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Sahu Y, Jamadade P, Ch Maharana K, Singh S. Role of mitochondrial homeostasis in D-galactose-induced cardiovascular ageing from bench to bedside. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101923. [PMID: 38925493 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable phenomenon which affects the cellular to the organism level in the progression of the time. Oxidative stress and inflammation are now widely regarded as the key processes involved in the aging process, which may then cause significant harm to mitochondrial DNA, leading to apoptosis. Normal circulatory function is a significant predictor of disease-free life expectancy. Indeed, disorders affecting the cardiovascular system, which are becoming more common, are the primary cause of worldwide morbidity, disability, and mortality. Cardiovascular aging may precede or possibly underpin overall, age-related health decline. Numerous studies have foundmitochondrial mechanistc approachplays a vital role in the in the onset and development of aging. The D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging model is well recognized and commonly used in the aging study. In this review we redeposit the association of the previous and current studies on mitochondrial homeostasis and its underlying mechanisms in D-galactose cardiovascular ageing. Further we focus the novel and the treatment strategies to combat the major complication leading to the cardiovascular ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India
| | - Pratiksha Jamadade
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India
| | - Krushna Ch Maharana
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India
| | - Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India.
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Rahman MA, Shuvo AA, Apu MMH, Bhakta MR, Islam F, Rahman MA, Islam MR, Reza HM. Combination of epigallocatechin 3 gallate and curcumin improves D-galactose and normal-aging associated memory impairment in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12681. [PMID: 37542120 PMCID: PMC10403524 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we observed curcumin improves aging-associated memory impairment in D-galactose (D-gal) and normal-aged (NA) mice. Evidence showed that multiple agents can be used in managing aging-induced memory dysfunction, drawn by the contribution of several pathways. Curcumin and Epigallocatechin 3 gallate (EGCG) combination substantially reduced the oxidative stress that commonly mediates aging. This study examined the combined effect of EGCG and curcumin on memory improvement in two recognized models, D-gal and normal-aged (NA) mice. The co-administration of EGCG and curcumin significantly (p < 0.05) increased retention time detected by passive avoidance (PA) and freezing response determined in contextual fear conditioning (CFC) compared to the discrete administration of EGCG or curcumin. Biochemical studies revealed that the combination of EGCG and curcumin remarkably ameliorated the levels (p < 0.05) of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, advanced oxidation protein products, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation compared to the monotherapy of EGCG or curcumin in mice hippocampi. The behavioral and biochemical studies revealed that the combination of EGCG and curcumin showed better improvement in rescuing aging-associated memory disorders in mice. EGCG and curcumin combination could serve as a better choice in managing aging-related memory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashrafur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, PA, 18766, USA.
| | - Arif Anzum Shuvo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehedi Hasan Apu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Monisha Rani Bhakta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Islam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - Hasan Mahmud Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
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Kwon HJ, Hahn KR, Nam SM, Yoon YS, Moon SM, Hwang IK, Kim DW. Purpurin ameliorates D-galactose-induced aging phenotypes in mouse hippocampus by reducing inflammatory responses. Neurochem Int 2023; 167:105552. [PMID: 37230197 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpurin, an anthraquinone, has potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in various types of brain damage. In a previous study, we showed that purpurin exerts neuroprotective effects against oxidative and ischemic damage by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the present study, we investigated the effects of purpurin against D-galactose-induced aging phenotypes in mice. Exposure to 100 mM D-galactose significantly decreased cell viability in HT22 cells, and purpurin treatment significantly ameliorated the reduction of cell viability, formation of reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with 6 mg/kg purpurin significantly improved D-galactose-induced memory impairment in the Morris water maze test in C57BL/6 mice and alleviated the reduction of proliferating cells and neuroblasts in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. In addition, purpurin treatment significantly mitigated D-galactose-induced changes of microglial morphology in the mouse hippocampus and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. In addition, purpurin treatment significantly ameliorated D-galactose-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and cleavage of caspase-3 in HT22 cells. These results suggest that purpurin can delay aging by reducing the inflammatory cascade and phosphorylation of the c-Jun N-terminal in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Kyu Ri Hahn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sung Min Nam
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Institute for Environmental Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, South Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Seung Myung Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, 07441, South Korea; Research Institute for Complementary & Alternative Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24253, South Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea.
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Pantiya P, Thonusin C, Ongnok B, Chunchai T, Kongkaew A, Nawara W, Arunsak B, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Chronic D-Galactose Administration Induces Natural Aging Characteristics, in Rat's Brain and Heart. Toxicology 2023; 492:153553. [PMID: 37225035 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effect of chronic D-galactose exposure on the mimicking of natural aging processes based upon the hallmarks of aging. Seven-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 12) were randomly assigned to receive either normal saline solution as a vehicle (n = 6) or 150mg/kg/day of D-galactose subcutaneously for 28 weeks. Seventeen-month-old rats (n = 6) were also included as the chronologically aged controls. At the end of week 28 of the experiment (when the rats reach 35 weeks old and 24 months old), all rats were sacrificed for brain and heart collection. Our results showed that chronic D-galactose exposure mimicked natural aging characteristics of the brain and the heart in terms of deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, and functional impairment. All of which highlight the potential of D-galactose as a substance for inducing brain and cardiac aging in animal experiments. DATA AVAILABILITY: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharapong Pantiya
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chanisa Thonusin
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Benjamin Ongnok
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Aphisek Kongkaew
- Research Administration Section, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Liao Y, Lai Y, Xu H, Gao L, Fu X, Wang X, Wang Q, Shen J, Fang J, Fang S. Bushen-Yizhi formula ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress via AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathway in D-gal-induced aging rats. Chin Med 2023; 18:53. [PMID: 37170155 PMCID: PMC10176912 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00755-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, aging has become a heavy health care burden worldwide. Age-related decline in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress is strongly associated with neurodegeneration. The previous study demonstrated that Bushen-Yizhi formula (BSYZ), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is effective in reducing neurodegeneration. METHODS This study is the first to investigate the effect of BSYZ on D-gal-induced learning memory in rats. Secondly, the potential metabolic mechanism of BSYZ was explored by 1H-NMR metabolomics analysis. Then based on the comparison of differential metabolites implied that BSYZ ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction through choline metabolic pathway in D-gal-treated rats. Finally, pharmacological validation was conducted to explore the effects of BSYZ on D-gal-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. RESULTS Our data showed that BSYZ increased aspartate and betaine levels, while decreasing choline levels. Furthermore, BSYZ also increased the proteins level of CHDH and BHMT to regulate choline metabolic pathway. Meanwhile, BSYZ alleviated mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, including enhanced ATP production and the ratio of NAD+/NADH, reduced the level of MDA, enhanced GSH and SOD activity, upregulated the expressions of p-AMPK, SIRT1 proteins. In addition, BSYZ downregulated the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, as well as suppressed Bcl-2 proteins family dependent apoptosis. CONCLUSION BSYZ treatment effectively rescues neurobehavioral impairment by improving mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and neuroapoptosis via AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in D-gal-induced aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Liao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Lai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilin Xu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Fu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuhuan Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China.
