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Rychagov N, Del Re EC, Zeng V, Oykhman E, Lizano P, McDowell J, Yassin W, Clementz BA, Gershon E, Pearlson G, Sweeney JA, Tamminga CA, Keshavan MS. Gyrification across psychotic disorders: A bipolar-schizophrenia network of intermediate phenotypes study. Schizophr Res 2024; 271:169-178. [PMID: 39032429 PMCID: PMC11384321 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The profiles of cortical gyrification across schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder, and schizoaffective disorder have been studied to a limited extent, report discordant findings, and are rarely compared in the same study. Here we assess gyrification in a large dataset of psychotic disorder probands, categorized according to the DSM-IV. Furthermore, we explore gyrification changes with age across healthy controls and probands. METHODS Participants were recruited within the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network of Intermediate Phenotypes study and received T1-MPRAGE and clinical assessment. Gyrification was measured using FreeSurfer 7.1.0. Pairwise t-tests were conducted in R, and age-related gyrification changes were analyzed in MATLAB. P values <0.05 after false discovery rate correction were considered significant. RESULTS Significant hypogyria in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and schizoaffective disorder probands compared to controls was found, with a significant difference bilaterally in the frontal lobe between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder probands. Verbal memory was associated with gyrification in the right frontal and right cingulate cortex in schizophrenia. Age-fitted gyrification curves differed significantly among psychotic disorders and controls. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate hypogyria in DSM-IV psychotic disorders compared to controls and suggest differential patterns of gyrification across the different diagnoses. The study extends age related models of gyrification to psychotic disorder probands and supports that age-related differences in gyrification may differ across diagnoses. Fitted gyrification curves among probands categorized by DSM-IV significantly deviate from controls, with the model capturing early hypergyria and later hypogyria in schizophrenia compared to controls; this suggests unique disease and age-related changes in gyrification across psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Rychagov
- Harvard University, United States of America; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Elisabetta C Del Re
- Harvard University, United States of America; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, United States of America; VA Boston HealthCare System, United States of America.
| | - Victor Zeng
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Efim Oykhman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Paulo Lizano
- Harvard University, United States of America; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, United States of America
| | | | - Walid Yassin
- Harvard University, United States of America; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Carol A Tamminga
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Harvard University, United States of America; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, United States of America
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Almodóvar-Payá C, Guardiola-Ripoll M, Giralt-López M, Oscoz-Irurozqui M, Canales-Rodríguez EJ, Madre M, Soler-Vidal J, Ramiro N, Callado LF, Arias B, Gallego C, Pomarol-Clotet E, Fatjó-Vilas M. NRN1 epistasis with BDNF and CACNA1C: mediation effects on symptom severity through neuroanatomical changes in schizophrenia. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:1299-1315. [PMID: 38720004 PMCID: PMC11147852 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02793-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The expression of Neuritin-1 (NRN1), a neurotrophic factor crucial for neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity, is enhanced by the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). Although the receptor of NRN1 remains unclear, it is suggested that NRN1's activation of the insulin receptor (IR) pathway promotes the transcription of the calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (CACNA1C). These three genes have been independently associated with schizophrenia (SZ) risk, symptomatology, and brain differences. However, research on how they synergistically modulate these phenotypes is scarce. We aimed to study whether the genetic epistasis between these genes affects the risk and clinical presentation of the disorder via its effect on brain structure. First, we tested the epistatic effect of NRN1 and BDNF or CACNA1C on (i) the risk for SZ, (ii) clinical symptoms severity and functionality (onset, PANSS, CGI and GAF), and (iii) brain cortical structure (thickness, surface area and volume measures estimated using FreeSurfer) in a sample of 86 SZ patients and 89 healthy subjects. Second, we explored whether those brain clusters influenced by epistatic effects mediate the clinical profiles. Although we did not find a direct epistatic impact on the risk, our data unveiled significant effects on the disorder's clinical presentation. Specifically, the NRN1-rs10484320 x BDNF-rs6265 interplay influenced PANSS general psychopathology, and the NRN1-rs4960155 x CACNA1C-rs1006737 interaction affected GAF scores. Moreover, several interactions between NRN1 SNPs and BDNF-rs6265 significantly influenced the surface area and cortical volume of the frontal, parietal, and temporal brain regions within patients. The NRN1-rs10484320 x BDNF-rs6265 epistasis in the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex fully mediated the effect on PANSS general psychopathology. Our study not only adds clinical significance to the well-described molecular relationship between NRN1 and BDNF but also underscores the utility of deconstructing SZ into biologically validated brain-imaging markers to explore their mediation role in the path from genetics to complex clinical manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Almodóvar-Payá
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Guardiola-Ripoll
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERER (Biomedical Research Network in Rare Diseases), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Giralt-López
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (HUGTP), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maitane Oscoz-Irurozqui
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Red de Salud Mental de Gipuzkoa, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Erick Jorge Canales-Rodríguez
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mercè Madre
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Mental Health, IR SANT PAU, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Soler-Vidal
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Benito Menni, Germanes Hospitalàries, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Ramiro
- Hospital San Rafael, Germanes Hospitalàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis F Callado
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain
- BioBizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Bárbara Arias
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Gallego
- Department of Cells and Tissues, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Fatjó-Vilas
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Saglam Y, Ermis C, Takir S, Oz A, Hamid R, Kose H, Bas A, Karacetin G. The Contribution of Explainable Machine Learning Algorithms Using ROI-based Brain Surface Morphology Parameters in Distinguishing Early-onset Schizophrenia From Bipolar Disorder. Acad Radiol 2024:S1076-6332(24)00222-8. [PMID: 38704285 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To differentiate early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) from early-onset bipolar disorder (EBD) using surface-based morphometry measurements and brain volumes using machine learning (ML) algorithms. METHOD High-resolution T1-weighted images were obtained to measure cortical thickness (CT), gyrification, gyrification index (GI), sulcal depth (SD), fractal dimension (FD), and brain volumes. After the feature selection step, ML classifiers were applied for each feature set and the combination of them. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) technique was implemented to interpret the contribution of each feature. FINDINGS 144 adolescents (16.2 ± 1.4 years, female=39%) with EOS (n = 81) and EBD (n = 63) were included. The Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm had the highest accuracy (82.75%) in the whole dataset that includes all variables from Destrieux atlas. The best-performing algorithms were K-nearest neighbors (KNN) for FD subset, support vector machine (SVM) for SD subset, and AdaBoost for GI subset. The KNN algorithm had the highest accuracy (accuracy=79.31%) in the whole dataset from the Desikan-Killiany-Tourville atlas. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the use of ML in the differential diagnosis of EOS and EBD using surface-based morphometry measurements. Future studies could focus on multicenter data for the validation of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Saglam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof Dr Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Cagatay Ermis
- Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Department of Child Psychiatry, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Seyma Takir
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Oz
- Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rauf Hamid
- Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kose
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bas
- Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gul Karacetin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof Dr Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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Hu Y, Shi T, Xu Z, Zhang M, Yang J, Liu Z, Wan Q, Liu Y. Heart failure potentially affects the cortical structure of the brain. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7357-7386. [PMID: 38656892 PMCID: PMC11087114 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) has been reported to affect cerebral cortex structure, but the underlying cause has not been determined. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to reveal the causal relationship between HF and structural changes in the cerebral cortex. METHODS HF was defined as the exposure variable, and cerebral cortex structure was defined as the outcome variable. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression and weighted median (WME) were performed for MR analysis; MR-PRESSO and Egger's intercept was used to test horizontal pleiotropy; and "leave-one-out" was used for sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Fifty-two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were defined as instrumental variables (IVs), and there was no horizontal pleiotropy in the IVs. According to the IVW analysis, the OR and 95% CI of cerebral cortex thickness were 0.9932 (0.9868-1.00) (P=0.0402), and the MR-Egger intercept was -15.6× 10-5 (P = 0.7974) and the Global test pval was 0.078. The P-value of the cerebral cortex surface was 0.2205, and the MR-Egger intercept was -34.69052 (P= 0.6984) and the Global Test pval was 0.045. HF had a causal effect on the surface area of the caudal middle frontal lobule (P=0.009), insula lobule (P=0.01), precuneus lobule (P=0.049) and superior parietal lobule (P=0.044). CONCLUSIONS HF was potentially associated with changes in cortical thickness and in the surface area of the caudal middle frontal lobule, insula lobule, precuneus lobule and superior parietal lobule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinqin Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyun Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohui Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirui Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiqi Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Anhui Provincial Hospital of Integrated Medicine, Anhui Hospital of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Hefei 230011, Anhui, China
