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Yousf S, Batra HS, Jha RM, Sardesai DM, Ananthamohan K, Chugh J, Sharma S. Identification of potential serum biomarkers associated with HbA1c levels in Indian type 2 diabetic subjects using NMR-based metabolomics. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117857. [PMID: 38484908 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a progressive metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and the development of insulin resistance, has increased globally, with worrying statistics coming from children, adolescents, and young adults from developing countries like India. Here, we investigated unique circulating metabolic signatures associated with prediabetes and T2DM in an Indian cohort using NMR-based metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study subjects included healthy volunteers (N = 101), prediabetic subjects (N = 75), and T2DM patients (N = 108). Serum metabolic profiling was performed using 1H NMR spectroscopy and major perturbed metabolites were identified by multivariate analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) modules. RESULTS Of the 36 aqueous abundant metabolites, 24 showed a statistically significant difference between healthy volunteers, prediabetics, and established T2DM subjects. On performing multivariate ROC curve analysis with 5 commonly dysregulated metabolites (namely, glucose, pyroglutamate, o-phosphocholine, serine, and methionine) in prediabetes and T2DM, AUC values obtained were 0.96 (95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.93, 0.98) for T2DM; and 0.88 (95 % CI = 0.81, 0.93) for prediabetic subjects, respectively. CONCLUSION We propose that the identified metabolite panel can be used in the future as a biomarker for clinical diagnosis, patient surveillance, and for predicting individuals at risk for developing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Yousf
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India; Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hitender S Batra
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC), Wanowrie, Pune 411040, India; Department of Biochemistry, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Pune 412115, India.
| | - Rakesh M Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India
| | - Devika M Sardesai
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India
| | - Kalyani Ananthamohan
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India
| | - Jeetender Chugh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.
| | - Shilpy Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India.
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Roberts J, Whiley L, Gray N, Gay M, Nitschke P, Masuda R, Holmes E, Nicholson JK, Wist J, Lawler NG. Rapid and Self-Administrable Capillary Blood Microsampling Demonstrates Statistical Equivalence with Standard Venous Collections in NMR-Based Lipoprotein Analysis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4505-4513. [PMID: 38372289 PMCID: PMC10955515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
We investigated plasma and serum blood derivatives from capillary blood microsamples (500 μL, MiniCollect tubes) and corresponding venous blood (10 mL vacutainers). Samples from 20 healthy participants were analyzed by 1H NMR, and 112 lipoprotein subfraction parameters; 3 supramolecular phospholipid composite (SPC) parameters from SPC1, SPC2, and SPC3 subfractions; 2 N-acetyl signals from α-1-acid glycoprotein (Glyc), GlycA, and GlycB; and 3 calculated parameters, SPC (total), SPC3/SPC2, and Glyc (total) were assessed. Using linear regression between capillary and venous collection sites, we explained that agreement (Adj. R2 ≥ 0.8, p < 0.001) was witnessed for 86% of plasma parameters (103/120) and 88% of serum parameters (106/120), indicating that capillary lipoprotein, SPC, and Glyc concentrations follow changes in venous concentrations. These results indicate that capillary blood microsamples are suitable for sampling in remote areas and for high-frequency longitudinal sampling of the majority of lipoproteins, SPCs, and Glycs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayden
Lee Roberts
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Luke Whiley
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Nicola Gray
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Melvin Gay
- Bruker
Pty Ltd., Preston, VIC 3072, Australia
| | - Philipp Nitschke
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Reika Masuda
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department
of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Jeremy K. Nicholson
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department
of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Institute
of Global Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Level 1, Faculty Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2NA, U.K.
| | - Julien Wist
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Faculty
of Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction,
Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial
College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Chemistry
Department, Universidad del Valle, Melendez 76001, Cali, Colombia
| | - Nathan G. Lawler
- Australian
National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Centre
for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute,
Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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Candás-Estébanez B, Fernández-Cidón B, Corbella E, Tebé C, Fanlo-Maresma M, Esteve-Luque V, Salas-Salvadó J, Fitó M, Riera-Mestre A, Ros E, Pintó X. The Impact of the Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle Intervention on Lipoprotein Subclass Profiles among Metabolic Syndrome Patients: Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1338. [PMID: 38279337 PMCID: PMC10817060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with alterations of lipoprotein structure and function that can be characterized with advanced lipoprotein testing (ADLT). The effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and weight loss on the lipoprotein subclass profile has been scarcely studied. Within the PREDIMED-Plus randomized controlled trial, a sub-study conducted at Bellvitge Hospital recruiting center evaluated the effects of a weight loss program based on an energy-reduced MedDiet (er-MedDiet) and physical activity (PA) promotion (intervention group) compared with energy-unrestricted MedDiet recommendations (control group) on ADLT-assessed lipoprotein subclasses. 202 patients with MetS (n = 107, intervention; n = 95, control) were included. Lipid profiles were determined, and ADLT was performed at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Linear mixed models were used to assess the effects of intervention on lipoprotein profiles. Compared to the control diet, at 12 months, the er-MedDiet+PA resulted in a significant additional 4.2 kg of body weight loss, a decrease in body mass index by 1.4 kg/m2, reduction in waist circumference by 2.2 cm, decreased triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol, and increased HDL-cholesterol. In er-MedDiet+PA participants, ADLT revealed a decrease in small dense-LDL-cholesterol (sd-LDL-C), intermediate-density lipoproteins, VLDL-triglyceride, and HDL-Triglyceride, and an increase in large LDL and large VLDL particles. In conclusion, compared to an ad libitum MedDiet (control group), er-MedDiet+PA decreased plasma triglycerides and the triglyceride content in HDL and VLDL particles, decreased sd-LDL-C, and increased large LDL particles, indicating beneficial changes against cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Candás-Estébanez
- Clinical Laboratory, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (B.C.-E.); (B.F.-C.)
- Clinical Laboratory, SCIAS-Barcelona Hospital, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bárbara Fernández-Cidón
- Clinical Laboratory, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (B.C.-E.); (B.F.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emili Corbella
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (E.C.); (M.F.-M.); (V.E.-L.); (A.R.-M.)