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Ghoweba RE, Khowailed AA, Aboulhoda BE, Rashed LA, Selmy A. Synergistic role of resveratrol and exercise training in management of diabetic neuropathy and myopathy via SIRT1/NGF/GAP43 linkage. Tissue Cell 2023; 81:102014. [PMID: 36621294 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy (DN). Both resveratrol (RES) and exercise (EX) have potent anti-oxidative benefits. Low levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and SIRT1 (a member of sirtuin family) have been reported in patients with DN. The current study has been designed to investigate the role of serum NGF and SIRT1 on DN-induced hyperalgesia and motor incoordination and to evaluate the possible protective role of RES and/or EX. MAIN METHODS A total of 40 male adult albino rats divided into five groups; control, DN, DN + RES, DN + EX, and DN + RES and EX. DN was confirmed by sensorimotor disturbance and diminished nerve conduction velocity (NCV). NGF and SIRT1 levels were measured by western blot. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was measured by PCR. Myofibrillar degeneration and inflammation scores were revealed via H&E microscopic analysis of the gastrocnemius muscle. Immunohistochemical evaluation of caspase3 and TNF-α was performed in the lumber segment of spinal cord and gastrocnemius muscle sections. Ultrastructural evaluation of sciatic nerve axonal degeneration has also been assessed. KEY FINDINGS DN group showed decreased SIRT1 level, decreased NGF level and correlated with CGRP level and Na+/K+ ATPase. Treatment with RES and/or EX resulted in improvement of sensorimotor disturbance. DN characterized by reduced SOD level, whereas RES and/or EX could limit oxidative damage by up-regulation Bcl2, Akt and GAP-43 and down-regulation of caspase3 and TNF-α. In conclusion, increased level of SIRT1and NGF by incorporation of RES (natural supplementation) and EX (life style modification) could improve the neuroinflammatory state in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Basma Emad Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Selmy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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Hassan M, Ismail H, Hammam O, Elsayed A, Othman O, Aly Hassan S. Natural inhibitors for acetylcholinesterase and autophagy modulators as effective antagonists for tau and β-amyloid in Alzheimer's rat model. Biomarkers 2023; 28:273-288. [PMID: 36594248 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2164617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Phytochemicals have amazing biological effects in relation to age-related illnesses and are increasingly being studied in clinical trials. The goal of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the aqueous extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) and Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) and their combinations as tau and β-amyloid antagonists in an Alzheimer's rat model. Methods: AlCl3 and D-galactose (150 & 300 mg/kg) were used to create the Alzheimer's neuroinflammation rat model. The animals were subsequently given the two extracts and their combinations (500 mg/kg) along 15 days. The cognitive impairment, oxidative stress, tau & amyloid neuroproteins, acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase neurotransmitters, proinflammatory cytokines, LC3 as an autophagy marker, computational analysis, and morphological alterations were all assessed. Results: When compared to the conventional donepezil and normal groups, the treated groups showed a significant improvement in all calculated parameters. The cortex and hippocampus have a better morphological appearance. In silico analysis found that these extracts may have an affinity for and impede the activity of some proteins thought to be essential regulators of disease progression. Conclusion: Rosemary and Saffron extracts by the power of their constituents were able to alleviate the neurotoxicity of AlCl3 & D-galactose and regulate the natural autophagy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Hassan
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hisham Ismail
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Olfat Hammam
- Pathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdullrahman Elsayed
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, British University in Egypt, Al Shorouk City, Egypt
| | - Othman Othman
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Sohair Aly Hassan
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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Martinovic J, Zaric Kontic M, Dragic M, Todorovic A, Gusevac Stojanovic I, Mitrovic N, Grkovic I, Drakulic D. Chronic oral d-galactose intake provokes age-related changes in the rat prefrontal cortex. Behav Brain Res 2023; 436:114072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Xu Y, Yang Y, Li B, Xie Y, Shi Y, Le G. Dietary methionine restriction improves gut microbiota composition and prevents cognitive impairment in D-galactose-induced aging mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:12896-12914. [PMID: 36444912 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03366f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) has been shown to delay aging and ameliorate age-related cognitive impairments. We hypothesized that changes in the gut microbiota may mediate these effects. To test this hypothesis, ICR mice subcutaneously injected with 150 mg kg-1 day-1D-galactose were fed a normal (0.86% methionine) or an MR (0.17% methionine) diet for 2 months. Multiple behavioral experiments were performed, and the gut microbiota composition, metabolite profiles related to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces, and indicators related to the redox and inflammatory states in the hippocampus were further analyzed. Our results indicated that MR alleviated cognitive impairment (including non-spatial memory deficits, working memory deficits, and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory deficits) and anxiety-like behavior in D-Gal-induced aging mice. Furthermore, MR increased the abundance of putative SCFA-producing bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae, Turicibacter, Roseburia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Intestinimonas, Rikenellaceae, Tyzzerella, and H2S-producing bacteria such as Desulfovibrio in feces. Moreover, MR reversed and normalized the levels of intestinal SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) and important intermediate metabolites of the SCFAs (pyruvate, lactate, malate, fumarate, and succinate), abolished aging-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, increased the levels of H2S in the plasma and hippocampus, and selectively modulated the expression of multiple learning- and memory-related genes in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that MR improved the gut microbiota composition and SCFA production and alleviated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the hippocampus, which might prevent cognitive impairment in D-galactose-induced aging mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yanli Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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Alejandro SP. ER stress in cardiac aging, a current view on the D-galactose model. Exp Gerontol 2022; 169:111953. [PMID: 36116694 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies are mandatory to study aging, however, they have certain drawbacks, for example, they require strict maintenance that is expensive given the breeding time (approximately 2 years) and with a low survival rate, having some animals to study very limitedly. In vitro studies provide useful and invaluable information on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that help understand the aging process to overcome these aspects. In particular, the model of premature aging induced by chronic exposure to D-galactose (D-Gal) offers a very similar picture to that which occurs in natural aging. This model mimics most of the old animals' cellular processes, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammation, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). However, the information related to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and, subsequently, the unfolded protein response (UPR) is not fully elucidated. Therefore, this review brings together the most current information on this response in the D-Gal-induced aging model and its effect on cardiac structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silva-Palacios Alejandro
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico.
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11
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Daroi PA, Dhage SN, Juvekar AR. p-Coumaric acid protects against D-galactose induced neurotoxicity by attenuating neuroinflammation and apoptosis in mice brain. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2569-2579. [PMID: 35913570 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
D-galactose (D-gal) induced senescence in rodents is a widely used model for assessment of molecules affecting brain ageing. Chronic administration of D-gal causes neuroinflammation leading to cognitive deficit and memory impairment which represent Alzheimer's dementia. In present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of the natural phenol, p-Coumaric acid (PCA) and its underlying mechanism in the chronic D-gal treated mice. Subcutaneous administration of D-gal (150 mg/kg) to Swiss albino mice for 42 consecutive days resulted in cognitive impairment as observed in Morris water maize (MWM) and Y maze test, which was ameliorated by concurrent treatment with PCA (80 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.). Importantly, PCA treatment attenuated the D-gal induced oxidative stress and significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in mice brain. Furthermore, PCA treatment significantly lowered levels of inflammatory marker nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and reduced levels of proapoptotic enzyme caspase3. We also observed that PCA treatment exhibited β-secretase enzyme (BACE1) inhibitory effect. However, our results revealed that PCA treatment failed to decrease the level of advanced glycation end products both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, current study demonstrated the significant neuroprotective effect of PCA against D-gal induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Atul Daroi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shrikant Ninaji Dhage
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Ramesh Juvekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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Laveriano-Santos EP, López-Yerena A, Jaime-Rodríguez C, González-Coria J, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Romanyà J, Pérez M. Sweet Potato Is Not Simply an Abundant Food Crop: A Comprehensive Review of Its Phytochemical Constituents, Biological Activities, and the Effects of Processing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091648. [PMID: 36139723 PMCID: PMC9495970 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, sweet potato (Ipomoea batata L.; Lam.) is considered a very interesting nutritive food because it is rich in complex carbohydrates, but as a tubercle, contains high amounts of health-promoting secondary metabolites. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recently published information on this root vegetable, focusing on its bioactive phytochemical constituents, potential effects on health, and the impact of processing technologies. Sweet potato is considered an excellent source of dietary carotenoids, and polysaccharides, whose health benefits include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity, cardiovascular protection, anticancer properties and improvement in neurological and memory capacity, metabolic disorders, and intestinal barrier function. Moreover, the purple sweet potato, due to its high anthocyanin content, represents a unique food option for consumers, as well as a potential source of functional ingredients for healthy food products. In this context, the effects of commercial processing and domestic cooking techniques on sweet potato bioactive compounds require further study to understand how to minimize their loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily P. Laveriano-Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anallely López-Yerena
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Jaime-Rodríguez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biology, Health, and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johana González-Coria
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biology, Health, and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Romanyà
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biology, Health, and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Maria Pérez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (M.P.)
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13
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Li C, Lai S, Yi R, Zhou X, Zhao X, Li Q. Blood Coral Polysaccharide Helps Prevent D-Gal/LPS-Induced Acute Liver Failure in Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4499-4513. [PMID: 35966003 PMCID: PMC9374204 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s369176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The liver protection of blood coral polysaccharide (BCP) was investigated. Materials and Methods We evaluated the effect of BCP on liver pathology, liver function, oxidation and inflammation-related indicators of D-Gal/LPS-induced acute liver failure (ALF) mice in vivo. Results Liver index and liver pathology observation in mice showed that BCP could inhibit liver tissue swelling and hemorrhage, hepatocyte damage, and inflammatory infiltration in ALF. Serum liver function results showed that BCP effectively inhibits the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total bilirubin (TBil), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), myeloperoxidase (MPO). High dose-blood coral polysaccharide (H-BCP) was better than silymarin. Serum antioxidant and immune results showed that BCP increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and inhibited the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). Also, BCP increased immunoglobulins G (IgG) and A (IgA) levels, thereby enhancing humoral immunity. Liver anti-inflammatory ELISA results showed that BCP reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ, and enhanced the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. H-BCP was the most effective treatment. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) of liver tissues confirmed that BCP increases the relative expression levels of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory-related cuprozinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD, SOD1), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2), CAT, GSH, GSH-Px, and IL-10. In contrast, it inhibits inflammation-related genes IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, NOS2), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. In addition, BCP also inhibits the nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and enhance B-cell inhibitor-α (IκB-α) gene relative expression in the liver, which may be related to NF-κB pathway inhibition. Conclusion BCP prevents D-Gal/LPS-induced ALF in mice, and its effect is concentration dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Shu Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiulongpo District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Child Nutrition and Health Development, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Hagen-Lillevik S, Johnson J, Siddiqi A, Persinger J, Hale G, Lai K. Harnessing the Power of Purple Sweet Potato Color and Myo-Inositol to Treat Classic Galactosemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158654. [PMID: 35955788 PMCID: PMC9369367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Classic Galactosemia (CG) is a devastating inborn error of the metabolism caused by mutations in the GALT gene encoding the enzyme galactose-1 phosphate uridylyltransferase in galactose metabolism. Severe complications of CG include neurological impairments, growth restriction, cognitive delays, and, for most females, primary ovarian insufficiency. The absence of the GALT enzyme leads to an accumulation of aberrant galactose metabolites, which are assumed to be responsible for the sequelae. There is no treatment besides the restriction of dietary galactose, which does not halt the development of the complications; thus, additional treatments are sorely needed. Supplements have been used in other inborn errors of metabolism but are not part of the therapeutic regimen for CG. The goal of this study was to test two generally recognized as safe supplements (purple sweet potato color (PSPC) and myo-inositol (MI)) that may impact cellular pathways contributing to the complications in CG. Our group uses a GalT gene-trapped mouse model to study the pathophysiology in CG, which phenocopy many of the complications. Here we report the ability of PSPC to ameliorate dysregulation in the ovary, brain, and liver of our mutant mice as well as positive results of MI supplementation in the ovary and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synneva Hagen-Lillevik
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.-L.); (K.L.); Tel.: +1-253-592-8692 (S.H.-L.)
