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Zhang H, Liu Y, Gao L, Wang J. Analysis of flavor changes in Huangshan floral mushroom hydrolysates obtained by different enzyme treatments. Food Chem 2024; 443:138554. [PMID: 38306912 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the flavor changes in Huangshan floral mushroom by different enzyme treatments. Seven enzyme groups were used to hydrolyze its protein to obtain protein hydrolysates (FPHs). Flavourzyme composite with dispase hydrolysates (FDHs) were selected for ultrafiltration to obtain peptides (FPs) with different molecular weights (Mw). Changes in flavor were investigated using HPLC, LC-MS, GC-MS, amino acid analysis and sensory evaluation. Color parameters and DPPH-scavenging activity were also determined. The results revealed that flavor characteristics of FPHs obtained from different enzyme treatments varied. FDHs presented the highest degree of hydrolysis (DH) (58.61 ± 1.55) %, rich 5'-nucleotides (8.61 ± 0.43 mg/mL), volatile compounds (28.54 ± 0.11 μg/g) and free amino acids (FAAs) (7.73 ± 0.51 mg/g). Further tests suggested that FPs with small Mw (<1K, 1-3 K) were optimal for the development of novel flavors, thus providing application value for rational utilization of Huangshan floral mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Li Gao
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Junhui Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China.
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Chen S, Guo Q, Zhou T, Liu L. Levels and Health Risk Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic, Methylmercury, and Heavy Metals in Edible Mushrooms Collected from Online Supermarket in China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1802-1815. [PMID: 37526876 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr), total arsenic (As), inorganic arsenic (iAs), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), methylmercury (MeHg), and lead (Pb) were analyzed in in Agaricus blazei, Tricholoma matsutake, Pholiota nameko, agrocybe aegirit, Boletus edulis, Auricularia auricula, and Lentinus edodes collected from online supermarket in China from 2015 to 2017. The order of mean concentrations for the five heavy metals in edible mushrooms was As > Cd > Cr > Pb > Hg. No positive correlation was found between total As and iAs, nor between total Hg and MeHg. The contents of iAs were at a low level except for A. blazei samples. The contents of MeHg were at a low level in all test mushroom samples. And Cr, Cd, and Pb pollution were common problems in the test mushroom samples. The comprehensive factor pollution index was between 0.569 (A. auricula) and 3.056 (B. edulis). The THQ values for the five heavy metals from P. nameko, A. auricula, A. aegirit, and L. edodes samples were less than 1. The hazard index (HI) values of A. blazei, T. matsutake, and B. edulis samples for adults and children were greater than 1, indicating significant health hazard to the adults and children consumers. The cancer risk (CR) values for iAs ranged from 3.82 × 10- 6 (T. matsutake) to 8.61 × 10- 5 (A. blazei), indicating no potential carcinogenic risk to the consumers. The order for carcinogenic risk of each edible mushroom species was A. blazei > L. edodes > P. nameko > A. aegirit > A. auricula > B. edulis > T. matsutake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozhan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Qiaozhen Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Tianhui Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China.
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Téllez-Téllez M, Diaz-Godinez G. Mushrooms and Fungi and Their Biological Compounds with Antidiabetic Activity: A Review. Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:13-24. [PMID: 38780420 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2024052864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Mushrooms have been used by humans for centuries as food and medicine because they have been shown to affect certain diseases. Mushrooms for medicinal purposes have been consumed in the form of extracts and/or biomass of the mycelium or fruiting body. The beneficial health effects of mushrooms are due to their content of bioactive compounds (polysaccharides, proteins, ergosterol, lectins, etc.). On the other hand, diabetes is one of the metabolic diseases that affects the population worldwide, characterized by hyperglycemia that involves a defective metabolism of insulin, a hormone secreted by β cells and that mainly stimulates glucose absorption by the cells. However, it also affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins; poor control of this disease leads to serious damage to eyesight, kidneys, bones, heart, skin, blood vessels, nerves, etc. It has been reported that the consumption of some mushrooms helps control and treat diabetes, since among other actions, they promote the secretion of insulin by the pancreas, help reduce blood glucose and have α-glucosidase inhibitory activity which improves glucose uptake by cells, which are effects that prescription medications have for patients with diabetes. In that sense, this manuscript shows a review of scientific studies that support the abilities of some mushrooms to be used in the control and/or treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Téllez-Téllez
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biological Research Center, Autonomous University of Morelos State, Morelos, Mexico
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Ahmad B, Muhammad Yousafzai A, Khan N, Hussein AM, Kataya A, Studenik CR, Abdel-Maksoud MA. Dose-dependent anti-hyperglycemic & anti-dyslipidemic potential of aqueous leaves extract of Typha elephantina in-vivo and in-vitro. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103868. [PMID: 38020229 PMCID: PMC10663895 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is among the fundamental causes of illness and millions of deaths around the globe are directly attributed to it each year. Current antidiabetic medications often lack sustained glycemic control and carry significant risks of side effects. As a result, the use of plant-based treatments has gained popularity. In this experimental study, we evaluated the aqueous extracts (LQE) of Typha elephantina (also known as Elephant grass) leaves collected from freshwater marshes, for their potential anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic antioxidant effects in healthy streptozotocin caused diabetic-mice. We employed glucose adsorption tests at different glucose levels and glucose diffusion tests to assess the in-vitro antidiabetic action of plant extract. For the in-vivo trail, we measured fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucose tolerance (GTT), as well as long-term anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and antioxidant activities. Our results from the glucose diffusion test indicated that the extract was highly effective at both low glucose concentrations (5 mmol L) and high glucose concentrations (100 mmol L). However, the glucose-diffusion ability reached its peaked at an excessively high dosage of the aqueous extract, suggesting a dose-related effect. Similarly, we observed that high doses of TEL.AQ extracts (400 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced blood glucose levels in healthy mice during the glucose tolerance test (GTT) at 3 h and fasting blood glucose studies (FBG) at 6 h. Furthermore, the high-dose TEL.AQ extract effectively reduced liver-related serum markers and blood-glucose concentration (BGC) in severely chronic diabetic rats. The extract dosage also influenced lipid profile, conjugate and unconjugated bilirubin levels, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and total bilirubin levels. Additionally, after administering a high extract dose, we observed considerable improvement in the liver homogenate markers CAT, POD, and SOD. In contrast, the extract at a low dosage (100 mg/kg), showed minimal, while a moderate dose (200 mg/kg), yielded promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower (188000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ali Muhammad Yousafzai
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nasrullah Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower (188000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed M. Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amr Kataya
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christian R. Studenik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Rauf A, Joshi PB, Ahmad Z, Hemeg HA, Olatunde A, Naz S, Hafeez N, Simal-Gandara J. Edible mushrooms as potential functional foods in amelioration of hypertension. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37157920 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are popular functional foods attributed to their rich nutritional bioactive constituent profile influencing cardiovascular function. Edible mushrooms are omnipresent in various prescribed Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Mediterranean diet, and fortified meal plans as they are rich in amino acids, dietary fiber, proteins, sterols, vitamins, and minerals. However, without an understanding of the influence of mushroom bioactive constituents, mechanism of action on heart and allergenicity, it is difficult to fully comprehend the role of mushrooms as dietary interventions in alleviating hypertension and other cardiovascular malfunctions. To accomplish this endeavor, we chose to review edible mushrooms and their bioactive constituents in ameliorating hypertension. Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases are interrelated and if the former is managed by dietary changes, it is postulated that overall heart health could also be improved. With a concise note on different edible varieties of mushrooms, a particular focus is presented on the antihypertensive potential of mushroom bioactive constituents, mode of action, absorption kinetics and bioavailability. Ergosterol, lovastatin, cordycepin, tocopherols, chitosan, ergothioneine, γ-aminobutyric acid, quercetin, and eritadenine are described as essential bioactives with hypotensive effects. Finally, safety concerns on allergens and limitations of consuming edible mushrooms with special reference to chemical toxins and their postulated metabolites are highlighted. It is opined that the present review will redirect toxicologists to further investigate mushroom bioactives and allergens, thereby influencing dietary interventions for heart health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Payal B Joshi
