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Yang X, Zhang S, Lu J, Chen X, Zheng T, He R, Ye C, Xu J. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in skeletal diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1268019. [PMID: 38903180 PMCID: PMC11187108 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1268019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal diseases impose a considerable burden on society. The clinical and tissue-engineering therapies applied to alleviate such diseases frequently result in complications and are inadequately effective. Research has shifted from conventional therapies based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to exosomes derived from MSCs. Exosomes are natural nanocarriers of endogenous DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids and have a low immune clearance rate and good barrier penetration and allow targeted delivery of therapeutics. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes) have the characteristics of both MSCs and exosomes, and so they can have both immunosuppressive and tissue-regenerative effects. Despite advances in our knowledge of MSC-exosomes, their regulatory mechanisms and functionalities are unclear. Here we review the therapeutic potential of MSC-exosomes for skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaodian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongxin He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyi Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Wu LH, Cheng YW, Lin FL, Hsu KC, Wang MH, Yen JL, Wang TJ, Lin TE, Liu YC, Huang WJ, Hsiao G. A novel HDAC8 inhibitor H7E exerts retinoprotective effects against glaucomatous injury via ameliorating aberrant Müller glia activation and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116538. [PMID: 38579401 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is considered a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive visual field defects that may lead to blindness. Although controlling intraocular pressure (IOP) is the mainstay of glaucoma treatment, some glaucoma patients have unmet needs due to unclear pathogenic mechanisms. Recently, there has been growing evidence that neuroinflammation is a potential target for the development of novel antiglaucoma agents. In this study, we investigated the protective effects and cellular mechanisms of H7E, a novel small molecule inhibits HDAC8, using in vitro and in vivo glaucoma-like models. Importantly, H7E mitigated extracellular MMP-9 activity and MCP-1 levels in glutamate- or S100B-stimulated reactive Müller glia. In addition, H7E inhibited the upregulation of inflammation- and proliferation-related signaling pathways, particularly the ERK and JNK MAPK pathways. Under conditions of oxidative damage, H7E prevents retinal cell death and reduces extracellular glutamate released from stressed Müller glia. In a mouse model of NMDA-induced retinal degeneration, H7E alleviated functional and structural defects within the inner retina as assessed by electroretinography and optical coherence tomography. Our results demonstrated that the newly identified compound H7E protects against glaucoma damage by specifically targeting HDAC8 activity in the retina. This protective effect is attributed to the inhibition of Müller glial activation and the prevention of retinal cell death caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Huan Wu
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Wen Cheng
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Fan-Li Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Cheng Hsu
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 301 Yuantong Rd., New Taipei 235, Taiwan.
| | - Mong-Heng Wang
- Independent Scholar, 3466 Rhodes Hill Drive, Martinez, GA 30907, USA.
| | - Jing-Lun Yen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Jen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Tony Eight Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 301 Yuantong Rd., New Taipei 235, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chien Liu
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - George Hsiao
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Liu Y, Lin S, Xu Z, Wu Y, Wang G, Yang G, Cao L, Chang H, Zhou M, Jiang X. High-Performance Hydrogel-Encapsulated Engineered Exosomes for Supporting Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis and Boosting Diabetic Bone Regeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309491. [PMID: 38380490 PMCID: PMC11077675 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The regeneration of bone defects in diabetic patients still faces challenges, as the intrinsic healing process is impaired by hyperglycemia. Inspired by the discovery that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is in a state of excessive stress and dysfunction under hyperglycemia, leading to osteogenic disorder, a novel engineered exosome is proposed to modulate ER homeostasis for restoring the function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The results indicate that the constructed engineered exosomes efficiently regulate ER homeostasis and dramatically facilitate the function of MSCs in the hyperglycemic niche. Additionally, the underlying therapeutic mechanism of exosomes is elucidated. The results reveal that exosomes can directly provide recipient cells with SHP2 for the activation of mitophagy and elimination of mtROS, which is the immediate cause of ER dysfunction. To maximize the therapeutic effect of engineered exosomes, a high-performance hydrogel with self-healing, bioadhesive, and exosome-conjugating properties is applied to encapsulate the engineered exosomes for in vivo application. In vivo, evaluation in diabetic bone defect repair models demonstrates that the engineered exosomes delivering hydrogel system intensively enhance osteogenesis. These findings provide crucial insight into the design and biological mechanism of ER homeostasis-based tissue-engineering strategies for diabetic bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Liu
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Sihan Lin
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Zeqian Xu
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Yuqiong Wu
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Guangzheng Yang
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Lingyan Cao
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Haishuang Chang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision MedicineShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai200125China
| | - Mingliang Zhou
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of ProsthodonticsShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai Research Institute of StomatologyShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and MaterialsShanghai200125China
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Yue Y, Dai W, Wei Y, Cao S, Liao S, Li A, Liu P, Lin J, Zeng H. Unlocking the potential of exosomes: a breakthrough in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1377142. [PMID: 38699435 PMCID: PMC11064847 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1377142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Degenerative orthopaedic diseases pose a notable worldwide public health issue attributable to the global aging population. Conventional medical approaches, encompassing physical therapy, pharmaceutical interventions, and surgical methods, face obstacles in halting or reversing the degenerative process. In recent times, exosome-based therapy has gained widespread acceptance and popularity as an effective treatment for degenerative orthopaedic diseases. This therapeutic approach holds the potential for "cell-free" tissue regeneration. Exosomes, membranous vesicles resulting from the fusion of intracellular multivesicles with the cell membrane, are released into the extracellular matrix. Addressing challenges such as the rapid elimination of natural exosomes in vivo and the limitation of drug concentration can be effectively achieved through various strategies, including engineering modification, gene overexpression modification, and biomaterial binding. This review provides a concise overview of the source, classification, and preparation methods of exosomes, followed by an in-depth analysis of their functions and potential applications. Furthermore, the review explores various strategies for utilizing exosomes in the treatment of degenerative orthopaedic diseases, encompassing engineering modification, gene overexpression, and biomaterial binding. The primary objective is to provide a fresh viewpoint on the utilization of exosomes in addressing bone degenerative conditions and to support the practical application of exosomes in the theranosis of degenerative orthopaedic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohang Yue
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Dai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yihao Wei
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyang Cao
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Liao
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Aikang Li
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianjing Lin
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Li Z, Hou D, Tang Z, Xiong L, Yan Y. The potential role of stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of musculoskeletal system diseases. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:237-252. [PMID: 38100269 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) has shown a great progress in the regenerative medicine. EVs are rich in a variety of bioactive substances, which are important carriers of signal transmission and interactions between cells, and they play an important role in the processes of tissue repair and regeneration. Several studies have shown that stem cells-derived EVs regulate immunity, promote cell proliferation and differentiation, enhance bone and vascular regeneration, and play an increasingly important role in musculoskeletal system. This review aimed to describe the biological characteristics of stem cells-derived EVs and discuss their potential role in the therapy of musculoskeletal system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Demiao Hou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zijin Tang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Lishun Xiong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yiguo Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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Li QW, Guo RC, Wu ZM, Shen CL. Potential Use of Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2024; 30:73-84. [PMID: 37930732 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2023.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a major cause of low back pain, and several studies have evaluated the efficacy of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the treatment of IVDD. The databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception to the end of 2022 to identify studies investigating the therapeutic potential of cell-derived EVs for IVDD treatment. The following outcome measures were utilized: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Pfirrmann grading system, disc height index (DHI), histological grading, and apoptosis rate. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, including a total of 13 articles comprising 19 studies involving 218 experimental animals. Comparative analysis between normal cell-derived EVs and placebo revealed significant reductions in MRI grade, increased DHI values, decreased nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis rates, and improved tissue grades. These findings collectively demonstrate the effective inhibition of IVDD through the application of EVs derived from cells. In conclusion, this study provides an updated synthesis of evidence supporting the efficacy of EVs as a promising therapeutic approach for IVDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Wei Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ruo-Cheng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics and Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zuo-Meng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cai-Liang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics and Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Yao D, Chen E, Li Y, Wang K, Liao Z, Li M, Huang L. The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and their crosstalk in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Signal 2024; 114:110986. [PMID: 38007189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a pervasive global health issue. Roughly 40% of LBP cases are attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). While the underlying mechanisms of IVDD remain incompletely understood, it has been confirmed that apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation caused by many factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis imbalance leads to IVDD. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in these processes. The initiation of ER stress precipitates cell apoptosis, and is also related to inflammation, levels of oxidative stress, and Ca2+ homeostasis. Additionally, mitochondrial dynamics, antioxidative systems, disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis are closely associated with Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and inflammation, promoting cell apoptosis. However, numerous crosstalk exists between the ER and mitochondria, where they interact through inflammatory cytokines, signaling pathways, ROS, or key molecules such as CHOP, forming positive and negative feedback loops. Furthermore, the contact sites between the ER and mitochondria, known as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM), facilitate direct signal transduction such as Ca2+ transfer. However, the current attention towards this issue is insufficient. Therefore, this review summarizes the impacts of ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction on IVDD, along with the possibly potential crosstalk between them, aiming to unveil novel avenues for IVDD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengbo Yao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Enming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Zhuangyao Liao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China..
