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Hashim KN, Chin KY, Ahmad F. The Mechanism of Kelulut Honey in Reversing Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062790. [PMID: 36985762 PMCID: PMC10056699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is composed of central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension that increase an individual's tendency to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Kelulut honey (KH) produced by stingless bee species has a rich phenolic profile. Recent studies have demonstrated that KH could suppress components of MetS, but its mechanisms of action are unknown. A total of 18 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control rats (C group) (n = 6), MetS rats fed with a high carbohydrate high fat (HCHF) diet (HCHF group) (n = 6), and MetS rats fed with HCHF diet and treated with KH (HCHF + KH group) (n = 6). The HCHF + KH group received 1.0 g/kg/day KH via oral gavage from week 9 to 16 after HCHF diet initiation. Compared to the C group, the MetS group experienced a significant increase in body weight, body mass index, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum triglyceride (TG) and leptin, as well as the area and perimeter of adipocyte cells at the end of the study. The MetS group also experienced a significant decrease in serum HDL levels versus the C group. KH supplementation reversed the changes in serum TG, HDL, leptin, adiponectin and corticosterone levels, SBP, DBP, as well as adipose tissue 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1) level, area and perimeter at the end of the study. In addition, histological observations also showed that KH administration reduced fat deposition within hepatocytes, and prevented deterioration of pancreatic islet and renal glomerulus. In conclusion, KH is effective in preventing MetS by suppressing leptin, corticosterone and 11βHSD1 levels while elevating adiponectin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairun-Nisa Hashim
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Fairus Ahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Honey proteins regulate oxidative stress, inflammation and ameliorates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:14. [PMID: 36653816 PMCID: PMC9847130 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM) poses a serious health problem worldwide and several inflammatory mediators are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. Honey composed of various constituents which have been proven to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of Ziziphus honey and its isolated crude proteins in modulation of immune system and inflammation involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. METHODOLOGY The proteins from Ziziphus honey were isolated by ammonium sulfate precipitation and estimated by Bradford method. In vitro anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from phagocytes via chemiluminescence immunoassay and nitric oxide (NO) by Griess method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT Assay. The comparative effect of oral and IP routes of honey and isolated proteins was observed in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic male Wistar rats. qRT-PCR technique was utilized for gene expression studies. RESULTS The honey proteins suppressed phagocyte oxidative burst and nitric oxide (NO) at significantly lower concentrations as compared to crude honey. The isolated proteins showed promising anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic effects along with maintenance of body weight of rodents via both oral and IP routes, with significant down-regulation of inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, iNOS, caspase 1, Calgranulin A (S100A8) and NF-κB expression in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION The isolated honey proteins showed better immunomodulatory and therapeutic potential at significantly lower doses as compared to crude honey.
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Ahmed A, Tul-Noor Z, Lee D, Bajwah S, Ahmed Z, Zafar S, Syeda M, Jamil F, Qureshi F, Zia F, Baig R, Ahmed S, Tayyiba M, Ahmad S, Ramdath D, Tsao R, Cui S, Kendall CWC, de Souza RJ, Khan TA, Sievenpiper JL. Effect of honey on cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2022:6827512. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Excess calories from free sugars are implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Honey is a free sugar but is generally regarded as healthy.
Objective
The effect of honey on cardiometabolic risk factors was assessed via a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.
Data Sources
MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched up to January 4, 2021, for controlled trials ≥1 week in duration that assessed the effect of oral honey intake on adiposity, glycemic control, lipids, blood pressure, uric acid, inflammatory markers, and markers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Data Extraction
Independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Data were pooled using the inverse variance method and expressed as mean differences (MDs) with 95%CIs. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE.
Data Analysis
A total of 18 controlled trials (33 trial comparisons, N = 1105 participants) were included. Overall, honey reduced fasting glucose (MD = −0.20 mmol/L, 95%CI, −0.37 to −0.04 mmol/L; low certainty of evidence), total cholesterol (MD = −0.18 mmol/L, 95%CI, −0.33 to −0.04 mmol/L; low certainty), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = −0.16 mmol/L, 95%CI, −0.30 to −0.02 mmol/L; low certainty), fasting triglycerides (MD = −0.13 mmol/L, 95%CI, −0.20 to −0.07 mmol/L; low certainty), and alanine aminotransferase (MD = −9.75 U/L, 95%CI, −18.29 to −1.21 U/L; low certainty) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = 0.07 mmol/L, 95%CI, 0.04–0.10 mmol/L; high certainty). There were significant subgroup differences by floral source and by honey processing, with robinia honey, clover honey, and raw honey showing beneficial effects on fasting glucose and total cholesterol.
Conclusion
Honey, especially robinia, clover, and unprocessed raw honey, may improve glycemic control and lipid levels when consumed within a healthy dietary pattern. More studies focusing on the floral source and the processing of honey are required to increase certainty of the evidence.
Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration number CRD42015023580.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Ahmed
- University of Toronto Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zujaja Tul-Noor
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle Lee
- University of Toronto Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shamaila Bajwah
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zara Ahmed
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shanza Zafar
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maliha Syeda
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fakeha Jamil
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faizaan Qureshi
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- York University Faculty of Science, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fatima Zia
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rumsha Baig
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saniya Ahmed
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mobushra Tayyiba
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suleman Ahmad
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dan Ramdath
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Guelph Research & Development Centre, , Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rong Tsao
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Guelph Research & Development Centre, , Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steve Cui
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Guelph Research & Development Centre, , Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cyril W C Kendall
- University of Toronto Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Saskatchewan College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Russell J de Souza
- McMaster University Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and the Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tauseef A Khan
- University of Toronto Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- University of Toronto Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition, St Michael’s Hospital Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St Michael's Hospital Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Berg A, McCarthy HD. A soy-yoghurt-honey product as a therapeutic functional food: mode of action and narrative review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zulkifli MF, Radzi MNFM, Saludes JP, Dalisay DS, Ismail WIW. Potential of Natural Honey in Controlling Obesity and its Related Complications. J Evid Based Integr Med 2022; 27:2515690X221103304. [PMID: 36263596 PMCID: PMC9585569 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x221103304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey has a long history of therapeutic properties for multiple diseases, including inflammation and oxidative stress. This review aimed to provide a better understanding and renewed interest in the potential role of honey in obesity control, obesity-related diseases treatment and weight management, with specific reference to its components and the effect of honey overall. There is compelling evidence that honey possesses the desired properties for this purpose, as seen in the in vitro, in silico, in vivo and clinical analyses discussed in this review. This review also highlights the components potentially responsible for the health benefits of honey. Honey and its components reduce blood sugar levels, improve insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism by reducing triglycerides, and reduce total cholesterol and LDL levels while increasing HDL levels that prevent excessive weight gain and reduce the risk of obesity and its complications. Further controlled studies are necessary to validate the role of honey in the management of obesity, both as a preventive and as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faiz Zulkifli
- Cell Signaling and Biotechnology Research Group (CesBTech), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Naim Fadhli Mohd Radzi
- Cell Signaling and Biotechnology Research Group (CesBTech), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jonel P. Saludes
- Center for Chemical Biology & Biotechnology (C2B2) and Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, Philippines,Balik Scientist Program, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig, Philippines
| | - Doralyn S. Dalisay
- Center for Chemical Biology & Biotechnology (C2B2) and Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City, Philippines,Balik Scientist Program, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig, Philippines
| | - Wan Iryani Wan Ismail
- Cell Signaling and Biotechnology Research Group (CesBTech), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia,Biological Security and Sustainability (BIOSES) Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia,Wan Iryani Wan Ismail, Cell Signaling and Biotechnology Research Group (CesBTech), Biological Security and Sustainability (BIOSES) Research Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Mekkaoui M, Bouidida EH, Naceiri Mrabti H, Ouaamr A, Lee LH, Bouyahya A, Cherrah Y, Alaoui K. Investigation of Chemical Compounds and Evaluation of Toxicity, Antibacterial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Three Selected Essential Oils and Their Mixtures with Moroccan Thyme Honey. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193141. [PMID: 36230218 PMCID: PMC9564067 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout history, honey has been used to treat various diseases. The present work examined and assessed the in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of Moroccan thyme honey and its association with essential oils from three selected plants: Origanum vulgare L.; Mentha spicata L.; Eucalyptus globulus L. The chemical composition of the essential oils was studied, and preliminary toxicity, in vitro anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial tests were conducted. Then the anti-inflammatory effect was determined by applying carrageenan and an experimental trauma-induced paw edema test in rats. The essential oils were rich in phytochemicals and showed significant antibacterial activity against four selected ATCC bacterial strains. The results revealed the significant anti-inflammatory potential of honey and mixtures with essential oils and indicated higher efficiency of mixtures compared to honey alone. It can be concluded that the mixtures of honey and essential oils have advantageous anti-inflammatory effects and may be used for treating different types of inflammation in humans after certain clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Mekkaoui
- Pharmacodynamics Research Team ERP, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat 554, Morocco
| | | | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat 554, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Ouaamr
- Pharmacodynamics Research Team ERP, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat 554, Morocco
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, ISPITS, Tiznit 85000, Morocco
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (L.-H.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat 554, Morocco
- Correspondence: (L.-H.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Yahya Cherrah
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat 554, Morocco
| | - Katim Alaoui
- Pharmacodynamics Research Team ERP, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat 554, Morocco
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Zheng X, Zhao Y, Naumovski N, Zhao W, Yang G, Xue X, Wu L, Granato D, Peng W, Wang K. Systems Biology Approaches for Understanding Metabolic Differences Using 'Multi-Omics' Profiling of Metabolites in Mice Fed with Honey and Mixed Sugars. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163445. [PMID: 36014951 PMCID: PMC9412287 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey is proposed to be the oldest natural sweetener and it is a standard component of several dietary patterns. Recent evidence suggests that replacing sugars, such as fructose, with honey has potential health benefits. In this study, we determined the effects of honey supplementation in mice on cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers and changes in gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles. We compared mice fed a honey diet (1 or 2 g/kg) with those fed an analog diet (mixed fructose, glucose, and sucrose (FSG) solutions) at exact dosages for one month. We found the same blood glucose fluctuating trends for honey- and FGS-fed mice. The honey diets resulted in less weight gain and fewer ballooned hepatocytes. Additionally, honey diets decreased the total serum cholesterol and TNF-α and increased the antioxidant enzyme activity. Each diet type was associated with distinct gut microbiota and metabolomics profiles. Systems biology analysis revealed that Lactococcus spp., Lachnospiraceae spp., and oleamide had the strongest correlations with lipid metabolic networks. Although in an animal model, this study provides a good understanding of the potential benefits of choosing honey rather than mixed sugars in regular dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zheng
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yazhou Zhao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- University of Canberra Health Research Institute (UCHRI), University of Canberra, Locked Bag 1, Bruce, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Wen Zhao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Guan Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xue
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Liming Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (W.P.); (K.W.)
