1
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Eichhorn JS, Petrik J. Thetumor microenvironment'sinpancreatic cancer:Effects onimmunotherapy successandnovel strategiestoovercomethehostile environment. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 259:155370. [PMID: 38815507 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global health issue that poses a considerable burden on both patients and healthcare systems. Many different types of cancers exist that often require unique treatment approaches and therapies. A hallmark of tumor progression is the creation of an immunosuppressive environment, which poses complex challenges for current treatments. Amongst the most explored characteristics is a hypoxic environment, high interstitial pressure, and immunosuppressive cells and cytokines. Traditional cancer treatments involve radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical procedures. The advent of immunotherapies was regarded as a promising approach with hopes of greatly increasing patients' survival and outcome. Although some success is seen with various immunotherapies, the vast majority of monotherapies are unsuccessful. This review examines how various aspects of the tumor microenvironment (TME) present challenges that impede the success of immunotherapies. Subsequently, we review strategies to manipulate the TME to facilitate the success of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Sören Eichhorn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Jim Petrik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1 Canada.
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2
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Tran TQ, Grein J, Selman M, Annamalai L, Yearley JH, Blumenschein WM, Sadekova S, Chackerian AA, Phan U, Wong JC. Oncolytic virus V937 in combination with PD-1 blockade therapy to target immunologically quiescent liver and colorectal cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200807. [PMID: 38745749 PMCID: PMC11090910 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
V937 is an investigational, genetically unmodified Kuykendall strain of coxsackievirus A21, which has been evaluated in the clinic for advanced solid tumor malignancies. V937 specifically infects and lyses tumor cells that overexpress intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Intratumoral V937 as a monotherapy and in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab has shown clinical response in patients with metastatic melanoma, which overexpresses ICAM-1. Here, we investigate in preclinical studies the potential bidirectional cross-talk between hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) or colorectal carcinomas (CRC) and immune cells when treated with V937 alone or in combination with pembrolizumab. We show that while V937 treatment of tumor cell lines or organoids or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) alone induced a minimal immunological response, V937 treatment of non-contact co-cultures of tumor cell lines or CRC organoids with PBMCs led to robust production of proinflammatory cytokines and immune cell activation. In addition, both recombinant interferon-gamma and pembrolizumab increased ICAM-1 on tumor cell lines or organoids and, in turn, amplified V937-mediated oncolysis and immunogenicity. These findings provide critical mechanistic insights on the cross-talk between V937-mediated oncolysis and immune responses, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of V937 in combination with PD-1 blockade to treat immunologically quiescent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Q. Tran
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jeff Grein
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Mohammed Selman
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Jennifer H. Yearley
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Svetlana Sadekova
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Uyen Phan
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Janica C. Wong
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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3
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Mokhtarpour K, Akbarzadehmoallemkolaei M, Rezaei N. A viral attack on brain tumors: the potential of oncolytic virus therapy. J Neurovirol 2024:10.1007/s13365-024-01209-8. [PMID: 38806994 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-024-01209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Managing malignant brain tumors remains a significant therapeutic hurdle that necessitates further research to comprehend their treatment potential fully. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) offer many opportunities for predicting and combating tumors through several mechanisms, with both preclinical and clinical studies demonstrating potential. OV therapy has emerged as a potent and effective method with a dual mechanism. Developing innovative and effective strategies for virus transduction, coupled with immune checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy drugs, strengthens this new technique. Furthermore, the discovery and creation of new OVs that can seamlessly integrate gene therapy strategies, such as cytotoxic, anti-angiogenic, and immunostimulatory, are promising advancements. This review presents an overview of the latest advancements in OVs transduction for brain cancer, focusing on the safety and effectiveness of G207, G47Δ, M032, rQNestin34.5v.2, C134, DNX-2401, Ad-TD-nsIL12, NSC-CRAd-S-p7, TG6002, and PVSRIPO. These are evaluated in both preclinical and clinical models of various brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Mokhtarpour
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
| | - Milad Akbarzadehmoallemkolaei
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Gharib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 1419733151, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, 1419733151, Iran.
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Gharib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 1419733151, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417653761, Iran.
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4
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Fu R, Qi R, Xiong H, Lei X, Jiang Y, He J, Chen F, Zhang L, Qiu D, Chen Y, Nie M, Guo X, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Yue M, Cao J, Wang G, Que Y, Fang M, Wang Y, Chen Y, Cheng T, Ge S, Zhang J, Yuan Q, Zhang T, Xia N. Combination therapy with oncolytic virus and T cells or mRNA vaccine amplifies antitumor effects. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:118. [PMID: 38702343 PMCID: PMC11068743 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01824-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Antitumor therapies based on adoptively transferred T cells or oncolytic viruses have made significant progress in recent years, but the limited efficiency of their infiltration into solid tumors makes it difficult to achieve desired antitumor effects when used alone. In this study, an oncolytic virus (rVSV-LCMVG) that is not prone to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies was designed and combined with adoptively transferred T cells. By transforming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment into an immunosensitive one, in B16 tumor-bearing mice, combination therapy showed superior antitumor effects than monotherapy. This occurred whether the OV was administered intratumorally or intravenously. Combination therapy significantly increased cytokine and chemokine levels within tumors and recruited CD8+ T cells to the TME to trigger antitumor immune responses. Pretreatment with adoptively transferred T cells and subsequent oncolytic virotherapy sensitizes refractory tumors by boosting T-cell recruitment, down-regulating the expression of PD-1, and restoring effector T-cell function. To offer a combination therapy with greater translational value, mRNA vaccines were introduced to induce tumor-specific T cells instead of adoptively transferred T cells. The combination of OVs and mRNA vaccine also displays a significant reduction in tumor burden and prolonged survival. This study proposed a rational combination therapy of OVs with adoptive T-cell transfer or mRNA vaccines encoding tumor-associated antigens, in terms of synergistic efficacy and mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Ruoyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xing Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jinhang He
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Dekui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xueran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yuhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jinlei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Mingxi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jiali Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Guosong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqiong Que
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Mujing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
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5
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Xu MY, Zeng N, Liu CQ, Sun JX, An Y, Zhang SH, Xu JZ, Zhong XY, Ma SY, He HD, Hu J, Xia QD, Wang SG. Enhanced cellular therapy: revolutionizing adoptive cellular therapy. Exp Hematol Oncol 2024; 13:47. [PMID: 38664743 PMCID: PMC11046957 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhanced cellular therapy has emerged as a novel concept following the basis of cellular therapy. This treatment modality applied drugs or biotechnology to directly enhance or genetically modify cells to enhance the efficacy of adoptive cellular therapy (ACT). Drugs or biotechnology that enhance the killing ability of immune cells include immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) / antibody drugs, small molecule inhibitors, immunomodulatory factors, proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), oncolytic virus (OV), etc. Firstly, overcoming the inhibitory tumor microenvironment (TME) can enhance the efficacy of ACT, which can be achieved by blocking the immune checkpoint. Secondly, cytokines or cytokine receptors can be expressed by genetic engineering or added directly to adoptive cells to enhance the migration and infiltration of adoptive cells to tumor cells. Moreover, multi-antigen chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) can be designed to enhance the specific recognition of tumor cell-related antigens, and OVs can also stimulate antigen release. In addition to inserting suicide genes into adoptive cells, PROTAC technology can be used as a safety switch or degradation agent of immunosuppressive factors to enhance the safety and efficacy of adoptive cells. This article comprehensively summarizes the mechanism, current situation, and clinical application of enhanced cellular therapy, describing potential improvements to adoptive cellular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Xu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Na Zeng
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chen-Qian Liu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Xuan Sun
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ye An
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Si-Han Zhang
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Xu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xing-Yu Zhong
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Si-Yang Ma
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hao-Dong He
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi-Dong Xia
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Shao-Gang Wang
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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6
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Yarahmadi A, Zare M, Aghayari M, Afkhami H, Jafari GA. Therapeutic bacteria and viruses to combat cancer: double-edged sword in cancer therapy: new insights for future. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:239. [PMID: 38654309 PMCID: PMC11040964 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01622-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, ranked as the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, leads to the death of approximately seven million people annually, establishing itself as one of the most significant health challenges globally. The discovery and identification of new anti-cancer drugs that kill or inactivate cancer cells without harming normal and healthy cells and reduce adverse effects on the immune system is a potential challenge in medicine and a fundamental goal in Many studies. Therapeutic bacteria and viruses have become a dual-faceted instrument in cancer therapy. They provide a promising avenue for cancer treatment, but at the same time, they also create significant obstacles and complications that contribute to cancer growth and development. This review article explores the role of bacteria and viruses in cancer treatment, examining their potential benefits and drawbacks. By amalgamating established knowledge and perspectives, this review offers an in-depth examination of the present research landscape within this domain and identifies avenues for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Yarahmadi
- Department of Biology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mitra Zare
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Aghayari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gholam Ali Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
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Chen G, Yuan Y, Li Y, He Q, Qin Z, Hu H, Gao C, Xu Z, Xu Q, Gao Q, Li F. Enhancing oncolytic virus efficiency with methionine and N-(3-aminoprolil)methacrylamide modified acrylamide cationic block polymer. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3741-3750. [PMID: 38530281 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb03016d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic virus ablation of tumor cells has the advantages of high tumor selectivity, strong immunogenicity, and low side effects. However, the recognition and clearance of oncolytic viruses by the immune system are the main factors limiting their anti-tumor efficiency. As a highly biosafe and highly modifiable oncolytic virus vector, acrylamide can improve the long-term circulation of oncolytic viruses. Still, it is limited in its uptake efficiency by tumor cells. Herein, we constructed an N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide-b-(N-3-aminopropyl methacrylamide)-b-DMC block copolymer (NMA-b-APMA-b-DMA, NAD) as an oncolytic virus carrier, which not only improves the long-term circulation of oncolytic viruses in the body but also shows excellent stability for loading an oncolytic virus. The data shows that there was no obvious difference in the transfection effect of the NAD/Ad complex with or without neutralizing antibodies in the medium, which meant that the cationic carrier mediated by NAD/Ad had good serum stability. Only 10 micrograms of NAD carrier are needed to load the oncolytic virus, which can increase the transfection efficiency by 50 times. Cell experiments and mouse animal experiments show that NAD vectors can significantly enhance the anti-tumor effect of oncolytic viruses. We hope that this work will promote the application of acrylamide as an oncolytic virus vector and provide new ideas for methods to modify acrylamide for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China.