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Wang HS, Lin S, Yu HM. Exosome-mediated Repair of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: The Potential Role of miRNAs. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:798-808. [PMID: 37150986 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230504094233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a serious condition that manifests as low back pain, intervertebral disc protrusion, and spinal canal stenosis. At present, the main treatment methods for IVDD are surgical interventions such as discectomy, total disc replacement, and spinal fusion. However, these interventions have shown limitations, such as recurrent lumbar disc herniation after discectomy, lesions in adjacent segments, and failure of fixation. To overcome these shortcomings, researchers have been exploring stem cell transplantation therapy, such as mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation, but the treatment results are still controversial. Therefore, researchers are in search of new methods that are more efficient and have better outcomes. The exosomes from stem cells contain a variety of bioactive molecules that mediate cell interactions, and these components have been investigated for their potential therapeutic role in the repair of various tissue injuries. Recent studies have shown that MSC-derived miRNAs in exosomes and vesicles have therapeutic effects on nucleus pulposus cells, annulus fibrosus, and cartilage endplate. miRNAs play a role in many cell activities, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cytokine release, by acting on mRNA translation, and they may have immense therapeutic potential, especially when combined with stem cell therapy. This article reviews the current status of research on intervertebral disc repair, especially with regard to the latest research findings on the molecular biological mechanisms of miRNAs in MSC-derived exosomes in intervertebral disc repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hai-Ming Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
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10
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Li P, Chen Z, Meng K, Chen Y, Xu J, Xiang X, Wu X, Huang Z, Lai R, Li P, Lai Z, Ao X, Liu Z, Yang K, Bai X, Zhang Z. Discovery of Taurocholic Acid Sodium Hydrate as a Novel Repurposing Drug for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Targeting MAPK3. Orthop Surg 2024; 16:183-195. [PMID: 37933407 PMCID: PMC10782270 DOI: 10.1111/os.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nowadays, more than 90% of people over 50 years suffer from intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), but there are exist no ideal drugs. The aim of this study is to identify a new drug for IDD. METHODS An approved small molecular drug library including 2040 small molecular compounds was used here. We found that taurocholic acid sodium hydrate (NAT) could induce chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Then, an in vivo mouse model of IDD was established and the coccygeal discs transcriptome analysis and surface plasmon resonance analysis (SPR) integrated with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay (LC-MS) were performed in this study to study the therapy effect and target proteins of NAT for IDD. Micro-CT was used to evaluate the cancellous bone. The expression of osteogenic (OCN, RNX2), chondrogenic (COL2A1, SOX9), and the target related (ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2) proteins were detected. The alkaline phosphatase staining was performed to estimate osteogenic differentiation. Blood routine and blood biochemistry indexes were analyzed for the safety of NAT. RESULTS The results showed that NAT could induce chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in MSCs. Further experiments confirmed NAT could ameliorate the secondary osteoporosis and delay the development of IDD in mice. Transcriptome analysis identified 128 common genes and eight Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways for NAT. SPR-LC-MS assay detected 57 target proteins for NAT, including MAPK3 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 3), also known as ERK1 (extracellular regulated protein kinase 1). Further verification experiment confirmed that NAT significantly reduced the expression of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION NAT would induce chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of MSCs, ameliorate the secondary osteoporosis and delay the progression of IDD in mice by targeting MAPK3.Furthermore, MAPK3, especially the phosphorylation of MAPK3, would be a potential therapeutic target for IDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zesen Chen
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Keyu Meng
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yanlin Chen
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xin Xiang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiuhua Wu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiping Huang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruijun Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Peng Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhongming Lai
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiang Ao
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Kaifan Yang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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11
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Zhu S, Wang J, Suo M, Huang H, Liu X, Wang J, Li Z. Can extracellular vesicles be considered as a potential frontier in the treatment of intervertebral disc disease? Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102094. [PMID: 37863436 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
As a global public health problem, low back pain (LBP) caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) seriously affects patients' quality of life. In addition, the prevalence of IDD tends to be younger, which brings a huge burden to individuals and society economically. Current treatments do not delay or reverse the progression of IDD. The emergence of biologic therapies has brought new hope for the treatment of IDD. Among them, extracellular vesicles (EVs), as nanoscale bioactive substances that mediate cellular communication, have now produced many surprising results in the research of the treatment of IDD. This article reviews the mechanisms and roles of EVs in delaying IDD and describes the prospects and challenges of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, the People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, the People's Republic of China
| | - Junlin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, the People's Republic of China
| | - Moran Suo
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, the People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, the People's Republic of China
| | - Huagui Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, the People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, the People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, the People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, the People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzuo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, the People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, the People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, the People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, the People's Republic of China.
