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Huang S, Liu W, Zhao Q, Chen T, Huang R, Dong L, Nian Z, Yang L. Immunogenic Cell Death-related Signature Evaluates the Tumor Microenvironment and Predicts the Prognosis in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10697-6. [PMID: 38446321 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Current literatures suggest a growing body of evidence highlighting the pivotal role of Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD) in multiple tumor types. Nevertheless, the potential and mechanisms of ICD in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remain inadequately studied. To address this gap, our current study aims to examine the impact of ICD on DLBCL and identify a corresponding gene signature in DLBC. Using the expression profiles of ICD-associated genes, the gene expression omnibus (GEO) samples were segregated into ICD-high and ICD-low subtypes utilizing non-negative matrix factorization clustering. Next, univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses were employed to establish the ICD-related gene signature. Subsequently, the CIBERSORT tool, ssGSEA, and ESTIMATE algorithm were utilized to examine the association between the signature and tumor immune microenvironment of DLBC. Finally, the oncoPredict algorithm was implemented to evaluate the drug sensitivity prediction of DLBCL patients. These findings suggest that the immune microenvironment of the ICD-high group with a poor prognosis was significantly suppressed. An 8-gene ICD-related signature was identified and validated to prognosticate and evaluate the tumor immune microenvironment in DLBCL. Similarly, the high-risk group exhibited a worse prognosis compared to the low-risk group, and the immune function was considerably suppressed. Moreover, the results of oncoPredict algorithm indicated that patients in the high-risk group exhibited higher sensitivity to Cisplatin, Cytarabine, Epirubicin, Oxaliplatin, and Vincristine with low IC50. In conclusion, the present study provides novel insights into the role of ICD in DLBCL by identifying a new biomarker for the disease and may have implications for the development of immune-targeted therapies for the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Huang
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiuling Zhao
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ruyi Huang
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liangliang Dong
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zilin Nian
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No.420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Bharadwaj AG, Okura GC, Woods JW, Allen EA, Miller VA, Kempster E, Hancock MA, Gujar S, Slibinskas R, Waisman DM. Identification and characterization of calreticulin as a novel plasminogen receptor. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105465. [PMID: 37979915 PMCID: PMC10770727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) was originally identified as a key calcium-binding protein of the endoplasmic reticulum. Subsequently, CRT was shown to possess multiple intracellular functions, including roles in calcium homeostasis and protein folding. Recently, several extracellular functions have been identified for CRT, including roles in cancer cell invasion and phagocytosis of apoptotic and cancer cells by macrophages. In the current report, we uncover a novel function for extracellular CRT and report that CRT functions as a plasminogen-binding receptor that regulates the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. We show that human recombinant or bovine tissue-derived CRT dramatically stimulated the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin by tissue plasminogen activator or urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed that CRT-bound plasminogen (KD = 1.8 μM) with moderate affinity. Plasminogen binding and activation by CRT were inhibited by ε-aminocaproic acid, suggesting that an internal lysine residue of CRT interacts with plasminogen. We subsequently show that clinically relevant CRT variants (lacking four or eight lysines in carboxyl-terminal region) exhibited decreased plasminogen activation. Furthermore, CRT-deficient fibroblasts generated 90% less plasmin and CRT-depleted MDA MB 231 cells also demonstrated a significant reduction in plasmin generation. Moreover, treatment of fibroblasts with mitoxantrone dramatically stimulated plasmin generation by WT but not CRT-deficient fibroblasts. Our results suggest that CRT is an important cellular plasminogen regulatory protein. Given that CRT can empower cells with plasmin proteolytic activity, this discovery may provide new mechanistic insight into the established role of CRT in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alamelu G Bharadwaj
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Gillian C Okura
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - John W Woods
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Erica A Allen
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Victoria A Miller
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Emma Kempster
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Mark A Hancock
- McGill SPR-MS Facility, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Rimantas Slibinskas
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - David M Waisman
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Arroyo E, Pérez Sayáns M, Bravo SB, de Oliveira Barbeiro C, Paravani Palaçon M, Chamorro Petronacci CM, García Vence M, Chantada Vázquez MDP, Blanco Carrión A, Suárez Peñaranda JM, García García A, Gándara Vila P, Días Almeida J, Veríssimo da Costa GC, Sousa Nogueira FC, Medeiros Evaristo JA, de Abreu Pereira D, Rintala M, Salo T, Rautava J, Padín Iruegas E, Oliveira Alves MG, Morandin Ferrisse T, Albergoni da Silveira H, Esquiche León J, Vilela Silva E, Flores IL, Bufalino A. Identification of Proteomic Biomarkers in Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia through Liquid Chromatography With Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100222. [PMID: 37507024 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is an oral potentially malignant disorder associated with high risk of malignant transformation. Currently, there is no treatment available, and restrictive follow-up of patients is crucial for a better prognosis. Oral leukoplakia (OL) shares some clinical and microscopic features with PVL but exhibits different clinical manifestations and a lower rate of malignant transformation. This study aimed to investigate the proteomic profile of PVL in tissue and saliva samples to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers with therapeutic implications. Tissue and saliva samples obtained from patients with PVL were compared with those from patients with oral OL and controls. Label-free liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was employed, followed by qualitative and quantitative analyses, to identify differentially expressed proteins. Potential biomarkers were identified and further validated using immunohistochemistry. Staining intensity scan analyses were performed on tissue samples from patients with PVL, patients with OL, and controls from Brazil, Spain, and Finland. The study revealed differences in the immune system, cell cycle, DNA regulation, apoptosis pathways, and the whole proteome of PVL samples. In addition, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analyses showed that calreticulin (CALR), receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1), and 14-3-3 Tau-protein (YWHAQ) were highly expressed in PVL samples. Immunohistochemistry validation confirmed increased CARL expression in PVL compared with OL. Conversely, RACK1 and YWHA were highly expressed in oral potentially malignant disorder compared to the control group. Furthermore, significant differences in CALR and RACK1 expression were observed in the OL group when comparing samples with and without oral epithelial dysplasia, unlike the PVL. This research provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions and highlights potential targets for future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Arroyo
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Pérez Sayáns
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de los materiales de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Santiago, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS) (ORALRES Group), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Susana Belen Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Camila de Oliveira Barbeiro
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Paravani Palaçon
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - María García Vence
- Proteomic Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Andrés Blanco Carrión
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de los materiales de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Santiago, Spain
| | - José M Suárez Peñaranda
- Servicio de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago, Choupana s/n Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Abel García García
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de los materiales de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Santiago, Spain
| | - Pilar Gándara Vila
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de los materiales de Santiago de Compostela (iMATUS), Santiago, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS) (ORALRES Group), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Janete Días Almeida
- Department of Bioscience and Buccal Diagnosis, São José dos Campos, Science and Technologies Institute, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovani Carlo Veríssimo da Costa
- Department of Basic Sciences, Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Univ. Federal Fluminense, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Proteomics, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio César Sousa Nogueira
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joseph Albert Medeiros Evaristo
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise de Abreu Pereira
- Program on Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology, Research Coordination, National Institute of Cancer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mirjami Rintala
- Department of Oral Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Cancer and Translational Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaana Rautava
- Department of Oral Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elena Padín Iruegas
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Area, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Heitor Albergoni da Silveira
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Esquiche León
- Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School (FORP/USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evânio Vilela Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isadora Luana Flores
- Oral Pathology Area, Conservative Dentistry Department, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil
| | - Andreia Bufalino
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang X, Mi ZH. Identification of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer based on gene expression omnibus. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:6344-6362. [PMID: 37900246 PMCID: PMC10600985 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i27.6344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is regarded as a highly malignant neoplasm in the female population, posing a significant risk to women's overall well-being. The prevalence of breast cancer has been observed to rise in China, accompanied by an earlier age of onset when compared to Western countries. Breast cancer continues to be a prominent contributor to cancer-related mortality and morbidity among women, primarily due to its limited responsiveness to conventional treatment modalities. The diagnostic process is challenging due to the presence of non-specific clinical manifestations and the suboptimal precision of conventional diagnostic tests. There is a prevailing uncertainty regarding the most effective screening method and target populations, as well as the specificities and execution of screening programs. AIM To identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer. METHODS Overlapping differentially expressed genes were screened based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE36765, GSE10810, and GSE20086) and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. A protein-protein interaction network was applied to excavate the hub genes among these differentially expressed genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses, as well as gene set enrichment analyses, were conducted to examine the functions of these genes and their potential mechanisms in the development of breast cancer. For clarification of the diagnostic and prognostic roles of these genes, Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses were conducted. RESULTS This study demonstrated that calreticulin, heat shock protein family B member 1, insulin-like growth Factor 1, interleukin-1 receptor 1, Krüppel-like factor 4, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, and triosephosphate isomerase 1 are potential diagnostic biomarkers of breast cancer as well as potential treatment targets with clinical implications. CONCLUSION The screening of biomarkers is of guiding significance for the diagnosis and prognosis of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, HuLunBuir Peoples’s Hospital, HuLunBuir 010018, Nei Monggol Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Mi
- Department of Research and Marketing, Inner Mongolia Di An Feng Xin Medical Technology Co., LTD, Huhhot 010010, Nei Monggol Autonomous Region, China
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5