| | - Wenjun Peng
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (W.P.); (K.W.)
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (W.P.); (K.W.)
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Terzo S, Calvi P, Nuzzo D, Picone P, Galizzi G, Caruana L, Di Carlo M, Lentini L, Puleio R, Mulè F, Amato A. Preventive Impact of Long-Term Ingestion of Chestnut Honey on Glucose Disorders and Neurodegeneration in Obese Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040756. [PMID: 35215406 PMCID: PMC8879402 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of long-term honey ingestion on metabolic disorders and neurodegeneration in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Three groups of mice were fed with a standard diet (STD), HFD or HFD supplemented with honey (HFD-H) for 16 weeks. Biochemical, histological, Western blotting, RT-PCR and Profiler PCR array were performed to assess metabolic parameters, peripheral and central insulin resistance and neurodegeneration. Daily honey intake prevented the HFD-induced glucose dysmetabolism. In fact, it reduced plasma fasting glucose, insulin and leptin concentrations and increased adiponectin levels. It improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and HOMA index without affecting plasma lipid concentration. HFD mice showed a significantly higher number of apoptotic nuclei in the superficial and deep cerebral cortex, upregulation of Fas-L, Bim and P27 (neuronal pro-apoptotic markers) and downregulation of Bcl-2 and BDNF (anti-apoptotic factors) in comparison with STD- and HFD-H mice, providing evidence for honey neuroprotective effects. PCR-array analysis showed that long-term honey intake increased the expression of genes involved in insulin sensitivity and decreased genes involved in neuroinflammation or lipogenesis, suggesting improvement of central insulin resistance. The expressions of p-AKT and p-GSK3 in HFD-H mice, which were decreased and increased, respectively, in HFD mouse brain, index of central insulin resistance, were similar to STD animals supporting the ability of regular honey intake to protect brain neurons from insulin resistance. In conclusion, the present results provide evidence for the beneficial preventative impact of regular honey ingestion on neuronal damage caused by HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Terzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.T.); (P.C.); (D.N.); (P.P.); (L.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Pasquale Calvi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.T.); (P.C.); (D.N.); (P.P.); (L.L.); (F.M.)
- Dipartmento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata (Bi.N.D.), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Nuzzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.T.); (P.C.); (D.N.); (P.P.); (L.L.); (F.M.)
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (L.C.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.T.); (P.C.); (D.N.); (P.P.); (L.L.); (F.M.)
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (L.C.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Giacoma Galizzi
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (L.C.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Luca Caruana
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (L.C.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Marta Di Carlo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (G.G.); (L.C.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Laura Lentini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.T.); (P.C.); (D.N.); (P.P.); (L.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “Adelmo Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Flavia Mulè
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.T.); (P.C.); (D.N.); (P.P.); (L.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Antonella Amato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.T.); (P.C.); (D.N.); (P.P.); (L.L.); (F.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-091-2389-7506
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9
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Nikhat S, Fazil M. History, phytochemistry, experimental pharmacology and clinical uses of honey: A comprehensive review with special reference to Unani medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114614. [PMID: 34508800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Honey is one of the most popular functional foods, speculated to be in use since the advent of human civilization. Its health-protective activity is endorsed by many religions and traditional medicines. In Unani medicine, honey is prescribed for many health conditions as wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, etc. In the present era, honey is gaining popularity over sugar for its myriad health benefits and low glycemic index. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive account of the biological activities and potential therapeutic uses of honey, with scientific evidence. METHODOLOGY In this paper, we have provided a comprehensive overview of historical uses, types, physical characteristics, bioactive constituents and pharmacological activities of honey. The information was gathered from Classical Unani textbooks and leading scientific databases. There is a plethora of information regarding various therapeutic activities of honey, and it is daunting to draw practical conclusions. Hence, in this paper, we have tried to summarize those aspects which are most relevant to clinical application. OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Many important bioactive constituents are identified in different honey types, e.g. phenolics, proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates, organic acids, etc., which exert important biological activities like anti-microbial, wound healing, immunomodulatory, anti-toxin, antioxidant, and many others. Honey has the potential to alleviate many lifestyle disorders, mitigate the adverse effects of drugs and toxins, and also provide healthy nutrition. Although conclusive clinical evidence is not available, yet honey may potentially be a safer alternative to sucrose for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Nikhat
- Dept. of Ilaj bit Tadbeer, School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mohammad Fazil
- HAK Institute for Literary and Historical Research in Unani Medicine, CCRUM, Jamia Millia Islamia Campus, New Delhi, India.
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Ara C, Yaseen F, Ali S, Shakir HA, Khan M, Andleeb S, Ramzan N. Evaluation of sex steroid hormones and reproductive irregularities in diethyl phthalate-exposed premature mice: modulatory effect of raw honey against potential anomalies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:55265-55276. [PMID: 34129163 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates, plasticizing chemicals, are top-rated environmental contaminants. Diethyl phthalate (DEP), a chief member of this family, was declared a potent endocrine disruptor and carcinogen in animals and humans. The current study was designed to explore the probable reproductive damage induced by DEP and the therapeutic efficacy of raw honey in male albino mice. Four-week-old 50 male mice were randomized equally in five groups, as control (C) received 0.1 ml distilled water; vehicle control (VC) received corn oil (0.1 ml/mouse); DEP (3mg/g/BW) dissolved in corn oil; honey control (HC) administered with honey (0.2 mg/g/day); and phthalate plus honey (P+H) administered with DEP and honey (3mg and 0.2 mg/g/BW/day respectively). Mice were treated through oral gavage for 54 days routinely, acclimatized for 6 days, and dissected. In the first instance, the antioxidant potential and total phenolic contents (TPC) of honey were analyzed through ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and Folin-Ciocalteu assay to confirm the antioxidant capacity of honey. The morphological, morphometric, histological, micrometric, sperm count, and hormonal analyses, and antioxidant capacity test in tissue homogenates were conducted by using tissues (testis, epididymis) and blood samples of mice. Mice exposed to DEP have a significant increase in body weight, LH level, and seminiferous tubule lumen diameter and decrease in the gonado-somatic index, testosterone level, sperm count, and seminiferous tubule diameter. Additionally, histopathology of testes showed interstitial space dilations, exfoliations, Leydig cell atrophy, germ cell degenerations, and spermatid retention in DEP-exposed testes sections. However, concomitant use of honey and DEP had shown a significant improvement in histopathological lesions, steroid hormone levels, and healthy sperm count. By these results, it is concluded that honey possessed antioxidant potential that can efficiently protect DEP-induced anomalies in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaman Ara
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Yaseen
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Muhammad Khan
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Andleeb
- Department of Zoology, University of Education, Bank Road Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nageena Ramzan
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Monofloral Honeys as a Potential Source of Natural Antioxidants, Minerals and Medicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071023. [PMID: 34202118 PMCID: PMC8300703 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: vegetative diversity is based on different climate and geographical origins. In terms of beekeeping, herbal diversity is strongly correlated to the production of a wide variety of honey. Therefore, based on the existing plant diversity in each country, multiple honey varieties are produced with different health characteristics. While beekeeping potential and consumption preferences are reflected in products’ variety, this leads to an increase in the region’s economy and extensive export. In the last years, monofloral honey has gained interest from consumers and especially in the medicinal field due to the presence of phytochemicals which are directly linked to health benefits, wound healing, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Scope and approach: this review aims to highlight the physicochemical properties, mineral profiles and antioxidant activities of selected monofloral honeys based on their botanical and geographical origin. Moreover, this review focuses on the intercorrelation between monofloral honey’s antioxidant compounds and in vitro and in vivo activities, focusing on the apoptosis and cell proliferation inhibition in various cell lines, with a final usage of honey as a potential therapeutic product in the fight towards reducing tumor growth. Key findings and conclusions: multiple studies have demonstrated that monofloral honeys have different physicochemical structures and bioactive compounds. Useful chemical markers to distinguish between monofloral honeys were evidenced, such as: 2-methoxybenzoic acid and trimethoxybenzoic acid are distinctive to Manuka honey while 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid is characteristic to Kanuka honey. Furthermore, resveratrol, epigallocatechin and pinostrobin are markers distinct to Sage honey, whereas carvacrol and thymol are found in Ziziphus honey. Due to their polyphenolic profile, monofloral honeys have significant antioxidant activity, as well as antidiabetic, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. It was demonstrated that Pine honey decreased the MDA and TBARS levels in liver, kidney, heart and brain tissues, whereas Malicia honey reduced the low-density lipoprotein level. Consumption of Clover, Acacia and Gelam honeys reduced the weight and adiposity, as well as trygliceride levels. Furthermore, the antiproliferative effect of chrysin, a natural flavone in Acacia honey, was demonstrated in human (A375) and murine (B16-F1) melanoma cell lines, whereas caffeic acid, a phenolic compound found in Kelulut honey, proves to be significant candidate in the chemoprevention of colon cancer. Based on these features, the use of hiney in the medicinal field (apitherapy), and the widespread usage of natural product consumption, is gaining interest by each year.