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12
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Xu G, Lu X, Liu S, Zhang Y, Xu S, Ma X, Xia X, Lu F, Zou F, Wang H, Song J, Jiang J. MSC-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration By Regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 Axis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2465-2480. [PMID: 37528254 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10570-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes (BMSC-exos) are a crucial means of intercellular communication and can regulate a range of biological processes by reducing inflammation, decreasing apoptosis and promoting tissue repair. The process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of a decrease in the expression of Nrf2, a critical transcription factor that resists excessive ROS. Our study demonstrated that BMSC-exos decreased ROS production by inhibiting Keap1 and promoting Nrf2 expression, attenuating the apoptosis, inflammation, and degeneration of nucelus pulposus (NP) cells. BMSC-exos promoted an increase in Nrf2 and nuclear translocation, while NF-κB expression was downregulated during this process. Additionally, the expression of antioxidative proteins was elevated after treatment with BMSC-exos. In vivo, we found more NP tissue retention in the BMSC-exos-treated group, along with more expression of Nrf2 and antioxidant-related proteins. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that BMSC-exos could restore the down-regulated antioxidant response system in degenerating NP cells by modulating the Keap1/Nrf2 axis. BMSC-exos could be used as an immediate ROS modulator in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. When BMSC-exos were uptaken by NPCs, the expression of Keap1 decreased and this led to increased expression of Nrf2. Nuclear translocation of Nrf2 then promoted the synthesis of antioxidants against ROS and inhibited NF-kB signalling. Cellular inflammation, apoptosis, and ECM-related indicators were further reduced. Together, the process of IVDD was alleviated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Siyang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shun Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaosheng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xinlei Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Feizhou Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Jianyuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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13
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Wang Y, Cheng H, Wang T, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Kang X. Oxidative stress in intervertebral disc degeneration: Molecular mechanisms, pathogenesis and treatment. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13448. [PMID: 36915968 PMCID: PMC10472537 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of labour loss and disability worldwide, and it also imposes a severe economic burden on patients and society. Among symptomatic LBP, approximately 40% is caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). IDD is the pathological basis of many spinal degenerative diseases such as disc herniation and spinal stenosis. Currently, the therapeutic approaches for IDD mainly include conservative treatment and surgical treatment, neither of which can solve the problem from the root by terminating the degenerative process of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Therefore, further exploring the pathogenic mechanisms of IDD and adopting targeted therapeutic strategies is one of the current research hotspots. Among the complex pathophysiological processes and pathogenic mechanisms of IDD, oxidative stress is considered as the main pathogenic factor. The delicate balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants is essential for maintaining the normal function and survival of IVD cells. Excessive ROS levels can cause damage to macromolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins of cells, affect normal cellular activities and functions, and ultimately lead to cell senescence or death. This review discusses the potential role of oxidative stress in IDD to further understand the pathophysiological processes and pathogenic mechanisms of IDD and provides potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidian Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Huiguang Cheng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Xin Kang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
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14
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Zhang W, Wang T, Xue Y, Zhan B, Lai Z, Huang W, Peng X, Zhou Y. Research progress of extracellular vesicles and exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1238789. [PMID: 37646039 PMCID: PMC10461809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and exosomes can significantly improve the curative effect of oxidative stress-related diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles and exosomes (MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos) are rich in bioactive molecules and have many biological regulatory functions. In this review, we describe how MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos reduce the related markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in various systemic diseases, and the molecular mechanism of MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos in treating apoptosis and vascular injury induced by oxidative stress. The results of a large number of experimental studies have shown that both local and systemic administration can effectively inhibit the oxidative stress response in diseases and promote the survival and regeneration of damaged parenchymal cells. The mRNA and miRNAs in MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos are the most important bioactive molecules in disease treatment, which can inhibit the apoptosis, necrosis and oxidative stress of lung, heart, kidney, liver, bone, skin and other cells, and promote their survive and regenerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanye Xue
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingbing Zhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zengjie Lai
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Biomedical Innovation Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Marine Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanfang Zhou
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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15
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Samanta A, Lufkin T, Kraus P. Intervertebral disc degeneration-Current therapeutic options and challenges. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1156749. [PMID: 37483952 PMCID: PMC10359191 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1156749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) is a normal part of aging. Due to the spine's declining function and the development of pain, it may affect one's physical health, mental health, and socioeconomic status. Most of the intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) therapies today focus on the symptoms of low back pain rather than the underlying etiology or mechanical function of the disc. The deteriorated disc is typically not restored by conservative or surgical therapies that largely focus on correcting symptoms and structural abnormalities. To enhance the clinical outcome and the quality of life of a patient, several therapeutic modalities have been created. In this review, we discuss genetic and environmental causes of IVDD and describe promising modern endogenous and exogenous therapeutic approaches including their applicability and relevance to the degeneration process.
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16
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Bhujel B, Oh SH, Kim CM, Yoon YJ, Kim YJ, Chung HS, Ye EA, Lee H, Kim JY. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10917. [PMID: 37446091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea, with its delicate structure, is vulnerable to damage from physical, chemical, and genetic factors. Corneal transplantation, including penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties, can restore the functions of the cornea in cases of severe damage. However, the process of corneal transplantation presents considerable obstacles, including a shortage of available donors, the risk of severe graft rejection, and potentially life-threatening complications. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has become a novel alternative approach to corneal regeneration. Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of MSCs to differentiate into different corneal cell types, such as keratocytes, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. MSCs are considered a suitable candidate for corneal regeneration because of their promising therapeutic perspective and beneficial properties. MSCs compromise unique immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory properties and secrete various growth factors, thus promoting corneal reconstruction. These effects in corneal engineering are mediated by MSCs differentiating into different lineages and paracrine action via exosomes. Early studies have proven the roles of MSC-derived exosomes in corneal regeneration by reducing inflammation, inhibiting neovascularization, and angiogenesis, and by promoting cell proliferation. This review highlights the contribution of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes, their current usage status to overcome corneal disease, and their potential to restore different corneal layers as novel therapeutic agents. It also discusses feasible future possibilities, applications, challenges, and opportunities for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Bhujel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Heon Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seok Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ah Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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Wei J, Ou Z, Tong B, Liao Z, Yang C. Engineered extracellular vesicles as therapeutics of degenerative orthopedic diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1162263. [PMID: 37362216 PMCID: PMC10289007 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1162263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative orthopedic diseases, as a global public health problem, have made serious negative impact on patients' quality of life and socio-economic burden. Traditional treatments, including chemical drugs and surgical treatments, have obvious side effects and unsatisfactory efficacy. Therefore, biological therapy has become the focus of researches on degenerative orthopedic diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), with superior properties of immunoregulatory, growth support, and drug delivery capabilities, have emerged as a new cell-free strategy for the treatment of many diseases, including degenerative orthopedic diseases. An increasing number of studies have shown that EVs can be engineered through cargo loading, surface modification, and chemical synthesis to improve efficiency, specificity, and safety. Herein, a comprehensive overview of recent advances in engineering strategies and applications of engineered EVs as well as related researches in degenerative orthopedic diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis (OP), intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), is provided. In addition, we analyze the potential and challenges of applying engineered EVs to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cao Yang
- *Correspondence: Zhiwei Liao, ; Cao Yang,
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18
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Yang G, Liu X, Jing X, Wang J, Wang H, Chen F, Wang W, Shao Y, Cui X. Astaxanthin suppresses oxidative stress and calcification in vertebral cartilage endplate via activating Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110159. [PMID: 37054647 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cartilage endplate (CEP) degeneration is an important initiating factor leading to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Astaxanthin (Ast) is a natural lipid-soluble and red-orange carotenoid which possesses various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects in multiple organisms. However, the effects and mechanism of Ast on endplate chondrocytes remain largely unknown. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects and of Ast on CEP degeneration and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was used to mimic the IVDD pathological environment. We investigated the effects of Ast on the Nrf2 signaling pathway and damage-associated events. The IVDD model was constructed by surgical resection of L4 posterior elements to explore the role of Ast in vivo. RESULTS We found that the activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway was enhanced by Ast, thus promoted mitophagy process, inhibited oxidative stress and CEP chondrocytes ferroptosis, eventually ameliorated extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, CEP calcification and endplate chondrocytes apoptosis. Knockdown of Nrf-2 using siRNA inhibited Ast induced mitophagy process and its protective effect. Moreover, Ast inhibited oxidative stimulation-induced NF-κB activity and could ameliorate the inflammation response. The results also were confirmed by experiments in vivo, Ast alleviated IVDD development and CEP calcification. CONCLUSIONS Ast could protect vertebral cartilage endplate against oxidative stress and degeneration via activating Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Our results imply that Ast may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for IVDD progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihe Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Xingzhi Jing
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Jinjin Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Heran Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Feifei Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250000, China.
| | - Yuandong Shao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China.
| | - Xingang Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China.
