. [PMID: 27380225 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tannery effluents constitute highly polluting residues, which can cause negative impacts to people's health and the environment. However, studies that have investigated the effects of the exposure to these xenobiotics on the central nervous system of mammal experimental models are rare, the few that have been published focusing on the exposure via oral intake (ingestion of water containing tannery effluent concentrations). In this sense, and with the objective of expanding the knowledge beyond the neurotoxic effects observed when water contaminated by these xenobiotics is ingested, the neurobehavioral effects of dermal exposure of male C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice were analyzed. The animals were exposed to raw (wet blue-type) tannery effluent for two hours during five days, totalizing 15 days of exposure. Afterwards, the animals underwent the elevated plus-maze (predictive of anxiety) and the object recognition tests (identification of memory deficit). Our data show that the dermal exposure to the tannery effluent caused an anxiogenic behavior in these animals, when compared those that did not have direct contact with these xenobiotics. It was also observed that the animals exposed to the tannery effluent obtained lower novel object recognition indices, thus evidencing memory deficit and indicating a possible influence of the tannery effluent constituents in animal cognition. The present study attests the hypothesis that dermal exposure to tannery effluents containing neurotoxic substances causes behavioral disorders in C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Alves Mizael da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Letícia Martins Rabelo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Costa E Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Joyce Moreira de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto de Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás - Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Ran Y, Yan B, Li Z, Ding Y, Shi Y, Le G. Dityrosine administration induces novel object recognition deficits in young adulthood mice. Physiol Behav 2016; 164:292-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Niedzielska E, Smaga I, Gawlik M, Moniczewski A, Stankowicz P, Pera J, Filip M. Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 53:4094-4125. [PMID: 26198567 PMCID: PMC4937091 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiologies of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD), are far from being fully explained. Oxidative stress (OS) has been proposed as one factor that plays a potential role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Clinical and preclinical studies indicate that neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by higher levels of OS biomarkers and by lower levels of antioxidant defense biomarkers in the brain and peripheral tissues. In this article, we review the current knowledge regarding the involvement of OS in neurodegenerative diseases, based on clinical trials and animal studies. In addition, we analyze the effects of the drug-induced modulation of oxidative balance, and we explore pharmacotherapeutic strategies for OS reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Niedzielska
- Department of Toxicology, Chair of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Smaga
- Department of Toxicology, Chair of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawlik
- Department of Toxicology, Chair of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Moniczewski
- Department of Toxicology, Chair of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Stankowicz
- Department of Toxicology, Chair of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Pera
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Botaniczna 3, 31-503, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Toxicology, Chair of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
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Rabelo LM, Costa e Silva B, de Almeida SF, da Silva WAM, de Oliveira Mendes B, Guimarães ATB, da Silva AR, da Silva Castro AL, de Lima Rodrigues AS, Malafaia G. Memory deficit in Swiss mice exposed to tannery effluent. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2016; 55:45-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Tualang Honey Attenuates Noise Stress-Induced Memory Deficits in Aged Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1549158. [PMID: 27119005 PMCID: PMC4826941 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1549158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ageing and stress exposure may lead to memory impairment while oxidative stress is thought to be one of the underlying mechanisms involved. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Tualang honey supplementation on memory performance in aged rats exposed to noise stress. Tualang honey supplementation was given orally, 200 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. Rats in the stress group were subjected to loud noise, 100 dB(A), 4 hours daily for 14 days. All rats were subjected to novel object recognition test for evaluation of memory performance. It was observed that the rats subjected to noise stress exhibited significantly lower memory performance and higher oxidative stress as evident by elevated malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels and reduction of antioxidant enzymes activities compared to the nonstressed rats. Tualang honey supplementation was able to improve memory performance, decrease oxidative stress levels, increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration, decrease acetylcholinesterase activity, and enhance neuronal proliferation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus. In conclusion, Tualang honey protects against memory decline due to stress exposure and/or ageing via enhancement of mPFC and hippocampal morphology possibly secondary to reduction in brain oxidative stress and/or upregulation of BDNF concentration and cholinergic system.