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Centre (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China.
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Centre (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Qianyuan He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Zizhen Qin
- Key laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Educations, Collage of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 40044, China
| | - Han Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Congcong Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Zushun Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Qi Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China.
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Centre (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China.
- National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Centre (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430034, China
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8
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Sanchez Gil J, Fudaba H, Wakimoto H. Chimeric oncolytic adenovirus to break away from neutralizing antibodies. Mol Ther 2024; 32:875-877. [PMID: 38513645 PMCID: PMC11163212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Sanchez Gil
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hirotaka Fudaba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Calderón-Peláez MA, Maradei Anaya SJ, Bedoya-Rodríguez IJ, González-Ipuz KG, Vera-Palacios D, Buitrago IV, Castellanos JE, Velandia-Romero ML. Zika Virus: A Neurotropic Warrior against High-Grade Gliomas-Unveiling Its Potential for Oncolytic Virotherapy. Viruses 2024; 16:561. [PMID: 38675903 PMCID: PMC11055012 DOI: 10.3390/v16040561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas account for approximately 75-80% of all malignant primary tumors in the central nervous system (CNS), with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) considered the deadliest. Despite aggressive treatment involving a combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical intervention, patients with GBM have limited survival rates of 2 to 5 years, accompanied by a significant decline in their quality of life. In recent years, novel management strategies have emerged, such as immunotherapy, which includes the development of vaccines or T cells with chimeric antigen receptors, and oncolytic virotherapy (OVT), wherein wild type (WT) or genetically modified viruses are utilized to selectively lyse tumor cells. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the Zika virus (ZIKV) can infect glioma cells and induce a robust oncolytic activity. Consequently, interest in exploring this virus as a potential oncolytic virus (OV) for high-grade gliomas has surged. Given that ZIKV actively circulates in Colombia, evaluating its neurotropic and oncolytic capabilities holds considerable national and international importance, as it may emerge as an alternative for treating highly complex gliomas. Therefore, this literature review outlines the generalities of GBM, the factors determining ZIKV's specific tropism for nervous tissue, and its oncolytic capacity. Additionally, we briefly present the progress in preclinical studies supporting the use of ZIKV as an OVT for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Angélica Calderón-Peláez
- Virology Group, Vice-Chancellor of Research, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia; (M.-A.C.-P.); (S.J.M.A.); (J.E.C.)
| | - Silvia Juliana Maradei Anaya
- Virology Group, Vice-Chancellor of Research, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia; (M.-A.C.-P.); (S.J.M.A.); (J.E.C.)
| | | | - Karol Gabriela González-Ipuz
- Semillero ViroLogic 2020–2022, Virology Group, Vice-Chancellor of Research, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
| | - Daniela Vera-Palacios
- Semillero ViroLogic 2020–2022, Virology Group, Vice-Chancellor of Research, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
| | - Isabella Victoria Buitrago
- Semillero ViroLogic 2020–2022, Virology Group, Vice-Chancellor of Research, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
| | - Jaime E. Castellanos
- Virology Group, Vice-Chancellor of Research, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia; (M.-A.C.-P.); (S.J.M.A.); (J.E.C.)
| | - Myriam L. Velandia-Romero
- Virology Group, Vice-Chancellor of Research, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia; (M.-A.C.-P.); (S.J.M.A.); (J.E.C.)
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10
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Kurokawa C, Agrawal S, Mitra A, Galvani E, Burke S, Varshine A, Rothstein R, Schifferli K, Monks NR, Foloppe J, Silvestre N, Quemeneur E, Demeusoit C, Kleinpeter P, Sapra P, Barrett C, Hammond SA, Kelly EJ, Laliberte J, Durham NM, Oberst M, Broggi MA. Mediation of antitumor activity by AZD4820 oncolytic vaccinia virus encoding IL-12. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200758. [PMID: 38596304 PMCID: PMC10869731 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2023.200758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses are engineered to selectively kill tumor cells and have demonstrated promising results in early-phase clinical trials. To further modulate the innate and adaptive immune system, we generated AZD4820, a vaccinia virus engineered to express interleukin-12 (IL-12), a potent cytokine involved in the activation of natural killer (NK) and T cells and the reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment. Testing in cultured human tumor cell lines demonstrated broad in vitro oncolytic activity and IL-12 transgene expression. A surrogate virus expressing murine IL-12 demonstrated antitumor activity in both MC38 and CT26 mouse syngeneic tumor models that responded poorly to immune checkpoint inhibition. In both models, AZD4820 significantly upregulated interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) relative to control mice treated with oncolytic vaccinia virus (VACV)-luciferase. In the CT26 study, 6 of 10 mice had a complete response after treatment with AZD4820 murine surrogate, whereas control VACV-luciferase-treated mice had 0 of 10 complete responders. AZD4820 treatment combined with anti-PD-L1 blocking antibody augmented tumor-specific T cell immunity relative to monotherapies. These findings suggest that vaccinia virus delivery of IL-12, combined with immune checkpoint blockade, elicits antitumor immunity in tumors that respond poorly to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheyne Kurokawa
- Virology and Vaccine Discovery, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Sonia Agrawal
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Abhisek Mitra
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Elena Galvani
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shannon Burke
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ankita Varshine
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Raymond Rothstein
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Schifferli
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Noel R. Monks
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Johann Foloppe
- Department of Research, Transgene SA, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | | | - Eric Quemeneur
- Department of Research, Transgene SA, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | | | | | - Puja Sapra
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Carl Barrett
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Scott A. Hammond
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Kelly
- Clinical Virology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jason Laliberte
- Virology and Vaccine Discovery, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas M. Durham
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Michael Oberst
- Biologics Engineering and Targeted Delivery, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Maria A.S. Broggi
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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11
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Chowaniec H, Ślubowska A, Mroczek M, Borowczyk M, Braszka M, Dworacki G, Dobosz P, Wichtowski M. New hopes for the breast cancer treatment: perspectives on the oncolytic virus therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1375433. [PMID: 38576614 PMCID: PMC10991781 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy has emerged as a promising frontier in cancer treatment, especially for solid tumours. While immunotherapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cells have demonstrated impressive results, their limitations in inducing complete tumour regression have spurred researchers to explore new approaches targeting tumours resistant to current immunotherapies. OVs, both natural and genetically engineered, selectively replicate within cancer cells, inducing their lysis while sparing normal tissues. Recent advancements in clinical research and genetic engineering have enabled the development of targeted viruses that modify the tumour microenvironment, triggering anti-tumour immune responses and exhibiting synergistic effects with other cancer therapies. Several OVs have been studied for breast cancer treatment, including adenovirus, protoparvovirus, vaccinia virus, reovirus, and herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1). These viruses have been modified or engineered to enhance their tumour-selective replication, reduce toxicity, and improve oncolytic properties.Newer generations of OVs, such as Oncoviron and Delta-24-RGD adenovirus, exhibit heightened replication selectivity and enhanced anticancer effects, particularly in breast cancer models. Clinical trials have explored the efficacy and safety of various OVs in treating different cancers, including melanoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, head and neck cancer, and gynecologic malignancies. Notably, Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) and Oncorine have. been approved for advanced melanoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, respectively. However, adverse effects have been reported in some cases, including flu-like symptoms and rare instances of severe complications such as fistula formation. Although no OV has been approved specifically for breast cancer treatment, ongoing preclinical clinical trials focus on four groups of viruses. While mild adverse effects like low-grade fever and nausea have been observed, the effectiveness of OV monotherapy in breast cancer remains insufficient. Combination strategies integrating OVs with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy, show promise in improving therapeutic outcomes. Oncolytic virus therapy holds substantial potential in breast cancer treatment, demonstrating safety in trials. Multi-approach strategies combining OVs with conventional therapies exhibit more promising therapeutic effects than monotherapy, signalling a hopeful future for OV-based breast cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Chowaniec
- Department of Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Antonina Ślubowska
- Department of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Mroczek
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Univeristy of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martyna Borowczyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Braszka
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grzegorz Dworacki
- Department of Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Chair of Patomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paula Dobosz
- University Centre of Cancer Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wichtowski
- Surgical Oncology Clinic, Institute of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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12
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Dash SR, Kundu A, Kundu CN. The role of viruses in cancer progression versus cancer treatment: A dual paradigm. Life Sci 2024; 341:122506. [PMID: 38373620 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Most human malignancies are attributed to exposure to infectious organisms such as viruses. Certain infections that can induce cancer can evade the immune system, leading to persistent inflammation that facilitates uncontrolled cell growth. Moreover, these pathogens can increase the likelihood of oncogenic transformation, leading to cancer development. Despite significant advancements in medicine, oncological research continues to seek innovative treatment techniques in light of the constraints imposed by traditional therapeutic agents. Virus-based therapy is a novel treatment method that has garnered significant interest due to its broad range of applications. Virotherapy employs oncolytic viruses that are genetically modified to target tumor cells specifically, undergo replication inside them and destroy the malignant cells. Additionally, this therapeutic approach elicits an anticancer response by boosting the patient's immune system. In addition, viruses are commonly employed as targeted delivery vectors for the precise transportation of various genes, medicinal compounds and immune-stimulating substances. Furthermore, virotherapy offers more excellent anticancer activity in combination with established treatment modalities such as immune therapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This review presents a concise overview of the roles played by infectious agents, such as viruses in cancer progression. In addition, we have thoroughly summarized the advancements in utilizing viruses for their oncolytic properties in conjunction with established cancer treatment modalities such as chemotherapy, radiation and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somya Ranjan Dash
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Anushka Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India.
