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Tang Y, Yan C, Li H, Ma X, Li J, Chi X, Liu Z. Proline inhibits postharvest physiological deterioration of cassava by improving antioxidant capacity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 224:114143. [PMID: 38762153 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a crucial global tuber crop, encounters significant economic losses attributed to postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD). The PPD phenomenon in cassava is closely related to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and amino acids play a pivotal role in regulating signaling pathways and eliminating ROS. In this study, the storage performance of eight cassava varieties were conducted. Cassava cultivar SC5 showed the best storage performance among the eight cassava varieties, but the edible cassava cultivar SC9 performed much worse. Comparative analysis of free amino acids was conducted in eight cassava varieties, revealing changes in proline, aspartic acid, histidine, glutamic acid, threonine, and serine. Exogenous supplementation of these six amino acids was performed to inhibit PPD of SC9. Proline was confirmed as the key amino acid for inhibiting PPD. Treatment with optimal exogenous proline of 5 g/L resulted in a 17.9% decrease in the deterioration rate compared to untreated cassava. Accompanied by a decrease in H2O2 content and an increase in catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase activity. Proline treatment proved to be an effective approach to alleviate cell oxidative damage, inhibit PPD in cassava, and prolong shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Tang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chengliang Yan
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xue Chi
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Zhu Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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2
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Drapal M, Ovalle Rivera TM, Luna Meléndez JL, Perez-Fons L, Tran T, Dufour D, Becerra Lopez-Lavalle LA, Fraser PD. Biochemical characterisation of a cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) diversity panel for post-harvest physiological deterioration; metabolite involvement and environmental influence. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 301:154303. [PMID: 38959754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) produces edible roots, a major carbohydrate source feeding more than 800 million people in Africa, Latin America, Oceania and Asia. Post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) renders harvested cassava roots unpalatable and unmarketable. Decades of research on PPD have elucidated several genetic, enzymatic and metabolic processes involved. Breeding populations were established to enable verification of robust biomarkers for PPD resistance. For comparison, these PPD populations have been cultivated concurrently with diversity population for carotenoid (β-carotene) content. Results highlighted a significant variation of the chemotypes due to environmental factors. Less than 3% of the detected molecular features showed consistent trends between the two harvest years and were putatively identified as phenylpropanoid derived compounds (e.g. caffeoyl rutinoside). The data corroborated that ∼20 μg β-carotene/g DW can reduced the PPD response of the cassava roots to a score of ∼1. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation of β-carotene content at harvest to PPD response (R2 -0.55). However, the decrease of β-carotene over storage was not significantly correlated to initial content or PPD response. Volatile analysis observed changes of apocarotenoids derived from β-carotene, lipid oxidation products (alkanes, alcohols and carbonyls and esters) and terpenes. The majority of these volatiles (>90%) showed no significant correlation to β-carotene or PPD. Observed data indicated an increase (∼2-fold) of alkanes in varieties with β-carotene >10 μg/g DW and a decrease (∼60%) in varieties with less β-carotene. Fatty acid methyl esters with a chain length > C9 were detected solely after storage and show lower levels in varieties with higher β-carotene content. In combination with correlation values to PPD (R2 ∼0.3; P-value >0.05), the data indicated a more efficient ROS quenching mechanism in PPD resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Drapal
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | | | | | - Laura Perez-Fons
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Thierry Tran
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Dominique Dufour
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia; CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Paul D Fraser
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK.
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Kuerban G, Turak A, Begmatov NB, Zhao J, Aisa HA. Chemical Composition of Artemisia Scoparia and Their Bioactivities. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400414. [PMID: 38500337 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Three undescribed sesquiterpenes (1-3), two enantiomeric pairs of monoterpenes (4a/4b-5a/5b), one alkyne (6), two known alkynes (7-8) and eight known coumarins (9-16) were isolated from the aerial parts extracts of Artemisia scoparia. The structures of these compounds were fully elucidated by their 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS spectral data analyses, and comparison with literature. The absolute configurations of compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography (1), a comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data (2-6). 15 showed moderate inhibitory activity with the NO release in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. 9-16 showed varying degrees of promoting melanogenesis and tyrosinase activity in B16 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guziliayi Kuerban
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ablajan Turak
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, PR China
| | - Nurmirza Boymirzayevich Begmatov
- S.Yu.Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Jiangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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Lebot V, Lawac F, Muñoz-Cuervo I, Mercier PE, Legendre L. Metabolite fingerprinting of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) landraces assessed for post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD). Food Chem 2023; 421:136217. [PMID: 37121018 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Cassava landraces are impacted by post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD). 34 primary/secondary metabolites (carotenes, flavonols, indols, phenolic, hydroxycinnamic, and organic acids) were analysed using HPLC/GC-MS in 72 landraces harvested 8 months after planting (MAP) to clarify whether these compounds may play a role in PPD tolerance. Cluster analysis differentiated a first group with high organic acids contents, citric acid being dominant, a second group with landraces high in tryptophan, a third group including landraces with high phenolic and hydroxycinnamic acids content, and a fourth group characterised by 8 carotenoids. PPD tolerant and susceptible landraces were present in each group. To determine if PPD is related to age of harvest, 174 landraces were harvested at 6, 8, 10 and 12 MAP. Scopoletin, sucrose and glucose were analysed. PPD was positively correlated with DMC and negatively correlated with scopoletin at all ages of harvest. Scopoletin is a useful biomarker to characterize landraces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Lebot
