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Sun R, Wang N, Mou H, Gao C, Yu L, Li W, Li T, Huang P, Gong W. Risk Factors for Poor Pain Control in Zoster-Associated Pain: A Retrospective Study. Pain Ther 2022; 11:1471-1481. [PMID: 36030333 PMCID: PMC9633892 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-022-00426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective was to investigate the risk factors for poor pain control in patients with herpes zoster (HZ)-associated neuropathic pain treated with drugs combined with nerve block therapy. Neuropathic pain commonly follows HZ. Nerve block therapy is the most commonly used clinical treatment for such pain, combining anti-inflammation and analgesia to prevent peripheral sensitization of nerve. METHODS Using clinical practice data from a cohort study at our research center, we established a multivariate logistic regression model to investigate potential risk factors for poor control of zoster-associated pain (ZAP) treated with drugs plus nerve block therapy, including demographic characteristics, complications, laboratory tests, and characteristics of HZ attacks. RESULTS Of the 429 patients with ZAP who received drugs plus nerve block therapy, 95 (22.14%) had poor pain control after treatment. The risk of poor pain control was closely related to presence of cancer (odds ratio (OR) 4.173, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.342-12.970), numerical rating scale score on admission (OR 1.929, 95% CI 1.528-2.434), and red blood cell count (OR 0.560, 95% CI 0.328-0.954). Area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.730. Goodness of fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow) was 0.874. CONCLUSIONS The risk of poor pain control in patients with ZAP increased as a result of certain patient characteristics and complications, especially severe pain before treatment and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Sun
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pain and Rehabilitation, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pain and Rehabilitation, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai Mou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Can Gao
- Department of Pain and Rehabilitation, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lv Yu
- Department of Pain and Rehabilitation, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenshan Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiancong Li
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peiling Huang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Gong
- Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine Academy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Heimann AS, Dale CS, Guimarães FS, Reis RAM, Navon A, Shmuelov MA, Rioli V, Gomes I, Devi LL, Ferro ES. Hemopressin as a breakthrough for the cannabinoid field. Neuropharmacology 2021; 183:108406. [PMID: 33212113 PMCID: PMC8609950 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hemopressin (PVNFKFLSH in rats, and PVNFKLLSH in humans and mice), a fragment derived from the α-chain of hemoglobin, was the first peptide described to have type 1 cannabinoid receptor activity. While hemopressin was shown to have inverse agonist/antagonistic activity, extended forms of hemopressin (i.e. RVD-hemopressin, also called pepcan-12) exhibit type 1 and type 2 cannabinoid receptor agonistic/allosteric activity, and recent studies suggest that they can activate intracellular mitochondrial cannabinoid receptors. Therefore, hemopressin and hemopressin-related peptides could have location-specific and biased pharmacological action, which would increase the possibilities for fine-tunning and broadening cannabinoid receptor signal transduction. Consistent with this, hemopressins were shown to play a role in a number of physiological processes including antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of food intake, learning and memory. The shortest active hemopressin fragment, NFKF, delays the first seizure induced by pilocarpine, and prevents neurodegeneration in an experimental model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. These functions of hemopressins could be due to engagement of both cannabinoid and non-cannabinoid receptor systems. Self-assembled nanofibrils of hemopressin have pH-sensitive switchable surface-active properties, and show potential as inflammation and cancer targeted drug-delivery systems. Upon disruption of the self-assembled hemopressin nanofibril emulsion, the intrinsic analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of hemopressin could help bolster the therapeutic effect of anti-inflammatory or anti-cancer formulations. In this article, we briefly review the molecular and behavioral pharmacological properties of hemopressins, and summarize studies on the intricate and unique mode of generation and binding of these peptides to cannabinoid receptors. Thus, the review provides a window into the current status of hemopressins in expanding the repertoire of signaling and activity by the endocannabinoid system, in addition to their new potential for pharmaceutic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila S Dale
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco S Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14025-600, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14025-600, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A M Reis
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Federal University, 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ami Navon
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal A Shmuelov
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Vanessa Rioli
- Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (LETA), Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cell Signaling (CETICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Ivone Gomes
