1
|
Xie Y, Miao T, Lyu S, Huang Y, Shu M, Li S, Xiong T. Arabidopsis ERD15 regulated by BBX24 plays a positive role in UV-B signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 343:112077. [PMID: 38552846 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-315 nm) is a minor component of solar radiation, but it has a major regulatory impact on plant growth and development. Solar UV-B regulates numerous aspects of plant metabolism, morphology and physiology through altering the expression of hundreds of genes. EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 15 (ERD15) is a drought-induced rapid response gene, formerly known as a negative regulator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. It is unclear whether ERD15 is involved in UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis. Previously, we reported that the BBX24 transcriptional factor negatively regulated UV-B signaling. In the present study, we identified that ERD15 is involved in UV-B photomorphogenesis as a positive regulator at phenotypic, physiological and molecular levels. Our results indicated that ERD15 expression is suppressed by UV-B, inhibited the elongation of Arabidopsis hypocotyls in a UV-B-dependent manner, promoted the expression of related UV-B signaling genes and increased the total antioxidant capacity of Arabidopsis under UV-B. Genetic hybridization results show that ERD15 acts downstream of BBX24, and BBX24 protein mediated the expression of ERD15 by binding to its promoter. Thus, ERD15 is a novel positive regulator of the UV-B signaling pathway, which is downstream of BBX24 and regulated by BBX24 protein to participate in UV-B photomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Tingting Miao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Suihua Lyu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yuewei Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Man Shu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Tiantian Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guan Q, Kong W, Tan B, Zhu W, Akter T, Li J, Tian J, Chen S. Multiomics unravels potential molecular switches in the C 3 to CAM transition of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. J Proteomics 2024; 299:105145. [PMID: 38431086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (common ice plant), a facultative CAM plant, shifts from C3 to CAM photosynthesis under salt stress, enhancing water use efficiency. Here we used transcriptomics, proteomics, and targeted metabolomics to profile molecular changes during the diel cycle of C3 to CAM transition. The results confirmed expected changes associated with CAM photosynthesis, starch biosynthesis and degradation, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Importantly, they yielded new discoveries: 1) Transcripts displayed greater circadian regulation than proteins. 2) Oxidative phosphorylation and inositol methylation may play important roles in initiating the transition. 3) V-type H+-ATPases showed consistent transcriptional regulation, aiding in vacuolar malate uptake. 4) A protein phosphatase 2C, a major component in the ABA signaling pathway, may trigger the C3 to CAM transition. Our work highlights the potential molecular switches in the C3 to CAM transition, including the potential role of ABA signaling. SIGNIFICANCE: The common ice plant is a model facultative CAM plant, and under stress conditions it can shift from C3 to CAM photosynthesis within a three-day period. However, knowledge about the molecular changes during the transition and the molecular switches enabling the transition is lacking. Multi-omic analyses not only revealed the molecular changes during the transition, but also highlighted the importance of ABA signaling, inositol methylation, V-type H+-ATPase in initiating the shift. The findings may explain physiological changes and nocturnal stomatal opening, and inform future synthetic biology effort in improving crop water use efficiency and stress resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Guan
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Wenwen Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Bowen Tan
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Tahmina Akter
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Jing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingkui Tian
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Díez AR, Szakonyi D, Lozano-Juste J, Duque P. Alternative splicing as a driver of natural variation in abscisic acid response. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38659400 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a crucial player in plant responses to the environment. It accumulates under stress, activating downstream signaling to implement molecular responses that restore homeostasis. Natural variance in ABA sensitivity remains barely understood, and the ABA pathway has been mainly studied at the transcriptional level, despite evidence that posttranscriptional regulation, namely, via alternative splicing, contributes to plant stress tolerance. Here, we identified the Arabidopsis accession Kn-0 as less sensitive to ABA than the reference Col-0, as shown by reduced effects of the hormone on seedling establishment, root branching, and stomatal closure, as well as by decreased induction of ABA marker genes. An in-depth comparative transcriptome analysis of the ABA response in the two variants revealed lower expression changes and fewer genes affected for the least ABA-sensitive ecotype. Notably, Kn-0 exhibited reduced levels of the ABA-signaling SnRK2 protein kinases and lower basal expression of ABA-reactivation genes, consistent with our finding that Kn-0 contains less endogenous ABA than Col-0. ABA also markedly affected alternative splicing, primarily intron retention, with Kn-0 being less responsive regarding both the number and magnitude of alternative splicing events, particularly exon skipping. We find that alternative splicing introduces a more ecotype-specific layer of ABA regulation and identify ABA-responsive splicing changes in key ABA pathway regulators that provide a functional and mechanistic link to the differential sensitivity of the two ecotypes. Our results offer new insight into the natural variation of ABA responses and corroborate a key role for alternative splicing in implementing ABA-mediated stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba R Díez
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dóra Szakonyi
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Jorge Lozano-Juste
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Duque
