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Zhang J, Song K, Jin F, Jia F, Liang J, Wang F, Zhang J. A novel strategy of artificially regulating plant rhizosphere microbial community to promote plant tolerance to cold stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175184. [PMID: 39089386 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Artificial regulation of plant rhizosphere microbial communities through the synthesis of microbial communities is one of the effective ways to improve plant stress resistance. However, the process of synthesizing stress resistant microbial communities with excellent performance is complex, time-consuming, and costly. To address this issue, we proposed a novel strategy for preparing functional microbial communities. We isolated a cultivable cold tolerant bacterial community (PRCBC) from the rhizosphere of peas, and studied its effectiveness in assisting rice to resist stress. The results indicate that PRCBC can not only improve the ability of rice to resist cold stress, but also promote the increase of rice yield after cold stress relieved. This is partly because PRCBC increases the nitrogen content in the rhizosphere soil, and promotes rice's absorption of nitrogen elements, thereby promoting rice growth and enhancing its ability to resist osmotic stress. More importantly, the application of PRCBC drives the succession of rice rhizosphere microbial communities, and promotes the succession of rice rhizosphere microbial communities towards stress resistance. Surprisingly, PRCBC drives the succession of rice rhizosphere microbial communities towards a composition similar to PRCBC. This provides a feasible novel method for artificially and directionally driving microbial succession. In summary, we not only proposed a novel and efficient strategy for preparing stress resistant microbial communities to promote plant stress resistance, but also unexpectedly discovered a possible directionally driving method for soil microbial community succession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Keji Song
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Fengyuan Jin
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Fang Jia
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Liang
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Fudong Wang
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jiejing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Peng Q, Zheng H, Xu H, Cheng S, Yu C, Wu J, Meng K, Xie G. Response of soil fungi to textile dye contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 359:124577. [PMID: 39032546 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the impact of textile dye contamination on the structure of soil fungal communities near a Shaoxing textile dye factory. We quantified the concentrations of various textile dyes, including anthraquinone azodye and phthalocyanine, which ranged from 20.20 to 140.62 mg kg^-1, 102.01-698.12 mg kg^-1, and 7.78-42.65 mg kg^-1, respectively, within a 1000 m radius of the factory. Our findings indicate that as dye concentration increases, the biodiversity of soil fungi, as measured by the Chao1 index, decreases significantly, highlighting the profound influence of dye contamination on fungal community structure. Additionally, microbial correlation network analysis revealed a reduction in fungal interactions correlating with increased dye concentrations. We also observed that textile dyes suppressed carbon and nitrogen metabolism in fungi while elevating the transcription levels of antioxidant-related genes. Enzymes such as lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), laccase (Lac), dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs), and versatile peroxidase (VP) were upregulated in contaminated soils, underscoring the critical role of fungi in dye degradation. These insights contribute to the foundational knowledge required for developing in situ bioremediation technologies for contaminated farmlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Chinese CRW (branch center), School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Road, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Chinese CRW (branch center), School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Road, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Hangxi Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Chinese CRW (branch center), School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Road, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Shuangqi Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Chinese CRW (branch center), School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Road, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Chaohua Yu
- Shaoxing Testing Institute of Food and Drug, National Center for Quality Inspection and Testing of Chinese Rice Wine, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jianjiang Wu
- Shaoxing Testing Institute of Quality and Technical Supervision, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Kai Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Chinese CRW (branch center), School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Road, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Guangfa Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology8and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
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Shao X, Zhang Z, Yang F, Yu Y, Guo J, Li J, Xu T, Pan X. Chilling stress response in tobacco seedlings: insights from transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome analyses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1390993. [PMID: 38872895 PMCID: PMC11170286 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1390993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an important industrial crop, which is sensitive to chilling stress. Tobacco seedlings that have been subjected to chilling stress readily flower early, which seriously affects the yield and quality of their leaves. Currently, there has been progress in elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which tobacco responds to chilling stress. However, little is known about the phosphorylation that is mediated by chilling. In this study, the transcriptome, proteome and phosphoproteome were analyzed to elucidate the mechanisms of the responses of tobacco shoot and root to chilling stress (4 °C for 24 h). A total of 6,113 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 153 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 345 differential phosphopeptides were identified in the shoot, and the corresponding numbers in the root were 6,394, 212 and 404, respectively. This study showed that the tobacco seedlings to 24 h of chilling stress primarily responded to this phenomenon by altering their levels of phosphopeptide abundance. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed that starch and sucrose metabolism and endocytosis were the common pathways in the shoot and root at these levels. In addition, the differential phosphopeptide corresponding proteins were also significantly enriched in the pathways of photosynthesis-antenna proteins and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms in the shoot and arginine and proline metabolism, peroxisome and RNA transport in the root. These results suggest that phosphoproteins in these pathways play important roles in the response to chilling stress. Moreover, kinases and transcription factors (TFs) that respond to chilling at the levels of phosphorylation are also crucial for resistance to chilling in tobacco seedlings. The phosphorylation or dephosphorylation of kinases, such as CDPKs and RLKs; and TFs, including VIP1-like, ABI5-like protein 2, TCP7-like, WRKY 6-like, MYC2-like and CAMTA7 among others, may play essential roles in the transduction of tobacco chilling signal and the transcriptional regulation of the genes that respond to chilling stress. Taken together, these findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of the responses of tobacco to chilling stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Shao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenchen Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Faheng Yang
- China National Tobacco Corporation, Guangdong Company, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchao Yu
- China National Tobacco Corporation, Guangdong Company, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Guo
- China National Tobacco Corporation, Guangdong Company, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiqin Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangzhou, China