- CIRAD-VARTC, P.O. Box 946, Port-Vila, Vanuatu; UMR AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
| | | | - Ismaël Muñoz-Cuervo
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d'Écologie Microbienne, Équipe 3 - Rhizosphère, CESN (Centre d'Étude des Substances Naturelles), France; UMR UCBL CNRS 5557 - INRA 1418. 16 rue Raphaël Dubois. F-69100 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Pierre-Edouard Mercier
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d'Écologie Microbienne, Équipe 3 - Rhizosphère, CESN (Centre d'Étude des Substances Naturelles), France; UMR UCBL CNRS 5557 - INRA 1418. 16 rue Raphaël Dubois. F-69100 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Laurent Legendre
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d'Écologie Microbienne, Équipe 3 - Rhizosphère, CESN (Centre d'Étude des Substances Naturelles), France; UMR UCBL CNRS 5557 - INRA 1418. 16 rue Raphaël Dubois. F-69100 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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5
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Sharapov AD, Fatykhov RF, Khalymbadzha IA, Zyryanov GV, Chupakhin ON, Tsurkan MV. Plant Coumarins with Anti-HIV Activity: Isolation and Mechanisms of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032839. [PMID: 36769163 PMCID: PMC9917851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes and systematizes the literature on the anti-HIV activity of plant coumarins with emphasis on isolation and the mechanism of their antiviral action. This review summarizes the information on the anti-HIV properties of simple coumarins as well as annulated furano- and pyranocoumarins and shows that coumarins of plant origin can act by several mechanisms: inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase and integrase, inhibition of cellular factors that regulate HIV-1 replication, and transmission of viral particles from infected macrophages to healthy ones. It is important to note that some pyranocoumarins are able to act through several mechanisms or bind to several sites, which ensures the resistance of these compounds to HIV mutations. Here we review the last two decades of research on the anti-HIV activity of naturally occurring coumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur D. Sharapov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Ramil F. Fatykhov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Igor A. Khalymbadzha
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Oleg N. Chupakhin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail V. Tsurkan
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, 01005 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Ma Q, Xu J, Feng Y, Wu X, Lu X, Zhang P. Knockdown of p-Coumaroyl Shikimate/Quinate 3′-Hydroxylase Delays the Occurrence of Post-Harvest Physiological Deterioration in Cassava Storage Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169231. [PMID: 36012496 PMCID: PMC9409078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cassava storage roots are an important source of food, feed, and material for starch-based industries in many countries. After harvest, rapid post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) reduces their palatability and marketability. During the PPD process, vascular streaking occurs through over-accumulation of coumarins, the biosynthesis of which involves the key enzyme p-coumaroyl shikimate/quinate 3′-hydroxylase (C3′H). Repression of MeC3′H expression by RNA interference in transgenic cassava plants caused a significant delay in PPD by decreasing scopoletin and scopolin accumulation in field-harvested storage roots. This study demonstrates that MeC3′H is the key enzyme participating in coumarin biosynthesis during PPD and shows that MeC3′H is a useful target gene for editing to prolong the shelf life of cassava storage roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yancai Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinlu Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence:
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7
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Qin F, Li MS, Li JJ, Wang Y, Wang K, Zhou JY, Liang D, Wang HS. Four New Sesquiterpenoids from Zanthoxylum nitidum. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200449. [PMID: 35680557 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC., is one of Guangxi's characteristic national medicines, and is the classic Laoban medicine of Yao people "Ru Shan Hu" and Zhuang medicine "Liang Bei Zhen". It has been used as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and haemostatic medicine for thousands of years. In this study, four new sesquiterpenoids (1-4), along with six previously described coumarins (5-10), were isolated from 95 % EtOH extract of Zanthoxylum nitidum. Comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (NMR and HR-ESI-MS) were used to elucidate the structures of these isolates. The absolute configurations of nitidumine A-D (1-4) were established by electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Their cytotoxicity of all the isolates against five cancer cell lines (T24, HeLa, MGC-803, A549, and HepG2) was evaluated by MTT experiment and found not to be cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Jian-Yu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Dong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
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8
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Silva LMA, Alves Filho EG, Martins RM, Oliveira WJDJ, Vidal CS, de Oliveira LA, de Brito ES. NMR-Based Metabolomic Approach for Evaluation of the Harvesting Time and Cooking Characteristics of Different Cassava Genotypes. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111651. [PMID: 35681401 PMCID: PMC9180251 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cassava is an important staple food for low-income countries. However, its cooking characteristics are especially affected by genotype. In this study, two groups of genotypes, namely hard to cook (HTC) and easy to cook (ETC), were harvested at different times (9 and 15 months), and evaluated by NMR coupled to chemometrics. Additionally, lignin of these materials was studied by 1H-13C HSQC NMR. The carbohydrates were the most important class of compounds to differentiate the cassava genotypes. The correlation of NMR with cooking time and starch content showed that the higher content of primary metabolites, mostly glucose, can be associated with longer cooking times and reduction of starch, corroborating the metabolic pathways analysis. Furthermore, it was observed that the lignin from cell walls did not differentiate the cooking performance of the genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Mara A. Silva
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita, Pici 2270, Fortaleza 60511-110, Brazil;
| | - Elenilson G. Alves Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-900, Brazil;
| | - Robson M. Martins
- Departamento de Química, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-900, Brazil; (R.M.M.); (W.J.D.J.O.); (C.S.V.)
| | - Willyane J. D. J. Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-900, Brazil; (R.M.M.); (W.J.D.J.O.); (C.S.V.)
| | - Cristine S. Vidal
- Departamento de Química, Campus do Pici, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-900, Brazil; (R.M.M.); (W.J.D.J.O.); (C.S.V.)
