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Opara CC, Davey CH, Kityo C, Brinza E, Nazzindah R, Bittencourt MS, Oliveira V, Webel AR, Longenecker CT. Objectively measured physical activity among people with and without HIV in Uganda: associations with cardiovascular risk and coronary artery disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.07.24308634. [PMID: 38883713 PMCID: PMC11178025 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.07.24308634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Africa has a disproportionate burden of HIV-related cardiovascular disease. We aimed to describe physical activity in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and people without HIV (PWOH) in Uganda and characterize its relationship with the presence of computed tomography angiography-detected (CCTA) coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Ugandan Study of HIV Effects on the Myocardium and Atherosclerosis using Computed Tomography (mUTIMA-CT) cohort. From 2017-2019, physical activity in PLHIV and PWOH was assessed by accelerometry over seven days. Participants additionally underwent CCTA. Univariable and multivariable modified Poisson regression was used to analyze the relationship between physical activity and CAD presence. Results 168 participants were analyzed. The median (IQR) age was 57 (53-58) years old and 64% were female. Males had more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week [68 minutes (12-144) vs 15 minutes (0-50), P<0.001] and less light physical activity [788 minutes (497-1,202) vs [1,059 (730-1490), P=0.001] compared to females, but there was no difference by HIV status. After adjusting for age, which accounted for 10% of the variation in steps taken, and sex, no significant associations were found between physical activity and coronary plaque. Conclusion Objectively measured physical activity was low compared to guideline recommendations, with males being somewhat more active than females and without significant differences by HIV status. Physical activity was not associated with the presence of CAD independently of age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinonso C Opara
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Cissy Kityo
- Joint Clinical Research Center, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ellen Brinza
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | | | | | - Vitor Oliveira
- University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison R Webel
- University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chris T Longenecker
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seattle, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Qin XM, Allan R, Park JY, Kim SH, Joo CH. Impact of exercise training and diet therapy on the physical fitness, quality of life, and immune response of people living with HIV/AIDS: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:730. [PMID: 38448851 PMCID: PMC10918898 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise and dietary nutrition are considered crucial in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treatment protocols and people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) rehabilitation care. However, there is no well-studied research evaluating the effects of combined interventions on the fitness and immune systems of PLWHA. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effects of exercise and dietary intervention on physical fitness, quality of life and immune response in PLWHA. METHODS This was an experimental study, with a sample of 25 male PLWHA divided into two groups: the intervention group (IG: 12 participants) and the control group (CG: 13 participants). All participants have not had any exercise habits and nutritional supplements in the past six months. The participants in the IG completed 45 min of exercise (60-80% HRmax) 4 times per week for 4 weeks. The exercise was in the form of brisk walking or running. They were also given a nutritional dietary supplement 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The 13 individuals in the CG continued their normal daily life (physical activity and diet). The following parameters were evaluated before and after the intervention: body composition, physical fitness, immune response, quality of life (QoL), stress, dietary behavior, dietary habits, exercise motivation, and physical self-efficacy. RESULTS The significant changes were observed in burnout of stress variables and physical efficiency index (PEI) of physical fitness in the IG (p =.023). Moreover, in the saliva samples, sal-T levels significantly increased only after the intervention in the IG (p =.012). Additionally, regarding the analysis of the interaction (group × time), there was a significant improvement in the reaction speed (p =.001) and grip strength (left: p =.002, right: p =.030) and a significant difference in physical satisfaction in QoL (p =.001), stress burnout (p =.043), self-confidence in physical efficacy (p =.045), external display (p =.008), and fulfillment (p =.047) in exercise motivation. Moreover, the significant effect of the intervention on emotional eating in dietary behavior was shown in the comparison of the IG before and after intervention (p =.001) and in the comparison of the IG group with the CG after the experiment (p =.013). However, there was no significant effect of time or interaction between the condition and time on body composition. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, exercise training and diet therapy caused changes in physical fitness and Sal-T levels, which had positive effects on the health promotion of PLWHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Min Qin
- Department of Sport Science, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Health Science and Technology Convergence, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert Allan
- Research Centre for Applied Sport, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Sport Science, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Hwa Joo
- Department of Sport Science, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Smart Health Science and Technology Convergence, Kangwon National University, 1 Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Preveden A, Čolović P, Garipi E, Bogdan M, Preveden M, Marić D, Brkić S, Barak O. Influence of physical activity on endothelial function in people living with HIV. HIV Med 2024; 25:143-149. [PMID: 37589182 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Decreased physical activity is a major cardiovascular risk factor that is particularly pronounced in people living with HIV (PLHIV), who are more susceptible to endothelial dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis than the general population due to multiple mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to analyse whether regular physical activity is capable of improving endothelial function measured by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in PLHIV. METHODS We performed FMD measurement in 38 PLHIV, along with the assessment of their regular physical activity level using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS Flow-mediated dilatation results in PLHIV were 0.31 ± 0.06 mm and 7.34% ± 1.41% for absolute and relative FMD, respectively. IPAQ results showed that the average weekly level of physical activity was 3631.1 ± 1526.7 MET-min/week, whereas the average daily sitting time was 287.3 ± 102.7 min/day. Predictors jointly accounted for 48% (adjusted value 42%) of FMD variance. Bootstrapped confidence levels revealed that physical activity had a statistically significant effect on the outcome [beta = 0.517, 2.5% confidence interval (CI) = 0.205, 97.5% CI = 0.752]. CONCLUSION Physical activity represents a widely available and uncostly tool that is capable of improving endothelial function and overall cardiovascular health in PLHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Preveden