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13
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Mirbahari SN, Da Silva M, Zúñiga AIM, Kooshki Zamani N, St-Laurent G, Totonchi M, Azad T. Recent progress in combination therapy of oncolytic vaccinia virus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1272351. [PMID: 38558795 PMCID: PMC10979700 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1272351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, oncolytic viruses have emerged as promising agents for treating various cancers. An oncolytic virus is a non-pathogenic virus that, due to genetic manipulation, tends to replicate in and cause lysis of cancerous cells while leaving healthy cells unaffected. Among these viruses, vaccinia virus is an attractive platform for use as an oncolytic platform due to its 190 Kb genome with a high capacity for encoding therapeutic payloads. Combining oncolytic VV therapy with other conventional cancer treatments has been shown to be synergistic and more effective than monotherapies. Additionally, OVV can be used as a vector to deliver therapeutic payloads, alone or in combination with other treatments, to increase overall efficacy. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of preclinical and clinical studies that have evaluated the efficacy of oncolytic vaccinia viruses in cancer immunotherapy. We discuss the outcomes of these studies, including tumor regression rates, overall survival benefits, and long-term responses. Moreover, we provide insights into the challenges and limitations associated with oncolytic vaccinia virus- based therapies, including immune evasion mechanisms, potential toxicities, and the development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Nasim Mirbahari
- Faculty of Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Miles Da Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Abril Ixchel Muñoz Zúñiga
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Nika Kooshki Zamani
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriel St-Laurent
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Taha Azad
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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14
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Gemayel J, Chebly A, Kourie H, Hanna C, Mheidly K, Mhanna M, Karam F, Ghoussaini D, Najjar PE, Khalil C. Genome Engineering as a Therapeutic Approach in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. ADVANCED GENETICS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2024; 5:2300201. [PMID: 38465225 PMCID: PMC10919288 DOI: 10.1002/ggn2.202300201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the foremost causes of mortality. The human genome remains stable over time. However, human activities and environmental factors have the power to influence the prevalence of certain types of mutations. This goes to the excessive progress of xenobiotics and industrial development that is expanding the territory for cancers to develop. The mechanisms involved in immune responses against cancer are widely studied. Genome editing has changed the genome-based immunotherapy process in the human body and has opened a new era for cancer treatment. In this review, recent cancer immunotherapies and the use of genome engineering technology are largely focused on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Gemayel
- Faculty of SciencesBalamand UniversityBeirutLebanon
- FMPS Holding BIOTECKNO s.a.l. Research and Quality SolutionsNaccashBeirut60 247Lebanon
| | - Alain Chebly
- Center Jacques Loiselet for Medical Genetics and Genomics (CGGM), Faculty of MedicineSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
- Higher Institute of Public HealthSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Hampig Kourie
- Center Jacques Loiselet for Medical Genetics and Genomics (CGGM), Faculty of MedicineSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
- Faculty of MedicineSaint Joseph UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Colette Hanna
- Faculty of MedicineLebanese American University Medical CenterRizk HospitalBeirutLebanon
| | | | - Melissa Mhanna
- Faculty of MedicineParis Saclay University63 Rue Gabriel PériLe Kremlin‐Bicêtre94270France
| | - Farah Karam
- Faculty of MedicineBalamand UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | | | - Paula El Najjar
- FMPS Holding BIOTECKNO s.a.l. Research and Quality SolutionsNaccashBeirut60 247Lebanon
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, School of EngineeringHoly Spirit University of KaslikJounieh446Lebanon
| | - Charbel Khalil
- Reviva Regenerative Medicine CenterBsalimLebanon
- Bone Marrow Transplant UnitBurjeel Medical CityAbu DhabiUAE
- Lebanese American University School of MedicineBeirutLebanon
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15
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Dymova MA, Malysheva DO, Popova VK, Dmitrienko EV, Endutkin AV, Drokov DV, Mukhanov VS, Byvakina AA, Kochneva GV, Artyushenko PV, Shchugoreva IA, Rogova AV, Tomilin FN, Kichkailo AS, Richter VA, Kuligina EV. Characterizing Aptamer Interaction with the Oncolytic Virus VV-GMCSF-Lact. Molecules 2024; 29:848. [PMID: 38398600 PMCID: PMC10892425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are currently being investigated for their potential to improve virotherapy. They offer several advantages, including the ability to prevent the aggregation of viral particles, enhance target specificity, and protect against the neutralizing effects of antibodies. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively investigate an aptamer capable of enhancing virotherapy. This involved characterizing the previously selected aptamer for vaccinia virus (VACV), evaluating the aggregation and molecular interaction of the optimized aptamers with the recombinant oncolytic virus VV-GMCSF-Lact, and estimating their immunoshielding properties in the presence of human blood serum. We chose one optimized aptamer, NV14t_56, with the highest affinity to the virus from the pool of several truncated aptamers and built its 3D model. The NV14t_56 remained stable in human blood serum for 1 h and bound to VV-GMCSF-Lact in the micromolar range (Kd ≈ 0.35 μM). Based on dynamic light scattering data, it has been demonstrated that aptamers surround viral particles and inhibit aggregate formation. In the presence of serum, the hydrodynamic diameter (by intensity) of the aptamer-virus complex did not change. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) experiments showed that NV14t_56 binds with virus (EC50 = 1.487 × 109 PFU/mL). The analysis of the amplitudes of MST curves reveals that the components of the serum bind to the aptamer-virus complex without disrupting it. In vitro experiments demonstrated the efficacy of VV-GMCSF-Lact in conjunction with the aptamer when exposed to human blood serum in the absence of neutralizing antibodies (Nabs). Thus, NV14t_56 has the ability to inhibit virus aggregation, allowing VV-GMCSF-Lact to maintain its effectiveness throughout the storage period and subsequent use. When employing aptamers as protective agents for oncolytic viruses, the presence of neutralizing antibodies should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A. Dymova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Daria O. Malysheva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Victoria K. Popova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Elena V. Dmitrienko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Anton V. Endutkin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Danil V. Drokov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Mukhanov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Arina A. Byvakina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Galina V. Kochneva
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia;
| | - Polina V. Artyushenko
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Partizana Zheleznyaka str. 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (P.V.A.); (I.A.S.); (A.V.R.); (A.S.K.)
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Irina A. Shchugoreva
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Partizana Zheleznyaka str. 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (P.V.A.); (I.A.S.); (A.V.R.); (A.S.K.)
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Anastasia V. Rogova
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Partizana Zheleznyaka str. 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (P.V.A.); (I.A.S.); (A.V.R.); (A.S.K.)
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Felix N. Tomilin
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, 50/38 Akademgorodok, 660012 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Anna S. Kichkailo
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky, Partizana Zheleznyaka str. 1, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (P.V.A.); (I.A.S.); (A.V.R.); (A.S.K.)
- Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 50 Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Vladimir A. Richter
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
| | - Elena V. Kuligina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev av. 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.O.M.); (V.K.P.); (E.V.D.); (A.V.E.); (D.V.D.); (V.S.M.); (A.A.B.); (V.A.R.); (E.V.K.)
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16
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Balakrishnan P, Sathish S, Saravanan S. HIV-Encoded Gene Therapy as Anti-cancer Therapeutics: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e53431. [PMID: 38435173 PMCID: PMC10909071 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been interest in using viruses as cancer treatments. Oncolytic virology was founded by scientists who noticed that viruses might preferentially lyse cancer cells over healthy ones. Oncolytic virotherapy has similar obstacles as other treatment approaches, gaining entry into the specific tumour cell, encountering antiviral immune responses, off-target infection and many other unfavourable circumstances in the tumour microenvironment, and a lack of unique therapeutic and predictive biomarkers. However, oncolytic viruses have emerged as the main players in the biological treatment for cancer with the use of vectors such as human adenoviruses in oncolytic virotherapy. Recent large-scale research has shown that other viruses, such as the measles virus and the herpes simplex virus (HSV), may potentially be viable options for cancer treatment. The FDA has cleared T-VEC, an HSV-based oncolytic virus, for use in biological cancer treatment after its successful completion of human clinical trials. Furthermore, the measles virus vaccine strain has shown remarkable outcomes in pre-clinical and clinical testing. The use of such modified viruses in biological cancer treatment holds promise for groundbreaking discoveries in the field of cancer research because of their therapeutic effectiveness, fewer side effects, and safety. Several other newer approaches have been used in recent years. HIV-encoded proteins are also hypothesized to promote mitochondrial homeostasis causing bystander-induced apoptosis. We provide an overview of the most recent developments in the clinical use of oncolytic virus-based biological cancer treatment in this study. This evaluation also assesses the advantages and disadvantages of the viral candidates and provides insight into their potential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pachamuthu Balakrishnan
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sankar Sathish
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Shanmugam Saravanan
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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17
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Wang Y, Cheng P. Arming oncolytic viruses with bispecific T cell engagers: The evolution and current status. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166962. [PMID: 37984801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as therapeutically relevant anticancer agents as contemporary immunotherapy gains traction. Furthermore, OVs are an ideal platform for genetic modification to express therapeutic transgenes. Bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs) can redirect T cells to tumor cells, resulting in targeted cytotoxicity. BiTEs have demonstrated success in hematological cancers but are rarely used in solid tumors. The drawbacks of BiTEs, including inadequate delivery and on-target-off-tumor activity have limited their efficacy. Combining OVs with BiTEs is a prospective area to investigate. This combined strategy can benefit from the best qualities of both therapies while overcoming the limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmeng Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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18
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Altun I, Demirlenk YM, Atar D, Cevik E, Gunduz S, Albadawi H, Oklu R. Advances and Challenges in Interventional Immuno-Oncology Locoregional Therapies. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2024; 35:164-172. [PMID: 38272636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Interventional immuno-oncology is making strides in locoregional therapies to address complex tumor microenvironments. Long-standing interventional radiology cancer therapies, such as tumor ablation and embolization, are being recharacterized in the context of immunotherapy. Intratumoral injections, such as those of genetically engineered or unaltered viruses, and the delivery of immune cells, antibodies, proteins, or cytokines into targeted tumors, along with advancements in delivery techniques, have produced promising results in preliminary studies, indicating their antitumor effectiveness. Emerging strategies using DNA scaffolding, polysaccharides, glycan, chitosan, and natural products are also showing promise in targeted cancer therapy. The future of interventional immuno-oncology lies in personalized immunotherapies that capitalize on individual immune profiles and tumor characteristics, along with the exploration of combination therapies. This study will review various interventional immuno-oncology strategies and emerging technologies to enhance delivery of therapeutics and response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzet Altun
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yusuf M Demirlenk
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Laboratory for Patient Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Dila Atar
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Laboratory for Patient Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Enes Cevik
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Laboratory for Patient Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Seyda Gunduz
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Laboratory for Patient Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona; Department of Medical Oncology, Istinye University Bahcesehir Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hassan Albadawi
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Laboratory for Patient Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Rahmi Oklu
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Laboratory for Patient Inspired Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona.