| | - Joshua Johnson
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anwer Siddiqi
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Jes Persinger
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - Gillian Hale
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Kent Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.-L.); (K.L.); Tel.: +1-253-592-8692 (S.H.-L.)
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15
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Rahman MA, Shuvo AA, Bepari AK, Hasan Apu M, Shill MC, Hossain M, Uddin M, Islam MR, Bakshi MK, Hasan J, Rahman A, Rahman GMS, Reza HM. Curcumin improves D-galactose and normal-aging associated memory impairment in mice: In vivo and in silico-based studies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270123. [PMID: 35767571 PMCID: PMC9242463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-induced memory impairment is closely associated with oxidative stress. D-Galactose (D-gal) evokes severe oxidative stress and mimics normal aging in animals. Curcumin, a natural flavonoid, has potent antioxidant and anti-aging properties. There are several proteins like glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1), glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO1), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), and amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A (MAOA) are commonly involved in oxidative stress and aging. This study aimed to investigate the interaction of curcumin to these proteins and their subsequent effect on aging-associated memory impairment in two robust animal models: D-Gal and normal aged (NA) mice. The aging mice model was developed by administering D-gal intraperitoneally (i.p). Mice (n = 64) were divided into the eight groups (8 mice in each group): Vehicle, Curcumin-Control, D-gal (100mg/kg; i.p), Curcumin + D-gal, Astaxanthin (Ast) + D-gal, Normal Aged (NA), Curcumin (30mg/kg Orally) + NA, Ast (20mg/kg Orally) + NA. Retention and freezing memories were assessed by passive avoidance (PA) and contextual fear conditioning (CFC). Molecular docking was performed to predict curcumin binding with potential molecular targets. Curcumin significantly increased retention time (p < 0.05) and freezing response (p < 0.05) in PA and CFC, respectively. Curcumin profoundly ameliorated the levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, advanced oxidation protein products, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation in mice hippocampi. In silico studies revealed favorable binding energies of curcumin with GSTA1, GSTO1, KEAP1, BACE1, and MAOA. Curcumin improves retention and freezing memory in D-gal and nature-induced aging mice. Curcumin ameliorates the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in mice. Anti-aging effects of curcumin could be attributed to, at least partially, the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes through binding with GSTA1, GSTO1, KEAP1, and inhibition of oxidative damage through binding with BACE1 and MAOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ashrafur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Science Center (TTUHSC), Amarillo, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MAR); (HMR)
| | - Arif Anzum Shuvo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asim Kumar Bepari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan Apu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Manik Chandra Shill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Murad Hossain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Uddin
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
- Cellular Intelligence (Ci) Lab, GenomeArc Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Md. Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Monjurul Kader Bakshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Javed Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Hasan Mahmud Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: (MAR); (HMR)
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16
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Induction of Accelerated Aging in a Mouse Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091418. [PMID: 35563724 PMCID: PMC9102583 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the global increase of the elderly population, the improvement of the treatment for various aging-related diseases and the extension of a healthy lifespan have become some of the most important current medical issues. In order to understand the developmental mechanisms of aging and aging-related disorders, animal models are essential to conduct relevant studies. Among them, mice have become one of the most prevalently used model animals for aging-related studies due to their high similarity to humans in terms of genetic background and physiological structure, as well as their short lifespan and ease of reproduction. This review will discuss some of the common and emerging mouse models of accelerated aging and related chronic diseases in recent years, with the aim of serving as a reference for future application in fundamental and translational research.
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17
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Liu XL, Zhao YC, Zhu HY, Wu M, Zheng YN, Yang M, Cheng ZQ, Ding CB, Liu WC. Taxifolin retards the D-galactose-induced aging process through inhibiting Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and regulating the gut microbiota in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:12142-12158. [PMID: 34788354 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging and aging-related metabolic complications are global problems that seriously threaten public health. Taxifolin (TAX) is a novel health food and has been widely proved to have a variety of biological activities used in food and medicine. However, the delayed effect of TAX on the aging process has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of TAX as a natural active substance on aging brain tissue induced by D-galactose (D-Gal) and to determine the effect of supplementing TAX on the metabolism of the intestinal flora in aging bodies. The aging model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-Gal (800 mg kg-1) once per 3 days for 12 weeks, and TAX (20 and 40 mg kg-1) was administered daily by oral gavage after 6 weeks of induction with D-Gal. After testing aging mice in an eight-arm maze, the results showed that TAX treatment significantly restored spatial learning and memory impairment. Moreover, long-term D-Gal treatment incited cholinergic dysfunction of aging mice, and H&E staining revealed obvious histopathological damage and structural disorder in the hippocampus of mouse brain tissue, while TAX treatment significantly reversed these changes. Importantly, supplementing with TAX significantly mitigated oxidative stress injury by alleviating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) while increasing antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, TAX decreased the apoptosis of the aging brain by regulating the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and activating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NADH dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO1) to maximally moderate the oxidative stress injury that occurred after D-Gal induction. In addition, 16S rDNA analysis revealed that TAX treatment decelerated the D-gal-induced aging process by regulating the composition of the intestinal flora and abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Enterorhabdus, Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, and Parvibacter. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that TAX alleviated oxidative stress injury in mice aged by D-Gal and also confirmed that TAX improved the aging process by regulating intestinal microbes, which provides the possibility of prevention and treatment for aging and metabolic disorders through the potential food health factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Hong-Yan Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Ming Wu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yi-Nan Zheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Min Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Cheng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Chuan-Bo Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Wen-Cong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China. .,State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun 130118, China
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18
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Pan S, Gong S, Zhang J, Jia S, Wang M, Pan Y, Wang X, Jiang D. Anti-aging effects of fetal dermal mesenchymal stem cells in a D-galactose-induced aging model of adult dermal fibroblasts. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:795-807. [PMID: 34647281 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00624-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The main characteristic of skin aging is the change in the composition of the dermis, mainly resulting from fibroblast senescence. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from fetal dermis are defined as fetal dermal mesenchymal stem cells; they reportedly exert wound healing effects on the skin and regulate keloid fibroblast proliferation. D-Galactose is widely used in animal aging models. In this study, we confirmed that D-galactose inhibits adult dermal fibroblast proliferation, and the inhibitory effect gradually increased with increasing concentration. Finally, we chose a concentration of 40 g/L D-galactose to induce adult dermal fibroblast senescence. D-Galactose increased the intensity of senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining and the levels of reactive oxygen species in adult dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, D-galactose increased the mRNA expression of p16, p21, and p53. The fetal dermal mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium improved the above-mentioned effects. Overall, fetal dermal mesenchymal stem cells exerted anti-aging effects against adult dermal fibroblasts induced by D-galactose via paracrine functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Pan
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Siyu Gong
- Department of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Maoying Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Duyin Jiang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Homolak J, Babic Perhoc A, Knezovic A, Kodvanj I, Virag D, Osmanovic Barilar J, Riederer P, Salkovic-Petrisic M. Is Galactose a Hormetic Sugar? An Exploratory Study of the Rat Hippocampal Redox Regulatory Network. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100400. [PMID: 34453395 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Galactose, a ubiquitous monosaccharide with incompletely understood physiology is often exploited for inducing oxidative-stress mediated aging in animals. Recent research demonstrates that galactose can conserve cellular function during periods of starvation and prevent/alleviate cognitive deficits in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. The present aim is to examine the acute effects of oral galactose on the redox regulatory network (RRN). METHODS AND RESULTS Rat plasma and hippocampal RRNs are analyzed upon acute orogastric gavage of galactose (200 mg kg-1 ). No systemic RRN disbalance is observed; however, a mild pro-oxidative shift accompanied by a paradoxical increment in tissue reductive capacity suggesting overcompensation of endogenous antioxidant systems is observed in the hippocampus. Galactose-induced increment of reductive capacity is accompanied by inflation of the hippocampal pool of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphates indicating ROS detoxification through disinhibition of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway flux, reduced neuronal activity, and upregulation of Leloir pathway gatekeeper enzyme galactokinase-1. CONCLUSION Based on the observed findings, and in the context of previous work on galactose, a hormetic hypothesis of galactose is proposed suggesting that the protective effects may be inseparable from its pro-oxidative action at the biochemical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Homolak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Babic Perhoc
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Knezovic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Kodvanj
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Virag
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Osmanovic Barilar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter Riederer
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,University of Southern Denmark Odense, Odense, Denmark
| | - Melita Salkovic-Petrisic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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20
