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Julio T, Fenerich BA, Halpern G, Carrera-Bastos P, Schor E, Kopelman A. The effects of oral nutritional supplements on endometriosis-related pain: A narrative review of clinical studies. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2024; 53:102830. [PMID: 39067786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2024.102830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a condition that can cause significant pain and discomfort for women, and the clinical and surgical treatments available have variable efficacy and can have adverse effects. These drawbacks often lead to poor adherence and therapeutic failure. Consequently, there has been increasing interest in the use of nutritional supplements as an adjuvant therapy for endometriosis. To facilitate clinical decision-making in managing women with endometriosis, a narrative review of clinical studies was conducted to investigate the effects of oral nutritional supplements on endometriosis-related pain. A literature search of the English-language PubMed/MEDLINE database was performed using appropriate keywords to identify clinical studies involving oral nutritional supplements and reporting on endometriosis-related pain. This narrative review included 20 studies published between 2013 and 2023, comprising 12 randomized controlled trials, six non-comparative trials, and two observational studies. The studies investigated the effects of various nutritional supplements on endometriosis-related pain, including vitamins, fatty acids, probiotics, medicinal plants, and bioactive compounds. A significant decrease in endometriosis-related pain was found in three out of five studies on vitamins, four out of six studies on fatty acids, one study on probiotics, two studies on medicinal plants, and five out of six studies on bioactive compounds. These nutritional supplements exhibited diverse biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antiangiogenic effects, all of which are relevant for managing endometriosis. These findings suggest that oral nutritional supplements could be included as part of a multidisciplinary treatment for endometriosis to decrease pain and enhance overall medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiris Julio
- Division of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gynecology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Alves Fenerich
- Division of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Halpern
- Department of Gynecology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Nutrición (CEAN), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Eduardo Schor
- Department of Gynecology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexander Kopelman
- Department of Gynecology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gong Q, Wang X, Liu Y, Yuan H, Ge Z, Li Y, Huang J, Liu Y, Chen M, Xiao W, Liu R, Shi R, Wang L. Potential Hepatoprotective Effects of Allicin on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis. TOXICS 2024; 12:328. [PMID: 38787107 PMCID: PMC11126064 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The global burden of liver disease is enormous, which highlights the need for effective hepatoprotective agents. It was reported that allicin exhibits protective effects against a range of diseases. In this study, we further evaluated allicin's effect and mechanism in acute hepatic injury. Liver injury in mice was induced by intraperitoneal injection with 1% CCl4 (10 mL/kg/day). When the first dose was given, CCl4 was given immediately after administration of different doses of allicin (40, 20, and 10 mg/kg/day) as well as compound glycyrrhizin (CGI, 80 mg/kg/day), and then different doses of allicin (40, 20, and 10 mg/kg/day) as well as compound glycyrrhizin (CGI, 80 mg/kg/day) were administrated every 12 h. The animals were dissected 24 h after the first administration. The findings demonstrated a significant inhibition of CCl4-induced acute liver injury following allicin treatment. This inhibition was evidenced by notable reductions in serum levels of transaminases, specifically aspartate transaminase, along with mitigated histological damage to the liver. In this protective process, allicin plays the role of reducing the amounts or the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6. Furthermore, allicin recovered the activities of the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) and reduced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) in a dose-dependent manner, and also reduced liver Caspase 3, Caspase 8, and BAX to inhibit liver cell apoptosis. Further analysis showed that the administration of allicin inhibited the increased protein levels of Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which is related to inflammation and oxidative stress. The in vitro study of the LPS-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory cell model confirmed that allicin can inhibit important inflammation-related factors and alleviate inflammation. This research firstly clarified that allicin has a significant protective effect on CCl4-induced liver injury via inhibiting the inflammatory response and hepatocyte apoptosis, alleviating oxidative stress associated with the progress of liver damage, highlighting the potential of allicin as a hepatoprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianmei Gong
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yongshi Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Heling Yuan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zifeng Ge
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuzhou Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinhu Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yufan Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ming Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Ruiting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Rongmei Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Liping Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Garcia AR, Amorim MMB, Amaral ACF, da Cruz JD, Vermelho AB, Nico D, Rodrigues IA. Anti- Leishmania amazonensis Activity, Cytotoxic Features, and Chemical Profile of Allium sativum (Garlic) Essential Oil. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:375. [PMID: 37505671 PMCID: PMC10384145 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tegumentary leishmaniasis (HTL) is a serious tropical disease caused by Leishmania amazonensis. Developing new leishmanicidal agents can help overcome current treatment challenges, such as drug resistance and toxicity. Essential oils are a source of lipophilic substances with diverse therapeutic properties. This study aimed to determine the anti-L. amazonensis activity, cytotoxicity, and chemical profile of Allium sativum essential oil (ASEO). The effect of ASEO on parasite and mammalian cells viability was evaluated using resazurin and MTT assays, respectively. The oil's effect against intracellular amastigotes was also determined. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess the ultrastructural changes induced by ASEO. In addition, the chemical constituents of ASEO were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The cytotoxic potential was evaluated in vitro and in silico. The oil displayed IC50 of 1.76, 3.46, and 3.77 µg/mL against promastigotes, axenic, and intracellular amastigotes, respectively. Photomicrographs of treated parasites showed plasma membrane disruption, increased lipid bodies, and autophagic-like structures. ASEO chemical profiling revealed 1,2,4,6-tetrathiepane (24.84%) and diallyl disulfide (16.75%) as major components. Computational pharmacokinetics and toxicological analysis of ASEO's major components demonstrated good oral bioavailability and better toxicological endpoints than the reference drugs. Altogether, the results suggest that ASEO could be an alternative drug candidate against HTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreza R Garcia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mariana M B Amorim
- Instituto Municipal de Vigilância Sanitária, Vigilância de Zoonoses e de Inspeção Agropecuária, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia F Amaral
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Farmanguinhos Fiocruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, Brazil
| | - Jefferson D da Cruz
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Farmanguinhos Fiocruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, Brazil
| | - Alane B Vermelho
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Dirlei Nico
- Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Igor A Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
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Effect of Antioxidant Supplementation on Endometriosis-Related Pain: A Systematic Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:753-764. [PMID: 35948825 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00432-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This study was conducted to determine the effects of antioxidant supplementation on endometriosis-related chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. METHODS PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases and the Google Scholar search engine were searched from early 2012 to 2022 using appropriate keywords for clinical trials receiving antioxidant supplements and reporting endometriosis-related pelvic pain (PROSPERO registration number CRD42022318924). The qualities of the included studies were evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Checklists Critical Appraisal Tools and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) quality assessment tool for before-after (Pre-Post) study with no control group. This systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. RESULTS In this systematic review, 8 studies (5 RCTs and 3 non-comparative trials) published in 2012-2022 were included. CONCLUSIONS The studies we included showed promising results in the use of antioxidants in endometriosis-related pain. However, many scientific studies are needed for clear statements.