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Corrêa A, Ferrol N, Cruz C. Testing the trade-balance model: resource stoichiometry does not sufficiently explain AM effects. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1561-1575. [PMID: 38009528 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Variations in arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) effects on plant growth (MGR) are commonly assumed to result from cost : benefit balances, with C as the cost and, most frequently, P as the benefit. The trade-balance model (TBM) adopts these assumptions and hypothesizes that mycorrhizal benefit depends on C : N : P stoichiometry. Although widely accepted, the TBM has not been experimentally tested. We isolated the parameters included in the TBM and tested these assumptions using it as framework. Oryza sativa plants were supplied with different N : P ratios at low light level, establishing different C : P and C : N exchange rates, and C, N or P limitation. MGR and effects on nutrient uptake, %M, ERM, photosynthesis and shoot starch were measured. C distribution to AM fungi played no role in MGR, and N was essential for all AM effects, including on P nutrition. C distribution to AM and MGR varied with the limiting nutrient (N or P), and evidence of extensive interplay between N and P was observed. The TBM was not confirmed. The results agreed with the exchange of surplus resources and source-sink regulation of resource distribution among plants and AMF. Rather than depending on exchange rates, resource exchange may simply obey both symbiont needs, not requiring further regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Corrêa
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuria Ferrol
- Department of Soil and Plant Microbiology, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Li W, Wu H, Hua J, Zhu C, Guo S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhanced resistance to low-temperature weak-light stress in snapdragon ( Antirrhinum majus L.) through physiological and transcriptomic responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1330032. [PMID: 38681217 PMCID: PMC11045995 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1330032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Low temperature (LT) and weak light (WL) seriously affects the yield and quality of snapdragon in winter greenhouse. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) exert positive role in regulating growth and enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms by AMF improve the LT combined with WL (LTWL) tolerance in snapdragon remain mostly unknown. Methods We compared the differences in root configuration, osmoregulatory substances, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant enzyme defense systems and transcriptome between AMF-inoculated and control groups under LT, WL, low light, and LTWL conditions. Results Our analysis showed that inoculation with AMF effectively alleviated the inhibition caused by LTWL stress on snapdragon root development, and significantly enhanced the contents of soluble sugars, soluble proteins, proline, thereby maintaining the osmotic adjustment of snapdragon. In addition, AMF alleviated reactive oxygen species damage by elevating the contents of AsA, and GSH, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and glutathione reductase (GR). RNA-seq analysis revealed that AMF regulated the expression of genes related to photosynthesis (photosystem I related proteins, photosystem II related proteins, chlorophyll a/b binding protein), active oxygen metabolism (POD, Fe-SOD, and iron/ascorbate family oxidoreductase), plant hormone synthesis (ARF5 and ARF16) and stress-related transcription factors gene (bHLH112, WRKY72, MYB86, WRKY53, WRKY6, and WRKY26) under LTWL stress. Discussion We concluded that mycorrhizal snapdragon promotes root development and LTWL tolerance by accumulation of osmoregulatory substances, activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems, and induction expression of transcription factor genes and auxin synthesis related genes. This study provides a theoretical basis for AMF in promoting the production of greenhouse plants in winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Haiying Wu
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Junkai Hua
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chengshang Zhu
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoxia Guo
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Zhang H, Qi H, Lu G, Zhou X, Wang J, Li J, Zheng K, Fan Y, Zhou H, Wang J, Wu C. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis reveals the mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis regulating the cold-resistance of Elymus nutans. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1134585. [PMID: 37608949 PMCID: PMC10440431 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1134585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Elymus nutans is a perennial grass of the Gramineae family. Due to its cold-resistance and nutrition deficiency tolerance, it has been applied to the ecological restoration of degraded alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. As an important symbiotic microorganism, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been proven to have great potential in promoting the growth and stress resistance of Gramineae grasses. However, the response mechanism of the AMF needs to be clarified. Therefore, in this study, Rhizophagus irregularis was used to explore the mechanism regulating cold resistance of E. nutans. Based on pot experiments and metabolomics, the effects of R. irregularis were investigated on the activities of antioxidant enzyme and metabolites in the roots of E. nutans under cold stress (15/10°C, 16/8 h, day/night). The results showed that lipids and lipid molecules are the highest proportion of metabolites, accounting for 14.26% of the total metabolites. The inoculation with R. irregularis had no significant effects on the activities of antioxidant enzyme in the roots of E. nutans at room temperature. However, it can significantly change the levels of some lipids and other metabolites in the roots. Under cold stress, the antioxidant enzyme activities and the levels of some metabolites in the roots of E. nutans were significantly changed. Meanwhile, most of these metabolites were enriched in the pathways related to plant metabolism. According to the correlation analysis, the activities of antioxidant enzyme were closely related to the levels of some metabolites, such as flavonoids and lipids. In conclusion, AMF may regulate the cold-resistance of Gramineae grasses by affecting plant metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant-related metabolites like flavonoids and lipids. These results can provide some basis for studying the molecular mechanism of AMF regulating stress resistance of Gramineae grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Hexing Qi
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Guangxin Lu
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xueli Zhou
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Experimental Station of Grassland Improvement of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Junbang Wang
- National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Kaifu Zheng
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yuejun Fan
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Vocational of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Jiuluan Wang
- Grassland Station of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Chu Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Boosting Sustainable Agriculture by Arbuscular Mycorrhiza under Stress Condition: Mechanism and Future Prospective. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5275449. [PMID: 36619307 PMCID: PMC9815931 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5275449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Global agriculture is frequently subjected to stresses from increased salt content, drought, heavy metals, and other factors, which limit plant growth and production, deteriorate soil health, and constitute a severe danger to global food security. Development of environmentally acceptable mitigation techniques against stresses and restrictions on the use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural fields is essential. Therefore, eco-friendly practises must be kept to prevent the detrimental impacts of stress on agricultural regions. The advanced metabolic machinery needed to handle this issue is not now existent in plants to deal against the stresses. Research has shown that the key role and mechanisms of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) to enhance plant nutrient uptake, immobilisation and translocation of heavy metals, and plant growth-promoting attributes may be suitable agents for plant growth under diversed stressed condition. The successful symbiosis and the functional relationship between the plant and AMF may build the protective regulatory mechansm against the key challenge in particular stress. AMF's compatibility with hyperaccumulator plants has also been supported by studies on gene regulation and theoretical arguments. In order to address this account, the present review included reducing the impacts of biotic and abiotic stress through AMF, the mechanisms of AMF to improve the host plant's capacity to endure stress, and the strategies employed by AM fungus to support plant survival in stressful conditions.