| | | | - Edy S. de Brito
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita, Pici 2270, Fortaleza 60511-110, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
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9
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Pompeu DR, Souza JN, Pena RS. Fast and non‐destructive determination of simultaneous physicochemical parameters of
Manihot esculenta
flour using FT‐NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darly R. Pompeu
- Department of Food Technology Centre of Natural Science and Technology Universidade do Estado do Pará Travessa Éneas Pinheiro 2626 Belém66.095‐100Brazil
- Laboratory of Starchy Sources Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology Institute of Technology Universidade Federal do Pará Belém66075‐110Brazil
| | - Jesus N.S. Souza
- Centre for Valorisation of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA) Universidade Federal do Pará Avenida Perimetral da Ciência, km 01 Belém66.095‐780Brazil
| | - Rosinelson S. Pena
- Laboratory of Starchy Sources Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology Institute of Technology Universidade Federal do Pará Belém66075‐110Brazil
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10
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Afifi NI, Moawad AS, Zaki MA, Rateb ME, Rashed MH, Saleh IG, Hetta MH, Mohammed RM. Four new phenolics and antiparasitic secondary metabolites from Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mortizi. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:3626-3637. [PMID: 33899619 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1875462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mortizi (F. rukam) leaves and bark led to the isolation and characterization of seventeen compounds of which four phenolics were not previously described; 2-[(benzoyloxy)methyl]-phenyl-O-β-xylosyl-(1→2)-β-glucopyranoside (1), 2-[(benzoyloxy)methyl]-4-hydroxyphenyl-O-β-xylosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 2-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)phenoxy-β-glucopyranoside (3) and biphenyl-1,1',2,2'-tetraol (5). Interestingly, the later compound is known as a synthetic but this is the first report for its isolation from nature. Chemical structures were established using extensive analysis of spectroscopic data (1 D and 2 D NMR and HRESIMS). Biphenyl-1,1,2,2'-tetrol (5) exhibited a good activity against Trypanosoma brucei trypomastigotes with IC50= 6.66 ug/mL. Compounds 2, 5, 9, 10, 11 and 12 showed a good in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity using proteinase inhibitory assay. On the contrary, all tested compounds were inactive as antileishmanial or antimalarial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa I Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Abeer S Moawad
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Zaki
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mostafa E Rateb
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,School of Computing, Engineering & Physical sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Mona H Hetta
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Rabab M Mohammed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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11
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Enhancing the Shelf-Life of Fresh Cassava Roots: A Field Evaluation of Simple Storage Bags. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) of fresh cassava roots limits their shelf-life to about 48 h. There is a demand for simple, cheap, and logistically feasible solutions for extending the shelf life of fresh cassava roots in industrial processes. In this study, three different types of bag materials were tested, namely woven polypropylene, tarpaulin, and jute as a potential storage solution for cassava roots with different levels of mechanical damage. Microclimate related to temperature, humidity, and carbon di-oxide (CO2) was monitored in order to understand the storage conditions for up to 12 days. The results showed that fresh cassava roots could be stored for 8 days, with minimal PPD and starch loss (2.4%). However, roots with significant mechanical damage in the form of cuts and breakages had a considerably shorter shelf life in the storage bag, compared to whole roots and roots with retained stalk (peduncle) where roots are connected to the main plant. Wetting of the roots and bag material were not significant factors in determining the shelf life and starch loss. Carbon dioxide concentration in the stores was significantly correlated with the starch loss in fresh cassava roots and is proposed as a possible method for continuously and remotely monitoring starch loss in large-scale commercial operations and reducing postharvest losses.
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12
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Wu Y, Zhang YF, Zhang HT, Ma XH, Yang NN, Feng SB, Zhong TH, Zhang YH. A new cyclopeptide alkaloid from Clematis Florida. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:1693-1699. [PMID: 32811200 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1809399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
One new 14-membered ring cyclopeptide alkaloid, plenane A (1), along with six known compounds (2-7), was isolated from the roots of Clematis florida. Their structures were elucidated by means of NMR spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometry. In addition, their anti- inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages were evaluated in vitro. The compounds 1, 2 and 6 exhibited potent indirect inhibitory effects, with IC50 values of 40.92, 22.88 and 6.32 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Medical Imaging Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Ma
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Na-Na Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Biao Feng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Hua Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, State Oceanic Administration, Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
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Shu P, Fei Y, Li J, Liu A, Zhang L, Niu H, Liu W, Wei X, Xiao F, Xu Z. Two new phenylethanoid glycosides from Ginkgo biloba leaves and their tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Carbohydr Res 2020; 494:108059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kim KY, Lee EJ, Whang WK, Park CH. In vitro and in vivo anti-aging effects of compounds isolated from Artemisia iwayomogi. J Anal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-019-0193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn Korean folk medicine, Artemisia iwayomogi has largely been employed for the improvement of diabetic complications and hepatic function as well as in the treatment of female diseases and skin whitening. Accordingly, the present study sought to assess cosmeceutical activity of Artemisia iwayomogi. Through activity-guided fractionation, scopolin (AI-1), 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-acetophenone 4-O-β-D-glucoside (AI-2), scopoletin (AI-3), kaempferol-3-O-methyl ether (AI-4) and luteolin (AI-5) were isolated from ethyl acetate and water fractions of Artemisia iwayomogi. Of them, AI-4 and AI-5 exhibited strong antioxidative and whitening effects. In addition, AI-1, AI-3, AI-4, and AI-5 demonstrated considerable anti-wrinkle performances. According to results of quantitative analysis of compounds isolated from Artemisia iwayomogi, scopolin (AI-1) is a major component of Artemisia iwayomogi. Moreover, O/W type cream made by water fraction which included scopolin showed unwrinkling effect for 8 weeks when it was applied to face in an in vivo study. Specific contributions of Artemisia iwayomogi were as follows: AI-1, 1.21 mg/g; AI-2, 0.26 mg/g; AI-3, 0.38 mg/g; AI-4, 0.01 mg/g; and AI-5, 0.04 mg/g.
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Guan L, Ma X, Zhou X, Tan B, Wang ZY. An optimized method to obtain high-quality RNA from cassava storage root. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:118. [PMID: 30854278 PMCID: PMC6399363 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracting RNA with high quality and integrity is crucial for molecular biology studies in eukaryotes. However, RNA isolation from cassava storage root raises a great concern because it contains large amounts of polysaccharides and polyphenol compounds. In the current study, four RNA extraction methods were evaluated for extracting RNA from cassava storage root. We found that the modified TM method (MTM) is timesaving and low-cost extraction method with high quality and quantities of RNA. The effectiveness of the improved method was assessed for qPCR analysis of four selected genes from total RNA of storage root. The improved protocol generated 4.18-5.94 µg RNA/g fresh weight. An A260/280 ratios of RNA samples are ranged from 2.14 to 2.17. The RIN values are ranged from 7.2 to 8.0. Importantly, isolated total RNA by MTM was successfully used for library construction and transcriptome sequencing. Therefore, we provide an efficient and low-cost method, MTM, for extracting high quality and quantities of RNA from cassava storage root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Guan
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 Hainan China
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 Hainan China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 Hainan China
| | - Bowen Tan
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 Hainan China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228 Hainan China
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Zhang Y, Huang P, He W, Sakah KJ, Ruan J, Li Z, Wang T. Bioactive constituents obtained from the fruits of Citrus aurantium. J Nat Med 2018; 73:146-153. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1255-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Chemical Constituents from the Stems of Tinospora sinensis and Their Bioactivity. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102541. [PMID: 30301176 PMCID: PMC6222598 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty-seven compounds were purified from the stems of Tinospora sinensis, including three new compounds characterized as a lignan (1), a pyrrole alkaloid (11), and a benzenoid (17), respectively. Their structures were elucidated and established by various spectroscopic and spectrometric analytical methods. Among the isolates, fifteen compounds were examined for their anti-inflammatory potential in vitro. The results showed that several compounds displayed moderate inhibition of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB)-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release.