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19
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Zhang P, Liu X, Gu Z, Jiang Z, Zhao S, Song Y, Yu J. Targeting TIGIT for cancer immunotherapy: recent advances and future directions. Biomark Res 2024; 12:7. [PMID: 38229100 PMCID: PMC10790541 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
As a newly identified checkpoint, T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domain (TIGIT) is highly expressed on CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). TIGIT has been associated with NK cell exhaustion in vivo and in individuals with various cancers. It not only modulates NK cell survival but also mediates T cell exhaustion. As the primary ligand of TIGIT in humans, CD155 may be the main target for immunotherapy due to its interaction with TIGIT. It has been found that the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) treatment response in cancer immunotherapy is correlated with CD155 but not TIGIT. Anti-TIGIT alone and in combination with anti-PD-1 agents have been tested for cancer immunotherapy. Although two clinical studies on advanced lung cancer had positive results, the TIGIT-targeted antibody, tiragolumab, recently failed in two new trials. In this review, we highlight the current developments on TIGIT for cancer immunotherapy and discuss the characteristics and functions of TIGIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Thoracic Oncology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Zhuoyu Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Thoracic Oncology, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhongxing Jiang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Jifeng Yu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein Gene Regulation, Henan University College of Medicine, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
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20
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Malla R, Srilatha M, Farran B, Nagaraju GP. mRNA vaccines and their delivery strategies: A journey from infectious diseases to cancer. Mol Ther 2024; 32:13-31. [PMID: 37919901 PMCID: PMC10787123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
mRNA vaccines have evolved as promising cancer therapies. These vaccines can encode tumor-allied antigens, thus enabling personalized treatment approaches. They can also target cancer-specific mutations and overcome immune evasion mechanisms. They manipulate the body's cellular functions to produce antigens, elicit immune responses, and suppress tumors by overcoming limitations associated with specific histocompatibility leukocyte antigen molecules. However, successfully delivering mRNA into target cells destroys a crucial challenge. Viral and nonviral vectors (lipid nanoparticles and cationic liposomes) have shown great capacity in protecting mRNA from deterioration and assisting in cellular uptake. Cell-penetrating peptides, hydrogels, polymer-based nanoparticles, and dendrimers have been investigated to increase the delivery efficacy and immunogenicity of mRNA. This comprehensive review explores the landscape of mRNA vaccines and their delivery platforms for cancer, addressing design considerations, diverse delivery strategies, and recent advancements. Overall, this review contributes to the progress of mRNA vaccines as an innovative strategy for effective cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- RamaRao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, AP, India
| | - Mundla Srilatha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, AP, India
| | - Batoul Farran
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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21
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Salmani-Javan E, Farhoudi Sefidan Jadid M, Zarghami N. Recent advances in molecular targeted therapy of lung cancer: Possible application in translation medicine. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:122-133. [PMID: 38234663 PMCID: PMC10790298 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.72407.15749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death among all cancer deaths. This cancer is classified into two different histological subtypes: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the most common subtype, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which is the most aggressive subtype. Understanding the molecular characteristics of lung cancer has expanded our knowledge of the cellular origins and molecular pathways affected by each of these subtypes and has contributed to the development of new therapies. Traditional treatments for lung cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Advances in understanding the nature and specificity of lung cancer have led to the development of immunotherapy, which is the newest and most specialized treatment in the treatment of lung cancer. Each of these treatments has advantages and disadvantages and causes side effects. Today, combination therapy for lung cancer reduces side effects and increases the speed of recovery. Despite the significant progress that has been made in the treatment of lung cancer in the last decade, further research into new drugs and combination therapies is needed to extend the clinical benefits and improve outcomes in lung cancer. In this review article, we discussed common lung cancer treatments and their combinations from the most advanced to the newest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Salmani-Javan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Farhoudi Sefidan Jadid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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22
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Meng L, Collier KA, Wang P, Li Z, Monk P, Mortazavi A, Hu Z, Spakowicz D, Zheng L, Yang Y. Emerging Immunotherapy Approaches for Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cells 2023; 13:34. [PMID: 38201238 PMCID: PMC10777977 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma is clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). While localized ccRCC can be cured with surgery, metastatic disease has a poor prognosis. Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for advanced ccRCC. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving immunotherapeutic landscape for metastatic ccRCC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) like PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors have demonstrated clinical efficacy as monotherapies and in combination regimens. Combination immunotherapies pairing ICIs with antiangiogenic agents, other immunomodulators, or novel therapeutic platforms such as bispecific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy are areas of active research. Beyond the checkpoint blockade, additional modalities including therapeutic vaccines, cytokines, and oncolytic viruses are also being explored for ccRCC. This review discusses the mechanisms, major clinical trials, challenges, and future directions for these emerging immunotherapies. While current strategies have shown promise in improving patient outcomes, continued research is critical for expanding and optimizing immunotherapy approaches for advanced ccRCC. Realizing the full potential of immunotherapy will require elucidating mechanisms of response and resistance, developing predictive biomarkers, and rationally designing combination therapeutic regimens tailored to individual patients. Advances in immunotherapy carry immense promise for transforming the management of metastatic ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbin Meng
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Katharine A. Collier
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Peng Wang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zihai Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Paul Monk
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Amir Mortazavi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Daniel Spakowicz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Linghua Zheng
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yuanquan Yang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (K.A.C.); (P.W.); (Z.L.); (P.M.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (L.Z.)
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23
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Seyed-Khorrami SM, Azadi A, Rastegarvand N, Habibian A, Soleimanjahi H, Łos MJ. A promising future in cancer immunotherapy: Oncolytic viruses. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176063. [PMID: 37797673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Alongside the conventional methods, attention has been drawn to the use of immunotherapy-based methods for cancer treatment. Immunotherapy has developed as a therapeutic option that can be more specific with better outcomes in tumor treatment. It can boost or regulate the immune system behind the targeted virotherapy. Virotherapy is a kind of oncolytic immunotherapy that investigated broadly in cancer treatment in recent decades, due to its several advantages. According to recent advance in the field of understanding cancer cell biology and its occurrence, as well as increasing the knowledge about conditionally replicating oncolytic viruses and their destructive function in the tumor cells, nowadays, it is possible to apply this strategy in the treatment of malignancies. Relying on achievements in clinical trials of oncolytic viruses, we can certainly expect that this therapeutic perception can play a more central role in cancer treatment. In cancer treatment, combination therapy using oncolytic viruses alongside standard cancer treatment methods and other immunotherapy-based treatments can expect more promising results in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arezou Azadi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Rastegarvand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ala Habibian
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marek J Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 8 Krzywousty St., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland; LinkoCare Life Sciences AB, Linkoping, Sweden.
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24
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Zong Y, Lin Y, Wei T, Cheng Q. Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Enables mRNA Delivery for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303261. [PMID: 37196221 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) has received great attention in the prevention and treatment of various diseases due to the success of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines (Comirnaty and Spikevax). To meet the therapeutic purpose, it is required that mRNA must enter the target cells and express sufficient proteins. Therefore, the development of effective delivery systems is necessary and crucial. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) represents a remarkable vehicle that has indeed accelerated mRNA applications in humans, as several mRNA-based therapies have already been approved or are in clinical trials. In this review, the focus is on mRNA-LNP-mediated anticancer therapy. It summarizes the main development strategies of mRNA-LNP formulations, discusses representative therapeutic approaches in cancer, and points out current challenges and possible future directions of this research field. It is hoped that these delivered messages can help further improve the application of mRNA-LNP technology in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tuo Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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25
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Wang Z, Sun P, Li Z, Xiao S. Clinical Advances and Future Directions of Oncolytic Virotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5291. [PMID: 37958464 PMCID: PMC10650136 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs), without harming normal tissues, selectively infect and replicate within tumor cells, to release immune molecules and tumor antigens, achieving immune-mediated destruction of tumors and making them one of the most promising immunotherapies for cancer. Many clinical studies have demonstrated that OVs can provide clinical benefits for patients with different types of tumors, at various stages, including metastatic and previously untreatable cases. When OVs are used in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and other treatments, they can synergistically enhance the therapeutic effects. The concept of oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) was proposed in the early 20th century. With advancements in genetic engineering, genetically modified viruses can further enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In recent years, global research on OV treatment of malignant tumors has increased dramatically. This article comprehensively reviews the findings from relevant research and clinical trials, providing an overview of the development of OVT and its application in the clinical treatment of head and neck cancer. The aim is to offer insights for future clinical and fundamental research on OVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University Renji College, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Peng Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; (P.S.); (Z.L.)