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Petar Čolović
- Faculty of Phylosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Enis Garipi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja Bogdan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute for Pulmonary Diseases Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Mihaela Preveden
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Daniela Marić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Snežana Brkić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Otto Barak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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SantaBarbara NJ, Swendeman D, Arnold EM, Nosrat S, Comulada WS. Exercise preferences for young people at-risk for and living with HIV: a short report. AIDS Care 2023; 35:1830-1835. [PMID: 36200381 PMCID: PMC10076448 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2022.2128161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Exercise can improve physical and mental health for young people at risk for and with HIV, but prevalence rates remain low. This study explored exercise preferences and barriers among young people at risk for and with HIV, and potential gender differences. A total of 129 participants (66.7% male, mean age = 23.8 [SD = 2.1; range: 19-28], 35.7% Black/African American) at-risk for or with HIV were recruited from a larger study and completed an online survey of exercise preferences and barriers. Overall, participants preferred an exercise program that takes place at a fitness center, occurs alone, has a coach/instructor present, is between 30 and 60 minutes, lasts longer than 8 weeks, and includes aerobic and resistance exercises. The fatiguing nature of exercise and cost were common barriers among all genders. Few gender differences emerged. These results should be used to design exercise programs for young adults at risk for and with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. SantaBarbara
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 10920 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA 90024
- School of Health Sciences, Merrimack College, 315 Turnpike Street, North Andover, MA, 01845
| | - Dallas Swendeman
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 10920 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5939 Harry Hines Blvd #303, Dallas, TX, 75390
| | - Sanaz Nosrat
- Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College/CUNY, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard Bronx, NY, 10468
| | - Warren Scott Comulada
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 10920 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA 90024
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Sanabria G, Bushover B, Ashrafnia S, Cordoba E, Schnall R. Understanding Physical Activity Determinants in an HIV Self-Management Intervention: Qualitative Analysis Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e47666. [PMID: 37707942 PMCID: PMC10540011 DOI: 10.2196/47666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living with HIV have long life expectancy and are experiencing more comorbid conditions, being at an increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes, further exacerbated due to the HIV or inflammatory process. One effective intervention shown to decrease mortality and improve health outcomes related to CVD and diabetes in people living with HIV is increased regular physical activity. However, people living with HIV often fall short of the daily recommended physical activity levels. While studies show that mobile health (mHealth) can potentially help improve people's daily activity levels and reduce mortality rates due to comorbid conditions, these studies do not specifically focus on people living with HIV. As such, it is essential to understand how mHealth interventions, such as wearables, can improve the physical activity of people living with HIV. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to understand participants' experiences wearing a fitness tracker and an app to improve their physical activity. METHODS In total, 6 focus groups were conducted with participants who completed the control arm of a 6-month randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03205982). The control arm received daily walk step reminders to walk at least 5000 steps per day and focused on the overall wellness of the individual. The analysis of the qualitative focus groups used inductive content analysis using the theory of planned behavior as a framework to guide and organize the analysis. RESULTS In total, 41 people living with HIV participated in the focus groups. The majority (n=26, 63%) of participants reported their race as Black or African American, and 32% (n=13) of them identified their ethnicity as Hispanic or Latino. In total, 9 major themes were identified and organized following the theory of planned behavior constructs. Overall, 2 major themes (positive attitude toward tracking steps and tracking steps is motivating) related to attitudes toward the behavior, 2 major themes (social support or motivation from the fitness tracker and app and encouragement from family and friends) related to participant's subjective norms, 1 theme (you can adjust your daily habits with time) related to perceived behavioral control, 2 themes (reach their step goal and have a healthier lifestyle) related to participant's intention, and 2 themes (continuing to walk actively and regularly wearing the fitness tracker) related to participant's changed behavior. Participants highlighted how the mHealth interface with the avatar and daily step tracking motivated them to both begin and continue to engage in physical activity by adjusting their daily routines. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study illustrate how features of mHealth apps may motivate people living with HIV to start and continue sustained engagement in physical activities. This sustained increase in physical activity is crucial for reducing the risk of comorbid conditions such as diabetes or CVD. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03205982; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03205982.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Sanabria
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Brady Bushover
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sarah Ashrafnia
- Division of Scholarship and Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, United States
| | - Evette Cordoba
- Division of Scholarship and Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca Schnall
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Scholarship and Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, United States