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Trummer M, Galardon E, Mayer B, Steiner G, Stamm T, Kloesch B. Polysulfides derived from the hydrogen sulfide and persulfide donor P* inhibit IL-1β-mediated inducible nitric oxide synthase signaling in ATDC5 cells: are CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins β and δ involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen sulfide and polysulfides? Nitric Oxide 2022; 129:41-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Biological Functions of Diallyl Disulfide, a Garlic-Derived Natural Organic Sulfur Compound. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5103626. [PMID: 34745287 PMCID: PMC8570849 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5103626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is widely accepted as a functional food and an excellent source of pharmacologically active ingredients. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a major bioactive component of garlic, has several beneficial biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, and anticancer activities. This review systematically evaluated the biological functions of DADS and discussed the underlying molecular mechanisms of these functions. We hope that this review provides guidance and insight into the current literature and enables future research and the development of DADS for intervention and treatment of multiple diseases.
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Bastaki SMA, Ojha S, Kalasz H, Adeghate E. Chemical constituents and medicinal properties of Allium species. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:4301-4321. [PMID: 34420186 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Allium species, belonging to Alliaceae family, are among the oldest cultivated vegetables used as food. Garlic, onions, leeks and chives, which belong to this family, have been reported to have medicinal properties. The Allium species constituents have been shown to have antibacterial and antioxidant activities, and, in addition, other biological properties. These activities are related to their rich organosulfur compounds. These organosulfur compounds are believed to prevent the development of cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, diabetes, liver diseases as well as allergy and arthritis. There have also been reports on toxicities of these compounds. The major active compounds of Allium species includes, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, diallyl sulfide, dipropyl disulfide, dipropyl trisulfide, 1-propenylpropyl disulfide, allyl methyl disulfide and dimethyl disulfide. The aim of this review is to focus on a variety of experimental and clinical reports on the effectiveness, toxicities and possible mechanisms of actions of the active compounds of garlic, onions, leek and chives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim M A Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Huba Kalasz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1445 Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, UAE
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Sharma AK, Kaur A, Kaur J, Kaur G, Chawla A, Khanna M, Kaur H, Kaur H, Kaur T, Singh AP. Ameliorative Role of Diallyl Disulfide Against Glycerol-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2021; 13:129-135. [PMID: 34084059 PMCID: PMC8142911 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_177_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study investigated the role of diallyl disulfide (DADS) against glycerol-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Moreover, the role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in DADS-mediated renoprotection has been explored. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were challenged with glycerol (50% w/v, 8 mL/kg intramuscular) to induce nephrotoxicity. Kidney injury was quantified by measuring serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, urea, potassium, fractional excretion of sodium, and microproteinuria in rats. Renal oxidative stress was measured in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide anion generation, and reduced glutathione levels. Hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and periodic acid Schiff staining of renal samples was done to show histological changes. Glycerol-induced muscle damage was quantified by assaying creatine kinase (CK) levels in rat serum. Results: Administration of glycerol resulted in muscle damage as reflected by significant rise in CK levels in rats. Glycerol intoxication led kidney damage was reflected by significant change in renal biochemical parameters, renal oxidative stress and histological changes in rat kidneys. Administration of DADS attenuated glycerol-induced renal damage. Notably, pretreatment with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, a PPAR-γ antagonist, abolished DADS renoprotection in rats. Conclusion: We conclude that DADS affords protection against glycerol-induced renal damage in rats. Moreover, PPAR-γ plays a key role in DADS-mediated renoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Anmoldeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Japneet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Apporva Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Mannan Khanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Harmanpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Harnoor Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Tajpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Amrit Pal Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Hitchcock JK, Mkwanazi N, Barnett C, Graham LM, Katz AA, Hunter R, Schäfer G, Kaschula CH. The Garlic Compound Z-Ajoene, S-Thiolates COX2 and STAT3 and Dampens the Inflammatory Response in RAW264.7 Macrophages. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 65:e2000854. [PMID: 33274836 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used for centuries as a prophylactic and therapeutic medicinal agent to control inflammation-associated pathologies. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, an in vitro inflammatory model is established using RAW264.7 murine macrophages exposed to low-doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence of garlic compounds allicin and Z-ajoene (ZA), mimicking regular garlic consumption. METHODS AND RESULTS Both allicin and Z-ajoene dampen both transcript and protein expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1β, IL6, and IL12β, and upregulate the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10. Protein arrays of selected secreted inflammatory mediators confirm that Z-ajoene has a pronounced down-regulatory effect on LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Many of these proteins are known targets of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); and indeed, Z-ajoene or its analogue dansyl-ajoene is found to decrease phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3, and to covalently modify the protein by S-thiolation at Cys108, Cys367, and Cys687. Z-Ajoene dose-dependently and non-competitively inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), possibly attributed to S-thiolation at Cys9 and Cys299. CONCLUSION The characterization of Z-ajoene's activity of targeting and covalently modifying STAT3 and COX2, both important regulators of inflammation, may contribute to the health benefits of regular dietary garlic consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Hitchcock
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Nonkululeko Mkwanazi