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Zhang M, Xiao J, Liu J, Bai X, Zeng X, Zhang Z, Liu F. Calreticulin as a marker and therapeutic target for cancer. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1393-1404. [PMID: 36335525 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) is a multifunctional protein found within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In addition, CRT participates in the formation and development of tumors and promotes the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. When a malignant tumor occurs in the human body, cancer cells that die from immunogenic cell death (ICD) expose CRT on their surface, and CRT that is transferred to the cell surface represents an "eat me" signal, which promotes dendritic cells to phagocytose the tumor cells, thereby increasing the sensitivity of tumors to anticancer immunotherapy. Expression of CRT in tumor tissues is higher than in normal tissues and is associated with disease progression in many malignant tumors. Thus, the dysfunctional production of CRT can promote tumorigenesis because it disturbs not only the balance of healthy cells but also the body's immune surveillance. CRT may be a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target for cancer, which is discussed extensively in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Zhang
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hengyang Medical School, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangrong Liu
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Chang NC, Wu YJ, Wang LF, Chan LP, Chai CY, Chen Ms WT, Tsai SM, Chien CY, Ho KY. Downregulation of Calreticulin and Annexin A2 Expression in Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma by 2-DE Analysis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2022; 132:684-691. [PMID: 35833235 DOI: 10.1177/00034894221111255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many factors are thought to be associated with the development of cholesteatoma, while the mechanisms of its formation remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the potential mechanisms of the proliferation and growth of cholesteatoma by analysis of the differential expressions of proteins in cholesteatoma and retroauricular skin tissue collected from the same patients. METHODS The present study is a retrospective study performed in an academic medical center. Comparative proteomics analyses using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), in addition to immunohistochemical analysis, were conducted to identify differentially-expressed proteins in cholesteatoma tissue as compared with retroauricular skin tissue. Western blotting was also employed to verify the expression patterns of the specific proteins identified by 2-DE and to measure the changes in potential modulators related to cholesteatoma proliferation and growth. RESULTS Calreticulin (CRT) and annexin A2 (AnxA2) were identified as being differentially-expressed in cholesteatoma by 2-DE and LC-MS/MS, the results of which were in agreement with the results of immunohistochemical analysis and western blotting. Downregulation of CRT and AnxA2 were observed in cholesteatoma. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that CRT and AnxA2 downregulation are seen in cholesteatoma compared to retroauricular skin. We speculate that the reduced expression of CRT and the persistent inflammatory response play important roles in the epithelial proliferation of cholesteatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Chia Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Biological Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Feng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Leong-Perng Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Tzu Chen Ms
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Meng Tsai
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Yao Ho
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Wang L, Chen J, Zuo Q, Wu C, Yu T, Zheng P, Huang H, Deng J, Fang L, Liu H, Li C, Yu P, Zou Q, Zheng J. Calreticulin enhances gastric cancer metastasis by dimethylating H3K9 in the E-cadherin promoter region mediating by G9a. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:29. [PMID: 35641480 PMCID: PMC9156786 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The latest study shows that gastric cancer (GC) ranked the fifth most common cancer (5.6%) with over 1 million estimated new cases annually and the fourth most common cause of cancer death (7.7%) globally in 2020. Metastasis is the leading cause of GC treatment failure. Therefore, clarifying the regulatory mechanisms for GC metastatic process is necessary. In the current study, we discovered that calreticulin (CALR) was highly expressed in GC tissues and related to lymph node metastasis and patient’s terrible prognosis. The introduction of CALR dramatically promoted GC cell migration in vitro and in vivo, while the repression of CALR got the opposite effects. Cell migration is a functional consequence of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is related to adhesion of cells. Additionally, we observed that CALR inhibition or overexpression regulated the expression of EMT markers (E-cadherin, ZO-1, Snail, N-cadherin, and ZEB1) and cellular adhesive moleculars (Fibronectin, integrin β1and MMP2). Mechanistically, our data indicated that CALR could mediate DNA methylation of E-cadherin promoter by interacting with G9a, a major euchromatin methyltransferase responsible for methylation of histone H3 on lysine 9(H3K9me2) and recruiting G9a to the E-cadherin promoter. Knockdown of G9a in CALR overexpressing models restored E-cadherin expression and blocked the stimulatory effects of CALR on GC cell migration. Taken together, these findings not only reveal critical roles of CALR medicated GC metastasis but also provide novel treatment strategies for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianfei Zuo
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmei Wu
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Yu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Zheng
- Department of medicinal chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Lichao Fang
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenghong Li
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiwu Yu
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China.
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China.
| | - Junsong Zheng
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, 400038, Chongqing, China.
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8
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Jiang H, Li L, Zhu D, Zhou X, Yu Y, Zhou Q, Sun L. A Review of Nanotechnology for Treating Dysfunctional Placenta. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:845779. [PMID: 35402416 PMCID: PMC8987505 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.845779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta plays a significant role during pregnancy. Placental dysfunction contributes to major obstetric complications, such as fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. Currently, there is no effective treatment for placental dysfunction in the perinatal period, and prophylaxis is often delivered too late, at which point the disease manifestation cannot be prevented. However, with recent integration of nanoscience and medicine to perform elaborate experiments on the human placenta, it is expected that novel and efficient nanotherapies will be developed to resolve the challenge of managing placental dysfunction. The advent of nanomedicine has enabled the safe and targeted delivery of drugs using nanoparticles. These smart nanoparticles can load the necessary therapeutic substances that specifically target the placenta, such as drugs, targeting molecules, and ligands. Packaging multifunctional molecules into specific delivery systems with high targeting ability, diagnosis, and treatment has emerged as a novel theragnostic (both therapeutic and diagnostic) approach. In this review, the authors discuss recent advances in nanotechnology for placental dysfunction treatment. In particular, the authors highlight potential candidate nanoparticle-loaded molecules that target the placenta to improve utero-placental blood flow, and reduce reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. The authors intend to provide basic insight and understanding of placental dysfunction, potential delivery targets, and recent research on placenta-targeted nanoparticle delivery systems for the potential treatment of placental dysfunction. The authors hope that this review will sensitize the reader for continued exploration of novel nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongsheng Yu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yongsheng Yu, ; Qian Zhou, ; Luming Sun,
| | - Qian Zhou
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yongsheng Yu, ; Qian Zhou, ; Luming Sun,
| | - Luming Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yongsheng Yu, ; Qian Zhou, ; Luming Sun,
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Li Y, Liu X, Chen H, Xie P, Ma R, He J, Zhang H. Bioinformatics analysis for the role of CALR in human cancers. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261254. [PMID: 34910788 PMCID: PMC8673678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important public health problems in the world. The curative effect of traditional surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy is limited and has inevitable side effects. As a potential target for tumor therapy, few studies have comprehensively analyzed the role of CALR in cancers. Therefore, by using GeneCards, UALCAN, GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, COSMIC, Regulome Explorer, String, GeneMANIA and TIMER databases, we collected and analyzed relevant data to conduct in-depth bioinformatics research on the CALR expression in Pan-cancer to assess the possibility of CALR as a potential therapeutic target and survival biomarker. We studied the CALR expression in normal human tissues and various tumors of different stages, and found that CALR expression was associated with relapse free survival (RFS). We verified the expression of CALR in breast cancer cell lines by vitro experiments. Mutations of CALR were widely present in tumors. CALR interacted with different genes and various proteins. In tumors, a variety of immune cells are closely related to CALR. In conclusion, CALR can be used as a biomarker for predicting prognosis and a potential target for tumor molecular and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Li
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Liu
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heyan Chen
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiling Xie
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rulan Ma
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun He
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JH); (HZ)
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Departments of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JH); (HZ)
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Sha T, Li J, Sun S, Li J, Zhao X, Li Z, Cui Z. YEATS domain-containing 2 (YEATS2), targeted by microRNA miR-378a-5p, regulates growth and metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:7286-7296. [PMID: 34587874 PMCID: PMC8806651 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1977553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with poor prognosis and the development of HNSCC is a complex process. Some research have found that YEATS domain-containing 2 (YEATS2) is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer, whereas its function in HNSCC is left to be studied. The primary aim was to investigate the role of YEATS2 in proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration in HNSCC cells and explore the possible mechanisms. We found YEATS2 expression was elevated in HNSCC clinical samples. Our work also indicated YEATS2 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and diminished the migration and invasion capability in HNSCC cell lines, including Detroit562 and FaDu cells. Besides, these inhibiting effects of YEATS2 knockdown could be crippled by microRNA-378a-5p (miR-378a-5p) inhibitor. In conclusion, our data suggested that YEATS2 expression was regulated by miR-378a-5p and YEATS2 knockdown inhibited proliferation and metastasis while induced apoptosis in HNSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sha
- The Third Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqun Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuetao Zhao
- Department of Periodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Pedodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Cui
- The Third Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Prognostic association of starvation-induced gene expression in head and neck cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19130. [PMID: 34580365 PMCID: PMC8476550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98544-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy-related genes (ARGs) have been implicated in the initiation and progression of malignant tumor promotion. To investigate the dynamics of expression of genes, including ARGs, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells were placed under serum-free conditions to induce growth retardation and autophagy, and these starved cells were subjected to transcriptome analysis. Among the 21 starvation-induced genes (SIGs) located in the autophagy, cell proliferation, and survival signaling pathways, we identified SIGs that showed prominent up-regulation or down-regulation in vitro. These included AGR2, BST2, CALR, CD22, DDIT3, FOXA2, HSPA5, PIWIL4, PYCR1, SGK3, and TRIB3. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database of HNSCC patients was used to examine the expression of up-regulated genes, and CALR, HSPA5, and TRIB3 were found to be highly expressed relative to solid normal tissue in cancer and the survival rate was reduced in patients with high expression. Protein-protein interaction analysis demonstrated the formation of a dense network of these genes. Cox regression analysis revealed that high expression of CALR, HSPA5, and TRIB3 was associated with poor prognosis in patients with TCGA-HNSCC. Therefore, these SIGs up-regulated under serum starvation may be molecular prognostic markers in HNSCC patients.