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Chen YC, Tiego J, Segal A, Chopra S, Holmes A, Suo C, Pang JC, Fornito A, Aquino KM. A multiscale characterization of cortical shape asymmetries in early psychosis. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae015. [PMID: 38347944 PMCID: PMC10859637 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychosis has often been linked to abnormal cortical asymmetry, but prior results have been inconsistent. Here, we applied a novel spectral shape analysis to characterize cortical shape asymmetries in patients with early psychosis across different spatial scales. We used the Human Connectome Project for Early Psychosis dataset (aged 16-35), comprising 56 healthy controls (37 males, 19 females) and 112 patients with early psychosis (68 males, 44 females). We quantified shape variations of each hemisphere over different spatial frequencies and applied a general linear model to compare differences between healthy controls and patients with early psychosis. We further used canonical correlation analysis to examine associations between shape asymmetries and clinical symptoms. Cortical shape asymmetries, spanning wavelengths from about 22 to 75 mm, were significantly different between healthy controls and patients with early psychosis (Cohen's d = 0.28-0.51), with patients showing greater asymmetry in cortical shape than controls. A single canonical mode linked the asymmetry measures to symptoms (canonical correlation analysis r = 0.45), such that higher cortical asymmetry was correlated with more severe excitement symptoms and less severe emotional distress. Significant group differences in the asymmetries of traditional morphological measures of cortical thickness, surface area, and gyrification, at either global or regional levels, were not identified. Cortical shape asymmetries are more sensitive than other morphological asymmetries in capturing abnormalities in patients with early psychosis. These abnormalities are expressed at coarse spatial scales and are correlated with specific symptom domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Chen
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Data Futures Institute, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
- Brain Dynamic Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Jeggan Tiego
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Ashlea Segal
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Sidhant Chopra
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Alexander Holmes
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Chao Suo
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- BrainPark, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - James C Pang
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Alex Fornito
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Kevin M Aquino
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
- BrainKey Inc, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
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Stauffer EM, Bethlehem RAI, Dorfschmidt L, Won H, Warrier V, Bullmore ET. The genetic relationships between brain structure and schizophrenia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7820. [PMID: 38016951 PMCID: PMC10684873 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic risks for schizophrenia are theoretically mediated by genetic effects on brain structure but it has been unclear which genes are associated with both schizophrenia and cortical phenotypes. We accessed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia (N = 69,369 cases; 236,642 controls), and of three magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics (surface area, cortical thickness, neurite density index) measured at 180 cortical areas (N = 36,843, UK Biobank). Using Hi-C-coupled MAGMA, 61 genes were significantly associated with both schizophrenia and one or more MRI metrics. Whole genome analysis with partial least squares demonstrated significant genetic covariation between schizophrenia and area or thickness of most cortical regions. Genetic similarity between cortical areas was strongly coupled to their phenotypic covariance, and genetic covariation between schizophrenia and brain phenotypes was strongest in the hubs of structural covariance networks. Pleiotropically associated genes were enriched for neurodevelopmental processes and positionally concentrated in chromosomes 3p21, 17q21 and 11p11. Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that genetically determined variation in a posterior cingulate cortical area could be causal for schizophrenia. Parallel analyses of GWAS on bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease and height showed that pleiotropic association with MRI metrics was stronger for schizophrenia compared to other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard A I Bethlehem
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lena Dorfschmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hyejung Won
- Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Varun Warrier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward T Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Sun S, Xiao S, Guo Z, Gong J, Tang G, Huang L, Wang Y. Meta-analysis of cortical thickness reduction in adult schizophrenia. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2023; 48:E461-E470. [PMID: 38123240 PMCID: PMC10743639 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.230081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous neuroimaging studies using surface-based morphometry analyses have reported altered cortical thickness among patients with schizophrenia, but the results have been inconsistent. We sought to provide a whole-brain meta-analysis, which may help enhance the spatial accuracy of identification. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis of whole-brain studies that explored cortical thickness alteration among adult patients with schizophrenia, including first-episode patients with schizophrenia, and patients with chronic schizophrenia, compared with healthy controls by using the seed-based d mapping with permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI) software. RESULTS A systematic literature search identified 25 studies (33 data sets) of cortical thickness, including 2008 patients with schizophrenia and 2004 healthy controls. Overall, patients with schizophrenia showed decreased cortical thickness in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and bilateral insula extending to the superior temporal gyrus (STG). Subgroup meta-analysis reported that patients with chronic schizophrenia showed decreased cortical thickness in the right insula extending to the right IFG. There was no significant cortical thickness difference between first-episode patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. LIMITATIONS The results of meta-regression analyses should be viewed cautiously since they were driven by a small number of studies or did not overlap with the between-group differences found in the primary analyses. CONCLUSION The meta-analysis suggested robust cortical thickness reduction in the IFG, insula and STG among adult patients with schizophrenia, particularly in those with chronic schizophrenia. The results provide useful insights to understanding the underlying pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Sun
- From the Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Gong, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Gong)
| | - Shu Xiao
- From the Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Gong, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Gong)
| | - Zixuan Guo
- From the Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Gong, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Gong)
| | - Jiaying Gong
- From the Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Gong, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Gong)
| | - Guixian Tang
- From the Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Gong, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Gong)
| | - Li Huang
- From the Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Gong, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Gong)
| | - Ying Wang
- From the Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (Sun, Xiao, Guo, Gong, Tang, Huang, Wang); the Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Gong)
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Li W, Lei D, Tallman MJ, Welge JA, Blom TJ, Fleck DE, Klein CC, Adler CM, Patino LR, Strawn JR, Gong Q, Sweeney JA, DelBello MP. Morphological abnormalities in youth with bipolar disorder and their relationship to clinical characteristics. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:312-320. [PMID: 37301295 PMCID: PMC10527418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize the neuroanatomy of BD in youth and its correlation to clinical characteristics. METHODS The current study includes a sample of 105 unmedicated youth with first-episode BD, aged between 10.1 and 17.9 years, and 61 healthy comparison adolescents, aged between 10.1 and 17.7 years, who were matched for age, race, sex, socioeconomic status, intelligence quotient (IQ), and education level. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were obtained using a 4 T MRI scanner. Freesurfer (V6.0) was used to preprocess and parcellate the structural data, and 68 cortical and 12 subcortical regions were considered for statistical comparisons. The relationship between morphological deficits and clinical and demographic characteristics were evaluated using linear models. RESULTS Compared with healthy youth, youth with BD had decreased cortical thickness in frontal, parietal, and anterior cingulate regions. These youth also showed decreased gray matter volumes in 6 of the 12 subcortical regions examined including thalamus, putamen, amygdala and caudate. In further subgroup analyses, we found that youth with BD with comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or with psychotic symptoms had more significant deficits in subcortical gray matter volume. LIMITATIONS We cannot provide information about the course of structural changes and impact of treatment and illness progression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that youth with BD have significant neurostructural deficits in both cortical and subcortical regions mainly located in the regions related to emotion processing and regulation. Variability in clinical characteristics and comorbidities may contribute to the severity of anatomic alterations in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Li
- Departments of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, PR China
| | - Du Lei
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Maxwell J Tallman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Welge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Thomas J Blom
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - David E Fleck