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19
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Choi BE, Shin S, Evans S, Singh BB, Bandyopadhyay BC. Ablation of TRPC3 disrupts Ca 2+ signaling in salivary ductal cells and promotes sialolithiasis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5772. [PMID: 37031239 PMCID: PMC10082769 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies and structural analyses of salivary stones strongly suggest a linkage between higher saliva calcium (Ca2+) and salivary stone formation, sialolithiasis; however, the process and the mechanism leading to Ca2+ overload during sialolithiasis is not well understood. Here, we show that TRPC3 null (-/-) mice presented with a reduction in Ca2+ entry and current in ductal cells with higher saliva [Ca2+] suggesting diminished transepithelial Ca2+ flux across the salivary ductal cells, leaving more Ca2+ in ductal fluid. Significantly, we found that TRPC3 was expressed in mice and human salivary ductal cells, while intraductal stones were detected in both mice (TRPC3-/-) and patient (sialolithiasis) salivary glands. To identify the mechanism, we found that TRPC3 was crucial in preventing the expression of calcification genes (BMP2/6, Runx2) in ductal cells which may be due to higher extracellular Ca2+ in SMG tissues. Similarly, inflammatory (IL6, NLRP3), fibrotic (FN1, TGFβ1) and apoptotic (Bax1/Bcl2) markers were also elevated, suggesting that the loss of TRPC3 induces genetic changes that leads to salivary gland cell death and induction of inflammatory response. Overall, ablation of TRPC3-/- leads to higher saliva [Ca2+], along with elevated detrimental gene expressions, altogether contributing to salivary gland stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bok-Eum Choi
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, 151 Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20422, USA
| | - Samuel Shin
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, 151 Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20422, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
| | - Sade Evans
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, 151 Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20422, USA
| | - Brij B Singh
- Department of Periodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Bidhan C Bandyopadhyay
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, 151 Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20422, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC, 20064, USA.
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miR-4478 Accelerates Nucleus Pulposus Cells Apoptosis Induced by Oxidative Stress by Targeting MTH1. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2023; 48:E54-E69. [PMID: 36130054 PMCID: PMC9897280 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Low back pain is the leading cause of disability in the elderly population and is strongly associated with intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD). However, the precise molecular mechanisms regulating IVDD remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the role of differentially expressed miRNAs in the pathogenesis of IVDD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed miRNA microarray datasets to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in IVDD progression and conducted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis to further confirm the differential expression of miR-4478 in nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues of patients diagnosed with IVDD. Using public databases of miRNA-mRNA interactions, we predicted the target genes of miR-4478, and subsequent flow cytometry and western blot analyses demonstrated the effect of MTH1 in H 2 O 2 -induced nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) apoptosis. Finally, miR-4478 inhibitor was injected into NP tissues of the IVDD mouse model to explore the effect of miR-4478 in vivo. RESULTS miR-4478 was upregulated in NP tissues from IVDD patients. Silencing of miR-4478 inhibits H 2 O 2 -induced NPCs apoptosis. MTH1 was identified as a target gene for miR-4478, and miR-4478 regulates H 2 O 2 -induced NPCs apoptosis by modulating MTH1. In addition, downregulation of miR-4478 alleviated IVDD in a mouse model. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study provides evidence that miR-4478 may aggravate IVDD through its target gene MTH1 by accelerating oxidative stress in NPCs and demonstrates that miR-4478 has therapeutic potential in IVDD treatment.
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Chen D, Jiang X, Zou H. hASCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p targeting TGFβR2 promotes autophagy and reduces pyroptosis to alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration. J Orthop Translat 2023; 39:163-176. [PMID: 36950198 PMCID: PMC10025964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a complex chronic disease involving nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) senescence, apoptosis, autophagy and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of human adipose tissue stem cells (hASCs)-derived exosomal miR-155-5p targeting TGFβR2 in IDD and the mechanisms involved. Then miRNA sequencing was performed, and hASCs-derived Exo (hASCs-Exo) was extracted and characterized. METHODS First, NPCs were treated with different concentrations of LPS. Then miRNA sequencing was performed, and hASCs-Exo was extracted and characterized. NPCs were treated with PBS or autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. NPCs were transfected with miR-155-5p mimic, si-TGFβR2 and negative control. Cell viability, apoptosis, ROS, caspase-1+PI, pyroptosis markers, inflammatory cytokines, autophagy markers, Aggrecan, MMP13, and Akt/mTOR pathway-related factors were measured. Bioinformatics prediction and dual-luciferase were performed to verify the binding sites of miR-155-5p to TGFβR2. Finally, we validated the role of hASCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p on IDD in vivo. RESULTS LPS promoted pyroptosis of NPCs, and inhibited autophagy and ECM synthesis. MiR-155-5p was characterized as an inflammation-related miRNA in NPCs. HASCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p inhibited pyroptosis of NPCs and promoted autophagy and ECM synthesis. After bioinformatics prediction and verification, it was found that miR-155-5p targeted TGFβR2. Moreover, miR-155-5p targeted TGFβR2 to promote autophagy and inhibit pyroptosis in NPCs. In vivo experiments revealed that hASCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p alleviated IDD in rats. CONCLUSIONS HASCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p alleviated IDD by targeting TGFβR2 to promote autophagy and reduce pyroptosis. Our study may provide a new therapeutic target for IDD. TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE HASCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p is expected to be a biomarker for clinical treatment of IDD. Our study may provide a new therapeutic target for IDD.
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22
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Zhang H, Wei Y, Ma C, Li L, Tao Z, Ren Y. [Advances in the role of extracellular vesicles in intervertebral disc degeneration]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2023; 37:208-214. [PMID: 36796818 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202210060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective To review the mechanism of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in treating intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Methods The literature about EVs was reviewed and the biological characteristics and mechanism of EVs in the treatment of IVDD were summarized. Results EVs are a kind of nano-sized vesicles with a double-layered lipid membrane structure secreted by many types of cells. EVs contain many bioactive molecules and participate in the exchange of information between cells, thus they play important roles in inflammation, oxidative stress, senescence, apoptosis, and autophagy. Moreover, EVs are found to slow down the process of IVDD by delaying the pathological progression of the nucleus pulposus, cartilage endplates, and annulus fibrosus. Conclusion EVs is expected to become a new strategy for the treatment of IVDD, but the specific mechanism remains to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China
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23
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Quan H, Zuo X, Huan Y, Wang X, Yao Z, Wang C, Ren F, Wang H, Qin H, Hu X. A systematic morphology study on the effect of high glucose on intervertebral disc endplate degeneration in mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13295. [PMID: 36816302 PMCID: PMC9932476 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the relationship between diabetes and intervertebral disc degeneration in mice and the associated underlying mechanism. Four-week-old male Kunming mice were used to model diabetes using a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin injection. After 6 months, morphological and pathological changes in L4-L6 intervertebral discs were detected by magnetic resonance imaging, micro-CT and histological staining. Immunostaining of CD31, F4/80 and CD16/32 receptors was used to detect vascular invasion and inflammatory infiltration in endplates; the exact changes were then explored by the transmission electron microscopy. The nucleus pulposus of the control and the diabetic group had a clear boundary and regular shape without collapse, while endplate calcification and chondrocyte abnormality in the diabetic group were more obvious. Immunofluorescence confirmed that compared to control, expression levels of CD31 (vascular endothelial marker) and F4/80 (monocyte/macrophage marker) in the diabetic group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), with an elevated number of F4/80 (+)/CD16/32 (+) cells (P < 0.05). The morphology of endplates was observed by transmission electron microscopy, which showed monocytes/macrophage accumulation in the endplate of the diabetic group, accompanied by increased vascular density, collagen fiber distortion and chondrocyte abnormality. In a conclusion, diabetes promotes endplate degeneration with vascular invasion, monocyte/macrophage infiltration and inflammation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Quan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Yu Huan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Xuankang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhou Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Fang Ren
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Hongyan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi China,Corresponding author.
| | - Xueyu Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China,Corresponding author.