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Bourgou S, Bettaieb Rebey I, Mkadmini K, Isoda H, Ksouri R, Ksouri WM. LC-ESI-TOF-MS and GC-MS profiling of Artemisia herba-alba and evaluation of its bioactive properties. Food Res Int 2017; 99:702-712. [PMID: 28784534 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, LC-ESI-TOF-MS and GC-EI-MS were used to assess the potential of Artemisia herba alba as a source of health-promoting constituents. Besides, the antioxidant, the antimicrobial and the cytotoxic potentials were evaluated. A total of 86 metabolites, including C-glycosylated and methylated flavones, quinic acid derivatives, coumarins, sesquiterpenes lactones, terpenoids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, organic acids and alkaloids were identified, sixty five of them were reported for the first time in A. herba alba. The main compounds were di-O-caffeoylquinic acids, artemisinic acid, menthol, α-ketoglutaric acid, scopolin, isoschaftoside and sucrose. Furthermore, results showed that A. herba alba possess high total antioxidant activity (Total antioxidant activity=423mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight), strong potential anticancer capacity against MCF-7 breast cancer and HeLa human cervical cell lines (IC50 of 15 and 70μg/ml, respectively), and moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus, B. thurigiensis and A. hydrophila. These results support the use of this plant as alternative bioactive ingredient for functional foods, dietary supplements or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Bourgou
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopolis, BP. 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Iness Bettaieb Rebey
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopolis, BP. 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Khawla Mkadmini
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopolis, BP. 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Riadh Ksouri
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopolis, BP. 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Wided Megdiche Ksouri
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopolis, BP. 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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He R, Zhang Y, Wu L, Nie H, Huang Y, Liu B, Deng S, Yang R, Huang S, Nong Z, Li J, Chen H. Benzofuran glycosides and coumarins from the bark of Streblus indicus (Bur.) Corner. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 138:170-177. [PMID: 28284566 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two pairs of rare benzofuran glucoside epimers, indicuses A and B and indicuses C and D, three biogenetically related compounds indicuses E-G, and one coumarin indicus H, as well as 11 known compounds, were isolated from the bark of Streblus indicus (Bur.) Corner. The structures of indicuses A-H were elucidated by NMR and MS data, as well as by CD. (S)-Marmesinin exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity in vitro against Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 7,8-Dihydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) coumarin, umbelliferone, and scopoletin displayed strong cytotoxic activity in vitro against human bladder carcinoma cell line EJ. The structure-activity relationships indicate that hydroxylation at C-7 in the cytotoxic compounds is crucial to their activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie He
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guilin, 541006, PR China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Liangdeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Hui Nie
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Nanning, 530022, PR China
| | - Buming Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Nanning, 530022, PR China
| | - Shengping Deng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Ruiyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Shuai Huang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zhijie Nong
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Technology and Resource Development, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
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Wang YM, Zhao JQ, Yang JL, Tao YD, Mei LJ, Shi YP. Chemical constituents from Ligularia purdomii (Turrill) Chittenden. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xiao SJ, Guo DL, Zhang MS, Chen F, Ding LS, Zhou Y. Chemical Constituents of the Aerial Parts of Schnabelia oligophylla. Chem Nat Compd 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-017-2026-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu S, Zainuddin IM, Vanderschuren H, Doughty J, Beeching JR. RNAi inhibition of feruloyl CoA 6'-hydroxylase reduces scopoletin biosynthesis and post-harvest physiological deterioration in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) storage roots. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 94:185-195. [PMID: 28315989 PMCID: PMC5437147 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-017-0602-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a major world crop, whose storage roots provide food for over 800 million throughout the humid tropics. Despite many advantages as a crop, the development of cassava is seriously constrained by the rapid post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) of its roots that occurs within 24-72 h of harvest, rendering the roots unpalatable and unmarketable. PPD limits cassava's marketing possibilities in countries that are undergoing increased development and urbanisation due to growing distances between farms and consumers. The inevitable wounding of the roots caused by harvesting triggers an oxidative burst that spreads throughout the cassava root, together with the accumulation of secondary metabolites including phenolic compounds, of which the coumarin scopoletin (7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) is the most abundant. Scopoletin oxidation yields a blue-black colour, which suggests its involvement in the discoloration observed during PPD. Feruloyl CoA 6'-hydroxylase is a controlling enzyme in the biosynthesis of scopoletin. The cassava genome contains a seven membered family of feruloyl CoA 6'-hydroxylase genes, four of which are expressed in the storage root and, of these, three were capable of functionally complementing Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutants in this gene. A RNA interference construct, designed to a highly conserved region of these genes, was used to transform cassava, where it significantly reduced feruloyl CoA 6'-hydroxylase gene expression, scopoletin accumulation and PPD symptom development. Collectively, our results provide evidence that scopoletin plays a major functional role in the development of PPD symptoms, rather than merely paralleling symptom development in the cassava storage root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Liu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Ima M Zainuddin
- Department of Biology, Plant Biotechnology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Complex CSC-LIPI Jl. Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Herve Vanderschuren
- Department of Biology, Plant Biotechnology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- Plant Genetics, AgroBioChem Department, Gembloux Agro-BioTech, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - James Doughty
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - John R Beeching
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
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Qin Y, Djabou ASM, An F, Li K, Li Z, Yang L, Wang X, Chen S. Proteomic analysis of injured storage roots in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) under postharvest physiological deterioration. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174238. [PMID: 28339481 PMCID: PMC5365129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) is a global challenge in the improvement of cassava value chain. However, how to reduce cassava spoilage and reveal the mechanism of injured cassava storage roots in response to PPD were poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the activities of antioxidant enzymes of cassava injured storage roots in PPD-susceptible (SC9) and PPD-tolerant (QZ1) genotypes at the time-points from 0h to 120h, and further analyzed their proteomic changes using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) in combination with MALDI-TOF-MS/MS. Ninety-nine differentially expressed proteins were identified from SC9 and QZ1 genotypes in the pairwise comparison of 24h/0h, 48h/0h, 72h/0h and 96h/0h. Of those proteins were associated with 13 biological functions, in which carbohydrate and energy metabolism related proteins were the biggest amount differential proteins in both genotypes, followed by chaperones, DNA and RNA metabolism, and defense system. We speculated that SOD in combination with CAT activities would be the first line of defense against PPD to support PPD-tolerant cassava varieties. The four hub proteins including CPN60B, LOS2, HSC70-1 and CPN20B, produced from the network of protein-protein interaction, will be the candidate key proteins linked with PPD. This study provides a new clue to improve cassava PPD-tolerant varieties and would be helpful to much better understand the molecular mechanism of PPD of cassava injured storage roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Danzhou, China