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Sharma A, Ramena GT, Elble RC. Advances in Intracellular Calcium Signaling Reveal Untapped Targets for Cancer Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1077. [PMID: 34572262 PMCID: PMC8466575 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ distribution is a tightly regulated process. Numerous Ca2+ chelating, storage, and transport mechanisms are required to maintain normal cellular physiology. Ca2+-binding proteins, mainly calmodulin and calbindins, sequester free intracellular Ca2+ ions and apportion or transport them to signaling hubs needing the cations. Ca2+ channels, ATP-driven pumps, and exchangers assist the binding proteins in transferring the ions to and from appropriate cellular compartments. Some, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and lysosomes, act as Ca2+ repositories. Cellular Ca2+ homeostasis is inefficient without the active contribution of these organelles. Moreover, certain key cellular processes also rely on inter-organellar Ca2+ signaling. This review attempts to encapsulate the structure, function, and regulation of major intracellular Ca2+ buffers, sensors, channels, and signaling molecules before highlighting how cancer cells manipulate them to survive and thrive. The spotlight is then shifted to the slow pace of translating such research findings into anticancer therapeutics. We use the PubMed database to highlight current clinical studies that target intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Drug repurposing and improving the delivery of small molecule therapeutics are further discussed as promising strategies for speeding therapeutic development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarushi Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA;
| | - Grace T. Ramena
- Department of Aquaculture, University of Arkansas, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA;
| | - Randolph C. Elble
- Department of Pharmacology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA;
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Kanduła Z, Lewandowski K. Calreticulin – a multifaced protein. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.8892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CALR) is a highly conserved multi-function protein that primarily localizes within
the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It participates in various processes in the cells,
including glycoprotein chaperoning, regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, antigen processing and
presentation for adaptive immune response, cell adhesion/migration, cell proliferation, immunogenic
cell death, gene expression and RNA stability. The role of CALR in the assembly,
retrieval and cell surface expression of MHC class I molecules is well known. A fraction of
the total cellular CALR is localized in the cytosol, following its retro-translocation from the
ER. In the cell stress conditions, CALR is also expressed on the cell surface via an interaction
with phosphatidylserine localized on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. The abovementioned
mechanism is relevant for the recognition of the cells, as well as immunogenicity
and phagocytic uptake of proapoptotic and apoptotic cells.
Lastly, the presence of CALR exon 9 gene mutations was confirmed in patients with myeloproliferative
neoplasms. Their presence results in an abnormal CALR structure due to the
loss of its ER-retention sequence, CALR extra-ER localisation, the formation of a complex
with thrombopoietin receptor, and oncogenic transformation of hematopoietic stem cells. It
is also known that CALR exon 9 mutants are highly immunogenic and induce T cell response.
Despite this fact, CALR mutant positive hematopoietic cells emerge. The last phenomenon is
probably the result of the inhibition of phagocytosis of the cancer cells exposing CALR mutant
protein by dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Kanduła
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Lewandowski
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
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Ming T, Wu Y, Huan H, Jiang Q, Su C, Lu C, Zhou J, Li Y, Su X. Integrative proteomics and metabolomics profiling of the protective effects of Phascolosoma esculent ferritin on BMSCs in Cd(II) injury. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 212:111995. [PMID: 33529923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin is the major intracellular iron storage protein and is essential for iron homeostasis and detoxification. Cadmium affects cellular homeostasis and induces cell toxicity via sophisticated mechanisms. Here, we aimed to explore the mechanisms of cytoprotective effect of Phascolosoma esculenta ferritin (PeFer) on Cd(II)-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) injury. Herein, the effects of different treated groups on apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed using flow cytometric analysis. We further investigated the alterations of the three groups using integrative 2-DE-based proteomics and 1H NMR-based metabolomics profiles. The results indicate that PeFer reduces BMSC apoptosis induced by Cd(II) and delays G0/G1 cell cycle progression. A total of 19 proteins and 70 metabolites were significantly different among BMSC samples of the three groups. Notably, multiomics analysis revealed that Cd(II) might perturb the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway and disrupt biological processes related to the TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism, thereby suppressing the cell growth rate and initiating apoptosis; however, the addition of PeFer might protect BMSCs against cell apoptosis to improve cell survival by enhancing energy metabolism. This study provides a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of the protective effect of PeFer in BMSCs against Cd(II) injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinghong Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Hengshang Huan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Qinqin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Chang Su
- Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Byproducts from Ethylene Project, Ningbo Polytechnic College, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China
| | - Xiurong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315832, China.
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Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentially Affect Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion: A 2D-DIGE Proteomic Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4952876. [PMID: 33628783 PMCID: PMC7892224 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4952876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) display high tumor tropism and cause indirect effects through the cytokines they secrete. However, the effects of BM-MSCs on the biological behaviors of glioblastoma multiforme remain unclear. In this study, the conditioned medium from BM-MSCs significantly inhibited the proliferation of C6 cells (P < 0.05) but promoted their migration and invasion (P < 0.05). Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) proteomic analysis revealed 17 proteins differentially expressed in C6 cells exposed to the BM-MSC-conditioned medium including five upregulated proteins and 12 downregulated proteins. Among these, six differentially expressed proteins (Calr, Set, Oat, Npm1, Ddah1, and Tardbp) were closely related to cell proliferation and differentiation, and nine proteins (Pdia6, Sphk1, Anxa4, Vim, Tuba1c, Actr1b, Actn4, Rap2c, and Tpm2) were associated with motility and the cytoskeleton, which may modulate the invasion and migration of tumor cells. Above all, by identifying the differentially expressed proteins using proteomics and bioinformatics analysis, BM-MSCs could be genetically modified to specifically express tumor-suppressive factors when BM-MSCs are to be used as tumor-selective targeting carriers in the future.
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Breast Cancer-Derived Microvesicles Are the Source of Functional Metabolic Enzymes as Potential Targets for Cancer Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020107. [PMID: 33499132 PMCID: PMC7910888 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-derived extracellular vesicles, referred to as microvesicles (MVs), have been proposed to participate in several cancer diseases. In this study, MV fractions were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation from a metastatic breast cancer (BC) cell line MDA-MB-231 and a non-cancerous breast cell line MCF10A, then analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 1519 MV proteins were identified from both cell lines. The data obtained were compared to previously analyzed proteins from small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), revealing 1272 proteins present in both MVs and sEVs derived from the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Among the 89 proteins unique to MDA-MB-231 MVs, three enzymes: ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), transaldolase (TALDO1) and bleomycin hydrolase (BLMH) were previously proposed as cancer therapy targets. These proteins were enzymatically validated in cells, sEVs, and MVs derived from both cell lines. The specific activity of OAT and TALDO1 was significantly higher in MDA-MB-231-derived MVs than in MCF10A MVs. BLMH was highly expressed in MDA-MB-231-derived MVs, compared to MCF10A MVs. This study shows that MVs carry functional metabolic enzymes and provides a framework for future studies of their biological role in BC and potential in therapeutic applications.
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Lam STT, Lim CJ. Cancer Biology of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Lectin Chaperones Calreticulin, Calnexin and PDIA3/ERp57. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 59:181-196. [PMID: 34050867 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67696-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The lectin chaperones calreticulin (CALR) and calnexin (CANX), together with their co-chaperone PDIA3, are increasingly implicated in studies of human cancers in roles that extend beyond their primary function as quality control facilitators of protein folding within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Led by the discovery that cell surface CALR functions as an immunogen that promotes anti-tumour immunity, studies have now expanded to include their potential uses as prognostic markers for cancers, and in regulation of oncogenic signaling that regulate such diverse processes including integrin-dependent cell adhesion and migration, proliferation, cell death and chemotherapeutic resistance. The diversity stems from the increasing recognition that these proteins have an equally diverse spectrum of subcellular and extracellular localization, and which are aberrantly expressed in tumour cells. This review describes key foundational discoveries and highlight recent findings that further our understanding of the plethora of activities mediated by CALR, CANX and PDIA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing Tat Theodore Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chinten James Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Calreticulin promotes EMT in pancreatic cancer via mediating Ca 2+ dependent acute and chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:209. [PMID: 33028359 PMCID: PMC7542892 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Our previous study showed that calreticulin (CRT) promoted EGF-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer (PC) via Integrin/EGFR-ERK/MAPK signaling. We next investigated the novel signal pathway and molecular mechanism involving the oncogenic role of CRT in PC. Methods We investigated the potential role and mechanism of CRT in regulating intracellular free Ca2+ dependent acute and chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced EMT in PC in vitro and vivo. Results Thapsigargin (TG) induced acute ERS via increasing intracellular free Ca2+ in PC cells, which was reversed by CRT silencing. Additionally, CRT silencing inhibited TG-induced EMT in vitro by reversing TG-induced changes of the key proteins in EMT signaling (ZO-1, E-cadherin and Slug) and ERK/MAPK signaling (pERK). TG-promoted cell invasion and migration was also rescued by CRT silencing but enhanced by IRE1α silencing (one of the key stressors in unfolded protein response). Meanwhile, CRT was co-immunoprecipitated and co-localized with IRE1α in vitro and its silencing led to the chronic ERS via upregulating IRE1α independent of IRE1-XBP1 axis. Moreover, CRT silencing inhibited IRE1α silencing-promoted EMT, including inhibiting the activation of EMT and ERK/MAPK signaling and the promotion of cell mobility. In vivo, CRT silencing decreased subcutaneous tumor size and distant liver metastasis following with the increase of IRE1α expression. A negative relationship between CRT and IRE1α was also observed in clinical PC samples, which coordinately promoted the advanced clinical stages and poor prognosis of PC patients. Conclusions CRT promotes EMT in PC via mediating intracellular free Ca2+ dependent TG-induced acute ERS and IRE1α-mediated chronic ERS via Slug and ERK/MAPK signaling.