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research in Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Network (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.S.-S.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
| | - Cristian Tebé
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Marta Fanlo-Maresma
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (E.C.); (M.F.-M.); (V.E.-L.); (A.R.-M.)
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research in Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Network (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.S.-S.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
| | - Virginia Esteve-Luque
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (E.C.); (M.F.-M.); (V.E.-L.); (A.R.-M.)
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research in Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Network (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.S.-S.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Center for Biomedical Research in Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Network (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.S.-S.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University Human, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), San Joan de Reus University Hospital, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Center for Biomedical Research in Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Network (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.S.-S.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera-Mestre
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (E.C.); (M.F.-M.); (V.E.-L.); (A.R.-M.)
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Center for Biomedical Research in Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Network (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.S.-S.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (E.C.); (M.F.-M.); (V.E.-L.); (A.R.-M.)
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research in Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Network (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.S.-S.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, Barcelona University, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
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Leohr J, Kjellsson MC. Evaluation of postprandial total triglycerides within the TIGG model for characterizing postprandial response of glucose, insulin, and GLP-1. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2023; 12:1529-1540. [PMID: 37667531 PMCID: PMC10583241 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The TIGG model is the first model to integrate glucose and insulin regulation, incretin effect, and triglyceride (TG) response in the lipoprotein subclasses of chylomicrons and VLDL-V6. This model described the response following a high-fat meal in individuals who are lean, obese, and very obese and provided insights into the possible regulation of glucose homeostasis in the extended period following a meal. Often, total TGs are analyzed within clinical studies, instead of lipoprotein subclasses. We extended the existing TIGG model to capture the observed total TGs and determined if this model could be used to predict the postprandial TG response of chylomicron and VLDL-V6 when only total TGs are available. To assess if the lipoprotein distinction was important for the model, a second model (tTIGG) was developed using only the postprandial response in total TGs, instead of postprandial TG response in chylomicrons and VLDL-V6. The two models were compared on their predictability to characterize the postprandial response of glucose, insulin, and active GLP-1. Both models were able to characterize the postprandial TG response in individuals who are lean, obese, or very obese following a high-fat meal. The extended TIGG model resulted in a better model fit of the glucose data compared to the tTIGG model, indicating that chylomicron and VLDL-V6 provided additional information compared to total TGs. Furthermore, the expanded TIGG model was able to predict the postprandial TG response of chylomicrons and VLDL-V6 using the total TGs and could therefore be used in studies where only total TGs were collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Leohr
- Department of Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics, Lilly Research LaboratoriesLilly Corporate CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Maria C. Kjellsson
- Pharmacometrics Research Group, Department of PharmacyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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Hasselbalch RB, Kristensen JH, Strandkjær N, Jørgensen N, Bundgaard H, Malmendal A, Iversen KK. Metabolomics of early myocardial ischemia. Metabolomics 2023; 19:33. [PMID: 37002479 PMCID: PMC10066099 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diagnosing myocardial infarction is difficult during the initial phase. As, acute myocardial ischemia is associated with changes in metabolic pathways, metabolomics may provide ways of identifying early stages of ischemia. We investigated the changes in metabolites after induced ischemia in humans using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). METHODS We included patients undergoing elective coronary angiography showing normal coronary arteries. These were randomized into 4 groups and underwent coronary artery occlusion for 0, 30, 60 or 90 s. Blood was collected over the next 3 h and analyzed using NMR. We used 2-way ANOVA of time from baseline- and treatment group to find metabolites that changed significantly following the intervention and principal component analysis (PCA) to investigate changes between the 90 s ischemia- and control groups at 15 and 60 min after intervention. RESULTS We included 34 patients. The most pronounced changes were observed in the lipid metabolism where 38 of 112 lipoprotein parameters (34%) showed a significant difference between the patients exposed to ischemia and the control group. There was a decrease in total plasma triglycerides over the first hour followed by a normalization. The principal component analysis showed a effects of the treatment after just 15 min. These effects were dominated by changes in high-density lipoprotein. An increase in lactic acid levels was detected surprisingly late, 1-2 h after the ischemia. CONCLUSION We investigated the earliest changes in metabolites of patients undergoing brief myocardial ischemia and found that ischemia led to changes throughout the lipid metabolism as early as 15 min post-intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Bo Hasselbalch
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Cardiology Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls vej 1, Herlev, DK-2730, Denmark.
| | - Jonas Henrik Kristensen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nina Strandkjær
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Jørgensen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Malmendal
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kasper Karmark Iversen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Association of Advanced Lipoprotein Subpopulation Profiles with Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020487. [PMID: 36675414 PMCID: PMC9864672 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma lipoproteins exist as several subpopulations with distinct particle number and size that are not fully reflected in the conventional lipid panel. In this study, we sought to quantify lipoprotein subpopulations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to determine whether specific lipoprotein subpopulations are associated with insulin resistance and inflammation markers. The study included 57 patients with T2DM (age, 61.14 ± 9.99 years; HbA1c, 8.66 ± 1.60%; mean body mass index, 35.15 ± 6.65 kg/m2). Plasma lipoprotein particles number and size were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Associations of different lipoprotein subpopulations with lipoprotein insulin resistance (LPIR) score and glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA) were assessed using multi-regression analysis. In stepwise regression analysis, VLDL and HDL large particle number and size showed the strongest associations with LPIR (R2 = 0.960; p = 0.0001), whereas the concentrations of the small VLDL and HDL particles were associated with GlycA (R2 = 0.190; p = 0.008 and p = 0.049, respectively). In adjusted multi-regression analysis, small and large VLDL particles and all sizes of lipoproteins independently predicted LPIR, whereas only the number of small LDL particles predicted GlycA. Conventional markers HbA1c and Hs-CRP did not exhibit any significant association with lipoprotein subpopulations. Our data suggest that monitoring insulin resistance-induced changes in lipoprotein subpopulations in T2DM might help to identify novel biomarkers that can be useful for effective clinical intervention.