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Mabweazara SZ, Manne-Goehler J, Bibangambah P, Kim JH, Ruth S, Hemphill LC, Okello S, Hamer M, Siedner MJ. Correlates of physical activity among people living with and without HIV in rural Uganda. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2023; 5:1093298. [PMID: 37547804 PMCID: PMC10398393 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2023.1093298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to diminishing AIDS-related mortality but a concomitant increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) for people with HIV (PWH). Whereas physical activity (PA) has been shown to help prevent NCDs and NCD outcomes in other settings, there are few data on PA and its correlates among PWH in high-endemic settings. We aimed to compare PA by HIV serostatus in rural Uganda. Methods We analysed data from the UGANDAC study, an observational cohort including PWH in ambulatory HIV care in Mbarara, Uganda, and age- and gender-matched people without HIV (PWOH). Our primary outcome of interest was PA, which we assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and considered as a continuous measure of metabolic equivalents in minutes/week (MET-min/week). Our primary exposure of interest was HIV serostatus. We fit univariable and multivariable linear regression models to estimate the relationship between HIV and PA levels, with and without addition of sociodemographic and clinical correlates of PA (MET-min/week). In secondary analyses, we explored relationships restricted to rural residents, and interactions between gender and serostatus. Results We enrolled 309 participants, evenly divided by serostatus and gender. The mean age of PWH was 52 [standard deviation (SD) 7.2] and 52.6 (SD 7.3) for PWOH. In general, participants engaged in high levels of PA regardless of serostatus, with 81.2% (251/309) meeting criteria for high PA. However, PWOH reported higher mean levels of PA met-minutes/week than PWH (9,128 vs 7,152, p ≤ 0.001), and a greater proportion of PWOH (88.3%; 136/154) met the criteria for high PA compared to PWH (74.2%; 115/155). In adjusted models, lower levels of PA persisted among PWH (β = -1,734, 95% CI: -2,645, -824, p ≤ 0.001). Results were similar in a sensitivity analysis limited to people living in rural areas. Conclusion In a rural Ugandan cohort, PWOH had higher levels of PA than PWH. Interventions that encourage PA among PWH may have a role in improving NCD risk profiles among PWH in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smart Z. Mabweazara
- Clinical Research Department, Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Jennifer Manne-Goehler
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States
- Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA, United States
| | - Prossy Bibangambah
- Faculties of Medicine and Radiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - June-Ho Kim
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States
- Ariadne Labs, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sentongo Ruth
- Faculties of Medicine and Radiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Linda C. Hemphill
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States
| | - Samson Okello
- Faculties of Medicine and Radiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Mark Hamer
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J. Siedner
- Clinical Research Department, Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States
- Faculties of Medicine and Radiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Simon L, Primeaux SD, Levitt DE, Bourgeois B, Johannsen NM, Peters A, Ahmed J, Marshall RH, Fairchild AH, Ferguson TF, Molina PE. An aerobic exercise intervention to improve metabolic health among people living with HIV with at-risk alcohol use: the ALIVE-Ex research study protocol. AIDS Res Ther 2023; 20:35. [PMID: 37296413 PMCID: PMC10251573 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-023-00530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) has improved life expectancy and increased risk of age-associated cardiometabolic comorbidities. At-risk alcohol use is more frequent among PLWH and increases the risk of health challenges. PLWH with at-risk alcohol use are more likely to meet criteria for prediabetes/diabetes and this is associated with impaired whole-body glucose-insulin dynamics. METHODS The Alcohol & Metabolic Comorbidities in PLWH: Evidence Driven Interventions Study (ALIVE-Ex Study, NCT03299205) is a longitudinal, prospective, interventional study to determine the effects of an aerobic exercise protocol on improving dysglycemia among PLWH with at-risk alcohol use. The intervention is a moderate intensity aerobic exercise protocol implemented 3 days per week for 10 weeks at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans. Participants who have a fasting blood glucose level between 94 and 125 mg/dl will be enrolled in the study. Oral glucose tolerance tests, fitness assessments, and skeletal muscle biopsies will be performed pre- and post-exercise intervention. The primary outcome is to determine whether the exercise protocol improves measures of whole-body glucose-insulin dynamics, cardiorespiratory fitness, and skeletal muscle metabolic and bioenergetic function. Secondary outcomes are to determine whether the exercise intervention improves cognitive function and overall quality of life. Results generated will demonstrate the effect of exercise on glycemic measures in PLWH with subclinical dysglycemia and at-risk alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS The proposed intervention will also have the potential to be scalable to promote lifestyle changes among PLWH, particularly in underserved communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Stefany D Primeaux
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Program, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Danielle E Levitt
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Brianna Bourgeois
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Neil M Johannsen
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Adrianna Peters
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jameel Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Richard H Marshall
- Department of Radiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | | | - Tekeda F Ferguson
- Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Program, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Fazeli PL, Willig AL, Oliveira V, Buford TW, Vance DE, Burkholder G, Crane HM, Horvat Davey C, Fleming J, Webel AR. The Association Between Objectively-Measured Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning in Middle-Aged and Older People Living with HIV. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:1199-1210. [PMID: 36163604 PMCID: PMC10129017 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Middle-aged and older people living with HIV (PWH) are at higher risk for cognitive impairment and engage in lower levels of physical activity (PA) than seronegative counterparts. Research examining the association between objectively-measured PA and cognitive function in this population is scarce. This cross-sectional study examined the association between accelerometry-measured PA and cognitive functioning among 75 PWH (mean age 55.63). Light PA was the PA variable with the most consistent associations with cognition, with more minutes per week of light PA (performed in bouts of ≥ 10 min) being associated with better executive function, working memory/attention, and speed of processing performance, adjusted for age and current CD4 count. Findings suggest that although middle-aged and older PWH engage in more light than moderate-to-vigorous PA, light PA may be beneficial to cognition. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand PA dose-response associations with cognitive trajectories, cognitive domain specificity of PA effects, and underlying neural mechanisms of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pariya L Fazeli
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.
- Department of Family, Community, and Health Systems, UAB School of Nursing, NB 470C, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-1210, USA.