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Lu GH, Zheng K, Cao R, Fazal A, Na Z, Wang Y, Yang Y, Sun B, Yang H, Na ZY, Zhao X. Root-associated fungal microbiota of the perennial sweet sorghum cultivar under field growth. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1026339. [PMID: 36386674 PMCID: PMC9643593 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1026339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Root-associated fungal microbiota, which inhabit the rhizosphere, rhizoplane and endosphere, have a profound impact on plant growth and development. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, also called broomcorn or sweet sorghum, is a multipurpose crop. The comparison between annual and perennial sweet sorghum cultivars in terms of plant growth, as well as their interactions with belowground fungal microbiota, is still poorly understood, although there has been growing interest in the mutualism between annual sweet sorghum and soil bacteria or bacterial endophytes. In this study, the perennial sweet sorghum cultivar N778 (N778 simply) and its control lines TP213 and TP60 were designed to grow under natural field conditions. Bulk soil, rhizosphere soil and sorghum roots were collected at the blooming and maturity stages, and then the fungal microbiota of those samples were characterized by high-throughput sequencing of the fungal ITS1 amplicon. Our results revealed that the alpha diversity of the fungal microbiota in rhizosphere soil and root samples was significantly different between N778 and the two control lines TP213 and TP60 at the blooming or maturity stage. Moreover, beta diversity in rhizosphere soil of N778 was distinct from those of TP213 and TP60, while beta diversity in root samples of N778 was distinct from those of TP213 but not TP60 by PCoA based on Bray–Curtis and WUF distance metrics. Furthermore, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and multiple group comparisons revealed that OTU4372, a completely unclassified taxon but with symbiotroph mode, was enriched in sorghum roots, especially in N778 aerial roots at the blooming stage. Our results indicate that Cladosporium and Alternaria, two fungal genera in the rhizosphere soil, may also be dominant indicators of sorghum yield and protein content in addition to Fusarium at the maturity stage and imply that the perennial sweet sorghum N778 can primarily recruit dominant psychrotolerant bacterial taxa but not dominant cold-tolerant fungal taxa into its rhizosphere to support its survival below the freezing point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hua Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Gui-Hua Lu,
| | - Kezhi Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
| | - Aliya Fazal
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiye Na
- Yunnan Eco-Agriculture Research Institute, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
| | - Yonghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Yunnan Eco-Agriculture Research Institute, Kunming, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Na
- Yunnan Eco-Agriculture Research Institute, Kunming, China
- Zhong-Yuan Na,
| | - Xiangxiang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
- Xiangxiang Zhao,
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Chang J, van Veen JA, Tian C, Kuramae EE. A review on the impact of domestication of the rhizosphere of grain crops and a perspective on the potential role of the rhizosphere microbial community for sustainable rice crop production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156706. [PMID: 35724776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rhizosphere-associated microbiome impacts plant performance and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Despite increasing recognition of the enormous functional role of the rhizomicrobiome on the survival of wild plant species growing under harsh environmental conditions, such as nutrient, water, temperature, and pathogen stresses, the utilization of the rhizosphere microbial community in domesticated rice production systems has been limited. Better insight into how this role of the rhizomicrobiome for the performance and survival of wild plants has been changed during domestication and development of present domesticated crops, may help to assess the potential of the rhizomicrobial community to improve the sustainable production of these crops. Here, we review the current knowledge of the effect of domestication on the microbial rhizosphere community of rice and other crops by comparing its diversity, structure, and function in wild versus domesticated species. We also examine the existing information on the impact of the plant on their physico-chemical environment. We propose that a holobiont approach should be explored in future studies by combining detailed analysis of the dynamics of the physicochemical microenvironment surrounding roots to systematically investigate the microenvironment-plant-rhizomicrobe interactions during rice domestication, and suggest focusing on the use of beneficial microbes (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Nitrogen fixers), denitrifiers and methane consumers to improve the sustainable production of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNAW, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes A van Veen
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNAW, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Chunjie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Eiko E Kuramae
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNAW, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands; Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Liu Z, Bi S, Meng J, Liu T, Li P, Yu C, Peng X. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhanced rice proline metabolism under low temperature with nitric oxide involvement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:962460. [PMID: 36247649 PMCID: PMC9555847 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.962460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to improve plant stress tolerance by regulating proline accumulation, and nitric oxide (NO) plays an important signaling role in proline metabolism. Environmental nitrogen (N) affects AMF colonization and its contribution to host plants resistance to stress conditions. However, the relationship between proline metabolism and NO in mycorrhizal rice and the effect of N application on symbiont proline metabolism under low temperature have not been established. Pot culture experiments with different temperature, N and exogenous NO donor treatments were conducted with non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal rice. The results showed that AMF enhanced rice proline accumulation under low-temperature stress and decreased glutamate (Glu) and ornithine (Orn) concentrations significantly. In comparison with non-mycorrhizal rice, AMF colonization significantly decreased the Glu concentration, but had little effect on the Orn concentration under low-temperature stress, accompanied by increasing expression of OsP5CS2, OsOAT and OsProDH1. Exogenous application of NO increased proline concentration both under normal and low temperature, which exhibited a higher increase in mycorrhizal rice. NO also triggered the expression of key genes in the Glu and Orn pathways of proline synthesis as well as proline degradation. Higher N application decreased the AMF colonization, and AMF showed greater promotion of proline metabolism at low N levels under low temperature stress by regulating the Glu synthetic pathway. Meanwhile, AMF increased rice nitrate reductase (NR) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities and then enhanced NO accumulation under low N levels. Consequently, it could be hypothesized that one of the mechanisms by which AMF improves plant resistance to low-temperature stress is the accumulation of proline via enhancement of the Glu and Orn synthetic pathways, with the involvement of the signaling molecule NO. However, the contribution of AMF to rice proline accumulation under low-temperature stress was attenuated by high N application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation, Physiology and Ecology of Grain Crop in Cold Region (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Shiting Bi
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingrou Meng
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation, Physiology and Ecology of Grain Crop in Cold Region (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Cailian Yu
- The School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xianlong Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation, Physiology and Ecology of Grain Crop in Cold Region (Northeast Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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11