| | - Astride Stéphanie Mouafi Djabou
- Laboratory of plant physiology, Department of Biological Science, Higher Teachers´ Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Feifei An
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Danzhou, China
| | - Kaimian Li
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Danzhou, China
| | - Zhaogui Li
- Agricultural Bureau of Wuming County, Wuming, China
| | - Long Yang
- Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guizhou Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingyi, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songbi Chen
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Danzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Nguyen TP, Minh NP, Dat TB, Le TD, Tran Nguyen MA, Pham TNT, Tri DM. Limonoid from the rhizomes of Luvunga scandens (Roxb.) Buch. Ham. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2281-2285. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1303690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tan Phat Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nhat Phan Minh
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Trong Bui Dat
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Tien Dung Le
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | | | - Dinh Mai Tri
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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Chiou CT, Shen CC, Tsai TH, Chen YJ, Lin LC. Meroterpenoids and Chalcone-Lignoids from the Roots of Mimosa diplotricha. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2439-2445. [PMID: 27715048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Six new meroterpenoids, diplomeroterpenoids A-F (1-6), two new chalcone-lignoids, diplochalcolins A and B (7, 8), and 13 known compounds were isolated from the root extract of Mimosa diplotricha. Diplomeroterpenoids A-F consist of a 4H-chromen-4-one and a diterpenoid unit, and their absolute configurations were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 1-3 and 5 showed potent inhibitory activity on protein farnesyl transferase, with IC50 values from 5.0 to 8.5 μM. Compound 1 showed antiproliferative activity against human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells with a GI50 value of approximately 8.6 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tang Chiou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Shen
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Center of Biomedical Development, and Laboratory of Cancer Therapeutics, MacKay Memorial Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lie-Chwen Lin
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
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Al-Barham MB, Al-Jaber HI, Al-Qudah MA, Abu Zarga MH. New aristolochic acid and other chemical constituents of Aristolochia maurorum growing wild in Jordan. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:245-252. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1226833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed B. Al-Barham
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hala I. Al-Jaber
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, Department of Physics and Basic Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A. Al-Qudah
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Musa H. Abu Zarga
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Uarrota VG, Nunes EDC, Peruch LAM, Neubert EDO, Coelho B, Moresco R, Domínguez MG, Sánchez T, Meléndez JLL, Dufour D, Ceballos H, Becerra Lopez‐Lavalle LA, Hershey C, Rocha M, Maraschin M. Toward better understanding of postharvest deterioration: biochemical changes in stored cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots. Food Sci Nutr 2016; 4:409-22. [PMID: 27247771 PMCID: PMC4867761 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Food losses can occur during production, postharvest, and processing stages in the supply chain. With the onset of worldwide food shortages, interest in reducing postharvest losses in cassava has been increasing. In this research, the main goal was to evaluate biochemical changes and identify the metabolites involved in the deterioration of cassava roots. We found that high levels of ascorbic acid (AsA), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), dry matter, and proteins are correlated with overall lower rates of deterioration. On the other hand, soluble sugars such as glucose and fructose, as well as organic acids, mainly, succinic acid, seem to be upregulated during storage and may play a role in the deterioration of cassava roots. Cultivar Branco (BRA) was most resilient to postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD), while Oriental (ORI) was the most susceptible. Our findings suggest that PPO, AsA, and proteins may play a distinct role in PPD delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgílio Gavicho Uarrota
- Plant Science CenterPlant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry LaboratoryPostgraduate Program in Plant Genetic ResourcesFederal University of Santa CatarinaRodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346CEP 88.034‐001FlorianópolisSCBrazil
| | - Eduardo da Costa Nunes
- Santa Catarina State Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Agency (EPAGRI)Experimental Station of Urussanga (EEUR)Rd. SC 446Km 19 S/NUrussangaFlorianópolisSCCEP 88840‐000Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Martins Peruch
- Santa Catarina State Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Agency (EPAGRI)Experimental Station of Urussanga (EEUR)Rd. SC 446Km 19 S/NUrussangaFlorianópolisSCCEP 88840‐000Brazil
| | - Enilto de Oliveira Neubert
- Santa Catarina State Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Agency (EPAGRI)Experimental Station of Urussanga (EEUR)Rd. SC 446Km 19 S/NUrussangaFlorianópolisSCCEP 88840‐000Brazil
| | - Bianca Coelho
- Plant Science CenterPlant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry LaboratoryPostgraduate Program in Plant Genetic ResourcesFederal University of Santa CatarinaRodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346CEP 88.034‐001FlorianópolisSCBrazil
| | - Rodolfo Moresco
- Plant Science CenterPlant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry LaboratoryPostgraduate Program in Plant Genetic ResourcesFederal University of Santa CatarinaRodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346CEP 88.034‐001FlorianópolisSCBrazil
| | | | - Teresa Sánchez
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)Apartado Aéreo 6713CaliColombia
| | | | - Dominique Dufour
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)Apartado Aéreo 6713CaliColombia
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD)UMR Qualisud73 Rue Jean‐Francois BretonTAB‐95/1634398Montpellier Cedex 5France
| | - Hernan Ceballos
- Santa Catarina State Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Agency (EPAGRI)Experimental Station of Urussanga (EEUR)Rd. SC 446Km 19 S/NUrussangaFlorianópolisSCCEP 88840‐000Brazil
| | | | - Clair Hershey
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)Apartado Aéreo 6713CaliColombia
| | - Miguel Rocha
- Centre of Biological EngineeringUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar4710‐057BragaPortugal
| | - Marcelo Maraschin
- Plant Science CenterPlant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry LaboratoryPostgraduate Program in Plant Genetic ResourcesFederal University of Santa CatarinaRodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346CEP 88.034‐001FlorianópolisSCBrazil
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Participatory appraisal of preferred traits, production constraints and postharvest challenges for cassava farmers in Rwanda. Food Secur 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-016-0556-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim MA, Yang H, Kim MJ, Chun W, Kwon Y. A New Stereoisomeric Monoterpene Glycoside fromClematis heracleifolialeaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2016.22.2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University 200-701, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Heejung Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University 200-701, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Myong Jo Kim