| | - Amanda L Willig
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Vitor Oliveira
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Thomas W Buford
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - David E Vance
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Greer Burkholder
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Heidi M Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Yu XD, Huang H, Jiao Y, Li J, Fan X, Zhang D, Wang FS. Incidence and risk factors of hypertriglyceridemia in males with human immunodeficiency virus who are treated with combination antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:27. [PMID: 36823632 PMCID: PMC9948465 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01786-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation even when low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are normal. However, few cohort studies on hypertriglyceridemia have been conducted in males with higher susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related deterioration of arterial structure and function. Our objective was to investigate the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia during treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in males with HIV and explore its related risk factors. METHODS In this retrospective study, we included 309 males living with HIV (median age 31 years [interquartile range 26-42.5]) who initiated cART treatment in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2018. We collected follow-up data on serum triglycerides and other related information as of June 31, 2021. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the related risk factors. RESULTS In 666.7 person-years, hypertriglyceridemia occurred in 140 patients (triglyceride ≥2.3 mmol/L [200 mg/dL]), and the incidence rate was 21.0 per 100 person-years (Patients who took the lamivudine [3TC] + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate [TDF] + efavirenz [EFV] regimen accounted for 77.0% of the total patients.). Multiple Cox regression analysis showed that baseline CD4/CD8 ratio < 0.20 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.705 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.381-5.296]; P = 0.004}, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24.0 kg/m2 (HR, 1.768 [95% CI: 1.225-2.552]; P = 0.002), borderline high triglyceride at baseline (HR, 3.457 [95% CI: 2.162-5.527]; P < 0.001), and 3TC + zidovudine (AZT) + EFV regimen (HR, 2.702 [95% CI: 1.593-4.581]; P < 0.001), or 3TC + TDF + lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) regimen (HR, 4.349 [95% CI: 2.664-7.102]; P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for hypertriglyceridemia. CONCLUSION During the course of cART treatment, the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia in males with HIV was high. The main risk factors influencing its occurrence are a low baseline CD4/CD8 ratio, overweight and obesity, and the use of AZT or LPV/r in the cART regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-dong Yu
- grid.252957.e0000 0001 1484 5512School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000 Anhui China ,grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Huihuang Huang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Yanmei Jiao
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Jing Li
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Xing Fan
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Fu-sheng Wang
- grid.252957.e0000 0001 1484 5512School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000 Anhui China ,grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China
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10
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Mabweazara SZ, Manne-Goehler J, Hamer M, Cellini J, Siedner MJ. Characteristics and efficacy of physical activity interventions to improve cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes in people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a systematic review. Syst Rev 2023; 12:24. [PMID: 36814348 PMCID: PMC9948386 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to an increased lifespan for people living with HIV (PWH). This increased lifespan, coupled with the effects of HIV and adverse effects of ART have resulted in an increasing burden of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) among PWH. Physical activity (PA) has been proposed as an effective strategy to reduce the risk of developing cardiometabolic disease and other health complications in PWH. The aim of this paper is to review the characteristics and efficacy of PA interventions to improve cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes among PWH in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS The review will follow the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P). Literature searches will be conducted in PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), African Index Medicus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Embase. Peer-reviewed publications will be included if they include adults (age 18 or older), PWH in sub-Saharan Africa, and a PA intervention to improve cardiometabolic outcomes and/or psychosocial outcomes. We will include randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental study designs. Two independent reviewers will screen all abstracts and full-text articles. The study methodological quality (or bias) will be appraised using the Revised tool to assess risk of bias in randomized trials and the Downs and Black checklist. Certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. Meta-analyses will be conducted if our results are adequate for meta-analysis. Outcomes will be analyzed as continuous or dichotomous and meta-analyses will be conducted using random effects models with Stata computer software. DISCUSSION This review will identify and synthesize the current evidence regarding the characteristics and efficacy of PA interventions to improve cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes among PWH in sub-Saharan Africa. We also plan to identify the strengths and weaknesses of evaluated interventions. Based on the evidence, recommendations will be made to promote the design and further evaluate the most promising strategies to maximize the efficacy of PA interventions in improving cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes in PWH in sub-Saharan Africa. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42021271937.
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Affiliation(s)
- SZ Mabweazara
- Africa Health Research Institute, Africa Centre Building, Route 618, Somkhele, KwaZulu Natal South Africa
| | - J Manne-Goehler
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - M Hamer
- University College London, London, UK
| | | | - MJ Siedner
- Africa Health Research Institute, Africa Centre Building, Route 618, Somkhele, KwaZulu Natal South Africa
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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11
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Chetty L, Cobbing S, Chetty V. The perceptions of older people living with hiv/aids towards physical activity and exercise. AIDS Res Ther 2022; 19:67. [PMID: 36575436 PMCID: PMC9795653 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-022-00500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people living with HIV (OPLWH) require significant levels of support, including healthcare and rehabilitation interventions. People living with HIV are living longer, but still experience health-related impairments that affect functional activity, participation in day-to-day interactions, livelihoods and overall quality of life. Physical activity and exercise should be included as part of the comprehensive medical management for OPLWH but the investigation of prior studies reveal a gap in understanding and prescription. Our study aimed to explore the perceptions of OPLWH about physical activity and exercise. METHODS The study adopted a phenomenological, qualitative design, using in-depth interviews, to understand OPLWH perceptions of physical activity and exercise, and their need for, and access to, physical activity and exercise programmes in a community in South Africa. Nine [9] males and seven [7] females participated in the study. RESULTS Sixteen individuals voluntarily participated in face-to-face, semi-structured interviews which took place at the healthcare facility where they received regular treatment. All participants were 50 years and older. Personal gratification and the ability to perform activities of daily living as well as participate in community activities were believed to be strong motivators for exercise participation, while barriers to exercise were attributed to physical health issues; lack of proper instruction as well as stigma associated with HIV status within their communities. Participants also favored a combination of aerobic, flexibility and strength activities, as well as proper supervision and instruction within a group exercise setting. CONCLUSION The qualitative nature of our study provided an in-depth understanding of the perceptions of OPLWH towards physical activity and exercise. Our study highlighted the factors that hinder adherence to physical activity and exercise in this population. Many indicated that they would love to engage in structured physical activity programmes, but did not know where, when or how to begin. Creating a suitable environment with proper supervision and instruction by suitably qualified health professionals are essential when developing a community-based exercise programme for OPLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levin Chetty