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Wang HR, Zhao XY, Zhang JM, Lu C, Feng FJ. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus regulates cadmium accumulation, migration, transport, and tolerance in Medicago sativa. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:129077. [PMID: 35650732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in croplands is a global environmental problem. Measures to improve the tolerance of sensitive crops and reduce pollutant absorption and accumulation are needed in contaminated agricultural areas, and inoculation with rhizosphere microorganisms to regulate plant resistance and heavy metal transport can provide an effective solution. A pot experiment was conducted to analyse the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on alfalfa oxidase activity, heavy metal resistance genes and transport proteins, metabolism, and other biochemical regulation mechanisms that lead to complexation, compartmentalisation, efflux, enrichment, and antioxidant detoxification pathways. The AMF reduced shoot and protoplasm Cd inflow, and promoted organic compound production (e.g., by upregulating HM-Res4 for 1.2 times), to complex with Cd, reducing its biological toxicity. The AMF increased the ROS scavenging efficiency and osmotic regulatory substance content of the alfalfa plants, reduced oxidative stress (ROS dereased), and maintained homeostasis. It also alleviated Cd inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport, tricarboxylic acid circulation, and nitrogen assimilation. These AMF effects improved leaf and root biomass by 43.87% and 59.71% and facilitated recovery of a conservative root economic strategy. It is speculated that AMF induces the resistance signal switch by regulating the negative feedback regulation mode of indole acetic acid upward transport and methyl jasmonate downward transmission in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rui Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia-Ming Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Chang Lu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Fu-Juan Feng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
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12
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Xu Y, Tang S, Jian C, Liu Y, Li K, Zhu K, Zhang W, Wang W, Wang Z, Yang J. Polyamines and ethylene interact in mediating the effect of nitrogen rates on synthesis of amino acids in rice grains. Food Energy Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Shupeng Tang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Chaoqun Jian
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Ke Li
- Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province Huaian China
| | - Kuanyu Zhu
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Weiyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Weilu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
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13
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Jajoo A, Mathur S. Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as an underground saviuor for protecting plants from abiotic stresses. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2589-2603. [PMID: 34924713 PMCID: PMC8639914 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To increase food production, prevalent agricultural malpractices such as intensive use of fertilizers and pesticides have led to degradation of the ecosystem. In this situation, there is a need to encourage eco-friendly and sustainable methods for improving crop production under ever increasing abiotic stress conditions. One such method can be through use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF or AM fungi). Soil microorganisms such as AMF serve as a link between plants and the soil resources. AMF represent a key functional group of soil microbiota that is fundamental for soil fertility, crop productivity, yield, quality and ecosystem resilience. AMF potentially increases bioavailability of water as well as various micro- and macro- nutrients which enhances production of plant photosynthates. In plants, inoculation with AMF led to increased photochemical efficiency ultimately resulting in enhanced plant growth. In this review we have summarized amelioration of drought or water scarcity, salt stress, increasing temperature or high temperature and heavy metal stresses etc. in crop plants by AMF through its effects on various physiological and biochemical processes including photosynthesis. The review also highlights AMF induced tolerance and adaptive mechanisms which protect crops from stresses. We conclude the review with a discussion of unseen issues and suggestions for future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonal Mathur
- Devi Ahilya University, Indore, M.P India
- Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20750 USA
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14
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Zhou Y, Sommer ML, Hochholdinger F. Cold response and tolerance in cereal roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021:erab334. [PMID: 34270744 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress adversely affects plant growth and is a limiting factor in crop productivity. Temperature volatility as a consequence of climate change will increase the effects of cold stress on crop cultivation. Low temperatures frequently occur early after planting in temperate climates and severely affect root development in cereals. In this review we address the question how cereal root systems respond to cold on different scales. First, we summarize the morphological, physiological and cellular responses of cereal roots to cold stress and how these processes are regulated by phytohormones. Subsequently, we highlight the status of the genetic and molecular dissection of cold tolerance with emphasis on the role of cold-responsive genes in improving cold tolerance in cereal roots. Finally, we discuss the role of beneficial microorganisms and mineral nutrients in ameliorating the effects of cold stress in cereal roots. A comprehensive knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance will ensure yield stability by enabling the generation of cold-tolerant crop genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhou
- INRES, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Crop Functional Genomics, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mauritz Leonard Sommer
- INRES, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Crop Functional Genomics, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Hochholdinger
- INRES, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Crop Functional Genomics, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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15
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Xu Y, Jian C, Li K, Tian Y, Zhu K, Zhang W, Wang W, Wang Z, Yang J. The role of polyamines in regulating amino acid biosynthesis in rice grains. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Chaoqun Jian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Ke Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Yinfang Tian
- Experimental Dairy Farm Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Kuanyu Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Weiyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Weilu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
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16
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The Endophytic Fungus Piriformospora indica Reprograms Banana to Cold Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094973. [PMID: 34067069 PMCID: PMC8124873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Banana (Musa spp.), one of the most important fruits worldwide, is generally cold sensitive. In this study, by using the cold-sensitive banana variety Tianbaojiao (Musa acuminate) as the study material, we investigated the effects of Piriformospora indica on banana cold resistance. Seedlings with and without fungus colonization were subjected to 4 °C cold treatment. The changes in plant phenotypes, some physiological and biochemical parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and the expression of eight cold-responsive genes in banana leaves before and after cold treatment were measured. Results demonstrated that P. indica colonization reduced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) but increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the contents of soluble sugar (SS) and proline. Noteworthily, the CAT activity and SS content in the leaves of P. indica-colonized banana were significant (p < 0.05). After 24 h cold treatment, the decline in maximum photochemistry efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), efficient quantum yield [Y(II)], and photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) in the leaves of P. indica-colonized banana was found to be lower than in the non-inoculated controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, although the difference was not significant, P. indica colonization increased the photochemical conversion efficiency and electron transport rate and alleviated the damage to the photosynthetic reaction center of banana leaves under cold treatment to some extent. Additionally, the expression of the most cold-responsive genes in banana leaves was significantly induced by P. indica during cold stress (p < 0.05). It was concluded that P. indica confers banana with enhanced cold resistance by stimulating antioxidant capacity, SS accumulation, and the expression of cold-responsive genes in leaves. The results obtained from this study are helpful for understanding the P. indica-induced cold resistance in banana.