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Blat A, Stepanenko T, Bulat K, Wajda A, Dybas J, Mohaissen T, Alcicek FC, Szczesny-Malysiak E, Malek K, Fedorowicz A, Marzec KM. Spectroscopic Signature of Red Blood Cells in a D-Galactose-Induced Accelerated Aging Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2660. [PMID: 33800818 PMCID: PMC7961785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents a semi-quantitative spectroscopic approach, including FTIR-ATR and Raman spectroscopies, for the biochemical analysis of red blood cells (RBCs) supported by the biochemical, morphological and rheological reference techniques. This multi-modal approach provided the description of the RBC alterations at the molecular level in a model of accelerated aging induced by administration of D-galactose (D-gal), in comparison to natural aging. Such an approach allowed to conclude that most age-related biochemical RBC membrane changes (a decrease in lipid unsaturation and the level of phospholipids, or an increase in acyl chain shortening) as well as alterations in the morphological parameters and RBC deformability are well reflected in the D-gal model of accelerated aging. Similarly, as in natural aging, a decrease in LDL level in blood plasma and no changes in the fraction of glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, HDL, iron, or triglycerides were observed during the course of accelerated aging. Contrary to natural aging, the D-gal model led to an increase in cholesterol esters and the fraction of total esterified lipids in RBC membranes, and evoked significant changes in the secondary structure of the membrane proteins. Moreover, a significant decrease in the phosphorous level of blood plasma was specific for the D-gal model. On the other hand, natural aging induced stronger changes in the secondary structures of the proteins of the RBCs' interior. This work proves that research on the aging mechanism, especially in circulation-related diseases, should employ the D-gal model with caution. Nonetheless, the D-gal model enables to imitate age-related rheological alterations in RBCs, although they are partially derived from different changes observed in the RBC membrane at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Blat
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Tetiana Stepanenko
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Bulat
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Aleksandra Wajda
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub Dybas
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Tasnim Mohaissen
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Fatih Celal Alcicek
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Ewa Szczesny-Malysiak
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 2 Gronostajowa Str., 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Fedorowicz
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna M. Marzec
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego Str., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; (A.B.); (T.S.); (K.B.); (A.W.); (J.D.); (T.M.); (F.C.A.); (E.S.-M.)
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Oskouei Z, Mehri S, Kalalinia F, Hosseinzadeh H. Evaluation of the effect of thymoquinone in d-galactose-induced memory impairments in rats: Role of MAPK, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation pathways and telomere length. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2252-2266. [PMID: 33325602 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
D-galactose (d-gal) induces aging and memory impairment via oxidative stress and neuroinflammation pathways. This study evaluated the neuroprotective activity of thymoquinone (TQ) against d-gal. d-gal (400 mg/kg, SC), d-gal plus TQ (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, i.p.), and TQ alone (2.5 and 10 mg/kg) for 8 weeks were administered to rats. The effect of TQ on learning and memory were studied using the Morris water maze test. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in the hippocampus. The levels of MAPKs (p-ERK/ERK, p-P38/P38), cAMP response elements binding (p-CREB/CREB), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammatory markers (TNFα, IL-1β), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were analyzed by western blotting. Telomere length was evaluated using real-time PCR. Memory and learning impairment, MDA enhancement, GSH reduction, and neuroinflammation via increasing the TNFα, IL-1β, and GFAP contents were observed in d-gal group. TQ with d-gal, improved memory impairment, reduced oxidative stress, and alleviated neuroinflammation. The elevated level of AGEs decreased by TQ compared to d-gal. No changes were observed in the levels of p-ERK/ERK, p-CREB/CREB, p-P38/P38, BDNF, and telomere length following administration of d-gal or TQ plus d-gal. TQ improved memory deficits of d-gal through anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Oskouei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kalalinia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Flores-Cuadra JA, Madrid A, Fernández PL, Pérez-Lao AR, Oviedo DC, Britton GB, Carreira MB. Critical Review of the Alzheimer's Disease Non-Transgenic Models: Can They Contribute to Disease Treatment? J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 82:S227-S250. [PMID: 33216029 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing neurodegenerative disease without effective treatments or therapies. Despite the use of different approaches and an extensive variety of genetic amyloid based models, therapeutic strategies remain elusive. AD is characterized by three main pathological hallmarks that include amyloid-β plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammatory processes; however, many other pathological mechanisms have been described in the literature. Nonetheless, the study of the disease and the screening of potential therapies is heavily weighted toward the study of amyloid-β transgenic models. Non-transgenic models may aid in the study of complex pathological states and provide a suitable complementary alternative to evaluating therapeutic biomedical and intervention strategies. In this review, we evaluate the literature on non-transgenic alternatives, focusing on the use of these models for testing therapeutic strategies, and assess their contribution to understanding AD. This review aims to underscore the need for a shift in preclinical research on intervention strategies for AD from amyloid-based to alternative, complementary non-amyloid approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio A Flores-Cuadra
- Centro de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Alanna Madrid
- Centro de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Patricia L Fernández
- Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular de Enfermedades, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Ambar R Pérez-Lao
- Centro de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Diana C Oviedo
- Centro de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panamá, República de Panamá.,Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Católica Santa María La Antigua (USMA), Panamá
| | - Gabrielle B Britton
- Centro de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Maria B Carreira
- Centro de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Panamá, República de Panamá
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Ullah R, Jo MH, Riaz M, Alam SI, Saeed K, Ali W, Rehman IU, Ikram M, Kim MO. Glycine, the smallest amino acid, confers neuroprotection against D-galactose-induced neurodegeneration and memory impairment by regulating c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the mouse brain. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:303. [PMID: 33059700 PMCID: PMC7566050 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycine is the smallest nonessential amino acid and has previously unrecognized neurotherapeutic effects. In this study, we examined the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of glycine (Gly) against neuroapoptosis, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and memory impairment resulting from d-galactose-induced elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the onset of neurodegeneration in the brains of C57BL/6N mice. Methods After in vivo administration of d-galactose (d-gal; 100 mg/kg/day; intraperitoneally (i/p); for 60 days) alone or in combination with glycine (1 g/kg/day in saline solution; subcutaneously; for 60 days), all of the mice were sacrificed for further biochemical (ROS/lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry) after behavioral analyses. An in vitro study, in which mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells were treated with or without a JNK-specific inhibitor (SP600125), and molecular docking analysis were used to confirm the underlying molecular mechanism and explore the related signaling pathway prior to molecular and histological analyses. Results Our findings indicated that glycine (an amino acid) inhibited d-gal-induced oxidative stress and significantly upregulated the expression and immunoreactivity of antioxidant proteins (Nrf2 and HO-1) that had been suppressed in the mouse brain. Both the in vitro and in vivo results indicated that d-gal induced oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration primarily by upregulating phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) levels. However, d-gal + Gly cotreatment reversed the neurotoxic effects of d-gal by downregulating p-JNK levels, which had been elevated by d-gal. We also found that Gly reversed d-gal-induced neuroapoptosis by significantly reducing the protein expression levels of proapoptotic markers (Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP-1) and increasing the protein expression level of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Both the molecular docking approach and the in vitro study (in which the neuronal HT22 cells were treated with or without a p-JNK-specific inhibitor (SP600125)) further verified our in vivo findings that Gly bound to the p-JNK protein and inhibited its function and the JNK-mediated apoptotic pathway in the mouse brain and HT22 cells. Moreover, the addition of Gly alleviated d-gal-mediated neuroinflammation by inhibiting gliosis via attenuation of astrocytosis (GFAP) and microgliosis (Iba-1) in addition to reducing the protein expression levels of various inflammatory cytokines (IL-1βeta and TNFα). Finally, the addition of Gly reversed d-gal-induced synaptic dysfunction by upregulating the expression of memory-related presynaptic protein markers (synaptophysin (SYP), syntaxin (Syn), and a postsynaptic density protein (PSD95)) and markedly improved behavioral measures of cognitive deficits in d-gal-treated mice. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that Gly-mediated deactivation of the JNK signaling pathway underlies the neuroprotective effect of Gly, which reverses d-gal-induced oxidative stress, apoptotic neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and memory impairment. Therefore, we suggest that Gly (an amino acid) is a safe and promising neurotherapeutic candidate that might be used for age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Ullah
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeung Hoon Jo
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sayed Ibrar Alam
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamran Saeed
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Waqar Ali
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Inayat Ur Rehman
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Ponne S, Kumar CR, Boopathy R. Verapamil attenuates scopolamine induced cognitive deficits by averting oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury - A potential therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's Disease. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:503-515. [PMID: 31691145 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder where amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, Ca2+ dysregulation, excessive oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic loss operate synergistically to bring about cholinergic deficits and dementia. New therapeutic interventions are gaining prominence as the morbidity and mortality of AD increases exponentially every year. Treating AD with antihypertensive drugs is thought to be a promising intervention; however, its mechanism of action of ameliorating AD needs further investigation. In this context, the present study explores the protective effect of verapamil, an antihypertensive agent of Ca2+ channel blocker (CCB) class against scopolamine-induced in vitro neurotoxicity and in vivo cognitive impairment. Supplementation of verapamil was found to attenuate oxidative stress by preventing mitochondrial injury, and augment the expression of genes involved in the cholinergic function (mACR1), synaptic plasticity (GAP43, SYP) and Ca2+-dependent memory-related genes (CREB1, CREBBP, BDNF). Further, verapamil treatment in mice attenuated the cognitive and behavioural deficits induced by scopolamine as measured by the elevated plus maze and passive avoidance test (P < 0.05). Thus, the present study demonstrates the neuroprotective effect of verapamil against the pathogenesis of AD such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive decline. These observations emphasize the importance of ‛Ca2+ dysregulation' and ‛mitochondrial dysfunction' theories in AD and recommends the supplementation of compounds that regulate Ca2+ homeostasis and mitochondrial function in susceptible AD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanaraman Ponne
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, Kalapet, 605014, India.