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000 Westville South Africa
| | - Saul Cobbing
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000 Westville South Africa
| | - Verusia Chetty
- grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000 Westville South Africa
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12
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Alves TC, Pugliesi Abdalla P, Bohn L, Da Silva LSL, dos Santos AP, Tasinafo Júnior MF, Rossini Venturini AC, Mota J, Lopes Machado DR. Acute and chronic cardiometabolic responses induced by resistance training with blood flow restriction in HIV patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16989. [PMID: 36216952 PMCID: PMC9550823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance training with blood flow restriction (RTBFR) allows physically impaired people living with HIV (PWH) to exercise at lower intensities than traditional resistance training (TRT). But the acute and chronic cardiac and metabolic responses of PWH following an RTBFR protocol are unknown. The objective was to compare the safety of acute and chronic effects on hemodynamic and lipid profiles between TRT or RTBFR in PWH. In this randomized control trial, 14 PWH were allocated in RTBFR (GRTBFR; n = 7) or TRT (GTRT; n = 7). Both resistance training protocols had 36 sessions (12 weeks, three times per week). Protocol intensity was 30% (GRTBFR) and 80% (GTRT). Hemodynamic (heart rate, blood pressure) and lipid profile were acutely (rest and post exercise 7th, 22nd, and 35th sessions) and chronically (pre and post-program) recorded. General linear models were applied to determine group * time interaction. In the comparisons between groups, the resistance training program showed acute adaptations: hemodynamic responses were not different (p > 0.05), regardless of the assessment session; and chronicles: changes in lipidic profile favors GRTBFR, which significantly lower level of total cholesterol (p = 0.024), triglycerides (p = 0.002) and LDL (p = 0.030) compared to GTRT. RTBFR and TRT induced a similar hemodynamic adaptation in PWH, with no significant risks of increased cardiovascular stress. Additionally, RTBFR promoted better chronic adequacy of lipid profile than TRT. Therefore, RTBFR presents a safe resistance training alternative for PWH.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02783417; Date of registration: 26/05/2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Cândido Alves
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Universidade de São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes no 3900, University Campus-Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902 Brazil
| | - Pedro Pugliesi Abdalla
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Universidade de São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes no 3900, University Campus-Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902 Brazil ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucimere Bohn
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal ,grid.410936.90000 0001 2199 9085Universidade Lusófona do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Leonardo Santos Lopes Da Silva
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Universidade de São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes no 3900, University Campus-Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902 Brazil
| | - André Pereira dos Santos
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Universidade de São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes no 3900, University Campus-Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902 Brazil
| | - Márcio Fernando Tasinafo Júnior
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Universidade de São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes no 3900, University Campus-Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902 Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Rossini Venturini
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Universidade de São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes no 3900, University Campus-Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902 Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Universidade de São Paulo, Avenue of Bandeirantes no 3900, University Campus-Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902 Brazil ,grid.5808.50000 0001 1503 7226Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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13
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Gomide EBG, Abdalla PP, Pisa MF, Schneider G, Vieira LG, Mazzonetto LF, de Sousa Oliveira A, Sebastião E, Dos Santos AP. The role of physical activity in the clinical outcomes of people diagnosed with Covid-19: A systematic review. JSAMS PLUS 2022; 1:100007. [PMID: 36415823 PMCID: PMC9672901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsampl.2022.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective This review aimed to compile the evidence on PA and clinical outcomes of people receiving a positive diagnosis of covid-19. Design Systematic review. Methods The search was performed in five databases: EMBASE, MEDLINE via PubMed portal, Scopus, SPORTDiscus via EBSCO platform, and Web of Science. In addition, the "gray" literature was searched through Google Scholar and medRxiv published between January 2020 and July 2022. Studies were assessed for risk of bias, with the extraction of relevant data. Our search revealed a total of 10,028 studies. Results After applying the eligibility criteria 32 studies were included. Thirty-one studies were at low to moderate risk of bias. Physically active individuals, who were diagnosed with covid-19, presented attenuation of clinical outcomes, such as decreased risk of hospitalization, recovery time, number of symptoms, severity, and ICU and death when compared to individuals with low levels of PA or classified as sedentary. Conclusions Physically active individuals when diagnosed with covid-19 may have decreased risk of several clinical outcomes related to covid-19, including but not limited to hospitalization and number of symptoms. Public health authorities should develop strategies and initiatives that promote safe PA environments to improve the clinical prognosis of people diagnosed with covid-19. Study registration Open Science Framework (OSF), DOI registry 10.17605/OSF.IO/PV6NF. It can be consulted through the access link: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PV6NF, October 07, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euripedes Barsanulfo Gonçalves Gomide
- Claretiano - University Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training and Sport, Ribeirão Preto. School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Pugliesi Abdalla
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training and Sport, Ribeirão Preto. School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Sports (FADEUP), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcel Frezza Pisa
- Claretiano - University Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto College of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lisa Fernanda Mazzonetto
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training and Sport, Ribeirão Preto. School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alcivandro de Sousa Oliveira
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training and Sport, Ribeirão Preto. School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emerson Sebastião
- Health and Exercise Research Group. Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, United States
| | - André Pereira Dos Santos
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training and Sport, Ribeirão Preto. School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network (HEID), Brazil
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14
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Effects of Physical Activity Interventions on Health Outcomes among Older Adults Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148439. [PMID: 35886293 PMCID: PMC9317429 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of evidence regarding the effects of exercise on older individuals living with HIV. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined previous studies on physical activity interventions for people living with HIV aged ≥50 years. The effectiveness of the interventions on various physical and psychological health outcomes was evaluated. Databases used for this review included PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library CENTRAL. Twelve randomized controlled trials on physical activity interventions for people ≥50 years and living with HIV were included. Standardized mean differences were calculated using random-effect models. All effect sizes were expressed using Cohen’s d values and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Physical activity interventions had a significant effect on walking capacity (Cohen’s d: 0.467; 95% CI [0.069, 0.865]). The effect sizes on cardiorespiratory fitness, weight, and health-related quality of life were not significant. These findings suggest that physical activity interventions for people living with HIV aged ≥50 years are effective for the improvement of walking capacity. Further larger and higher-quality studies are required to determine the full effects of physical activity interventions on various health outcomes among older adults with HIV.