- Operations and Method Development, Shefali Research Laboratories, Ambernath, India
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Saima Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bacha Khan University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nabia Hafeez
- Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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See Toh CJY, Bi X, Lee HW, Yeo MTY, Henry CJ. Is mushroom polysaccharide extract a better fat replacer than dried mushroom powder for food applications? Front Nutr 2023; 10:1111955. [PMID: 36819704 PMCID: PMC9935597 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1111955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction β-glucans found in the cell walls of mushrooms can be a beneficial food additive in replacing fat in commercial food products. Methods Four commonly consumed mushroom species in Singapore, i.e., Pleurotus ostreatus spp., Lentinus edodes, Agaricus bisporus, and Flammulina velutipes were profiled for the β-glucan content in the lyophilized form and ultrasonicated assisted extracted form. Both forms were added into chicken patties, which were characterized for the moisture, cooking loss, texture, color, and chemically analyzed for the protein, crude fat, and fatty acid profiles with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results and discussion Pleurotus Ostreatus spp. had the highest β-glucan of 29.8 ± 0.7 g/100 g in the pure powder form and 15.9 ± 0.3 g/100 g from the extract. Crude fat in 100% fat substituted patties was lowest in Flammulina velutipes extract enriched patties and least in A. bisporus pure powder patties. Additionally, fat replacement with A. bisporus extract and powder forms resulted in the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid profile of 49.6 ± 1.9 mg/100 g patty and 79.9 ± 4.5 mg/100 g patty, respectively. Chicken patties with added mushroom extract were notable in retaining moisture, cooking yield and its structure. Fat substitution with mushroom powder was also conducted, satisfactory results indicated a possibility as a better fat replacer that is easily processed and an efficient alternative to β-glucan extract. With increasing demand for low fat foods with acceptable organoleptic properties, our study demonstrates that the inclusion of dry mushroom powder has the ability to mimic the "fattiness" of chicken patties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Jie Yi See Toh
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinyan Bi
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Wen Lee
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michelle Ting Yun Yeo
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christiani Jeyakumar Henry
- Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,*Correspondence: Christiani Jeyakumar Henry,
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Bioactive compounds from mushrooms: Emerging bioresources of food and nutraceuticals. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kuwabara N, Ohta-Shimizu M, Fuwa F, Tomitsuka E, Sato S, Nakagawa S. Ergosterol increases 7-dehydrocholesterol, a cholesterol precursor, and decreases cholesterol in human HepG2 cells. Lipids 2022; 57:303-311. [PMID: 36098332 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment approaches for hyperlipidemia rely mainly on reducing the cholesterol level by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), which is involved in the presqualene pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Finding a compound that instead targets the postsqualene pathway could aid in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and synergistically reduce the cholesterol level when used in conjunction with HMGCR inhibitors. Ergosterol is a fungal sterol that is converted to brassicasterol by 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7). DHCR7 is also a cholesterol biosynthesis enzyme, and thus ergosterol may cause the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol, a precursor of cholesterol and vitamin D3 , by a competitive effect. In this study, we examined the effect of ergosterol on the postsqualene pathway by quantifying cholesterol precursors and related sterols using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and by conducting quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis for human HepG2 hepatoma cells. We found that ergosterol is converted into brassicasterol by the action of DHCR7 from HepG2 cells and that it induced the accumulation of cholesterol precursors (lathosterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, and desmosterol) and decreased the cholesterol level by altering the mRNA and protein levels of cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes (increase of sterol 8,7-isomerase [EBP] and decrease of DHCR7 and 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase [DHCR24]). These results demonstrate that ergosterol inhibits the postsqualene pathway and may be useful for the prevention of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Kuwabara
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Miho Ohta-Shimizu
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Fumiko Fuwa
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eriko Tomitsuka
- Department of Health Chemistry, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinji Sato
- Department of Functional and Analytical Food Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Saori Nakagawa
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Širić I, Kumar P, Eid EM, Bachheti A, Kos I, Bedeković D, Mioč B, Humar M. Occurrence and Health Risk Assessment of Cadmium Accumulation in Three Tricholoma Mushroom Species Collected from Wild Habitats of Central and Coastal Croatia. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070685. [PMID: 35887441 PMCID: PMC9317900 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study deals with the biomonitoring of cadmium (Cd) heavy metal in the three selected Tricholoma mushroom species collected from wild habitats of central and coastal Croatia. For this, mushroom (T. columbetta: n = 38, T. portentosum: n = 35, and T. terreum: n = 34) and surface soil samples were collected from nine forest localities of Croatia and analyzed for Cd concentration using inductively coupled plasma−optical emission spectrometry (ICP−OES) through the acid digestion method. The findings revealed that Cd was present in Tricholoma spp. and surface soil. However, the maximum mean Cd concentration (mg/kg dry weight) was recorded in T. portentosum (cap: 0.98; stipe: 0.72), followed by T. columbetta (cap: 0.96; stipe: 0.73) and T. terreum (cap: 0.81; stipe: 0.63). The bioconcentration factor (BCF) value (>1) revealed that the selected Tricholoma spp. had the potential for Cd accumulation. Moreover, the principal component (PC) and hierarchical cluster (HC) analyses were used to derive the interactions and similarities between Cd levels Tricholoma spp. and sampling localities. The multivariate analysis suggested that central sampling localities had higher Cd levels as compared to coastal localities. However, the daily intake of metals (DIM < 0.426) and health risk index (HRI < 1) showed that there was no potential health risk associated with the consumption of selected Tricholoma spp. The findings of this study are helpful to understand the Cd accumulation behavior of wild edible Tricholoma spp. collected from Croatia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Širić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (I.K.); (D.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Agro-Ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Ebrahem M. Eid
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia;
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Archana Bachheti
- Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Ivica Kos
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (I.K.); (D.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Dalibor Bedeković
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (I.K.); (D.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Boro Mioč
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (I.K.); (D.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Miha Humar
- Department of Wood Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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Phillips JM, Ooi SL, Pak SC. Health-Promoting Properties of Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Bioactive Compounds for the COVID-19 Era—An Appraisal: Do the Pro-Health Claims Measure Up? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072302. [PMID: 35408701 PMCID: PMC9000601 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Many mushroom species are consumed as food, while significant numbers are also utilised medicinally. Mushrooms are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. A growing body of in vitro, in vivo, and human research has revealed their therapeutic potentials, which include such properties as anti-pathogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, gut microbiota enhancement, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 specificity. The uses of medicinal mushrooms (MMs) as extracts in nutraceuticals and other functional food and health products are burgeoning. COVID-19 presents an opportunity to consider how, and if, specific MM compounds might be utilised therapeutically to mitigate associated risk factors, reduce disease severity, and support recovery. As vaccines become a mainstay, MMs may have the potential as an adjunct therapy to enhance immunity. In the context of COVID-19, this review explores current research about MMs to identify the key properties claimed to confer health benefits. Considered also are barriers or limitations that may impact general recommendations on MMs as therapy. It is contended that the extraction method used to isolate bioactive compounds must be a primary consideration for efficacious targeting of physiological endpoints. Mushrooms commonly available for culinary use and obtainable as a dietary supplement for medicinal purposes are included in this review. Specific properties related to these mushrooms have been considered due to their potential protective and mediating effects on human exposure to the SARS CoV-2 virus and the ensuing COVID-19 disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Mary Phillips
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia; (J.M.P.); (S.L.O.)