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Ma M, Cui G, Liu Y, Tang Y, Lu X, Yue C, Zhang X. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, osteoimmunology and orthopedic diseases. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14677. [PMID: 36710868 PMCID: PMC9881470 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in tissue healing and regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation properties. MSCs exert their therapeutic effects mainly via the paracrine pathway, which involves the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs have a high drug loading capacity and can transport various molecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, that can modify the course of diverse diseases. Due to their ability to maintain the therapeutic effects of their parent cells, MSC-derived EVs have emerged as a promising, safe cell-free treatment approach for tissue regeneration. With advances in inflammation research and emergence of the field of osteoimmunology, evidence has accumulated pointing to the role of inflammatory and osteoimmunological processes in the occurrence and progression of orthopedic diseases. Several studies have shown that MSC-derived EVs participate in bone regeneration and the pathophysiology of orthopedic diseases by regulating the inflammatory environment, enhancing angiogenesis, and promoting the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application and functions of MSC-derived EVs as potential therapies against orthopedic diseases, including osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, osteoporosis and osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiao Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Guofeng Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Youwen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yanfeng Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Chen Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Lu X, Xu G, Lin Z, Zou F, Liu S, Zhang Y, Fu W, Jiang J, Ma X, Song J. Engineered exosomes enriched in netrin-1 modRNA promote axonal growth in spinal cord injury by attenuating inflammation and pyroptosis. Biomater Res 2023; 27:3. [PMID: 36647161 PMCID: PMC9843879 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) brings a heavy burden to individuals and society, and there is no effective treatment at present. Exosomes (EX) are cell secreted vesicles containing molecules such as nucleic acids and proteins, which hold promise for the treatment of SCI. Netrin-1 is an axon guidance factor that regulates neuronal growth. We investigated the effects of engineered EX enriched in netrin-1 chemically synthetic modified message RNA (modRNA) in treating SCI in an attempt to find a novel therapeutic approach for SCI. METHODS Netrin-1 modRNA was transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to obtain EX enriched with netrin-1 (EX-netrin1). We built an inflammatory model in vitro with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro to study the therapeutic effect of EX-netrin1 on SCI. For experiments in vitro, ELISA, CCK-8 assay, immunofluorescence staining, lactate dehydrogenase release experiments test, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were conducted. At the same time, we constructed a rat model of SCI. MRI, hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl staining were used to assess the extent of SCI in rats. RESULTS In vitro experiments showed that EX had no effect on the viability of oligodendrocytes and PC12 cells. EX-netrin1 could attenuate LPS-induced inflammation and pyroptosis and accelerate axonal/dentritic growth in PC12 cells/oligodendrocytes. In addition, netrin-1 could activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway upon binding to its receptor unc5b. When Unc5b and PI3K were inhibited, the effect of EX-netrin1 was weakened, which could be reversed by PI3K or mTOR activator. Our in vivo experiments indicated that EX-netrin1 could promote recovery in rats with SCI. CONCLUSION We found that EX-netrin1 regulated inflammation, pyroptosis and axon growth in SCI via the Unc5b/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which provides a new strategy for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zhidi Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Siyang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Jianyuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Xiaosheng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12, Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Guo C, Chen Y, Wang Y, Hao Y. Regulatory roles of noncoding RNAs in intervertebral disc degeneration as potential therapeutic targets (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:44. [PMID: 36569433 PMCID: PMC9764052 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the leading cause of lower back pain, which is one of the primary factors that lead to disability and pose a serious economic burden. The key pathological processes involved are extracellular matrix degradation, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation of nucleus pulposus cells. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long ncRNAs and circular RNAs, are key regulators of the aforementioned processes. ncRNAs are differentially expressed in tissues of the intervertebral disc between healthy individuals and patients and participate in the pathological progression of IDD via a complex pattern of gene regulation. However, the regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs in IDD remain unclear. The present review summarizes the latest insights into the regulatory role of ncRNAs in IDD and sheds light on potentially novel therapeutic strategies for IDD that may be implemented in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunliang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yungang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Yanke Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Yanke Hao, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16369 Jingshi Road, Lixia, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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27
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Zhang X, Hu Y, Hao D, Li T, Jia Y, Hu W, Xu Z. New strategies for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration: cell, exosome, gene, and tissue engineering. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:8031-8048. [PMID: 36505274 PMCID: PMC9730054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) generation (IVDD) has always been an important problem that cannot be ignored. Traditional therapies have many deep-rooted and intractable complications that promote their treatment mode transfer to new therapies. This article mainly summarizes the shortcomings of traditional treatment methods and analyzes the research status and future development direction of IVDD treatment. We outlined the most promising IVDD therapies, including cell, exosome, gene, and tissue engineering therapy, especially tissue engineering therapy, which runs through the whole process of other therapies. In addition, the article focuses on the cellular, animal, and preclinical challenges faced by each therapeutic approach, as well as their respective advantages and disadvantages, to provide better ideas for relieving the IVDD patients' pain through new treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong UniversityXi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yicun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong UniversityXi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong UniversityXi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhan Jia
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong UniversityXi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong UniversityXi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengwei Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong UniversityXi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
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Yang F, Liu W, Huang Y, Yang S, Shao Z, Cai X, Xiong L. Regulated cell death: Implications for intervertebral disc degeneration and therapy. J Orthop Translat 2022; 37:163-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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miR-31 from Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Alleviates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Inhibiting NFAT5 and Upregulating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:2164057. [PMID: 36311041 PMCID: PMC9615555 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2164057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored the regulatory mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) that involves miR-31 shuttled by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) and its downstream signaling molecules. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were isolated and treated with TNF-α to simulate IDD in vitro. The TNF-α-exposed NPCs were then cocultured with hBMSCs or hBMSC-EVs in vitro to detect the effects of hBMSC-EVs on NPC viability, apoptosis, and ECM degradation. Binding between miR-31 and NFAT5 was determined. A mouse model of IDD was prepared by vertebral disc puncture and injected with EVs from hBMSCs with miR-31 knockdown to discern the function of miR-31 in vivo. The results demonstrated that hBMSC-EVs delivered miR-31 into NPCs. hBMSC-EVs enhanced NPC proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis and ECM degradation, which was associated with the transfer of miR-31 into NPCs. In NPCs, miR-31 bound to the 3′UTR of NFAT5 and inhibited NFAT5 expression, leading to activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and thus promoting NPC proliferation and reducing cell apoptosis and ECM degradation. In addition, miR-31 in hBMSC-EVs alleviated the IDD in mouse models. Taken together, miR-31 in hBMSC-EVs can alleviate IDD by targeting NFAT5 and activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Urrata V, Trapani M, Franza M, Moschella F, Di Stefano AB, Toia F. Analysis of MSCs' secretome and EVs cargo: Evaluation of functions and applications. Life Sci 2022; 308:120990. [PMID: 36155182 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Urrata
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Trapani
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mara Franza
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Moschella
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Barbara Di Stefano
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesca Toia
- BIOPLAST-Laboratory of BIOlogy and Regenerative Medicine-PLASTic Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Zhang Z, Wu J, Teng C, Wang J, Yu J, Jin C, Wang L, Wu L, Lin Z, Yu Z, Lin Z. Orientin downregulating oxidative stress-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in rat nucleus pulposus cells in vitro and attenuated intervertebral disc degeneration in vivo. Apoptosis 2022; 27:1031-1048. [PMID: 36125665 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although considered as a major contributor to low back pain (LBP), intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has poor medical and surgical treatments. Various studies have revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration play a vital role in initiating and developing the progression of IVDD. Moreover, restoration of SIRT1/AMPK was confirmed to prevent IVDD and damage via maintaining ER and extracellular homeostasis. In addition, orientin (Ori) has been shown to upregulate SIRT1. However, the effect of Ori in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) is not determined. Hence, in this study we aim to explore the function of Ori in IVDD pathological model. The results demonstrate that Ori treatment in vitro increased SIRT1/AMPK in NPCs, maintained ECM and ER balance and decreased oxidative stress (OS) response. Ori rescued the disordered homeostasis stimulated by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), and its function can be inhibited by thapsigargin (TG). Compound C and EX-527, inhibitors of AMPK and SIRT1 counteracted the Ori-mediated ER stress elimination. These results confirm that Ori exerts its effects by upregulating AMPK and SIRT1. Puncture-stimulated IVDD rats were used to show that Ori attenuates the pathological development in vivo. In all, we partly unveil the underlying mechanisms of Ori in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cheng Teng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinquan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiapei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ziping Yu