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Christina C Klein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Caleb M Adler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - L Rodrigo Patino
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Strawn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Departments of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - John A Sweeney
- Departments of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, PR China; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Melissa P DelBello
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Bipolar Disorders Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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9
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Hou J, Huibregtse ME, Alexander IL, Klemsz LM, Fu T, Rosenberg M, Fortenberry JD, Herbenick D, Kawata K. Structural brain morphology in young adult women who have been choked/strangled during sex: A whole-brain surface morphometry study. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3160. [PMID: 37459254 PMCID: PMC10454256 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Being choked/strangled during partnered sex is an emerging sexual behavior, particularly prevalent among young adult women. Using a multiparameter morphometric imaging approach, we aimed to characterize neuroanatomical differences between young adult women (18-30 years old) who were exposed to frequent sexual choking and their choking naïve controls. METHODS This cross-sectional study consisted of two groups (choking [≥4 times in the past 30 days] vs. choking-naïve group). Participants who reported being choked four or more times during sex in the past 30 days were enrolled in the choking group, whereas those without were assigned to the choking naïve group. High-resolution anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were analyzed using both volumetric features (cortical thickness) and geometric features (fractal dimensionality, gyrification, sulcal depth). RESULTS Forty-one participants (choking n = 20; choking-naïve n = 21) contributed to the final analysis. The choking group showed significantly increased cortical thickness across multiple regions (e.g., fusiform, lateral occipital, lingual gyri) compared to the choking-naïve group. Widespread reductions of the gyrification were observed in the choking group as opposed to the choking-naïve group. However, there was no group difference in sulcal depth. The fractal dimensionality showed bi-directional results, where the choking group exhibited increased dimensionality in areas including the postcentral gyrus, insula, and fusiform, whereas decreased dimensionality was observed in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus and pericalcarine cortex. CONCLUSION These data in cortical morphology suggest that sexual choking events may be associated with neuroanatomical alteration. A longitudinal study with multimodal assessment is needed to better understand the temporal ordering of sexual choking and neurological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Hou
- Research Center for Cross‐Straits Cultural DevelopmentFujian Normal UniversityFuzhouChina
- Department of KinesiologyIndiana University School of Public Health‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Megan E. Huibregtse
- Department of KinesiologyIndiana University School of Public Health‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Isabella L. Alexander
- Department of KinesiologyIndiana University School of Public Health‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Lillian M. Klemsz
- Department of KinesiologyIndiana University School of Public Health‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Tsung‐Chieh Fu
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- The Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Molly Rosenberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - James Dennis Fortenberry
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Debby Herbenick
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- The Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Keisuke Kawata
- Department of KinesiologyIndiana University School of Public Health‐BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Program in NeuroscienceThe College of Arts and SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
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10
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Slapø NB, Jørgensen KN, Elvsåshagen T, Nerland S, Roelfs D, Valstad M, Timpe CMF, Richard G, Beck D, Sæther LS, Frogner Werner MC, Lagerberg TV, Andreassen OA, Melle I, Agartz I, Westlye LT, Moberget T, Jönsson EG. Relationship between function and structure in the visual cortex in healthy individuals and in patients with severe mental disorders. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 332:111633. [PMID: 37028226 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZspect) and bipolar disorders (BD) show impaired function in the primary visual cortex (V1), indicated by altered visual evoked potential (VEP). While the neural substrate for altered VEP in these patients remains elusive, altered V1 structure may play a role. One previous study found a positive relationship between the amplitude of the P100 component of the VEP and V1 surface area, but not V1 thickness, in a small sample of healthy individuals. Here, we aimed to replicate these findings in a larger healthy control (HC) sample (n = 307) and to examine the same relationship in patients with SCZspect (n = 30) or BD (n = 45). We also compared the mean P100 amplitude, V1 surface area and V1 thickness between controls and patients and found no significant group differences. In HC only, we found a significant positive P100-V1 surface area association, while there were no significant P100-V1 thickness relationships in HC, SCZspect or BD. Together, our results confirm previous findings of a positive P100-V1 surface area association in HC, whereas larger patient samples are needed to further clarify the function-structure relationship in V1 in SCZspect and BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Berz Slapø
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Stener Nerland
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Roelfs
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathias Valstad
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Clara M F Timpe
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Dani Beck
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Trine Vik Lagerberg
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University hospital, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University hospital, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University hospital, Norway; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Sciences, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, OsloMet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Sciences, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Ni P, Zhou C, Liang S, Jiang Y, Liu D, Shao Z, Noh H, Zhao L, Tian Y, Zhang C, Wei J, Li X, Yu H, Ni R, Yu X, Qi X, Zhang Y, Ma X, Deng W, Guo W, Wang Q, Sham PC, Chung S, Li T. YBX1-Mediated DNA Methylation-Dependent SHANK3 Expression in PBMCs and Developing Cortical Interneurons in Schizophrenia. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300455. [PMID: 37211699 PMCID: PMC10369273 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorder. The pathological process of SCZ starts early during development, way before the first onset of psychotic symptoms. DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating gene expression and dysregulated DNA methylation is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. The methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-chip (MeDIP-chip) is performed to investigate genome-wide DNA methylation dysregulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with first-episode SCZ (FES). Results show that the SHANK3 promoter is hypermethylated, and this hypermethylation (HyperM) is negatively correlated with the cortical surface area in the left inferior temporal cortex and positively correlated with the negative symptom subscores in FES. The transcription factor YBX1 is further found to bind to the HyperM region of SHANK3 promoter in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived cortical interneurons (cINs) but not glutamatergic neurons. Furthermore, a direct and positive regulatory effect of YBX1 on the expression of SHANK3 is confirmed in cINs using shRNAs. In summary, the dysregulated SHANK3 expression in cINs suggests the potential role of DNA methylation in the neuropathological mechanism underlying SCZ. The results also suggest that HyperM of SHANK3 in PBMCs can serve as a potential peripheral biomarker of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Ni
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
- Department of PsychiatryMcLean Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolBelmontMA02478USA
- Department of Cell Biology and AnatomyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNY10595USA
| | - Chuqing Zhou
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Sugai Liang
- Department of NeurobiologyAffiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310058China
| | - Youhui Jiang
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Dongxin Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and AnatomyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNY10595USA
| | - Zhicheng Shao
- Department of PsychiatryMcLean Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolBelmontMA02478USA
| | - Haneul Noh
- Department of PsychiatryMcLean Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolBelmontMA02478USA
- Department of Cell Biology and AnatomyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNY10595USA
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Yang Tian
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Jinxue Wei
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Hua Yu
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Rongjun Ni
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Xueli Yu
- Department of NeurobiologyAffiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310058China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyMOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Machine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058China
| | - Xueyu Qi
- Department of NeurobiologyAffiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310058China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyMOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Machine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of NeurobiologyAffiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310058China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyMOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Machine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058China
| | - Wanjun Guo
- Department of NeurobiologyAffiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310058China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyMOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Machine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041P. R. China
| | - Pak C. Sham
- Department of PsychiatryLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong, SAR999077China
- Centre for PanorOmic SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong Kong, SAR999077China
| | - Sangmi Chung
- Department of PsychiatryMcLean Hospital/Harvard Medical SchoolBelmontMA02478USA