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10029, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lakshmi L Devi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10029, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emer S Ferro
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel; Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Gewehr MCF, Silverio R, Rosa-Neto JC, Lira FS, Reckziegel P, Ferro ES. Peptides from Natural or Rationally Designed Sources Can Be Used in Overweight, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes Therapies. Molecules 2020; 25:E1093. [PMID: 32121443 PMCID: PMC7179135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are among the most prominent health problems in the modern world, mostly because they are either associated with or increase the risk of other diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and/or cancer. Most professional organizations define overweight and obesity according to individual body-mass index (BMI, weight in kilograms divided by height squared in meters). Overweight is defined as individuals with BMI from 25 to 29, and obesity as individuals with BMI ≥30. Obesity is the result of genetic, behavioral, environmental, physiological, social, and cultural factors that result in energy imbalance and promote excessive fat deposition. Despite all the knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of obesity, which is considered a disease, none of the existing treatments alone or in combination can normalize blood glucose concentration and prevent debilitating complications from obesity. This review discusses some new perspectives for overweight and obesity treatments, including the use of the new orally active cannabinoid peptide Pep19, the advantage of which is the absence of undesired central nervous system effects usually experienced with other cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara C. F. Gewehr
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Renata Silverio
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil;
| | - José Cesar Rosa-Neto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Fabio S. Lira
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil;
| | - Patrícia Reckziegel
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pharmacology and Molecular Biology (INFAR), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Emer S. Ferro
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
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Wei F, Zhao L, Jing Y. Hemoglobin-derived peptides and mood regulation. Peptides 2020; 127:170268. [PMID: 32070683 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Evidence accumulated over the past decades has revealed that red blood cells and hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood play important roles in modulating moods and emotions. The number of red blood cells affects the mood. Hb is the principal content in the red blood cells besides water. Denatured Hb is hydrolyzed to produce bioactive peptides. RVD-hemopressin α (RVD-Hpα), which is a fragment of α-chain (95-103) in Hb, functions as a negative allosteric modulator of cannabinoid receptor 1 and a positive allosteric modulator of cannabinoid receptor 2. Hemorphins, which are fragments of β-chain in Hb, exert their effects on opioid receptors. Two hemorphins, namely, LVV-hemorphin-6 and LVV-hemorphin-7, could induce anxiolytic-like effects. The use of Hb-derived bioactive peptides for the treatment of mood disorders is desirable due to cannabinoid-opioid cross modulation and the critical roles of the two systems in physiological processes, such as memory, mood and emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Wei
- Department of Physiology and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University First Affiliated Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Yuhong Jing
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China.
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5
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Pep5, a Fragment of Cyclin D2, Shows Antiparasitic Effects in Different Stages of the Trypanosoma cruzi Life Cycle and Blocks Parasite Infectivity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:AAC.01806-18. [PMID: 30833431 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01806-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pep5 (WELVVLGKL) is a fragment of cyclin D2 that exhibits a 2-fold increase in the S phase of the HeLa cell cycle. When covalently bound to a cell-penetrating peptide (Pep5-cpp), the nonapeptide induces cell death in several tumor cells, including breast cancer and melanoma cells. Additionally, Pep5-cpp reduces the in vivo tumor volume of rat glioblastoma. Chagas disease, which is caused by the flagellated parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a neglected disease that occurs mainly in the Americas, where it is considered an important public health issue. Given that there are only two options for treating the disease, it is exceptionally crucial to search for new molecules with potential pharmacological action against the parasites. In this study, we demonstrate that Pep5-cpp induces cell death in epimastigote, trypomastigote, and amastigote forms of T. cruzi The Pep5-cpp peptide was also able to decrease the percentage of infected cells without causing any detectable toxic effects in mammalian host cells. The infective, i.e., trypomastigote form of T. cruzi pretreated with Pep5-cpp was unable to infect LLC-MK2 monkey kidney cells. Also, Pep5-binding proteins were identified by mass spectrometry, including calmodulin-ubiquitin-associated protein, which is related to the virulence and parasitemia of T. cruzi Taken together, these data suggest that Pep5 can be used as a novel alternative for the treatment of Chagas disease.