- LAGOM NutriHealing, 16 Gentile Court, Hobart, TAS 7010, Australia
| | - Soo Liang Ooi
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia; (J.M.P.); (S.L.O.)
| | - Sok Cheon Pak
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia; (J.M.P.); (S.L.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-6338-4952; Fax: +61-2-6338-4993
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Rizkyana AD, Ho TC, Roy VC, Park JS, Kiddane AT, Kim GD, Chun BS. Sulfation and characterization of polysaccharides from Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) extracted using subcritical water. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hosseini S, Hashemi Yusefabad H, Zakerkish M, Cheraghian B, Alipour M. The effects of hot air-dried white button mushroom powder on glycemic indices, lipid profile, inflammatory biomarkers and total antioxidant capacity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 27:49. [PMID: 36092487 PMCID: PMC9450248 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_513_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: The inflammatory and metabolic responses to mushroom in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are unknown. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Hot Air-dried White Button Mushroom (HAD-WBM) powder on glycemic status, lipid profile, inflammatory markers, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran. Eligible patients were adults aged 20–50 with Type 2 diabetes. Patients were assigned to each group using a randomized block design with block randomization (n = 22, in each group). Randomization was performed by an assistant and group allocation was blinded for the investigator and participants. The intervention and control groups received 16 g/day HAD-WBM or cornstarch powder for 8 weeks. The primary outcomes of interest were fructosamine, fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and secondary outcomes were triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein, very-LDL, cholesterol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and TAC. Results: After 8 weeks, a significant decrease was observed in fructosamine (−0.228 ± 0.36 vs. 0.03 ± 0.38; P = 0.02) and LDL (−13.05 ± 20.67 vs. 0.81 ± 21.79; P = 0.04) in the HAD-WBM group compared to the control group. No significant changes were observed in fasting insulin and FBS between the two groups. However, a significant within-group reduction (−28.00 ± 42.46; P = 0.006) was observed for FBS in the HAD-WBM group. In the HAD-WBM group, insulin resistance reduced significantly at the end of the study (From 4.92 to 3.81; P = 0.016), but it was not significantly different between the two groups. There was no significant difference in TAC, hs-CRP, and IL-6 between the two groups. Conclusion: Considering the results of this study about the beneficial effects of HAD-WBM on the improvement of glycemic indices and LDL in T2DM patients, it is recommended that HAD-WBM could be used to control T2DM.
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Physicochemical and microbial quality of Agaricus bisporus packaged in nano-SiO2/TiO2 loaded polyvinyl alcohol films. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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14
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Ogbole OO, Noleto-Dias C, Kamdem RST, Akinleye TE, Nkumah A, Ward JL, Beale MH. γ-Glutamyl-β-phenylethylamine, a novel α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory compound from Termitomyces robustus, an edible Nigerian mushroom. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:4681-4691. [PMID: 34878952 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2012774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Termitomyces species are known edible mushrooms in Nigeria, believed to have exceptional culinary and nutraceutical properties. Methanol extract from fruiting bodies of Termitomyces robustus was evaluated for antidiabetic activity using in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase assays. The isolation and structural elucidation of metabolites from the T. robustus extract afforded five compounds including a new natural product γ-glutamyl-β-phenylethylamine 3 and four known phenyl derivatives: tryptophan 1, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid 2, 4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid 4, and phenyllactic acid 5. Structures were elucidated from analyses of spectroscopic data (1 D and 2 D NMR, HRESIMS) and all isolated compounds were tested for α-amylase and α-glycosidase inhibitory activity. The in vitro assay established crude extract to possess α- amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition with IC50 of 78.05 µg/mL and 86.10 µg/mL, respectively. The isolated compounds compared favourably with the standard drug, acarbose with IC50 ranging from 6.18-15.08 µg/mL and 18.28-44.63 µg/mL for α-amylase and glucosidase, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omonike O Ogbole
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.,Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Clarice Noleto-Dias
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Ramsay S T Kamdem
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Higher Teachers Training College, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.,Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Bremen-University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Toluwanimi E Akinleye
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Abraham Nkumah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Jane L Ward
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Michael H Beale
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
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15
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Process optimization, digestibility and antioxidant activity of extruded rice with Agaricus bisporus. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Sides R, Griess-Fishheimer S, Zaretsky J, Shitrit A, Kalev-Altman R, Rozner R, Beresh O, Dumont M, Penn S, Shahar R, Monsonego-Ornan E. The Use of Mushrooms and Spirulina Algae as Supplements to Prevent Growth Inhibition in a Pre-Clinical Model for an Unbalanced Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124316. [PMID: 34959867 PMCID: PMC8705242 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Today’s eating patterns are characterized by the consumption of unbalanced diets (UBDs) resulting in a variety of health consequences on the one hand, and the consumption of dietary supplements in order to achieve overall health and wellness on the other. Balanced nutrition is especially crucial during childhood and adolescence as these time periods are characterized by rapid growth and development of the skeleton. We show the harmful effect of UBD on longitudinal bone growth, trabecular and cortical bone micro-architecture and bone mineral density; which were analyzed by micro-CT scanning. Three point bending tests demonstrate the negative effect of the diet on the mechanical properties of the bone material as well. Addition of Spirulina algae or Pleurotus eryngii or Agaricus bisporus mushrooms, to the UBD, was able to improve growth and impaired properties of the bone. 16SrRNA Sequencing identified dysbiosis in the UBD rats’ microbiota, with high levels of pro-inflammatory associated bacteria and low levels of bacteria associated with fermentation processes and bone related mechanisms. These results provide insight into the connection between diet, the skeletal system and the gut microbiota, and reveal the positive impact of three chosen dietary supplements on bone development and quality presumably through the microbiome composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Sides
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Shelley Griess-Fishheimer
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Janna Zaretsky
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Astar Shitrit
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Rotem Kalev-Altman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
- Koret School of Veterinary, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (M.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Reut Rozner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Olga Beresh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Maïtena Dumont
- Koret School of Veterinary, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (M.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Svetlana Penn
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Ron Shahar
- Koret School of Veterinary, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (M.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Efrat Monsonego-Ornan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (R.S.); (S.G.-F.); (J.Z.); (A.S.); (R.K.-A.); (R.R.); (O.B.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Solano-Aguilar GI, Lakshman S, Jang S, Gupta R, Molokin A, Schroeder SG, Gillevet PM, Urban JF. The Effects of Consuming White Button Mushroom Agaricus bisporus on the Brain and Liver Metabolome Using a Targeted Metabolomic Analysis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110779. [PMID: 34822437 PMCID: PMC8625434 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A targeted metabolomic analysis was performed on tissues derived from pigs fed diets supplemented with white button mushrooms (WBM) to determine the effect on the liver and brain metabolome. Thirty-one pigs were fed a grower diet alone or supplemented with either three or six servings of freeze-dried WBM for six weeks. Tissue metabolomes were analyzed using targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) combined with chemical similarity enrichment analysis (ChemRICH) and correlated to WBM-induced changes in fecal microbiome composition. Results indicated that WBM can differentially modulate metabolites in liver, brain cortex and hippocampus of healthy pigs. Within the glycero-phospholipids, there was an increase in alkyl-acyl-phosphatidyl-cholines (PC-O 40:3) in the hippocampus of pigs fed six servings of WBM. A broader change in glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids was detected in the liver with a reduction in several lipid species in pigs fed both WBM diets but with an increase in amino acids known as precursors of neurotransmitters in the cortex of pigs fed six servings of WBM. Metabolomic changes were positively correlated with increased abundance of Cryomorphaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Flammeovirgaceae and Ruminococcaceae in the microbiome suggesting that WBM can also positively impact tissue metabolite composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria I. Solano-Aguilar
- Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.L.); (S.J.); (A.M.); (J.F.U.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-301-504-8068
| | - Sukla Lakshman
- Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.L.); (S.J.); (A.M.); (J.F.U.J.)
| | - Saebyeol Jang
- Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.L.); (S.J.); (A.M.); (J.F.U.J.)
| | - Richi Gupta
- Microbiome Analysis Center, George Mason University, Science & Technology Campus, Manassas, VA 20108, USA; (R.G.); (P.M.G.)
| | - Aleksey Molokin
- Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.L.); (S.J.); (A.M.); (J.F.U.J.)
| | - Steven G. Schroeder
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA;
| | - Patrick M. Gillevet
- Microbiome Analysis Center, George Mason University, Science & Technology Campus, Manassas, VA 20108, USA; (R.G.); (P.M.G.)
| | - Joseph F. Urban
- Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.L.); (S.J.); (A.M.); (J.F.U.J.)