- Department of Cell Biology and AnatomyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNY10595USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of NeurobiologyAffiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310058China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyMOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Machine IntegrationSchool of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058China
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12
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Gengeç Benli Ş, Andaç M. Constructing the Schizophrenia Recognition Method Employing GLCM Features from Multiple Brain Regions and Machine Learning Techniques. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2140. [PMID: 37443534 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurately diagnosing schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, is crucial for effectively managing the treatment process and methods. Various types of magnetic resonance (MR) images have the potential to serve as biomarkers for schizophrenia. The aim of this study is to numerically analyze differences in the textural characteristics that may occur in the bilateral amygdala, caudate, pallidum, putamen, and thalamus regions of the brain between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls via structural MR images. Towards this aim, Gray Level Co-occurence Matrix (GLCM) features obtained from five regions of the right, left, and bilateral brain were classified using machine learning methods. In addition, it was analyzed in which hemisphere these features were more distinctive and which method among Adaboost, Gradient Boost, eXtreme Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbors, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Naive Bayes had higher classification success. When the results were examined, it was demonstrated that the GLCM features of these five regions in the left hemisphere could be classified as having higher performance in schizophrenia compared to healthy individuals. Using the LDA algorithm, classification success was achieved with a 100% AUC, 94.4% accuracy, 92.31% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and an F1 score of 91.9% in healthy and schizophrenic individuals. Thus, it has been revealed that the textural characteristics of the five predetermined regions, instead of the whole brain, are an important indicator in identifying schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şerife Gengeç Benli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38280, Turkey
| | - Merve Andaç
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38280, Turkey
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13
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Pinto D, Martins R, Macedo A, Castelo Branco M, Valente Duarte J, Madeira N. Brain Hemispheric Asymmetry in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103421. [PMID: 37240527 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare brain asymmetry in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD), and healthy controls to test whether asymmetry patterns could discriminate and set boundaries between two partially overlapping severe mental disorders. METHODS We applied a fully automated voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach to assess structural brain hemispheric asymmetry in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) anatomical scans in 60 participants (SCZ = 20; BP = 20; healthy controls = 20), all right-handed and matched for gender, age, and education. RESULTS Significant differences in gray matter asymmetry were found between patients with SCZ and BPD, between SCZ patients and healthy controls (HC), and between BPD patients and HC. We found a higher asymmetry index (AI) in BPD patients when compared to SCZ in Brodmann areas 6, 11, and 37 and anterior cingulate cortex and an AI higher in SCZ patients when compared to BPD in the cerebellum. CONCLUSION Our study found significant differences in brain asymmetry between patients with SCZ and BPD. These promising results could be translated to clinical practice, given that structural brain changes detected by MRI are good candidates for exploration as biological markers for differential diagnosis, besides helping to understand disease-specific abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Pinto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (UC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (UC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Macedo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (UC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Psychiatry, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo Branco
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (UC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Valente Duarte
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (UC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Madeira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (UC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Psychiatry, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
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14
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Van Rheenen TE, Cotton SM, Dandash O, Cooper RE, Ringin E, Daglas-Georgiou R, Allott K, Chye Y, Suo C, Macneil C, Hasty M, Hallam K, McGorry P, Fornito A, Yücel M, Pantelis C, Berk M. Increased cortical surface area but not altered cortical thickness or gyrification in bipolar disorder following stabilisation from a first episode of mania. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 122:110687. [PMID: 36427550 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite reports of altered brain morphology in established bipolar disorder (BD), there is limited understanding of when these morphological abnormalities emerge. Assessment of patients during the early course of illness can help to address this gap, but few studies have examined surface-based brain morphology in patients at this illness stage. METHODS We completed a secondary analysis of baseline data from a randomised control trial of BD individuals stabilised after their first episode of mania (FEM). The magnetic resonance imaging scans of n = 35 FEM patients and n = 29 age-matched healthy controls were analysed. Group differences in cortical thickness, surface area and gyrification were assessed at each vertex of the cortical surface using general linear models. Significant results were identified at p < 0.05 using cluster-wise correction. RESULTS The FEM group did not differ from healthy controls with regards to cortical thickness or gyrification. However, there were two clusters of increased surface area in the left hemisphere of FEM patients, with peak coordinates falling within the lateral occipital cortex and pars triangularis. CONCLUSIONS Cortical thickness and gyrification appear to be intact in the aftermath of a first manic episode, whilst cortical surface area in the inferior/middle prefrontal and occipitoparietal cortex is increased compared to age-matched controls. It is possible that increased surface area in the FEM group is the outcome of abnormalities in a premorbidly occurring process. In contrast, the findings raise the hypothesis that cortical thickness reductions seen in past studies of individuals with more established BD may be more attributable to post-onset factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Sue M Cotton
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Orwa Dandash
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Australia
| | - Rebecca E Cooper
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elysha Ringin
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rothanthi Daglas-Georgiou
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly Allott
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yann Chye
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Australia
| | - Chao Suo
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Australia
| | - Craig Macneil
- Orygen Youth Health Clinical Program, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa Hasty
- Orygen Youth Health Clinical Program, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen Hallam
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Patrick McGorry
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alex Fornito
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Australia
| | - Murat Yücel
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia
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15
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Skorobogatov K, Autier V, Foiselle M, Richard JR, Boukouaci W, Wu CL, Raynal S, Carbonne C, Laukens K, Meysman P, Coppens V, le Corvoisier P, Barau C, De Picker L, Morrens M, Tamouza R, Leboyer M. Kynurenine pathway abnormalities are state-specific but not diagnosis-specific in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 27:100584. [PMID: 36685639 PMCID: PMC9852293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with immunological dysfunctions that have been hypothesized to lead to clinical symptomatology in particular through kynurenine pathway abnormalities. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the impact of serum kynurenine metabolite levels on diagnosis, clinical state, symptom severity and clinical course in a large French transdiagnostic cohort of SCZ and BD patients. Four patient groups (total n = 507) were included in a cross-sectional observational study: 1) hospitalized acute bipolar patients (n = 205); 2) stable bipolar outpatients (n = 116); 3) hospitalized acute schizophrenia patients (n = 111) and 4) stable schizophrenia outpatients (n = 75), in addition to healthy controls (HC) (n = 185). The quantitative determination of serum kynurenine metabolites was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Kynurenine levels were lower in all patients combined compared to HC while ANCOVA analyses did not reveal inter-diagnostic difference between SCZ and BD. Interestingly, hospitalized patients of both diagnostic groups combined displayed significantly lower kynurenine levels than stabilized outpatients. Psychotic symptoms were associated with lower quinaldic acid (F = 9.18, p=<.001), which is KAT-driven, whereas a longer duration of illness contributed to abnormalities in tryptophan (F = 5.41, p = .023), kynurenine (F = 16.93, p=<.001), xanthurenic acid (F = 9.34, p = .002), quinolinic acid (F = 9.18, p = .003) and picolinic acid (F = 4.15, p = .043), metabolized through the KMO-branch. These data confirm illness state rather than diagnosis to drive KP alterations in SCZ and BD. Lower levels of KP metabolites can thus be viewed as a transdiagnostic feature of SCZ and BD, independently associated with acute symptomatology and a longer duration of illness. Quinaldic acid has seldomly been investigated by previous studies and appears an important state marker in SCZ and BD. As serum samples are used in this study, it is not possible to extrapolate these findings to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Skorobogatov
- Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Hospital Campus Duffel (UPCD), Duffel, Belgium
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Marianne Foiselle
- Université Paris Est Creteil, Inserm U955, IMRB Translational Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, Créteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France
| | - Jean-Romain Richard
- Université Paris Est Creteil, Inserm U955, IMRB Translational Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, Créteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France
| | - Wahid Boukouaci
- Université Paris Est Creteil, Inserm U955, IMRB Translational Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, Créteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France
| | - Ching-Lien Wu