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17
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Chang J, Sun Y, Tian L, Ji L, Luo S, Nasir F, Kuramae EE, Tian C. The Structure of Rhizosphere Fungal Communities of Wild and Domesticated Rice: Changes in Diversity and Co-occurrence Patterns. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:610823. [PMID: 33613482 PMCID: PMC7890246 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.610823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhizosphere fungal community affects the ability of crops to acquire nutrients and their susceptibility to pathogen invasion. However, the effects of rice domestication on the diversity and interactions of rhizosphere fungal community still remain largely unknown. Here, internal transcribed spacer amplicon sequencing was used to systematically analyze the structure of rhizosphere fungal communities of wild and domesticated rice. The results showed that domestication increased the alpha diversity indices of the rice rhizosphere fungal community. The changes of alpha diversity index may be associated with the enrichment of Acremonium, Lecythophora, and other specific rare taxa in the rhizosphere of domesticated rice. The co-occurrence network showed that the complexity of wild rice rhizosphere fungal community was higher than that of the domesticated rice rhizosphere fungal community. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soilborne fungi were positively and negatively correlated with more fungi in the wild rice rhizosphere, respectively. For restructuring the rhizomicrobial community of domesticated crops, we hypothesize that microbes that hold positive connections with AMF and negative connections with soilborne fungi can be used as potential sources for bio-inoculation. Our findings provide a scientific basis for reshaping the structure of rhizomicrobial community and furthermore create potential for novel intelligent and sustainable agricultural solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Li Ji
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Luo
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Fahad Nasir
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Eiko E. Kuramae
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNAW, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Chunjie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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18
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Acuña-Rodríguez IS, Newsham KK, Gundel PE, Torres-Díaz C, Molina-Montenegro MA. Functional roles of microbial symbionts in plant cold tolerance. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:1034-1048. [PMID: 32281227 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we examine the functional roles of microbial symbionts in plant tolerance to cold and freezing stresses. The impacts of symbionts on antioxidant activity, hormonal signaling and host osmotic balance are described, including the effects of the bacterial endosymbionts Burkholderia, Pseudomonas and Azospirillum on photosynthesis and the accumulation of carbohydrates such as trehalose and raffinose that improve cell osmotic regulation and plasma membrane integrity. The influence of root fungal endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant physiology at low temperatures, for example their effects on nutrient acquisition and the accumulation of indole-3-acetic acid and antioxidants in tissues, are also reviewed. Meta-analyses are presented showing that aspects of plant performance (shoot biomass, relative water content, sugar and proline concentrations and Fv /Fm ) are enhanced in symbiotic plants at low (-1 to 15 °C), but not at high (20-26 °C), temperatures. We discuss the implications of microbial symbionts for plant performance at low and sub-zero temperatures in the natural environment and propose future directions for research into the effects of symbionts on the cold and freezing tolerances of plants, concluding that further studies should routinely incorporate symbiotic microbes in their experimental designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S Acuña-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Pedro E Gundel
- IFEVA, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristian Torres-Díaz
- Grupo de Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (BCG), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Campus Fernando May, Chillán, Chile
| | - Marco A Molina-Montenegro
- Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile.,Centro de Investigación en Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Universidad Católica del Maule, Campus San Miguel, Talca, Chile
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19
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Yang C, Zhao W, Wang Y, Zhang L, Huang S, Lin J. Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Alkali Tolerance Mechanism in Puccinellia tenuiflora Plants Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E327. [PMID: 32110985 PMCID: PMC7142761 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil alkalization is a major environmental threat that affects plant distribution and yield in northeastern China. Puccinellia tenuiflora is an alkali-tolerant grass species that is used for salt-alkali grassland restoration. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance P. tenuiflora responses to alkali stress. Here, metabolite profiling in P. tenuiflora seedlings with or without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under alkali stress was conducted using liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS). The results showed that AMF colonization increased seedling biomass under alkali stress. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) demonstrated that non-AM and AM seedlings showed different responses under alkali stress. A heat map analysis showed that the levels of 88 metabolites were significantly changed in non-AM seedlings, but those of only 31 metabolites were significantly changed in AM seedlings. Moreover, the levels of a total of 62 metabolites were significantly changed in P. tenuiflora seedlings after AMF inoculation. The results suggested that AMF inoculation significantly increased amino acid, organic acid, flavonoid and sterol contents to improve osmotic adjustment and maintain cell membrane stability under alkali stress. P. tenuiflora seedlings after AMF inoculation produced more plant hormones (salicylic acid and abscisic acid) than the non-AM seedlings, probably to enhance the antioxidant system and facilitate ion balance under stress conditions. In conclusion, these findings provide new insights into the metabolic mechanisms of P. tenuiflora seedlings with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under alkali conditions and clarify the role of AM in the molecular regulation of this species under alkali stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxue Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Wenna Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Yingnan Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Shouchen Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Jixiang Lin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (C.Y.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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20
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Tisarum R, Theerawitaya C, Samphumphuang T, Phisalaphong M, Singh HP, Cha-um S. Promoting water deficit tolerance and anthocyanin fortification in pigmented rice cultivar ( Oryza sativa L. subsp. indica) using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:821-835. [PMID: 31402812 PMCID: PMC6656829 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Drought or water deficit is a major abiotic stress that can reduce growth and productivity in the rice crop especially in the rain-fed areas, which face long-term water shortage. The objective of this investigation was to promote the drought tolerant abilities in pigmented rice cv. 'Hom Nil' at booting stage using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-inoculation, mixed spores of Glomus geosporum, G. etunicatum and G. mosseae in the soil before rice seedling transplantation. At booting stage, the AMF-inoculated (+AMF) and AMF-uninoculated plants (-AMF) were subjected to control (well-watering; 46.6% SWC) and water deficit condition (14 days water withholding; 13.8% SWC). Colonization percentage in the AMF-inoculated root tissues were evidently proved in both with and without water deficit conditions, leading to elevate total phosphorus in root and leaf tissues. Interestingly, sucrose and total soluble sugar concentration in the flag leaf were increased by 5.0 folds and 1.5 folds, respectively in the plants under water deficit (WD). Free proline was accumulated in flag leaf when exposure to water deficit, subsequently regulated by AMF-inoculation. Total soluble sugar and free proline enrichment in 'Hom Nil' was a major mode of osmotic adjustment to control osmotic potential in the cellular level when exposed to water deficit, leading to maintained photosynthetic abilities and growth performances. Concentration of chlorophyll b in AMF-inoculated plants under water deficit stress was retained, causing to improve chlorophyll fluorescence and net photosynthetic rate. Shoot height and number of tillers were significantly declined by 12.5% and 11.6%, respectively, when subjected to WD. At the harvest, grain yield, panicle dry weight and fertility percentage of AMF-inoculated rice from WD were greater than those without AMF by 1.5, 3.9 and 2.4 folds, respectively. Cyanidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-glucoside concentrations in pericarp were enriched in the grain derived from AMF-inoculation with water deficit stress. Overall growth characters and physiological adaptations in 'Hom Nil' grown under water deficit condition were retained by AMF inoculation, resulting in enhanced yield attributes and anthocyanin fortification in rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujira Tisarum
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Cattarin Theerawitaya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Thapanee Samphumphuang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
| | - Muenduen Phisalaphong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Faculty of Science, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 India
| | - Suriyan Cha-um
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand
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Wang J, Fu Z, Chen G, Zou G, Song X, Liu F. Runoff nitrogen (N) losses and related metabolism enzyme activities in paddy field under different nitrogen fertilizer levels. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27583-27593. [PMID: 30054837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2823-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N), one of the most important nutrients for plants, also can be a pollutant in water environments. N metabolism is sensitive to N fertilization application and related to rice growth. Different levels of N fertilization treatment (N0, control without N fertilizer application; N100, chemical fertilizer of 100 kg N ha-1; N200, chemical fertilizer of 200 kg N ha-1; N300, chemical fertilizer of 300 kg N ha-1) were tested to investigate N loss due to surface runoff and to explore the possible involvement of rice N metabolism responses to different N levels. The results indicated that N loss through runoff and rice yield was simultaneously increased in response to increasing N fertilizer levels. About 30% of total nitrogen (TN) was lost in the form of ammonium (NH4+) in a rice growing season, while only 3% was lost in the form of nitrate (NO3-). Higher N application increased carbon (C) and N content and increased nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities in rice leaves, while it decreased glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities. These results suggest that N caused the accumulation of assimilation products in flag leaves of rice and stimulated N metabolic processes, while some protective substances were also stimulated to resist low N stress. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving N fertilizer management to reduce N loss and increase rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Wang
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishi Fu
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
| | - Guifa Chen
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyan Zou
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Co-Elite Agricultural Sci-Tech (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201106, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfu Song
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxing Liu
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China.