| | - Chinnadurai Raj Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Rathanam Boopathy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Timson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
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26
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Li H, Zheng L, Chen C, Liu X, Zhang W. Brain Senescence Caused by Elevated Levels of Reactive Metabolite Methylglyoxal on D-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1004. [PMID: 31619960 PMCID: PMC6760031 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex natural phenomenon that is manifested by degenerative changes in the structure and function of cells and tissues. D-Galactose-induced aging mice are an artificial accelerated aging model that causes memory and learning impairment, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. In this study, we examined the underlying mechanism of an aging mouse model induced by D-galactose. Our behavioral Morris water maze results revealed that D-galactose administration for 2 months significantly induced memory and learning impairment in C57BL/6J mice. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results showed elevated levels of the metabolite methylglyoxal (MG) in D-galactose-induced aging mice. Whether and how D-galactose induces senescence by elevated levels of reactive metabolite MG remain unclear. In our study, MG mainly accumulated through the following two aspects: to increase its source, namely, the triose phosphate produced by the glycolysis pathway, and to reduce its detoxification system, namely, the glyoxalase system. Therefore, elevated MG levels may be one of the causes of brain senescence in D-galactose-induced mice. However, the molecular mechanism of the increased level of the reaction metabolite methylglyoxal requires further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Chen
- The Laboratory of Vector Biology, College of Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- National and Local United Engineering Research Center for Panax Notoginseng Resources Protection and Utilization Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,The Laboratory of Vector Biology, College of Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China.,National and Local United Engineering Research Center for Panax Notoginseng Resources Protection and Utilization Technology, Kunming, China
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D-Galactose-induced accelerated aging model: an overview. Biogerontology 2019; 20:763-782. [PMID: 31538262 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To facilitate the process of aging healthily and prevent age-related health problems, efforts to properly understand aging mechanisms and develop effective and affordable anti-aging interventions are deemed necessary. Systemic administration of D-galactose has been established to artificially induce senescence in vitro and in vivo as well as for anti-aging therapeutic interventions studies. The aim of this article is to comprehensively discuss the use of D-galactose to generate a model of accelerated aging and its possible underlying mechanisms involved in different tissues/organs.
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Sha JY, Zhou YD, Yang JY, Leng J, Li JH, Hu JN, Liu W, Jiang S, Wang YP, Chen C, Li W. Maltol (3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone) Slows d-Galactose-Induced Brain Aging Process by Damping the Nrf2/HO-1-Mediated Oxidative Stress in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10342-10351. [PMID: 31461273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Maltol, a maillard reaction product from ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), has been confirmed to inhibit oxidative stress in several animal models. Its beneficial effect on oxidative stress related brain aging is still unclear. In this study, the mouse model of d-galactose (d-Gal)-induced brain aging was employed to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of maltol. Maltol treatment significantly restored memory impairment in mice as determined by the Morris water maze tests. Long-term d-Gal treatment reduced expression of cholinergic regulators, i.e., the cholineacetyltransferase (ChAT) (0.456 ± 0.10 vs 0.211 ± 0.03 U/mg prot), the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (36.4 ± 5.21 vs 66.5 ± 9.96 U/g). Maltol treatment prevented the reduction of ChAT and AChE in the hippocampus. Maltol decreased oxidative stress levels by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production in the brain and by elevating antioxidative enzymes. Furthermore, maltol treatment minimized oxidative stress by increasing the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1). The above results clearly indicate that supplementation of maltol diminishes d-Gal-induced behavioral dysfunction and neurological deficits via activation of the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in brain. Maltol might become a potential drug to slow the brain aging process and stimulate endogenous antioxidant defense capacity. This study provides the novel evidence that maltol may slow age-associated brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yue Sha
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Yan-Dan Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jia-Yu Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jing Leng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jian-Hao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane 4072 , Australia
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun 130118 , China
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Baeta-Corral R, Castro-Fuentes R, Giménez-Llort L. Sexual Dimorphism in the Behavioral Responses and the Immunoendocrine Status in d-Galactose-Induced Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1147-1157. [PMID: 29471511 PMCID: PMC6093367 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For almost 20 years, chronic systemic d-galactose, a monosaccharide abundantly present in milk products, fruits, and vegetables, has been used as a tool to achieve models of accelerated aging. Its neurotoxicity, induced by abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species and advanced glycation end products, has been widely reported. However, behavioral outcomes are still controversial and little is known about sex-dependent vulnerability. We performed a comprehensive behavioral and multifunctional screening of the chronic effects of low (50 mg/kg) and high (100 mg/kg) doses of d-galactose in 6-month-old male and female gold-standard C57BL/6 mice. Twelve classical tests with convergent validity analyzed sensorimotor, emotional and cognitive domains, indicating the existence of thresholds of response. Distinct vulnerability patterns were found in a selective sex- and dose-dependent manner. In males, d-galactose induced sensorimotor impairment and immunoendocrine senescence, but the low dose resulted in improved learning and memory. Oppositely, d-galactose-treated females exhibited a dose-dependent worse motor and spatial learning, but improved memory. Behavioral outcome items point at distinct neuronal substrates underlying the functional capacity of d-galactose-treated animals to meet task-dependent performance demands. They support that males and females can be regarded as two exceptional natural scenarios to study the functional interplay in the cross talk of homeostatic networks in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Baeta-Corral
- Translational Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Castro-Fuentes
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Section Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Translational Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites as Therapeutic Agents for Neurodegenerative Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090333. [PMID: 31443476 PMCID: PMC6770078 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are characterized by the death of neurons within specific regions of the brain or spinal cord. While the etiology of many neurodegenerative diseases remains elusive, several factors are thought to contribute to the neurodegenerative process, such as oxidative and nitrosative stress, excitotoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, protein aggregation, and neuroinflammation. These processes culminate in the death of vulnerable neuronal populations, which manifests symptomatically as cognitive and/or motor impairments. Until recently, most treatments for these disorders have targeted single aspects of disease pathology; however, this strategy has proved largely ineffective, and focus has now turned towards therapeutics which target multiple aspects underlying neurodegeneration. Anthocyanins are unique flavonoid compounds that have been shown to modulate several of the factors contributing to neuronal death, and interest in their use as therapeutics for neurodegeneration has grown in recent years. Additionally, due to observations that the bioavailability of anthocyanins is low relative to that of their metabolites, it has been proposed that anthocyanin metabolites may play a significant part in mediating the beneficial effects of an anthocyanin-rich diet. Thus, in this review, we will explore the evidence evaluating the neuroprotective and therapeutic potential of anthocyanins and their common metabolites for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Truong AN, Thor Y, Harris GK, Simunovic J, Truong VD. Acid Inhibition on Polyphenol Oxidase and Peroxidase in Processing of Anthocyanin-Rich Juice and Co-product Recovery from Purple-Fleshed Sweetpotatoes. J Food Sci 2019; 84:1730-1736. [PMID: 31218701 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With high phytochemical and starch contents, purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes (PFSP) have been processed into various functional ingredients and food products including juices and natural colorants. For juice processing, PFSP are usually subjected to heat treatment for inactivation of pigment-degrading enzymes. However, heating of sweetpotatoes gelatinizes starch and produces thick slurry with cooked flavor, which are the drawbacks. Development of alternative processes to overcome the stated problems will be beneficial to sweetpotato processors. This study demonstrated that acidified water (≥3% w/v citric acid) was effective in inhibiting polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in raw PFSP resulting in an attractive reddish juice. About 93% total phenolics (TP) and 83% total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA) in PFSP were extracted by two repeated extractions. The combined PFSP juice (3.2 L/kg PFSP) had high levels of TP (1,850 mg/L) and TMA (475 mg/L). With the developed process, 167 g dried starch, and 140 g dried high-fiber pomace were obtained for each kg raw PFSP, besides the highly pigmented juice. Pasteurization of the PFSP juice samples (pH 3.2) at 80 °C for 12 s resulted in 15% loss in TMA and had no effect on TP. The results indicated an efficient process to produce sweetpotato juice with high bioactive compounds and recovery of starch and high dietary fiber pomace as co-products. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes (PFSP) are rich in polyphenolics and antioxidant activities. In PFSP juice extraction, heat treatment to inactivate the pigment-degrading enzymes results in starch gelatinization and cooked flavor. A nonthermal process using acidified water was developed for producing anthocyanin-rich juice from PFSP and concurrently recovering native starch and dried pomace, which would increase the economic feasibility of the developed process. The results demonstrate an efficient process for the sweetpotato industry in producing PFSP pigmented juice and co-products for various food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- An N Truong
- Dept. of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State Univ., 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695
| | - Yiwen Thor
- Dept. of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State Univ., 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695
| | - G Keith Harris