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de Araujo CB, Heimann AS, Remer RA, Russo LC, Colquhoun A, Forti FL, Ferro ES. Intracellular Peptides in Cell Biology and Pharmacology. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040150. [PMID: 30995799 PMCID: PMC6523763 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular peptides are produced by proteasomes following degradation of nuclear, cytosolic, and mitochondrial proteins, and can be further processed by additional peptidases generating a larger pool of peptides within cells. Thousands of intracellular peptides have been sequenced in plants, yeast, zebrafish, rodents, and in human cells and tissues. Relative levels of intracellular peptides undergo changes in human diseases and also when cells are stimulated, corroborating their biological function. However, only a few intracellular peptides have been pharmacologically characterized and their biological significance and mechanism of action remains elusive. Here, some historical and general aspects on intracellular peptides' biology and pharmacology are presented. Hemopressin and Pep19 are examples of intracellular peptides pharmacologically characterized as inverse agonists to cannabinoid type 1 G-protein coupled receptors (CB1R), and hemopressin fragment NFKF is shown herein to attenuate the symptoms of pilocarpine-induced epileptic seizures. Intracellular peptides EL28 (derived from proteasome 26S protease regulatory subunit 4; Rpt2), PepH (derived from Histone H2B type 1-H), and Pep5 (derived from G1/S-specific cyclin D2) are examples of peptides that function intracellularly. Intracellular peptides are suggested as biological functional molecules, and are also promising prototypes for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane B de Araujo
- Special Laboratory of Cell Cycle, Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS, Butantan Institute, São Paulo SP 05503-900, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Lilian C Russo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo 1111, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Alison Colquhoun
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Fábio L Forti
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo 1111, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Emer S Ferro
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
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7
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Café-Mendes C, Ferro E, Torrão A, Crunfli F, Rioli V, Schmitt A, Falkai P, Britto L, Turck C, Martins-de-Souza D. Peptidomic analysis of the anterior temporal lobe and corpus callosum from schizophrenia patients. J Proteomics 2017; 151:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Sakaguchi Y, Kinumi T, Takatsu A. Quantification of peptides using N-terminal isotope coding and C-terminal derivatization for sensitive analysis by micro liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2016; 51:1111-1119. [PMID: 27591418 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotope-coding coupled with mass spectrometry is a popular method for quantitative proteomics and peptide quantification. However, the efficiency of the derivatization reaction at a particular functional group, especially in complex structures, can affect accuracy. Here, we present a dual functional-group derivatization of bioactive peptides followed by micro liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). By separating the sensitivity-enhancement and isotope-coding derivatization reactions, suitable chemistries can be chosen. The peptide amino groups were reductively alkylated with acetaldehyde or acetaldehyde-d4 to afford N-alkylated products with different masses. This process is simple, quick and high-yield, and accurate comparative analysis can be achieved for the mass-differentiated peptides. Then, the carboxyl groups were derivatized with 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)piperazine to increase MS/MS sensitivity. Angiotensins I-IV, bradykinin and neurotensin were analyzed after online solid phase extraction by micro LC-MS/MS. In all instances, a greater than 17-fold increase in sensitivity was achieved, compared with the analyses of the underivatized peptides. Furthermore, the values obtained from the present method were in agreement with the result from isotope dilution quantification using isotopically labeled angiotensin I [Asp-Arg-(Val-d8 )-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-(Phe-d8 )-His-Leu]. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Sakaguchi
- Bio-medical Standards Group, Research Institute for Material and Chemical Measurement, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), C-3, 1-1-1, Umezomo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kinumi
- Bio-medical Standards Group, Research Institute for Material and Chemical Measurement, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), C-3, 1-1-1, Umezomo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563, Japan
| | - Akiko Takatsu
- Bio-medical Standards Group, Research Institute for Material and Chemical Measurement, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), C-3, 1-1-1, Umezomo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563, Japan
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Caron J, Chataigné G, Gimeno JP, Duhal N, Goossens JF, Dhulster P, Cudennec B, Ravallec R, Flahaut C. Food peptidomics ofin vitrogastrointestinal digestions of partially purified bovine hemoglobin: low-resolution versus high-resolution LC-MS/MS analyses. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1814-22. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Caron