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; (P.S.); (Z.L.)
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Shaowen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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26
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Choi Y, Jung K. Normalization of the tumor microenvironment by harnessing vascular and immune modulation to achieve enhanced cancer therapy. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2308-2319. [PMID: 37907742 PMCID: PMC10689787 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01114-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are complex entities that actively shape their microenvironment to create a supportive environment for their own growth. Angiogenesis and immune suppression are two key characteristics of this tumor microenvironment. Despite attempts to deplete tumor blood vessels using antiangiogenic drugs, extensive vessel pruning has shown limited efficacy. Instead, a targeted approach involving the judicious use of drugs at specific time points can normalize the function and structure of tumor vessels, leading to improved outcomes when combined with other anticancer therapies. Additionally, normalizing the immune microenvironment by suppressing immunosuppressive cells and activating immunostimulatory cells has shown promise in suppressing tumor growth and improving overall survival. Based on these findings, many studies have been conducted to normalize each component of the tumor microenvironment, leading to the development of a variety of strategies. In this review, we provide an overview of the concepts of vascular and immune normalization and discuss some of the strategies employed to achieve these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yechan Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Keehoon Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Dogbey DM, Torres VES, Fajemisin E, Mpondo L, Ngwenya T, Akinrinmade OA, Perriman AW, Barth S. Technological advances in the use of viral and non-viral vectors for delivering genetic and non-genetic cargos for cancer therapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:2719-2738. [PMID: 37301780 PMCID: PMC10257536 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01362-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The burden of cancer is increasing globally. Several challenges facing its mainstream treatment approaches have formed the basis for the development of targeted delivery systems to carry and distribute anti-cancer payloads to their defined targets. This site-specific delivery of drug molecules and gene payloads to selectively target druggable biomarkers aimed at inducing cell death while sparing normal cells is the principal goal for cancer therapy. An important advantage of a delivery vector either viral or non-viral is the cumulative ability to penetrate the haphazardly arranged and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment of solid tumours and or withstand antibody-mediated immune response. Biotechnological approaches incorporating rational protein engineering for the development of targeted delivery systems which may serve as vehicles for packaging and distribution of anti-cancer agents to selectively target and kill cancer cells are highly desired. Over the years, these chemically and genetically modified delivery systems have aimed at distribution and selective accumulation of drug molecules at receptor sites resulting in constant maintenance of high drug bioavailability for effective anti-tumour activity. In this review, we highlighted the state-of-the art viral and non-viral drug and gene delivery systems and those under developments focusing on cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Makafui Dogbey
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Emmanuel Fajemisin
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Liyabona Mpondo
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Takunda Ngwenya
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Olusiji Alex Akinrinmade
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adam W Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, Bristol, UK
| | - Stefan Barth
- South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Medical Biotechnology and Immunotherapy Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Wang B, Zhong C, Liao Z, Wang H, Cai X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Wang T, Yao H. Effectiveness and safety of human type 5 recombinant adenovirus (H101) in malignant tumor with malignant pleural effusion and ascites: A multicenter, observational, real-world study. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:3051-3057. [PMID: 37675621 PMCID: PMC10599969 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness and safety of H101 in Chinese patients with malignant pleural effusion and ascites (MPE/MA) in the real world. METHODS This multicenter, observational, real-world study recruited patients with MPE/MA caused by malignant tumor receiving H101-containing treatment between January 2020 and June 2022. Effectiveness was evaluated by overall remission rate (ORR), and safety was evaluated based on adverse events (AEs). Subgroup analysis was performed on patients grouped according to tumor type, the volume of MPE and MA, and dosage of H101. RESULTS A total of 643 eligible patients were enrolled, and 467 received H101 monotherapy and 176 received H101 combined with chemotherapy. The ORR of total patients was60.3% with 388 case of PR. In the H101 monotherapy group, the decrease of MPE or MA was achieved in 282 (60.4%, PR) patients, 176 (37.7%, NC) patients showed no change in volume of MPE or MA, and nine (1.9%, PD) patients showed an increase, yielding an ORR of 60.4% (282/467). The ORR for the combination therapy group was 60.2% (106/176), with 106 cases of PR, 69 cases of NC and one case of PD. Subgroup analyses based on tumor type, volume of MPE and MA, and dosage of H101 all showed high ORR, approximately 60%. The main AEs associated with H101-containing regimens were fever, nausea and vomiting. No serious AEs occurred in both groups. CONCLUSION Encouraging clinical benefits and manageable toxicity of H101 against MPE/MA were preliminarily observed in the real-world clinical setting, indicating that the H101-containing regimen is reliable, safe, and feasible, providing a novel and effective option for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocheng Wang
- Department of OncologyNo. 960 Hospital of PLAJinanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhong
- Department of OncologyNo. 960 Hospital of PLAJinanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Liao
- Department of Medical OncologyShaanxi Provincial Cancer HospitalTaiyuanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyu Cai
- Department of General Internal MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologyShaanxi Provincial Cancer HospitalTaiyuanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Yao
- Department of Medical AffairsGuangdong Techpool Bio‐pharma Co., Ltd.GuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
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29
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Buntval K, Dobrovolny HM. Modeling of oncolytic viruses in a heterogeneous cell population to predict spread into non-cancerous cells. Comput Biol Med 2023; 165:107362. [PMID: 37633084 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
New cancer treatment modalities that limit patient discomfort need to be developed. One possible new therapy is the use of oncolytic (cancer-killing) viruses. It is only recently that our ability to manipulate viral genomes has allowed us to consider deliberately infecting cancer patients with viruses. One key consideration is to ensure that the virus exclusively targets cancer cells and does not harm nearby non-cancerous cells. Here, we use a mathematical model of viral infection to determine the characteristics a virus would need to have in order to eradicate a tumor, but leave non-cancerous cells untouched. We conclude that the virus must differ in its ability to infect the two different cell types, with the infection rate of non-cancerous cells needing to be less than one hundredth of the infection rate of cancer cells. Differences in viral production rate or infectious cell death rate alone are not sufficient to protect non-cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Buntval
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, United States of America
| | - Hana M Dobrovolny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, United States of America.
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30
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Woo JK, Kim TG, Im NY, Son KY, Cho M, Jeong YJ, Hong JI, Kang B, Enkhtaivan G, Cho NH, Alain T, Park DG, Lee YS. Dual-Armed Oncolytic Myxoma Virus Encoding IFN-γ and CD47 Promotes Lymphocyte Infiltration and Tumor Suppression of Syngeneic Murine Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4703. [PMID: 37835397 PMCID: PMC10571683 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Myxoma virus (MyxV) is a rabbit-specific poxvirus. However, its ability to selectively target tumor cells has established it as a safe and effective anticancer therapy. To strengthen its preclinical efficacy, transgenes that can prolong cancer cell infection and enhance anti-tumor effector functions are currently being investigated. We engineered MyxV armed with CD47, to turn on a 'do not eat me' signal within infected cells with actively replicating viruses, and with IFN-γ to further activate host immune anticancer responses. Tumor suppressive activities were significantly enhanced by the dual-armed MyxV_CD47/IFN-γ compared to parental MyxV or single-armed MyxV_CD47 or MyxV_IFN-γ. In addition, significant increases in IFN-γ+ CD8+T-cells and CD4+ T-cells populations within tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were observed after MyxV_CD47/IFN-γ treatment. Notably, all groups treated with MyxV showed a marked reduction in Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) within TIL. We also show that MyxV infection induces PD-L1 up-regulation in cancer cells, and combinational treatment of MyxV with anti-mouse PD-L1 antibodies (αPD-L1) further controlled tumor burden and increased survival in the syngeneic melanoma model B16F10. Our data demonstrate that a CD47 and IFNγ dual-armed MyxV is an effective oncolytic viral immunotherapeutic. These findings strongly support further preclinical investigations to develop next-generation MyxV-based immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kyu Woo
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Geuk Kim
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yeon Im
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Ka-Yeon Son
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhyeon Cho
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Jin Jeong
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Im Hong
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - BoRim Kang
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Gansukh Enkhtaivan
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tommy Alain
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Dong Guk Park
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Sook Lee
- ViroCure, #502, Ace TwinTower 1, 285 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
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31
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Izadpanah A, Mohammadkhani N, Masoudnia M, Ghasemzad M, Saeedian A, Mehdizadeh H, Poorebrahim M, Ebrahimi M. Update on immune-based therapy strategies targeting cancer stem cells. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18960-18980. [PMID: 37698048 PMCID: PMC10557910 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data reveals that tumors possess a specialized subset of cancer cells named cancer stem cells (CSCs), responsible for metastasis and recurrence of malignancies, with various properties such as self-renewal, heterogenicity, and capacity for drug resistance. Some signaling pathways or processes like Notch, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), Hedgehog (Hh), and Wnt, as well as CSCs' surface markers such as CD44, CD123, CD133, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) have pivotal roles in acquiring CSCs properties. Therefore, targeting CSC-related signaling pathways and surface markers might effectively eradicate tumors and pave the way for cancer survival. Since current treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy cannot eradicate all of the CSCs and tumor relapse may happen following temporary recovery, improving novel and more efficient therapeutic options to combine with current treatments is required. Immunotherapy strategies are the new therapeutic modalities with promising results in targeting CSCs. Here, we review the targeting of CSCs by immunotherapy strategies such as dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)-engineered immune cells, natural killer-cell (NK-cell) therapy, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), checkpoint inhibitors, and the use of oncolytic viruses (OVs) in pre-clinical and clinical studies. This review will mainly focus on blood malignancies but also describe solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Izadpanah
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Niloufar Mohammadkhani
- Department of Clinical BiochemistrySchool of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mina Masoudnia
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahsa Ghasemzad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology‐Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in BiologyUniversity of Science and CultureTehranIran
| | - Arefeh Saeedian
- Radiation Oncology Research CenterCancer Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Radiation OncologyCancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hamid Mehdizadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Mansour Poorebrahim
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, University of CalgaryAlbertaCalgaryCanada
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Department of regenerative medicineCell Science research Center, Royan Institute for stem cell biology and technology, ACECRTehranIran
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32
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Ahmed K, Jha S. Oncoviruses: How do they hijack their host and current treatment regimes. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188960. [PMID: 37507056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Viruses have the ability to modulate the cellular machinery of their host to ensure their survival. While humans encounter numerous viruses daily, only a select few can lead to disease progression. Some of these viruses can amplify cancer-related traits, particularly when coupled with factors like immunosuppression and co-carcinogens. The global burden of cancer development resulting from viral infections is approximately 12%, and it arises as an unfortunate consequence of persistent infections that cause chronic inflammation, genomic instability from viral genome integration, and dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes and host oncogenes involved in normal cell growth. This review provides an in-depth discussion of oncoviruses and their strategies for hijacking the host's cellular machinery to induce cancer. It delves into how viral oncogenes drive tumorigenesis by targeting key cell signaling pathways. Additionally, the review discusses current therapeutic approaches that have been approved or are undergoing clinical trials to combat malignancies induced by oncoviruses. Understanding the intricate interactions between viruses and host cells can lead to the development of more effective treatments for virus-induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Ahmed