- Dept. of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State Univ., 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695
| | - Josip Simunovic
- Dept. of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State Univ., 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695
| | - Van-Den Truong
- USDA-ARS, SEA, Food Science Research Unit, 322 Schaub Hall, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695
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Effect of domestic cooking methods on the anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of deeply purple-fleshed sweetpotato GZ9. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01515. [PMID: 31025020 PMCID: PMC6475894 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes (PFSPs) are considered to be a healthy food and there are many methods to process in family. This study aimed to investigate the effects of various domestic cooking on the anthocyanin variation and antioxidant activity of a newly bred purple-fleshed cultivar Guangzishu 9 (GZ9) with anthocyanin content up to 1,500 mg/100g dry weight. As a result, total 15 individual anthocyanins were separated and identified by using UPLC-QTOF-MS. Top three anthocyanins were cyanidin 3-dicaffeoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside, cyanidin 3-caffeoyl- p-coumaryl sophoroside-5-glucoside and peonidin 3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside, which accounting for 57.27% of the total anthocyanin content. Acylated anthocyanins were the major constituents in GZ9, and the type of anthocyanins was dominated by cyanidin. Boiling, steaming and mircrowaving had no significant effect on the total anthocyanin content. But baking, frying, air-frying and stir-frying reduced 11–45% of total anthocyanin content. Through ABTS+ radical scavenging capacity and reducing power, antioxidant variations were also observed during different family cooking, and the variation had a strong correlation with total anthocyanin content.
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Sarni AR, Baroni L. Milk and Parkinson disease: Could galactose be the missing link. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-180234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Baroni
- Primary Care Unit, Northern District, Local Health Unit 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
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Yang X, Guo AL, Pang YP, Cheng XJ, Xu T, Li XR, Liu J, Zhang YY, Liu Y. Astaxanthin Attenuates Environmental Tobacco Smoke-Induced Cognitive Deficits: A Critical Role of p38 MAPK. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E24. [PMID: 30609815 PMCID: PMC6356379 DOI: 10.3390/md17010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) impairs cognitive function and induces oxidative stress in the brain. Recently, astaxanthin (ATX), a marine bioactive compound, has been reported to ameliorate cognitive deficits. However, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, ATX administration (40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg, oral gavage) and cigarette smoking were carried out once a day for 10 weeks to investigate whether the p38 MAPK is involved in cognitive function in response to ATX treatment in the cortex and hippocampus of ETS mice. Results indicated that ATX administration improved spatial learning and memory of ETS mice (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Furthermore, exposure to ATX prevented the increases in the protein levels of the p38mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK; p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB p65; p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), reversed the decreases in the mRNA and protein levels of synapsin I (SYN) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) (all p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Moreover, ATX significantly down-regulated the increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) (all p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Meanwhile, the increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decreased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) were suppressed after exposure to ATX (all p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Also, the results of the molecular docking study of ATX into the p38 MAPK binding site revealed that its mechanism was possibly similar to that of PH797804, a p38 MAPK inhibitor. Therefore, our results indicated that the ATX might be a critical agent in protecting the brain against neuroinflammation, synaptic plasticity impairment, and oxidative stress in the cortex and hippocampus of ETS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - An-Lei Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Yi-Peng Pang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Xiao-Jing Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Ting Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Xin-Rui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Jiao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Yu-Yun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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Nam SM, Cho IS, Seo JS, Go TH, Kim JH, Nahm SS, Chang BJ, Lee JH. Ascorbic Acid Attenuates Lead-Induced Alterations in the Synapses in the Developing Rat Cerebellum. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:142-150. [PMID: 29696534 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of lead (Pb) and ascorbic acid treatment of pregnant female rats on cerebellar development in pups. Pb was administered in drinking water (0.2% Pb acetate), and ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg) was administered through oral intubation. Fifteen female rats were randomly classified into control, Pb, and Pb plus ascorbic acid (PA) groups. The treatment of Pb and ascorbic acid treatments were terminated after birth to evaluate the effects on the gestational development of the cerebellum. At postnatal day 21 (PND21), pups were sacrificed, and blood Pb level was analyzed. Blood Pb levels of pups and dams were highest in the Pb group and reduced in the PA group. Immunohistochemistry and immunoblot assays were conducted to study the cerebellar expression levels of synaptic proteins. Along with a significant reduction in Purkinje cells, the reduction in presynaptic (synaptophysin) and postsynaptic (postsynaptic density protein 95, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 1) marker proteins was observed in Pb-exposed pups. Ascorbic acid treatment significantly prevented Pb-induced impairment in the cerebellar synaptic proteins. Hypothesizing that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might be affected by Pb exposure given its importance in the regulation of synaptogenesis, we observed a Pb-induced decrease and ascorbic acid-mediated increase of BDNF in the cerebellum. Luxol fast blue staining and myelin basic protein analysis suggest that ascorbic acid treatment ameliorated the Pb exposure-induced reduction in the axonal fibers in the developing cerebellum. Overall, we conclude that ascorbic acid treatment during pregnancy can prevent Pb-induced impairments in the cerebellar development in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Min Nam
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Science Research Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Cho
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
- Korea Bio-Safety Institute Co. Ltd, Eumseong, Chungbuk, 27600, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Seo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hun Go
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology, Seoul Rehabilitation Hospital, Seoul, 03428, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Soep Nahm
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Science Research Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joon Chang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea.
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Science Research Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea.
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Science Research Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05030, Republic of Korea.
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Flavonoid-Rich Ethanol Extract from the Leaves of Diospyros kaki Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation-Mediated Brain Aging in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8938207. [PMID: 30671176 PMCID: PMC6323539 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8938207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a major factor that contributes to neurological impairment and neuropathological changes, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, and synaptic dysfunction. Flavonoids act as protective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents against various age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated the protective effect and mechanisms of the flavonoid-rich ethanol extract from the leaves of Diospyros kaki (FELDK) in the cortex and hippocampus of D-galactose- (gal-) aged mice. Our results showed that FELDK treatment restored memory impairment in mice as determined by the Y-maze and Morris water maze tests. FELDK decreased oxidative stress levels via inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production and elevating antioxidative enzymes. FELDK also alleviated D-gal-induced neuroinflammation via suppressing the expression of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) and activating microgliosis and astrocytosis, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation, and downstream inflammatory mediators. Moreover, FELDK inhibited the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and C-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) apoptotic signaling pathways and ameliorated the impairment of synapse-related proteins. Hence, these results indicate that FELDK exerts neuroprotective effects on D-gal-induced brain aging. Thus, FELDK may be a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Qin S, Sun D, Mu J, Ma D, Tang R, Zheng Y. Purple sweet potato color improves hippocampal insulin resistance via down-regulating SOCS3 and galectin-3 in high-fat diet mice. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:370-377. [PMID: 30465813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal insulin resistance is the key factor in cognitive deficits. The obesity induces chronic inflammation and the inflammation molecules suppressors of cytokine signaling3 (SOCS3) and galectin-3 directly impair the insulin signaling. The anti-inflammation properties of purple sweet potato color (PSPC) prompted us to investigate the effect of PSPC on cognitive impairment associated with obesity. 60 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal, high fat diets (HFD), HFD+PSPC and PSPC. The mice were fed with the HFD or normal diet for 32 weeks. The PSPC (500 mg/kg/day) was administered via oral gavage from 21 to 32 weeks. The results showed the PSPC rectified the abnormal metabolism indexes induced by HFD, including ameliorated obesity, decreased the concentration of fasting blood glucose and improved the glucose tolerance. The Morris water maze test showed the PSPC alleviated the cognitive impairment in HFD mice. The PSPC decreased the expression of Iba1, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, SOCS3 and galectin-3 in hippocampus of HFD mice. The insulin signaling molecules including the p-IRS1 (Tyr608), PI3K p110α and p-AKT (Ser473) were detected and the PSPC treatment improved the insulin resistance in hippocampus of HFD mice. Furthermore, the PSPC increased Bcl-2, diminished the Bak and the cleaved-caspase3 in HFD mice hippocampus. These findings indicated that PSPC could be a potential treatment to improve the cognitive impairment associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suping Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dexu Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Mu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Daifu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Sweetpotato, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuanlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.