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Autophagy Is Deficient and May be Negatively Regulated by SERPINB3 in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma. Otol Neurotol 2020; 41:e881-e888. [PMID: 32569142 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Whereas autophagy has been linked to various human diseases, whether it also plays a role in cholesteatoma is virtually unknown. This study aimed to investigate the activity and regulation of autophagy in cholesteatoma. BACKGROUND The treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma has been challenging due to an insufficient understanding of the underlying disease mechanism. METHODS Expression of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3), the autophagy protein marker, and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), the known autophagy regulators, in fresh retroauricular skin and cholesteatoma tissue samples was analyzed by immunoblotting. The results were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry and statistical analyses. Cell proliferation of primary retroauricular skin- and cholesteatoma-derived fibroblasts was evaluated by methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Ectopic expression of serine proteinase inhibitor, clade B, member 3 (SERPINB3) in the fibroblasts was achieved by electroporation and the expression was detected by immunoblotting. RESULTS LC3 expression was significantly decreased in cholesteatoma in most of the 15 paired retroauricular skin/cholesteatoma tissue samples. However, p-Akt and p-mTOR expression in the cholesteatoma samples was not significantly different from that in the control subjects. Immunohistochemical studies further demonstrated an inverse correlation between LC3 expression and cholesteatoma. The cholesteatoma fibroblasts proliferated faster than the retroauricular skin fibroblasts, and had higher SERPINB3 but lower LC3 expression. Furthermore, overexpression of SERPINB3 in the retroauricular skin fibroblasts enhanced cell proliferation and downregulated LC3 expression. CONCLUSION Autophagy is significantly suppressed in cholesteatoma tissues, which may not involve the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. More importantly, SERPINB3 may promote cell proliferation and negatively regulate autophagy in cholesteatoma fibroblasts. Together, these findings warrant further investigation into the pathogenic mechanism of cholesteatoma.
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SUN M, YANG G, ZHAO Y, QU F. Screening of Aptamer for Breast Cancer Biomarker Calreticulin and Its Application to Detection of Serum and Recognition of Breast Cancer Cell. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(20)60020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Huang Y, Dong Y, Zhao J, Zhang L, Kong L, Lu JJ. Comparison of the effects of photon, proton and carbon-ion radiation on the ecto-calreticulin exposure in various tumor cell lines. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:542. [PMID: 31807524 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggested that radiotherapy can activate anti-tumor immune responses by triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells. Calreticulin is regarded as one of the most important markers of ICD. The cell surface translocation of calreticulin (ecto-CRT) serves as an "eat me" signal for phagocytosis of dying cells, which plays a pivotal role in activating anti-tumor immunity. However, there is limited knowledge describing the effects of proton and carbon-ion radiation on ecto-CRT exposure. Hence, we investigated ecto-CRT exposure in multiple human carcinoma cell lines irradiated by proton and carbon-ion in comparison to photon. Methods This study examined four human cancer cell lines including A549 (lung adenocarcinoma), U251MG (glioma), Tca8113 (tongue squamous carcinoma), and CNE-2 (nasopharyngeal carcinoma). Cell lines were irradiated with photon, proton or carbon-ion at 0, 2, 4, 10 Gy (physical dose). The ecto-CRT exposure level was analyzed by flow cytometry at 12, 24, and 48 h post-irradiation. The median fluorescence intensity was calculated by FlowJo. Results All three types of radial beam increased ecto-CRT exposure of the 4 tumor cell lines in a time-dependent manner. Ecto-CRT exposure significantly elevated 1.5-2.4 times over 48 h post-irradiation compared with controls (P<0.05). Proton and photon increased ecto-CRT exposure with dose escalation. Photon and proton at 10 Gy increased the most ecto-CRT exposure (P<0.05), while carbon-ion increased most ecto-CRT exposure at 4 Gy rather than 10 or 2 Gy. When compared with iso-physical dose at 48 h post-irradiation, proton showed a similar effectiveness with photon. While carbon-ion has significantly stronger effects on increasing ecto-CRT than proton and photon at 2 and 4 Gy, but changed oppositely at 10 Gy (P<0.05). Conclusions All the three types of radiation can increase the ecto-CRT exposure in a time-dependent manner. Proton and photon radiation were equally effective in inducing ecto-CRT exposure, while carbon-ion revealed a different effectiveness in comparison to photon and proton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangle Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 201321, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai 201321, China
| | - Yuanli Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 201321, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai 201321, China
| | - Jingfang Zhao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai 201321, China.,Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 201321, China
| | - Lijia Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai 201321, China.,Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 201321, China
| | - Lin Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 201321, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai 201321, China
| | - Jiade Jay Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 201321, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai 201321, China
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22
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Malik UU, Siddiqui IA, Ilyas A, Hashim Z, Staunton L, Kwasnik A, Pennington SR, Zarina S. Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins from Smokeless Tobacco Addicted Patients Suffering from Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1489-1497. [PMID: 31446608 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the eight most common malignancy worldwide with an incidence rate of 40% in south-east Asia. Lack of effective diagnostic tools at early stage and disease recurrence despite extensive treatments are main reasons for high mortality and low survival rates. The aim of current study was to identify differentially expressed proteins to explore potential candidate biomarkers having diagnostic significance. We performed comparative proteomic analysis of paired protein samples (cancerous buccal mucosa and adjacent normal tissue) from OSCC patients using a combination of two dimensional gel electrophoresis and Mass spectrometric analysis. On the basis of spot intensity, seventeen proteins were found to be consistently differentially expressed among most of the samples which were identified through mass spectrometry. For validation of identified proteins, expression level of stratifin was determined using immuno-histochemistry and Western blot analysis. All identified proteins were analyzed by STRING to explore their interaction. Among uniquely identified proteins in this study, at least two candidate markers (Ig Kappa chain C region and Isoform 2 of fructose bisphosphate aldolase A) were found to be novel with respect to OSCC which can be explored further. Results presented in current study are likely to contribute in understanding the involvement of these molecules in carcinogenesis apart from their plausible role as diagnostic/prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Urooj Malik
- National Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Amber Ilyas
- National Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Hashim
- National Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Lisa Staunton
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna Kwasnik
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen R Pennington
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shamshad Zarina
- National Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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23
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Sun F, Cui L, Li T, Chen S, Song J, Li D. Oxaliplatin induces immunogenic cells death and enhances therapeutic efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor in a model of murine lung carcinoma. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2019; 39:208-214. [DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2019.1655050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Cui
- Suining Central Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingting Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Silin Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Junmei Song
- The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Dezhi Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, China
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24
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He D, Wu L, Li X, Liu X, Ma P, Juang Y. Ecotropic virus integration-1 and calreticulin as novel prognostic markers in triple-negative breast cancer: A retrospective cohort study. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1847-1855. [PMID: 31423253 PMCID: PMC6607142 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer, for which no specific targete d therapy is currently available. The present study aimed to examine the associations of ecotropic virus integration site 1 (EVI-1) and calreticulin (CRT) with other clinicopathological variables and the prognosis of patients with TNBC. The present retrospective cohort study reviewed the medical records of patients with TNBC treated in the Affiliated Hospitals of Jinzhou Medical University between January 2010 and June 2015. The protein expression levels of EVI-1 and CRT in tumor samples obtained from the patients were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify associations between clinical characteristics and disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to observe the survival condition (DFS/OS) according to EVI-1 and CRT expression. A total of 88 TNBC patients were included in the present study. Tumor tissues in 52 (59.1%) patients were EVI-1 positive, and tumor tissues in 64 (72.7%) patients were CRT-positive, and these rates were significantly higher compared with those in the corresponding paracancerous tissues (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that EVI-1 and CRT expression levels were independent variables associated with OS and DFS, and high expression of both CRT and EVI-1 was significantly associated with decreased OS and DFS compared with the other subgroups (low EVI-1/low CRT expression, low EVI-1/high CRT expression and high EVI-1/low CRT expression) of patients with TNBC. EVI-1 and CRT expression in TNBC was significantly correlated with poor outcome. Evaluation of the EVI-1 and CRT status may provide insight into prognosis prediction for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ma
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Youhong Juang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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25
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Pluquet O, Galmiche A. Impact and Relevance of the Unfolded Protein Response in HNSCC. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112654. [PMID: 31151143 PMCID: PMC6601021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) encompass a heterogeneous group of solid tumors that arise from the upper aerodigestive tract. The tumor cells face multiple challenges including an acute demand of protein synthesis often driven by oncogene activation, limited nutrient and oxygen supply and exposure to chemo/radiotherapy, which forces them to develop adaptive mechanisms such as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). It is now well documented that the UPR, a homeostatic mechanism, is induced at different stages of cancer progression in response to intrinsic (oncogenic activation) or extrinsic (microenvironment) perturbations. This review will discuss the role of the UPR in HNSCC as well as in the key processes that characterize the physiology of HNSCC. The role of the UPR in the clinical context of HNSCC will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Pluquet
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Antoine Galmiche
- Service de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine (CBH), CHU Sud, 80054 Amiens, France.
- EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80054 Amiens, France.