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois; EA 7394 - ICV - Institut Charles Viollette; Lille France
| | - Gabrielle Chataigné
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois; EA 7394 - ICV - Institut Charles Viollette; Lille France
| | - Jean-Pascal Gimeno
- Laboratoire PRISM/clic imaging-U 1192 INSERM Protéomique, réponse inflammatoire et spectrométrie de masse; Université Lille 1; Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | | | | | - Pascal Dhulster
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois; EA 7394 - ICV - Institut Charles Viollette; Lille France
| | - Benoit Cudennec
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois; EA 7394 - ICV - Institut Charles Viollette; Lille France
| | - Rozenn Ravallec
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois; EA 7394 - ICV - Institut Charles Viollette; Lille France
| | - Christophe Flahaut
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois; EA 7394 - ICV - Institut Charles Viollette; Lille France
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Zamariola G, Watly J, Gallerani E, Gavioli R, Guerrini R, Kozlowski H, Remelli M. AGHLDDLPGALSAL: A hemoglobin fragment potentially competing with albumin to bind transition metal ions. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 163:301-310. [PMID: 27087285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein degradation leads to the formation of endogenous peptides, the biological activity of which is most often unknown. The peptide AGHLDDLPGALSAL, recently isolated from mouse brain homogenates, has been recognized as a fragment of the α-chain of hemoglobin. AGHLDDLPGALSAL has the ability of inhibiting the peripheral hyperalgesic inflammatory responses through the indirect activation of the μ-opioid receptors. A peculiarity of AGHLDDLPGALSAL is the presence, at its N-terminus of a strong binding site for divalent transition metal ions, similar to that characterizing the human albumin and called "ATCUN motif". The consequential metal binding ability of AGHLDDLPGALSAL can be connected to its biological activity. For this reason, we decided to investigate the coordination properties of AGHLDDLPGALSAL towards Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions, reported here for the first time. The results confirm that AGHLDDLPGALSAL is a strong ligand for those metals: it can even compete with albumin under suitable conditions. In vitro assays on the inhibition of Cu(II) toxicity towards different cell lines confirmed that the binding ability of AGHLDDLPGALSAL can imply relevant biological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zamariola
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Joanna Watly
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Eleonora Gallerani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gavioli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Henryk Kozlowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Maurizio Remelli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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Lai ZW, Petrera A, Schilling O. The emerging role of the peptidome in biomarker discovery and degradome profiling. Biol Chem 2015; 396:185-92. [PMID: 25229414 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2014-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The peptidome represents the array of endogenous peptides that are present in both the intracellular and extracellular space of the body. Peptides are constantly generated in vivo by active synthesis, and by proteolytic processing of larger precursor proteins, often yielding protein fragments that mediate a variety of physiological functions. Given that aberrant proteolysis is a hallmark of various pathological diseases, many studies have now turned to the peptidome. Differential regulation of endogenous peptides may play a role in many pathological conditions. Mass spectrometry (MS) -based investigation of peptides in a system-wide manner is currently facilitating the identification of potential biomarkers. Furthermore, peptidomic approaches have provided major contributions to the identification of protease-substrate relationships; representing one of the major challenges in understanding and therapeutically exploiting protease function in health and disease. As such, degradomic studies looking for cleavage products via peptidomics in particular, have warranted a significant research interest in recent years. Given that substantial studies are accumulating in the field of peptidomics, this review highlights recent advances of MS-based peptidomic strategies in facilitating the identification of potential peptides as novel clinical markers and protease-substrate profiling.
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-sixth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2013 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia; stress and social status; tolerance and dependence; learning and memory; eating and drinking; alcohol and drugs of abuse; sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology; mental illness and mood; seizures and neurologic disorders; electrical-related activity and neurophysiology; general activity and locomotion; gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; and immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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