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Ramírez-Viga TK, Aguilar R, Castillo-Argüero S, Chiappa-Carrara X, Guadarrama P, Ramos-Zapata J. Wetland plant species improve performance when inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a meta-analysis of experimental pot studies. MYCORRHIZA 2018; 28:477-493. [PMID: 29869188 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-018-0839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in wetlands is widespread. Wetlands are transition ecosystems between aquatic and terrestrial systems, where shallow water stands or moves over the land surface. The presence of AMF in wetlands suggests that they are ecologically significant; however, their function is not yet clearly understood. With the aim of determining the overall magnitude and direction of AMF effect on wetland plants associated with them in pot assays, we conducted a meta-analysis of data extracted from 48 published studies. The AMF effect on their wetland hosts was estimated through different plant attributes reported in the studies including nutrient acquisition, photosynthetic activity, biomass production, and saline stress reduction. As the common metric, we calculated the standardized unbiased mean difference (Hedges' d) of wetland plant performance attributes in AMF-inoculated plants versus non-AMF-inoculated plants. Also, we examined a series of moderator variables regarding symbiont identity and experimental procedures that could influence the magnitude and direction of an AMF effect. Response patterns indicate that wetland plants significantly benefit from their association with AMF, even under flooded conditions. The beneficial AMF effect differed in magnitude depending on the plant attribute selected to estimate it in the published studies. The nature of these benefits depends on the identity of the host plant, phosphorus addition, and water availability in the soil where both symbionts develop. Our meta-analysis synthetizes the relationship of AMF with wetland plants in pot assays and suggests that AMF may be of comparable importance to wetland plants as to terrestrial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Khan Ramírez-Viga
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramiro Aguilar
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba CONICET, CC 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 58190, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Silvia Castillo-Argüero
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Xavier Chiappa-Carrara
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Mérida, Ave. Colón 503-F, 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Patricia Guadarrama
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación Sisal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto de Abrigo s/n, 97356, Sisal, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - José Ramos-Zapata
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil Km 15.5, 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis modifies the effects of a nitric oxide donor (sodium nitroprusside;SNP) and a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester;L-NAME) on lettuce plants under well watered and drought conditions. Symbiosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-017-0486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lin J, Wang Y, Sun S, Mu C, Yan X. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth, photosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments of Leymus chinensis seedlings under salt-alkali stress and nitrogen deposition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 576:234-241. [PMID: 27788438 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Leymus chinensis is the most promising grass species for salt-alkaline grassland restoration in northern China. However, little information exists concerning the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis in the adaptation of seedlings to salt-alkali stress, particularly under increased nitrogen deposition, which has become a major environmental problem throughout the world. In this study, Leymus chinensis seedlings were cultivated in soil with 0, 100 and 200mM NaCl/NaHCO3 under two forms of nitrogen (10mM NH4NO3 or NH4Cl: NH4NO3=3:1), and the root colonization, growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the seedlings were measured. The results showed that the colonization rate and intensity decreased with increasing salt-alkali stress and were much lower under alkali stress. The nitrogen treatments also decreased the colonization, particularly under the NH4+-N treatment. Compared with the non-mycorrhizal controls, mycorrhizal seedlings generally presented higher plant biomass, photosynthetic parameters and contents of photosynthetic pigments under stresses, and the inhibitive effects of alkali stress were substantially stronger. In addition, both nitrogen forms decreased the physiological indexes compared with those of the AM seedlings. Our results suggest that salt stress and alkali stress are significantly different and that the salt-alkali tolerance of Leymus chinensis seedlings could be enhanced by associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in which would yield better plant growth and photosynthesis. Excessive nitrogen in the soil affects mycorrhizal colonization and thereby inhibits the growth and photosynthetic ability of the seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Lin
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yingnan Wang
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- Colleges of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chunsheng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiufeng Yan
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
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Zhu X, Song F, Liu S, Liu F. Arbuscular mycorrhiza improve growth, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat grown under elevated CO2. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:133-40. [PMID: 26148451 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-015-0654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Rhizophagus irregularis on plant growth, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) accumulation, and partitioning was investigated in Triticum aestivum L. plants grown under elevated CO2 in a pot experiment. Wheat plants inoculated or not inoculated with the AM fungus were grown in two glasshouse cells with different CO2 concentrations (400 and 700 ppm) for 10 weeks. A (15)N isotope labeling technique was used to trace plant N uptake. Results showed that elevated CO2 increased AM fungal colonization. Under CO2 elevation, AM plants had higher C concentration and higher plant biomass than the non-AM plants. CO2 elevation did not affect C and N partitioning in plant organs, while AM symbiosis increased C and N allocation into the roots. In addition, plant C and N accumulation, (15)N recovery rate, and N use efficiency (NUE) were significantly higher in AM plants than in non-AM controls under CO2 enrichment. It is concluded that AM symbiosis favors C and N partitioning in roots, increases C accumulation and N uptake, and leads to greater NUE in wheat plants grown at elevated CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancan Zhu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, People's Republic of China
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, DK-2630, Denmark
| | - Fengbin Song
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengqun Liu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, DK-2630, Denmark.