- Université Paris Est Creteil, Inserm U955, IMRB Translational Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, Créteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France
| | | | | | - Kris Laukens
- Biomedical Informatics Research Center Antwerp (BIOMINA), University of Antwerp/Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieter Meysman
- Biomedical Informatics Research Center Antwerp (BIOMINA), University of Antwerp/Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Violette Coppens
- Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Hospital Campus Duffel (UPCD), Duffel, Belgium
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Philippe le Corvoisier
- Inserm, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1430, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Caroline Barau
- Plateforme de Ressources Biologiques, HU Henri Mondor, F94010, France
| | - Livia De Picker
- Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Hospital Campus Duffel (UPCD), Duffel, Belgium
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Manuel Morrens
- Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacological Studies (SINAPS), University Psychiatric Hospital Campus Duffel (UPCD), Duffel, Belgium
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ryad Tamouza
- Université Paris Est Creteil, Inserm U955, IMRB Translational Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, Créteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Université Paris Est Creteil, Inserm U955, IMRB Translational Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, Créteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, Creteil, France
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16
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Yu H, Zhang C, Cai Y, Wu N, Jia X, Wu J, Shi F, Hua R, Yang Q. Morphological brain alterations in dialysis- and non-dialysis-dependent patients with chronic kidney disease. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1311-1321. [PMID: 36642760 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To 1) investigate the morphological brain-tissue changes in patients with dialysis- and non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD); 2) analyze the effects of CKD on whole-brain cortical thickness, cortical volume, surface area, and surface curvature; and 3) analyze the correlation of these changes with clinical and biochemical indices. This study included normal controls (NCs, n = 34) and patients with CKD who were divided into dialysis (dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease [DD-CKD], n = 26) and non-dialysis (non-dialysis patients who underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging scans [NDD-CKD], n = 26) groups. Cortical thickness, volume, surface area, and surface curvature in each group were calculated using FreeSurfer software. Brain morphological indicators with statistical differences were correlated with clinical and biochemical indicators. Patients with CKD exhibited a significant and widespread decrease in cortical thickness and volume compared with NCs. Among the brain regions associated with higher neural activity, patients with CKD exhibited more significant morphological changes in the paracentral gyrus, transverse temporal gyrus, and lateral occipital cortex than in other brain regions. Cortical thickness and volume in patients with CKD correlated with blood pressure, lipid, hemoglobin, creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels. The extent of brain atrophy was further increased in the DD-CKD group compared with that in the NDD-CKD group. Patients with CKD potentially exhibit a certain degree of structural brain-tissue imaging changes, with morphological changes more pronounced in patients with DD-CKD, suggesting that blood urea nitrogen and dialysis may be influential factors in brain morphological changes in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical Universit, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiology, Liangxiang Hospital, Fangshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Wu
- Yanjing Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqin Jia
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wu
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Hua
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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17
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Kitajima K, Tamura S, Sasabayashi D, Nakajima S, Iwata Y, Ueno F, Takai Y, Takahashi J, Caravaggio F, Mar W, Torres-Carmona E, Noda Y, Gerretsen P, Luca VD, Mimura M, Hirano S, Nakao T, Onitsuka T, Remington G, Graff-Guerrero A, Hirano Y. Decreased cortical gyrification and surface area in the left medial parietal cortex in patients with treatment-resistant and ultratreatment-resistant schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 77:2-11. [PMID: 36165228 PMCID: PMC10092309 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Validating the vulnerabilities and pathologies underlying treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is an important challenge in optimizing treatment. Gyrification and surface area (SA), reflecting neurodevelopmental features, have been linked to genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to identify gyrification and SA abnormalities specific to TRS. METHODS We analyzed 3T magnetic resonance imaging findings of 24 healthy controls (HCs), 20 responders to first-line antipsychotics (FL-Resp), and 41 patients with TRS, including 19 clozapine responders (CLZ-Resp) and 22 FL- and clozapine-resistant patients (patients with ultratreatment-resistant schizophrenia [URS]). The local gyrification index (LGI) and associated SA were analyzed across groups. Diagnostic accuracy was verified by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS Both CLZ-Resp and URS had lower LGI values than HCs (P = 0.041, Hedges g [gH ] = 0.75; P = 0.013, gH = 0.96) and FL-Resp (P = 0.007, gH = 1.00; P = 0.002, gH = 1.31) in the left medial parietal cortex (Lt-MPC). In addition, both CLZ-Resp and URS had lower SA in the Lt-MPC than FL-Resp (P < 0.001, gH = 1.22; P < 0.001, gH = 1.75). LGI and SA were positively correlated in non-TRS (FL-Resp) (ρ = 0.64, P = 0.008) and TRS (CLZ-Resp + URS) (ρ = 0.60, P < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for non-TRS versus TRS with LGI and SA in the Lt-MPC were 0.79 and 0.85, respectively. SA in the Lt-MPC was inversely correlated with negative symptoms (ρ = -0.40, P = 0.018) and clozapine plasma levels (ρ = -0.35, P = 0.042) in TRS. CONCLUSION LGI and SA in the Lt-MPC, a functional hub in the default-mode network, were abnormally reduced in TRS compared with non-TRS. Thus, altered LGI and SA in the Lt-MPC might be structural features associated with genetic vulnerability to TRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Kitajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Yamanashi Faculty of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Ueno
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yoshifumi Takai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fernando Caravaggio
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wanna Mar
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edgardo Torres-Carmona
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincenzo de Luca
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gary Remington
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Zhu F, Xiao Y, Tao B, Gao Z, Gao X, Zhao Q, Zhang Q, Tang B, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Bishop JR, Sweeney JA, Lui S. Radiomic features of gray matter in never-treated first-episode schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:5957-5967. [PMID: 36513368 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of radiomic features (RFs) in gray matter are observed in schizophrenia, of which the results may be limited by small study samples and confounding effects of drug therapies. We tested for RFs alterations of gray matter in never-treated first-episode schizophrenia (NT-FES) patients and examined their associations with known gene expression profiles. RFs were examined in the first sample with 197 NT-FES and 178 healthy controls (HCs) and validated in the second independent sample (90 NT-FES and 74 HCs). One-year follow-up data were available from 87 patients to determine whether RFs were associated with treatment outcomes. Associations between identified RFs in NT-FES and gene expression profiles were evaluated. NT-FES exhibited alterations of 30 RFs, with the greatest involvement of microstructural heterogeneity followed by measures of brain region shape. The identified RFs were mainly located in the central executive network, frontal-temporal network, and limbic system. Two baseline RFs with the involvement of microstructural heterogeneity predicted treatment response with moderate accuracy (78% for the first sample, 70% for the second sample). Exploratory analyses indicated that RF alterations were spatially related to the expression of schizophrenia risk genes. In summary, the present findings link brain abnormalities in schizophrenia with molecular features and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Tao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziyang Gao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiannan Zhao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Biqiu Tang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | | | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jeffrey R Bishop
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - John A Sweeney
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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19
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Brain gyrification in bipolar disorder: a systematic review of neuroimaging studies. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:2768-2784. [PMID: 36042153 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness with a strong genetic component. Genetic variations have been involved in the risk of this disorder, including those mediating brain function and neurodevelopment. Early neurodevelopment and neuroprogression processes could be reflected in brain gyrification patterns and help optimize the prediction and diagnosis of such disorders that is often delayed. Previous neuroimaging studies using this measure in patients with bipolar disorder revealed controversial results. This systematic review aimed to summarize available neuroimaging investigations on gyrification in BD compared to healthy controls (HC) and/or other psychiatric groups. Fourteen studies including 733 patients with BD, 585 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), 90 with schizoaffective disorder (SZA), and 1380 healthy subjects were identified. Overall, a heterogeneous pattern of gyrification emerged between patients with BD and HC. Interestingly, increased gyrification or no differences were also observed in patients with BD compared to those with the schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Furthermore, relatives of patients with BD showed lower or no differences in gyrification compared to healthy subjects without a family history of affective illness. Differences in the design and in methodological approaches could have contributed to the heterogeneity of the findings. The current review supports an altered brain gyrification pattern that underlies the pathophysiology of BD spanning large anatomical and functional neural networks, associated with altered cognitive functioning, difficulties in processing and affective regulation, and clinical symptoms. Longitudinal studies are needed to test different bipolar phenotypes and pharmacological effects on gyrification.