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Ahamad Bustamam MS, Pantami HA, Shaari K, Min CC, Mediani A, Ismail IS. Immunomodulatory effects of Isochrysis galbana incorporated diet on Oreochromis sp. (red hybrid tilapia) via Sera- 1H NMR metabolomics study. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108455. [PMID: 36464078 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tilapia is one of the most common fish species that is intensively produced all over the world. However, significant measures at improving aquaculture health must be taken since disease outbreaks are often encountered in the rapidly developing aquaculture industry. Therefore, the objective of the study was designed to evaluate the metabolite changes in tilapia' sera through 1H NMR metabolomics in identifying the potential biomarkers responsible for immunomodulatory effect by the indigenous species of Malaysian microalgae Isochrysis galbana (IG). The results showed that IG-incorporated diet mainly at 5.0% has improved the immune response of innate immunity as observed in serum bactericidal activity (SBA) and serum lysozyme activity (SLA). The orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) analysis indicated 5 important metabolites significantly upregulated namely as ethanol, lipoprotein, lipid, α-glucose and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) in the 5.0% IG-incorporated diet compared to control. In conclusion, this study had successfully determined IG in improving aquaculture health through its potential use as an immune modulator. This work also demonstrated the effective use of metabolomics approach in the development of alternative nutritious diet from microalgae species to boost fish health in fulfilling the aquaculture's long-term goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Safwan Ahamad Bustamam
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamza Ahmed Pantami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P.M.B 127, Gombe State University, Nigeria
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chong Chou Min
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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8
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Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the two major analytical platforms in the field of metabolomics, the other being mass spectrometry (MS). NMR is less sensitive than MS and hence it detects a relatively small number of metabolites. However, NMR exhibits numerous unique characteristics including its high reproducibility and non-destructive nature, its ability to identify unknown metabolites definitively, and its capabilities to obtain absolute concentrations of all detected metabolites, sometimes even without an internal standard. These characteristics outweigh the relatively low sensitivity and resolution of NMR in metabolomics applications. Since biological mixtures are highly complex, increased demand for new methods to improve detection, better identify unknown metabolites, and provide more accurate quantitation continues unabated. Technological and methodological advances to date have helped to improve the resolution and sensitivity and detection of a larger number of metabolite signals. Efforts focused on measuring unknown metabolite signals have resulted in the identification and quantitation of an expanded pool of metabolites including labile metabolites such as cellular redox coenzymes, energy coenzymes, and antioxidants. This chapter describes quantitative NMR methods in metabolomics with an emphasis on recent methodological developments, while highlighting the benefits and challenges of NMR-based metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Nagana Gowda
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Ala-Korpela M, Zhao S, Järvelin MR, Mäkinen VP, Ohukainen P. Apt interpretation of comprehensive lipoprotein data in large-scale epidemiology: disclosure of fundamental structural and metabolic relationships. Int J Epidemiol 2022; 51:996-1011. [PMID: 34405869 PMCID: PMC9189959 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative lipoprotein analytics using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is currently commonplace in large-scale studies. One methodology has become widespread and is currently being utilized also in large biobanks. It allows the comprehensive characterization of 14 lipoprotein subclasses, clinical lipids, apolipoprotein A-I and B. The details of these data are conceptualized here in relation to lipoprotein metabolism with particular attention on the fundamental characteristics of subclass particle numbers, lipid concentrations and compositional measures. METHODS AND RESULTS The NMR methodology was applied to fasting serum samples from Northern Finland Birth Cohorts 1966 and 1986 with 5651 and 5605 participants, respectively. All results were highly consistent between the cohorts. Circulating lipid concentrations in a particular lipoprotein subclass arise predominantly as the result of the circulating number of those subclass particles. The spherical lipoprotein particle shape, with a radially oriented surface monolayer, imposes size-dependent biophysical constraints for the lipid composition of individual subclass particles and inherently restricts the accommodation of metabolic changes via compositional modifications. The new finding that the relationship between lipoprotein subclass particle concentrations and the particle size is log-linear reveals that circulating lipoprotein particles are also under rather strict metabolic constraints for both their absolute and relative concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The fundamental structural and metabolic relationships between lipoprotein subclasses elucidated in this study empower detailed interpretation of lipoprotein metabolism. Understanding the intricate details of these extensive data is important for the precise interpretation of novel therapeutic opportunities and for fully utilizing the potential of forthcoming analyses of genetic and metabolic data in large biobanks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ala-Korpela
- Corresponding author. Computational Medicine, Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. E-mail:
| | - Siyu Zhao
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK
| | - Ville-Petteri Mäkinen
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pauli Ohukainen
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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10
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Algaba-Chueca F, Maymó-Masip E, Ballesteros M, Guarque A, Majali-Martínez A, Freixes O, Amigó N, Fernández-Veledo S, Vendrell J, Megía A. Cord Blood Advanced Lipoprotein Testing Reveals an Interaction between Gestational Diabetes and Birth-Weight and Suggests a New Early Biomarker of Infant Obesity. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051033. [PMID: 35625770 PMCID: PMC9138640 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal lipid metabolism is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and is observed in neonates with abnormal fetal growth. However, the underlying specific changes in the lipoprotein profile remain poorly understood. Thus, in the present study we used a novel nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based approach to profile the umbilical cord serum lipoproteins. Two-dimensional diffusion-ordered 1H-NMR spectroscopy showed that size, lipid content, number and concentration of particles within their subclasses were similar between offspring born to control (n = 74) and GDM (n = 62) mothers. Subsequent data stratification according to newborn birth-weight categories, i.e., small (n = 39), appropriate (n = 50) or large (n = 49) for gestational age (SGA, AGA and LGA, respectively), showed an interaction between GDM and birth-weight categories for intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL)-cholesterol content and IDL- and low-density lipoproteins (LDL)-triglyceride content, and the number of medium very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and LDL particles specifically in AGA neonates. Moreover, in a 2-year follow-up study, we observed that small LDL particles were independently associated with offspring obesity at 2 years (n = 103). Collectively, our data demonstrate that GDM disturbs triglyceride and cholesterol lipoprotein content across birth-weight categories, with AGA neonates born to GDM mothers displaying a profile more similar to that of adults with dyslipidemia. Furthermore, an altered fetal lipoprotein pattern was associated with the development of obesity at 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Algaba-Chueca
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (F.A.-C.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.); (S.F.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departament of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Elsa Maymó-Masip
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (F.A.-C.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.); (S.F.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mónica Ballesteros
- Departament of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Albert Guarque
- Departament of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Olga Freixes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (F.A.-C.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.); (S.F.-V.)
| | - Núria Amigó
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departament of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Biosfer Teslab SL Plaça del Prim, 10 2on 5a, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (F.A.-C.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.); (S.F.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departament of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (F.A.-C.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.); (S.F.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departament of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.V.); (A.M.); Tel.: +34-977-29-58-00 (A.M.)
| | - Ana Megía
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research Unit, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (F.A.-C.); (E.M.-M.); (O.F.); (S.F.-V.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departament of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
- Correspondence: (J.V.); (A.M.); Tel.: +34-977-29-58-00 (A.M.)