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Sudhakar Jha
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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33
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Kudling TV, Clubb JH, Pakola S, Quixabeira DC, Lähdeniemi IA, Heiniö C, Arias V, Havunen R, Cervera-Carrascon V, Santos JM, Sutinen E, Räsänen J, Borenius K, Mäyränpää MI, Aaltonen E, Sorsa S, Hemminki O, Kanerva A, Verschuren EW, Ilonen I, Hemminki A. Effective intravenous delivery of adenovirus armed with TNFα and IL-2 improves anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2241710. [PMID: 37546696 PMCID: PMC10399490 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2241710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains among the most difficult-to-treat malignancies and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The introduction of targeted therapies and checkpoint inhibitors has improved treatment outcomes; however, most patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) eventually fail these therapies. Therefore, there is a major unmet clinical need for checkpoint refractory/resistant NSCLC. Here, we tested the combination of aPD-1 and adenovirus armed with TNFα and IL-2 (Ad5-CMV-mTNFα/mIL-2) in an immunocompetent murine NSCLC model. Moreover, although local delivery has been standard for virotherapy, treatment was administered intravenously to facilitate clinical translation and putative routine use. We showed that treatment of tumor-bearing animals with aPD-1 in combination with intravenously injected armed adenovirus significantly decreased cancer growth, even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies. We observed an increased frequency of cytotoxic tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, including tumor-specific cells. Combination treatment led to a decreased percentage of immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages and an improvement in dendritic cell maturation. Moreover, we observed expansion of the tumor-specific memory T cell compartment in secondary lymphoid organs in the group that received aPD-1 with the virus. However, although the non-replicative Ad5-CMV-mTNFα/mIL-2 virus allows high transgene expression in the murine model, it does not fully reflect the clinical outcome in humans. Thus, we complemented our findings using NSCLC ex vivo models fully permissive for the TNFα and IL-2- armed oncolytic adenovirus TILT-123. Overall, our data demonstrate the ability of systemically administered adenovirus armed with TNFα and IL-2 to potentiate the anti-tumor efficacy of aPD-1 and warrant further investigation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V. Kudling
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James H.A. Clubb
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Santeri Pakola
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dafne C.A. Quixabeira
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iris A.K. Lähdeniemi
- Translational Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Camilla Heiniö
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Victor Arias
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Havunen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Victor Cervera-Carrascon
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joao M. Santos
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Sutinen
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Räsänen
- General Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristian Borenius
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
- General Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko I. Mäyränpää
- Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital (HUSLAB), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Aaltonen
- Faculty of Medicine, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi Sorsa
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Otto Hemminki
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Urology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Kanerva
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emmy W. Verschuren
- Translational Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka Ilonen
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
- General Thoracic and Esophageal Surgery, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
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Muthukutty P, Yoo SY. Oncolytic Virus Engineering and Utilizations: Cancer Immunotherapy Perspective. Viruses 2023; 15:1645. [PMID: 37631987 PMCID: PMC10459766 DOI: 10.3390/v15081645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses have positively impacted cancer immunotherapy over the past 20 years. Both natural and genetically modified viruses have shown promising results in treating various cancers. Various regulatory authorities worldwide have approved four commercial oncolytic viruses, and more are being developed to overcome this limitation and obtain better anti-tumor responses in clinical trials at various stages. Faster advancements in translating research into the commercialization of cancer immunotherapy and a comprehensive understanding of the modification strategies will widen the current knowledge of future technologies related to the development of oncolytic viruses. In this review, we discuss the strategies of virus engineering and the progress of clinical trials to achieve virotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - So Young Yoo
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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35
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Letafati A, Ardekani OS, Naderisemiromi M, Fazeli MM, Jemezghani NA, Yavarian J. Oncolytic viruses against cancer, promising or delusion? Med Oncol 2023; 40:246. [PMID: 37458862 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is one of the most challenging topics in medical sciences. Different methods such as chemotherapy, tumor surgery, and immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy (ICIs) are potential approaches to treating cancer and killing tumor cells, but clinical studies have shown that they have been successful for a limited group of patients. Using viruses as a treatment can be considered as an effective treatment in the field of medicine. This is considered as a potential treatment, especially in comparison to chemotherapy, which has severe side effects related to the immune system. Most oncolytic viruses (OVs) have the potential to multiply in cancer cells, which are more than normal cells in malignant tissue and can induce immune responses. Therefore, tons of efforts and research have been started on the utilization of OVs as a treatment for cancer and have shown promising in treating cancers with less side effects. In this article, we have gathered studies about oncolytic viruses and their effectiveness in cancer treatment.Please confirm if the author names are presented accurately and in the correct sequence (given name, middle name/initial, family name). Author 1 Given name: [Omid Salahi] Last name [Ardekani], Author 2 Given name: [Mohammad Mehdi] Last name [Fazeli], Author 3 Given name: [Nillofar Asadi] Last name [Jemezghani]. Also, kindly confirm the details in the metadata are correct.Confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Letafati
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Salahi Ardekani
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Naderisemiromi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Fazeli
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jila Yavarian
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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36
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Floyd W, Pierpoint M, Su C, Patel R, Luo L, Deland K, Wisdom AJ, Zhu D, Ma Y, DeWitt SB, Williams NT, Lazarides AL, Somarelli JA, Corcoran DL, Eward WC, Cardona DM, Kirsch DG. Atrx deletion impairs CGAS/STING signaling and increases sarcoma response to radiation and oncolytic herpesvirus. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e149310. [PMID: 37200088 PMCID: PMC10313374 DOI: 10.1172/jci149310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
ATRX is one of the most frequently altered genes in solid tumors, and mutation is especially frequent in soft tissue sarcomas. However, the role of ATRX in tumor development and response to cancer therapies remains poorly understood. Here, we developed a primary mouse model of soft tissue sarcoma and showed that Atrx-deleted tumors were more sensitive to radiation therapy and to oncolytic herpesvirus. In the absence of Atrx, irradiated sarcomas had increased persistent DNA damage, telomere dysfunction, and mitotic catastrophe. Our work also showed that Atrx deletion resulted in downregulation of the CGAS/STING signaling pathway at multiple points in the pathway and was not driven by mutations or transcriptional downregulation of the CGAS/STING pathway components. We found that both human and mouse models of Atrx-deleted sarcoma had a reduced adaptive immune response, markedly impaired CGAS/STING signaling, and increased sensitivity to TVEC, an oncolytic herpesvirus that is currently FDA approved for the treatment of aggressive melanomas. Translation of these results to patients with ATRX-mutant cancers could enable genomically guided cancer therapy approaches to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren Floyd
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and
| | | | - Chang Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and
| | - Rutulkumar Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katherine Deland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amy J. Wisdom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, and
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Nerissa T. Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jason A. Somarelli
- Department of Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David L. Corcoran
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Diana M. Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology and
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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37
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Gao Y, Bergman I. Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) G Glycoprotein Can Be Modified to Create a Her2/Neu-Targeted VSV That Eliminates Large Implanted Mammary Tumors. J Virol 2023; 97:e0037223. [PMID: 37199666 PMCID: PMC10308914 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00372-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral oncolytic immunotherapy is a nascent field that is developing tools to direct the immune system to find and eliminate cancer cells. Safety is improved by using cancer-targeted viruses that infect or grow poorly on normal cells. The recent discovery of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor as the major vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) binding site allowed for the creation of a Her2/neu-targeted replicating recombinant VSV (rrVSV-G) by eliminating the LDL receptor binding site in the VSV-G glycoprotein (gp) and adding a sequence coding for a single chain antibody (SCA) to the Her2/neu receptor. The virus was adapted by serial passage on Her2/neu-expressing cancer cells resulting in a virus that yielded a 15- to 25-fold higher titer following in vitro infection of Her2/neu+-expressing cell lines than that of Her2/neu-negative cells (~1 × 108/mL versus 4 × 106 to 8 × 106/mL). An essential mutation resulting in a higher titer virus was a threonine-to-arginine change that produced an N-glycosylation site in the SCA. Infection of Her2/neu+ subcutaneous tumors yielded >10-fold more virus on days 1 and 2 than Her2/neu- tumors, and virus production continued for 5 days in Her2/neu+ tumors compared with 3 days that of 3 days in Her2/neu- tumors. rrVSV-G cured 70% of large 5-day peritoneal tumors compared with a 10% cure by a previously targeted rrVSV with a modified Sindbis gp. rrVSV-G also cured 33% of very large 7-day tumors. rrVSV-G is a new targeted oncolytic virus that has potent antitumor capabilities and allows for heterologous combination with other targeted oncolytic viruses. IMPORTANCE A new form of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was created that specifically targets and destroys cancer cells that express the Her2/neu receptor. This receptor is commonly found in human breast cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis. In laboratory tests using mouse models, the virus was highly effective at eliminating implanted tumors and creating a strong immune response against cancer. VSV has many advantages as a cancer treatment, including high levels of safety and efficacy and the ability to be combined with other oncolytic viruses to enhance treatment results or to create an effective cancer vaccine. This new virus can also be easily modified to target other cancer cell surface molecules and to add immune-modifying genes. Overall, this new VSV is a promising candidate for further development as an immune-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ira Bergman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Gesundheit B, Muckenhuber A, Posen Y, Ellis R, Zisman PD, Schmoll H, Weisslein C, Srinivas Raju J. Oncolytic virotherapy for metastatic breast cancer - a case report. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1186888. [PMID: 37350941 PMCID: PMC10282946 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1186888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and remains incurable after metastasis, with a 3-year overall survival rate of <40%. Case presentation A 40-year-old, Caucasian patient with a grade-3 estrogen receptor-, progesterone receptor-, Her2-positive breast tumor and two lung nodules was treated with intramuscular targeted immunotherapy with trastuzumab and oral tamoxifen hormone therapy, together with customized intra-tumoral oncolytic virotherapy (IT-OV) over a 17-month period. PET/CT imaging at 3 and 6 months showed increased primary tumor size and metabolic glucose uptake in the primary tumor, axillary lymph nodes and lung nodules, which were paralleled by a hyperimmune reaction in the bones, liver, and spleen. Thereafter, there was a steady decline in both tumor size and metabolic activity until no radiographic evidence of disease was observed. The treatment regimen was well tolerated and good quality of life was maintained throughout. Conclusion Integration of IT-OV immunotherapy in standard treatment protocols presents an attractive modality for late-stage primary tumors with an abscopal effect on metastases.