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20
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Rajashekar N, Blumberg HP, Villa LM. Neuroimaging Studies of Brain Structure in Older Adults with Bipolar Disorder: A Review. JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND BRAIN SCIENCE 2022; 7:e220006. [PMID: 36092855 PMCID: PMC9453888 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20220006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common mood disorder that can have severe consequences during later life, including suffering and impairment due to mood and cognitive symptoms, elevated risk for dementia and an especially high risk for suicide. Greater understanding of the brain circuitry differences involved in older adults with BD (OABD) in later life and their relationship to aging processes is required to improve outcomes of OABD. The current literature on gray and white matter findings, from high resolution structural and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, has shown that BD in younger age groups is associated with gray matter reductions within cortical and subcortical brain regions that subserve emotion processing and regulation, as well as reduced structural integrity of white matter tracts connecting these brain regions. While fewer neuroimaging studies have focused on OABD, it does appear that many of the structural brain differences found in younger samples are present in OABD. There is also initial suggestion that there are additional brain differences, for at least a subset of OABD, that may result from more pronounced gray and white matter declines with age that may contribute to adverse outcomes. Preclinical and clinical data supporting neuro-plastic and -protective effects of mood-stabilizing medications, suggest that treatments may reverse and/or prevent the progression of brain changes thereby reducing symptoms. Future neuroimaging research implementing longitudinal designs, and large-scale, multi-site initiatives with detailed clinical and treatment data, holds promise for reducing suffering, cognitive dysfunction and suicide in OABD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niroop Rajashekar
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Hilary P. Blumberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Luca M. Villa
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX37JX, UK
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21
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McWhinney SR, Abé C, Alda M, Benedetti F, Bøen E, del Mar Bonnin C, Borgers T, Brosch K, Canales-Rodríguez EJ, Cannon DM, Dannlowski U, Diaz-Zuluaga AM, Lorielle Dietze, Elvsåshagen T, Eyler LT, Fullerton JM, Goikolea JM, Goltermann J, Grotegerd D, Haarman BCM, Hahn T, Howells FM, Ingvar M, Kircher TTJ, Krug A, Kuplicki RT, Landén M, Lemke H, Liberg B, Lopez-Jaramillo C, Malt UF, Martyn FM, Mazza E, McDonald C, McPhilemy G, Meier S, Meinert S, Meller T, Melloni EMT, Mitchell PB, Nabulsi L, Nenadic I, Opel N, Ophoff RA, Overs BJ, Pfarr JK, Pineda-Zapata JA, Pomarol-Clotet E, Raduà J, Repple J, Richter M, Ringwald KG, Roberts G, Ross A, Salvador R, Savitz J, Schmitt S, Schofield PR, Sim K, Stein DJ, Stein F, Temmingh HS, Thiel K, Thomopoulos SI, van Haren NEM, Van Gestel H, Vargas C, Vieta E, Vreeker A, Waltemate L, Yatham LN, Ching CRK, Andreassen O, Thompson PM, Hajek T. Diagnosis of bipolar disorders and body mass index predict clustering based on similarities in cortical thickness-ENIGMA study in 2436 individuals. Bipolar Disord 2022; 24:509-520. [PMID: 34894200 PMCID: PMC9187778 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Rates of obesity have reached epidemic proportions, especially among people with psychiatric disorders. While the effects of obesity on the brain are of major interest in medicine, they remain markedly under-researched in psychiatry. METHODS We obtained body mass index (BMI) and magnetic resonance imaging-derived regional cortical thickness, surface area from 836 bipolar disorders (BD) and 1600 control individuals from 14 sites within the ENIGMA-BD Working Group. We identified regionally specific profiles of cortical thickness using K-means clustering and studied clinical characteristics associated with individual cortical profiles. RESULTS We detected two clusters based on similarities among participants in cortical thickness. The lower thickness cluster (46.8% of the sample) showed thinner cortex, especially in the frontal and temporal lobes and was associated with diagnosis of BD, higher BMI, and older age. BD individuals in the low thickness cluster were more likely to have the diagnosis of bipolar disorder I and less likely to be treated with lithium. In contrast, clustering based on similarities in the cortical surface area was unrelated to BD or BMI and only tracked age and sex. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that both BD and obesity are associated with similar alterations in cortical thickness, but not surface area. The fact that obesity increased the chance of having low cortical thickness could explain differences in cortical measures among people with BD. The thinner cortex in individuals with higher BMI, which was additive and similar to the BD-associated alterations, may suggest that treating obesity could lower the extent of cortical thinning in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Abé
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Erlend Bøen
- Unit for Psychosomatics / CL Outpatient Clinic for Adults, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo Norway
| | - Caterina del Mar Bonnin
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tiana Borgers
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Brosch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Dara M. Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ana M. Diaz-Zuluaga
- Research Group in Psychiatry GIPSI, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Lorielle Dietze
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisa T. Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Desert-Pacific MIRECC, VA San Diego Healthcare, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Janice M. Fullerton
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jose M. Goikolea
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janik Goltermann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Bartholomeus C. M. Haarman
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Fleur M. Howells
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Martin Ingvar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tilo T. J. Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Axel Krug
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Mikael Landén
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannah Lemke
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Benny Liberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo
- Research Group in Psychiatry GIPSI, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ulrik F. Malt
- Unit for Psychosomatics / CL Outpatient Clinic for Adults, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fiona M. Martyn
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Elena Mazza
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Genevieve McPhilemy
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sandra Meier
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tina Meller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Elisa M. T. Melloni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip B. Mitchell
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leila Nabulsi
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Igor Nenadic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Roel A. Ophoff
- UCLA Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Julia-Katharina Pfarr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julian A. Pineda-Zapata
- Research Group, Instituto de Alta Tecnología Médica, Ayudas diagnósticas SURA, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Joaquim Raduà
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Psychiartry, King’s College Londen, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maike Richter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kai G. Ringwald
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gloria Roberts
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alex Ross
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Raymond Salvador
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.,Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Simon Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter R. Schofield
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,South African MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Henk S. Temmingh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Katharina Thiel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sophia I. Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Neeltje E. M. van Haren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Holly Van Gestel
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Cristian Vargas
- Research Group in Psychiatry GIPSI, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annabel Vreeker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lena Waltemate
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Christopher R. K. Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Ole Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Tomas Hajek
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
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22
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Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Shah C, Li Q, Sweeney JA, Li F, Gong Q. Cortical Thickness Abnormalities at Different Stages of the Illness Course in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 2022; 79:560-570. [PMID: 35476125 PMCID: PMC9047772 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Importance Questions of whether and how cortical thickness (CTh) alterations differ over the course of schizophrenia (SCZ) have yet to be resolved. Objective To characterize CTh alterations across illness stages in SCZ. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Science Direct were screened for CTh studies published before June 15, 2021. Study Selection Original studies comparing whole-brain CTh alterations from healthy controls in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR), first episode of psychosis (FEP), and long-term illness stages of SCZ were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis This preregistered systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA reporting guidelines. Separate and pooled meta-analyses were performed using seed-based d mapping. Meta-regression analyses were conducted. Main Outcomes and Measures Cortical thickness differences from healthy control individuals across illness stages. Results Ten studies comprising 859 individuals with CHR (mean [SD] age, 21.02 [2.66] years; male, 573 [66.7%]), 12 studies including 671 individuals with FEP (mean [SD] age, 22.87 [3.99] years; male, 439 [65.4%]), and 10 studies comprising 579 individuals with long-term SCZ (mean [SD] age, 41.58 [6.95] years; male, 396 [68.4%]) were included. Compared with healthy control individuals, individuals with CHR showed cortical thinning in bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (z = -1.01; P < .001). Individuals with FEP showed cortical thinning in right lateral superior temporal cortex (z = -1.34; P < .001), right anterior cingulate cortex (z = -1.44; P < .001), and right insula (z = -1.14; P = .002). Individuals with long-term SCZ demonstrated CTh reductions in right insula (z = -3.25; P < .001), right inferior frontal cortex (z = -2.19; P < .001), and left (z = -2.37; P < .001) and right (z = -1.94; P = .002) temporal pole. There were no significant CTh differences between CHR and FEP. Individuals with long-term SCZ showed greater cortical thinning in right insula (z = -2.58; P < .001), right inferior frontal cortex (z = -2.32; P < .001), left lateral temporal cortex (z = -1.91; P = .002), and right temporal pole (z = -1.82; P = .002) than individuals with FEP. Combining all studies on SCZ, accelerated age-related CTh reductions were found in bilateral lateral middle temporal cortex and right pars orbitalis in inferior frontal cortex. Conclusions and Relevance The absence of significant differences between FEP and CHR noted in this systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that the onset of psychosis was not associated with robust CTh reduction. The greater cortical thinning in long-term SCZ compared with FEP with accelerated age-related reduction in CTh suggests progressive neuroanatomic alterations following illness onset. Caution in interpretation is needed because heterogeneity in samples and antipsychotic treatment may confound these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Zhao
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chandan Shah