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11
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Yamashita S, Okazaki M, Okada T, Masuda D, Yokote K, Arai H, Araki E, Ishibashi S. Distinct Differences in Lipoprotein Particle Number Evaluation between GP-HPLC and NMR: Analysis in Dyslipidemic Patients Administered a Selective PPARα Modulator, Pemafibrate. J Atheroscler Thromb 2021; 28:974-996. [PMID: 33536398 PMCID: PMC8532064 DOI: 10.5551/jat.60764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:
We established a method to evaluate the lipid concentrations, size and particle numbers (PNs) of lipoprotein subclasses by gel permeation chromatography (GP-HPLC). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is widely used to analyze these parameters of lipoprotein subclasses, but differences of the two methods are unknown. Current study compared the PNs of each lipoprotein subclass measured by GP-HPLC and NMR, and assessed the effect of a selective PPARα modulator, pemafibrate.
Methods:
Lipoprotein profiles of 212 patients with dyslipidemia who participated in the phase 2 clinical trial of a selective PPARα modulator, pemafibrate, were analyzed by two methods, GP-HPLC and NMR, which were performed with LipoSEARCH (Skylight Biotech) and LipoProfile 3 (LabCorp), respectively. GP-HPLC evaluated the PNs of 18 subclasses, consisting of CM, VLDL1-5, LDL1-6, and HDL1-6. NMR evaluated the PNs of 9 subclasses, consisting of large VLDL & CM, medium VLDL, small VLDL, IDL, large LDL, small LDL, large HDL, medium HDL and small HDL.
Results:
Three major classes, total CM&VLDL, total LDL and total HDL were obtained by grouping of corresponding subclasses in both methods and PNs of these classes analyzed by GP-HPLC were correlated positively with those by NMR. The correlation coefficients in total CM&VLDL, total LDL and total HDL between GP-HPLC and NMR was 0.658, 0.863 and 0.798 (all
p
<0.0001), respectively. The PNs of total CM&VLDL, total LDL and total HDL analyzed by GP-HPLC was 249.5±51.7nM, 1,679±359 nM and 13,273±1,564 nM, respectively, while those by NMR was 124.6±41.8 nM, 1,514±386 nM and 31,161±4,839 nM, respectively. A marked difference in the PNs between the two methods was demonstrated especially in total HDL.
The number of apolipoprotein (Apo) B molecule per one ApoB-containing lipoprotein particle, total CM&VLDL plus total LDL, was 1.10±0.05 by GP-HPLC, while 1.32±0.18 by NMR. The number of ApoA-I per one HDL particle was 3.40±0.17 by GP-HPLC, but only 1.46±0.15 by NMR, much less than reported previously. From the phase 2 clinical trial, randomizing 212 patients to pemafibrate 0.025-0.2 mg BID, fenofibrate 100 mg QD, or placebo groups, pemafibrate reduced the PNs of CM, large VLDL1-VLDL3 and medium VLDL4, but not small VLDL5 by GP-HPLC. It significantly decreased the PNs of smaller LDL and larger HDL particles, but increased those of larger LDL and smaller HDL particles. In contrast, NMR showed marked variations in the effect of pemafibrate on lipoprotein PNs, and no significant size-dependent changes. Conclusions:
GP-HPLC evaluates the lipoprotein PNs more accurately than NMR and can be used for assessing the effects of lipid-lowering drugs on lipoprotein subclasses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takeshi Okada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University
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12
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Cabré N, Gil M, Amigó N, Luciano-Mateo F, Baiges-Gaya G, Fernández-Arroyo S, Rodríguez-Tomàs E, Hernández-Aguilera A, Castañé H, París M, Sabench F, Del Castillo D, Camps J, Joven J. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy alters 1H-NMR-measured lipoprotein and glycoprotein profile in patients with severe obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1343. [PMID: 33446705 PMCID: PMC7809416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with morbid obesity frequently present non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) associated with pro-atherogenic alterations. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an effective treatment for weight reduction, and for the remission of hepatic alterations. Using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), we investigated the effects of LSG on lipoprotein and glycoprotein profile in patients with morbid obesity and liver disease. We included 154 patients with morbid obesity (49 non-NASH, 54 uncertain NASH, 51 definite NASH). A blood sample was obtained before surgery and, in patients with definite NASH, one year after surgery. Patients with NASH had increased concentrations of medium and small VLDL particles, VLDL and IDL cholesterol concentrations, IDL, LDL, and HDL triglyceride concentrations, and elevated glycoprotein levels. These changes were more marked in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. LSG produced significant decreases in the concentration of VLDL particles, VLDL cholesterol and triglycerides, an increase in the concentration LDL particles and LDL cholesterol concentrations, and a decrease in protein glycation. We conclude that patients with obesity and NASH had significant alterations in circulating levels of lipoproteins and glycoproteins that were associated with the severity of the disease. Most of these changes were reversed post-LSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Cabré
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Míriam Gil
- Biosfer Teslab, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Universitat 1, 43204, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- Biosfer Teslab, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Universitat 1, 43204, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fedra Luciano-Mateo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gerard Baiges-Gaya
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Helena Castañé
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marta París
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Doctor Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fàtima Sabench
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Doctor Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Daniel Del Castillo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Doctor Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain. .,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Jorge Joven
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain. .,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica (URB-CRB), Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan S/N, 43201, Reus, Tarragona, Spain. .,The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain.