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18
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Adeyi AO, Adams FA, Adenipekun CO. Pleurotus tuber-regium inclusion in diet ameliorates dyslipidaemia in obese-type 2 diabetic rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pleurotus tuber-regium (P.T) is an edible mushroom with abundant polysaccharides that has been used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the hypoglycaemic potential and ameliorative activity of Pleurotus tuber-regium incorporated diet on diabetes induced dyslipidaemia.
Materials and methods
Thirty five (35) adult male wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups; Normal control, diabetic control, obese control, obese diabetic control, 10% PT, 20% PT, and Drug control. Type II DM was induced by placing the animals on high fat diet for a period of 10 weeks and a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg/BW). P. T was incorporated into the feed and given to the animals for two weeks daily after the confirmation of diabetes.
Results
Treatment of the obese diabetic rats with P. T supplemented diet caused a decrease in the blood glucose level compared to the control groups. Increased organo-somatic ratio of the kidney and heart were markedly (p < 0.05) reduced following treatment (20% P.T). Furthermore, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C and VLDL-C levels were reduced due to treatment accompanied by increased HDL-C in the liver. Histological evaluation of the liver, kidney, heart, and pancreas of the P. T treated groups were comparable to normal.
Conclusion
Incorporation of P. tuber-regium in diets could be effective in reversing dyslipidaemia in obese diabetic patients.
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Anusiya G, Gowthama Prabu U, Yamini NV, Sivarajasekar N, Rambabu K, Bharath G, Banat F. A review of the therapeutic and biological effects of edible and wild mushrooms. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11239-11268. [PMID: 34738876 PMCID: PMC8810068 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2001183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout history, mushrooms have occupied an inseparable part of the diet in many countries. Mushrooms are considered a rich source of phytonutrients such as polysaccharides, dietary fibers, and other micronutrients, in addition to various essential amino acids, which are building blocks of vital proteins. In general, mushrooms offer a wide range of health benefits with a large spectrum of pharmacological properties, including antidiabetic, antioxidative, antiviral, antibacterial, osteoprotective, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, etc. Both wild edible and medicinal mushrooms possess strong therapeutic and biological activities, which are evident from their in vivo and in vitro assays. The multifunctional activities of the mushroom extracts and the targeted potential of each of the compounds in the extracts have a broad range of applications, especially in the healing and repair of various organs and cells in humans. Owing to the presence of the aforementioned properties and rich phytocomposition, mushrooms are being used in the production of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. This review aims to provide a clear insight on the commercially cultivated, wild edible, and medicinal mushrooms with comprehensive information on their phytochemical constituents and properties as part of food and medicine for futuristic exploitation. Future outlook and prospective challenges associated with the cultivation and processing of these medicinal mushrooms as functional foods are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anusiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - U Gowthama Prabu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - N V Yamini
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - N Sivarajasekar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - K Rambabu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - G Bharath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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20
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Latif A, Issa Khan M, Rakha A, Ali Khan J. Evaluating the therapeutic potential of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) against DMBA-induced breast cancer in Sprague Dawley rats. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13979. [PMID: 34698374 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The current research work was designed to investigate the protective effects of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer. Breast cancer was induced in rats by the administration of a single dose of 50 mg/kg DMBA via gavage. The rats were divided into four groups: G1 (negative control group), G2 (positive control group), G3 (rats receiving mushroom extract), and G4 (rats administered with doxorubicin). The mushroom extract significantly (p < .001) improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes in carcinogenic rats. Moreover, the mushroom extract also prevented the increase in the concentration of tumor biomarkers that are CEA, CA 15.3, and CRP in experimental rats. Liver function enzymes were also raised in G2 and G4 compared with G3. Besides, the RBCs and Hb were also reduced significantly in G4 while in G3. The mushroom extract effectively controlled the level of RBCs and Hb. An improvement in lipid profile was also measured in mushroom extract receiving rats. Conclusively, the mushroom extract alleviated DMBA-induced breast cancer potentially via improving antioxidants, reducing lipid peroxidation, and decreasing tumor biomarkers. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present research study examined the antitumor potential of white button mushroom. The mushroom effectively prevented the increase in tumor biomarkers, reduction in antioxidant enzymes, and increase in lipid peroxidation in rats with DMBA-induced breast cancer. The mushroom can be used as a potential source to prevent breast cancer and further research can be conducted to explore its anticancer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Latif
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Allah Rakha
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Ali Khan
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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21
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Nugraheni M, Purwanti S, Ekawatiningsih P. Impact of Analog Rice Derived from Different Composite Flours from Tubers, Germinated Legumes, and Cereals on Improving Serum Markers in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:296-306. [PMID: 34737990 PMCID: PMC8531424 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.3.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the consumption of four types of analog rice made from different composite flours in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups and fed different food for six weeks: normal standard food (NSF), diabetic standard food (DSF), diabetic commercial rice (DCR), and diabetic analog rice (DAR) I∼IV. Total phenolic, dietary fiber, and resistant starch contents were evaluated in every analog and commercial type of rice. The parameters studied were fasting blood glucose, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) insulin resistance (IR), HOMA β, lipid profile, atherogenic indexes (AI), weight changes, serum insulin and antioxidant activities. Total phenol, dietary fiber, and resistant starch were higher for analog rice IV than the other three analog rice. In addition, analog rice IV had a greater ability to lower fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels. High density lipoprotein levels increased in all groups fed analog rice, and all diabetic rats fed four types of analog rice had improved weight, antioxidant activity, serum insulin levels, HOMA IR, HOMA β, and AI. Commercial rice consumption did not improve glucose or lipids profiles, antioxidant activity, serum insulin level, HOMA IR, HOMA β, or AI in diabetic mice. These results show that the four types of analog rice significantly improved serum markers in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutiara Nugraheni
- Culinary Art Vocational Education, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Sutriyati Purwanti
- Culinary Art Vocational Education, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Prihastuti Ekawatiningsih
- Culinary Art Vocational Education, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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22
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Singh MP, Rai SN, Dubey SK, Pandey AT, Tabassum N, Chaturvedi VK, Singh NB. Biomolecules of mushroom: a recipe of human wellness. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:913-930. [PMID: 34412526 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1964431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Indian system of medicine - Ayurveda says "When diet is wrong, medicine is of no use. When diet is correct, medicine is of no use". In this context, mushroom constitutes one of the major resources for nutraceuticals. Biomolecules of mushrooms have attracted the attention of researchers around the globe due to their proven healthy attributes. They have a plenitude of health-giving properties and these range from immunomodulatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anticancer, anti-HIV, antidiabetic, anticholesterolic to antiarthritic activities.Mushrooms contain both primary and secondary metabolites. The primary metabolites provide energy while the secondary metabolite exhibits medicinal properties. Hence, the mushroom can be a recipe for human wellness and will play a significant role in fighting COVID-19 pandemics and other infectious diseases.The key findings suggested in this paper refer to the exploration of health and the healing traits of biomolecules of mushrooms. This article reviews the current status of the medicinal attributes of mushrooms and their biomolecules in different diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, reproductive diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The global malnutrition-related morbidity and mortality among children under five and lactating women presents a frightening picture and also a black spot on the human face. Malnutrition is responsible for more ill-health than any other cause. Mushrooms as a rich source of bioactive compounds can be claimed as "Best from the Waste" since they grow on the most abundant organic wastes of the Earth, the lignocellulosic substrate, and 'Best of the Rest' because they are excellent nutraceutical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nazish Tabassum
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | | | - Narsingh Bahadur Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD, USA
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White Button Mushroom Extracts Modulate Hepatic Fibrosis Progression, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress In Vitro and in LDLR-/- Mice. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081788. [PMID: 34441565 PMCID: PMC8392037 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis can be caused by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), among other conditions. We performed a study to analyze the effects of a nontoxic, water-soluble extract of the edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus (AB) as a potential inhibitor of fibrosis progression in vitro using human hepatic stellate cell (LX2) cultures and in vivo in LDLR-/- mice. Treatment of LX2 cells with the AB extract reduced the levels of fibrotic and oxidative-related markers and increased the levels of GATA4 expression. In LDLR-/- mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver fibrosis and inflammation, the progression of fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were prevented by AB extract treatment. Moreover, in the mouse model, AB extract could exert an antiatherogenic effect. These data suggest that AB mushroom extract seems to exert protective effects by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress during the progression of liver fibrosis, possibly due to a decrease in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and a reduction in Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. In addition, we observed a potential atheroprotective effect in our mouse model.