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Mo ZZ, Lin ZX, Su ZR, Zheng L, Li HL, Xie JH, Xian YF, Yi TG, Huang SQ, Chen JP. Angelica sinensis Supercritical Fluid CO 2 Extract Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Liver and Kidney Impairment in Mice by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. J Med Food 2018; 21:887-898. [PMID: 30109956 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Angelica sinensis (AS, Danggui in Chinese) is an important herbal component of various traditional formulae for the management of asthenia and its tonic effects. Although AS has been shown to ameliorate cognitive damage and nerve toxicity in D-galactose (D-gal)-elicited senescent mice brain, its effects on liver and kidney injury have not yet been explored. In this work, mice were subjected to hypodermic injection with D-gal (200 mg/kg) and orally gavaged with AS (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg) once a day for 8 successive weeks. Results revealed that AS significantly improved liver and kidney function as assessed by organ index and functional parameters. In addition, AS pretreatment effectively ameliorated the histological deterioration. AS attenuated the MDA level and markedly enhanced the activities and gene expressions of antioxidative enzymes, namely Cu, Zn-SOD, CAT, and GPx. Furthermore, AS markedly inhibited the D-gal-mediated increment of expressions of inflammatory cytokines iNOS, COX-2, IκBα, p-IκBα, and p65 and promoted the IκBα expression level in both hepatic and renal tissues. In sum, AS pretreatment could effectively guard the liver and kidney of mice from D-gal-induced injury, and the underlying mechanism was deemed to be intimately related to attenuating oxidative response and inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhun Mo
- 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China .,2 School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- 2 School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Chinese Medicinals Development and Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China .,3 Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Dongguan, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- 4 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui-Lin Li
- 4 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- 5 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- 2 School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tie-Gang Yi
- 4 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen, China
| | - Shui-Qing Huang
- 6 School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- 4 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Shenzhen, China
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Chen Y, Yin M, Cao X, Hu G, Xiao M. Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Effects of High Cholesterol Diet on Aged Brain. Aging Dis 2018; 9:374-390. [PMID: 29896426 PMCID: PMC5988593 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Both hypercholesterolemia and aging are related to cognitive decline or Alzheimer's disease. However, their interactive influence on the neurodegenerative progress remains unclear. To address this issue, 6-month-old and 16-month-old female mice were fed a 3% cholesterol diet for 8 weeks, followed by hippocampus-related functional, pathological, biochemical and molecular analyses. The high cholesterol diet did not exacerbate age-dependent cognitive decline and hippocampal neuronal death, and even greatly mitigated decreases of synaptophysin and growth associated protein 43 expression in the hippocampus of aged mice. Compared with young controls, aged mice fed normal diet showed mild activation of hippocampal microglia with increased expression of CD68, a marker of the microglial M1 phenotype, and decreased expression of CD206, a marker of the microglial M2 phenotype. More interestingly, the high cholesterol diet not only improved NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β expression, but also increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-6 in the hippocampus of old mice, suggesting playing pro- and anti-neuroinflammatory effects. In addition, the cholesterol rich diet resulted in a defect of the blood-brain barrier of aged hippocampus, as revealed by increased brain albumin content. These results have revealed both harmful and protective effects of high cholesterol diet on aged brain, which helps us to understand that hypercholesterolemia in the aged population is not associated with dementia and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengmei Yin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuejin Cao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Xiao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Wang C, Li Z, Liu X, Zhang J, Lu J, Wang D. Pharmacological Basis for the Use of Evodiamine in Alzheimer's Disease: Antioxidation and Antiapoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051527. [PMID: 29883380 PMCID: PMC5983845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Evodiamine (Evo), a major alkaloid compound isolated from the dry unripened fruit of Evodia fructus, has a wide range of pharmacological activities. The present study sought to explore the neuroprotective effects of Evo in l-glutamate (l-Glu)-induced apoptosis of HT22 cells, and in a d-galactose and aluminum trichloride-developed Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model. Evo significantly enhanced cell viability, inhibited the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, ameliorated mitochondrial function, increased the B-cell lymphoma-2 protein content, and inhibited the high expression levels of Bax, Bad, and cleaved-caspase-3 and -8 in l-Glu-induced HT22 cells. Evo also enhanced the phosphorylation activities of protein kinase B and the mammalian target of rapamycin in the l-Glu-induced HT22 cells. In the AD mouse model, Evo reduced the aimless and chaotic movements, reduced the time spent in the central area in the open field test, and decreased the escape latency time in the Morris water maze test. Evo reduced the deposition of amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) in the brain, and increased the serum level of Aβ42, but showed no significant effects on Aβ40. In addition, six weeks of Evo administration significantly suppressed oxidative stress by modulating the related enzyme levels. In the central cholinergic system of AD mice, Evo significantly increased the serum levels of acetylcholine and choline acetyltransferase and decreased the level of acetylcholinesterase in the serum, hypothalamus, and brain. Our results provide experimental evidence that Evo can serve as a neuroprotective candidate for the prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Chunyue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130006, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Changchun Shengjinnuo Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Jiahui Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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Jing YH, Yan JL, Wang QJ, Chen HC, Ma XZ, Yin J, Gao LP. Spermidine ameliorates the neuronal aging by improving the mitochondrial function in vitro. Exp Gerontol 2018; 108:77-86. [PMID: 29649571 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial structure and function are the initial factors of cell aging. Spermidine has an antiaging effect, but its effect on neuronal aging and mitochondrial mechanisms is unclear. In this study, mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cells were treated with d‑galactose (d‑Gal) to establish cell aging to investigate the antiaging effect and mechanisms of spermidine. Changes in the cell cycle and β-galactosidase activity were analyzed to evaluate the extent of cell aging. Stabilities of mitochondrial mRNA and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were evaluated in the process of cell aging under different treatments. The mitochondrial function was also evaluated using the Seahorse Metabolic Analysis System combined with ATP production. The unfolded protein response (UPR) of the N2a cells was analyzed under different treatments. Results showed that spermidine pretreatment could delay the cell aging and could maintain the mitochondrial stability during d‑Gal treatment. Spermidine increased the proportion of cells in the S phase and maintained the MMP. The oxygen utilization and ATP production in the N2a cells were reduced by d‑Gal treatment but were partially rescued by the spermidine pretreatment. Spermidine ameliorated the N2a cell aging by promoting the autophagy and inhibiting the apoptosis except the UPR. These results showed that spermidine could ameliorate the N2a cell aging by maintaining the mitochondrial mRNA transcription, MMP and oxygen utilization during the d‑Gal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Jing
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Ji-Long Yan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Qing-Jun Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Chao Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Zhu Ma
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 199 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province 730000, PR China.
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d-galactose induces premature senescence of lens epithelial cells by disturbing autophagy flux and mitochondrial functions. Toxicol Lett 2018; 289:99-106. [PMID: 29426000 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness with an estimated 16 million people affected worldwide. d-galactose (d-gal) is a reducing sugar that widely distributed in foodstuffs, and studies show that d-gal could promote cataract formation by damaging nature lens epithelial cells (LECs). However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In our present study, d-gal resulted in premature senescence of LECs, which was confirmed by determining the β-galactosidase activity, cell proliferative potential and cell cycle distribution, though apoptosis of LECs was not observed. We also verified that d-gal induced the impairment of autophagy flux by measuring the expression of LC3II and P62. Meanwhile, we found that d-gal induced mitochondrial dysfunctions of LECs through increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), reducing ATP synthesis and mitochondrial potential (MMP), enhancing the concentration of cytoplasm Ca2+ and permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Metformin, as a potential anti-aging agent, suppressed the senescence of LECs by restoring autophagy flux and mitochondria functions. Nevertheless, the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) scavenged ROS significantly but was not efficient in preventing LECs from premature senescence. Our data suggests that restoring autophagy activity and improving mitochondrial functions may be a potential strategy for the prevention of LECs senescence-related cataract.