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26
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Calreticulin as A Novel Potential Metastasis-Associated Protein in Myxoid Liposarcoma, as Revealed by Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis. Proteomes 2019; 7:proteomes7020013. [PMID: 30974841 PMCID: PMC6631384 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes7020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is a mesenchymal malignancy. To identify innovate seeds for clinical applications, we examined the proteomes of primary tumor tissues from 10 patients with MLS with different statuses of postoperative metastasis. The protein expression profiles of tumor tissues were created, and proteins with differential expression associated with postoperative metastasis were identified by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry. The validation was performed using specific antibodies and in vitro analyses. Using 2D-DIGE, we observed 1726 protein species and identified proteins with unique expression levels in metastatic MLS. We focused on the overexpression of calreticulin in metastatic MLS. The higher expression of calreticulin was confirmed by Western blotting, and gene silencing assays demonstrated that reduced expression of calreticulin inhibited cell growth and invasion. Our findings suggested the important roles of calreticulin in MLS metastasis and supported its potential utility as a prognostic biomarker in MLS. Further investigations of the functional properties of calreticulin and other proteins identified in this study will improve our understanding of the biology of MLS and facilitate novel clinical applications.
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27
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Wu L, Wang T, He D, Li X, Jiang Y. EVI‑1 acts as an oncogene and positively regulates calreticulin in breast cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1645-1653. [PMID: 30592274 PMCID: PMC6390023 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecotropic viral integration site‑1 (EVI‑1) is an important transcription factor involved in oncogenesis. Aberrant EVI‑1 expression has been reported to be a characteristic of multiple types of malignancies; however, very little is known about how EVI‑1 regulates breast cancer. Current knowledge of how target genes mediate the biological function of EVI‑1 remains limited. In the present study, overexpression of EVI‑1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis in breast cancer. By contrast, silencing of EVI‑1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and enhanced apoptosis in breast cancer. In addition, the results also revealed that the aberrant expression of EVI‑1 regulates genes associated with the apoptotic pathway in breast cancer. Furthermore, EVI‑1 was also likely to target the promoter region of calreticulin (CRT) in vitro. It was concluded that EVI‑1 can affect epithelial mesenchymal transition‑associated genes by regulating the expression of CRT in breast cancer. The results revealed that EVI‑1 may be a potential effective therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Dongning He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Youhong Jiang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory of Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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28
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Liu X, Weng Y, Liu P, Sui Z, Zhou L, Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Tan X. Identification of PGAM1 as a putative therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma metastasis using quantitative proteomics. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3345-3357. [PMID: 29922073 PMCID: PMC5995415 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s162470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive gastrointestinal cancer characterized by an extremely low survival rate because of early metastasis. Identifying satisfactory therapeutic targets associated with metastasis is crucial to improve the treatment effect of PDAC. Materials and methods In this research, we used stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture, 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-assisted sample preparation method preparing protein sample and nano-reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis to perform the comparative proteomics of two homologous hamster pancreatic cancer cell lines that are different in metastatic ability: PC-1.0 (highly metastatic) and PC-1 (weakly metastatic). Verifications are through immunohistochemistry on clinical human PDAC pathologic tissues as well as by Western blot of human pancreatic cancer cell lines. siRNA silencing methods were used to study the effect of molecules on invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cell lines. Results Bioinformatic analysis indicated that a total of 141 differentially expressed proteins (82 upregulated and 59 downregulated in PC-1.0 cells) were identified showing obviously differential expression (>1.5-fold change). These differentially expressed proteins were involved in a number of different biologic functions, metabolic pathways, and pathophysiologic processes. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) and HSPE1 are the top two upregulated proteins, and PDIA3 and CALR are the top two downregulated proteins in PC-1.0 cells compared to PC-1 cells. PGAM1 and HSPE1 showed higher expressions in PDAC tissue with clinical metastasis and highly metastatic pancreatic cancer cell lines PC-1.0 and Aspc-1. PDIA3 and CALR showed higher expressions in weakly metastatic pancreatic cancer cell lines PC-1 and Capan-2. The Western blot results were consistent with the MS quantification data. Silencing PGAM1 was found to decrease the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines with statistical significance, especially in highly metastatic PC-1.0 and Aspc-1 cell lines. Conclusion These data indicated that PGAM1 may be a potential therapeutic target for PDAC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Liu
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yejing Weng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Peng Liu
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhigang Sui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinpeng Huang
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- First Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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29
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Das T, Prodhan C, Patsa S, Ray JG, Chaudhuri K. Identification of over expressed proteins in oral submucous fibrosis by proteomic analysis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4361-4371. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tapasi Das
- Molecular Genetics DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
| | - Chandraday Prodhan
- Molecular Genetics DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
| | - Santanu Patsa
- Department of Oral PathologyDr. R Ahmed Dental College and HospitalKolkataIndia
| | - Jay Gopal Ray
- Department of Oral PathologyDr. R Ahmed Dental College and HospitalKolkataIndia
| | - Keya Chaudhuri
- Molecular Genetics DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
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30
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Fucikova J, Kasikova L, Truxova I, Laco J, Skapa P, Ryska A, Spisek R. Relevance of the chaperone-like protein calreticulin for the biological behavior and clinical outcome of cancer. Immunol Lett 2017; 193:25-34. [PMID: 29175313 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The death of cancer cells can be categorized as either immunogenic (ICD) or nonimmunogenic, depending on the initiating stimulus. The immunogenic processes of immunogenic cell death are mainly mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which include surface exposure of calreticulin (CRT), secretion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), release of non-histone chromatin protein high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the production of type I interferons (IFNs). DAMPs are recognized by various receptors that are expressed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and potentiate the presentation of tumor antigens to T lymphocytes. Accumulating evidence indicates that CRT exposure constitutes one of the major checkpoints, that determines the immunogenicity of cell death both in vitro and in vivo in mouse models. Moreover, recent studies have identified CRT expression on tumor cells not only as a marker of ICD and active anti-tumor immune reactions but also as a major predictor of a better prognosis in various cancers. Here, we discuss the recent information on the CRT capacity to activate anticancer immune response as well as its prognostic and predictive role for the clinical outcome in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Fucikova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kasikova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Truxova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laco
- Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skapa
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Ryska
- Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Spisek
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic.
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31
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Yi L, Hu N, Yin J, Sun J, Mu H, Dai K, Ding D. Up-regulation of calreticulin in mouse liver tissues after long-term irradiation with low-dose-rate gamma rays. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182671. [PMID: 28931006 PMCID: PMC5607120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological effects of low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation on normal tissues has attracted attention. Based on previous research, we observed the morphology of liver tissues of C57BL/6J mice that received <50, 50–500, and 500–1000 μGy/h of 137Cs radiation for 180 d. We found that the pathological changes in liver tissues were more obvious as the irradiation dose rates increased. Additionally, differential protein expression in liver tissues was analyzed using a proteomics approach. Compared with the matched group in the 2D gel analysis of the irradiated groups, 69 proteins had ≥ 1.5-fold changes in expression. Twenty-three proteins were selected based on ≥2.5-fold change in expression, and 22 of them were meaningful for bioinformatics and protein fingerprinting analysis. These molecules were relevant to cytoskeleton processes, cell metabolism, biological defense, mitochondrial damage, detoxification and tumorigenesis. The results from real-time PCR and western blot (WB) analyses showed that calreticulin (CRT) was up-regulated in the irradiated groups, which indicates that CRT may be relevant to stress reactions when mouse livers are exposed to low-dose irradiation and that low-dose-rate ionizing radiation may pose a cancer risk. The CRT protein can be a potential candidate for low-dose or low-dose-rate ionizing radiation early-warning biomarkers. However, the underlying mechanism requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yi
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Nan Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yin
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiang Mu
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Keren Dai
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Dexin Ding
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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32
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Schneider K, Bol V, Grégoire V. Lack of differences in radiation-induced immunogenicity parameters between HPV-positive and HPV-negative human HNSCC cell lines. Radiother Oncol 2017; 124:411-417. [PMID: 28916224 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Clinical studies indicate that patients with HPV/p16-associated head & neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represent a subgroup with a better prognosis and improved response to conventional radiotherapy. Involvement of immune-based factors has been hypothesized. In the present study, we investigated radiation-induced differences in release of damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), cytokines and activation of dendritic cells (DCs) in HPV-positive and negative HNSCC cancer cell lines. MATERIAL AND METHODS Calreticulin (CRT) exposure was detected on cancer cell surface. ATP, HMGB1 and cytokines were measured in culture supernatants. Maturation marker CD83 surface exposure was determined on DCs after co-incubation with irradiated tumor cells. RESULTS There was no increase in DAMPs and cytokine profiles after radiation treatment and no difference between HPV+ and HPV- cell lines. The HPV/p16-positive SCC90 cells showed a trend for increased total CRT, HMGB1, and number of cytokines compared to all other cell lines. None of the irradiated cancer cell lines could affect DC maturation. CONCLUSIONS Radiation treatment did not increase immunogenicity of HNSCC cell lines assessed by membrane CRT, ATP, HMGB1, cytokines production, and by activation of immature DCs. There was no difference between HPV-positive and HPV-negative cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Schneider
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vanesa Bol
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Grégoire
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Radiation Oncology Department, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
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33
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Hung CC, Chien CY, Chu PY, Wu YJ, Lin CS, Huang CJ, Chan LP, Wang YY, Yuan SSF, Hour TC, Chen JYF. Differential resistance to platinum-based drugs and 5-fluorouracil in p22phox-overexpressing oral squamous cell carcinoma: Implications of alternative treatment strategies. Head Neck 2017; 39:1621-1630. [PMID: 28498554 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that p22phox confers resistance to cisplatin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Whether p22phox has clinical correlation with cisplatin resistance and affects the efficacy of other platinum or nonplatinum drugs is unknown. METHODS The p22phox expression in tissues and apoptotic markers in cell lines was detected by immunoblotting. The cytotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs was determined by methylthiazol tetrazolium assay. In vivo chemoresistance of p22phox-overexpressing tumors was confirmed by the xenograft mouse model. RESULTS The p22phox was upregulated in tumors of patients with OSCC refractory to cisplatin treatment. The p22phox overexpression markedly increased the resistance to cisplatin and carboplatin, but not oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), in OSCC cells by differentially inhibiting the drug-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, p22phox-dependent resistance to cisplatin, but not 5-FU, was demonstrated in mouse xenograft tumors. CONCLUSION The p22phox expression may not only be a prognostic biomarker for prediction of chemotherapy outcomes, but the indication for alternative treatment strategies in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chang Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Chien
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Shen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Leong-Perng Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzyh-Chyuan Hour