- College of Agriculture and Life Science 200-701, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- College of Medicine, Kangwon National University 200-701, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yongsoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University 200-701, Chuncheon, Korea
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Tor YS, Yazan LS, Foo JB, Wibowo A, Ismail N, Cheah YK, Abdullah R, Ismail M, Ismail IS, Yeap SK. Induction of Apoptosis in MCF-7 Cells via Oxidative Stress Generation, Mitochondria-Dependent and Caspase-Independent Pathway by Ethyl Acetate Extract of Dillenia suffruticosa and Its Chemical Profile. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127441. [PMID: 26047480 PMCID: PMC4457850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dillenia suffruticosa, which is locally known as Simpoh air, has been traditionally used to treat cancerous growth. The ethyl acetate extract of D. suffruticosa (EADs) has been shown to induce apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells in our previous study. The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in EADs-induced apoptosis and to identify the major compounds in the extract. EADs was found to promote oxidative stress in MCF-7 cells that led to cell death because the pre-treatment with antioxidants α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of the extract (P<0.05). DCFH-DA assay revealed that treatment with EADs attenuated the generation of intracellular ROS. Apoptosis induced by EADs was not inhibited by the use of caspase-inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, suggesting that the cell death is caspase-independent. The use of JC-1 dye reflected that EADs caused disruption in the mitochondrial membrane potential. The related molecular pathways involved in EADs-induced apoptosis were determined by GeXP multiplex system and Western blot analysis. EADs is postulated to induce cell cycle arrest that is p53- and p21-dependent based on the upregulated expression of p53 and p21 (P<0.05). The expression of Bax was upregulated with downregulation of Bcl-2 following treatment with EADs. The elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential suggest that EADs-induced apoptosis is mitochondria-dependent. The expression of oxidative stress-related AKT, p-AKT, ERK, and p-ERK was downregulated with upregulation of JNK and p-JNK. The data indicate that induction of oxidative-stress related apoptosis by EADs was mediated by inhibition of AKT and ERK, and activation of JNK. The isolation of compounds in EADs was carried out using column chromatography and elucidated using the nuclear resonance magnetic analysis producing a total of six compounds including 3-epimaslinic acid, kaempferol, kaempferide, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was determined using MTT assay. Gallic acid was found to be most cytotoxic against MCF-7 cell line compared to others, with IC50 of 36 ± 1.7 μg/mL (P<0.05). In summary, EADs generated oxidative stress, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by regulating numerous genes and proteins that are involved in the apoptotic signal transduction pathway. Therefore, EADs has the potential to be developed as an anti-cancer agent against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Sim Tor
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Latifah Saiful Yazan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Agustono Wibowo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norsharina Ismail
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maznah Ismail
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Uchechukwu-Agua AD, Caleb OJ, Opara UL. Postharvest Handling and Storage of Fresh Cassava Root and Products: a Review. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-015-1478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rungsimakan S, Rowan MG. Terpenoids, flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives from Salvia viridis L. cvar. Blue Jeans. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 108:177-188. [PMID: 25256822 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Three diterpenoids, 1-oxomicrostegiol (1), viroxocin (2), viridoquinone (3), were isolated from the roots of Salvia viridis L. cvar. Blue Jeans. Five known diterpenoids, microstegiol (4), 7α-acetoxy-14-hydroxy-8,13-abietadiene-11,12-dione (5; 7-O-acetylhorminone tautomer), 7α,14-dihydroxy-8,13-abietadiene-11,12-dione (6; horminone tautomer), ferruginol and salvinolonyl 12-methyl ether (7) were also found in the roots together with 1-docosyl ferulate (8), and a mixture of 2-(4'-alkoxyphenyl) ethyl alkanoates (9). Two lupane triterpenoids, 2α-acetoxy-lup-20(29)-en-3β-ol (10), and 3β-acetoxy-lup-20(29)-en-2α-ol (11) were found in the aerial parts together with known compounds, lup-20(29)-ene-2α,3β-diol (12), ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol glucoside. A known phenylpropanoid, trans-verbascoside (or acteoside; 13), was the main constituent in the polar fraction of the aerial part, and it is now reported in the genus Salvia for the first time. Other polyphenolic compounds were cis-verbascoside (14), leucosceptoside A (15), martynoside (16), caffeic acid, 6-O-caffeoyl-glucose (18), rosmarinic acid, salidroside, luteolin-7-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-galactopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-β-galactopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside, and apigenin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside. The structures were determined by 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS techniques. Compounds 6, 10, ferruginol, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid exhibited antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 775) with MIC 50 μM, 25 μM, 50 μM, 12.5 μM, 12.5 μM respectively. Ferruginol, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were also active against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6571), and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 2599) with MIC 12.5-50 μM. 4 was also active against S.aureus (ATCC 6571) with MIC 50 μM. These values are consistent with previous studies on the antimicrobial activity of Salvia diterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael G Rowan
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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Ezuruike UF, Prieto JM. The use of plants in the traditional management of diabetes in Nigeria: pharmacological and toxicological considerations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:857-924. [PMID: 24929108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The prevalence of diabetes is on a steady increase worldwide and it is now identified as one of the main threats to human health in the 21st century. In Nigeria, the use of herbal medicine alone or alongside prescription drugs for its management is quite common. We hereby carry out a review of medicinal plants traditionally used for diabetes management in Nigeria. Based on the available evidence on the species׳ pharmacology and safety, we highlight ways in which their therapeutic potential can be properly harnessed for possible integration into the country׳s healthcare system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnobotanical information was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus up to 2013 for publications on medicinal plants used in diabetes management, in which the place of use and/or sample collection was identified as Nigeria. 'Diabetes' and 'Nigeria' were used as keywords for the primary searches; and then 'Plant name - accepted or synonyms', 'Constituents', 'Drug interaction' and/or 'Toxicity' for the secondary searches. RESULTS The hypoglycemic effect of over a hundred out of the 115 plants reviewed in this paper is backed by preclinical experimental evidence, either in vivo or in vitro. One-third of the plants have been studied for their mechanism of action, while isolation of the bioactive constituent(s) has been accomplished for twenty three plants. Some plants showed specific organ toxicity, mostly nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic, with direct effects on the levels of some liver function enzymes. Twenty eight plants have been identified as in vitro modulators of P-glycoprotein and/or one or more of the cytochrome P450 enzymes, while eleven plants altered the levels of phase 2 metabolic enzymes, chiefly glutathione, with the potential to alter the pharmacokinetics of co-administered drugs. CONCLUSION This review, therefore, provides a useful resource to enable a thorough assessment of the profile of plants used in diabetes management so as to ensure a more rational use. By anticipating potential toxicities or possible herb-drug interactions, significant risks which would otherwise represent a burden on the country׳s healthcare system can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udoamaka F Ezuruike
- Center for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AX London, United Kingdom.