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Zolaly MA, Mahallawi W, Khawaji ZY, Alahmadi MA. The Clinical Advances of Oncolytic Viruses in Cancer Immunotherapy. Cureus 2023; 15:e40742. [PMID: 37485097 PMCID: PMC10361339 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A promising future for oncology treatment has been brought about by the emergence of a novel approach utilizing oncolytic viruses in cancer immunotherapy. Oncolytic viruses are viruses that have been exploited genetically to assault malignant cells and activate a robust immune response. Several techniques have been developed to endow viruses with an oncolytic activity through genetic engineering. For instance, redirection capsid modification, stimulation of anti-neoplastic immune response, and genetically arming viruses with cytokines such as IL-12. Oncolytic viral clinical outcomes are sought after, particularly in more advanced cancers. The effectiveness and safety profile of the oncolytic virus in clinical studies with or without the combination of standard treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or primary excision) has been assessed using response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST). This review will comprehensively outline the most recent clinical applications and provide the results from various phases of clinical trials in a variety of cancers in the latest published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Zolaly
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, SAU
| | - Waleed Mahallawi
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, SAU
| | - Zakaria Y Khawaji
- Medicine and Surgery, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, SAU
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Duan S, Wang S, Qiao L, Yu X, Wang N, Chen L, Zhang X, Zhao X, Liu H, Wang T, Wu Y, Li N, Liu F. Oncolytic Virus-Driven Biotherapies from Bench to Bedside. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206948. [PMID: 36879416 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With advances in cancer biology and an ever-deepening understanding of molecular virology, oncolytic virus (OV)-driven therapies have developed rapidly and become a promising alternative to traditional cancer therapies. In recent years, satisfactory results for oncolytic virus therapy (OVT) are achieved at both the cellular and organismal levels, and efforts are being increasingly directed toward clinical trials. Unfortunately, OVT remains ineffective in these trials, especially when performed using only a single OV reagent. In contrast, integrated approaches, such as using immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy, alongside OVT have demonstrated considerable efficacy. The challenges of OVT in clinical efficacy include the restricted scope of intratumoral injections and poor targeting of intravenous administration. Further optimization of OVT delivery is needed before OVs become a viable therapy for tumor treatment. In this review, the development process and antitumor mechanisms of OVs are introduced. The advances in OVT delivery routes to provide perspectives and directions for the improvement of OVT delivery are highlighted. This review also discusses the advantages and limitations of OVT monotherapy and combination therapy through the lens of recent clinical trials and aims to chart a course toward safer and more effective OVT strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Duan
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- Colorectal and Henia Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xinbo Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Liting Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Tianye Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Department of General Practice, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ning Li
- Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Funan Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Phase I Clinical Trials Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
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Dryja P, Curtsinger HD, Bartee MY, Bartee E. Defects in intratumoral arginine metabolism attenuate the replication and therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic myxoma virus. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006388. [PMID: 37270180 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arginine (Arg) is a semiessential amino acid whose bioavailability is required for the in vitro replication of several oncolytic viruses. In vivo, Arg bioavailability is regulated by a combination of dietary intake, protein catabolism, and limited biosynthesis through portions of the urea cycle. Interestingly, despite the importance of bioavailable Arg to support cellular proliferation, many forms of cancer are functionally auxotrophic for this amino acid due to the epigenetic silencing of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1), an enzyme responsible for the conversion of citrulline and aspartate into the Arg precursor argininosuccinate. The impact of this silencing on oncolytic virotherapy (OV), however, has never been examined. METHODS To address this gap in knowledge, we generated tumor cells lacking ASS1 and examined how loss of this enzyme impacted the in vivo replication and therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic myxoma virus (MYXV). We also generated a series of recombinant MYXV constructs expressing exogenous ASS1 to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of virally reconstituting Arg biosynthesis in ASS1-/- tumors. RESULTS Our results show that the in vitro replication of oncolytic MYXV is dependent on the presence of bioavailable Arg. This dependence can be overcome by the addition of the metabolic precursor citrulline, however, this rescue requires expression of ASS1. Because of this, tumors formed from functionally ASS1-/- cells display significantly reduced MYXV replication as well as poorer therapeutic responses. Critically, both defects could be partially rescued by expressing exogenous ASS1 from recombinant oncolytic MYXVs. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that intratumoral defects to Arg metabolism can serve as a novel barrier to virally induced immunotherapy and that the exogenous expression of ASS1 can improve the efficacy of OV in Arg-auxotrophic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker Dryja
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathobiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Heather D Curtsinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Mee Y Bartee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Eric Bartee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Ban W, Sun M, Huang H, Huang W, Pan S, Liu P, Li B, Cheng Z, He Z, Liu F, Sun J. Engineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles encapsulating oncolytic adenoviruses enhance the efficacy of cancer virotherapy by augmenting tumor cell autophagy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2933. [PMID: 37217527 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenovirus (Ad) infection promotes intracellular autophagy in tumors. This could kill cancer cells and contribute to Ads-mediated anticancer immunity. However, the low intratumoral content of intravenously delivered Ads could be insufficient to efficiently activate tumor over-autophagy. Herein, we report bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)-encapsulating Ads as microbial nanocomposites that are engineered for autophagy-cascade-augmented immunotherapy. Biomineral shells cover the surface antigens of OMVs to slow their clearance during in vivo circulation, enhancing intratumoral accumulation. After entering tumor cells, there is excessive H2O2 accumulation through the catalytic effect of overexpressed pyranose oxidase (P2O) from microbial nanocomposite. This increases oxidative stress levels and triggers tumor autophagy. The autophagy-induced autophagosomes further promote Ads replication in infected tumor cells, leading to Ads-overactivated autophagy. Moreover, OMVs are powerful immunostimulants for remolding the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, facilitating antitumor immune response in preclinical cancer models in female mice. Therefore, the present autophagy-cascade-boosted immunotherapeutic method can expand OVs-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyue Ban
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Hanwei Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Wanxu Huang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Siwei Pan
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China
| | - Bingwu Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenguo Cheng
- Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Funan Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China.
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Meo C, Palma G, Bruzzese F, Budillon A, Napoli C, de Nigris F. Spontaneous cancer remission after COVID-19: insights from the pandemic and their relevance for cancer treatment. J Transl Med 2023; 21:273. [PMID: 37085802 PMCID: PMC10119533 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04110-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, it emerged that the risk of severe outcomes was greater in patients with co-morbidities, including cancer. The huge effort undertaken to fight the pandemic, affects the management of cancer care, influencing their outcome. Despite the high fatality rate of COVID-19 disease in cancer patients, rare cases of temporary or prolonged clinical remission from cancers after SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported. We have reviewed sixteen case reports of COVID-19 disease with spontaneous cancer reduction of progression. Fourteen cases of remission following viral infections and two after anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The immune response to COVID-19, may be implicated in both tumor regression, and progression. Specifically, we discuss potential mechanisms which include oncolytic and priming hypotheses, that may have contributed to the cancer regression in these cases and could be useful for future options in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Meo
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palma
- S.S.D. Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bruzzese
- S.S.D. Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Scientific Directorate - National Institute of Cancer - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistic Units, Division of Clinical Immunology and Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine, and Transplant Immunology (SIMT), Azienda Universitaria Policlinico (AOU), 80138, Naples, Italy
- Advanced Medical and Surgical Science (DAMSS), School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena de Nigris
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy.