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Christopher Barnett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Lisa M Graham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Arieh A Katz
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Roger Hunter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Georgia Schäfer
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Catherine H Kaschula
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
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Elbaz EM, Amin HAA, Kamel AS, Ibrahim SM, Helmy HS. Immunomodulatory effect of diallyl sulfide on experimentally-induced benign prostate hyperplasia via the suppression of CD4+T/IL-17 and TGF-β1/ERK pathways. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:1407-1420. [PMID: 32785828 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate common in older men. Diallyl sulfide (DAS), a major component of garlic, has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects. However, the underlying protective immunomodulatory mechanism of DAS on BPH remains vague. Herein, experimental BPH was induced in rats by daily subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate (TP) (3 mg/kg, s.c.) for 4 weeks. In parallel, finasteride (Fin) (5 mg/kg, p.o) or DAS (50 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered orally during BPH induction. TP-induced histological alterations and the immune-inflammatory cascade. On the other hand, DAS or Fin administration alleviated all abnormalities induced testosterone. Fin and DAS administration markedly reduced prostate weight by 53% with Fin, and by 60% with DAS. Moreover, serum testosterone and DHT were reduced by 55% and 52%, respectively, with Fin and by 68% and 75%, respectively, with DAS, in concordance with decreased protein expression of androgen receptor (AR), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Furthermore, both regime lessen immune-inflammatory milieu, as evidenced by decrease CD4+ T-cells protein expression and associated inflammatory cytokines. Concomitantly, Fin and DAS exhibited marked mitigation in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signaling. Besides alleviating oxidative stress by 53% and 68% in prostatic MDA and by 27% and 7% in prostatic iNOS with Fin and DAS, respectively. In conclusion, this work highlighted a potential therapeutic approach of DAS as a dietary preventive agent against BPH via its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect along with suppression of the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Elbaz
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Hebat Allah A Amin
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Sherehan M Ibrahim
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hebatullah S Helmy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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11
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Ruhee RT, Roberts LA, Ma S, Suzuki K. Organosulfur Compounds: A Review of Their Anti-inflammatory Effects in Human Health. Front Nutr 2020; 7:64. [PMID: 32582751 PMCID: PMC7280442 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytonutrients are widely recognized for providing protective human health benefits. Among the phytonutrients, epidemiological and experimental studies show that dietary organosulfur compounds (OSC) play a significant role in preventing various human pathological progressions, including chronic inflammation, by decreasing inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)E2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-17, which are all typical hallmarks of inflammation. Evidence supports OSC in reducing the expression of these markers, thereby attenuating chronic inflammatory processes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a key regulating factor during inflammation, and novel evidence shows that OSC downregulates this transcriptional factor, thus contributing to the anti-inflammatory response. In vitro and in vivo studies show that inflammation is mechanistically linked with acute and chronic pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes, obesity, neural dysfunction, etc. Furthermore, a considerable number of experiments have demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory properties of OSC occur in a dose-dependent manner. These experiments also highlight indirect mechanisms as well as potent co-functions for protective roles as antioxidants, and in providing chemoprotection and neuroprotection. In this brief review, we provided an overview of the anti-inflammatory effects of OSC and elucidated probable mechanisms that are associated with inflammation and chronic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Llion Arwyn Roberts
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sihui Ma
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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12
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Patanapongpibul M, Chen QH. Immune Modulation of Asian Folk Herbal Medicines and Related Chemical Components for Cancer Management. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3042-3067. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170705112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Various exciting immunotherapies aiming to address immune deficiency induced
by tumor and treatment hold promise in improving the quality of life and survival
rate of cancer patients. It is thus becoming an important and rewarding arena to develop
some appropriate immune modulators for cancer prevention and/or treatment. Exploitation
of natural products-based immune modulators is of particular imperative because the
potential of numerous traditional herbal medicines and edible mushrooms in boosting
human immune system has long been verified by folklore practices. This review summarizes
the immune modulations of various herbal medicines and edible mushrooms, their
crude extracts, and/or key chemical components that have been, at least partly, associated
with their cancer management. This article also tabulates the origin of species, key
chemical components, and clinical studies of these herbal medicines and edible mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manee Patanapongpibul
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, United States
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, United States
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13
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Schepetkin IA, Kirpotina LN, Khlebnikov AI, Balasubramanian N, Quinn MT. Neutrophil Immunomodulatory Activity of Natural Organosulfur Compounds. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091809. [PMID: 31083328 PMCID: PMC6539273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organosulfur compounds are bioactive components of garlic essential oil (EO), mustard oil, Ferula EOs, asafoetida, and other plant and food extracts. Traditionally, garlic (Allium sativum) is used to boost the immune system; however, the mechanisms involved in the putative immunomodulatory effects of garlic are unknown. We investigated the effects of garlic EO and 22 organosulfur compounds on human neutrophil responses. Garlic EO, allyl propyl disulfide, dipropyl disulfide, diallyl disulfide, and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) directly activated Ca2+ flux in neutrophils, with the most potent being AITC. Although 1,3-dithiane did not activate neutrophil Ca2+ flux, this minor constituent of garlic EO stimulated neutrophil reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In contrast, a close analog (1,4-dithiane) was unable to activate neutrophil ROS production. Although 1,3-dithiane-1-oxide also stimulated neutrophil ROS production, only traces of this oxidation product were generated after a 5 h treatment of HL60 cells with 1,3-dithiane. Evaluation of several phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitors with different subtype specificities (A-66, TGX 221, AS605240, and PI 3065) showed that the PI3K p110δ inhibitor PI 3065 was the most potent inhibitor of 1,3-dithiane-induced neutrophil ROS production. Furthermore, 1,3-dithiane enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), glycogen synthase kinase 3 α/β (GSK-3α/β), and cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein in differentiated neutrophil-like HL60 cells. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed the reactivity of 1,3-dithiane vs. 1,4-dithiane, based on the frontier molecular orbital analysis. Our results demonstrate that certain organosulfur compounds can activate neutrophil functional activity and may serve as biological response modifiers by augmenting phagocyte functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Andrei I Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | | | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
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14
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Somade OT, Adedokun AH, Adeleke IK, Taiwo MA, Oyeniran MO. Diallyl disulfide, a garlic-rich compound ameliorates trichloromethane-induced renal oxidative stress, NFkB activation and apoptosis in rats. CLINICAL NUTRITION EXPERIMENTAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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15
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Haji Mohammadi K, Heidarpour M, Borji H. In vivo therapeutic efficacy of the Allium sativum ME in experimentally Echinococcus granulosus infected mice. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 60:23-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Rose P, Moore PK, Zhu YZ. Garlic and Gaseous Mediators. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:624-634. [PMID: 29706261 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) and allied plant species are rich sources of sulfur compounds. Major roles for garlic and its sulfur constituents include the regulation of vascular homeostasis and the control of metabolic systems linked to nutrient metabolism. Recent studies have indicated that some of these sulfur compounds, such as diallyl trisulfide (DATS), alter the levels of gaseous signalling molecules including nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and perhaps carbon monoxide (CO) in mammalian tissues. These gases are important in cellular processes associated with the cardiovascular system, inflammation, and neurological functions. Importantly, these studies build on the known biological effects of garlic and associated sulfur constituents. This review highlights our current understanding of the health benefits attributed to edible plants like garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Rose
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
| | - Philip Keith Moore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Yi-Zhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau
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17
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Haji Mohammadi KH, Heidarpour M, Borji H. Allium Sativum Methanolic Extract (garlic) Improves Therapeutic Efficacy of Albendazole Against Hydatid Cyst: In Vivo Study. J INVEST SURG 2018; 32:723-730. [PMID: 29693456 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2018.1459967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
After gas chromatography and mass spectrometry of prepared methanolic extract of Allium sativum, 40 laboratory BALB/c mice were infected intraperitoneally by injection of 1,500 viable protoscoleces. Five months after infection, the infected mice were allocated into four treatment groups, including 1- Albendazole (100 mg/kg); 2- Allium sativum methanolic extract (10 mL/L); 3- A. sativum methanolic extract (10 mL/L) + Albendazole (50 mg /kg); and 4- untreated control group. After 30 days of daily treatment, total number and weight of cysts and size of the largest cyst as well as blood serum bilirubin and liver enzymes were compared between the mice of different groups.The total number and weight of cysts and size of the largest cyst were significantly lower in treated groups A. sativum 10 mL/L + Albendazole 50 and Albendazole 100 in comparison to those of the control group (p < 0.05).The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme and bilirubin concentration were significantly lower in the mice treated with A. sativum 10 mL/L and A. sativum 10 mL/L + Albendazole 50, when compared to the control group. In addition, bilirubin concentration revealed significant decrease in A. sativum 10 mL/L and A. sativum 10 mL/L + Albendazole 50 groups, when compared to the Albendazole group. In conclusion, administration of A. sativum 10 mL/L improved the anti-hydatidosis activity of Albendazole 50 mg /kg, due to parasitological effects similar to Albendazole 100 mg /kg but less hepatotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Haji Mohammadi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M Heidarpour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - H Borji
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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18
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Bahrampour Juybari K, Kamarul T, Najafi M, Jafari D, Sharifi AM. Restoring the IL-1β/NF-κB-induced impaired chondrogenesis by diallyl disulfide in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via attenuation of reactive oxygen species and elevation of antioxidant enzymes. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 373:407-419. [PMID: 29582166 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2825-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Strategies based on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for restoring injured articular cartilage are not effective enough in osteoarthritis (OA). Due to the enhanced inflammation and oxidative stress in OA microenvironment, differentiation of MSCs into chondrocytes would be impaired. This study aims to explore the effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on IL-1β-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress in human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) during chondrogenesis. MTT assay was employed to examine the effects of various concentrations of DADS on the viability of hADSCs at different time scales to obtain non-cytotoxic concentration range of DADS. The effects of DADS on IL-1β-induced intracellular ROS generation and lipid peroxidation were evaluated in hADSCs. Western blotting was used to analyze the protein expression levels of IκBα (np), IκBα (p), NF-κB (np) and NF-κB (p). Furthermore, the gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes in hADSCs and chondrogenic markers at days 7, 14 and 21 of differentiation were measured using qRT-PCR. The results showed that addition of DADS significantly enhanced the mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes as well as reduced ROS elevation, lipid peroxidation, IκBα activation and NF-κB nuclear translocation in hADSCs treated with IL-1β. In addition, DADS could significantly increase the expression levels of IL-1β-induced impaired chondrogenic marker genes in differentiated hADSCs. Treatment with DADS may provide an effective approach to prevent the pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress as catabolic causes of chondrocyte cell death and enhance the protective anabolic effects by promoting chondrogenesis associated gene expressions in hADSCs exposed to OA condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Bahrampour Juybari