| | - Jose M Prieto
- Center for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AX London, United Kingdom.
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Viana LÁ, Düsman E, Vicentini VEP. Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of liquid waste, press water and pond water, produced in the cassava flour industry, and of antitoxic sodium thiosulfate. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:453-458. [PMID: 23775422 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a plant used as food and an ingredient in industry, contains cyanogenic glycosides. The cassava root contains wastewater, popularly known as manipueira, which is a toxic substance. Its ingestion by animals causes poisoning although they react positively to treatment with sodium thiosulfate. The present research evaluates the cytotoxicity and the mutagenicity of liquid waste produced in the process of industrialization of the bitter cassava, olho-junto variety. The liquid wastes are characterized as press water, which is obtained when the cassava roots are pressed; pond water, which is press water stored in impounded ponds; and a solution of sodium thiosulfate, pure and with other waste. RESULTS The system tests comprised root meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. and bone marrow cells of Rattus norvegicus. Treatment with saline solution was cytotoxic for Allium cepa L. and significantly reduced cell division rate. Although no treatment was cytotoxic in any of the tests with rats, the thiosulfate solution was clastogenic for the chromosomal aberrations test. CONCLUSION Since it is harmful to the genetic material submitted within the conditions of current research, sodium thiosulfate should only be used in emergency conditions in which the benefits exceed the risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Ávila Viana
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, Bloco H67 (11), Jardim Universitário, CEP: 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Chemical Constituents from the Stems and Preliminary Antinociceptive Activity of Sabicea grisea var. grisea. Chem Nat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-014-0834-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yang Kuo LM, Zhang LJ, Huang HT, Lin ZH, Liaw CC, Cheng HL, Lee KH, Morris-Natschke SL, Kuo YH, Ho HO. Antioxidant lignans and chromone glycosides from Eurya japonica. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:580-587. [PMID: 23540981 DOI: 10.1021/np3007638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Four new 8,8',7,2'-lignans, (+)-ovafolinin B-9'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (-)-ovafolinin B-9'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), (+)-ovafolinin E-9'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), and (-)-ovafolinin E-9'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), two neolignans, eusiderin N (5) and (7S,8R)-3,5,5'-trimethoxy-4',7-epoxy-8,3'-neolignan-9,9'-diol-4-O-β-d-xylopyranoside (6), and two new chromone glycosides, 5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (7) and 5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one-3-O-β-d-xylopyranoside (8), together with 25 known compounds, were isolated from the stems of Eurya japonica. Structural elucidation of compounds 1-8 was established by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR techniques, electronic circular dichroism data, and comparison with reported data. The isolates were evaluated for antioxidant and anti-NO production activities. Compounds 1, 2, 12-20, and 29 (ED50 23.40 μM for 1) demonstrated potent antioxidant activity compared to the positive control α-tocopherol (ED50 27.21 μM). On the other hand, compounds 1, 2, 7-9, 12-20, and 32 showed only weak anti-NO production activity when compared to the positive control quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Yang Kuo
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Bourjot M, Delang L, Nguyen VH, Neyts J, Guéritte F, Leyssen P, Litaudon M. Prostratin and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate are potent and selective inhibitors of Chikungunya virus replication. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:2183-7. [PMID: 23215460 DOI: 10.1021/np300637t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A chemical study of the Vietnamese plant species Trigonostemon howii led to the isolation of a new tigliane-type diterpenoid, trigowiin A (1), along with several known coumarins and phenylpropanoids. The planar structure and the relative configuration of compound 1 were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis, including 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments, mass spectrometry, and comparison with literature data. Trigowiin A (1) exhibited moderate antiviral activity in a virus-cell-based assay for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Since the structure of compound 1 is closely related to those of well-known tigliane diterpenoids such as prostratin (2), phorbol (3), 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) (4), and 4α-TPA (5), the antiviral activity of the latter compounds was also evaluated against CHIKV, as well as in virus-cell-based assays of two additional members of the genus Alphavirus (Sindbis virus, SINV, and Semliki forest virus, SFV). Whereas prostratin inhibited CHIKV replication with a moderate EC(50) of 2.6 μM and a selectivity index (SI) approximating 30, compound 4 proved to be an extremely potent inhibitor, with an EC(50) of ∼3 nM and a SI near 2000. Interestingly, no or very little activity was observed on the replication of SINV and SFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bourjot
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), CNRS, Labex LERMIT, 1, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
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Liu Y, Kubo M, Fukuyama Y. Spirocyclic nortriterpenoids with NGF-potentiating activity from the fruits of Leonurus heterophyllus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1353-1358. [PMID: 22703163 DOI: 10.1021/np300287f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Four new spirocyclic nortriterpenoids, leonurusoleanolide A (1), leonurusoleanolide B (2), leonurusoleanolide C (3), and leonurusoleanolide D (4), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the fruits of Leonurus heterophyllus. Compounds 1 and 2, and compounds 3 and 4, were found to exist as equilibrium mixtures of trans and cis isomers. Mixtures of 1 and 2, and 3 and 4, significantly enhanced the neurite outgrowth of nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells at concentrations ranging from 1 to 30 μM. Compound 8 was also found to have a neurite outgrowth-promoting effect at concentrations of 1 and 10 μM. The structure-activity relationship of these compounds is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Liu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University , Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