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - John A. Sweeney
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Fei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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23
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Di Biase MA, Geaghan MP, Reay WR, Seidlitz J, Weickert CS, Pébay A, Green MJ, Quidé Y, Atkins JR, Coleman MJ, Bouix S, Knyazhanskaya EE, Lyall AE, Pasternak O, Kubicki M, Rathi Y, Visco A, Gaunnac M, Lv J, Mesholam-Gately RI, Lewandowski KE, Holt DJ, Keshavan MS, Pantelis C, Öngür D, Breier A, Cairns MJ, Shenton ME, Zalesky A. Cell type-specific manifestations of cortical thickness heterogeneity in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2052-2060. [PMID: 35145230 PMCID: PMC9126812 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01460-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain morphology differs markedly between individuals with schizophrenia, but the cellular and genetic basis of this heterogeneity is poorly understood. Here, we sought to determine whether cortical thickness (CTh) heterogeneity in schizophrenia relates to interregional variation in distinct neural cell types, as inferred from established gene expression data and person-specific genomic variation. This study comprised 1849 participants in total, including a discovery (140 cases and 1267 controls) and a validation cohort (335 cases and 185 controls). To characterize CTh heterogeneity, normative ranges were established for 34 cortical regions and the extent of deviation from these ranges was measured for each individual with schizophrenia. CTh deviations were explained by interregional gene expression levels of five out of seven neural cell types examined: (1) astrocytes; (2) endothelial cells; (3) oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs); (4) excitatory neurons; and (5) inhibitory neurons. Regional alignment between CTh alterations with cell type transcriptional maps distinguished broad patient subtypes, which were validated against genomic data drawn from the same individuals. In a predominantly neuronal/endothelial subtype (22% of patients), CTh deviations covaried with polygenic risk for schizophrenia (sczPRS) calculated specifically from genes marking neuronal and endothelial cells (r = -0.40, p = 0.010). Whereas, in a predominantly glia/OPC subtype (43% of patients), CTh deviations covaried with sczPRS calculated from glia and OPC-linked genes (r = -0.30, p = 0.028). This multi-scale analysis of genomic, transcriptomic, and brain phenotypic data may indicate that CTh heterogeneity in schizophrenia relates to inter-individual variation in cell-type specific functions. Decomposing heterogeneity in relation to cortical cell types enables prioritization of schizophrenia subsets for future disease modeling efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Di Biase
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michael P Geaghan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - William R Reay
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jakob Seidlitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Alice Pébay
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa J Green
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yann Quidé
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua R Atkins
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael J Coleman
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Amanda E Lyall
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Visco
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Megan Gaunnac
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jinglei Lv
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Kathryn E Lewandowski
- Division of Psychotic Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daphne J Holt
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia
| | - Dost Öngür
- Division of Psychotic Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan Breier
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Murray J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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24
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OUP accepted manuscript. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:4386-4396. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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25
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Hua JPY, Mathalon DH. Cortical and Subcortical Structural Morphometric Profiles in Individuals with Nonaffective and Affective Early Illness Psychosis. SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN OPEN 2022; 3:sgac028. [PMID: 39144757 PMCID: PMC11206002 DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Research has found strong evidence for common and distinct morphometric brain abnormality profiles in nonaffective psychosis (NAff-P) and affective psychosis (Aff-P). Due to chronicity and prolonged medication exposure confounds, it is crucial to examine structural morphometry early in the course of psychosis. Using Human Connectome Project-Early Psychosis data, multivariate profile analyses were implemented to examine regional profiles for cortical thickness, cortical surface area, subcortical volume, and ventricular volume in healthy control (HC; n = 56), early illness NAff-P (n = 83), and Aff-P (n = 30) groups after accounting for normal aging. Associations with symptom severity, functioning, and cognition were also examined. Group regional profiles were significantly nonparallel and differed in level for cortical thickness (P < .001), with NAff-P having widespread cortical thinning relative to HC and Aff-P and some regions showing greater deficits than others. Significant nonparallelism of group regional profiles was also evident for cortical surface area (P < .006), with Aff-P and N-Aff-P differing from HC and from each other (P < .001). For subcortical volume, there was significant profile nonparallelism with NAff-P having an enlarged left pallidum and smaller accumbens and hippocampus (P < .028), and Aff-P having a smaller accumbens and amygdala (P < .006), relative to HC. NAff-P also had larger basal ganglia compared to Aff-P. Furthermore, NAff-P had enlarged ventricles (P < .055) compared to HC and Aff-P. Additionally, greater ventricular volume was associated with increased manic symptoms in NAff-P and Aff-P. Overall, this study found common and distinct regional morphometric profile abnormalities in early illness NAff-P and Aff-P, providing evidence for both shared and disease-specific pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Y Hua
- Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, San Francisco VA Medical Center, and the University of California, San Francisco, CA,USA
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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26
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Tarchi L, Damiani S, La Torraca Vittori P, Marini S, Nazzicari N, Castellini G, Pisano T, Politi P, Ricca V. The colors of our brain: an integrated approach for dimensionality reduction and explainability in fMRI through color coding (i-ECO). Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:977-990. [PMID: 34689318 PMCID: PMC9107439 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several systematic reviews have highlighted the role of multiple sources in the investigation of psychiatric illness. For what concerns fMRI, the focus of recent literature preferentially lies on three lines of research, namely: functional connectivity, network analysis and spectral analysis. Data was gathered from the UCLA Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics. The sample was composed by 130 neurotypicals, 50 participants diagnosed with Schizophrenia, 49 with Bipolar disorder and 43 with ADHD. Single fMRI scans were reduced in their dimensionality by a novel method (i-ECO) averaging results per Region of Interest and through an additive color method (RGB): local connectivity values (Regional Homogeneity), network centrality measures (Eigenvector Centrality), spectral dimensions (fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations). Average images per diagnostic group were plotted and described. The discriminative power of this novel method for visualizing and analyzing fMRI results in an integrative manner was explored through the usage of convolutional neural networks. The new methodology of i-ECO showed between-groups differences that could be easily appreciated by the human eye. The precision-recall Area Under the Curve (PR-AUC) of our models was > 84.5% for each diagnostic group as evaluated on the test-set – 80/20 split. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for an integrative and easy-to-understand approach in the analysis and visualization of fMRI results. A high discriminative power for psychiatric conditions was reached. This proof-of-work study may serve to investigate further developments over more extensive datasets covering a wider range of psychiatric diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livio Tarchi
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, viale della Maternità, Padiglione 8b, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Florence, FI, 50134, Italy.
| | - Stefano Damiani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, PV, Italy
| | | | - Simone Marini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nelson Nazzicari
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Fodder Crops and Dairy Productions, Lodi, LO, Italy
| | - Giovanni Castellini
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, viale della Maternità, Padiglione 8b, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Florence, FI, 50134, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pisano
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Politi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Valdo Ricca
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, viale della Maternità, Padiglione 8b, AOU Careggi, Firenze, Florence, FI, 50134, Italy
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27
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Bross M, Hackett M, Bernitsas MM, Bao F, Carla-Santiago-Martinez, Bernitsas E. Cortical surface thickness, subcortical volumes and disability between races in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 53:103025. [PMID: 34052742 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interplay between cortical surface thickness (CTh), subcortical volumes (SCV) and disability in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is still not clear. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between CTh, SCV, and disability and investigate differences in CTh, SCV and disability between African Americans (AA) and Caucasian Americans (CA). METHODS Sixty-five RRMS (33AA, 32 CA) participants underwent Expanded Disability Status Scale and Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC) assessments, including timed 25-foot walk (T25FW), nine-hole peg test (9HPT) on dominant (D) and non-dominant hand (ND) and paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT-3). Symbol digit modalities test (SDMT) was also administered. All participants underwent 3T brain MRI. CTh was measured in the Frontal (FA), Parietal (PA), Temporal (TA), Occipital (OA), Cingulate (CA), and Global (GA) cortical surface areas (CSA). SCV measurements included Thalamus (TV), Caudate (CV), Putamen (PV), Pallidum (PaV), Hippocampus (HV), Amygdala (AV), Accumbens (AcV), Brain Stem (BSV), and Deep Gray Matter Total Volume (DGMTV). A general linear model with multivariate analysis (MANOVA) was used to determine the differences between the two cohorts (SPSS vs 25). Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between CTh and MSFC. RESULTS AA have significantly decreased FA, PA, TA, GA CTh compared to CA (p = 0.004, p = 0.018, p = 0.013, p = 0.015, respectively). SCV measurements were not significantly different. Only in CA, the MSFC measures correlate significantly with regional CSA CTh. In both races and in the entire group, T25FW correlates with TV, PV, AV, AcV and DGMTV (p < 0.05). Only in AA and the entire cohort, PASAT-3 correlates with TV and AcV(p = 0.041, p = 0.006, p = 0.006, p = 0.000 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Differences in CSA CTh reinforce the different disease pathobiology between AA and CA. Regional CTh may represent a useful biomarker related to multi-domain disability only in CA, while in AA DGM injury might be a more important contributor to disability. Longitudinal, large-scale studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Bross
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, USA
| | - Melody Hackett
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, USA
| | | | - Fen Bao
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, USA
| | | | - Evanthia Bernitsas
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, USA.