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13
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Nuclear magnetic resonance reveals postprandial low-density lipoprotein cholesterol determined by enzymatic method could be a misleading indicator. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 514:59-65. [PMID: 33333042 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is markedly reduced after a meal. Does postprandial cholesterol in LDL truly decline via clearance of LDL particles or is there simply a redistribution of cholesterol in LDL subclasses? Thus, we sought to evaluate whether postprandial decline of LDL-C reflects a reduction of LDL particle and to assess the correlation between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) concentration and postprandial atherogenic lipoproteins profile. METHODS Eighty-seven persons were enrolled in this study. We measured lipid profiles by enzymatic and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based methods and serum PCSK9 concentration by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays before and after a meal. Plasma samples were collected after a 10-h fasting and 2 and 4 h post-meal. RESULTS Compared to the fasting status, there was significant postprandial decline of LDL-C measured enzymatically (LDL-Ce) at 2nd and 4th h [99.38 (80.43, 120.65) vs 95.51 (74.25, 117.17) vs 87.01 (69.99, 108.28) mg/dl, p < 0.000]. But there was no significant reduction in LDL particle and its cholesterol content (LDL-Cn) determined by NMR. Just the postprandial large LDL particle [186.45 (151.36, 229.42) vs 176.92 (147.43, 220.91) vs 181.77 (149.05, 224.17), p < 0.000] and its cholesterol content [19.10 (15.09, 22.37) vs 18.28 (14.59, 21.84) vs 17.79 (14.62, 22.14), p < 0.000] were greatly decreased at 2nd and 4th h compared to the fasting one. Interestingly, postprandial serum PCSK9 was decreased at 2nd and 4th h compared with fasting concentration [298.75 (233.25, 396.92) vs 257.34 (207.52, 342.36) vs 250.57 (215.02, 339.66) ng/ml, p < 0.000]. The postprandial percent decrease in serum PCSK9 at 4th h was positively correlated to the percent decline in postprandial LDL-Ce (r = 0.252, p = 0.019) but was independently associated with the percent increase in remnant cholesterol (r = 0.262, p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Postprandial decline of LDL-C determined enzymatically was not confirmed by NMR-based methods. Indeed, there exists cholesterol redistribution in LDL subclasses following a meal. The decrease of postprandial PCSK9 may be secondary to the increase in intrahepatic lipids following food intake.
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14
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Amor AJ, Castelblanco E, Hernández M, Gimenez M, Granado-Casas M, Blanco J, Soldevila B, Esmatjes E, Conget I, Alonso N, Ortega E, Mauricio D. Advanced lipoprotein profile disturbances in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a focus on LDL particles. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:126. [PMID: 32772924 PMCID: PMC7416413 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipoprotein disturbances have been associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We assessed the advanced lipoprotein profile in T1DM individuals, and analysed differences with non-diabetic counterparts. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 508 adults with T1DM and 347 controls, recruited from institutions in a Mediterranean region of Spain. Conventional and advanced (assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] spectroscopy) lipoprotein profiles were analysed. Crude and adjusted (by age, sex, statin use, body mass index and leukocyte count) comparisons were performed. Results The median (interquartile range) age of the study participants was 45 (38–53) years, 48.2% were men. In the T1DM group, the median diabetes duration was 23 (16–31) years, and 8.1% and 40.2% of individuals had nephropathy and retinopathy, respectively. The proportion of participants with hypertension (29.5 vs. 9.2%), and statin use (45.7% vs. 8.1%) was higher in the T1DM vs. controls (p < 0.001). The T1DM group had a better conventional (all parameters, p < 0.001) and NMR-lipid profile than the control group. Thus, T1DM individuals showed lower concentrations of atherogenic lipoproteins (VLDL-particles and LDL-particles) and higher concentrations of anti-atherogenic lipoproteins (HDL-particles) vs. controls, even after adjusting for several confounders (p < 0.001 for all). While non-diabetic women had a more favourable lipid profile than non-diabetic men, women with T1DM had a similar concentration of LDL-particles compared to men with T1DM (1231 [1125–1383] vs. 1257 [1128–1383] nmol/L, p = 0.849), and a similar concentration of small-LDL-particles to non-diabetic women (672.8 [614.2–733.9] vs. 671.2 [593.5–761.4] nmol/L, respectively; p = 0.790). Finally, T1DM individuals showed higher discrepancies between NMR-LDL-particles and conventional LDL-cholesterol than non-diabetic subjects (prevalence of LDL-cholesterol < 100 mg/dL & LDL-particles > 1000 nmol/L: 38 vs. 21.2%; p < 0.001). All these differences were largely unchanged in participants without lipid-lowering drugs (T1DM, n = 275; controls, n = 317). Conclusions Overall, T1DM participants showed a more favourable conventional and NMR-lipid profile than controls. However, the NMR-assessment identified several lipoprotein derangements in LDL-particles among the T1DM population (higher discrepancies in NMR-LDL-particles vs. conventional LDL-cholesterol; a worse profile in T1DM women) that were overlooked in the conventional analysis. Further studies are needed to elucidate their role in the development of CVD in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Amor
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Castelblanco
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d'Investigació Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.,DAP-Cat Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08006, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Hernández
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova & Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Lleida (IRB Lleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Marga Gimenez
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Minerva Granado-Casas
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d'Investigació Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,DAP-Cat Group, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08006, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida & University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jesús Blanco
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Soldevila
- Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Institute & University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Enric Esmatjes
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Conget
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Alonso
- Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Institute & University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Diabetes Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut d'investigacions biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain. .,Center for Biomedical Research on Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Didac Mauricio
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d'Investigació Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain. .,Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida & University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
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15
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Starich MR, Tang J, Remaley AT, Tjandra N. Squeezing lipids: NMR characterization of lipoprotein particles under pressure. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 228:104874. [PMID: 31978380 PMCID: PMC7232691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Determining the particle size and number of lipoprotein components found in blood plasma (HDL, LDL and VLDL) has become an important clinical tool in diagnosing risk of cardiovascular disease. Proton (1H) NMR spectroscopy methods to quantify lipoprotein particle subclasses have been advancing since NMR lineshape analysis of plasma samples was first proposed in the 1990's. NMR methods, including a more recent DOSY-based diffusion spectroscopy test, provide the foundation for the advanced lipoprotein tests, including Lipoprotein® and Liposcale® analyses available for clinical use to determine particle size and number. At the time of this submission, no NMR studies exist which explore physical parameters of individual lipoprotein fractions when they are deformed by pressure. This study reports 1H NMR frequency shifts and T2* measurements for the broad methyl peak attributed to terminal methyls (cholesteryl positions 26, 27 and terminal acyl methyl groups) in three primary lipoprotein fractions as a function of hydraulic pressure. This terminal CH3 resonance shifted linearly upfield as a function of pressure for HDL and VLDL (observed slopes of -0.014 Hz/bar). The LDL terminal CH3 resonance shows segmented behavior, with a shallow slope between 0-900 bar (-0.008 hz/bar) and a slope similar to HDL and VDL across the range from 1000 to 2400 bar (slope -0.016 Hz/bar). 1H T2* values measured for VLDL and HDL dropped linearly with increasing pressure. 1H T2* values for LDL demonstrated segmented behavior as a function of pressure. The unique behavior observed for LDL terminal CH3 frequency and 1H T2* trends suggests an approximate pressure at which phase transition occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Starich