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Barratt LJ, Franco Ortega S, Harper AL. Identification of candidate regulators of the response to early heat stress in climate-adapted wheat landraces via transcriptomic and co-expression network analyses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1252885. [PMID: 38235195 PMCID: PMC10791870 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1252885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Climate change is likely to lead to not only increased global temperatures but also a more variable climate where unseasonal periods of heat stress are more prevalent. This has been evidenced by the observation of spring-time temperatures approaching 40°C in some of the main spring-wheat producing countries, such as the USA, in recent years. With an optimum growth temperature of around 20°C, wheat is particularly prone to damage by heat stress. A warming climate with increasingly common fluctuations in temperature therefore threatens wheat crops and subsequently the lives and livelihoods of billions of people who depend on the crop for food. To futureproof wheat against a variable climate, a better understanding of the response to early heat stress is required. Methods Here, we utilised DESeq2 to identify 7,827 genes which were differentially expressed in wheat landraces after early heat stress exposure. Candidate hub genes, which may regulate the transcriptional response to early heat stress, were identified via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and validated by qRT-PCR. Results Two of the most promising candidate hub genes (TraesCS3B02G409300 and TraesCS1B02G384900) may downregulate the expression of genes involved in the drought, salinity, and cold responses-genes which are unlikely to be required under heat stress-as well as photosynthesis genes and stress hormone signalling repressors, respectively. We also suggest a role for a poorly characterised sHSP hub gene (TraesCS4D02G212300), as an activator of the heat stress response, potentially inducing the expression of a vast suite of heat shock proteins and transcription factors known to play key roles in the heat stress response. Discussion The present work represents an exploratory examination of the heat-induced transcriptional change in wheat landrace seedlings and identifies several candidate hub genes which may act as regulators of this response and, thus, may be targets for breeders in the production of thermotolerant wheat varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea L. Harper
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products (CNAP), Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang K, Wen S, Shang L, Li Y, Li Z, Chen W, Li Y, Jian H, Lyu D. Rapid Identification of High-Temperature Responsive Genes Using Large-Scale Yeast Functional Screening System in Potato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3712. [PMID: 37960068 PMCID: PMC10650283 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As the third largest global food crop, potato plays an important role in ensuring food security. However, it is particularly sensitive to high temperatures, which seriously inhibits its growth and development, thereby reducing yield and quality and severely limiting its planting area. Therefore, rapid, and high-throughput screening for high-temperature response genes is highly significant for analyzing potato high-temperature tolerance molecular mechanisms and cultivating new high-temperature-tolerant potato varieties. We screened genes that respond to high temperature by constructing a potato cDNA yeast library. After high-temperature treatment at 39 °C, the yeast library was subjected to high-throughput sequencing, and a total of 1931 heat resistance candidate genes were screened. Through GO and KEGG analysis, we found they were mainly enriched in "photosynthesis" and "response to stimuli" pathways. Subsequently, 12 randomly selected genes were validated under high temperature, drought, and salt stress using qRT-PCR. All genes were responsive to high temperature, and most were also induced by drought and salt stress. Among them, five genes ectopically expressed in yeast enhance yeast's tolerance to high temperatures. We provide numerous candidate genes for potato response to high temperature stress, laying the foundation for subsequent analysis of the molecular mechanism of potato response to high temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shiqi Wen
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lina Shang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ziyan Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Weixi Chen
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yong Li
- Agriculture College, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, China
| | - Hongju Jian
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dianqiu Lyu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing 400715, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Li X, Xie X, Liu L, Fu J, Wang Q. Maize transcription factor ZmNAC2 enhances osmotic stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 282:153948. [PMID: 36812721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic stress seriously limits crop yield and quality. Among plant-specific transcription factors families, the NAC family of transcription factors is extensively involved in various growth, development and stress responses. Here we identified a maize NAC family transcription factor ZmNAC2 with inducible gene expression in response to osmotic stress. The subcellular localization showed that it was localized in the nucleus and overexpression of ZmNAC2 in Arabidopsis significantly promoted seed germination and elevated cotyledon greening under osmotic stress. ZmNAC2 also enhanced stomatal closure and decreased water loss in transgenic Arabidopsis. Overexpression of ZmNAC2 activated ROS scavenging and the transgenic lines accumulated less MDA and developed more lateral roots with drought or mannitol treatment. Further RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis showed that ZmNAC2 up-regulated a number of genes related to osmotic stress resistance, as well as plant hormone signaling genes. All together, ZmNAC2 enhances osmotic stress tolerance by regulating multiple physiological processes and molecular mechanisms, and exhibits potential as the target gene in crop breeding to increase osmotic stress resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xinglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jingye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Wang J, Li Y, Zhang Z, Yang L, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li C, Li L, Reynolds MP, Jing R, Wang C, Mao X. Wheat TaSnRK2.10 phosphorylates TaERD15 and TaENO1 and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1344-1364. [PMID: 36417260 PMCID: PMC9922405 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is particularly susceptible to water deficit at the jointing stage of its development. Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) acts as a signaling hub in the response to drought stress, but whether SnRK2 helps plants cope with water deficit via other mechanisms is largely unknown. Here, we cloned and characterized TaSnRK2.10, which was induced by multiple abiotic stresses and phytohormones. Ectopic expression of TaSnRK2.10 in rice (Oryza sativa) conferred drought tolerance, manifested by multiple improved physiological indices, including increased water content, cell membrane stability, and survival rates, as well as decreased water loss and accumulation of H2O2 and malonaldehyde. TaSnRK2.10 interacted with and phosphorylated early responsive to dehydration 15 (TaERD15) and enolase 1 (TaENO1) in vivo and in vitro. TaERD15 phosphorylated by TaSnRK2.10 was prone to degradation by the 26S proteasome, thereby mitigating its negative effects on drought tolerance. Phosphorylation of TaENO1 by TaSnRK2.10 may account for the substantially increased levels of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), a key metabolite of primary and secondary metabolism, in TaSnRK2.10-overexpressing rice, thereby enhancing its viability under drought stress. Our results demonstrate that TaSnRK2.10 not only regulated stomatal aperture and the expression of drought-responsive genes, but also enhanced PEP supply and promoted the degradation of TaERD15, all of which enhanced drought tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Lili Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Min Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Chaonan Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | | | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Host plant physiological transformation and microbial population heterogeneity as important determinants of the Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae-plant interactions. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 148-149:33-41. [PMID: 36621443 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pectobacterium and Dickeya species belonging to the Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP) are one of the most devastating phytopathogens. They degrade plant tissues by producing an arsenal of plant cell wall degrading enzymes. However, SRP-plant interactions are not restricted to the production of these "brute force" weapons. Additionally, these bacteria apply stealth behavior related to (1) manipulation of the host plant via induction of susceptible responses and (2) formation of heterogeneous populations with functionally specialized cells. Our review aims to summarize current knowledge on SRP-induced plant susceptible responses and on the heterogeneity of SRP populations. The review shows that SRP are capable of adjusting the host's hormonal balance, inducing host-mediated plant cell wall modification, promoting iron assimilation by the host, stimulating the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and host cell death, and activating the synthesis of secondary metabolites that are ineffective in limiting disease progression. By this means, SRP facilitate host plant susceptibility. During host colonization, SRP populations produce various functionally specialized cells adapted for enhanced virulence, increased resistance, motility, vegetative growth, or colonization of the vascular system. This enables SRP to perform self-contradictory tasks, which benefits a population's overall fitness in various environments, including host plants. Such stealthy tactical actions facilitate plant-SRP interactions and disease progression.
Collapse
|
9
|
Duan H, Fu Q, Lv H, Gao A, Chen X, Yang Q, Wang Y, Li W, Fu F, Yu H. Genome-Wide Characterization and Function Analysis of ZmERD15 Genes' Response to Saline Stress in Zea mays L. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415721. [PMID: 36555363 PMCID: PMC9779859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early responsive dehydration (ERD) genes can be rapidly induced by dehydration. ERD15 genes have been confirmed to regulate various stress responses in plants. However, the maize ERD15 members have not been characterized. In the present study, a total of five ZmERD15 genes were identified from the maize genome and named ZmERD15a, ZmERD15b, ZmERD15c, ZmERD15d, and ZmERD15e. Subsequently, their protein properties, gene structure and duplication, chromosomal location, cis-acting elements, subcellular localization, expression pattern, and over-expression in yeast were analyzed. The results showed that the ZmERD15 proteins were characterized by a similar size (113-159 aa) and contained a common domain structure, with PAM2 and adjacent PAE1 motifs followed by an acidic region. The ZmERD15 proteins exhibited a close phylogenetic relationship with OsERD15s from rice. Five ZmERD15 genes were distributed on maize chromosomes 2, 6, 7, and 9 and showed a different exon-intron organization and were expanded by duplication. Besides, the promoter region of the ZmERD15s contained abundant cis-acting elements that are known to be responsive to stress and hormones. Subcellular localization showed that ZmERD15b and ZmERD15c were localized in the nucleus. ZmERD15a and ZmERD15e were localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. ZmERD15d was localized in the nucleus and cell membrane. The results of the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that the expression of the ZmERD15 genes was regulated by PEG, salinity, and ABA. The heterologous expression of ZmERD15a, ZmERD15b, ZmERD15c, and ZmERD15d significantly enhanced salt tolerance in yeast. In summary, a comprehensive analysis of ZmERD15s was conducted in the study. The results will provide insights into further dissecting the biological function and molecular mechanism of ZmERD15s regulating of the stress response in maize.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang T, Zhang X. Genome-wide dynamic network analysis reveals the potential genes for MeJA-induced growth-to-defense transition. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:450. [PMID: 34615468 PMCID: PMC8493714 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), which has been identified as a lipid-derived stress hormone, mediates plant resistance to biotic/abiotic stress. Understanding MeJA-induced plant defense provides insight into how they responding to environmental stimuli. RESULT In this work, the dynamic network analysis method was used to quantitatively identify the tipping point of growth-to-defense transition and detect the associated genes. As a result, 146 genes were detected as dynamic network biomarker (DNB) members and the critical defense transition was identified based on dense time-series RNA-seq data of MeJA-treated Arabidopsis thaliana. The GO functional analysis showed that these DNB genes were significantly enriched in defense terms. The network analysis between DNB genes and differentially expressed genes showed that the hub genes including SYP121, SYP122, WRKY33 and MPK11 play a vital role in plant growth-to-defense transition. CONCLUSIONS Based on the dynamic network analysis of MeJA-induced plant resistance, we provide an important guideline for understanding the growth-to-defense transition of plants' response to environment stimuli. This study also provides a database with the key genes of plant defense induced by MeJA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430074, Wuhan, China.