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Sulistyaningsih I, Afifah DN, Juniarto AZ, Anjani G, Rustanti N. The Effect of Tempe Gembus on High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Adiponectine Levels in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 66:S51-S55. [PMID: 33612648 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.s51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome can affect the inflammatory state which results in increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP) and decreased adiponectin levels. Tempe gembus is a functional food that can reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome through the inflammatory pathway. This study applied a quasi experimental method, with a post-test only control group design. Sprague Dawley rats (n=30) were divided into 2 control groups (K- and K+) and 3 treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) which were given a 4-wk diet that included 2.5 g (P1), 5 g (P2), and 7.5 g (P3) of tempe gembus. Adiponectin and hs CRP levels were measured with ELISA. Statistical analysis was done with a one-way ANOVA test and a Kruskal Wallis test. It apprears that administering tempe gembus in these amounts can reduce the hs CRP levels (p=0.037) and increase adiponectin levels in rats with metabolic syndrome (p=0.008). This research has shown that a 2.5 g of tempe gembus can have a strong effect on hs CRP and 5 g of tempe gembus have a strong effect on adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Nur Afifah
- Department of Nutrition Science, Medical Faculty, Diponegoro University
| | | | - Gemala Anjani
- Department of Nutrition Science, Medical Faculty, Diponegoro University
| | - Ninik Rustanti
- Department of Nutrition Science, Medical Faculty, Diponegoro University
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Hashim KN, Chin KY, Ahmad F. The Mechanism of Honey in Reversing Metabolic Syndrome. Molecules 2021; 26:808. [PMID: 33557218 PMCID: PMC7913905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of five risk factors comprising central obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension, which predispose a person to cardiometabolic diseases. Many studies reported the beneficial effects of honey in reversing metabolic syndrome through its antiobesity, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidaemic, and hypotensive actions. This review aims to provide an overview of the mechanism of honey in reversing metabolic syndrome. The therapeutic effects of honey largely depend on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of its polyphenol and flavonoid contents. Polyphenols, such as caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and gallic acid, are some of the phenolic acids known to have antiobesity and antihyperlipidaemic properties. They could inhibit the gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 and its target lipogenic enzyme, fatty acid synthase (FAS). Meanwhile, caffeic acid and quercetin in honey are also known to reduce body weight and fat mass. In addition, fructooligosaccharides in honey are also known to alter lipid metabolism by reducing FAS activity. The fructose and phenolic acids might contribute to the hypoglycaemic properties of honey through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B insulin signalling pathway. Honey can increase the expression of Akt and decrease the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B. Quercetin, a component of honey, can improve vasodilation by enhancing nitric oxide production via endothelial nitric oxide synthase and stimulate calcium-activated potassium channels. In conclusion, honey can be used as a functional food or adjuvant therapy to prevent and manage metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairun-Nisa Hashim
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Fairus Ahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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Mohd Ramli ES, Sukalingam K, Kamaruzzaman MA, Soelaiman IN, Pang KL, Chin KY. Direct and Indirect Effect of Honey as a Functional Food Against Metabolic Syndrome and Its Skeletal Complications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:241-256. [PMID: 33500644 PMCID: PMC7822078 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s291828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to the simultaneous presence of hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and/or visceral obesity, which predisposes a person to cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Evidence suggesting the presence of direct and indirect associations between MetS and osteoporosis is growing. Many studies have reported the beneficial effects of polyphenols in alleviating MetS in in vivo and in vitro models through their antioxidant and anti-inflammation actions. This review aims to summarize the effects of honey (based on unifloral and multi-floral nectar sources) on bone metabolism and each component of MetS. A literature search was performed using the PubMed and Scopus databases using specific search strings. Original studies related to components of MetS and bone, and the effects of honey on components of MetS and bone were included. Honey polyphenols could act synergistically in alleviating MetS by preventing oxidative damage and inflammation. Honey intake is shown to reduce blood glucose levels and prevent excessive weight gain. It also improves lipid metabolism by reducing total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein, as well as increasing high-density lipoprotein. Honey can prevent bone loss by reducing the adverse effects of MetS on bone homeostasis, apart from its direct action on the skeletal system. In conclusion, honey supplementation could be integrated into the management of MetS and MetS-induced bone loss as a preventive and adjunct therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvy Suhana Mohd Ramli
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kumeshini Sukalingam
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Amir Kamaruzzaman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ima Nirwana Soelaiman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Lun Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Bhargava N, Mor RS, Kumar K, Sharanagat VS. Advances in application of ultrasound in food processing: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 70:105293. [PMID: 32750658 PMCID: PMC7786530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Food processing plays a crucial role in coping up with the challenges against food security by reducing wastage and preventing spoilage. The ultrasound technology has revolutionized the food processing industry with its wide application in various processes, serving as a sustainable and low-cost alternative. This non-destructive technology offers several advantages such as rapid processes, enhanced process efficiency, elimination of process steps, better quality product and retention of product characteristics (texture, nutrition value, organoleptic properties), improved shelf life. This review paper summarizes the various applications of ultrasound in different unit operations (filtration, freezing, thawing, brining, sterilization/pasteurization, cutting, etc.) and specific food divisions (meat, fruits and vegetables, cereals, dairy, etc.) along with, the advantages and drawbacks of the technology. The further scope of industrial implementation of ultrasound has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Bhargava
- Dept. of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonepat, India
| | - Rahul S Mor
- Dept. of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonepat, India.
| | - Kshitiz Kumar
- Dept. of Food Processing Technology, A. D. Patel Institute of Technology, New Vidynagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vijay Singh Sharanagat
- Dept. of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonepat, India.