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jingrong Tang
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nico Tjandra
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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16
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Fuertes-Martín R, Correig X, Vallvé JC, Amigó N. Title: Human Serum/Plasma Glycoprotein Analysis by 1H-NMR, an Emerging Method of Inflammatory Assessment. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E354. [PMID: 32012794 PMCID: PMC7073769 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest that variations in the concentration of plasma glycoproteins can influence cellular changes in a large number of diseases. In recent years, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) has played a major role as an analytical tool for serum and plasma samples. In recent years, there is an increasing interest in the characterization of glycoproteins through 1H-NMR in order to search for reliable and robust biomarkers of disease. The objective of this review was to examine the existing studies in the literature related to the study of glycoproteins from an analytical and clinical point of view. There are currently several techniques to characterize circulating glycoproteins in serum or plasma, but in this review, we focus on 1H-NMR due to its great robustness and recent interest in its translation to the clinical setting. In fact, there is already a marker in H-NMR representing the acetyl groups of the glycoproteins, GlycA, which has been increasingly studied in clinical studies. A broad search of the literature was performed showing a general consensus that GlycA is a robust marker of systemic inflammation. The results also suggested that GlycA better captures systemic inflammation even more than C-reactive protein (CRP), a widely used classical inflammatory marker. The applications reviewed here demonstrated that GlycA was potentially a key biomarker in a wide range of diseases such as cancer, metabolic diseases, cardiovascular risk, and chronic inflammatory diseases among others. The profiling of glycoproteins through 1H-NMR launches an encouraging new paradigm for its future incorporation in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Fuertes-Martín
- Biosfer Teslab SL, 43201 Reus, Spain; (R.F.-M.); (N.A.)
- Metabolomic s platform, IISPV, CIBERDEM, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig
- Metabolomic s platform, IISPV, CIBERDEM, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joan-Carles Vallvé
- Metabolomic s platform, IISPV, CIBERDEM, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Lipids and Arteriosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan de Reus University Hospital, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Núria Amigó
- Biosfer Teslab SL, 43201 Reus, Spain; (R.F.-M.); (N.A.)
- Metabolomic s platform, IISPV, CIBERDEM, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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17
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Kokova D, Verhoeven A, Perina EA, Ivanov VV, Knyazeva EM, Saltykova IV, Mayboroda OA. Plasma metabolomics of the time resolved response to Opisthorchis felineus infection in an animal model (golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008015. [PMID: 31978047 PMCID: PMC7002010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Opisthorchiasis is a hepatobiliary disease caused by flukes of the trematode family Opisthorchiidae. Opisthorchiasis can lead to severe hepatobiliary morbidity and is classified as a carcinogenic agent. Here we investigate the time-resolved metabolic response to Opisthorchis felineus infection in an animal model. Methodology Thirty golden hamsters were divided in three groups: severe infection (50 metacercariae/hamster), mild infection (15 metacercariae/hamster) and uninfected (vehicle-PBS) groups. Each group consisted of equal number of male and female animals. Plasma samples were collected one day before the infection and then every two weeks up to week 22 after infection. The samples were subjected to 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and multivariate statistical modelling. Principal findings The time-resolved study of the metabolic response to Opisthorchis infection in plasma in the main lines agrees with our previous report on urine data. The response reaches its peak around the 4th week of infection and stabilizes after the 10th week. Yet, unlike the urinary data there is no strong effect of the gender in the data and the intensity of infection is presented in the first two principal components of the PCA model. The main trends of the metabolic response to the infection in blood plasma are the transient depletion of essential amino acids and an increase in lipoprotein and cholesterol concentrations. Conclusions The time resolved metabolic signature of Opisthorchis infection in the hamster’s plasma shows a coherent shift in amino acids and lipid metabolism. Our work provides insight into the metabolic basis of the host response on the helminth infection. Opisthorchiasis is a parasitic infection caused by liver flukes of the Opisthorchiidae family. The liver fluke infection triggers development of hepatobiliary pathologies such as chronic forms of cholecystitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, and cholelithiasis and increases the risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This manuscript is the second part of our outgoing project dedicated to a comprehensive description of the metabolic response to opisthorchiasis (more specifically Opisthorchis felineus) in an animal model. We show that the metabolic response in blood plasma is unfolding according to the same scenario as in urine, reaching its peak at the 4th week and stabilizing after the 10th week post-infection. Yet, unlike the response described in urine, the observed metabolic response in plasma is less gender specific. Moreover, the biochemical basis of the detected response in blood plasma is restricted to the remodeling of the lipid metabolism and the transient depletion of essential amino acids. Together with our first manuscript this report forms the first systematic description of the metabolic response on opisthorchiasis in an animal model using two easily accessible biofluids. Thus, this contribution provides novel results and fills an information gap still existing in the analytically driven characterization of the “Siberian liver fluke”, Opisthorchis felineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Kokova
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of clinical metabolomics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Aswin Verhoeven
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina A. Perina
- Central Research Laboratory Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir V. Ivanov
- Central Research Laboratory Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Elena M. Knyazeva
- School of Core Engineering Education, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V. Saltykova
- Central Research Laboratory Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg A. Mayboroda