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Attioua B, Yeo D, Lagnika L, Harisolo R, Antheaume C, Weniger B, Kaiser M, Lobstein A, Vonthron-Sénécheau C. In vitro antileishmanial, antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of a new ventiloquinone and five known triterpenes from Parinari excelsa. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:801-806. [PMID: 22472023 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.633270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Parinari excelsa Sabine (Chrysobalanaceae) is an indigenous tree from West and Eastern Africa. This tree is used in Ivory Coast as an antimalaria remedy. OBJECTIVE The in vitro antiplasmodial and antileishmanial activities of the stem bark, the leaf and the major compounds from the stem bark were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The leaves and stem bark from P. excelsa were separately collected, air-dried and powdered. Two extracts (methylene chloride and methanol) were realized for both powders. Every extract was tested for its antiplasmodial and antileishmanial activities. Only the stem bark crude extracts were fractionated by column chromatography and their major components were analyzed by NMR, HRESIMS and IR methods. The compounds were tested for their antiplasmodial and antileishmanial activities. RESULTS The comparison of the IC(50) values of the crude extracts were in this order: 3.41 (IC(50) of PeBMc) <4.10 (IC(50) of PeBMc) <4.42 (IC(50) of PeLMe) against P. falciparum and 5.19 (IC(50) of PeBMc) <12.32 (IC(50) of PeBMe) <19.33 (IC(50) of PeLMc) <32.37 (IC(50) of PeLMe) against L. donovani. The stem bark crude extracts were the most active against both parasites. Their fractionation leaded to a new ventiloquinone, five triterpenes and one chlorogenic acid. All these compounds were isolated for the first time from P. excelsa. High activities were observed with (3β)-3-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (IC(50) = 8.2 µM) and 3β-hydroxyolean-5,12-dien-28-oic acid (IC(50) = 7.7 µM) against L. donovani. With the antiplasmodial activity, the best activity was observed with 16β-hydroxylupane-1,20(29)-dien-3-one (IC(50) = 28.3 µM). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that the constituents of P. excelsa stem bark have in vitro antiplasmodial and antileishmanial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barthélemy Attioua
- UFR Sciences des Structures de la Matière et Technologie, Université de Cocody-Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, Switzerland
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Inhibitory activity of coumarins from Artemisia capillaris against advanced glycation endproduct formation. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:1021-35. [PMID: 22870812 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Since glycation can lead to the onset of diabetic complications due to chronic hyperglycemia, several indigenous Artemisia species were evaluated as potential inhibitors of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE). Among them, the Artemisia capillaris plant demonstrated the highest AGE inhibitory activity. Repeated column chromatography was performed to isolate a new acylated flavonoid glycoside, acacetin-7-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, along with 11 known flavonoids (acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, linarin, quercetin, hyperoside, isorhamnetin, isorhamnetin 3-galactoside, isorhamnetin 3-glucoside, isorhamnetin 3-arabinoside, isorhamnetin 3-robinobioside, arcapillin, and cirsilineol), six coumarins (umbelliferone, esculetin, scopoletin, scopolin, isoscopolin, and scoparone), and two phenolic derivatives (4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and chlorogenic acid). In determining the structure-activity relationship (SAR), it was found that the presence and position of hydroxyl group of test coumarins (coumarin, esculin, isoscopoletin, daphnetin, 4-methylcoumarin, and six isolated coumarins) may play a crucial role in AGE inhibition. A free hydroxyl group at C-7 and a glucosyl group instead of a methoxyl group at C-6 are two important parameters for the inhibitory potential of coumarins on AGE formation. A. capillaris and five key AGE inhibitors, including 4,5-di-Ocaffeoylquinic acid, umbelliferone, esculetin, esculin, and scopoletin, were identified as potential candidates for use as therapeutic or preventive agents for diabetic complications and oxidative stress-related diseases. We understand this to be the first detailed study on the SAR of coumarins in AGE inhibition.
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Xiong L, Zhu M, Zhu C, Lin S, Yang Y, Shi J. Structure and bioassay of triterpenoids and steroids isolated from Sinocalamus affinis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1160-1166. [PMID: 22690646 DOI: 10.1021/np300259s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Five triterpenoids with a new 25-norfern carbon skeleton (1-5), a lupane triterpenoid (6), and four 20-hydroxyprogesterone acyl esters (7-10), together with 23 known compounds, were isolated from the stem (with skin removed) of Sinocalamus affinis. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis using anomalous scattering of Cu Kα radiation. Compounds 1-5 exhibited inhibitory activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Jung HA, Islam MN, Kwon YS, Jin SE, Son YK, Park JJ, Sohn HS, Choi JS. Extraction and identification of three major aldose reductase inhibitors from Artemisia montana. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:376-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Um YR, Lee JI, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Yea SS, Seo YW. Chemical Constituents of the Halophyte Glehnia littoralis. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2010.54.6.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Blagbrough IS, Bayoumi SAL, Rowan MG, Beeching JR. Cassava: an appraisal of its phytochemistry and its biotechnological prospects. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:1940-51. [PMID: 20943239 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The present state of knowledge of the phytochemistry of small molecules isolated from the roots and leaves of cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae), is reviewed. Cassava roots are an important source of dietary and industrial carbohydrates, mainly eaten as a source of starch, forming the staple food to over 500 million; additionally, the roots have value as a raw material for industrial starch production and for animal feed giving the crop high economic value, but it suffers markedly from post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD). The hydroxycoumarins scopoletin and its glucoside scopolin as well as trace quantities of esculetin and its glucoside esculin are identified from cassava roots during PPD. The biotechnological prospects for cassava are also reviewed including a critical appraisal of transgenic approaches for crop improvement, together with its use for bioethanol production, due to cassava's efficient ability to fix carbon dioxide into carbohydrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S Blagbrough
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibition with natural products: novel chemotypes and inhibition mechanisms. Mol Divers 2010; 15:305-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-010-9271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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