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Chen GT, Lu Y, Yang M, Li JL, Fan BY. Medicinal uses, pharmacology, and phytochemistry of Convolvulaceae plants with central nervous system efficacies: A systematic review. Phytother Res 2018; 32:823-864. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Tong Chen
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
| | - Yun Lu
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
| | - Jian-Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
| | - Bo-Yi Fan
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
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Bai K, Hong B, Hong Z, Sun J, Wang C. Selenium nanoparticles-loaded chitosan/citrate complex and its protection against oxidative stress in D-galactose-induced aging mice. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:92. [PMID: 29262862 PMCID: PMC5738782 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) is an indispensable trace element required for animals and humans, and extra Se-supplement is necessary, especially for those having Se deficiency. Recently, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), as a special form of Se supplement, have attracted worldwide attention due to their distinguished properties and excellent bioactivities. In this present study, an eco-friendly and economic way to prepare stable SeNPs was introduced. SeNPs were synthesized in the presence of chitosan (CTS) and then embedded into chitosan/citrate gel, generating selenium nanoparticles-loaded chitosan/citrate complex (SeNPs-C/C). Additionally, the clinical potential of SeNPs-C/C was evaluated by using D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging mice model. RESULTS SeNPs in high uniform with an average diameter of around 50 nm were synthesized in the presence of chitosan, and reversible ionic gelation between chitosan and citrate was utilized to load SeNPs. Subsphaeroidal SeNPs-C/C microspheres of 1-30 μm were obtained by spay-drying. Single SeNPs were physically separated and embedded inside SeNPs-C/C microparticles, with excellent stability and acceptable release. Acute fetal test showed SeNPs-C/C was safer than selenite, with a median lethal dose (LD50) of approximately 4-fold to 11-fold of that of selenite. Oral administration of SeNPs-C/C remarkably retarded the oxidative stress of D-gal in Kunming mice by enhancing the activity of antioxidase, as evidenced by its significant protection of the growth, liver, Se retention and antioxidant bio-markers of mice against D-gal. CONCLUSIONS The design of SeNPs-C/C opens a new path for oral delivery of SeNPs with excellent stability, energy-conservation and environment-friendliness. SeNPs-C/C, as a novel supplement of Se, could be further developed to defend the aging process induced by D-gal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Bai
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China. .,Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Resource Comprehensive Utilization, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bihong Hong
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Resource Comprehensive Utilization, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuan Hong
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Resource Comprehensive Utilization, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jipeng Sun
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Resource Comprehensive Utilization, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Changsen Wang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Liu B, Chen X, Zhang N, Li G, Zhang LH, Tan LY. Naringenin Ameliorates Behavioral Dysfunction and Neurological Deficits in a d-Galactose-Induced Aging Mouse Model Through Activation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway. Rejuvenation Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jing Hong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Guang Li
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jing Hong, China
| | - Li-Hong Zhang
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Li-Yan Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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Milk Intake at Midlife and Cognitive Decline over 20 Years. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101134. [PMID: 29039795 PMCID: PMC5691750 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Faster rates of cognitive decline are likely to result in earlier onset of cognitive impairment and dementia. d-galactose, a derivative of lactose, is used in animal studies to induce neurodegeneration. Milk is the primary source of lactose in the human diet, and its effects on cognitive decline have not been fully evaluated. Objective: Assess the association of milk intake with change in cognitive function over 20 years. Methods: A total of 13,751 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort completed a food frequency questionnaire and three neurocognitive evaluations from 1990 through 2013. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to determine lactase persistence (LCT-13910 C/T for Whites and LCT-14010 G/C for Blacks). Mixed-effects models were used to study the association of milk intake with cognitive change. Multiple imputations by chained equations were used to account for attrition. Results: Milk intake greater than 1 glass/day was associated with greater decline in the global z-score over a 20-year period. The difference in decline was 0.10 (95% CI: 0.16, 0.03) z-scores, or an additional 10% decline, relative to the group reporting “almost never” consuming milk. Conclusions: Replication of these results is warranted in diverse populations with greater milk intake and higher variability of lactase persistence genotype.
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Chowdhury AA, Gawali NB, Bulani VD, Kothavade PS, Mestry SN, Deshpande PS, Juvekar AR. In vitro antiglycating effect and in vivo neuroprotective activity of Trigonelline in d-galactose induced cognitive impairment. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 70:372-377. [PMID: 29477946 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and cognitive impairment. Literature cites the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in AD due to increased cytotoxicity via oxidative stress. d-galactose (d-gal) induced amnesia stimulates Aβ overproduction via increased oxidative stress and AGEs. Trigonelline (TRG), a naturally occurring alkaloid has been reported to have neuroprotective and antidiabetic properties. METHODS Present study assessed the protective effect of TRG against in vitro AGEs formation. Since chronic administration of d-gal increases AGEs, we subsequently investigated the neuroprotective role of TRG (50 and 100 mg/kg as per body weight) against d-gal induced amnesia. Mice were subcutaneously (sc) injected with d-gal (150 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Behavioral assessments in Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze were performed, followed by biochemical estimations to deduce the probable mechanism of action. RESULTS In vitro experiments demonstrated that TRG stalled early and late AGEs formation. Chronic d-gal administration significantly impaired cognitive performance in MWM and Y maze, caused marked oxidative damage, elevated the AGEs levels and significantly increased the acetylcholinesterase levels as compared to sham group. TRG (50 and 100 mg/kg) treatment significantly ameliorated cognitive performance, reversed the oxidative damage, decreased AGE levels and caused significant decline in acetylcholine esterase levels as compared to d-gal group. CONCLUSION Present study highlights the neuroprotective role of TRG against d-gal induced amnesia due to the antioxidant, antiglycative and anticholinesterase properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita A Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (DPST), Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Nitin B Gawali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (DPST), Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Vipin D Bulani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (DPST), Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Pankaj S Kothavade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (DPST), Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Snehal N Mestry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (DPST), Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Padmini S Deshpande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (DPST), Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Archana R Juvekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (DPST), Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), N. P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India.
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Kim MJ, Rehman SU, Amin FU, Kim MO. Enhanced neuroprotection of anthocyanin-loaded PEG-gold nanoparticles against Aβ 1-42-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration via the NF- KB /JNK/GSK3β signaling pathway. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:2533-2544. [PMID: 28736294 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ1-42) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the main hallmarks considered to be associated with neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery approaches have been found to be a useful tool in the neurotherapeutics field. Therefore, we examined and compared the neuroprotective effect of anthocyanins alone and anthocyanin-loaded poly (ethylene glycol)-gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs) in Aβ1-42-injected mouse and in vitro models of AD. We determined that anthocyanins alone or conjugated with PEG-AuNPs (AnPEG-AuNPs) reduced Aβ1-42-induced neuroinflammatory and neuroapoptotic markers via inhibiting the p-JNK/NF-κB/p-GSK3β pathway in both in vivo and in vitro AD models. However, anthocyanins loaded with PEG-AuNPs were more effective compared to anthocyanins alone. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PEG-coated gold anthocyanins nanoparticles could be a new therapeutic agent in the field of nanomedicine to prevent neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ju Kim
- Department of Biology and Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Biology and Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Faiz Ul Amin
- Department of Biology and Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Department of Biology and Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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Xu J, Li Y, Regenstein J, Su X. In vitro and in vivo anti-oxidation and anti-fatigue effect of monkfish liver hydrolysate. FOOD BIOSCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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50
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Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is among the major food crops in the world and is cultivated in all tropical and subtropical regions particularly in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. Asia and Africa regions account for 95% of the world's production. Among the root and tuber crops grown in the world, sweet potato ranks second after cassava. In previous decades, sweet potato represented food and feed security, now it offers income generation possibilities, through bioprocessing products. Bioprocessing of sweet potato offers novel opportunities to commercialize this crop by developing a number of functional foods and beverages such as sour starch, lacto-pickle, lacto-juice, soy sauce, acidophilus milk, sweet potato curd and yogurt, and alcoholic drinks through either solid state or submerged fermentation. Sweet potato tops, especially leaves are preserved as hay or silage. Sweet potato flour and bagassae are used as substrates for production of microbial protein, enzymes, organic acids, monosodium glutamate, chitosan, etc. Additionally, sweet potato is a promising candidate for production of bioethanol. This review deals with the development of various products from sweet potato by application of bioprocessing technology. To the best of our knowledge, there is no review paper on the potential impacts of the sweet potato bioprocessing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aly Farag El Sheikha
- a Department of Biology , McMaster University , Hamilton Ontario , Canada.,b Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Technology , Minufiya University, Minufiya Government , Egypt.,c Regional Centre, Central Tuber Crops Research Institute , Bhubaneswar , India
| | - Ramesh C Ray
- c Regional Centre, Central Tuber Crops Research Institute , Bhubaneswar , India
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