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Llauradó G, Amigó N, Cano A, Ballesta S, Albert L, Mazarico I, Fernández-Veledo S, Pedro-Botet J, Vendrell J, González-Clemente JM. Specific Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Lipoprotein Subclass Profiles and Central Arterial Stiffness in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Control Study. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111875. [PMID: 31694246 PMCID: PMC6912486 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dyslipidemia has been associated with vascular complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We examined the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-assessed lipoprotein subclass profiles in subjects with T1DM compared with those of healthy subjects and assessed the potential relationship of these profiles with arterial stiffness. Methods: Eighty-four participants with T1DM of at least 10 years duration and no clinical cardiovascular disease (age: 35–65 years; 50% men) and 42 healthy participants were evaluated for: (1) clinical and anthropometric data (including classical cardiovascular risk factors), (2) insulin sensitivity by estimated glucose disposal rate, (3) microvascular complications, (4) NMR-assessed lipoprotein subclass profile, and (5) arterial stiffness (aortic pulse wave velocity). Results: Participants with T1DM had an apparently better conventional lipid profile than healthy participants, but with significant differences in NMR-assessed lipoprotein profiles such as higher triglyceride content of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In healthy participants, arterial stiffness was associated with NMR-based LDL subclasses. By contrast, in T1DM participants, arterial stiffness was independently associated mainly with NMR-based very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) subclasses: positively with total VLDL particles (and subclasses) and VLDL triglyceride content, and negatively with LDL and HDL particle sizes. These results were maintained after adjustments for classical cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: Subjects with T1DM, while having an apparently better conventional lipid profile than healthy controls, presented significant alterations in their NMR-assessed lipoprotein profile. The association between arterial stiffness and NMR-assessed lipoprotein profiles also differed in both groups. These results support a potential role of the identified differences in the residual cardiovascular risk in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Llauradó
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Pg. Marítim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (J.P.-B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas; (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 8029 Madrid, Spain; (S.F.-V.); (J.V.)
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (J.-M.G.-C.); Tel.: +34-93-248-30-00 (G.L.); + 34-93-745-84-12 (J.-M.G.-C.)
| | - Núria Amigó
- Metabolomics Platform IISPV, CIBERDEM. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Bisofer Teslab Plaça del Prim 10, 43201 Reus, Spain;
| | - Albert Cano
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital de Sabadell. Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT) (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Parc Taulí s/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (A.C.); (L.A.); (I.M.)
| | - Silvia Ballesta
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Pg. Marítim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (J.P.-B.)
| | - Lara Albert
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital de Sabadell. Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT) (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Parc Taulí s/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (A.C.); (L.A.); (I.M.)
| | - Isabel Mazarico
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital de Sabadell. Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT) (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Parc Taulí s/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (A.C.); (L.A.); (I.M.)
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas; (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 8029 Madrid, Spain; (S.F.-V.); (J.V.)
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona. Institut d’Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili (IISPV). Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro-Botet
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Pg. Marítim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.B.); (J.P.-B.)
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas; (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 8029 Madrid, Spain; (S.F.-V.); (J.V.)
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona. Institut d’Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili (IISPV). Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Dr. Mallafré Guasch 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain
| | - José-Miguel González-Clemente
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas; (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 8029 Madrid, Spain; (S.F.-V.); (J.V.)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital de Sabadell. Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT) (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Parc Taulí s/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (A.C.); (L.A.); (I.M.)
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (J.-M.G.-C.); Tel.: +34-93-248-30-00 (G.L.); + 34-93-745-84-12 (J.-M.G.-C.)
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19
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Wang F, Debik J, Andreassen T, Euceda LR, Haukaas TH, Cannet C, Schäfer H, Bathen TF, Giskeødegård GF. Effect of Repeated Freeze–Thaw Cycles on NMR-Measured Lipoproteins and Metabolites in Biofluids. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3681-3688. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leslie R. Euceda
- Camo Analytics, Oslo Science Park, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tonje H. Haukaas
- SINTEF Industry, Richard Birkelands vei 3, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Claire Cannet
- Bruker Biospin GmbH, Silberstreifen, 76287 Rheinstetten, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schäfer
- Bruker Biospin GmbH, Silberstreifen, 76287 Rheinstetten, Germany
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20
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A third of nonfasting plasma cholesterol is in remnant lipoproteins: Lipoprotein subclass profiling in 9293 individuals. Atherosclerosis 2019; 286:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Klein CF, Holle SLK, Andersen MH, Pedersen A, Bundgaard H, Iversen KK, Malmendal A. In-hospital metabolite changes in infective endocarditis-a longitudinal 1H NMR-based study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:1553-1560. [PMID: 31119577 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03586-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of infective endocarditis (IE) is a 4-6-week provided course of intravenously administered antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate how serum metabolites as measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy are changing over time during the active phase of IE, and to see whether these metabolite changes might be used to monitor recovery in these patients. Patients hospitalized with first-time IE at Herlev Hospital, Denmark, from September 2015 to June 2017 were included. Longitudinal blood sampling was performed and serum was analyzed using 1H NMR. Orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to separate sample groups and analyze differences in metabolite profiles. Thirteen patients were included in the study (77% men, median age 62 years (IQR 53-77)). All patients were cured during the hospitalization without any relapse during 6 months of follow-up. We analyzed 61 serum samples (median 5 samples, range 2-8 per person) drawn in the treatment period after IE diagnosis. The main changes during the in-hospital period were decreased levels of glucose, mannose, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and signals from polyols and N-acetylated protein. The metabolomic changes could in contrast to the routinely used parameters CRP and leucocyte levels distinguish between the early and late stages of disease treatment. We present the first longitudinal study of 1H NMR metabolomics in patients with infective endocarditis. The metabolomic changes show a promising strength compared to routinely used clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Falk Klein
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
| | | | - Malene Højgaard Andersen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Anders Pedersen
- The Swedish NMR Centre, University of Gothenburg, Hasselbladlaboratoriet, Medicinaregatan 5C, 41390, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Copenhagen Health Science Partners, 2200, København, Denmark
| | - Kasper Karmark Iversen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.,Copenhagen Health Science Partners, 2200, København, Denmark
| | - Anders Malmendal
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden.