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gorshkov V, Tsers I. Plant susceptible responses: the underestimated side of plant-pathogen interactions. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:45-66. [PMID: 34435443 PMCID: PMC9291929 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant susceptibility to pathogens is usually considered from the perspective of the loss of resistance. However, susceptibility cannot be equated with plant passivity since active host cooperation may be required for the pathogen to propagate and cause disease. This cooperation consists of the induction of reactions called susceptible responses that transform a plant from an autonomous biological unit into a component of a pathosystem. Induced susceptibility is scarcely discussed in the literature (at least compared to induced resistance) although this phenomenon has a fundamental impact on plant-pathogen interactions and disease progression. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on plant susceptible responses and their regulation. We highlight two main categories of susceptible responses according to their consequences and indicate the relevance of susceptible response-related studies to agricultural practice. We hope that this review will generate interest in this underestimated aspect of plant-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, 420111, Russia.,Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Ivan Tsers
- Laboratory of Plant Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jin T, Sun Y, Shan Z, He J, Wang N, Gai J, Li Y. Natural variation in the promoter of GsERD15B affects salt tolerance in soybean. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:1155-1169. [PMID: 33368860 PMCID: PMC8196659 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress has detrimental effects on crop growth and yield, and the area of salt-affected land is increasing. Soybean is a major source of vegetable protein, oil and feed, but considered as a salt-sensitive crop. Cultivated soybean (Glycine max) is domesticated from wild soybean (G. soja) but lost considerable amount of genetic diversity during the artificial selection. Therefore, it is important to exploit the gene pool of wild soybean. In this study, we identified 34 salt-tolerant accessions from wild soybean germplasm and found that a 7-bp insertion/deletion (InDel) in the promoter of GsERD15B (early responsive to dehydration 15B) significantly affects the salt tolerance of soybean. GsERD15B encodes a protein with transcriptional activation function and contains a PAM2 domain to mediate its interaction with poly(A)-binding (PAB) proteins. The 7-bp deletion in GsERD15B promoter enhanced the salt tolerance of soybean, with increased up-regulation of GsERD15B, two GmPAB genes, the known stress-related genes including GmABI1, GmABI2, GmbZIP1, GmP5CS, GmCAT4, GmPIP1:6, GmMYB84 and GmSOS1 in response to salt stress. We propose that natural variation in GsERD15B promoter affects soybean salt tolerance, and overexpression of GsERD15B enhanced salt tolerance probably by increasing the expression levels of genes related to ABA-signalling, proline content, catalase peroxidase, dehydration response and cation transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNational Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yangyang Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNational Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhong Shan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNational Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jianbo He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNational Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ning Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNational Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Junyi Gai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNational Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNational Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tsers I, Gorshkov V, Gogoleva N, Parfirova O, Petrova O, Gogolev Y. Plant Soft Rot Development and Regulation from the Viewpoint of Transcriptomic Profiling. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091176. [PMID: 32927917 PMCID: PMC7570247 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft rot caused by Pectobacterium species is a devastating plant disease poorly characterized in terms of host plant responses. In this study, changes in the transcriptome of tobacco plants after infection with Pectobacterium atrosepticum (Pba) were analyzed using RNA-Seq. To draw a comprehensive and nontrivially itemized picture of physiological events in Pba-infected plants and to reveal novel potential molecular "players" in plant-Pba interactions, an original functional gene classification was performed. The classifications present in various databases were merged, enriched by "missed" genes, and divided into subcategories. Particular changes in plant cell wall-related processes, perturbations in hormonal and other regulatory systems, and alterations in primary, secondary, and redox metabolism were elucidated in terms of gene expression. Special attention was paid to the prediction of transcription factors (TFs) involved in the disease's development. Herewith, gene expression was analyzed within the predicted TF regulons assembled at the whole-genome level based on the presence of particular cis-regulatory elements (CREs) in gene promoters. Several TFs, whose regulons were enriched by differentially expressed genes, were considered to be potential master regulators of Pba-induced plant responses. Differential regulation of genes belonging to a particular multigene family and encoding cognate proteins was explained by the presence/absence of the particular CRE in gene promoters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Tsers
- Laboratory of plant infectious diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Laboratory of plant infectious diseases, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia;
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (N.G.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Natalia Gogoleva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (N.G.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (Y.G.)
| | - Olga Parfirova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (N.G.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (Y.G.)