- Department of Pharmacology and Razi Drug Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- Tissue Engineering Group, (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Jafari
- Bone and Joint reconstruction research center and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Department of Pharmacology and Razi Drug Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Tissue Engineering Group, (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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19
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Kodera Y, Ushijima M, Amano H, Suzuki JI, Matsutomo T. Chemical and Biological Properties of S-1-Propenyl-l-Cysteine in Aged Garlic Extract. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040570. [PMID: 28362335 PMCID: PMC6154623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
S-1-Propenyl-l-cysteine (S1PC) is a stereoisomer of S-1-Propenyl-l-cysteine (SAC), an important sulfur-containing amino acid that plays a role for the beneficial pharmacological effects of aged garlic extract (AGE). The existence of S1PC in garlic preparations has been known since the 1960's. However, there was no report regarding the biological and/or pharmacological activity of S1PC until 2016. Recently, we performed a series of studies to examine the chemical, biological, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of S1PC, and obtained some interesting results. S1PC existed only in trace amounts in raw garlic, but its concentration increased almost up to the level similar of SAC through aging process of AGE. S1PC showed immunomodulatory effects in vitro and in vivo, and reduced blood pressure in a hypertensive animal model. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that S1PC was readily absorbed after oral administration in rats and dogs with bioavailability of 88-100%. Additionally, S1PC had little inhibitory influence on human cytochrome P450 activities, even at a concentration of 1 mM. Based on these findings, S1PC was suggested to be another important, pharmacologically active and safe component of AGE similar to SAC. In this review, we highlight some results from recent studies on S1PC and discuss the potential medicinal value of S1PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihioro Kodera
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyasu Ushijima
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Amano
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan.
| | - Jun-Ichiro Suzuki
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Matsutomo
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan.
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20
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Schäfer G, Kaschula CH. The immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects of garlic organosulfur compounds in cancer chemoprevention. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2014; 14:233-40. [PMID: 24237225 PMCID: PMC3915757 DOI: 10.2174/18715206113136660370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used for centuries as a prophylactic and therapeutic medicinal agent. Importantly, garlic has been suggested to have both cancer-preventive potential as well as significant enhancing effects on the immune system. While these observations are supported experimentally both in vitro and in vivo, the impact of garlic in assisting the immune system in the prevention of cancer still lacks experimental confirmation. Studies addressing the immunomodulatory effects of garlic reveal conflicting data as to pro- or anti-inflammatory responses depending on the particular experimental set-ups and the garlic preparation used (i.e. garlic extract versus chemically pure garlic compounds). Here we provide an overview of the chemistry of the major garlic organosulfur compounds, summarize the current understanding and propose a link between the immunomodulating activity of garlic and the prevention of cancer. We hypothesize that garlic rather elicits anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative responses that aid in priming the organism towards eradication of an emerging tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine H Kaschula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa.
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21
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Fu E, Tsai MC, Chin YT, Tu HP, Fu MM, Chiang CY, Chiu HC. The effects of diallyl sulfide upon Porphyromonas gingivalis
lipopolysaccharide stimulated proinflammatory cytokine expressions and nuclear factor-kappa B activation in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:380-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Fu
- Department of Periodontology; National Defense Medical Center; Research Institute of Dental Sciences; School of Dentistry; Tri-Service General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - M.-C. Tsai
- Department of Periodontology; National Defense Medical Center; Research Institute of Dental Sciences; School of Dentistry; Tri-Service General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Y.-T. Chin
- Department of Periodontology; National Defense Medical Center; Research Institute of Dental Sciences; School of Dentistry; Tri-Service General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Program for Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery; College of Medical Science and Technology; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - H.-P. Tu
- Department of Periodontology; National Defense Medical Center; Research Institute of Dental Sciences; School of Dentistry; Tri-Service General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dental Hygiene; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - M. M. Fu
- Department of Periodontology; National Defense Medical Center; Research Institute of Dental Sciences; School of Dentistry; Tri-Service General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity; Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Boston MA USA
| | - C.-Y. Chiang
- Department of Periodontology; National Defense Medical Center; Research Institute of Dental Sciences; School of Dentistry; Tri-Service General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - H.-C. Chiu
- Department of Periodontology; National Defense Medical Center; Research Institute of Dental Sciences; School of Dentistry; Tri-Service General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
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22