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Thoidingjam S, Sriramulu S, Freytag S, Brown SL, Kim JH, Chetty IJ, Siddiqui F, Movsas B, Nyati S. Oncolytic virus-based suicide gene therapy for cancer treatment: a perspective of the clinical trials conducted at Henry Ford Health. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 8:11. [PMID: 37065938 PMCID: PMC10088621 DOI: 10.1186/s41231-023-00144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy manipulates or modifies a gene that provides a new cellular function to treat or correct a pathological condition, such as cancer. The approach of using gene manipulation to modify patient's cells to improve cancer therapy and potentially find a cure is gaining popularity. Currently, there are 12 gene therapy products approved by US-FDA, EMA and CFDA for cancer management, these include Rexin-G, Gendicine, Oncorine, Provange among other. The Radiation Biology Research group at Henry Ford Health has been actively developing gene therapy approaches for improving clinical outcome in cancer patients. The team was the first to test a replication-competent oncolytic virus armed with a therapeutic gene in humans, to combine this approach with radiation in humans, and to image replication-competent adenoviral gene expression/activity in humans. The adenoviral gene therapy products developed at Henry Ford Health have been evaluated in more than 6 preclinical studies and evaluated in 9 investigator initiated clinical trials treating more than100 patients. Two phase I clinical trials are currently following patients long term and a phase I trial for recurrent glioma was initiated in November 2022. This systematic review provides an overview of gene therapy approaches and products employed for treating cancer patients including the products developed at Henry Ford Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Thoidingjam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Sushmitha Sriramulu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Svend Freytag
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Stephen L. Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Indrin J. Chetty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Farzan Siddiqui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Benjamin Movsas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Shyam Nyati
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health, 1 Ford Place, 5D-42, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
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Wang S, Liang B, Wang W, Li L, Feng N, Zhao Y, Wang T, Yan F, Yang S, Xia X. Viral vectored vaccines: design, development, preventive and therapeutic applications in human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:149. [PMID: 37029123 PMCID: PMC10081433 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented challenges to public health security and the global economy. The development and distribution of novel prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines are the prioritized countermeasures of human disease. Among all vaccine platforms, viral vector vaccines offer distinguished advantages and represent prominent choices for pathogens that have hampered control efforts based on conventional vaccine approaches. Currently, viral vector vaccines remain one of the best strategies for induction of robust humoral and cellular immunity against human diseases. Numerous viruses of different families and origins, including vesicular stomatitis virus, rabies virus, parainfluenza virus, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, influenza virus, adenovirus and poxvirus, are deemed to be prominent viral vectors that differ in structural characteristics, design strategy, antigen presentation capability, immunogenicity and protective efficacy. This review summarized the overall profile of the design strategies, progress in advance and steps taken to address barriers to the deployment of these viral vector vaccines, simultaneously highlighting their potential for mucosal delivery, therapeutic application in cancer as well as other key aspects concerning the rational application of these viral vector vaccines. Appropriate and accurate technological advances in viral vector vaccines would consolidate their position as a leading approach to accelerate breakthroughs in novel vaccines and facilitate a rapid response to public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Li
- China National Research Center for Exotic Animal Diseases, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Feng
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Feihu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Songtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China.
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Huang Z, Guo H, Lin L, Li S, Yang Y, Han Y, Huang W, Yang J. Application of oncolytic virus in tumor therapy. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28729. [PMID: 37185868 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) can selectively kill tumor cells without affecting normal cells, as well as activate the innate and adaptive immune systems in patients. Thus, they have been considered as a promising measure for safe and effective cancer treatment. Recently, a few genetically engineered OVs have been developed to further improve the effect of tumor elimination by expressing specific immune regulatory factors and thus enhance the body's antitumor immunity. In addition, the combined therapies of OVs and other immunotherapies have been applied in clinical. Although there are many studies on this hot topic, a comprehensive review is missing on illustrating the mechanisms of tumor clearance by OVs and how to modify engineered OVs to further enhance their antitumor effects. In this study, we provided a review on the mechanisms of immune regulatory factors in OVs. In addition, we reviewed the combined therapies of OVs with other therapies including radiotherapy and CAR-T or TCR-T cell therapy. The review is useful in further generalize the usage of OV in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Huang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Fuzhou, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shixiong Li
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Liver Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Center of Tree Shrew Germplasm Resources, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Yang
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
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Gene-based delivery of immune-activating cytokines for cancer treatment. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:329-342. [PMID: 36828711 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Tumors evolve together with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and reshape it towards immunosuppression. Immunostimulating cytokines can be used to revert this state leading to effective antitumor immune responses, but their exploitation as anticancer drugs has been hampered by severe toxicity associated with systemic administration. Local, TME-targeted delivery of immune activating cytokines can deploy their antitumoral function more effectively than systemic administration while, at the same time, avoiding exposure of healthy organs and limiting toxicity. Here, we review different gene and cell therapy platforms developed for tumor-directed cytokine delivery highlighting their potential for clinical translation.
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Gryciuk A, Rogalska M, Baran J, Kuryk L, Staniszewska M. Oncolytic Adenoviruses Armed with Co-Stimulatory Molecules for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071947. [PMID: 37046608 PMCID: PMC10093006 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical trials, adenovirus vectors (AdVs) are commonly used platforms for human gene delivery therapy. High genome capacity and flexibility in gene organization make HAdVs suitable for cloning. Recent advancements in molecular techniques have influenced the development of genetically engineered adenovirus vectors showing therapeutic potential. Increased molecular understanding of the benefits and limitations of HAdVs in preclinical research and clinical studies is a crucial point in the engineering of refined oncolytic vectors. This review presents HAdV species (A-G) used in oncotherapy. We describe the adenovirus genome organizations and modifications, the possibilities oncolytic viruses offer, and their current limitations. Ongoing and ended clinical trials based on oncolytic adenoviruses are presented. This review provides a broad overview of the current knowledge of oncolytic therapy. HAdV-based strategies targeting tumors by employing variable immune modifiers or delivering immune stimulatory factors are of great promise in the field of immune oncologyy This approach can change the face of the fight against cancer, supplying the medical tools to defeat tumors more selectively and safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Gryciuk
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, Centre of Advanced Materials and Technology CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Rogalska
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, Centre of Advanced Materials and Technology CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Baran
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, Centre of Advanced Materials and Technology CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Kuryk
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health NIH-NRI, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
- Valo Therapeutics, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Monika Staniszewska
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, Centre of Advanced Materials and Technology CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
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Swanner J, Shim JS, Rivera-Caraballo KA, Vázquez-Arreguín K, Hong B, Bueso-Perez AJ, Lee TJ, Banasavadi-Siddegowda YK, Kaur B, Yoo JY. esRAGE-expressing oHSV enhances anti-tumor efficacy by inhibition of endothelial cell activation. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 28:171-181. [PMID: 36789106 PMCID: PMC9918391 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule that plays an important role in inflammation and tumorigenesis. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is one of the major receptors to which extracellular HMGB1 binds to mediate its activity. RAGE is highly expressed on the endothelial cells (ECs) and regulates endothelial permeability during inflammation. Here, we introduced the endogenous secretory form of RAGE (esRAGE) as a decoy receptor for RAGE ligands into an oncolytic herpes simplex virus 1 (oHSV) (OVesRAGE), which, upon release, can function to block RAGE signaling. OVesRAGE significantly decreased phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and Erk and increased cleaved PARP in glioblastoma (GBM) cells in vitro and in vivo. oHSV-infected GBM cells co-cultured with ECs were used to test OVesRAGE effect on EC activation, vessel leakiness, virus replication, and tumor cell killing. OVesRAGE could effectively secrete esRAGE and rescue virus-induced EC migration and activation. Reduced EC activation facilitated virus replication in tumor cells when co-cultured with ECs. Finally, OVesRAGE significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy in GBM-bearing mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate that HMGB1-RAGE signaling could be a promising target and that its inhibition is a feasible approach to improve the efficacy of oHSV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Swanner
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ji Seon Shim
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Rivera-Caraballo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, CN-3311, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Karina Vázquez-Arreguín
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, CN-3311, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Bangxing Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, CN-3311, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Alberto J. Bueso-Perez
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, CN-3311, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., MSE R117A, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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50
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Hoang HD, Said A, Vaidya N, Gilchrist VH, Malone K, Kabilan U, Topshee S, Xiang X, Yang AD, Olagnier D, Mossman K, Beug ST, Jafarnejad SM, Workenhe ST, Graber TE, Alain T. Adaptation of transgene mRNA translation boosts the anticancer efficacy of oncolytic HSV1. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006408. [PMID: 36958764 PMCID: PMC10040010 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgenes deliver therapeutic payloads to improve oncolytic virus immunotherapy. Transgenes encoded within oncolytic viruses are designed to be highly transcribed, but protein synthesis is often negatively affected by viral infection, compromising the amount of therapeutic protein expressed. Studying the oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV1), we found standard transgene mRNAs to be suboptimally translated in infected cells. METHODS Using RNA-Seq reads, we determined the transcription start sites and 5'leaders of HSV1 genes and uncovered the US11 5'leader to confer superior activity in translation reporter assays. We then incorporated this 5'leader into GM-CSF expression cassette in oncolytic HSV1 and compared the translationally adapted oncolytic virus with the conventional, leaderless, virus in vitro and in mice. RESULTS Inclusion of the US11 5'leader in the GM-CSF transgene incorporated into HSV1 boosted translation in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, treatment with US11 5'leader-GM-CSF oncolytic HSV1 showed superior antitumor immune activity and improved survival in a syngeneic mouse model of colorectal cancer as compared with leaderless-GM-CSF HSV1. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the therapeutic value of identifying and integrating platform-specific cis-acting sequences that confer increased protein synthesis on transgene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy-Dung Hoang
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aida Said
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nasana Vaidya
- Department Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria H Gilchrist
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyle Malone
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Usha Kabilan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Serena Topshee
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiao Xiang
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - An-Dao Yang
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karen Mossman
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shawn T Beug
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Samuel T Workenhe
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyson E Graber
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tommy Alain
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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