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Olagunju AI, Oluwajuyitan TD, Oyeleye SI. Effect of Plantain Bulb's Extract-Beverage Blend on Blood Glucose Levels, Antioxidant Status, and Carbohydrate Hydrolysing Enzymes in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 25:362-374. [PMID: 33505930 PMCID: PMC7813600 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2020.25.4.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological properties of various parts of plantain trees have directed its use in folkloric management of diabetes and other human ailments. However, little is known about plantain bulb extract (PBE) and their mechanisms of action. This study evaluated the effect of PBE-beverage blends (including 1% and 2 % cocoa powder) sweetened with honey on blood glucose levels, antioxidant status, and carbohydrate hydrolysing enzyme activities in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Animals were selected at random and distributed into 7 groups (n=7), as follows: normal control (NC), untreated diabetic rats, diabetic rats treated with acarbose (STZ-ACA), diabetic rats administered PBE (STZ- PBE), diabetic rats administered honey and PBE (STZ-HPBE), diabetic rats administered 1% cocoa powder-with HPBE blend (STZ-CHPBE-1), and diabetic rats administered 2% cocoa powder with HPBE blend (STZ-CHPBE-2). Compared with the controls, untreated diabetic rats exhibited increased blood glucose levels and hydrolysing enzyme activities, and significant decreases in the activities of antioxidant (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase) enzyme and non-enzymatic (glutathione) antioxidants. However, changes in activities were comparatively reversed in all rats administered plantain bulb formulations. CHPBE-2 was slightly more effective than CHPBE-1. Overall, both blends could serve as nutraceutical and/or functional drinks in the management of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sunday Idowu Oyeleye
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure 34002, Nigeria
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Virgen-Carrillo CA, Martínez Moreno AG, Rodríguez-Gudiño JJ, Pineda-Lozano JE. Feeding pattern, biochemical, anthropometric and histological effects of prolonged ad libitum access to sucrose, honey and glucose-fructose solutions in Wistar rats. Nutr Res Pract 2020; 15:187-202. [PMID: 33841723 PMCID: PMC8007410 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The exposure to sucrose in rats has mimic abnormalities attributed to metabolic syndrome (MetS). The effects of honey bee and "free" glucose and fructose, have not been explored in this context. The aim was to expose Wistar rodents to sucrose solution (SS), honey solution (HS) and fructose/glucose solution (GFS) at 30% to assess their effects. SUBJECTS/METHODS HS (n = 10), SS (n = 10) and GFS (n = 10) groups were formed. Solutions were ad libitum along 14-weeks. RESULTS Between solutions consumptions, honey was significantly 42% higher (P = 0.000), while similar consumption was observed among GFS and SS. The feeding pattern of HS consumption was irregular along experiment; while the food intake pattern showed the similar trend among groups along time. Non statistical differences were obtained in any biochemical and anthropometric measure, however, a higher concentration of leptin (721 ± 507 pg/mL), lower concentration of total cholesterol (TC; 48.87 ± 2.41 mg/100 mL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL; 16.47 ± 6.55 mg/100 mL) and triglycerides (82.37 ± 32.77 mg/100 mL) was obtained in SS group. For anthropometric values, HS showed less total adipose tissue (AT; average 26 vs. 31-33 g) and adiposity index (average 6.11 vs. 7.6). Due to sugar-sweetened beverages consumption increases the risk for the development of chronic diseases; correlations between fluid intake and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed. A moderate correlation was obtained in groups with the weight of total AT and solution intake; for the weight gain in GFS group and for triglycerides in HS and GFS. The highest hepatic tissue damage was observed in SS group with multiple intracytoplasmic vacuoles, atypia changes, moderate pleomorphism and hepatocellular necrosis. CONCLUSIONS In spite of the significantly higher consumption of HS, biochemical, anthropometrical and histological effects were not remarkably different in comparision to other sweeteners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Alejandrina Virgen-Carrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Z.C. 49000, City Guzmán, Municipio de Zapotlán el Grande, Jalisco, México
| | - Alma Gabriela Martínez Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Z.C. 49000, City Guzmán, Municipio de Zapotlán el Grande, Jalisco, México
| | - Juan José Rodríguez-Gudiño
- Laboratorio de Morfología, Sección de Histopatología, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Z.C. 49000, City Guzmán, Municipio de Zapotlán el Grande, Jalisco, México
| | - Jessica Elizabeth Pineda-Lozano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Z.C. 49000, City Guzmán, Municipio de Zapotlán el Grande, Jalisco, México
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Sharma R, Martins N, Chaudhary A, Garg N, Sharma V, Kuca K, Nepovimova E, Tuli HS, Bishayee A, Chaudhary A, Prajapati PK. Adjunct use of honey in diabetes mellitus: A consensus or conundrum? Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gohar A, Shakeel M, Atkinson RL, Haleem DJ. Potential mechanisms of improvement in body weight, metabolic profile, and liver metabolism by honey in rats on a high fat diet. PHARMANUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Behl T, Bungau S, Kumar K, Zengin G, Khan F, Kumar A, Kaur R, Venkatachalam T, Tit DM, Vesa CM, Barsan G, Mosteanu DE. Pleotropic Effects of Polyphenols in Cardiovascular System. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110714. [PMID: 34321158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological and clinical studies demonstrate the beneficial effects of naturally occurring, polyphenol supplementations, on cardiovascular system. The present review emphasizes on the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disorders (involving heart and blood vessels), and overview of preclinical and clinical trials on polyphenols for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The review collaborates PUBMED, Google Scholar and Research gate databases, which were explored using keywords and their combinations such as polyphenols, cardiovascular disease, flavonoids, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk factors and several others, to create an eclectic manuscript. The potency and efficacy of these polyphenols are mainly depending upon the amount of consumption and bioavailability. Recent data showed that polyphenols also exert beneficial actions on vascular system by blocking platelet aggregation and oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), ameliorating endothelial dysfunction, reducing blood pressure, improving antioxidant defenses and alleviating inflammatory responses. Several studies evidently support the cardioprotective actions mediated by polyphenols, however, some studies or long-term follow-up of human studies, did not demonstrate decisive outcomes because of variations in dose regimen and lack of appropriate controls. Therefore, more data is required to explore the therapeutic benefits of bioactive compounds as a preventive therapy for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 1 Decembrie Sq., Oradea, Romania.
| | - Keshav Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Fazlullah Khan
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Rajwinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 1 Decembrie Sq., Oradea, Romania
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 1 Decembrie Sq., Oradea, Romania
| | - Ghita Barsan
- "Nicolae Balcescu" Land Force Academy, Sibiu, Romania
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Differential Effects of Chronic Ingestion of Refined Sugars versus Natural Sweeteners on Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis in a Rat Model of Diet-Induced Obesity. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082292. [PMID: 32751772 PMCID: PMC7469035 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While the detrimental effect of refined sugars on health has been the subject of many investigations, little is known about the long-term impact of natural sweeteners on metabolic disorders. In this study we compared the metabolic responses to chronic ingestion of refined sugars compared to various natural sweeteners in diet-induced obese rats. Wistar rats were fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) for 8 weeks and daily gavaged with a solution containing 1 g of total carbohydrates from refined sugar (sucrose or fructose) or six different natural sugar sources, followed by assessment of glucose homeostasis, hepatic lipid accumulation, and inflammation. While glucose tolerance was similar following treatments with refined and natural sugars, lowered glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia was observed with fructose. Consumption of fructose and all-natural sweeteners but not corn syrup were associated with lower insulin resistance as revealed by reduced fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to sucrose treatment of HFHS-fed rats. All-natural sweeteners and fructose induced similar liver lipid accumulation as sucrose. Nevertheless, maple syrup, molasses, agave syrup, and corn syrup as well as fructose further reduced hepatic IL-1β levels compared to sucrose treatment. We conclude that natural sweeteners and especially maple syrup, molasses, and agave syrup attenuate the development of insulin resistance and hepatic inflammation compared to sucrose in diet-induced obese rats, suggesting that consumption of those natural sweeteners is a less harmful alternative to sucrose in the context of obesity.
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Adverse effects of honey on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled cross-over trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:373-380. [PMID: 32550188 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Due to phenolic and fructose content, honey may be a suitable sweetener for patients with type 2 diabetes. However, its effect on oxidative and inflammatory status of diabetes patients is not clear. We aimed to investigate the effect of natural honey on some of oxidative, inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory markers of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods In a randomized controlled cross-over trial, 43 patients with type 2 diabetes were allocated to isocaloric conditions with either dietary recommendations (control) or natural honey (50 g/day) plus dietary recommendations (honey) for 8 weeks with one month washout period in between. Serum lipids, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and adiponectin levels were measured at baseline and the end of each sequence. Results Malondialdehyde (10.9%, P = 0.01), hs-C reactive protein (10.6%, P = 0.003), and adiponectin (7.1%, P < 0.001) concentrations significantly decreased in honey condition. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (16.8%, P < 0.001) significantly decreased in control and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) significantly increased in both conditions. Between-group differences were only statistically significant for adiponectin (P = 0.005) and LDL-C (P = 0.005). Conclusions Consumption of 50 g/day honey had adverse effects on LDL-C and adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Honey may need to be consumed with caution in type 2 diabetes patients.