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15
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Deminice R, Oliveira VHF, Webel AR, Erlandson KM. Sarcopenia Related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Protective Effects of Exercise. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2022; 50:73-80. [PMID: 35029356 PMCID: PMC8917999 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We discuss recent evidence supporting the hypothesis that sarcopenia is an emerging health concern among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because of increasing life expectancy and HIV- and treatment-related comorbidities. We also hypothesize that combined exercise at higher intensity has a key role in managing sarcopenia in this population because it directly (increases muscle strength and stimulates hypertrophy) and indirectly (prevents mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and persistent inflammation) counteracts sarcopenia hallmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Deminice
- Department of Physical Education, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vitor H F Oliveira
- Department of Child, Family and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Allison R Webel
- Department of Child, Family and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Kristine M Erlandson
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
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16
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Backward Walking Training Impacts Positive Effect on Improving Walking Capacity after Stroke: A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063370. [PMID: 35329056 PMCID: PMC8956083 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The meta-analysis aimed to investigate the potential effect of backward walking training (BWT) on walking function improvement among stroke patients. Data sources: Eligible studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Methods: Heterogeneity among enrolled studies was assessed. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to pool the outcomes. Results: Seven articles were included. BWT significantly improved motor functions of stroke patients including 10-meter walk test (WMD (95% CI) = 0.11 (0.01, 0.21) meters/second; p = 0.03); cadence (WMD (95% CI) = 4.00 (0.99, 7.02) step/minute; p < 0.01); Berg balance scale (WMD (95% CI) = 4.38 (2.60, 6.15); p < 0.01); paretic step length (WMD (95% CI) = 5.32 (1.97, 8.67) cm; p < 0.01); and stride length (WMD (95% CI) = 6.61 (0.70, 12.51) cm; p = 0.03) as compared with control group. Conclusion: Our study revealed that BWT had a positive influence on walking function improvement among patients after stroke.
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17
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Construction of Sports and Health Data Resources and Transformation of Teachers' Orientation Based on Web Database. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:4372406. [PMID: 35178228 PMCID: PMC8843996 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4372406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the intelligent era, emerging information technology helps to transform the information society into an intelligent society and the educational system into a new educational ecology. Teachers must change their roles to be competent for future education and teaching as a result of social transformation, technology application, and education development. Simultaneously, figuring out how to sort sports health data and analyze students' physical health information with a low error rate is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Data management skills are an unavoidable requirement of the current state of school physical education. Sports health information management will become easier as computer technology advances and the country places a greater emphasis on computer networks. This paper proposes a Web database-based sports health data management system. This paper can help schools understand the relationship between important factors and indicators that affect students' health in order to guide them in making timely changes to their physical education programs. Provide a reasonable sports health plan based on scientific analysis and evaluation to achieve the goal of improving students' physical quality and reducing workload.
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18
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SantaBarbara NJ, Nosrat S, Arnold EM, Swendeman D, Comulada WS. Intersection of COVID-19, HIV and exercise: a commentary with home-based exercise recommendations for practice. AIDS Care 2022; 34:188-192. [PMID: 34743617 PMCID: PMC8857034 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2021.1998312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide spread of COVID-19 has led to closures or reduced capacity of non-essential businesses and recreational areas and stay-at-home orders to promote social distancing. Although effective to reduce transmission, these policies may negatively impact exercise behaviors. Exercise is effective at mitigating the risk of developing or exacerbating several of underlining risk factors for a more severe COVID-19 disease course and may be particularly important for people with HIV (PWH). In this commentary, we discuss the intersection of COVID-19 and exercise with a specific focus on people living with HIV. We then provide a pragmatic, home-based exercise routine that can be performed with little to no equipment or supervision. It is important for PWH (and others) to start or maintain at least some level of exercise to reduce the risk of a severe COVID-19 disease course and to improve other health outcomes in this unfamiliar climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. SantaBarbara
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 10920 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Sanaz Nosrat
- Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College/CUNY 250 Bedford Park Boulevard Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5939 Harry Hines Blvd #303, Dallas, TX, 75390
| | - Dallas Swendeman
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 10920 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA 90024
| | - Warren Scott Comulada
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 10920 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA 90024
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19
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Zou Y, Sun P, Zhang Y, Li Y. Physical Activities and Associated Factors Among HIV/AIDS Patients: A Questionnaire Survey. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:1703-1712. [PMID: 35898922 PMCID: PMC9309313 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s360517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining health and improving people's overall quality of life living with HIV; improving metabolic side effects associated with taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This study investigated physical activity levels and associated factors among HIV/AIDS patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2021. A convenience sample of 377 HIV/AIDS patients was recruited from a medical center in Zhuhai, China. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires and patients' medical records. RESULTS The average physical activity of HIV/AIDS patients was 1007.15±868.63 met-min/w; 53.8% of patients expressed medium-level activity, and 46.2% in low-level activity. Log-link gamma generalized linear model results showed that gender, T-CD4+ at the latest visit, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers were significant predictors of assessing physical activity levels. CONCLUSION Nearly half of HIV/AIDS patients have low levels of physical activity. In particular, women and patients with lower CD4 cells, lower self-efficacy, and more perceived barriers had lower levels of physical activity. More knowledge is needed on the causes of physical inactivity among people with HIV, and physical activity programs need to be developed for people living with HIV in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqing Zou
- Infectious Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Sun
- Infectious Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - YanYan Zhang
- Infection Intensive Care Unit, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Infectious Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ying Li, Infectious Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 135 0024 2293, Email
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20
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Bonato M, Galli L, Bossolasco S, Bertocchi C, Balconi G, Borderi M, Viale P, Pavei G, Merati G, La Torre A, Lazzarin A, Banfi G, Cinque P. Benefits of a 12 week physical activity programme on muscle and bone health in people living with HIV. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:1613-1616. [PMID: 34596347 PMCID: PMC8718048 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bonato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Galli
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marco Borderi
- Infection Diseases Unit, Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Viale
- Infection Diseases Unit, Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gaspare Pavei
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giampiero Merati
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonio La Torre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Cinque
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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21
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Winston N, Swanson B, Fogg LF, Capuano AW, Wilbur J, Barnes LL. Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in African American Older Adults Living With HIV. J Gerontol Nurs 2021; 47:27-34. [PMID: 34846255 PMCID: PMC10831904 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20211109-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between self-reported physical activity (minutes/week) and cognitive functioning in a sample of African American older adults living with HIV. A secondary analysis of baseline data collected from clinically stable African American older adults living with HIV (aged >50 years; N = 124) enrolled in the Rush Center of Excellence on Disparities in HIV and Aging study was conducted. Participants completed a battery of 19 cognitive function tests that were used to create summary scores of global cognition and five cognitive domains. Physical activity was measured using a modified self-report questionnaire derived from a national health survey. Average self-reported number of weekly minutes spent in light physical activity was 290.6 minutes and for moderate/vigorous physical activity was 314.67 minutes. Number of weekly minutes of light physical activity was significantly positively associated with visuospatial ability; however, no associations were found between moderate/vigorous physical activity and any cognitive domain. Contrary to expectations, our findings do not support a relationship between moderate/vigorous physical activity and cognitive function in African American older adults living with HIV. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47(12), 27-34.].