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Hossain MS, Barua A, Tanim MAH, Hasan MS, Islam MJ, Hossain MR, Emon NU, Hossen SMM. Ganoderma applanatum mushroom provides new insights into the management of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic degeneration: A comprehensive analysis. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4364-4374. [PMID: 34401085 PMCID: PMC8358375 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects of methanol and aqueous extracts of Ganoderma applanatum (MEGA, AEGA) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The antidiabetic study was implemented by the induction of alloxan to the rats. The analysis of the hypolipidemic and liver-protective effects of fungus extracts was studied by estimating the lipid profile and the liver marker enzymes. Besides, in silico screening of the compounds of Ganoderma applanatum has been incorporated thus to check the binding affinity of compounds and enzymes affinity. The Discovery Studio 2020, UCSF Chimera, and PyRx AutoDock Vina have been used to implement the docking analysis. Nine days of oral feeding of MEGA and AEGA of Ganoderma applanatum resulted in a significant (p < .001) reduction in blood glucose, lipid profile, and liver marker enzymes. Besides, Myrocin C scored the highest score in the docking study. The biological and computational approaches suggested the MEGA and AEGA could be a potential source for antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anik Barua
- Department of Biochemistry and BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Sharif Hasan
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Biological ScienceUniversity of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - Mohammad Jahedul Islam
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Biological ScienceUniversity of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - Md. Rabiul Hossain
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Science and Technology ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Science and EngineeringInternational Islamic University ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - S M Moazzem Hossen
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Biological ScienceUniversity of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
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An H, Lee HY, Shin H, Bang JH, Han S, Oh YL, Jang KY, Cho H, Hyun TK, Sung J, So YS, Jo IH, Chung JW. Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis among Germplasm of Agaricus bisporus by SSR Markers. MYCOBIOLOGY 2021; 49:376-384. [PMID: 34512081 PMCID: PMC8409946 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2021.1940746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Agaricus bisporus is a popular edible mushroom that is cultivated worldwide. Due to its secondary homothallic nature, cultivated A. bisporus strains have low genetic diversity, and breeding novel strains is challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of globally collected A. bisporus strains using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Agaricus bisporus strains were divided based on genetic distance-based groups and model-based subpopulations. The major allele frequency (MAF), number of genotypes (NG), number of alleles (NA), observed heterozygosity (HO), expected heterozygosity (HE), and polymorphic information content (PIC) were calculated, and genetic distance, population structure, genetic differentiation, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were assessed. Strains were divided into two groups by distance-based analysis and into three subpopulations by model-based analysis. Strains in subpopulations POP A and POP B were included in Group I, and strains in subpopulation POP C were included in Group II. Genetic differentiation between strains was 99%. Marker AB-gSSR-1057 in Group II and subpopulation POP C was confirmed to be in HWE. These results will enhance A. bisporus breeding programs and support the protection of genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin An
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Yong Lee
- Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeran Shin
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyoung Bang
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seahee Han
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Lee Oh
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kab-Yeul Jang
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Cho
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jwakyung Sung
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Sup So
- Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick-Hyun Jo
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Nutritional, Medicinal, and Cosmetic Value of Bioactive Compounds in Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus): A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11135943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fungi are vital to numerous industrial and household processes, especially producing cheeses, beer, wine, and bread, and they are accountable for breaking down organic matter. The remarkable medicinal and nutritional values of the mushrooms have increased their consumption. Agaricus bisporus belongs to the Agaricaceae family, and it is a top-ranked cultivated mushroom that is well known for its edibility. A. bisporus is rich in nutrients such as carbohydrates, amino acids, fats, and minerals and has potential anticancer, antioxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammation properties. The bioactive compounds extracted from this mushroom can be used for the treatment of several common human diseases including cancer, bacterial and fungal infections, diabetes, heart disorder, and skin problems. A. bisporus has opened new horizons for the world to explore mushrooms as far as their culinary and medicinal values are concerned. In recent years, tyrosinase and ergothioneine have been extracted from this mushroom, which has made this mushroom worth considering more for nutritional and medicinal purposes. To emphasize various aspects of A. bisporus, a comprehensive review highlighting the nutritional, medicinal, and cosmetic values and finding out the research gaps is presented. In this way, it would be possible to improve the quality and quantity of bioactive compounds in A. bisporus, ultimately contributing to the discovery of new drugs and the responsible mechanisms. In the present review, we summarize the latest advancements regarding the nutritional, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic properties of A. bisporus. Moreover, research gaps with future research directions are also discussed.
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An H, Lee HY, Shim D, Choi SH, Cho H, Hyun TK, Jo IH, Chung JW. Development of CAPS Markers for Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in the Germplasm of Button Mushroom ( Agaricus bisporus). J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:375. [PMID: 34064696 PMCID: PMC8151297 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Agaricus bisporus is a globally cultivated mushroom with high economic value. Despite its widespread cultivation, commercial button mushroom strains have little genetic diversity and discrimination of strains for identification and breeding purposes is challenging. Molecular markers suitable for diversity analyses of germplasms with similar genotypes and discrimination between accessions are needed to support the development of new varieties. To develop cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPs) markers, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mining was performed based on the A. bisporus genome and resequencing data. A total of 70 sets of CAPs markers were developed and applied to 41 A. bisporus accessions for diversity, multivariate, and population structure analyses. Of the 70 SNPs, 62.85% (44/70) were transitions (G/A or C/T) and 37.15% (26/70) were transversions (A/C, A/T, C/G, or G/T). The number of alleles per locus was 1 or 2 (average = 1.9), and expected heterozygosity and gene diversity were 0.0-0.499 (mean = 0.265) and 0.0-0.9367 (mean = 0.3599), respectively. Multivariate and cluster analyses of accessions produced similar groups, with F-statistic values of 0.134 and 0.153 for distance-based and model-based groups, respectively. A minimum set of 10 markers optimized for accession identification were selected based on high index of genetic diversity (GD, range 0.299-0.499) and major allele frequency (MAF, range 0.524-0.817). The CAPS markers can be used to evaluate genetic diversity and population structure and will facilitate the management of emerging genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin An
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (H.A.); (H.C.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Hwa-Yong Lee
- Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
| | - Donghwan Shim
- Department of Biological Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Seong Ho Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
| | - Hyunwoo Cho
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (H.A.); (H.C.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Tae Kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (H.A.); (H.C.); (T.K.H.)
| | - Ick-Hyun Jo
- National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Chung
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (H.A.); (H.C.); (T.K.H.)
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Sharma A, Kaur R, Kaur J, Garg S, Bhatti R, Kaur A. An endophytic Schizophyllum commune Fr. exhibits in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. AMB Express 2021; 11:58. [PMID: 33881650 PMCID: PMC8060376 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01219-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at isolation of endophytic basidiomycetous fungi and evaluation of their in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic potential. Preliminary screening for in-vitro activity was carried out using α-glucosidase inhibition assay. An endophytic isolate Sch1 (isolated from Aloe vera), identified to be Schizophyllum commune Fr. on molecular basis, exhibiting more than 90% α-glucosidase inhibitiory activity was selected for further studies. Detailed in-vivo investigations for antidiabetic potential of ethyl acetate extract of S. commune (Sch1), at two different doses, were carried out in streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with S. commune extract caused significant decrease in blood glucose level and increase in body weight after 14 days experimental period. It significantly restored renal parameters including creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, fractional excretion of sodium, and potassium level in diabetic rats. Improvement in lipid profile and level of antioxidant parameters viz. reduced glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, and superoxide anion generation was also observed after treatment. Liver enzymes (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminases, and alkaline phosphatase) homeostasis was found to be markedly improved in diabetic rats administered with S. commune extract. The effects were more pronounced at higher concentration and comparable to acarbose which was used as positive control. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolics and terpenoids in the ethyl acetate extract. This is the first report highlighting the therapeutic potential of an endophytic S. commune in the management of diabetes.