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory for Virology and Immunology, Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongke Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Liao Z, Ke W, Liu H, Tong B, Wang K, Feng X, Hua W, Wang B, Song Y, Luo R, Liang H, Zhang W, Zhao K, Li S, Yang C. Vasorin-containing small extracellular vesicles retard intervertebral disc degeneration utilizing an injectable thermoresponsive delivery system. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:420. [PMID: 36123708 PMCID: PMC9484164 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the pathological reason of back pain and the therapeutic approaches are still unsatisfactory. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as the novel regenerative method for IDD. In this study, we intensively investigated the therapeutic mechanism of small EVs, and found that vasorin protein enriched in EVs promoted the proliferation and extracellular matrix anabolism of nucleus pulposus cells via the Notch1 signaling pathway. Then, we fabricated a thermoresponsive gel which composed of Pluronic F127 and decellularized extracellular matrix (FEC) for the delivery and sustained release of EVs. Besides, ex vivo and in vivo results showed that EVs embedded in FEC (EVs@FEC) ameliorate the disc degeneration efficiently and achieve better therapeutic effects than one-off EVs delivery. Collectively, these findings deepen the understanding of EVs mechanism in treating intervertebral disc degeneration, and also illustrate the promising capacity of sustained EVs release system for intervertebral disc regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wencan Ke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bide Tong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenbin Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bingjin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Rongjin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huaizhen Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kangcheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Li Z, Wu Y, Tan G, Xu Z, Xue H. Exosomes and exosomal miRNAs: A new therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:992476. [PMID: 36160436 PMCID: PMC9492865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.992476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain has been found as a major cause of global disease burden and disability. Intervertebral disc degeneration is recognized as the vital factor causing low back pain. Intervertebral disc degeneration has a complex mechanism and cannot be avoided. Traditional strategies for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration cannot meet the needs of intervertebral disc regeneration, so novel treatment methods are urgently required. Exosomes refer to extracellular vesicles that can be released by most cells, and play major roles in intercellular material transport and information transmission. MicroRNAs have been identified as essential components in exosomes, which can be selectively ingested by exosomes and delivered to receptor cells for the regulation of the physiological activities and functions of receptor cells. Existing studies have progressively focused on the role of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. The focus on this paper is placed on the changes of microenvironment during intervertebral disc degeneration and the biogenesis and mechanism of action of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs. The research results and deficiencies of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs in the regulation of apoptosis, extracellular matrix homeostasis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis in intervertebral disc degeneration are primarily investigated. The aim of this paper is to identify the latest research results, potential applications and challenges of this emerging treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medcial Unversity, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqing Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhanwang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haipeng Xue
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Haipeng Xue,
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Wu R, Li H, Sun C, Liu J, Chen D, Yu H, Huang Z, Lin S, Chen Y, Zheng Q. Exosome-based strategy for degenerative disease in orthopedics: Recent progress and perspectives. J Orthop Translat 2022; 36:8-17. [PMID: 35891923 PMCID: PMC9283806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Degenerative diseases in orthopaedics have become a significant global public health issue with the aging of the population worldwide. The traditional medical interventions, including physical therapy, pharmacological therapy and even surgery, hardly work to modify degenerative progression. Stem cell-based therapy is widely accepted to treat degenerative orthopaedic disease effectively but possesses several limitations, such as the need for strict monitoring of production and storage and the potential risks of tumorigenicity and immune rejection in clinical translation. Furthermore, the ethical issues surrounding the acquisition of embryonic stem cells are also broadly concerned. Exosome-based therapy has rapidly grown in popularity in recent years and is regarded as an ideal alternative to stem cell-based therapy, offering a promise to achieve 'cell-free' tissue regeneration. METHODS Traditionally, the native exosomes extracted from stem cells are directly injected into the injured site to promote tissue regeneration. Recently, several modified exosome-based strategies were developed to overcome the limitations of native exosomes, which include mainly exogenous molecule loading and exosome delivery through scaffolds. In this paper, a systematic review of the exosome-based strategy for degenerative disease in orthopaedics is presented. RESULTS Treatment strategies based on the native exosomes are effective but with several disadvantages such as rapid diffusion and insufficient and fluctuating functional contents. The modified exosome-based strategies can better match the requirements of the regeneration in some complex healing processes. CONCLUSION Exosome-based strategies hold promise to manage degenerative disease in orthopaedics prior to patients reaching the advanced stage of disease in the future. The timely summary and highlights offered herein could provide a research perspective to promote the development of exosome-based therapy, facilitating the clinical translation of exosomes in orthopaedics. TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE Exosome-based therapy is superior in anti-senescence and anti-inflammatory effects and possesses lower risks of tumorigenicity and immune rejection relative to stem cell-based therapy. Exosome-based therapy is regarded as an ideal alternative to stem cell-based therapy, offering a promise to achieve 'cell-free' tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Haotao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chuanwei Sun
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair Surgery and Research Department of Medical Science, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Rehabilitation Center, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Duanyong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zena Huang
- Department of General Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sien Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yuanfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
- Research Department of Medical Science, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
- Corresponding author.Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Qiujian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Huo M, Wang Y, Xiao L, Wu J, Ma Y, Zhang D, Lang X, Wang X. A tailored bioactive 3D porous poly(lactic-acid)-exosome scaffold with osteo-immunomodulatory and osteogenic differentiation properties. J Biol Eng 2022; 16:22. [PMID: 35996115 PMCID: PMC9394013 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-022-00301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a versatile and biodegradable scaffold widely used in biomedical fields to repair tissue defects. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles, which play an important role in tissue engineering in recent years. The primary focus of this study was to develop a bioactive 3D PLA scaffold using exosome-based strategy to improve its osteogenic and immunoregulatory potential. We firstly successfully isolated MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo). Morphological analysis revealed that MSC-Exo exhibits a typical cup-shaped morphology with high expression of exosomal marker CD63. MSC-Exo internalization into recipient cells were also investigated using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Porous 3D PLA scaffold coated MSC-Exo were used for immunoregulatory and osteogenic testing. Exosomes released from 3D PLA scaffold were validated in RAW264.7 and hBMSCs. The cell proliferation and live/dead assay indicated high biocompatibility for PLA-Exo scaffold. Additionally, PLA-Exo scaffold could reduce the pro-inflammatory marker expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, indicating potential immunoregulatory potential. It is also confirmed that PLA-Exo scaffold could potentiate osteogenic differentiation in the osteogenesis assay. In conclusion, our results demonstrate this bioactive 3D-printed PLA scaffolds with MSC-Exo modification holds immunoregulatory potential and favor osteogenic differentiation, thus having potential applications in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Mengjie Huo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.,Australia China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Jianmei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Yaping Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Dingmei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Xuemei Lang
- Department of Pre-hospital Emergency, Central Hospital of Chongqing University / Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China. .,School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia. .,Australia China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia.
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Ye J, Liu X. Interactions between endoplasmic reticulum stress and extracellular vesicles in multiple diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:955419. [PMID: 36032078 PMCID: PMC9402983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.955419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune responses can severely perturb endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function. As a protein-folding factory and dynamic calcium storage compartment, the ER plays a pivotal role in resisting pathogens and in the development of autoimmune diseases and various other diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, orthopedic, and liver-related diseases, metabolic disorders, etc. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in these conditions, suggesting that cells carry out some physiological functions through EVs. The formation of EVs is dependent on the ER. ER stress, as a state of protein imbalance, is both a cause and consequence of disease. ER stress promotes the transmission of pathological messages to EVs, which are delivered to target cells and lead to disease development. Moreover, EVs can transmit pathological messages to healthy cells, causing ER stress. This paper reviews the biological functions of EVs in disease, as well as the mechanisms underlying interactions between ER stress and EVs in multiple diseases. In addition, the prospects of these interactions for disease treatment are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Ye
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xuehong Liu
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xuehong Liu,
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Chen D, Lu MM, Wang JH, Ren Y, Xu LL, Cheng WX, Wang SS, Li XL, Cheng XF, Gao JG, Kalyani FS, Jin X. High-fat diet aggravates colitis via mesenteric adipose tissue derived exosome metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3838-3853. [PMID: 36157545 PMCID: PMC9367221 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i29.3838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing Crohn’s disease (CD), higher disease activity, and comparatively worse clinical outcomes.