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Pérez-Chaparro CGA, Schuch FB, Zech P, Kangas M, Rapp MA, Heissel A. Recreational Exercising and Self-Reported Cardiometabolic Diseases in German People Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11579. [PMID: 34770094 PMCID: PMC8583567 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is known for its beneficial effects on preventing cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in the general population. People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are prone to sedentarism, thus raising their already elevated risk of developing CMDs in comparison to individuals without HIV. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine if exercise is associated with reduced risk of self-reported CMDs in a German HIV-positive sample (n = 446). Participants completed a self-report survey to assess exercise levels, date of HIV diagnosis, CD4 cell count, antiretroviral therapy, and CMDs. Participants were classified into exercising or sedentary conditions. Generalized linear models with Poisson regression were conducted to assess the prevalence ratio (PR) of PLWH reporting a CMD. Exercising PLWH were less likely to report a heart arrhythmia for every increase in exercise duration (PR: 0.20: 95% CI: 0.10-0.62, p < 0.01) and diabetes mellitus for every increase in exercise session per week (PR: 0.40: 95% CI: 0.10-1, p < 0.01). Exercise frequency and duration are associated with a decreased risk of reporting arrhythmia and diabetes mellitus in PLWH. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying exercise as a protective factor for CMDs in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe B. Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105, Brazil;
| | - Philipp Zech
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Maria Kangas
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia;
| | - Michael A. Rapp
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Intra-Faculty Unit “Cognitive Sciences”, Faculty of Human Science, and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Research Area Services Research and e-Health, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (M.A.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Andreas Heissel
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Intra-Faculty Unit “Cognitive Sciences”, Faculty of Human Science, and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Research Area Services Research and e-Health, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (M.A.R.); (A.H.)
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O’Brien KK, Davis AM, Chan Carusone S, Avery L, Tang A, Solomon P, Aubry R, Zobeiry M, Ilic I, Pandovski Z, Bayoumi AM. Examining the impact of a community-based exercise intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular health, strength, flexibility and physical activity among adults living with HIV: A three-phased intervention study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257639. [PMID: 34559851 PMCID: PMC8462727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to examine the impact of a community-based exercise (CBE) intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular health, strength, flexibility, and physical activity outcomes among adults living with HIV. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal intervention study with community-dwelling adults living with HIV in Toronto, Canada. We measured cardiopulmonary fitness (V̇O2peak (primary outcome), heart rate, blood pressure), strength (grip strength, vertical jump, back extension, push-ups, curl ups), flexibility (sit and reach test), and self-reported physical activity bimonthly across three phases. Phase 1 included baseline monitoring (8 months); Phase 2 included the CBE Intervention (6 months): participants were asked to exercise (aerobic, strength, balance and flexibility training) for 90 minutes, 3 times/week, with weekly supervised coaching at a community-based fitness centre; and Phase 3 included follow-up (8 months) where participants were expected to continue with thrice weekly exercise independently. We used segmented regression (adjusted for baseline age and sex) to assess the change in trend (slope) among phases. Our main estimates of effect were the estimated change in slope, relative to baseline values, over the 6 month CBE intervention. RESULTS Of the 108 participants who initiated Phase 1, 80 (74%) started and 67/80 (84%) completed the intervention and 52/67 (77%) completed the study. Most participants were males (87%), with median age of 51 years (interquartile range (IQR): 45, 59). Participants reported a median of 4 concurrent health conditions in addition to HIV (IQR: 2,7). Participants attended a median of 18/25 (72%) weekly supervised sessions. Change in V̇O2peak attributed to the six-month Phase 2 CBE intervention was 0.56 ml/kg/min (95% Confidence Interval (CI): -1.27, 2.39). Significant effects of the intervention were observed for systolic blood pressure (-5.18 mmHg; 95% CI: -9.66, -0.71), push-ups (2.30 additional push-ups; 95% CI: 0.69, 3.91), curl ups (2.89 additional curl ups; 95% CI: 0.61, 5.17), and sit and reach test (1.74 cm; 95% CI: 0.21, 3.28). More participants engaged in self-reported strength (p<0.001) and flexibility (p = 0.02) physical activity at the end of intervention. During Phase 3 follow-up, there was a significant reduction in trend of benefits observed during the intervention phase for systolic blood pressure (1.52 mmHg/month; 95% CI: 0.67, 2.37) and sit and reach test (-0.42 cm/month; 95% CI: -0.68, -0.16). CONCLUSION Adults living with HIV who engaged in this six-month CBE intervention demonstrated inconclusive results in relation to V̇O2peak, and potential improvements in other outcomes of cardiovascular health, strength, flexibility and self-reported physical activity. Future research should consider features tailored to promote uptake and sustained engagement in independent exercise among adults living with HIV. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02794415. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT02794415.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K. O’Brien
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aileen M. Davis
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Lisa Avery
- University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Avery Information, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ada Tang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Solomon
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Aubry
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ivan Ilic
- Central Toronto YMCA, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ahmed M. Bayoumi
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Choi JY, Lui GCY, Liao CT, Yang CJ. Managing cardiovascular risk in people living with HIV in Asia - where are we now? HIV Med 2021; 23:111-120. [PMID: 34494350 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) approaches that of the general population, the burden of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing. Regardless of HIV status, about 50% of CVD deaths worldwide occur in Asia, and Asian PLWH have a high prevalence of conventional CVD risk factors, such as smoking, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and insulin resistance or diabetes. As well as conventional CVD risk factors, PLWH have HIV-specific risk factors such as chronic inflammation, immune activation and endothelial damage, as well as risk factors related to antiretroviral therapy. This review describes the current knowledge on the epidemiology and risk factors of CVD in Asian PLWH and provides an Asian perspective on the recommendations for managing CVD risk in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yong Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Grace Chung Yan Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chia-Te Liao