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeff Yi-Fu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Zhang XH, Zhang Y, Xie WP, Sun DS, Zhang YK, Hao YK, Tan GQ. Expression and significance of calreticulin in human osteosarcoma. Cancer Biomark 2017; 18:405-411. [PMID: 28106543 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Peng Xie
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - De-Sheng Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Penglai City, Penglai, Shandong, China
| | - Yong-Kui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan-Ke Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guo-Qing Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Duriez E, Masselon CD, Mesmin C, Court M, Demeure K, Allory Y, Malats N, Matondo M, Radvanyi F, Garin J, Domon B. Large-Scale SRM Screen of Urothelial Bladder Cancer Candidate Biomarkers in Urine. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:1617-1631. [PMID: 28287737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Urothelial bladder cancer is a condition associated with high recurrence and substantial morbidity and mortality. Noninvasive urinary tests that would detect bladder cancer and tumor recurrence are required to significantly improve patient care. Over the past decade, numerous bladder cancer candidate biomarkers have been identified in the context of extensive proteomics or transcriptomics studies. To translate these findings in clinically useful biomarkers, the systematic evaluation of these candidates remains the bottleneck. Such evaluation involves large-scale quantitative LC-SRM (liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring) measurements, targeting hundreds of signature peptides by monitoring thousands of transitions in a single analysis. The design of highly multiplexed SRM analyses is driven by several factors: throughput, robustness, selectivity and sensitivity. Because of the complexity of the samples to be analyzed, some measurements (transitions) can be interfered by coeluting isobaric species resulting in biased or inconsistent estimated peptide/protein levels. Thus the assessment of the quality of SRM data is critical to allow flagging these inconsistent data. We describe an efficient and robust method to process large SRM data sets, including the processing of the raw data, the detection of low-quality measurements, the normalization of the signals for each protein, and the estimation of protein levels. Using this methodology, a variety of proteins previously associated with bladder cancer have been assessed through the analysis of urine samples from a large cohort of cancer patients and corresponding controls in an effort to establish a priority list of most promising candidates to guide subsequent clinical validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Duriez
- Genomics and Proteomics Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health , 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Christophe D Masselon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , BIG-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA , BIG-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,INSERM , BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Cédric Mesmin
- Genomics and Proteomics Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health , 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Magali Court
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , BIG-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA , BIG-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,INSERM , BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Kevin Demeure
- NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH) , Luxembourg L-1526, Luxembourg
| | | | - Núria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) , Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mariette Matondo
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETHZ , Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - François Radvanyi
- Institut Curie , Centre de Recherche, Paris 75005, France.,CNRS, UMR144, Equipe Oncologie Moléculaire , Paris 75248, France
| | - Jérôme Garin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , BIG-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA , BIG-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,INSERM , BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Domon
- Genomics and Proteomics Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health , 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
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Vera CA, Oróstica L, Gabler F, Ferreira A, Selman A, Vega M, Romero CA. The nerve growth factor alters calreticulin translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface and its signaling pathway in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1261-1270. [PMID: 28260038 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer among women worldwide, causing approximately 120,000 deaths every year. Immunotherapy, designed to boost the body's natural defenses against cancer, appears to be a promising option against ovarian cancer. Calreticulin (CRT) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident chaperone that, translocated to the cell membrane after ER stress, allows cancer cells to be recognized by the immune system. The nerve growth factor (NGF) is a pro-angiogenic molecule overexpressed in this cancer. In the present study, we aimed to determine weather NGF has an effect in CRT translocation induced by cytotoxic and ER stress. We treated A2780 ovarian cancer cells with NGF, thapsigargin (Tg), an ER stress inducer and mitoxantrone (Mtx), a chemotherapeutic drug; CRT subcellular localization was analyzed by immunofluorescence followed by confocal microscopy. In order to determine NGF effect on Mtx and Tg-induced CRT translocation from the ER to the cell membrane, cells were preincubated with NGF prior to Mtx or Tg treatment and CRT translocation to the cell surface was determined by flow cytometry. In addition, by western blot analyses, we evaluated proteins associated with the CRT translocation pathway, both in A2780 cells and human ovarian samples. We also measured NGF effect on cell apoptosis induced by Mtx. Our results indicate that Mtx and Tg, but not NGF, induce CRT translocation to the cell membrane. NGF, however, inhibited CRT translocation induced by Mtx, while it had no effect on Tg-induced CRT exposure. NGF also diminished cell death induced by Mtx. NGF effect on CRT translocation could have consequences in immunotherapy, potentially lessening the effectiveness of this type of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Andrea Vera
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproduction Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Oróstica
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproduction Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Gabler
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, San Borja Arriarán Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Arturo Ferreira
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alberto Selman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita Vega
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproduction Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen Aurora Romero
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Reproduction Biology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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37
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Guan P, Cai W, Yu H, Wu Z, Li W, Wu J, Chen J, Feng G. Cigarette smoke extract promotes proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells through suppressing C/EBP-α expression. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1408-1414. [PMID: 28413486 PMCID: PMC5377277 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke has been considered a major contributor to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In COPD patients, the airway smooth muscle layer has been observed to be markedly thickened and the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) was therefore used by the present study as a model to assess the impact of cigarette smoke extract (CSE). ASMCs were exposed to various concentrations of CSE and the proliferation of the cells was analyzed by an MTT assay. Furthermore, the expression levels of calreticulin and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBP-α) in CSE-stimulated ASMCs were determined by polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. In addition, the effects of RNA interference (RNAi) to knockdown calreticulin and/or C/EBP-α on ASMC proliferation were studied. CSE was found to promote the proliferation of ASMCs, which was associated with increased expression of calreticulin and decreased expression of C/EBP-α. Knockdown of calreticulin resulted in the upregulation of C/EBP-α and inhibition of cell proliferation, while simultaneous knockdown of C/EBP-α promoted cell proliferation. The present study revealed that CSE promoted the proliferation of ASMCs, which was mediated by inhibition of C/EBP-α. These findings shed new light on airway remodeling in COPD and may provide novel approaches for therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Guan
- Graduate School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Center, People's Hospital of Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Huapeng Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Department of Medical Center, People's Hospital of Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Center, People's Hospital of Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Medical Center, People's Hospital of Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Guangqiu Feng
- Department of Medical Center, People's Hospital of Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
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Perez-Trujillo JJ, Garza-Morales R, Barron-Cantu JA, Figueroa-Parra G, Garcia-Garcia A, Rodriguez-Rocha H, Garcia-Juarez J, Muñoz-Maldonado GE, Saucedo-Cardenas O, Montes-De-Oca-Luna R, Loera-Arias MDJ. DNA vaccine encoding human papillomavirus antigens flanked by a signal peptide and a KDEL sequence induces a potent therapeutic antitumor effect. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1569-1574. [PMID: 28454292 PMCID: PMC5403354 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular immune responses play a critical role in the eradication of intracellular infections and malignant cells through the recognition and subsequent removal of the infection or malignant cells. Effective antigen presentation is crucial for stimulating the immune system against malignant cells. Calreticulin (CRT) has been used to improve antigen presentation. However, CRT overexpression has been previously associated with the development of pancreatic and breast cancer. The import and retention signals of CRT in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can be used to overcome CRT overexpression. The present study describes the potent antitumor effect of a DNA vaccine encoding human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 antigens flanked by ER import and retention signals (SP-E6E7m-KDEL). The effect of this vaccine was compared with that of E6 and E7 antigens fused to human full-length CRT (hCRT-E6E7m). In the present study, the effectiveness of SP-E6E7m-KDEL for inducing an interferon-γ antigen-specific, response and its therapeutic effect against tumors was demonstrated, which was as effective as immunization against those antigens fused to CRT. This simplified strategy, using ER import and retention signal peptides to direct antigens to this organelle, provides an efficient alternative to traditional vaccines and, more importantly, a safe and potent system to induce a therapeutic antitumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J Perez-Trujillo
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Rodolfo Garza-Morales
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Jose A Barron-Cantu
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Gabriel Figueroa-Parra
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Aracely Garcia-Garcia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Jaime Garcia-Juarez
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Gerardo E Muñoz-Maldonado
- General Surgery Service, University Hospital 'Dr Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez', Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Odila Saucedo-Cardenas
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México.,Division of Genetics, Northeast Biomedical Research Center, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64720, México
| | - Roberto Montes-De-Oca-Luna
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
| | - Maria De Jesus Loera-Arias
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64460, México
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King A, Ndifon C, Lui S, Widdows K, Kotamraju VR, Agemy L, Teesalu T, Glazier JD, Cellesi F, Tirelli N, Aplin JD, Ruoslahti E, Harris LK. Tumor-homing peptides as tools for targeted delivery of payloads to the placenta. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600349. [PMID: 27386551 PMCID: PMC4928982 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The availability of therapeutics to treat pregnancy complications is severely lacking mainly because of the risk of causing harm to the fetus. As enhancement of placental growth and function can alleviate maternal symptoms and improve fetal growth in animal models, we have developed a method for targeted delivery of payloads to the placenta. We show that the tumor-homing peptide sequences CGKRK and iRGD bind selectively to the placental surface of humans and mice and do not interfere with normal development. Peptide-coated nanoparticles intravenously injected into pregnant mice accumulated within the mouse placenta, whereas control nanoparticles exhibited reduced binding and/or fetal transfer. We used targeted liposomes to efficiently deliver cargoes of carboxyfluorescein and insulin-like growth factor 2 to the mouse placenta; the latter significantly increased mean placental weight when administered to healthy animals and significantly improved fetal weight distribution in a well-characterized model of fetal growth restriction. These data provide proof of principle for targeted delivery of drugs to the placenta and provide a novel platform for the development of placenta-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna King
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Cornelia Ndifon
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Sylvia Lui
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Kate Widdows
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Venkata R. Kotamraju
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106–9610, USA
| | - Lilach Agemy
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106–9610, USA
| | - Tambet Teesalu
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106–9610, USA
| | - Jocelyn D. Glazier
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Francesco Cellesi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - John D. Aplin
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Erkki Ruoslahti
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106–9610, USA
| | - Lynda K. Harris
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- School of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Corresponding author.