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Natsir R, Usman AN, Ardyansyah BD, Fendi F. Propolis and honey trigona decrease leptin levels of central obesity patients. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Atangwho IJ, Ibeneme CE, Egbung GE, Ibeneme E, Eno MA, Nwankpa P. Effect of long-term feeding of the Obudu natural honey and table sugar-sweetened diets on obesity and pro-inflammatory biomarkers in rats. BMC Nutr 2020; 6:3. [PMID: 32153977 PMCID: PMC7050836 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-019-0327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated long-term effect of the Obudu honey on selected biomarkers of energy storage regulation, compared to table sugar. Methods Fifty Wistar rats assigned to 5 groups of 10 rats each, were fed rat chow only (NC), 8% table sugar (S8%), 16% table sugar (S16%), 10% honey (H10%) and 20% honey (H20%) diets respectively, for 29 weeks. On dry weight basis, the percentages of table sugar and honey for each level of incorporation were equivalent. Diet intake, body weights and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured fortnightly. At the end of the study, serum glucose, insulin, leptin and tissue necrosis factor - α (TNF-α), wet weight of white adipose tissues (WAT) were measured. Results After an initial adjustment to the diets, there was no significant difference in diet consumed by female and male subgroups, except the female group fed H20% which was consistently lower than the NC and the corresponding S16% fed group (P < 0.05). Both honey and sugar incorporated diets caused significant body weight gain in the female animals compared to NC; an effect which was higher with the honey than sugar, and depended on the level of each sweetener used as well as feeding duration (P < 0.05). Furthermore, S8% and S16% diets increased leptin concentration in the female rats, by 35.8 and 45.3% respectively compared with NC and by 63.8 and 40.5% compared to H10% and H20% respectively (P < 0.05). Also, the S8% and S16% diets significantly increased serum insulin in the female subgroups compared to the corresponding honey-sweetened diets; and in both male and female rats when compared to NC (P < 0.05). Lastly, the S8% and S16% diets also caused a dose-dependent increase of TNF-α in both female and male rats compared to the H10% and H20% diets and the control (P < 0.05). Conclusion Data obtained from the study associated table sugar with obesigenic and inflammatory mechanisms more than the Obudu honey, particularly in the females. However, the data did not exempt the honey from obesigenic effect. The effects were subtle and may require a longer time to precipitate obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Item Justin Atangwho
- 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B., 1115 Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Chidimma Emmanuel Ibeneme
- 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B., 1115 Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Godwin Eneji Egbung
- 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B., 1115 Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Ibeneme
- 2Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P. M. B., 1115 Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Margaret Akpan Eno
- 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B., 1115 Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Promise Nwankpa
- 3Department of Medical Biochemistry, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria
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Al-Tamimi AM, Petrisko M, Hong MY, Rezende L, Clayton ZS, Kern M. Honey does not adversely impact blood lipids of adult men and women: a randomized cross-over trial. Nutr Res 2020; 74:87-95. [PMID: 31958656 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of added sugars in the US is estimated to be approximately 1.5 times recommended levels and has been linked to increased risk for developing chronic diseases. We hypothesized that relative to sugar, honey would reduce energy intake and improve serum lipid profiles. To test this, we assessed the short-term (1-week) and relatively long-term (1-month) effects of honey versus sucrose on changes in dietary intake and serum lipid concentrations. Thirty-seven apparently healthy subjects (21 males; 16 females) aged 24-57 years (BMI = 17.6-37.2 kg/m2) completed two 4-week trials in a randomized, cross-over design separated by ≥4-week washout. During each trial, subjects consumed either clover honey or sucrose providing 1.2 g/kg/day of carbohydrate under free-living conditions with instructions to avoid changing their habitual food intake. Serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations were elevated (P < .05) after 1 week for both trials but only remained elevated (P < .05) at the 4-week time-point during sucrose consumption. The elevation after 1 week during the honey trial was concurrent with a transient increase (P < .05) in body weight. No effects on serum concentrations of insulin, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, or high density lipoprotein-cholesterol were detected for either trial. Subjects consumed significantly less energy (P < .05), carbohydrate (P < .005), sugars (P < .05), and saturated fat (P < .05) during the honey trial. These data suggest that honey may serve as a favorable substitute for sucrose with regard to reduced energy intake, carbohydrate and sugars, without negatively influencing serum lipid concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Mb Al-Tamimi
- San Diego State University, Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182.
| | - Mayumi Petrisko
- San Diego State University, Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182.
| | - Mee Young Hong
- San Diego State University, Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182.
| | - Lauren Rezende
- San Diego State University, Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182.
| | - Zachary S Clayton
- San Diego State University, Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182
| | - Mark Kern
- San Diego State University, Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182.
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Aditi P, Srivastava S, Pandey H, Tripathi YB. Toxicity profile of honey and ghee, when taken together in equal ratio. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:624-636. [PMID: 32455119 PMCID: PMC7235625 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey and ghee in equal ratio has always been found as an incompatible diet, if taken for long duration: mention in Charak Samhita. This has been proven by many biochemical parameters including liver function test, renal function test, oxidative stress tests, incretin hormones, DPP-4 enzyme activity as well as some protein modification test like amadori test, albumin cobalt binding assay and advanced glycation end product formation test. The liver tissue morphology alternation and inflammatory cell infiltration has been validated through H&E and immunohistochemistry.
Honey and ghee are an essential component of our diet. They play an important role like anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, etc. It is written in Charak Samhita that an equal mixture of honey and ghee turn into a harmful component for health. This study was designed to explore the mechanism of toxicity through the biochemical and histological parameters in Charles foster rats (24 rats were used). We have divided these rats into four groups (n = 6) - normal, honey (0.7 ml/100 g bw), ghee (0.7 ml/100 g bw), and honey + ghee (1:1) (1.5 ml/100 g bw). Treatment was given orally for 60 days. All rats were sacrificed on 61 days. Biochemical parameters like liver function test, kidney function test, Oxidative stress, Glycemic, and some protein modification parameters were done in blood plasma. We found weight loss, hair loss, red patches on ear, and increased liver function test, oxidative stress, Amadori product formation, advanced glycation end-product formation, dipeptidyl protease (DPP-4) and decreased incretins (glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)) in honey + ghee group. H&E and immunohistochemistry results showed mild inflammation in liver tissue but no changes in the kidney, intestine and, pancreas. Thus it concluded that the increased formation of Amadori product, DPP-4 activity and low incretins (GLP-1, GIP) activity resulting high postprandial hyperglycemic response could be collectively responsible for oxidative stress-mediated toxicity of honey and ghee in the equal mixture.
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The Beneficial Effects of Stingless Bee Honey from Heterotrigona itama against Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diet. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16244987. [PMID: 31817937 PMCID: PMC6950152 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of conditions including central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension that increases the risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Kelulut honey (KH) produced by stingless honey bees has stronger antioxidant properties compared to other honey types and may be a functional food against MetS. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of KH in preventing metabolic changes in rats with MetS induced by high-carbohydrate and high-fat (HCHF) diet. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the control (C), HCHF diet-induced MetS (S), and MetS supplemented with KH (K) groups. The K group was given KH (1 g/kg/day) for eight weeks. Compared to the control, the S group had significant higher omental fat mass, serum triglyceride, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressures, adipocyte area, and adipocyte perimeter (p < 0.05). KH supplementation significantly prevented these MetS-induced changes at week 16 (p < 0.05). Several compounds, including 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid, coumaric and caffeic acids, had been detected via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis that might contribute to the reversal of these changes. The beneficial effects of KH against MetS-induced rats provide the basis for future KH research to investigate its potential use in humans and its molecular mechanisms in alleviating the disease.
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Sahlan M, Rahmawati O, Pratami DK, Raffiudin R, Mukti RR, Hermasyah H. The Effects of stingless bee ( Tetragonula biroi) honey on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 27:2025-2030. [PMID: 32714027 PMCID: PMC7376182 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia with impaired carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism caused by defects in insulin secretion or action. Based on our previous research, stingless bee honey (SLBH) from Tetragonula biroi and T. laeviceps can inhibit alpha-glucosidase activities. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of daily oral administration of SLBH on body weight (BW) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of male rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM. Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups of six rats each. One group of normal non-diabetic rats served as a positive control. The diabetic groups were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with STZ (50 mg/kg BW) for induction of DM and divided into five equal subgroups of six animals each: an untreated group as a negative control; a group treated with 0.6 mg/kg BW of glibenclamide as a positive control and three SLBN treatment groups that had daily oral administration of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg BW, respectively, for 35 days. The results showed that SLBH significantly reduced loss of BW in diabetic rats. FBG levels in diabetic rat blood, collected from the tail, were measured using Accu-Chek test strips. The FBG levels in diabetic rats that have oral administered intake with glibenclamide and SLBH were stable. There were no changes in serum FBG levels in SLBH-treated diabetic rats for 35 days. Pancreatic histopathology results from all groups showed no abnormalities or tissue damage in either diabetic or non-diabetic rats. The results of this study show that administration of SLBH reduced BW loss or improved BW of rats with STZ-induced DM. Meanwhile, the reduction in loss of BW that occurred in diabetic rats after 35 days of SLBH administration was the result of reduced formation of fats and proteins, which are broken down into energy. Further research is needed to determine the antidiabetic effects of honey from other stingless honeybee species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Sahlan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16425, Indonesia.,Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16425, Indonesia
| | - Oktavia Rahmawati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16425, Indonesia
| | - Diah Kartika Pratami
- Lab of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pancasila, South Jakarta, DKI Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
| | - Rika Raffiudin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic & Natural Sciences, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Bogor 16880, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rino Rakhmata Mukti
- Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, and Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung , Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Heri Hermasyah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16425, Indonesia
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Nguyen HTL, Panyoyai N, Kasapis S, Pang E, Mantri N. Honey and Its Role in Relieving Multiple Facets of Atherosclerosis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11010167. [PMID: 30646548 PMCID: PMC6356546 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey, a natural sweetener has been used universally as a complete food and in complementary medicine since early antiquity. Honey contains over 180 substances, including sugars mainly fructose and glucose, water and a plethora of minor constituents such as vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals. The chemical composition of honey varies depending on floral origin, environment and geographical conditions. The sugar components dominate honey composition and they are accountable for sensory and physicochemical properties in food industry. Although present in small quantities, non-sugar components are the major contributors to the health benefits of honey. Our review summarizes and discusses composition of honey, its protective effects and possible action modes on risk factors of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Thi Lan Nguyen
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia.
- Department of ScienceVietnam Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Postharvest Technology, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam.
| | - Naksit Panyoyai
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Rajabhat Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50300, Thailand.
| | - Stefan Kasapis
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia.
| | - Edwin Pang
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia.
| | - Nitin Mantri
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia.