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Lee IC, Baek HS, Kim SH, Moon C, Park SH, Kim SH, Shin IS, Park SC, Kim JC. Effect of diallyl disulfide on acute gastric mucosal damage induced by alcohol in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2014; 34:227-39. [PMID: 24972622 DOI: 10.1177/0960327114537095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the gastroprotective effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS), a secondary organosulfur compound derived from garlic (Allium sativum L.) on experimental model of ethanol (EtOH)-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The antiulcerogenic activity of DADS was evaluated by gross/histopathological inspection, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and lipid peroxidation with antioxidant enzyme activities in the stomach. DADS (100 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage 2 h prior to EtOH treatment (5 ml/kg). The animals were killed 1 h after receiving EtOH treatment. Pretreatment with DADS attenuated EtOH-induced gastric mucosal injury, as evidenced by decreased severity of hemorrhagic lesions and gastric ulcer index upon visual inspection. DADS also prevented histopathological alterations and gastric apoptotic changes caused by EtOH. An increase in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase was observed in the gastric tissues of EtOH-treated rats that coincided with increased serum TNF-α and interleukin 6 levels. In contrast, DADS effectively suppressed production of pro-inflammatory mediators induced by EtOH. Furthermore, DADS prevented the formation of gastric malondialdehyde and the depletion of reduced glutathione content and restored antioxidant enzyme activities, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in the gastric tissues of EtOH-treated rats. These results indicate that DADS prevents gastric mucosal damage induced by acute EtOH administration in rats and that the protective effects of DADS may be due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-C Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Baek
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - C Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - I-S Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - S-C Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J-C Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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23
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Wang Y, Cao R, Wei B, Chai X, Sun D, Guan Y, Liu XM. Diallyl disulfide inhibits proliferation and transdifferentiation of lung fibroblasts through induction of cyclooxygenase and synthesis of prostaglandin E₂. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 393:77-87. [PMID: 24756243 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) are critically involved in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by inducing the proliferation and transdifferentiation of lung fibroblasts. In the present study, we examined the impact of diallyl disulfide (DADS), a garlic-derived compound, on such pathological conditions. DADS showed profound inhibitory effects on the PDGF-BB-induced proliferation of human and mouse lung fibroblasts. DADS also abrogated the TGF-β1-induced expression of α-smooth muscle actin, type I collagen and fibronectin. Following treatment with DADS, the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the synthesis of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) were found to be markedly enhanced, which in turn led to elevated cAMP levels in lung fibroblasts. Notably, the effect of DADS was largely abolished in the presence of either COX inhibitor indomethacin or siRNA-targeting COX-2, or in the absence of the PGE₂ receptor EP2, supporting an essential role for the COX-2-PGE₂-cAMP autocrine loop. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the upregulated expression of COX-2 was a result of increased level of histone 3 acetylation at COX-2 locus in DADS-treated cells. Together, these results suggest that DADS, by inducing COX-2 expression, may have therapeutic potential in treating lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street No. 8, West District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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24
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Yun HM, Ban JO, Park KR, Lee CK, Jeong HS, Han SB, Hong JT. Potential therapeutic effects of functionally active compounds isolated from garlic. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 142:183-95. [PMID: 24333688 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The medicinal properties of functionally active organosulfur compounds such as allin, diallyl disulfide, S-allylmercaptocysteine, and S-trityl-L-cysteine isolated from garlic have received great attention from a large number of investigators who have studied their pharmacological effects for the treatment of various diseases. These organosulfur compounds are able to prevent for development of cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, and liver diseases as well as allergy and arthritis. There have been also many reports on toxicities and pharmacokinetics of these compounds. The aim of this study is to review a variety of experimental and clinical reports, and describe the effectiveness, toxicities and pharmacokinetics, and possible mechanisms of pharmaceutical actions of functionally active compounds isolated from garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Mun Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 48 Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ok Ban
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 48 Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 48 Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Kil Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 48 Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Sang Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 48 Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 48 Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Lee IC, Kim SH, Baek HS, Moon C, Kang SS, Kim SH, Kim YB, Shin IS, Kim JC. The involvement of Nrf2 in the protective effects of diallyl disulfide on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic oxidative damage and inflammatory response in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 63:174-85. [PMID: 24246655 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential effect of diallyl disulfide (DADS) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative hepatic damage and inflammatory response in rat liver. DADS at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg/day was administered orally once daily for 5 days, prior to CCl4 administration. Pretreatment with DADS attenuated CCl4-induced elevated serum transaminase activities and histopathological alterations in liver. It prevented the hepatocellular apoptotic changes with induction of Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), cytochrome c, and caspase-3 caused by CCl4. An increase in the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and phosphorylation of I kappaB alpha (IκBα) was observed in the livers of CCl4-treated rats that coincided with induction of inflammatory mediators or cytokines. In contrast, DADS inhibited NF-κB translocation and IκBα phosphorylation, and that subsequently decreased inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, DADS prevented CCl4-induced depletion of cytosolic nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and suppression of nuclear translocation of Nrf2, which, in turn, up-regulated phase II/antioxidant enzyme activities. Taken together, these results demonstrate that DADS increases the expression of phase II/antioxidant enzymes and simultaneously decreases the expression of inflammatory mediators in CCl4-induced liver injury. These findings indicate that DADS induces antioxidant defense mechanism by activating Nrf2 pathway and reduces inflammatory response by inhibiting NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Chul Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seon Baek
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Soo Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Bae Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Hashizume Y, Shirato K, Sato S, Matsumoto A, Tachiyashiki K, Imaizumi K. Dose-dependent effects of diallyl disulfide on plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels in rats. J Toxicol Sci 2013; 38:879-84. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.38.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hashizume