AIM To investigate the role of mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosomes in the pathogenesis of CD aggravation in obese individuals.
METHODS First, we induced colitis in mice initiated on high-fat and normal diets and compared the severity of colitis. We then extracted and identified exosomes from mesenteric adipose tissue and determined the levels of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosomes and the colon. Next, we demonstrated an interaction between MALAT1 and the miR-15a-5p/activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) axis. Finally, we explored the effects of mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosomes extracted from mice fed a high-fat or normal diet on the severity of 2,4,6-trinitrobe-nzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis and ATF6-related endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways.
RESULTS High-fat diet was found to aggravate TNBS-induced colitis in mice. The expression of MALAT1 in mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosomes of high-fat diet-fed mice increased. The increased expression of MALAT1 in colon tissue exacerbated TNBS-induced colitis and activated the ATF6 endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. This effect was partially reversed by the reduced expression of MALAT1 and overexpression of miR-15a-5p.
CONCLUSION Mesenteric adipose tissue-derived exosome-encapsulated long noncoding RNAs MALAT1 targets the colon and aggravates TNBS-induced colitis in obese mice, which may potentially act on the miR-15a-5p/ATF6 axis and activate endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Miao-Miao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jin-Hai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yue Ren
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ling-Ling Xu
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Xin Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sai-Sai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Cheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Guo Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Farhin Shaheed Kalyani
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) may be defined as a translational discipline focused on the development of novel techniques, devices, and materials to replace or repair injured or diseased tissue and organs. The main approaches typically use cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules, either alone or in combination, to promote repair and regeneration. Although cells are required to create new functional tissue, the source of cells, either from an exogenous allogeneic or autologous source or through the recruitment of endogenous (autologous) cells, is technically challenging and risks the host rejection of new tissue. Regardless of the cell source, these approaches also require appropriate instruction for proliferation, differentiation, and in vivo spatial organization to create new functional tissue. Such instruction is supplied through the microenvironment where cells reside, environments which largely consist of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The specific components of the ECM, and broadly the extracellular space, responsible for promoting tissue regeneration and repair, are not fully understood, however extracellular vesicles (EVs) found in body fluids and solid phases of ECM have emerged as key mediators of tissue regeneration and repair. Additionally, these EVs might serve as potential cell-free tools in TERM to promote tissue repair and regeneration with minimal risk for host rejection and adverse sequelae. The past two decades have shown a substantial interest in understanding the therapeutic role of EVs and their applications in the context of TERM. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to highlight the fundamental characteristics of EVs, the current pre-clinical and clinical applications of EVs in TERM, and the future of EV-based strategies in TERM.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Intervertebral Disc Regeneration: Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137306. [PMID: 35806304 PMCID: PMC9267028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common cause of lower back pain (LBP), which burdens individuals and society as a whole. IVDD occurs as a result of aging, mechanical trauma, lifestyle factors, and certain genetic abnormalities, leads to loss of nucleus pulposus, alteration in the composition of the extracellular matrix, excessive oxidative stress, and inflammation in the intervertebral disc. Pharmacological and surgical interventions are considered a boon for the treatment of IVDD, but the effectiveness of those strategies is limited. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently emerged as a possible promising regenerative therapy for IVDD due to their paracrine effect, restoration of the degenerated cells, and capacity for differentiation into disc cells. Recent investigations have shown that the pleiotropic effect of MSCs is not related to differentiation capacity but is mediated by the secretion of soluble paracrine factors. Early studies have demonstrated that MSC-derived exosomes have therapeutic potential for treating IVDD by promoting cell proliferation, tissue regeneration, modulation of the inflammatory response, and reduced apoptosis. This paper highlights the current state of MSC-derived exosomes in the field of treatment of IVDD with further possible future developments, applications, and challenges.
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Silencing ATF3 Might Delay TBHP-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Repressing NPC Ferroptosis, Apoptosis, and ECM Degradation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4235126. [PMID: 35480873 PMCID: PMC9036167 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4235126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), being the predominant root cause of lower back pain, has led to an enormous socioeconomic burden in the world. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent nonapoptotic and nonpyroptotic programmed cell death associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IDD. Activation transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is widely reported to promote ferroptosis and apoptosis in multiple diseases, but its roles and underlying regulatory mechanism in IDD have not been identified. FAoptosis is defined as a mixed cell death consisting of ferroptosis and apoptosis. The loss- and gain-of-function experiments demonstrated that ATF3 positively regulated tert-butyl hydroperoxide- (TBHP-) induced nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) FAoptosis, ROS production, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Furthermore, silencing ATF3 ameliorated the progression of IDD in vivo, whereas its overexpression showed the opposite phenotype. Bioinformatics analysis and molecular experiments corroborated that ATF3 is a direct target of miR-874-3p, suggesting that the upregulation of ATF3 in IDD might be caused at least in part due to the downregulation of miR-874-3p in IDD, thereby relieving the inhibition of ATF3 by miR-874-3p. The findings revealed that ATF3 has the potential to be used as a promising therapeutic target against IDD.
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Widjaja G, Jalil AT, Budi HS, Abdelbasset WK, Efendi S, Suksatan W, Rita RS, Satria AP, Aravindhan S, Saleh MM, Shalaby MN, Yumashev AV. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and their exosomes application in the treatment of intervertebral disc disease: A promising frontier. Int Immunopharmacol 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Exosomes: A promising therapeutic strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration. Exp Gerontol 2022; 163:111806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Widjaja G, Jalil AT, Budi HS, Abdelbasset WK, Efendi S, Suksatan W, Rita RS, Satria AP, Aravindhan S, Saleh MM, Shalaby MN, Yumashev AV. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and their exosomes application in the treatment of intervertebral disc disease: A promising frontier. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108537. [PMID: 35101851 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Today, the application of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and their exosomes to treat degenerative diseases has received attention. Due to the characteristics of these cells, such as self-renewability, differentiative and immunomodulatory effects, their use in laboratory and clinical studies shows promising results. However, the allogeneic transplantation problems of MSCs limit the use of these cells in the clinic. Scientists propose the application of exosomes to use from the therapeutic effect of MSCs and overcome their defects. These vesicles change the target cell behaviour and transcription profile by transferring various cargo such as proteins, mi-RNAs, and lipids. One of the degenerative tissue diseases in which MSCs and their exosomes are used in their treatment is intervertebral disc disease (IDD). Different factors such as genetics, nutrition, ageing, and environmental factors play a significant role in the onset and progression of this disease. These factors affect the cellular and molecular properties of the disc, leading to tissue destruction. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) are among the most important cells involved in the pathogenesis of disc degeneration. MSCs exert their therapeutic effects by differentiating, reducing apoptosis, increasing proliferation, and decreasing senescence in NPCs. In addition, the use of MSCs and their exosomes also affects the annulus fibrosus and cartilaginous endplate cells in disc tissue and prevents disc degeneration progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunawan Widjaja
- Postgraduate Study, Universitas Krisnadwipayana, Bekasi, Indonesia; Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, 230023 Grodno, Belarus; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq
| | - Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia.