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Mohd Rafie AZ, Syahir A, Wan Ahmad WAN, Mustafa MZ, Mariatulqabtiah AR. Supplementation of Stingless Bee Honey from Heterotrigona itama Improves Antiobesity Parameters in High-Fat Diet Induced Obese Rat Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:6371582. [PMID: 30643535 PMCID: PMC6311284 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6371582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrigona itama is a common stingless bee species found in Southeast Asia. Studies on the health benefits of its honey are limited in comparison with other stingless bee species. This study examines the antiobesity benefits found in stingless bee honey (SBH) from H. itama. The parameters used to measure the benefits were weight change, morphological structures, and biochemical characteristics. The research was conducted by using rats that were given a high-fat diet (HFD). In total 48 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were given a formulated HFD to increase the levels of obesity, the HFD was administered with a value of 0.68 g/cm2. The duration of the treatment was six weeks, and the results show that the induction obesity using the HFD was successful. Following this, the rats were then treated with SBH (at dosages of 1000 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg), with orlistat or with a placebo. Compared with typical obesity treatment methods, the one that used the three dosages of SBH showed a higher reduction in body mass index (BMI), percentage of body weight gain, adiposity index, and relative organ weight (ROW). The levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) were also significantly lower in SBH-treated groups. The levels of triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower, while the level of HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in comparison with the control obese group. In terms of morphological structures, the number of adipocyte cells was reduced, and the hepatocytes found in the liver were less prone to rupturing when treated with SBH. In conclusion, the administration of SBH led to an improvement in indicators associated with obesity reduction. SBH also possesses a hepatoprotective potential which can reduce the health risks related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zulkifli Mohd Rafie
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amir Syahir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad
- Biomedicine Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zulkifli Mustafa
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Razak Mariatulqabtiah
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Battino M, Forbes-Hernández TY, Gasparrini M, Afrin S, Cianciosi D, Zhang J, Manna PP, Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Varela Lopez A, Quiles JL, Mezzetti B, Bompadre S, Xiao J, Giampieri F. Relevance of functional foods in the Mediterranean diet: the role of olive oil, berries and honey in the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:893-920. [PMID: 30421983 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1526165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is a well-known dietary pattern associated with longevity and improvement of life quality as it reduces the risk of the most common chronic pathologies, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), that represent the principal cause of death worldwide. One of the most characteristic foods of MedDiet is olive oil, a very complex matrix, which constitutes the main source of fats and is used in the preparation of foods, both raw as an ingredient in recipes, and in cooking. Similarly, strawberries and raspberries are tasty and powerful foods which are commonly consumed in the Mediterranean area in fresh and processed forms and have attracted the scientific and consumer attention worldwide for their beneficial properties for human health. Besides olive oil and berries, honey has lately been introduced in the MedDiet thanks to its relevant nutritional, phytochemical and antioxidant profile. It is a sweet substance that has recently been classified as a functional food. The aim of this review is to present and discuss the recent evidence, obtained from in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies, on the potential roles exerted by these foods in the prevention and progression of different types of cancer and CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Battino
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Gasparrini
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy
| | - Sadia Afrin
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy
| | - Piera P Manna
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy
| | - Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy.,b Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Vigo, Ourense Campus , Ourense , Spain
| | - Alfonso Varela Lopez
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy.,c Department of Physiology , Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ''José Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Josè L Quiles
- c Department of Physiology , Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ''José Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- d Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Stefano Bompadre
- e Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Sanità Pubblica , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- f Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Taipa , Macau , China
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Ancona , Italy
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Ab Wahab SZ, Nik Hussain NH, Zakaria R, Abdul Kadir A, Mohamed N, Tohit NM, Norhayati MN, Hassan II. Long-term effects of honey on cardiovascular parameters and anthropometric measurements of postmenopausal women. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:154-160. [PMID: 30477832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the long-term effects of Tualang Honey versus Honey Cocktail (mixture of honey, bee bread, and royal jelly) on cardiovascular markers and anthropometric measurements of postmenopausal women. METHODS We conducted a randomised, double blinded, two-armed parallel study comparing 20 g/day of Tualang Honey versus 20 g/day Honey Cocktail among postmenopausal women aged 45-65 years. The cardiovascular parameters and anthropometrics measurements were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months of the intervention. RESULTS 100 subjects were successfully randomised into the groups. There was a significant decrease in the diastolic blood pressure from 77.92 mmHg at baseline to 73.45 mmHg at 12 months (F-statistic = 2.55, p-value = 0.047) in the Tualang Honey group compared to Honey Cocktail. There was also a significant decrease in the fasting blood sugar from 6.11 mmol/L at baseline to 5.71 mmol/L at 12 months (F-statistic = 4.03, p-value = 0.021) in the Tualang Honey group compared to the Honey Cocktail group. The body mass index remained unchanged at 27 kg/m2 (F-statistic = 1.60, p-value = 0.010) throughout 12 months of the intervention in the Honey Cocktail group. CONCLUSION Subjects who received Honey Cocktail showed remarkable effects on body mass index. However, Tualang Honey supplementation showed superior effect in lowering diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood sugar compared to Honey Cocktail. Further studies are required to ascertain the underlying mechanism(s) of Tualang Honey and Honey Cocktail on each observed parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Zubaidah Ab Wahab
- Women's Health Development Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nik Hazlina Nik Hussain
- Women's Health Development Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rahimah Zakaria
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azidah Abdul Kadir
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Norazlina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noorlaili Mohd Tohit
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical Faculty, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Noor Norhayati
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Intan Idiana Hassan
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Ramli NZ, Chin KY, Zarkasi KA, Ahmad F. A Review on the Protective Effects of Honey against Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1009. [PMID: 30072671 PMCID: PMC6115915 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of diseases comprising of obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. There are numerous pre-clinical as well as human studies reporting the protective effects of honey against MetS. Honey is a nutritional food low in glycemic index. Honey intake reduces blood sugar levels and prevents excessive weight gain. It also improves lipid metabolism by reducing total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which leads to decreased risk of atherogenesis. In addition, honey enhances insulin sensitivity that further stabilizes blood glucose levels and protects the pancreas from overstimulation brought on by insulin resistance. Furthermore, antioxidative properties of honey help in reducing oxidative stress, which is one of the central mechanisms in MetS. Lastly, honey protects the vasculature from endothelial dysfunction and remodelling. Therefore, there is a strong potential for honey supplementation to be integrated into the management of MetS, both as preventive as well as adjunct therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Zuliani Ramli
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Khairul Anwar Zarkasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Fairus Ahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Kisioglu B, Nergiz-Unal R. Potential effect of maternal dietary sucrose or fructose syrup on CD36, leptin, and ghrelin-mediated fetal programming of obesity. Nutr Neurosci 2018; 23:210-220. [PMID: 29961406 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2018.1491151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The influence of HFCS (high fructose corn syrup - free fructose) and sucrose (bound fructose) on fetal appetite signals is unknown. This study aimed to determine the effects of HFCS or sucrose on the peptide-mediated appetite regulation in fetal programming of obesity. Sprague Dawley female rats were administered feed and plain water (control) or water containing maltodextrin (vehicle), sucrose, fructose, or HFCS (20%, w/v) for 12 weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation (ndams = 31; npups = 207). Maternal chow-feed consumption in the HFCS and sucrose groups and sugar-added drink consumption in the HFCS group were higher compared to the vehicle and control groups (P < 0.05). The total body fat accumulated in sucrose, fructose, and HFCS groups in dams and pups was higher than those in the vehicle and control groups (P < 0.05). The HFCS groups showed lower plasma leptin levels and higher ghrelin levels. Soluble CD36 levels in plasma and tongue samples were high in HFCS groups of dams and pups (P < 0.05). Rather than bound fructose, the free fructose from the maternal diet contributes to the programming of obesity through the disruption of leptin, ghrelin, and CD36 expression involved in appetite regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Kisioglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reyhan Nergiz-Unal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye 06100, Ankara, Turkey
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Hamidnia L, Nematy M, Salari R, Taghipour A, Motavasselian M. Comparing the efficacy of therapeutic packages in Persian Medicine with Classical Medicine in overweight patients: a randomized clinical trial. Electron Physician 2018; 10:6892-6903. [PMID: 30034656 PMCID: PMC6049971 DOI: 10.19082/6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major risk factor for many diseases. In Persian Medicine, much emphasis has been put on the balanced weight that maintains health. Therefore, the treatment of obesity is a top priority for health care in Persian and Classical Medicine. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of therapeutic packages in Persian Medicine with Classical Medicine in overweight treatment. METHODS This randomized clinical trial was conducted at Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, from August 22, 2016 to December 20, 2016. Sixty-nine overweight women with body mass index (BMI) of 27-29.9 and waist circumference more than 88 cm based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, were included in the study. To control bias in sampling, with considering that the age variable is an interventional factor in the process of effective treatment, in addition to using the random allocation method, the population were studied in three groups of 18-30 years old, 31-50 years old and >50 years old, who were classified by blocking method, and three types of treatment interventions were performed in each age group: Group A (Classical diet and orlistat), Group B (Persian diet and MDB) and Group C (classical diet and MDB). Calorie consumption was equivalent in the three groups. Blinding was done only for patients. The treatment period was three months in all three groups. Subsequently, we analyzed the effectiveness of the therapeutic packages on anthropometric index, body composition and laboratory parameters in the three groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. We used descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, paired-samples t-test, non-parametric Wilcoxon test and regression methods for the analyses of primary and secondary outcomes. RESULTS Although anthropometric index and fat mass decreased highly significantly in all three intervention groups (p<0.001), the B group led to a further decrease in BMI (Mean ± SD: 1.61±1.03), weight (Mean ± SD: 4.79±2.26), waist circumference (Mean ± SD: 4.25±0.59) and Fat mass (Mean ± SD: 3.24±2.70), compared with the other two groups. Lipid profile and FBS in groups B and C had significant decrease before and after the intervention, but Group A had no significant effect before or after the intervention. Other laboratory parameters did not change significantly before or after the treatment in the three groups. CONCLUSION In this study, Classical Medicine and Persian Medicine had the same levels of effectiveness but Persian Medicine brought a greater reduction in body weight, fat mass%, lipid profile and fasting blood glucose than Classical Medicine during the study period. So Persian Medicine can be effective in weight loss as an alternative therapy, but more studies are needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir) with the Irct ID: (IRCT 2016041927477N1). FUNDING This paper is supported by a grant from the Research Council, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liely Hamidnia
- Ph.D. Student of Persian Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Ph.D. of Clinical Nutrition, Associate Professor, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Ph.D. of Clinical Nutrition, Associate Professor, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roshanak Salari
- Ph.D. of Drug control, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Persian Pharmacy, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Taghipour
- Ph.D. of Epidemiology, Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Ph.D. of Epidemiology, Associate Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Motavasselian
- Ph.D. of Persian Medicine, Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Honey and Diabetes: The Importance of Natural Simple Sugars in Diet for Preventing and Treating Different Type of Diabetes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4757893. [PMID: 29507651 PMCID: PMC5817209 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4757893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder with multifactorial and heterogeneous etiologies. Two types of diabetes are common among humans: type 1 diabetes that occurs when the immune system attacks and destroys insulin and type 2 diabetes, the most common form, that may be caused by several factors, the most important being lifestyle, but also may be determined by different genes. Honey was used in folk medicine for a long time, but the health benefits were explained in the last decades, when the scientific world was concerned in testing and thus explaining the benefits of honey. Different studies demonstrate the hypoglycemic effect of honey, but the mechanism of this effect remains unclear. This review presents the experimental studies completed in the recent years, which support honey as a novel antidiabetic agent that might be of potential significance for the management of diabetes and its complications and also highlights the potential impacts and future perspectives on the use of honey as an antidiabetic agent.