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Ken Shirato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shogo Sato
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Akiko Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | | | - Kazuhiko Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
- Global COE Doctoral Program of Sport Sciences, Waseda University
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Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Hesabgar HAS, Owlia MB, Hadinedoushan H, Barzegar K, Fllahzadeh MH. The Effect of Garlic Tablet on Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Diet Suppl 2012; 9:262-71. [DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2012.726703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lee SH, Liu YT, Chen KM, Lii CK, Liu CT. Effect of garlic sulfur compounds on neutrophil infiltration and damage to the intestinal mucosa by endotoxin in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:567-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Cherng JM, Tsai KD, Perng DS, Wang JS, Wei CC, Lin JC. Diallyl sulfide protects against ultraviolet B-induced skin cancers in SKH-1 hairless mouse: analysis of early molecular events in carcinogenesis. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2011; 27:138-46. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2011.00582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Dkhil M, Abdel-Baki A, Wunderlich F, Sies H, Al-Quraishy S. Anticoccidial and antiinflammatory activity of garlic in murine Eimeria papillata infections. Vet Parasitol 2011; 175:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xue F, Zhang JJ, Xu LM, Zhang C, Xia Q. Protective effects of HGF-MSP chimer (metron factor-1) on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat model. J Dig Dis 2010; 11:299-305. [PMID: 20883426 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2010.00453.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been reported that metron factor-1 (MF-1), an engineered chimerical factor containing selected functional domains of hepatocyte growth factor and macrophage-stimulating protein (HGF-MSP), could prevent apoptosis and have an anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of MF-1 on liver ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Overall 30 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the I/R model group (n=12), the MF-1 treatment group (n=12), and the sham-operated group (n=6). Liver I/R injury was induced by clamping the blood supply to the left and median lobes of liver by an atraumatic clamp for 90 min, then removing the clamp and allowing reperfusion. Blood samples were obtained on days 1, 2, 3 and 7 to assess liver biochemistry and the histology of liver tissue. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), endothelial nitric oxide synthase and inducible nitric oxide synthase were measured. In addition, the anti-oxidative effect of MF-1 on hepatocytes was assessed in vitro. RESULTS MF-1 treatment improved the rat survival rate significantly (P < 0.05). Liver biochemistry and histological changes were significantly ameliorated. MDA increased and SOD and NO decreased in the liver tissue. In vitro, MF-1 protected the human hepatic cell line HL-7702 from damage of oxidative stress. CONCLUSION MF-1 could protect the liver from I/R injury, which might involve the reduction of oxygen free radicals and the increase of NO synthesis in an injured liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xue
- Organ Transplantation Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.
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Zeng T, Xie KQ. The Differential Modulation on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes by Garlic Components. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2010.496023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Chen WP, Tang JL, Bao JP, Hu PF, Yu C, Shi ZL, Wu LD. Effects of diallyl sulphide in chondrocyte and cartilage in experimental osteoarthritis in rabbit. Phytother Res 2010; 25:351-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hassan HA, Hafez HS, Zeghebar FE. Garlic oil as a modulating agent for oxidative stress and neurotoxicity induced by sodium nitrite in male albino rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1980-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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MA YONGKUN, SONG DANDAN, WANG ZHENGFU, JIANG JIAKUI, JIANG TING, CUI FENGJIE, FAN XIAOBO. EFFECT OF ULTRAHIGH PRESSURE TREATMENT ON VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN GARLIC. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2009.00502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shaarawy SM, Tohamy AA, Elgendy SM, Elmageed ZYA, Bahnasy A, Mohamed MS, Kandil E, Matrougui K. Protective effects of garlic and silymarin on NDEA-induced rats hepatotoxicity. Int J Biol Sci 2009; 5:549-57. [PMID: 19742242 PMCID: PMC2737715 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.5.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background — The present study was conducted to investigate the chemopreventive effects of garlic extract and silymarin on N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Methods and Results — Animals were pretreated with garlic, silymarin or both for one week prior to the injection of NDEA. Then animals received a single injection of NDEA followed by weekly subcutaneous injections of CCl4 for 6 weeks. Oral administration was then continued along with the injection of CCl4 for the duration of the experiment. Serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GSR) were measured. Injection of NDEA induced a significant elevation in serum AST, ALT and ALP. In the liver, NDEA increased oxidative stress through the increase in LPO and decrease in SOD, and GSH-dependent enzymes. Although administration of garlic or silymarin significantly reduced the liver toxicity, combined administration was more effective in preventing the development of hepatotoxicity. Conclusion — These novel findings suggest that silymarin and garlic have a synergistic effect, and could be used as hepatoprotective agents against hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M Shaarawy
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Research Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Lee EK, Chung SW, Kim JY, Kim JM, Heo HS, Lim HA, Kim MK, Anton S, Yokozawa T, Chung HY. Allylmethylsulfide Down-Regulates X-Ray Irradiation-Induced Nuclear Factor-kappaB Signaling in C57/BL6 Mouse Kidney. J Med Food 2009; 12:542-51. [PMID: 19627202 PMCID: PMC6469522 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2008.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2008] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Allylmethylsulfide (AMS), a volatile organosulfur derivative from garlic, has been shown to have radioprotective effects in radiation-challenged cell and animal models, but the mechanism of radioprotection is not well understood. To determine the mechanism of radioprotection in an in vivo model, we first verified the antioxidant capacity of AMS using 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced human embryonic kidney 293T cells by measuring reactive oxygen species generation, reduced glutathione, protein tyrosine kinase/protein tyrosine phosphatase balance, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) protein levels. We then investigated the protective effects of AMS (55 and 275 micromol/kg, intraperitoneal treatment) on 15 Gy X-ray-irradiated mouse kidney. The results showed that AMS decreased the free radical-induced lipid peroxidation in mice exposed to X-rays. Moreover, the antioxidative AMS suppressed the activation of NF-kappaB and its dependent genes such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 through inhibition of IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and activation of IkappaB kinase alpha/beta and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Based on these results, AMS may be a useful radioprotective agent by down-regulating the MAPKs and NF-kappaB signaling pathway that can be induced via X-ray irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woon Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Sam Heo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Longevity Life Science and Technology Institutes, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen Anton