| | - Olga Petrova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (N.G.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuri Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (N.G.); (O.P.); (O.P.); (Y.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sperotto RA, de Araújo Junior AT, Adamski JM, Cargnelutti D, Ricachenevsky FK, de Oliveira BHN, da Cruz RP, Dos Santos RP, da Silva LP, Fett JP. Deep RNAseq indicates protective mechanisms of cold-tolerant indica rice plants during early vegetative stage. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:347-375. [PMID: 29151156 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cold-tolerance in rice may be related to increased cellulose deposition in the cell wall, membrane fatty acids unsaturation and differential expression of several newly identified genes. Low temperature exposure during early vegetative stages limits rice plant's growth and development. Most genes previously related to cold tolerance in rice are from the japonica subspecies. To help clarify the mechanisms that regulate cold tolerance in young indica rice plants, comparative transcriptome analysis of 6 h cold-treated (10 °C) leaves from two genotypes, cold-tolerant (CT) and cold-sensitive (CS), was performed. Differentially expressed genes were identified: 831 and 357 sequences more expressed in the tolerant and in the sensitive genotype, respectively. The genes with higher expression in the CT genotype were used in systems biology analyses to identify protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and nodes (proteins) that are hubs and bottlenecks in the PPI. From the genes more expressed in the tolerant plants, 60% were reported as affected by cold in previous transcriptome experiments and 27% are located within QTLs related to cold tolerance during the vegetative stage. Novel cold-responsive genes were identified. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the high-quality of RNAseq libraries. Several genes related to cell wall assembly or reinforcement are cold-induced or constitutively highly expressed in the tolerant genotype. Cold-tolerant plants have increased cellulose deposition under cold. Genes related to lipid metabolism are more expressed in the tolerant genotype, which has higher membrane fatty acids unsaturation, with increasing levels of linoleic acid under cold. The CT genotype seems to have higher photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant capacity, as well as more effective ethylene, Ca2+ and hormone signaling than the CS. These genes could be useful in future biotechnological approaches aiming to increase cold tolerance in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raul Antonio Sperotto
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGBiotec), Universidade do Vale do Taquari-UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Janete Mariza Adamski
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Denise Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ben-Hur Neves de Oliveira
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Pereira da Cruz
- Departamento de Plantas de Lavoura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Pires Dos Santos
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leila Picolli da Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Janette Palma Fett
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yu D, Zhang L, Zhao K, Niu R, Zhai H, Zhang J. VaERD15, a Transcription Factor Gene Associated with Cold-Tolerance in Chinese Wild Vitis amurensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:297. [PMID: 28326090 PMCID: PMC5339311 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Early responsive to dehydration (ERD) genes can be rapidly induced to counteract abiotic stresses, such as drought, low temperatures or high salinities. Here, we report on an ERD gene (VaERD15) related to cold tolerance from Chinese wild Vitis amurensis accession 'Heilongjiang seedling'. The full-length VaERD15 cDNA is 685 bp, including a 66 bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), a 196 bp 3'-UTR region and a 423 bp open reading frame encoding 140 amino acids. The VaERD15 protein shares a high amino acid sequence similarity with ERD15 of Arabidopsis thaliana. In our study, VaERD15 was shown to have a nucleic localization function and a transcriptional activation function. Semi-quantitative PCR and Western blot analyses showed that VaERD15 was constitutively expressed in young leaves, stems and roots of V. amurensis accession 'Heilongjiang seedling' plants, and expression levels increased after low-temperature treatment. We also generated a transgenic Arabidopsis Col-0 line that over-expressed VaERD15 and carried out a cold-treatment assay. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses showed that as the duration of cold treatment increased, the expression of both gene and protein levels increased continuously in the transgenic plants, while almost no expression was detected in the wild type Arabidopsis. Moreover, the plants that over-expressed VaERD15 showed higher cold tolerance and accumulation of proline, soluble sugars, proteins, malondialdehyde and three antioxidases (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase). Lower levels of relative ion leakage also occurred under cold stress. Taken together, our results indicate that the transcription factor VaERD15 was induced by cold stress and was able to enhance cold tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Yu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Ruxuan Niu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Huan Zhai
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Jianxia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Saeed B, Khurana P. Transcription activation activity of ERD15 protein from Morus indica. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 111:174-178. [PMID: 27940268 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Early Responsive to Dehydration (ERD) genes are described as rapid response mediators of dehydration stress. Recently, ERD15 has emerged as a novel stress induced transcription factor which might be involved in mediating distinct stress responses in plants. In order to determine whether mulberry ERD15 can act as functional transcription factor, yeast-based assays were performed. Mulberry ERD15 was found to drive high level reporter gene expression in yeast which suggests it may function as a transcription factor. However, due to lack of an identifiable DNA binding domain, deletion analysis was carried out to determine the putative region of the protein involved in mediating protein-DNA interaction. Our results indicate that the region between 70 and 100 amino acids is critical in conferring transcription activation activity and might harbor the DNA binding region of ERD15.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Saeed
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liang Y, Gao Y, Jones AM. Extra Large G-Protein Interactome Reveals Multiple Stress Response Function and Partner-Dependent XLG Subcellular Localization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1015. [PMID: 28659958 PMCID: PMC5469152 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The three-member family of Arabidopsis extra-large G proteins (XLG1-3) defines the prototype of an atypical Gα subunit in the heterotrimeric G protein complex. Recent evidence indicate that XLG subunits operate along with its Gβγ dimer in root morphology, stress responsiveness, and cytokinin induced development, however downstream targets of activated XLG proteins in the stress pathways are rarely known. To assemble a set of candidate XLG-targeted proteins, a yeast two-hybrid complementation-based screen was performed using XLG protein baits to query interactions between XLG and partner protein found in glucose-treated seedlings, roots, and Arabidopsis cells in culture. Seventy two interactors were identified and >60% of a test set displayed in vivo interaction with XLG proteins. Gene co-expression analysis shows that >70% of the interactors are positively correlated with the corresponding XLG partners. Gene Ontology enrichment for all the candidates indicates stress responses and posits a molecular mechanism involving a specific set of transcription factor partners to XLG. Genes encoding two of these transcription factors, SZF1 and 2, require XLG proteins for full NaCl-induced expression. The subcellular localization of the XLG proteins in the nucleus, endosome, and plasma membrane is dependent on the specific interacting partner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F UniversityXianyang, China
- Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Yajun Gao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F UniversityXianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yajun Gao
| | - Alan M. Jones
- Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, United States
- Alan M. Jones
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiménez-López D, Bravo J, Guzmán P. Evolutionary history exposes radical diversification among classes of interaction partners of the MLLE domain of plant poly(A)-binding proteins. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:195. [PMID: 26377114 PMCID: PMC4574140 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0475-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins that have important functions in the regulation of translation and the control of mRNA stability in eukaryotes. Most PABPs encode a C-terminal domain known as the MLLE domain (previously PABC or CTC), which can mediate protein interactions. In earlier work we identified and predicted that four classes of MLLE-interacting proteins were present in Arabidopsis thaliana, which we named CID A, B, C, and D. These proteins encode transcription-activating domains (CID A), the Lsm and LsmAD domains of ataxin-2 (CID B), the CUE and small MutS-related domains (CID C), and two RNA recognition domains (CID D). We recently found that a novel class that lacks the LsmAD domain is present in CID B proteins. Results We extended our analysis to other classes of CIDs present in the viridiplantae. We found that novel variants also evolved in classes CID A and CID C. A specific transcription factor domain is present in a distinct lineage in class A, and a variant that lacks at least two distinct domains was also identified in a divergent lineage in class C. We did not detect any variants in Class D CIDs. This class often consists of four to six highly conserved RNA-binding proteins, which suggests that major redundancy is present in this class. Conclusions CIDs are likely to operate as components of posttranscriptional regulatory assemblies. The evident diversification of CIDs may be neutral or may be important for plant adaptation to the environment and for acquisition of specific traits during evolution. The fact that CIDs subclasses are maintained in early lineages suggest that a presumed interference between duplicates was resolved, and a defined function for each subclass was achieved. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0475-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domingo Jiménez-López
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Irapuato, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Gto., 36821, Mexico
| | - Jaime Bravo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Irapuato, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Gto., 36821, Mexico.,Present address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Plinio Guzmán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Irapuato, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Gto., 36821, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Farrant JM, Cooper K, Hilgart A, Abdalla KO, Bentley J, Thomson JA, Dace HJW, Peton N, Mundree SG, Rafudeen MS. A molecular physiological review of vegetative desiccation tolerance in the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscosa (Baker). PLANTA 2015; 242:407-26. [PMID: 25998524 PMCID: PMC4498234 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Provides a first comprehensive review of integrated physiological and molecular aspects of desiccation tolerance Xerophyta viscosa. A synopsis of biotechnological studies being undertaken to improve drought tolerance in maize is given. Xerophyta viscosa (Baker) is a monocotyledonous resurrection plant from the family Vellociacea that occurs in summer-rainfall areas of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. It inhabits rocky terrain in exposed grasslands and frequently experiences periods of water deficit. Being a resurrection plant it tolerates the loss of 95% of total cellular water, regaining full metabolic competency within 3 days of rehydration. In this paper, we review some of the molecular and physiological adaptations that occur during various stages of dehydration of X. viscosa, these being functionally grouped into early and late responses, which might be relevant to the attainment of desiccation tolerance. During early drying (to 55% RWC) photosynthesis is shut down, there is increased presence and activity of housekeeping antioxidants and a redirection of metabolism to the increased formation of sucrose and raffinose family oligosaccharides. Other metabolic shifts suggest water replacement in vacuoles proposed to facilitate mechanical stabilization. Some regulatory processes observed include increased presence of a linker histone H1 variant, a Type 2C protein phosphatase, a calmodulin- and an ERD15-like protein. During the late stages of drying (to 10% RWC) there was increased expression of several proteins involved in signal transduction, and retroelements speculated to be instrumental in gene silencing. There was induction of antioxidants not typically found in desiccation-sensitive systems, classical stress-associated proteins (HSP and LEAs), proteins involved in structural stabilization and those associated with changes in various metabolite pools during drying. Metabolites accumulated in this stage are proposed, inter alia, to facilitate subcellular stabilization by vitrification process which can include glass- and ionic liquid formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Farrant
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Miguel A, de Vega-Bartol J, Marum L, Chaves I, Santo T, Leitão J, Varela MC, Miguel CM. Characterization of the cork oak transcriptome dynamics during acorn development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:158. [PMID: 26109289 PMCID: PMC4479327 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) has a natural distribution across western Mediterranean regions and is a keystone forest tree species in these ecosystems. The fruiting phase is especially critical for its regeneration but the molecular mechanisms underlying the biochemical and physiological changes during cork oak acorn development are poorly understood. In this study, the transcriptome of the cork oak acorn, including the seed, was characterized in five stages of development, from early development to acorn maturation, to identify the dominant processes in each stage and reveal transcripts with important functions in gene expression regulation and response to water. RESULTS A total of 80,357 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were de novo assembled from RNA-Seq libraries representative of the several acorn developmental stages. Approximately 7.6 % of the total number of transcripts present in Q. suber transcriptome was identified as acorn specific. The analysis of expression profiles during development returned 2,285 differentially expressed (DE) transcripts, which were clustered into six groups. The stage of development corresponding to the mature acorn exhibited an expression profile markedly different from other stages. Approximately 22 % of the DE transcripts putatively code for transcription factors (TF) or transcriptional regulators, and were found almost equally distributed among the several expression profile clusters, highlighting their major roles in controlling the whole developmental process. On the other hand, carbohydrate metabolism, the biological pathway most represented during acorn development, was especially prevalent in mid to late stages as evidenced by enrichment analysis. We further show that genes related to response to water, water deprivation and transport were mostly represented during the early (S2) and the last stage (S8) of acorn development, when tolerance to water desiccation is possibly critical for acorn viability. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge this work represents the first report of acorn development transcriptomics in oaks. The obtained results provide novel insights into the developmental biology of cork oak acorns, highlighting transcripts putatively involved in the regulation of the gene expression program and in specific processes likely essential for adaptation. It is expected that this knowledge can be transferred to other oak species of great ecological value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Miguel
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - José de Vega-Bartol
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
- The Genome Analysis Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
| | - Liliana Marum
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
- KLÓN, Innovative Technologies from Cloning, Biocant Park, Núcleo 4, Lote 4A, 3060-197, Cantanhede, Portugal.