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Bilobalide Enhances AMPK Activity to Improve Liver Injury and Metabolic Disorders in STZ-Induced Diabetes in Immature Rats via Regulating HMGB1/TLR4/NF- κB Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8835408. [PMID: 33959665 PMCID: PMC8075671 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8835408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at examining the effect and underlying mechanisms of bilobalide (BB) on hepatic injury in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes mellitus (DM) in immature rats. Immature rats (one day old) were randomly divided into five groups: group I, control nondiabetic rats; group II, STZ-induced, untreated diabetic rats; groups III/IV/V, STZ-induced and BB-treated diabetic rats, which were intraperitoneally injected with BB (2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, or 10 mg/kg) after 3 days followed by STZ treatment. We observed that BB improved the histopathological changes and maintained normal glucose metabolism, blood lipid, and liver function indicators, such as fasting blood glucose, obesity index, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, fast serum insulin, adiponectin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) in STZ-induced DM in immature rats by a biochemical analyzer or ELISA. Meanwhile, Western blot analysis showed that in STZ-induced DM immature rats, BB decreased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9 while enhancing the Bcl-2 expression; BB downregulated the expression of ACC related to fat anabolism, while upregulating the expression of CPT-1 related to fat catabolism. Strikingly, treatment with BB significantly increased the expression of AMPKα1 as well as inhibited HMGB1, TLR4, and p-P65 expression in hepatic tissues of immature DM rats. AMPK inhibitor (compound C, CC) cotreated with BB undermined the protective effect of BB on the liver injury. The results of the present study suggested BB may have a significant role in alleviating liver damage in the STZ-induced immature DM rats.
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Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of whole wheat breads formulated with the incorporation of vegetable paste. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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31
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Colosimo R, Warren FJ, Edwards CH, Ryden P, Dyer PS, Finnigan TJ, Wilde PJ. Comparison of the behavior of fungal and plant cell wall during gastrointestinal digestion and resulting health effects: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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32
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Comparison of Bioactive Substances Content between Commercial and Wild-Type Isolates of Pleurotus eryngii. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13073777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms belonging to Pleurotus genus have been demonstrated to have important nutritional and medicinal value and their regular intake prevent many diseases, reduce the infection probability and increase immunity. In order to investigate the bioactive compounds produced by seven commercial (‘142 F’, ‘142 E’, ‘D+’, ‘V turbo’, ‘V 142’, ‘A 12’, ‘V 160’) and five wild-type (‘Albino 1107’, ‘Altamura 1603’, ‘Muro Lucano 139’, ‘Conversano 1250’, ‘Albino beige chiaro 1094’) P. eryngii isolates, the following qualitative analyses were performed: Total polyphenol content, antioxidant activity (EC50 of ABTS) and antiradical power (ARP) in fresh lyophilized and dry basidioma, and water content, β-glucans and phenolic compounds in fresh samples. Standard methods were employed for each of the above mentioned aims. Total polyphenol content was diverse among the P. eryngii isolates. In particular, an elevated polyphenolic content was found in fresh lyophilized P. eryngii samples of the commercial isolates ‘V 142’ followed by ‘A 12’. The highest antiradical activity (ARP) was obtained by ‘Muro Lucano 139’ isolate. Wild P. eryngii isolates were characterized by higher water and β-glucans contents compared to the commercial ones, and the highest values were registered for the ‘Albino beige chiaro 1094’ isolate. In conclusion, the present study allowed us to identify the commercial and wild-type P. eryngii isolates from the Basilicata region, with high nutritional and medicinal value based on their bioactive compounds.
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El-Maradny YA, El-Fakharany EM, Abu-Serie MM, Hashish MH, Selim HS. Lectins purified from medicinal and edible mushrooms: Insights into their antiviral activity against pathogenic viruses. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 179:239-258. [PMID: 33676978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For thousands of years, fungi have been a valuable and promising source of therapeutic agents for treatment of various diseases. Mushroom is a macrofungus which has been cultivated worldwide for its nutritional value and medicinal applications. Several bioactive molecules were extracted from mushroom such as polysaccharides, lectins and terpenoids. Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins with non-immunologic origin. Lectins were classified according to their structure, origin and sugar specificity. This protein has different binding specificity with surface glycan moiety which determines its activity and therapeutic applications. A wide range of medicinal activities such as antitumor, antiviral, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic were reported from sugar-binding proteins. However, glycan-binding protein from mushroom is not well explored as antiviral agent. The discovery of novel antiviral agents is a public health emergency to overcome the current pandemic and be ready for the upcoming viral pandemics. The mechanism of action of lectin against viruses targets numerous steps in viral life cycle such as viral attachment, entry and replication. This review described the history, classification, purification techniques, structure-function relationship and different therapeutic applications of mushroom lectin. In addition, we focus on the antiviral activity, purification and physicochemical characteristics of some mushroom lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra A El-Maradny
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt; Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona H Hashish
- Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba S Selim
- Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Pham Ngoc L, Helmus R, Ehlers AW, Swart K, Besselink H, de Rijke E, Dang Thi Cam H, Brouwer A, van der Burg B. Effect-directed analysis and chemical identification of agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in white button mushroom. Food Funct 2021; 12:133-143. [PMID: 33283804 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02071k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has a serious effect on human health. It relates to metabolic syndrome, including the associated disorders such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke and hyperemia. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are important receptors to control fat metabolism in the human body. Because of the safety concerns of synthetic drugs targeting PPARs, ligands from natural sources have drawn interest. Earlier, we have found high PPAR activities in extracts from Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom, WBM). WBM contains a wide range of candidate compounds which could be agonists of PPARs. To identify which compounds are responsible for PPAR activation by WBM extracts, we used fractionation coupled to effect-directed analysis with reporter gene assays specific for all three PPARs for purification and LC/MS-TOF and NMR for compound identification in purified active fractions. Surprisingly, we identified the relatively common dietary fatty acid, linoleic acid, as the main ligand of PPARs in WBM. Possibly, the relatively low levels of linoleic acid in WBM are sufficient and instrumental in inducing its anti-obesogenic effects, avoiding high energy intake and negative health effects associated with high levels of linoleic acid consumption. However, it could not be excluded that a minor relatively potent compound contributes towards PPAR activation, while the anti-obesity effects of WBM may be further enhanced by receptor expression modulating compounds or compounds with completely PPAR unrelated modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Pham Ngoc
- BioDetection Systems, Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands. and Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam and Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universitei, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Helmus
- Institute of Biodiversity & Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas W Ehlers
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 254, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kees Swart
- BioDetection Systems, Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Harry Besselink
- BioDetection Systems, Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eva de Rijke
- Institute of Biodiversity & Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ha Dang Thi Cam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Abraham Brouwer
- BioDetection Systems, Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands. and Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universitei, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van der Burg