- Department of Aging and Geriatrics, Division of Biology of Aging, Genomics and Biomarkers Core of the Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Takako Yokozawa
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Longevity Life Science and Technology Institutes, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Aging and Geriatrics, Division of Biology of Aging, Genomics and Biomarkers Core of the Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Lee HS, Lee CH, Tsai HC, Salter DM. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 expression by diallyl sulfide on joint inflammation induced by urate crystal and IL-1beta. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009; 17:91-9. [PMID: 18573668 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigation of the effects of diallyl sulfide (DAS), a garlic sulfur compound, on joint tissue inflammatory responses induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). DESIGN The HIG-82 synovial cell line was used to establish the experimental model and DAS regime. Primary cultures of articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts obtained from patients undergoing joint replacement for osteoarthritis were used in experimental studies. Cyclooxygenase (COX) expression following MSU crystal and IL-1beta stimulation with/without DAS co-incubation was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, and immunocytochemistry and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) production was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). DAS effects on COX gene expression in an MSU crystal-induced acute arthritis in rats were assessed by RT-PCR. RESULTS MSU crystals upregulated COX-2 expression in HIG-82 cells and this was inhibited by co-incubation with DAS. DAS inhibited MSU crystal and IL-1beta induced elevation of COX-2 expression in primary synovial cells and chondrocytes. Production of PGE(2) induced by crystals was suppressed by DAS and celecoxib. MSU crystals had no effect on expression of COX-1 in synovial cells. NF-kappaB was activated by MSU crystals and this was blocked by DAS. Increased expression of COX-2 in synovium following intraarticular injection of MSU crystals in a rat model was inhibited by co-administration of DAS. CONCLUSIONS DAS prevents IL-1beta and MSU crystal induced COX-2 upregulation in synovial cells and chondrocytes and ameliorates crystal induced synovitis potentially through a mechanism involving NF-kappaB. Anti-inflammatory actions of DAS may be of value in treatment of joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-S Lee
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Shaik IH, George JM, Thekkumkara TJ, Mehvar R. Protective Effects of Diallyl Sulfide, a Garlic Constituent, on the Warm Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model. Pharm Res 2008; 25:2231-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Mukherjee M, Das AS, Das D, Mukherjee S, Mitra S, Mitra C. Role of peritoneal macrophages and lymphocytes in the development of hypogonadal osteoporosis in an ovariectomized rat model: possible phytoestrogenic efficacy of oil extract of garlic to preserve skeletal health. Phytother Res 2007; 21:1045-54. [PMID: 17600860 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was to examine whether skeletal health deterioration in the hypogonadal situation is a consequence of an alteration in the functional status of peripheral mononuclear cells and its amelioration, if any, by an oil extract of garlic. The results suggest that hypogonadism-induced oxidative stress of peritoneal macrophages and lymphocytes could be reduced by supplementation with an oil extract of garlic. However, estrogen deficiency did not cause any significant change in DNA fragmentation of peritoneal macrophages. The hypogonadism-induced increase in the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were significantly reduced by an oil extract of garlic. Further, such supplementation could revive the hypogonadism-induced decrease in serum estrogen titer and counter-balance the increase in bone turnover as determined by low bone tensile strength and alterations in bone related biochemical variables such as urinary calcium, hydroxyproline, calcium to creatinine ratio and serum tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity (TRAP). The garlic oil supplemented partial recovery of the serum estrogen titer in hypogonadal rats was found to be persistently associated with reduced oxidative stress of peritoneal macrophages and lymphocytes, reduced serum interleukins and better preservation of bone mass. This study proposes that the hypogonadism-induced bone loss has a direct correlation with the functional status of lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages, and garlic can prevent this.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology, Presidency College, Kolkata 700 073, India
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Aquilano K, Filomeni G, Baldelli S, Piccirillo S, De Martino A, Rotilio G, Ciriolo MR. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase protects neuroblastoma cells from oxidative stress mediated by garlic derivatives. J Neurochem 2007; 101:1327-37. [PMID: 17298386 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we further examined the effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS), one of the major components of oil-soluble garlic extracts (GE) and of raw water GE on SH-SY5Y and NSC34 neuronal cell lines. Both treatments with DADS and GE were able to induce growth arrest and apoptosis, and we observed an increased flux of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as early signs of cytotoxicity. We demonstrated that the content of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) increased as early as 1 h of treatment demonstrating to be a very early sensor of DADS and GE cytotoxicity. Treatments with L-nitropropyl-arginine, an inhibitor of nNOS, increased the rate of apoptosis whereas the overexpression of nNOS significantly reduced cell death by inhibiting DNA damage, protein oxidation, and the activation of the JNK/c-Jun apoptotic signaling cascade. Overall these results demonstrate that garlic derivatives may modulate nNOS and suggest an important contribution of nitric oxide in counteracting their reactive oxygen species-mediated cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, Rome, Italy
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. MNTA, . MAA. Hepatoprotective Activity of Allicin Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2006.457.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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