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Sánchez-Romera B, Ruiz-Lozano JM, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Aroca R. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and methyl jasmonate avoid the inhibition of root hydraulic conductivity caused by drought. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:111-22. [PMID: 26070449 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-015-0650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hormonal regulation and symbiotic relationships provide benefits for plants to overcome stress conditions. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application on root hydraulic conductivity (L) of Phaseolus vulgaris plants which established arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis under two water regimes (well-watered and drought conditions). The variation in endogenous contents of several hormones (MeJA, JA, abscisic acid (ABA), indol-3-acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid (SA)) and the changes in aquaporin gene expression, protein abundance and phosphorylation state were analyzed. AM symbiosis decreased L under well-watered conditions, which was partially reverted by the MeJA treatment, apparently by a drop in root IAA contents. Also, AM symbiosis and MeJA prevented inhibition of L under drought conditions, most probably by a reduction in root SA contents. Additionally, the gene expression of two fungal aquaporins was upregulated under drought conditions, independently of the MeJA treatment. Plant aquaporin gene expression could not explain the behaviour of L. Conversely, evidence was found for the control of L by phosphorylation of aquaporins. Hence, MeJA addition modified the response of L to both AM symbiosis and drought, presumably by regulating the root contents of IAA and SA and the phosphorylation state of aquaporins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel María Zamarreño
- CIPAV TimacAGRO International-Roullier Group, Polígono Arazuri-Orcoyen, c/C no. 32, 31160, Orcoyen, Navarra, Spain
| | - José María García-Mina
- CIPAV TimacAGRO International-Roullier Group, Polígono Arazuri-Orcoyen, c/C no. 32, 31160, Orcoyen, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
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Plouznikoff K, Declerck S, Calonne-Salmon M. Mitigating Abiotic Stresses in Crop Plants by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. BELOWGROUND DEFENCE STRATEGIES IN PLANTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42319-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hichri I, Boscari A, Meilhoc E, Catalá M, Barreno E, Bruand C, Lanfranco L, Brouquisse R. Nitric Oxide: A Multitask Player in Plant–Microorganism Symbioses. GASOTRANSMITTERS IN PLANTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-40713-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Yang J, Chen X, Zhu C, Peng X, He X, Fu J, Ouyang L, Bian J, Hu L, Sun X, Xu J, He H. RNA-seq reveals differentially expressed genes of rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet in response to temperature interacting with nitrogen at meiosis stage. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:959. [PMID: 26576634 PMCID: PMC4650392 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important cereal crops, providing food for more than half of the world’s population. However, grain yields are challenged by various abiotic stresses such as drought, fertilizer, heat, and their interaction. Rice at reproductive stage is much more sensitive to environmental temperatures, and little is known about molecular mechanisms of rice spikelet in response to high temperature interacting with nitrogen (N). Results Here we reported the transcriptional profiling analysis of rice spikelet at meiosis stage using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) as an attempt to gain insights into molecular events associated with temperature and nitrogen. This study received four treatments: 1) NN: normal nitrogen level (165 kg ha−1) with natural temperature (30 °C); 2) HH: high nitrogen level (330 kg ha−1) with high temperature (37 °C); 3) NH: normal nitrogen level and high temperature; and 4) HN: high nitrogen level and natural temperature, respectively. The de novo assembly generated 52,553,536 clean reads aligned with 72,667 unigenes. About 10 M reads were identified from each treatment. In these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we found 151 and 323 temperature-responsive DEGs in NN-vs-NH and HN-vs-HH, and 114 DEGs were co-expressed. Meanwhile, 203 and 144 nitrogen-responsive DEGs were focused in NN-vs-HN and NH-vs-HH, and 111 DEGs were co-expressed. The temperature-responsive genes were principally associated with calcium-dependent protein, cytochrome, flavonoid, heat shock protein, peroxidase, ubiquitin, and transcription factor while the nitrogen-responsive genes were mainly involved in glutamine synthetase, transcription factor, anthocyanin, amino acid transporter, leucine zipper protein, and hormone. It is noted that, rice spikelet fertility was significantly decreased under high temperature, but it was more reduced under higher nitrogen. Accordingly, numerous spikelet genes involved in pollen development, pollen tube growth, pollen germination, especially sporopollenin biosynthetic process, and pollen exine formation were mainly down-regulated under high temperature. Moreover, the expression levels of co-expressed DEGs including 5 sporopollenin biosynthetic process and 7 pollen exine formation genes of NN-vs-NH were lower than that of HN-vs-HH. Therefore, these spikelet genes may play important roles in response to high temperature with high nitrogen and may be good candidates for crop improvement. Conclusions This RNA-seq study will help elucidate the molecular mechanisms of rice spikelet defense response to high temperature interacting with high nitrogen level. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2141-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Changlan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Xiaosong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Xiaopeng He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Junru Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Linjuan Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Jianmin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Lifang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Xiaotang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Street, Changbei economic and technological development zone, QingShanHu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330045, China.
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Liu Z, Li Y, Ma L, Wei H, Zhang J, He X, Tian C. Coordinated regulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soybean MAPK pathway genes improved mycorrhizal soybean drought tolerance. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2015; 28:408-19. [PMID: 25390189 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-14-0251-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play important roles in the stress response in both plants and microorganisms. The mycorrhizal symbiosis established between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plants can enhance plant drought tolerance, which might be closely related to the fungal MAPK response and the molecular dialogue between fungal and soybean MAPK cascades. To verify the above hypothesis, germinal Glomus intraradices (syn. Rhizophagus irregularis) spores and potted experiments were conducted. The results showed that AMF GiMAPKs with high homology with MAPKs from Saccharomyces cerevisiae had different gene expression patterns under different conditions (nitrogen starvation, abscisic acid treatment, and drought). Drought stress upregulated the levels of fungi and soybean MAPK transcripts in mycorrhizal soybean roots, indicating the possibility of a molecular dialogue between the two symbiotic sides of symbiosis and suggesting that they might cooperate to regulate the mycorrhizal soybean drought-stress response. Meanwhile, the changes in hydrogen peroxide, soluble sugar, and proline levels in mycorrhizal soybean as well as in the accelerated exchange of carbon and nitrogen in the symbionts were contributable to drought adaptation of the host plants. Thus, it can be preliminarily inferred that the interactions of MAPK signals on both sides, symbiotic fungus and plant, might regulate the response of symbiosis and, thus, improve the resistance of mycorrhizal soybean to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Liu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130102, China
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Varela-Cervero S, Vasar M, Davison J, Barea JM, Öpik M, Azcón-Aguilar C. The composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities differs among the roots, spores and extraradical mycelia associated with five Mediterranean plant species. Environ Microbiol 2015; 17:2882-95. [PMID: 25677957 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are essential constituents of most terrestrial ecosystems. AMF species differ in terms of propagation strategies and the major propagules they form. This study compared the AMF community composition of different propagule fractions - colonized roots, spores and extraradical mycelium (ERM) - associated with five Mediterranean plant species in Sierra de Baza Natural Park (Granada, Spain). AMF were identified using 454 pyrosequencing of the SSU rRNA gene. A total of 96 AMF phylogroups [virtual taxa (VT)] were detected in the study site, including 31 novel VT. After per-sample sequencing depth standardization, 71 VT were recorded from plant roots, and 47 from each of the spore and ERM fractions. AMF communities differed significantly among the propagule fractions, and the root-colonizing fraction differed among host plant species. Indicator VT were detected for the root (13 Glomus VT), spore (Paraglomus VT281, VT336, Pacispora VT284) and ERM (Diversispora VT62) fractions. This study provides detailed evidence from a natural system that AMF taxa are differentially allocated among soil mycelium, soil spores and colonized root propagules. This has important implications for interpreting AMF diversity surveys and designing applications of AMF in vegetation restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Varela-Cervero
- Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems Department, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain
| | - Martti Vasar
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, 40 Lai Street, Tartu, 51005, Estonia
| | - John Davison
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, 40 Lai Street, Tartu, 51005, Estonia
| | - José Miguel Barea
- Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems Department, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain
| | - Maarja Öpik
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, 40 Lai Street, Tartu, 51005, Estonia
| | - Concepción Azcón-Aguilar
- Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems Department, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain
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Yang B, Ma HY, Wang XM, Jia Y, Hu J, Li X, Dai CC. Improvement of nitrogen accumulation and metabolism in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by the endophyte Phomopsis liquidambari. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 82:172-82. [PMID: 24972305 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The fungal endophyte Phomopsis liquidambari can enhance nitrogen (N) uptake and metabolism of rice plants under hydroponic conditions. To investigate the effects of P. liquidambari on N accumulation and metabolism in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under field conditions during the entire growing season (S1, the seedling stage; S2, the tillering stage; S3, the heading stage; S4, the ripening stage), we utilized pot experiments to examine metabolic and physiological levels in both shoot and root tissues of rice, with endophyte (E+) and without endophyte (E-), in response to three different N levels. We found that under low-N treatment, P. liquidambari symbiosis increased the rice yield and N use efficiency by 12% and by 11.59%, respectively; that the total N contents in E+ rice plants at the four growth stages were separately increased by 29.05%, 14.65%, 21.06% and 18.38%, respectively; and that the activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase in E+ rice roots and shoots were significantly increased by fungal infection during the S1 to S3 stages. Moreover, P. liquidambari significantly increased the free NH4(+), NO3(-), amino acid and soluble protein contents in infected rice tissues under low-N treatment during the S1 to S3 stages. The obtained results offer novel data concerning the systemic changes induced by P. liquidambari in rice during the entire growth period and confirm the hypothesis that the rice-P. liquidambari interaction improved the N accumulation and metabolism of rice plants, consequently increasing rice N utilization in nutrient-limited soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiao-Mi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yong Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jing Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing Branch of China National Center Rice Improvement, Institute of Food Crops, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Effect of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and physiology of maize at ambient and low temperature regimes. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:956141. [PMID: 24895680 PMCID: PMC4032736 DOI: 10.1155/2014/956141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of four different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and lipid peroxidation, soluble sugar, proline contents, and antioxidant enzymes activities of Zea mays L. was studied in pot culture subjected to two temperature regimes. Maize plants were grown in pots filled with a mixture of sandy and black soil for 5 weeks, and then half of the plants were exposed to low temperature for 1 week while the rest of the plants were grown under ambient temperature and severed as control. Different AMF resulted in different root colonization and low temperature significantly decreased AM colonization. Low temperature remarkably decreased plant height and total dry weight but increased root dry weight and root-shoot ratio. The AM plants had higher proline content compared with the non-AM plants. The maize plants inoculated with Glomus etunicatum and G. intraradices had higher malondialdehyde and soluble sugar contents under low temperature condition. The activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase of AM inoculated maize were higher than those of non-AM ones. Low temperature noticeably decreased the activities of CAT. The results suggest that low temperature adversely affects maize physiology and AM symbiosis can improve maize seedlings tolerance to low temperature stress.
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Corrêa A, Cruz C, Pérez-Tienda J, Ferrol N. Shedding light onto nutrient responses of arbuscular mycorrhizal plants: nutrient interactions may lead to unpredicted outcomes of the symbiosis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 221-222:29-41. [PMID: 24656333 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The role and importance of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) in plant nitrogen (N) nutrition is uncertain. We propose that this be clarified by using more integrative experimental designs, with the use of a gradient of N supply and the quantification of an extensive array of plant nutrient contents. Using such an experimental design, we investigated AM effects on plant N nutrition, whether the mycorrhizal N response (MNR) determines the mycorrhizal growth response (MGR), and how MNR influences plants' C economy. Oryza sativa plants were inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis or Funneliformis mossae. AM effects were studied along a gradient of N supplies. Biomass, photosynthesis, nutrient and starch contents, mycorrhizal colonization and OsPT11 gene expression were measured. C investment in fungal growth was estimated. Results showed that, in rice, MGR was dependent on AM nutrient uptake effects, namely on the synergy between N and Zn, and not on C expenditure. The supply of C to the fungus was dependent on the plant's nutrient demand, indicated by high shoot C/N or low %N. We conclude that one of the real reasons for the negative MGR of rice, Zn deficiency of AMF plants, would have remained hidden without an experimental design allowing the observation of plants' response to AM along gradients of nutrient concentrations. Adopting more integrative and comprehensive experimental approaches in mycorrhizal studies seems therefore essential if we are to achieve a true understanding of AM function, namely of the mechanisms of C/N exchange regulation in AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Corrêa
- Depto. de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain; Centre for Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Centre for Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jacob Pérez-Tienda
- Depto. de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Nuria Ferrol
- Depto. de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
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Pérez-Tienda J, Corrêa A, Azcón-Aguilar C, Ferrol N. Transcriptional regulation of host NH₄⁺ transporters and GS/GOGAT pathway in arbuscular mycorrhizal rice roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 75:1-8. [PMID: 24361504 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a key role in the nutrition of many land plants. AM roots have two pathways for nutrient uptake, directly through the root epidermis and root hairs and via AM fungal hyphae into root cortical cells, where arbuscules or hyphal coils provide symbiotic interfaces. Recent studies demonstrated that the AM symbiosis modifies the expression of plant transporter genes and that NH₄⁺ is the main form of N transported in the symbiosis. The aim of the present work was to get insights into the mycorrhizal N uptake pathway in Oryza sativa by analysing the expression of genes encoding ammonium transporters (AMTs), glutamine synthase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) in roots colonized by the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis and grown under two N regimes. We found that the AM symbiosis down-regulated OsAMT1;1 and OsAMT1;3 expression at low-N, but not at high-N conditions, and induced, independently of the N status of the plant, a strong up-regulation of OsAMT3;1 expression. The AM-inducible NH₄⁺ transporter OsAMT3;1 belongs to the family 2 of plant AMTs and is phylogenetically related to the AM-inducible AMTs of other plant species. Moreover, for the first time we provide evidence of the specific induction of a GOGAT gene upon colonization with an AM fungus. These data suggest that OsAMT3;1 is likely involved in the mycorrhizal N uptake pathway in rice roots and that OsGOGAT2 plays a role in the assimilation of the NH₄⁺ supplied via the OsAMT3;1 AM-inducible transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Pérez-Tienda
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C. Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Corrêa
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C. Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción Azcón-Aguilar
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C. Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Nuria Ferrol
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C. Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
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