- BioDetection Systems, Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Kour H, Kour S, Sharma Y, Singh S, Sharma I, Kour D, Yadav AN. Bioprospecting of Industrially Important Mushrooms. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85603-8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Karami H, Shariatifar N, Nazmara S, Moazzen M, Mahmoodi B, Mousavi Khaneghah A. The Concentration and Probabilistic Health Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Edible Mushrooms (Wild and Cultivated) Samples Collected from Different Cities of Iran. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:389-400. [PMID: 32314140 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02130-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study was devoted to investigate the PTE concentrations including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper(Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), arsenic(As), and zinc (Zn) among six types of edible wild, 23 cultivated mushroom samples collected from Iran's market by the aid of an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Also, the related health risk assessment was established by the aid of the Monte Carlo simulation method (MSC). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were ranged 0.001-0.048 and 0.003-0.160 ppm, respectively. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined in the ranges of 0.003-11. 5, 0.0008-5.89, 0.32-26.32, 9.15-110.08, 15.25-751.17, 0.16-2.24, 2.1-60.47, 1.21-24.22, 0.16-8.92, and 37.13-268.11 mg kg-1, respectively. According to findings, highest mean concentration of Cr in both types of mushrooms (cultivated and wild) was lower than recommended level by Codex Alimentarius/Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (CODEX/FAO/WHO) while the corresponding values for Hg (0.87 mg kg-1), As (1.39 mg kg-1), Ni (10.08 mg kg-1), Cu (36.65 mg kg-1), Cr (10.44 mg kg-1), Cd (0.589 mg kg-1), Fe (201.04 mg kg-1), Mn (10.30 mg kg-1), Zn (2266.43 mg kg-1), and Pb (3.81 mg kg-1) were higher than related standard levels. According to the health risk assessment, no concern regarding the non-carcinogenic risk due to the ingestion of PTEs via the consumption of the edible mushrooms, except Hg in wild mushrooms for children, was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Karami
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahrokh Nazmara
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Moazzen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Mahmoodi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Khursheed R, Singh SK, Wadhwa S, Gulati M, Awasthi A, Kumar R, Ramanunny AK, Kapoor B, Kumar P, Corrie L. Exploring role of probiotics and Ganoderma lucidum extract powder as solid carriers to solidify liquid self-nanoemulsifying delivery systems loaded with curcumin. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116996. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Therapeutic potential of mushrooms in diabetes mellitus: Role of polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1194-1205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tung YT, Pan CH, Chien YW, Huang HY. Edible Mushrooms: Novel Medicinal Agents to Combat Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4970-4981. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200831151316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is an aggregation of conditions and associated with an increased risk of developing
diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Edible mushrooms are widely consumed in many countries
and are valuable components of the diet because of their attractive taste, aroma, and nutritional value. Medicinal
mushrooms are higher fungi with additional nutraceutical attributes having low-fat content and a transisomer
of unsaturated fatty acids along with high fiber content, biologically active compounds such as polysaccharides
or polysaccharide β-glucans, alkaloids, steroids, polyphenols and terpenoids. In vitro experiments, animal
models, and even human studies have demonstrated not only fresh edible mushroom but also mushroom
extract that has great therapeutic applications in human health as they possess many properties such as antiobesity,
cardioprotective and anti-diabetic effect. They are considered as the unmatched source of healthy foods
and drugs. The focus of this report was to provide a concise and complete review of the novel medicinal properties
of fresh or dry mushroom and extracts, fruiting body or mycelium and its extracts, fiber, polysaccharides,
beta-glucan, triterpenes, fucoidan, ergothioneine from edible mushrooms that may help to prevent or treat metabolic
syndrome and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chien
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
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Nephroprotective Effect of Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus Extracts and Carvedilol on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Urolithiasis: Roles of NF-κB, p53, Bcl-2, Bax and Bak. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091317. [PMID: 32937925 PMCID: PMC7565610 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the nephroprotective effects of Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus aqueous extracts and carvedilol on hyperoxaluria-induced urolithiasis and to scrutinize the possible roles of NF-κB, p53, Bcl-2, Bax and Bak. Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of mushrooms’ aqueous extracts were also performed and revealed the presence of multiple antioxidant and anti-inflammatory components. Hyperoxaluria was induced in Wistar rats through the addition of 0.75% (v/v) ethylene glycol in drinking water for nine weeks. The ethylene glycol-administered rats were orally treated with Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus aqueous extracts (100 mg/kg) and carvedilol (30 mg/kg) daily during the last seven weeks. The study showed that Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus and carvedilol all successfully inhibited ethylene glycol-induced histological perturbations and the elevation of serum creatinine, serum urea, serum and urinary uric acid, serum, urinary and kidney oxalate, urine specific gravity, kidney calcium, kidney NF-κB, NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, p53, Bax and Bak expressions as well as serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels. Moreover, the treatment decreased the reduction in urinary creatinine, urinary urea, ratios of urinary creatinine to serum creatinine and urinary urea to serum urea, Fex Urea and Bcl-2 expression in kidney. In conclusion, although Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus extracts and carvedilol all significantly inhibited the progression of nephrolithiasis and showed nephroprotective effects against ethylene glycol-induced kidney dysfunction, Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus seemed to be more effective than carvedilol. Moreover, the nephroprotective effects may be mediated via affecting NF-κB activation, extrinsic apoptosis and intrinsic apoptosis pathways.
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Fu Z, Liu G, Wang L. Assessment of potential human health risk of trace element in wild edible mushroom species collected from Yunnan Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:29218-29227. [PMID: 32436089 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09242-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wild edible mushrooms are rich in nutritions and popular among people, but wild edible mushrooms easily accumulate potentially harmful trace elements, and excessive intake will harm health. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential health hazards of long-term intake of wild edible mushrooms in Yunnan Province, China. The concentrations of trace element (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Ni, and Zn) in 19 species of wild edible mushrooms in Yunnan Province were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Further processing of the data, the potential health risk assessments of consumers were evaluated by the target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR), respectively. Results showed that concentrations of trace element in wild edible mushrooms decreased in the order of Zn > Cu > As > Ni > Cr > Cd > Pb > Hg. Compared with the maximum standard by the WHO/China, the averages of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Zn were significantly greater than the standard. Among the tested wild edible mushrooms, HI values of Leccinum crocipodium, Thelephora ganbajun, Lactarius luteolus, Tricholoma matsutake, and Polyporus ellisii were more than 1. Thus, Leccinum crocipodium, Thelephora ganbajun, Lactarius luteolus, Tricholoma matsutake, and Polyporus ellisii are the main sources of risk. The value of THQ in ascending order was as follows: Pb (0.11) < Cd (0.75) < As (4.27) < Hg (6.87). Thus, Hg are the primary sources of health risk in the wild edible mushrooms in Yunnan Province. ILCR(As) values of Thelephora ganbajun, Tricholoma matsutake, Laccaria amethystea, and Polyporus ellisii were more than 10-4, these four samples are the primary sources of health risk. The mean values of ILCR for As in wild mushroom were 1.01 × 10-4. The results suggest that there was potential health risk to the consumer associated with the long-term consumption of wild edible mushrooms collected from Yunnan Province. We propose that the concentrations of trace element should be periodically monitored in wild edible mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiu Fu
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Luxiang Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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Development of a Sensory Flavor Lexicon for Mushrooms and Subsequent Characterization of Fresh and Dried Mushrooms. Foods 2020; 9:foods9080980. [PMID: 32718026 PMCID: PMC7466268 DOI: 10.3390/foods9080980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are a nutritious versatile ingredient in many food products. They are low in calories and have various potential medicinal properties as well. Surprisingly, little research on their descriptive sensory properties has been conducted. The objectives of this study were to a) establish a descriptive sensory flavor lexicon for the evaluation of fresh, dried, and powdered mushrooms and 2) use that lexicon to compare a selection of different mushrooms of various species and in fresh dried and powdered forms. A lexicon for describing mushroom was developed using a consensus profile method. A highly trained, descriptive sensory panel identified, defined, and referenced 27 flavor attributes for commercially available mushroom samples prepared as “meat” and broth. Attributes could be grouped in categories such as musty (dusty/papery, earthy/humus, earthy/damp, earthy/potato, fermented, leather (new), leather (old), mold/cheesy, moldy/damp, mushroomy), and other attributes such as fishy, shell fish, woody, nutty, brown, green, cardboard, burnt/ashy, potato, umami, protein (vegetable), yeasty, bitter, salty, sweet aromatics, sour, and astringent. Samples were then tested in three replications and mean values were compared statistically. In addition, principal component analysis was used to understand the characteristics of mushrooms evaluated. Dried mushrooms showed bitter, burnt, musty/dusty, astringent, old leather, and fresh mushroom characteristics and fresh mushroom showed umami, sweet, earthy/potato, earthy/damp, yeasty, and fermented. Mushrooms were grouped and differentiated in similar ways regardless of whether they were tested as broth or “meat”. Mushroom growers, product developers, chefs and other culinary professionals, sensory scientists, researchers, the food industry, and ultimately consumers will benefit from this lexicon describing a wide variety of mushroom flavor properties.