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40
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p22phox confers resistance to cisplatin, by blocking its entry into the nucleus. Oncotarget 2016; 6:4110-25. [PMID: 25686830 PMCID: PMC4414176 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent but resistance to the drug remains a major challenge in cancer treatment. To evaluate the efficacy of CDDP in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we found that p22phox was highly expressed in CDDP-resistant OSCC specimens. Knockdown of p22phox sensitized OSCC cell lines to CDDP (P < 0.05). Stable overexpression of p22phox augmented CDDP resistance, as evidenced by the significantly higher IC50 values. This cytoprotective effect was attributed to the abrogation of CDDP-induced apoptosis. Akt phosphorylation was increased in p22phox stable lines. However, blocking PI3K/Akt pathway only partially restored CDDP-induced apoptosis. In addition, the overexpressed p22phox in OSCC cells exhibited cytoplasmic localization with enhanced perinuclear expression, consistent with the localization pattern in OSCC specimens. Remarkably, CDDP entry into the nucleus was severely impaired in p22phox-overexpressing cells (P < 0.001), and cytoplasmically accumulated CDDP was co-localized with overexpressed p22phox. This was supported by decreased CDDP-DNA adduct formation and delayed chk1-p53 signaling activation. Together, overexpression of p22phox sequestered CDDP and caused defective CDDP entry into the nucleus, significantly attenuating CDDP-induced apoptosis. Such diminished apoptosis was further abolished by p22phox-activating PI3K/Akt pathway. Our work has suggested a novel biomarker and insight into the mechanism of CDDP resistance.
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41
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Feng R, Ye J, Zhou C, Qi L, Fu Z, Yan B, Liang Z, Li R, Zhai W. Calreticulin down-regulation inhibits the cell growth, invasion and cell cycle progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:149. [PMID: 26307067 PMCID: PMC4549864 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent cancers in the world. Calreticulin(CRT) is aberrantly overexpressed in many human cancer cells. The function of CRT in HCC cells remains unclear. We attempted to investigate the effects and the underlying mechanisms of CRT down-regulation on HCC cell growth, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and invasion. Methods To investigate the function of CRT in HCC cells, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down the expression of CRT in SMMC7721 and HepG2 HCC cells. CRT expression was examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by the flow cytometry. The invasion capability was assessed by transwell assay. The phosphorylation level of Akt was evaluated by Western blot. Results Compared with human hepatic cells L02, CRT was apparently up-regulated in SMMC7721, HepG2 and Huh7 HCC cells. Down-regulation of CRT expression effectively inhibited HCC cell growth and invasion. CRT knockdown induced cell cycle arrest and the apoptosis in SMMC7721 and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, down-regulation of CRT expression significantly decreased the Akt phosphorylation. Conclusions CRT was aberrantly over-expressed in HCC cell lines. CRT over-expression contributes greatly to HCC malignant behavior, likely via PI3K/Akt pathway. CRT could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo Feng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianwen Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery & Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuang Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery & Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Endocrine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery & Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery & Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiwei Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery & Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Renfeng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery & Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery & Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Dey KK, Pal I, Bharti R, Dey G, Kumar BNP, Rajput S, Parekh A, Parida S, Halder P, Kulavi I, Mandal M. Identification of RAB2A and PRDX1 as the potential biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma using mass spectrometry-based comparative proteomic approach. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:9829-37. [PMID: 26159854 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3758-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a major health burden. Protein biomarker discovery for early detection will help to improve patient survival rate in OSCC. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has emerged as an excellent approach for detection of protein biomarkers in various types of cancers. In the current study, we have used 4-Plex isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based shotgun quantitative proteomic approach to identify proteins that are differentially expressed in cancerous tissues compared to normal tissues. The high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis resulted in identifying 2,074 proteins, among which 288 proteins were differentially expressed. Further, it was noticed that 162 proteins were upregulated, while 125 proteins were downregulated in OSCC-derived cancer tissue samples as compared to the adjacent normal tissues. We identified some of the known molecules which were reported earlier in OSCC such as MMP-9 (8.4-fold), ZNF142 (5.6-fold), and S100A7 (3.5-fold). Apart from this, we have also identified some novel signature proteins which have not been reported earlier in OSCC including ras-related protein Rab-2A isoform, RAB2A (4.6-fold), and peroxiredoxin-1, PRDX1 (2.2-fold). The immunohistochemistry-based validation using tissue microarray slides in OSCC revealed overexpression of the RAB2A and PRDX1 gene in 80 and 68 % of the tested clinical cases, respectively. This study will not only serve as a resource of candidate biomarkers but will contribute towards the existing knowledge on the role of the candidate molecules towards disease progression and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Kumar Dey
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Ipsita Pal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Rashmi Bharti
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Goutam Dey
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - B N Prashanth Kumar
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Shashi Rajput
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Aditya Parekh
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Sheetal Parida
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Priyanka Halder
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Indranil Kulavi
- Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, 722101, India.
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
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Xu FF, Tao TQ, Wang XR, Li YZ, Song DD, Liu M, Liu XH. Cytosolic calreticulin inhibits microwave radiation-induced microvascular endothelial cell injury through the integrin-focal adhesion kinase pathway. Microcirculation 2015; 21:717-29. [PMID: 24930861 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of cytosolic CRT on MR-induced MMEC injury, and the underlying mechanism. METHODS MMECs were randomized into eight groups: control, AdCRT (infected with pAdCMV/V5-DEST-CRT adenovirus), stCRT (transfected with rCRT-siRNAs), Mock (transfected with scrambled siRNAs), MR (exposed to MR for six minutes), AdCRT + MR, stCRT + MR, and Mock + MR. The magnitude of cell injury were assessed by Annexin V-PI staining, LDH activity in culture medium, MMEC migration ability, ultrastructure and cytoskeletal stability. Subcellular colocalization of CRT and ConA or integrin were evaluated by immunocytochemistry. The mRNA and protein expression levels of target genes were examined by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS MR-induced cytotoxicity was dose-dependent. Overexpression of cytosolic CRT suppressed MR injury, shown as decreased cell apoptosis, reduced LDH activity, enhanced cell migration capability, and maintenance of ultrastructure and cytoskeleton integrity. Conversely, CRT deficiency aggravated MR-induced injury. Exposure of AdCRT MMECs to MR promoted membrane translocation of CRT and the interaction of CRT-integrin-α. Correlation analysis revealed that integrin-α expression or FAK phosphorylation was positively associated with cytosolic CRT expression. CONCLUSIONS Cytosolic CRT inhibits MR-induced MMEC injury through activation of the integrin-FAK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Tsai HC, Li YC, Hsu SH, Young TH, Chen MH. Inhibition of growth and migration of oral and cervical cancer cells by citrus polyphenol. J Formos Med Assoc 2015; 115:171-85. [PMID: 26133268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE It has been confirmed that polyphenolic compounds present in food have various pharmaceutical functions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate citrus polyphenol (CP) for dental applications. The culture medium with CP was developed to inhibit the proliferation of oral cancer cells. CP could be used as a supplemental compound for topical application for oral cancer patients. METHODS In this study, the metabolic activity and cell toxicity of CP (at concentrations of 1%, 0.1%, and 0.01%) for oral and cervical cancer cells were investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays (n = 6). Furthermore, the effects of CP on motilities of oral and cervical cancer cells were also evaluated using a scratch assay model. RESULTS We found that the growth of Ca9-22 and HeLa cells on tissue culture polystyrene was greatly inhibited when 1% CP was added to the medium. In addition, significant differences (p < 0.01) in cytotoxicities of oral and cervical cancer cells were observed after 6 days in the culture medium to which 1% CP was added. Furthermore, using a scratch assay model to evaluate the migratory abilities of oral and cervical cancer cells, it was also found that CP could inhibit the migratory abilities of cancer cells. CONCLUSION The results confirmed the feasibility of the topical application of CP as a supplemental compound for inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Cheng Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hao Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Huey Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Functional roles of calreticulin in cancer biology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:526524. [PMID: 25918716 PMCID: PMC4396016 DOI: 10.1155/2015/526524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Calreticulin is a highly conserved endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein which participates in various cellular processes. It was first identified as a Ca2+-binding protein in 1974. Accumulated evidences indicate that calreticulin has great impacts for the development of different cancers and the effect of calreticulin on tumor formation and progression may depend on cell types and clinical stages. Cell surface calreticulin is considered as an “eat-me” signal and promotes phagocytic uptake of cancer cells by immune system. Moreover, several reports reveal that manipulation of calreticulin levels profoundly affects cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis as well as differentiation. In addition to immunogenicity and tumorigenesis, interactions between calreticulin and integrins have been described during cell adhesion, which is an essential process for cancer metastasis. Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors which connect extracellular matrix and intracellular cytoskeleton and trigger inside-out or outside-in signaling transduction. More and more evidences reveal that proteins binding to integrins might affect integrin-cytoskeleton interaction and therefore influence ability of cell adhesion. Here, we reviewed the biological roles of calreticulin and summarized the potential mechanisms of calreticulin in regulating mRNA stability and therefore contributed to cancer metastasis.