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Bezerra MLR, de Souza EL, de Sousa JMB, Lima MDS, Alves AF, Almeida MDG, Coutinho Alves R, Veríssimo de Araújo E, Soares NL, da Silva GA, Magnani M, Aquino JDS. Effects of honey fromMimosa quadrivalvisL. (malícia) produced by theMelipona subnitidaD. (jandaíra) stingless bee on dyslipidaemic rats. Food Funct 2018; 9:4480-4492. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The supplementation with malícia honey alters the lipid metabolism, antioxidant status and intestinal health parameters of rats with diet-induced dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcos dos Santos Lima
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos
- Instituto Federal do Sertão de Pernambuco
- Petrolina
- Brazil
| | | | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
- Natal
- Brazil
| | | | | | - Naís Lira Soares
- Departamento de Nutrição
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba
- João Pessoa
- Brazil
| | | | - Marciane Magnani
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba
- João Pessoa
- Brazil
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Four-Week Consumption of Malaysian Honey Reduces Excess Weight Gain and Improves Obesity-Related Parameters in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1342150. [PMID: 28246535 PMCID: PMC5299215 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1342150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many studies revealed the potential of honey consumption in controlling obesity. However, no study has been conducted using Malaysian honey. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of two local Malaysian honey types: Gelam and Acacia honey in reducing excess weight gain and other parameters related to obesity. The quality of both honey types was determined through physicochemical analysis and contents of phenolic and flavonoid. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced to become obese using high fat diet (HFD) prior to introduction with/without honey or orlistat for four weeks. Significant reductions in excess weight gain and adiposity index were observed in rats fed with Gelam honey compared to HFD rats. Moreover, levels of plasma glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol, plasma leptin and resistin, liver enzymes, renal function test, and relative organ weight in Gelam and Acacia honey treated groups were reduced significantly when compared to rats fed with HFD only. Similar results were also displayed in rats treated with orlistat, but with hepatotoxicity effects. In conclusion, consumption of honey can be used to control obesity by regulating lipid metabolism and appears to be more effective than orlistat.
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Al Aamri ZM, Ali BH. Does honey have any salutary effect against streptozotocin - induced diabetes in rats? J Diabetes Metab Disord 2017; 16:4. [PMID: 28127544 PMCID: PMC5260029 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-016-0278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a global, growing and costly public health problem. In the literature, there are conflicting reports on the effect of consumption of bee honey on diabetes. We assessed the possible effect of a commercially available bee honey (given orally by gavage at doses of 1 g/kg/day for 4 weeks) on the blood concentrations of glucose, insulin and leptin and body weight of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. METHODS Thirty-six rats were allocated randomly into six groups equally and treated for 4 weeks as follows: Group.1: non-diabetic rats given distilled water, group.2: non-diabetic rats given honey (1 g/kg), group.3: Diabetic rats given distilled water, group.4: Diabetic rats given honey, group.5: Diabetic rats given insulin (10 IU/kg), and group.6: Diabetic rats given combination of insulin (10 IU/kg) with honey (1 g/kg). The body weight, blood glucose, insulin and leptin concentrations of each rat were measured. RESULTS Honey treatment did not significantly affect the glucose, leptin and insulin concentrations of diabetic rats. It did not significantly affect the excessive water intake or urinary output in diabetic rats when compared to the insulin-treated groups. Neither honey nor insulin improved body weight in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION Contrary to the reports of a salutary effect of honey in diabetic humans and rodents, our results showed that consumption of honey caused no significant changes in body weight, or glucose and insulin concentrations. However, further studies with different doses and durations of treatment are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakariya M. Al Aamri
- College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al - Khoud, Oman
| | - Badreldin H. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, AL-Koud, Oman
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Clemens RA, Jones JM, Kern M, Lee SY, Mayhew EJ, Slavin JL, Zivanovic S. Functionality of Sugars in Foods and Health. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2016; 15:433-470. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger A. Clemens
- USC School of Pharmacy; Intl. Center for Regulatory Science; 1540 Alcazar St., CHP 140 Los Angeles CA 90089 U.S.A
| | - Julie M. Jones
- St. Catherine Univ; 4030 Valentine Court; Arden Hills Minnesota 55112 U.S.A
| | - Mark Kern
- San Diego State Univ; School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences; 5500 Campanile Dr. San Diego CA 92182-7251 U.S.A
| | - Soo-Yeun Lee
- Univ. of Illinois at Urbana Champaign; 351 Bevier Hall MC-182, 905 S Goodwin Ave. Urbana IL 61801 U.S.A
| | - Emily J. Mayhew
- Univ. of Illinois at Urbana Champaign; 399A Bevier Hall; 905 S Goodwin Ave. Urbana IL 61801 U.S.A
| | - Joanne L. Slavin
- Univ. of Minnesota; 166 Food Science & Nutrition; 1354 Eckles Ave. Saint Paul MN 55108-1038 U.S.A
| | - Svetlana Zivanovic
- Mars Petcare; Global Applied Science and Technology; 315 Cool Springs Boulevard Franklin TN 37067 U.S.A
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Bee’s honey attenuates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-induced hepatic injury through the regulation of thioredoxin-interacting protein–NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:1465-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Whitfield P, Parry-Strong A, Walsh E, Weatherall M, Krebs JD. The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic control, weight loss and lipid parameters in type 2 diabetes: an open-label cross-over randomised controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:1123-31. [PMID: 25986159 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0926-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This randomised controlled trial assessed the acute and long-term effects of daily supplementation of kanuka honey, formulated with cinnamon, chromium and magnesium on glucose metabolism, weight and lipid parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Twelve individuals with type 2 diabetes received 53.5 g of a formulated honey and a control (non-formulated) kanuka honey in a random order for 40 days, using cross-over design. Fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, lipids and anthropometric measures were measured at baseline and end of treatment. A meal tolerance test was performed at baseline to assess acute metabolic response. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in acute glucose metabolism between treatment groups, as measured by the Matsuda index and AUC for glucose and insulin. After the 40-day intervention with honey, fasting glucose did not differ significantly between the two treatments (95 % CI -2.6 to 0.07). There was no statistically significant change in HbA1c or fasting insulin. There was a statistically significant reduction in total cholesterol by -0.29 mmol/L (95 % CI -0.57 to -0.23), LDL cholesterol by -0.29 mmol/L (95 % CI -0.57 to -0.23) and weight by -2.2 kg (95 % CI -4.2 to -0.1). There was a trend towards increased HDL and reduced systolic blood pressure in the intervention treatment. CONCLUSION The addition of cinnamon, chromium and magnesium supplementation to kanuka honey was not associated with a significant improvement in glucose metabolism or glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Use of the formulated honey was associated with a reduction in weight and improvements in lipid parameters, and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Whitfield
- Centre for Endocrine, Diabetes and Obesity Research, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Amber Parry-Strong
- Centre for Endocrine, Diabetes and Obesity Research, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Emily Walsh
- Centre for Endocrine, Diabetes and Obesity Research, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mark Weatherall
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy D Krebs
- Centre for Endocrine, Diabetes and Obesity Research, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.,Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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Al-Waili N, Salom K, Al-Ghamdi A, Ansari MJ, Al-Waili A, Al-Waili T. Honey and cardiovascular risk factors, in normal individuals and in patients with diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. J Med Food 2014; 16:1063-78. [PMID: 24328699 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, hypercholesteremia, hypertension (HTN), and obesity are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Various medications are currently in use for management of these comorbidities. Undesirable side effects are unavoidable and the ultimate and ideal goal is hardly achieved. Honey and other bee products are widely used in traditional medicine for management of many diseases. Others and the authors have found potent biological activities of these products. Honey is now reintroduced in modern medicine as part of wound and burn management. Honey has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. More studies are exploring other aspects of honey activity such as its effect on blood sugar, body weight, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, nitric oxide, proinflammatory prostaglandins, and homocysteine. Growing evidence and scientific data support the use of honey in patients with diabetes, HTN, dyslipidemia, obesity, and CVD. This review discusses clinical and preclinical studies on potential influence of honey on diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk factors, and emphasizes the importance of conducting more clinical and controlled studies.