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Garcia-Ruiz B, de Moura MC, Muntané G, Martorell L, Bosch E, Esteller M, J Canales-Rodríguez E, Pomarol-Clotet E, Jiménez E, Vieta E, Vilella E. DDR1 methylation is associated with bipolar disorder and the isoform expression and methylation of myelin genes. Epigenomics 2021; 13:845-858. [PMID: 33942629 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate DDR1 methylation in the brains of bipolar disorder (BD) patients and its association with DDR1 mRNA levels and comethylation with myelin genes. Materials & methods: Genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation (Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip) corrected for glial composition and DDR1 gene expression analysis in the occipital cortices of individuals with BD (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 15) were conducted. Results: DDR1 5-methylcytosine levels were increased and directly associated with DDR1b mRNA expression in the brains of BD patients. We also observed that DDR1 was comethylated with a group of myelin genes. Conclusion: DDR1 is hypermethylated in BD brain tissue and is associated with isoform expression. Additionally, DDR1 comethylation with myelin genes supports the role of this receptor in myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Garcia-Ruiz
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Ctra. de l'Institut Pere Mata, s/n. 43206, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Visgili (IISPV), C/ Dr. Mallafrè Guasch, 4 Edifici modular Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII. 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Psiquiatria, C/Sant Llorenç, 21. 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manuel Castro de Moura
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Josep Carreras Building, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gerard Muntané
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Ctra. de l'Institut Pere Mata, s/n. 43206, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Visgili (IISPV), C/ Dr. Mallafrè Guasch, 4 Edifici modular Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII. 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Psiquiatria, C/Sant Llorenç, 21. 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Martorell
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Ctra. de l'Institut Pere Mata, s/n. 43206, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Visgili (IISPV), C/ Dr. Mallafrè Guasch, 4 Edifici modular Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII. 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Psiquiatria, C/Sant Llorenç, 21. 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Bosch
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), C/Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Josep Carreras Building, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles, 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23. 08010, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Feixa Llarga, 08907, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Erick J Canales-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029, Madrid, Spain.,FIDMAG Research Foundation, Germanes Hospitalàries, Av. Jordà, 8. 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 11. CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029, Madrid, Spain.,FIDMAG Research Foundation, Germanes Hospitalàries, Av. Jordà, 8. 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esther Jiménez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Bipolar & Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Villarroel, 170, 12-0. 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Bipolar & Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Villarroel, 170, 12-0. 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Ctra. de l'Institut Pere Mata, s/n. 43206, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Visgili (IISPV), C/ Dr. Mallafrè Guasch, 4 Edifici modular Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII. 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Departament de Psiquiatria, C/Sant Llorenç, 21. 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3. 28029, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Liao X, Sun J, Jin Z, Wu D, Liu J. Cortical Morphological Changes in Congenital Amusia: Surface-Based Analyses. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:721720. [PMID: 35095585 PMCID: PMC8794692 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.721720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Congenital amusia (CA) is a rare disorder characterized by deficits in pitch perception, and many structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have been conducted to better understand its neural bases. However, a structural magnetic resonance imaging analysis using a surface-based morphology method to identify regions with cortical features abnormalities at the vertex-based level has not yet been performed. Methods: Fifteen participants with CA and 13 healthy controls underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. A surface-based morphology method was used to identify anatomical abnormalities. Then, the surface parameters' mean value of the identified clusters with statistically significant between-group differences were extracted and compared. Finally, Pearson's correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA) scores and surface parameters. Results: The CA group had significantly lower MBEA scores than the healthy controls (p = 0.000). The CA group exhibited a significant higher fractal dimension in the right caudal middle frontal gyrus and a lower sulcal depth in the right pars triangularis gyrus (p < 0.05; false discovery rate-corrected at the cluster level) compared to healthy controls. There were negative correlations between the mean fractal dimension values in the right caudal middle frontal gyrus and MBEA score, including the mean MBEA score (r = -0.5398, p = 0.0030), scale score (r = -0.5712, p = 0.0015), contour score (r = -0.4662, p = 0.0124), interval score (r = -0.4564, p = 0.0146), rhythmic score (r = -0.5133, p = 0.0052), meter score (r = -0.3937, p = 0.0382), and memory score (r = -0.3879, p = 0.0414). There was a significant positive correlation between the mean sulcal depth in the right pars triangularis gyrus and the MBEA score, including the mean score (r = 0.5130, p = 0.0052), scale score (r = 0.5328, p = 0.0035), interval score (r = 0.4059, p = 0.0321), rhythmic score (r = 0.5733, p = 0.0014), meter score (r = 0.5061, p = 0.0060), and memory score (r = 0.4001, p = 0.0349). Conclusion: Individuals with CA exhibit cortical morphological changes in the right hemisphere. These findings may indicate that the neural basis of speech perception and memory impairments in individuals with CA is associated with abnormalities in the right pars triangularis gyrus and middle frontal gyrus, and that these cortical abnormalities may be a neural marker of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjie Sun
- Department of Radiology, The Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhishuai Jin
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - DaXing Wu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Department of Radiology Quality Control Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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30
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Zhong J, Wu H, Wu F, He H, Zhang Z, Huang J, Cao P, Fan N. Cortical Thickness Changes in Chronic Ketamine Users. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:645471. [PMID: 33841212 PMCID: PMC8026883 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.645471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have examined the effects of long-term ketamine use on gray matter volume. But it is unclear whether chronic ketamine use alters cortical thickness and whether cortical thickness changes in chronic ketamine users are associated with cognitive deficits observed in chronic ketamine users. Methods: Here, 28 chronic ketamine users and 30 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Cortical morphometry based on Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12) was used to measure cortical thickness. Cognitive performance was measured by MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Two-sample t-test was used to assess differences in cortical thickness and cognitive performance between the two groups. Partial correlation analysis was used for assessing correlations between cortical thickness changes and clinical characteristics, cognitive performance in chronic ketamine users. Results: Chronic ketamine users exhibited significantly reduced cortical thickness in frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes compared to HC [false discovery rate (FDR) corrected at p < 0.05]. In chronic ketamine users, the average quantity (g) of ketamine use/day was negatively correlated with cortical thickness in the left superior frontal gyrus (SFG), right caudal middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and right paracentral lobule. The frequency of ketamine use (days per week) was negatively correlated with cortical thickness in the left isthmus cingulate cortex. Duration of ketamine use (month) was negatively correlated with cortical thickness in the left precentral gyrus. The chronic ketamine users showed significantly poorer cognitive performance on the working memory (P = 0.009), visual learning (P = 0.009), speed of processing (P < 0.000), and Matrics composite (P = 0.01). There was no correlation between scores of domains of MCCB and reduced cortical thickness. Conclusion: The present study observed reduced cortical thickness in multiple brain areas, especially in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in chronic ketamine users. Dose, frequency, and duration of ketamine use was negatively correlated with cortical thickness of some brain areas. Our results suggest that chronic ketamine use may lead to a decrease of cortical thickness. But the present study did not observe any correlation between reduced cortical thickness and decreased cognitive performance in chronic ketamine users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhong
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huawang Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengchun Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo He
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Cao
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ni Fan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Cortical gyrification in relation to age and cognition in older adults. Neuroimage 2020; 212:116637. [PMID: 32081782 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gyrification of the cerebral cortex changes with aging and relates to development of cognitive function during early life and midlife. Little is known about how gyrification relates to age and cognitive function later in life. We investigated this in 4397 individuals (mean age: 63.5 years, range: 45.7 to 97.9) from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort. Global and local gyrification were assessed from T1-weighted images. A measure for global cognition, the g-factor, was calculated from five cognitive tests. Older age was associated with lower gyrification (mean difference per year = -0.0021; 95% confidence interval = -0.0025; -0.0017). Non-linear terms did not improve the models. Age related to lower gyrification in the parietal, frontal, temporal and occipital regions, and higher gyrification in the medial prefrontal cortex. Higher levels of the g-factor were associated with higher global gyrification (mean difference per g-factor unit = 0.0044; 95% confidence interval = 0.0015; 0.0073). Age and the g-factor did not interact in relation to gyrification (p > 0.05). The g-factor bilaterally associated with gyrification in three distinct clusters. The first cluster encompassed the superior temporal gyrus, the insular cortex and the postcentral gyrus, the second cluster the lingual gyrus and the precuneus, and the third cluster the orbitofrontal cortex. These clusters largely remained statistically significant after correction for cortical surface area. Overall, the results support the notion that gyrification varies with aging and cognition during and after midlife, and suggest that gyrification is a potential marker for age-related brain and cognitive decline beyond midlife.
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