| | - Inês Chaves
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Tatiana Santo
- Laboratory of Genomics and Genetic Improvement, BioFIG, FCT, Universidade do Algarve, E.8, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8300, Portugal.
| | - José Leitão
- Laboratory of Genomics and Genetic Improvement, BioFIG, FCT, Universidade do Algarve, E.8, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8300, Portugal.
| | - Maria Carolina Varela
- INIAV- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, IP, Quinta do, Marquês, Oeiras, 2780-159, Portugal.
| | - Célia M Miguel
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Browning KS, Bailey-Serres J. Mechanism of cytoplasmic mRNA translation. THE ARABIDOPSIS BOOK 2015; 13:e0176. [PMID: 26019692 PMCID: PMC4441251 DOI: 10.1199/tab.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein synthesis is a fundamental process in gene expression that depends upon the abundance and accessibility of the mRNA transcript as well as the activity of many protein and RNA-protein complexes. Here we focus on the intricate mechanics of mRNA translation in the cytoplasm of higher plants. This chapter includes an inventory of the plant translational apparatus and a detailed review of the translational processes of initiation, elongation, and termination. The majority of mechanistic studies of cytoplasmic translation have been carried out in yeast and mammalian systems. The factors and mechanisms of translation are for the most part conserved across eukaryotes; however, some distinctions are known to exist in plants. A comprehensive understanding of the complex translational apparatus and its regulation in plants is warranted, as the modulation of protein production is critical to development, environmental plasticity and biomass yield in diverse ecosystems and agricultural settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen S. Browning
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX 78712-0165
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences and Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521 USA
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vargas L, Santa Brígida AB, Mota Filho JP, de Carvalho TG, Rojas CA, Vaneechoutte D, Van Bel M, Farrinelli L, Ferreira PCG, Vandepoele K, Hemerly AS. Drought tolerance conferred to sugarcane by association with Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus: a transcriptomic view of hormone pathways. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114744. [PMID: 25489849 PMCID: PMC4260876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane interacts with particular types of beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria that provide fixed-nitrogen and plant growth hormones to host plants, promoting an increase in plant biomass. Other benefits, as enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses have been reported to some diazotrophs. Here we aim to study the effects of the association between the diazotroph Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAL5 and sugarcane cv. SP70-1143 during water depletion by characterizing differential transcriptome profiles of sugarcane. RNA-seq libraries were generated from roots and shoots of sugarcane plants free of endophytes that were inoculated with G. diazotrophicus and subjected to water depletion for 3 days. A sugarcane reference transcriptome was constructed and used for the identification of differentially expressed transcripts. The differential profile of non-inoculated SP70-1143 suggests that it responds to water deficit stress by the activation of drought-responsive markers and hormone pathways, as ABA and Ethylene. qRT-PCR revealed that root samples had higher levels of G. diazotrophicus 3 days after water deficit, compared to roots of inoculated plants watered normally. With prolonged drought only inoculated plants survived, indicating that SP70-1143 plants colonized with G. diazotrophicus become more tolerant to drought stress than non-inoculated plants. Strengthening this hypothesis, several gene expression responses to drought were inactivated or regulated in an opposite manner, especially in roots, when plants were colonized by the bacteria. The data suggests that colonized roots would not be suffering from stress in the same way as non-inoculated plants. On the other hand, shoots specifically activate ABA-dependent signaling genes, which could act as key elements in the drought resistance conferred by G. diazotrophicus to SP70-1143. This work reports for the first time the involvement of G. diazotrophicus in the promotion of drought-tolerance to sugarcane cv. SP70-1143, and it describes the initial molecular events that may trigger the increased drought tolerance in the host plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Vargas
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ailton B. Santa Brígida
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José P. Mota Filho
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thais G. de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristian A. Rojas
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
| | - Dries Vaneechoutte
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Michiel Van Bel
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Paulo C. G. Ferreira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Klaas Vandepoele
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Adriana S. Hemerly
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Carsjens C, Nguyen Ngoc Q, Guzy J, Knutzen F, Meier IC, Müller M, Finkeldey R, Leuschner C, Polle A. Intra-specific variations in expression of stress-related genes in beech progenies are stronger than drought-induced responses. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 34:1348-61. [PMID: 25430883 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly decreasing water availability as a consequence of climate change is likely to endanger the range of long-lived tree species. A pressing question is, therefore, whether adaptation to drought exists in important temperate tree species like European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), a wide-spread, dominant forest tree in Central Europe. Here, five beech stands were selected along a precipitation gradient from moist to dry conditions. Neutral genetic markers revealed strong variation within and little differentiation between the populations. Natural regeneration from these stands was transferred to a common garden and used to investigate the expression of genes for abscisic acid (ABA)-related drought signaling [9-cis-epoxy-dioxygenase (NCED), protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), early responsive to dehydration (ERD)] and stress protection [ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), glutamine amidotransferase (GAT)] that are involved in drought acclimation. We hypothesized that progenies from dry sites exhibit constitutively higher expression levels of ABA- and stress-related genes and are less drought responsive than progenies from moist sites. Transcript levels and stress responses (leaf area loss, membrane integrity) of well-irrigated and drought-stressed plants were measured during the early, mid- and late growing season. Principal component (PC) analysis ordered the beech progenies according to the mean annual precipitation at tree origin by the transcript levels of SOD, ALDH, GAT and ERD as major loadings along PC1. PC2 separated moist and drought treatments with PP2C levels as important loading. These results suggest that phosphatase-mediated signaling is flexibly acclimated to the current requirements, whereas stress compensatory measures exhibited genotypic variation, apparently underlying climate selection. In contrast to expectation, the drought responses were less pronounced than the progeny-related differences and the transcript levels were constitutively lower in beeches from dry than from moist sites. These results imply that beeches from dry origins may have evolved mechanisms to avoid oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Carsjens
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Quynh Nguyen Ngoc
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Guzy
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Knutzen
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ina Christin Meier
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Müller
- Forstgenetik und Forstpflanzenzüchtung, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Finkeldey
- Forstgenetik und Forstpflanzenzüchtung, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Leuschner
- Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Garcia AV, Charrier A, Schikora A, Bigeard J, Pateyron S, de Tauzia-Moreau ML, Evrard A, Mithöfer A, Martin-Magniette ML, Virlogeux-Payant I, Hirt H. Salmonella enterica flagellin is recognized via FLS2 and activates PAMP-triggered immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana. MOLECULAR PLANT 2014; 7:657-74. [PMID: 24198231 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sst145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Infections with Salmonella enterica belong to the most prominent causes of food poisoning and infected fruits and vegetables represent important vectors for salmonellosis. Recent evidence indicates that plants recognize S. enterica and raise defense responses. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms controlling the interaction of S. enterica with plants are still largely unclear. Here, we show that flagellin from S. enterica represents a prominent pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) in Arabidopsis thaliana, which induces PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) via the recognition of the flg22 domain by the receptor kinase FLS2. The Arabidopsis fls2 mutant shows reduced though not abolished PTI activation, indicating that plants rely also on recognition of other S. enterica PAMPs. Interestingly, the S. enterica type III secretion system (T3SS) mutant prgH- induced stronger defense gene expression than wild-type bacteria in Arabidopsis, suggesting that T3SS effectors are involved in defense suppression. Furthermore, we observe that S. enterica strains show variation in the flg22 epitope, which results in proteins with reduced PTI-inducing activity. Altogether, these results show that S. enterica activates PTI in Arabidopsis and suggest that, in order to accomplish plant colonization, S. enterica evolved strategies to avoid or suppress PTI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Victoria Garcia
- Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale (URGV), UMR INRA/CNRS/Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, 91057 Evry, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Davidsson PR, Kariola T, Niemi O, Palva ET. Pathogenicity of and plant immunity to soft rot pectobacteria. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:191. [PMID: 23781227 PMCID: PMC3678301 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soft rot pectobacteria are broad host range enterobacterial pathogens that cause disease on a variety of plant species including the major crop potato. Pectobacteria are aggressive necrotrophs that harbor a large arsenal of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes as their primary virulence determinants. These enzymes together with additional virulence factors are employed to macerate the host tissue and promote host cell death to provide nutrients for the pathogens. In contrast to (hemi)biotrophs such as Pseudomonas, type III secretion systems (T3SS) and T3 effectors do not appear central to pathogenesis of pectobacteria. Indeed, recent genomic analysis of several Pectobacterium species including the emerging pathogen Pectobacterium wasabiae has shown that many strains lack the entire T3SS as well as the T3 effectors. Instead, this analysis has indicated the presence of novel virulence determinants. Resistance to broad host range pectobacteria is complex and does not appear to involve single resistance genes. Instead, activation of plant innate immunity systems including both SA (salicylic acid) and JA (jasmonic acid)/ET (ethylene)-mediated defenses appears to play a central role in attenuation of Pectobacterium virulence. These defenses are triggered by detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or recognition of modified-self such as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and result in enhancement of basal immunity (PAMP/DAMP-triggered immunity or pattern-triggered immunity, PTI). In particular plant cell wall fragments released by the action of the degradative enzymes secreted by pectobacteria are major players in enhanced immunity toward these pathogens. Most notably bacterial pectin-degrading enzymes release oligogalacturonide (OG) fragments recognized as DAMPs activating innate immune responses. Recent progress in understanding OG recognition and signaling allows novel genetic screens for OG-insensitive mutants and will provide new insights into plant defense strategies against necrotrophs such as pectobacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarja Kariola
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of HelsinkiHelsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Niemi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of HelsinkiHelsinki, Finland
| | - E. T. Palva
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biosciences, University of HelsinkiHelsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|