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Širić I, Falandysz J. Contamination, bioconcentration and distribution of mercury in Tricholoma spp. mushrooms from southern and northern regions of Europe. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126614. [PMID: 32443241 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The contamination, bio-concentration and distribution of mercury (Hg) in wild mushrooms of the genus Tricholoma such as T. equestre, T. portentosum, T. columbeta, and T. terreum were studied, and the possible dietary intake and risk for human consumers in Europe was estimated. Mushrooms, together with the associated forest topsoils were collected from 10 unpolluted and geographically distant areas, far from local or regional emission sources, in Poland (2 sites) and Croatia (8 sites). The Hg contents were in the range 0.10 ± 0.06 to 0.71 ± 0.34 mg kg-1 dry matter in caps and 0.04 ± 0.02 to 0.38 ± 0.13 mg kg-1 in stems. The corresponding topsoil concentrations varied over a relatively narrow range between sites, from 0.013 ± 0.003 to 0.028 ± 0.006 mg kg-1 dry matter. Overall, the study results showed low levels of mercury both, in edible Tricholoma mushrooms and forest topsoils from background (unpolluted) forested areas in Croatia and Poland. The morphological distribution showed considerably greater concentrations of mercury in the caps relative to the stems with ratios ranging from 1.6 ± 0.6 to 3.9 ± 1.8. T. equestre showed good ability to bioconcentrate Hg, with bioconcentration factors (BCF) values in the range 18 ± 7 to 37 ± 18. The data suggests that Tricholoma mushrooms from unpolluted areas in southern and northern regions of Europe can be considered as a low risk food from the point of view of the tolerable Hg intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Širić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jerzy Falandysz
- University of Gdańsk, Environmental Chemistry & Ecotoxicology, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland; University of Cartagena, Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, 130015, Cartagena, Colombia
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Sánchez-Urdaneta AB, Montero-Quintero KC, González-Redondo P, Molina E, Bracho-Bravo B, Moreno-Rojas R. Hypolipidemic and Hypoglycaemic Effect of Wholemeal Bread with Amaranth ( Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell.) on Sprague Dawley Rats. Foods 2020; 9:foods9060707. [PMID: 32492837 PMCID: PMC7353626 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of consuming breads made with wheat flour and Amaranth (Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell.) wholemeal flour on Sprague Dawley rats with hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia induced through feeding was studied. Four diets were provided: control (CD: Ratarina®), commercial bread (CBD), bread with 100 g·kg−1 (ABD10) and 200 g·kg−1 (ABD20) amaranth flour. Zoometric and blood chemistry parameters were measured before and after consuming the diets. A completely random factorial design of 2 × 4 × 2 was used. The factors were blood lipids and glucose level (normal, N and elevated, E), diet (CD, CBD, ABD10 and ABD20) and sex (female, F and male, M). The rats consuming ABD10 and ABD20 diets presented the lowest glucose values, although with no differences (p > 0.05) between the groups of elevated blood lipids and glucose rats (E). Triglyceride concentrations decreased in ABD10 and ABD20 treatments in comparison with CD, elevated blood lipids and glucose (E) rats, while ABD10 rats showed lower total cholesterol level than normal (N) rats. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol values increased in the ABD10 and ABD20 groups (p < 0.05), while it did lower for very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiac risk index (p < 0.05). In ABD10 and ABD20 treatments, the abdominal circumference decreased in both sexes (p < 0.05) between weeks 23 and 31. In conclusion, consumption of bread with amaranth improved lipid profiles of rats and could help to prevent metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Beatriz Sánchez-Urdaneta
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela;
- Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Manabí 130105, Ecuador
| | - Keyla Carolina Montero-Quintero
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Humanidades y Educación, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (K.C.M.-Q.); (E.M.)
| | - Pedro González-Redondo
- Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954486454
| | - Edgar Molina
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Humanidades y Educación, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (K.C.M.-Q.); (E.M.)
| | - Belkys Bracho-Bravo
- Departamento de Estadística, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela;
| | - Rafael Moreno-Rojas
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
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Rech G, Lopes da Silva L, da Silva K, Mendes Silva T, Fontana RC, Salvador M, Parmegiani Jahn M, Camassola M. Lipid-lowering effect of Pinus sp. sawdust and Pycnoporus sanguineus mycelium in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13247. [PMID: 32478428 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of diet supplementations on biochemical, hematological, and redox metabolism parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Healthy male Wistar rats and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were provided diets supplemented with 20% of Pinus sp. sawdust or Pycnoporus sanguineus mycelium for 4 weeks. Diabetic rats treated with both Pinus sp. sawdust- and P. sanguineus mycelium-supplemented diets presented a significant decrease in non-HDL cholesterol of 38.43% and 33.53% and triglycerides of 70.03% and 69.81%, respectively, compared to diabetic control. As far as we know, this is the first report of a significant decrease in serum lipids attributed to these supplementations. Even though with the alterations in hematological and redox metabolism parameters related to these diet treatments, our data suggest that Pinus sp. sawdust and Pycnoporus sanguineus mycelium could be a useful a diet supplement to control diabetic dyslipidemia in animals. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Pinus sp. sawdust is a residue from the wood industry that can be reused as a substrate to cultivate Pycnoporus sanguineus mycelium. Both species have specific and rich natural compounds. The results of the present study surprisingly showed that diets supplemented with the isolated substrate (Pinus sp. sawdust) and Pycnoporus sanguineus mycelium significantly decrease non-HDL cholesterol and triglycerides in induced diabetic animal model. These new natural approaches can be interesting to develop a nutraceutical to treat dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Rech
- Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.,Laboratory of Physiology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Lopes da Silva
- Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Keoma da Silva
- Laboratory of Physiology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tuani Mendes Silva
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Roselei Claudete Fontana
- Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Marli Camassola
- Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
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Auricular concha eletroacupuncture modulates lipid-lipoprotein metabolism in rats submitted to cold stress. WORLD JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE-MOXIBUSTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wjam.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Alp H, Ince M, Ince OK, Onal A. Evaluation the Weekly Intake of Some Wild Edible Indigenous Mushrooms Collected in Different Regions in Tunceli, Turkey. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 195:239-249. [PMID: 31486017 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01814-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The quantity of some essential and non-essential elements of wild edible mushroom samples collected from Tunceli Province of Turkey was determined by using flame and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer after microwave digestion. The method accuracy was corrected using standard reference material (NIST SRM 1547-Peach Leaves). The essential element concentrations of analyzed mushroom samples were determined in the range of 0.036-0.563 mg kg-1 for calcium, 1.28-2.55 mg kg-1 for magnesium, 0.054-0.188 mg kg-1 for sodium, 1.00-4.57 mg kg-1 for copper, 212-480 mg kg-1 for iron, and 75-151 mg kg-1 for zinc but cobalt and chromium were not detected. Based on results, there were statistically significant differences between the element contents of analyzed mushroom species. Consequently, according to this study results, the weekly intake and target hazard quotient values of the elements show that the consumption of these mushrooms does not threaten human health. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hevidar Alp
- Munzur University, Tuncli Vocational School, Department of Food Process, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey.
- Munzur University Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey.
| | - Muharrem Ince
- Munzur University Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
- Munzur University, Tunceli Vocation School, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processes, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Olcay Kaplan Ince
- Munzur University Rare Earth Elements Application and Research Center, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
- Munzur University, Faculty of Fine Arts, Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, 62000, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Ali Onal
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İstanbul, Turkey
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In Vitro Cholesterol Esterase Inhibitory Activity of Some Purified Phenolic Acids From Agaricus bisporus: An Investigation of Cardioprotective Properties. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.84839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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50
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Bitter orange oil incorporated into chitosan nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization and their potential application on antioxidant and antimicrobial characteristics of white button mushroom. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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