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Syahril Efendi
- Fasilkom-TI, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Rauza Sukma Rita
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
| | - Andri Praja Satria
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Samarinda 75124, Indonesia
| | - Surendar Aravindhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Marwan Mahmood Saleh
- Department of Biophysics, College of Applied Sciences, University Of Anbar, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Egypt
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Lin F, Chen W, Zhou J, Zhu J, Yao Q, Feng B, Feng X, Shi X, Pan Q, Yu J, Li L, Cao H. Mesenchymal stem cells protect against ferroptosis via exosome-mediated stabilization of SLC7A11 in acute liver injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:271. [PMID: 35347117 PMCID: PMC8960810 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04708-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted interest for their potential to alleviate liver injury. Here, the protective effect of MSCs on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) was investigated. In this study, we illustrated a novel mechanism that ferroptosis, a newly recognized form of regulated cell death, contributed to CCl4-induced ALI. Subsequently, based on the in vitro and in vivo evidence that MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) treatment achieved pathological remission and inhibited the production of lipid peroxidation, we proposed an MSC-based therapy for CCl4-induced ALI. More intriguingly, treatment with MSCs and MSC-Exo downregulated the mRNA level of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2) and lipoxygenases (LOXs) while it restored the protein level of SLC7A11 in primary hepatocytes and mouse liver, indicating that the inhibition of ferroptosis partly accounted for the protective effect of MSCs and MSC-Exo on ALI. We further revealed that MSC-Exo-induced expression of SLC7A11 protein was accompanied by increasing of CD44 and OTUB1. The aberrant expression of ubiquitinated SLC7A11 triggered by CCl4 could be rescued with OTUB1-mediated deubiquitination, thus strengthening SLC7A11 stability and thereby leading to the activation of system XC− to prevent CCl4-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis. In conclusion, we showed that MSC-Exo had a protective role against ferroptosis by maintaining SLC7A11 function, thus proposing a novel therapeutic strategy for ferroptosis-induced ALI. Schematic diagram of the protective effect of MSC-derived exosomes on maintaining SLC7A11 function during ferroptosis involved in CCl4-induced ALI. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, China
| | - Wenyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jiahang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Qigu Yao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Bing Feng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Qiaoling Pan
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou City, 310003, China. .,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Kumar AP, Aref AR, Zarrabi A, Mostafavi E. Exosomes as Promising Nanostructures in Diabetes Mellitus: From Insulin Sensitivity to Ameliorating Diabetic Complications. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1229-1253. [PMID: 35340823 PMCID: PMC8943613 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s350250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the chronic metabolic disorders that its incidence rate has shown an increase in developed and wealthy countries due to lifestyle and obesity. The treatment of DM has always been of interest, and significant effort has been made in this field. Exosomes belong to extracellular vesicles with nanosized features (30-150 nm) that are involved in cell-to-cell communication and preserving homeostasis. The function of exosomes is different based on their cargo, and they may contain lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The present review focuses on the application of exosomes in the treatment of DM; both glucose and lipid levels are significantly affected by exosomes, and these nanostructures enhance lipid metabolism and decrease its deposition. Furthermore, exosomes promote glucose metabolism and affect the level of glycolytic enzymes and glucose transporters in DM. Type I DM results from the destruction of β cells in the pancreas, and exosomes can be employed to ameliorate apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in these cells. The exosomes have dual functions in mediating insulin resistance/sensitivity, and M1 macrophage-derived exosomes inhibit insulin secretion. The exosomes may contain miRNAs, and by transferring among cells, they can regulate various molecular pathways such as AMPK, PI3K/Akt, and β-catenin to affect DM progression. Noteworthy, exosomes are present in different body fluids such as blood circulation, and they can be employed as biomarkers for the diagnosis of diabetic patients. Future studies should focus on engineering exosomes derived from sources such as mesenchymal stem cells to treat DM as a novel strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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46
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DiStefano TJ, Vaso K, Danias G, Chionuma HN, Weiser JR, Iatridis JC. Extracellular Vesicles as an Emerging Treatment Option for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Therapeutic Potential, Translational Pathways, and Regulatory Considerations. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2100596. [PMID: 34297485 PMCID: PMC8783929 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Emergent approaches in regenerative medicine look toward the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a next-generation treatment strategy for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) because of their ability to attenuate chronic inflammation, reduce apoptosis, and stimulate proliferation in a number of tissue systems. Yet, there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved EV therapeutics in the market with an indication for IVDD, which motivates this article to review the current state of the field and provide an IVD-specific framework to assess its efficacy. In this systematic review, 29 preclinical studies that investigate EVs in relation to the IVD are identified, and additionally, the regulatory approval process is reviewed in an effort to accelerate emerging EV-based therapeutics toward FDA submission and timeline-to-market. The majority of studies focus on nucleus pulposus responses to EV treatment, where the main findings show that stem cell-derived EVs can decelerate the progression of IVDD on the molecular, cellular, and organ level. The findings also highlight the importance of the EV parent cell's pathophysiological and differentiation state, which affects downstream treatment responses and therapeutic outcomes. This systematic review substantiates the use of EVs as a promising cell-free strategy to treat IVDD and enhance endogenous repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. DiStefano
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, USA
| | - Keti Vaso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York NY, USA
| | - George Danias
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, USA
| | - Henry N. Chionuma
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Weiser
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York NY, USA
| | - James C. Iatridis
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York NY, USA
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Wang D, He X, Zheng C, Wang C, Peng P, Gao C, Xu X, Ma Y, Liu M, Yang L, Luo Z. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:819139. [PMID: 35178406 PMCID: PMC8843852 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.819139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a global health issue. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of LBP. Although the explicit mechanisms underpinning IDD are unclear, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by aberrant unfolded or misfolded proteins may be involved. The accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins may result in reduced protein synthesis and promote aberrant protein degradation to recover ER function, a response termed the unfolded protein response. A growing body of literature has demonstrated the potential relationships between ER stress and the pathogenesis of IDD, indicating some promising therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the impact of ER stress on the process of IDD, as well as some potential therapeutic strategies for alleviating disc degeneration by targeting different pathways to inhibit ER stress. This review will facilitate understanding the pathogenesis and progress of IDD and highlights potential therapeutic targets for treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin He
- Pharmacy Department, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengzhe Wang
- Rehabilitation Department, Dongchangfu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Pandi Peng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chu Gao
- Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yachao Ma
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Air Force Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Immunomodulatory Effects and Potential Applications in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7538025. [PMID: 35222648 PMCID: PMC8881131 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7538025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degenerative disease is a common health problem worldwide. Administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has been widely explored in recent years. However, transplantation of MSCs is restricted by several factors. Currently, paracrine signaling is one of the main mechanisms by which MSCs play a therapeutic role in disc regeneration. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are the main paracrine products of MSCs. They show great potential as an effective alternative to MSCs and play immunomodulation roles such as anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidative stress, antiapoptosis, and antiextracellular matrix (ECM) degradation during treatment of IVDD. This review focuses on the immunomodulatory effect of MSC EVs and their potential applications.
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Exosomes-derived miR-125-5p from cartilage endplate stem cells regulates autophagy and ECM metabolism in nucleus pulposus by targeting SUV38H1. Exp Cell Res 2022; 414:113066. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Wu X, Sun W. Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Stem Cells in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:793363. [PMID: 35096823 PMCID: PMC8793284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.793363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the leading cause of low back pain related to degradation of cartilaginous tissues, mainly resulting from oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and extracellular matrix degradation. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) exist in all bodily fluids and can be produced by all types of cells. Stem cell-derived EVs (SC-EVs), which are the main paracrine components of stem cells, have gained significant attention in the field of regenerative medicine. Over the past years, accumulating evidence indicates the therapeutic and diagnostic potentials of EVs in IVDD. The main mechanisms involve the induction of regenerative phenotypes, apoptosis alleviation, and immune modulation. In addition, the efficiency of SC-EVs can be enhanced by choosing appropriate donor cells and cell phenotypes, optimizing cell culture conditions, or engineering EVs to deliver drugs and targeting molecules. Given the importance and novelty of SC-EVs, we give an overview of SC-EVs and discuss the roles of SC-EVs in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Wu
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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