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Hooshmand S, Holloway B, Nemoseck T, Cole S, Petrisko Y, Hong MY, Kern M. Effects of agave nectar versus sucrose on weight gain, adiposity, blood glucose, insulin, and lipid responses in mice. J Med Food 2014; 17:1017-21. [PMID: 25011004 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Agave nectar is a fructose-rich liquid sweetener derived from a plant, and is often promoted as a low glycemic alternative to refined sugar. However, little scientific research has been conducted in animals or humans to determine its metabolic and/or health effects. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of agave nectar versus sucrose on weight gain, adiposity, fasting plasma blood glucose, insulin, and lipid levels. Eighteen (n=18) male ICR mice (33.8±1.6 g) were divided into two groups (n=6 for agave nectar and n=12 for sucrose) and provided free access to one of two diets of equal energy densities differing only in a portion of the carbohydrate provided. Diets contained 20% carbohydrate (by weight of total diet) from either raw agave nectar or sucrose. Epididymal fat pads were excised, and blood was collected after 34 days. Weight gain (4.3±2.2 vs. 8.4±3.4 g), fat pad weights (0.95±0.54 vs. 1.75±0.66 g), plasma glucose (77.8±12.2 vs. 111.0±27.9 mg/dL), and insulin (0.61±0.29 vs. 1.46±0.81 ng/mL) were significantly lower (P≤.05) for agave nectar-fed mice compared to sucrose-fed mice respectively. No statistically significant differences in total cholesterol or triglycerides were detected. These results suggest that in comparison to sucrose, agave nectar may have a positive influence on weight gain and glucose control. However, more research with a larger sample of animals and/or with human subjects is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hooshmand
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University , San Diego, California, USA
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Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Ab Wahab MS. Modulation of gut microbiota in the management of metabolic disorders: the prospects and challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:4158-88. [PMID: 24608927 PMCID: PMC3975390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15034158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a number of important roles including digestion, metabolism, extraction of nutrients, synthesis of vitamins, prevention against pathogen colonization, and modulation of the immune system. Alterations or changes in composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiota have been associated with many gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Recent evidence suggests that altered composition and diversity of gut microbiota may play a role in the increased prevalence of metabolic diseases. This review article has two main objectives. First, it underscores approaches (such as probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial agents, bariatric surgery, and weight loss strategies) and their prospects in modulating the gut microbiota in the management of metabolic diseases. Second, it highlights some of the current challenges and discusses areas of future research as it relates to the gut microbiota and metabolic diseases. The prospect of modulating the gut microbiota seems promising. However, considering that research investigating the role of gut microbiota in metabolic diseases is still in its infancy, more rigorous and well-designed in vitro, animal and clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omotayo O Erejuwa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Siti A Sulaiman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd S Ab Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Wahab MSA. Honey--a novel antidiabetic agent. Int J Biol Sci 2012; 8:913-34. [PMID: 22811614 PMCID: PMC3399220 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.3697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus remains a burden worldwide in spite of the availability of numerous antidiabetic drugs. Honey is a natural substance produced by bees from nectar. Several evidence-based health benefits have been ascribed to honey in the recent years. In this review article, we highlight findings which demonstrate the beneficial or potential effects of honey in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), on the gut microbiota, in the liver, in the pancreas and how these effects could improve glycemic control and metabolic derangements. In healthy subjects or patients with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus, various studies revealed that honey reduced blood glucose or was more tolerable than most common sugars or sweeteners. Pre-clinical studies provided more convincing evidence in support of honey as a potential antidiabetic agent than clinical studies did. The not-too-impressive clinical data could mainly be attributed to poor study designs or due to the fact that the clinical studies were preliminary. Based on the key constituents of honey, the possible mechanisms of action of antidiabetic effect of honey are proposed. The paper also highlights the potential impacts and future perspectives on the use of honey as an antidiabetic agent. It makes recommendations for further clinical studies on the potential antidiabetic effect of honey. This review provides insight on the potential use of honey, especially as a complementary agent, in the management of diabetes mellitus. Hence, it is very important to have well-designed, randomized controlled clinical trials that investigate the reproducibility (or otherwise) of these experimental data in diabetic human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omotayo O Erejuwa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Ab Wahab MS. Honey: a novel antioxidant. Molecules 2012; 17:4400-23. [PMID: 22499188 PMCID: PMC6268297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17044400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, cancer and Alzheimer's disease is on the rise. These diseases, which constitute the major causes of death globally, are associated with oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is defined as an "imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, potentially leading to damage". Individuals with chronic diseases are more susceptible to oxidative stress and damage because they have elevated levels of oxidants and/or reduced antioxidants. This, therefore, necessitates supplementation with antioxidants so as to delay, prevent or remove oxidative damage. Honey is a natural substance with many medicinal effects such as antibacterial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, reproductive, antihypertensive and antioxidant effects. This review presents findings that indicate honey may ameliorate oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), liver, pancreas, kidney, reproductive organs and plasma/serum. Besides, the review highlights data that demonstrate the synergistic antioxidant effect of honey and antidiabetic drugs in the pancreas, kidney and serum of diabetic rats. These data suggest that honey, administered alone or in combination with conventional therapy, might be a novel antioxidant in the management of chronic diseases commonly associated with oxidative stress. In view of the fact that the majority of these data emanate from animal studies, there is an urgent need to investigate this antioxidant effect of honey in human subjects with chronic or degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omotayo O Erejuwa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Wahab MSA. Fructose might contribute to the hypoglycemic effect of honey. Molecules 2012; 17:1900-15. [PMID: 22337138 PMCID: PMC6268125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17021900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey is a natural substance with many medicinal properties, including antibacterial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antioxidant and antihypertensive effects. It reduces hyperglycemia in diabetic rats and humans. However, the mechanism(s) of its hypoglycemic effect remain(s) unknown. Honey comprises many constituents, making it difficult to ascertain which component(s) contribute(s) to its hypoglycemic effect. Nevertheless, available evidence indicates that honey consists of predominantly fructose and glucose. The objective of this review is to summarize findings which indicate that fructose exerts a hypoglycemic effect. The data show that glucose and fructose exert a synergistic effect in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. This synergistic effect might enhance intestinal fructose absorption and/or stimulate insulin secretion. The results indicate that fructose enhances hepatic glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis and storage via activation of hepatic glucokinase and glycogen synthase, respectively. The data also demonstrate the beneficial effects of fructose on glycemic control, glucose- and appetite-regulating hormones, body weight, food intake, oxidation of carbohydrate and energy expenditure. In view of the similarities of these effects of fructose with those of honey, the evidence may support the role of fructose in honey in mediating the hypoglycemic effect of honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omotayo O Erejuwa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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50
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Oligosaccharides might contribute to the antidiabetic effect of honey: a review of the literature. Molecules 2011; 17:248-66. [PMID: 22205091 PMCID: PMC6268503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows that honey improves glycemic control in diabetes mellitus. Besides its hypoglycemic effect, studies indicate that honey ameliorates lipid abnormalities in rats and humans with diabetes. The majority of these studies do not examine the mechanisms by which honey ameliorates glycemic and/or lipid derangements. The gut microbiota is now recognized for its ability to increase energy harvest from the diet and alter lipid metabolism of the host. Recently available data implicate a causal role of these gut microbes in the pathophysiology of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. In this review, we present some of the latest findings linking gut microbiota to pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. The review also underlines data that demonstrate the beneficial effects of oligosaccharides on various abnormalities commonly associated with these disorders. Based on the similarities of some of these findings with those of honey, together with the evidence that honey contains oligosaccharides, we hypothesize that oligosaccharides present in honey might contribute to the antidiabetic and other health-related beneficial effects of honey. We anticipate that the possibility of oligosaccharides in honey contributing to the antidiabetic and other health-related effects of honey will stimulate a renewed research interest in this field.
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