- Division of Cardiology, Chi-Mei Medical Centre, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Cunningham GB. Physical activity and its relationship with COVID-19 cases and deaths: Analysis of U.S. counties. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 10:570-576. [PMID: 33775882 PMCID: PMC7997405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was to examine county-level associations of physical activity with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths, per 100,000 county residents. METHODS Data were collected from publicly available data sources for 3142 counties and equivalents, including the District of Columbia. Subjective health ratings, percentage uninsured, percentage unemployed, median household income, percentage female residents, percentage White residents, percentage of residents 65 years of age or older, and rural designation served as controls. RESULTS The two-level random intercept regression showed that physical activity rates at the county level were statistically and negatively associated with COVID-19 cases and deaths. Additional analyses showed that physical activity rates moderated the relationship between cases and deaths, such that the relationship was strongest when physical activity rates were low. CONCLUSION The results presented here offer empirical evidence of the benefits of county-level physical activity during a pandemic. Implications for public health and physical activity provision are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B Cunningham
- Center for Sport Management Research and Education, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Incorporating physical activity in the comprehensive care of people living with HIV starting antiretroviral therapy: Insights from a specialized care setting in São Paulo, Brazil. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254168. [PMID: 34197560 PMCID: PMC8248735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Managing HIV infection as a chronic condition includes encouraging adoption of healthy behaviors and promotion of physical activity (PA). However, people living with HIV (PLH) are often under social and programmatic vulnerability that may compromise behavior change. Understanding such barriers is crucial for successful incorporation of PA in their comprehensive care. Methods and findings In this study, we describe PA, energy intake from diet, and anthropometry of a cohort of PLH starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a Brazilian reference clinic, report how PA was addressed in routine care and investigate association between PA, energy intake and psychosocial constructs that may facilitate PA (social support and self-efficacy for PA). Among 61 PLH (86.9% males, mean age = 32.5 years) anthropometry was normal, but 47.5% reported PA below recommendations. Despite presenting high social support scores, family encouragement for PA was low, and self-efficacy classified as medium. Chart reviews yielded infrequent reports concerning PA. After adjusting for gender and age, we found a negative association between energy intake from diet and self-efficacy, but none between PA and energy intake or between PA and psychosocial constructs. Conclusions We conclude that patients in our cohort were insufficiently active when starting ART, and that PA was poorly addressed by caretakers in routine HIV care. Nevertheless, social support and self-efficacy scores suggest potential for behavioral change. Caregivers should therefore start considering patients’ vulnerabilities and establishing strategies to help them overcome barriers to incorporate PA in their comprehensive care effectively.
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Global and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Levels Among People Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Burundi: A Cross-sectional Study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2021; 32:674-681. [PMID: 33908406 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The latest recommendations for HIV therapeutic management emphasize the importance of regular physical activity (PA). This cross-sectional study assessed the self-reported level of PA, amount of leisure time PA (LTPA), and the predictors of PA practiced in 257 people living with HIV (PLWH) in Burundi. The World Health Organization recommends 150 min of PA per week. In our study, 80.2% of the participants met this recommendation. Participants were more engaged in PA at work (436.8 ± 682.1 min/week) compared with leisure time (231.7 ± 383.8 min/week) and transportation (235.9 ± 496.5 min/week). Multivariate analysis revealed that men (β = -101.65; p = .01) who were white-collar workers (β = 67.21; p < .03) with higher education level (β = 274.21; p < .001) reported higher levels of LTPA than other groups. Integrating PA counseling into the routine care and implementing community-based exercise programs could enhance participation in PA in PLWH.
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Social Capital in Old People Living with HIV Is Associated with Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study in China. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7294574. [PMID: 33313316 PMCID: PMC7721488 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7294574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective Old people living with HIV (PLWH) are experiencing a lower quality of life (QoL) than their younger counterparts and have received insufficient attention in China. Given that social capital has been proven to be effective in improving QoL in other countries, we aimed to examine the association between social capital and QoL among old PLWH in China. Methods The data presented in this study was based on the baseline sample of an ongoing observational prospective cohort study, which was carried out from November 2018 to February 2019. Participants were old PLWH aged ≥50 in Sichuan, China, and were recruited by stratified multistage cluster sampling from 30 communities/towns. A total of 529 eligible participants finished the face-to-face investigation to measure their social capital (i.e., individual and family- (IF-) based social capital and community and society- (CS-) based social capital) and QoL. The QoL's dimensions of physical health summary (PCS) and mental health summary (MCS) were taken as dependent variables. Stepwise linear regression models were used to examine the association between social capital and QoL. Results After considering all significant covariates, the PCS was nonsignificantly correlated with IF-based social capital (β = −0.08, 95% CI [-0.28-0.11]) and CS-based social capital (β = 0.28, 95% CI [-0.03-0.59]), and MCS was significantly correlated with IF-based social capital (β = 0.77, 95% CI [0.54-0.99], p < 0.001) and CS-based social capital (β = 0.40, 95% CI [0.08-0.72], p < 0.05). Conclusion Targeted interventions related to building up social capital should be applied to improve the QoL of old PLWH. Providing extra relief funds and allowances might be helpful to improve PCS; improving community networking and engagement and improving family care might be helpful to improve MCS among this vulnerable population.
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Shirvani H. Exercise and COVID-19 as an Infectious Disease. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 45:311-312. [PMID: 32801421 PMCID: PMC7395958 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2020.86010.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Shirvani
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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