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Kumar H, Sharma B. Memantine ameliorates autistic behavior, biochemistry & blood brain barrier impairments in rats. Brain Res Bull 2016; 124:27-39. [PMID: 27034117 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, commonly characterized by altered social behavior, communication, biochemistry and pathological conditions. One percent of the worldwide population suffers from autism and males suffer more than females. NMDA receptors have the important role in neurodevelopment, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. This study has been designed to investigate the role of memantine, a NMDA receptor modulator, in prenatal valproic acid-induced autism in rats. Animals with prenatal valproic acid have shown the reduction in social interaction (three-chamber social behavior apparatus), spontaneous alternation (Y-Maze), exploratory activity (Hole board test), intestinal motility, serotonin levels (both in prefrontal cortex and ileum) and prefrontal cortex mitochondrial complex activity (complex I, II, IV). Furthermore, prenatal valproic acid-treated animals have shown an increase in locomotion (actophotometer), anxiety (elevated plus maze), brain oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive species, glutathione, catalase), nitrosative stress (nitrite/nitrate), inflammation (both in brain and ileum myeloperoxidase activity), calcium and blood-brain barrier permeability. Treatment with memantine has significantly attenuated prenatal valproic acid-induced reduction in social interaction, spontaneous alteration, exploratory activity intestinal motility, serotonin levels and prefrontal cortex mitochondrial complex activity. Furthermore, memantine has also attenuated the prenatal valproic acid-induced increase in locomotion, anxiety, brain oxidative and nitrosative stress, inflammation, calcium and blood-brain barrier permeability. Thus, it may be concluded that prenatal valproic acid has induced autistic behavior, biochemistry and blood-brain barrier impairment in animals, which were significantly attenuated by memantine. NMDA receptor modulators like memantine should be explored further for the therapeutic benefits in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariom Kumar
- CNS Research Lab., Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, Partapur Bypass, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India; CNS Pharmacology, Conscience Research, Pocket F-233 B, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India.
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Kumar A. NMDA Receptor Function During Senescence: Implication on Cognitive Performance. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:473. [PMID: 26732087 PMCID: PMC4679982 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, a family of L-glutamate receptors, play an important role in learning and memory, and are critical for spatial memory. These receptors are tetrameric ion channels composed of a family of related subunits. One of the hallmarks of the aging human population is a decline in cognitive function; studies in the past couple of years have demonstrated deterioration in NMDA receptor subunit expression and function with advancing age. However, a direct relationship between impaired memory function and a decline in NMDA receptors is still ambiguous. Recent studies indicate a link between an age-associated NMDA receptor hypofunction and memory impairment and provide evidence that age-associated enhanced oxidative stress might be contributing to the alterations associated with senescence. However, clear evidence is still deficient in demonstrating the underlying mechanisms and a relationship between age-associated impaired cognitive faculties and NMDA receptor hypofunction. The current review intends to present an overview of the research findings regarding changes in expression of various NMDA receptor subunits and deficits in NMDA receptor function during senescence and its implication in age-associated impaired hippocampal-dependent memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
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Sarubbo F, Ramis MR, Aparicio S, Ruiz L, Esteban S, Miralles A, Moranta D. Improving effect of chronic resveratrol treatment on central monoamine synthesis and cognition in aged rats. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:9777. [PMID: 25895558 PMCID: PMC4404420 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenol exhibiting antioxidant and neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases. However, neuroprotective properties during normal aging have not been clearly demonstrated. We analyzed the in vivo effects of chronic administration of resveratrol (20 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) in old male rats (Wistar, 20 months), on tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activities which mediate central monoaminergic neurotransmitters synthesis, and besides, on hippocampal-dependent working memory test (radial maze). Our results show an age-related decline in neurochemical parameters that were reversed by resveratrol administration. The resveratrol treatment enhances serotonin (5-HT) levels in pineal gland, in hippocampus, and in striatum, and those of noradrenaline (NA) in hippocampus and also dopamine (DA) in striatum. These changes were largely due to an increased activity of TPH-1 (463 % in pineal gland), TPH-2 (70-51 % in hippocampus and striatum), and TH (150-36 % in hippocampus and striatum). Additionally, the observed hippocampal effects correlate with a resveratrol-induced restorative effect on working memory (radial maze). In conclusion, this study suggests resveratrol treatment as a restoring therapy for the impaired cognitive functions occurring along normal aging process, by preventing 5-HT, DA, and NA neurotransmission decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Sarubbo
- />Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7,5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M. R. Ramis
- />Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7,5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - S. Aparicio
- />Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7,5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - L. Ruiz
- />Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7,5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - S. Esteban
- />Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7,5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - A. Miralles
- />Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7,5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - D. Moranta
- />Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7,5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- />Laboratorio de Infección e Inmunidad, Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (FISIB)-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma (IdISPa), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Hospital Joan March, Mallorca, Spain
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Shapiro AR, Levy-Gigi E. Susceptibility to retroactive interference: The effect of context as a function of age and cognition. Memory 2015; 24:399-408. [DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2015.1011168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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