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Dar MA, Wahiduzzaman, Islam A, Hassan MI, Ahmad F. Purification and characterization of calreticulin: a Ca²⁺-binding chaperone from sheep kidney. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:1771-83. [PMID: 25149453 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1150-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) is a molecular chaperone with a molecular mass of 46 kDa present in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This protein is primarily involved in the regulation of intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and Ca(2+) storage in the ER. CRT also plays a significant role in autoimmunity and cancer. This protein contains three distinct structural domains with specialized functions. Here, we are reporting a simple procedure for the purification of CRT from mammalian kidney. To isolate CRT, sheep kidney was crushed and kept for 12 h in the extraction buffer. The lysate was centrifuged, and supernatant was precipitated by ammonium sulphate. The precipitate of 90 % ammonium sulphate was extensively dialyzed and loaded on DEAE-Hi-Trap FF and Mono Q chromatography columns. The purity of CRT was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. Finally, the protein was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight. The purified protein was further characterized for secondary structural elements using the far-UV circular dichroism measurements. Our purification procedure is fast and simple with high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aasif Dar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
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Shin GC, Ahn SH, Choi HS, Kim J, Park ES, Kim DH, Kim KH. Hepatocystin contributes to interferon-mediated antiviral response to hepatitis B virus by regulating hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1842:1648-57. [PMID: 24769044 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocystin/80K-H is known as a causative gene for autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease. However, the role of hepatocystin in hepatitis B virus-related liver disease remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of hepatocystin on the cytokine-mediated antiviral response against hepatitis B virus infection. We investigated the antiviral effect and mechanism of hepatocystin by ectopic expression and RNAi knockdown in cell culture and mouse livers. Hepatocystin suppressed the replication of hepatitis B virus both in vitro and in vivo. This inhibitory effect was HBx-independent and mediated by the transcriptional regulation of viral genome via the activation of exogenous signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and the reduced expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α, a transcription factor essential for hepatitis B virus replication. The amino-terminal region of hepatocystin was essential for regulation of this antiviral signaling pathway. We also found that hepatocystin acts as a critical component in interferon-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, and the interferon-induced antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus is associated with the expression levels of hepatocystin. We demonstrated that hepatocystin plays a critical role in modulating the susceptibility of hepatitis B virus to interferon, suggesting that the modulation of hepatocystin expression is important for cytokine-mediated viral clearance during hepatitis B virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu-Choul Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Functional Genomics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Sun Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Cancer Research and Diagnostic Medicine, IBST, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Functional Genomics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wu Q, Kohli M, Bergen HR, Cheville JC, Karnes RJ, Cao H, Young CYF, Tindall DJ, McNiven MA, Donkena KV. Preclinical evaluation of the supercritical extract of azadirachta indica (neem) leaves in vitro and in vivo on inhibition of prostate cancer tumor growth. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1067-77. [PMID: 24674886 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, has gained worldwide prominence because of its medical properties, namely antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. Despite these promising results, gaps remain in our understanding of the molecular mechanism of action of neem compounds and their potential for use in clinical trials. We investigated supercritical extract of neem leaves (SENL) for the following: molecular targets in vitro, in vivo efficacy to inhibit tumor growth, and bioactive compounds that exert antitumor activity. Treatment of LNCaP-luc2 prostate cancer cells with SENL suppressed dihydrotestosterone-induced androgen receptor and prostate-specific antigen levels. SENL inhibited integrin β1, calreticulin, and focal adhesion kinase activation in LNCaP-luc2 and PC3 prostate cancer cells. Oral administration of SENL significantly reduced LNCaP-luc2 xenograft tumor growth in mice with the formation of hyalinized fibrous tumor tissue, reduction in the prostate-specific antigen, and increase in AKR1C2 levels. To identify the active anticancer compounds, we fractionated SENL by high-pressure liquid chromatography and evaluated 16 peaks for cytotoxic activity. Four of the 16 peaks exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against prostate cancer cells. Mass spectrometry of the isolated peaks suggested the compounds with cytotoxic activity were nimbandiol, nimbolide, 2',3'-dihydronimbolide, and 28-deoxonimbolide. Analysis of tumor tissue and plasma samples from mice treated with SENL indicated 28-deoxonimbolide and nimbolide as the bioactive compounds. Overall, our data revealed the bioactive compounds in SENL and suggested that the anticancer activity could be mediated through alteration in androgen receptor and calreticulin levels in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wu
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Urology, Oncology, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; and Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Li YG, Ji DF, Zhong S, Liu PG, Lv ZQ, Zhu JX, Chen JE, Chen HP. Polysaccharide from Phellinus linteus induces S-phase arrest in HepG2 cells by decreasing calreticulin expression and activating the P27kip1-cyclin A/D1/E-CDK2 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:187-195. [PMID: 24001891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Our previous study showed that the proteoglycan P1 from Phellinus linteus (Mesima) exhibits significant anti-tumor activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2); however, its molecular mechanism remains unknown. This study aims to provide insights into the mechanism of the anti-tumor activity of P1 against HepG2 cells. METHODS We examined the effects of P1 on HepG2 cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Proteomic analysis, real-time (RT)-PCR, and Western blot were carried out to observe the expression of several cell cycle control proteins in HepG2 cells. RESULTS Both the volume and the weight of solid tumors were significantly decreased in P1-treated mice (200mg/kg) compared with the control. The HepG2 cells in the P1-treated tumors were significantly decreased, irregularly shaped, and smaller. P1 slightly increased the body weight of the tumor-bearing mice, which indicates that P1 is nontoxic to mammals at 200mg/kg. P1 also caused a significant dose-dependent increase in S phase arrest, but no apoptosis was observed in HepG2 cells. The results of the proteomic analysis, RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis showed that significantly downregulated expression of calreticulin, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and CDK2 and upregulated expression of P27 kip1 and cyclin A in the P1-treated HepG2 cells (200 μg/ml). CONCLUSION These results suggest that calreticulin expression and the P27 kip1-cyclin A/D1/E-CDK2 pathway were involved in P1-induced S-phase cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Gui Li
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Chen YJ, Su JH, Tsao CY, Hung CT, Chao HH, Lin JJ, Liao MH, Yang ZY, Huang HH, Tsai FJ, Weng SH, Wu YJ. Sinulariolide induced hepatocellular carcinoma apoptosis through activation of mitochondrial-related apoptotic and PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP pathway. Molecules 2013; 18:10146-61. [PMID: 23973991 PMCID: PMC6270604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180910146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinulariolide, an active compound isolated from the cultured soft coral Sinularia flexibilis, has potent anti-microbial and anti-tumorigenesis effects towards melanoma and bladder cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of sinulariolide on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth and protein expression. Sinulariolide suppressed the proliferation and colony formation of HCC HA22T cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced both early and late apoptosis according to flow cytometry, Annexin V/PI stain and TUNEL/DAPI stain analyses. A mechanistic analysis demonstrated that sinulariolide-induced apoptosis was activated through a mitochondria-related pathway, showing up-regulation of Bax, Bad and AIF, and down- regulation of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, MCl-1 and p-Bad. Sinulariolide treatment led to loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c to the cytosol, and activation of both caspase-9 and caspase-3. Sinulariolide-induced apoptosis was significantly blocked by the caspase inhibitors Z-VAD-FMK and Z-DEVD-FMK. The increased expression of cleaved PARP also suggested that caspase-independent apoptotic pathway was involved. In the western blotting; the elevation of ER chaperones GRP78; GRP94; and CALR; as well as up-regulations of PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP; and diminished cell death with pre-treatment of eIF2α phosphatase inhibitor; salubrinal; implicated the involvement of ER stress-mediated PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP apoptotic pathway following sinulariolide treatment in hepatoma cells. The current study suggested sinulariolide-induced hepatoma cell cytotoxicity involved multiple apoptotic signal pathways. This may implicate that sinulariolide is a potential compound for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80761, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Chia-Yu Tsao
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Chun-Tzu Hung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80249, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Hsiang-Hao Chao
- English Division of the Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02091, Poland; E-Mail:
| | - Jen-Jie Lin
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mails: (J.-J.L.); (M.-H.L.)
| | - Ming-Hui Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mails: (J.-J.L.); (M.-H.L.)
| | - Zih-Yan Yang
- Graduate Institute of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Han Hisang Huang
- Department of Beauty Science, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mails: (H.H.H.); (F.-J.T.)
| | - Feng-Jen Tsai
- Department of Beauty Science, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mails: (H.H.H.); (F.-J.T.)
| | - Shun-Hsiang Weng
- Department of Hospitality Management, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Beauty Science, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan; E-Mails: (H.H.H.); (F.-J.T.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: or ; Tel.: +886-8-779-9821 (ext. 8613); Fax: +886-8-779-7821
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