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22
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Kuusisto S, Holmes MV, Ohukainen P, Kangas AJ, Karsikas M, Tiainen M, Perola M, Salomaa V, Kettunen J, Ala-Korpela M. Direct Estimation of HDL-Mediated Cholesterol Efflux Capacity from Serum. Clin Chem 2019; 65:1042-1050. [PMID: 30996052 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.299222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity (HDL-CEC) is a functional attribute that may have a protective role in atherogenesis. However, the estimation of HDL-CEC is based on in vitro cell assays that are laborious and hamper large-scale phenotyping. METHODS Here, we present a cost-effective high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy method to estimate HDL-CEC directly from serum. We applied the new method in a population-based study of 7603 individuals including 574 who developed incident coronary heart disease (CHD) during 15 years of follow-up, making this the largest quantitative study for HDL-CEC. RESULTS As estimated by NMR-spectroscopy, a 1-SD higher HDL-CEC was associated with a lower risk of incident CHD (hazards ratio, 0.86; 95%CI, 0.79-0.93, adjusted for traditional risk factors and HDL-C). These findings are consistent with published associations based on in vitro cell assays. CONCLUSIONS These corroborative large-scale findings provide further support for a potential protective role of HDL-CEC in CHD and substantiate this new method and its future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Kuusisto
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Michael V Holmes
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pauli Ohukainen
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Mari Karsikas
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Markus Perola
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland; .,NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Systems Epidemiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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23
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Barba I, Andrés M, Garcia-Dorado D. Metabolomics and Heart Diseases: From Basic to Clinical Approach. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:46-59. [PMID: 28990507 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666171006151408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The field of metabolomics has been steadily increasing in size for the last 15 years. Advances in analytical and statistical methods have allowed metabolomics to flourish in various areas of medicine. Cardiovascular diseases are some of the main research targets in metabolomics, due to their social and medical relevance, and also to the important role metabolic alterations play in their pathogenesis and evolution. Metabolomics has been applied to the full spectrum of cardiovascular diseases: from patient risk stratification to myocardial infarction and heart failure. However - despite the many proof-ofconcept studies describing the applicability of metabolomics in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment evaluation in cardiovascular diseases - it is not yet used in routine clinical practice. Recently, large phenome centers have been established in clinical environments, and it is expected that they will provide definitive proof of the applicability of metabolomics in clinical practice. But there is also room for small and medium size centers to work on uncommon pathologies or to resolve specific but relevant clinical questions. OBJECTIVES In this review, we will introduce metabolomics, cover the metabolomic work done so far in the area of cardiovascular diseases. CONCLUSION The cardiovascular field has been at the forefront of metabolomics application and it should lead the transfer to the clinic in the not so distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Barba
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Andrés
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Garcia-Dorado
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
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Redefining environmental exposure for disease etiology. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2018; 4:30. [PMID: 30181901 PMCID: PMC6119193 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-018-0065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Etiological studies of human exposures to environmental factors typically rely on low-throughput methods that target only a few hundred chemicals or mixtures. In this Perspectives article, I outline how environmental exposure can be defined by the blood exposome—the totality of chemicals circulating in blood. The blood exposome consists of chemicals derived from both endogenous and exogenous sources. Endogenous chemicals are represented by the human proteome and metabolome, which establish homeostatic networks of functional molecules. Exogenous chemicals arise from diet, vitamins, drugs, pathogens, microbiota, pollution, and lifestyle factors, and can be measured in blood as subsets of the proteome, metabolome, metals, macromolecular adducts, and foreign DNA and RNA. To conduct ‘exposome-wide association studies’, blood samples should be obtained prospectively from subjects—preferably at critical stages of life—and then analyzed in incident disease cases and matched controls to find discriminating exposures. Results from recent metabolomic investigations of archived blood illustrate our ability to discover potentially causal exposures with current technologies.
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Association of circulating metabolites with healthy diet and risk of cardiovascular disease: analysis of two cohort studies. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8620. [PMID: 29872056 PMCID: PMC5988716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26441-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet may modify metabolomic profiles towards higher or lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to identify metabolite profiles associated with high adherence to dietary recommendations - the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) - and the extent to which metabolites associated with AHEI also predict incident CVD. Relations between AHEI score and 80 circulating lipids and metabolites, quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics, were examined using linear regression models in the Whitehall II study (n = 4824, 55.9 ± 6.1 years, 28.0% women) and were replicated in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (n = 1716, 37.7 ± 5.0 years, 56.3% women). We used Cox models to study associations between metabolites and incident CVD over the 15.8-year follow-up in the Whitehall II study. After adjustment for confounders, higher AHEI score (indicating healthier diet) was associated with higher degree of unsaturation of fatty acids (FA) and higher ratios of polyunsaturated FA, omega-3 and docosahexaenoic acid relative to total FA in both Whitehall II and Young Finns studies. A concordance of associations of metabolites with higher AHEI score and lower CVD risk was observed in Whitehall II. Adherence to healthy diet seems to be associated with specific FA that reduce risk of CVD.
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy, and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death among men, worldwide. A major unsolved clinical challenge in prostate cancer is the ability to accurately distinguish indolent cancer types from the aggressive ones. Reprogramming of metabolism is now a widely accepted hallmark of cancer development, where cancer cells must be able to convert nutrients to biomass while maintaining energy production. Metabolomics is the large-scale study of small molecules, commonly known as metabolites, within cells, biofluids, tissues, or organisms. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is commonly applied in metabolomics studies of cancer. This chapter provides protocols for NMR-based metabolomics of cell cultures, biofluids (serum and urine), and intact tissue, with concurrent advice for optimal biobanking and sample preparation procedures.
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Würtz P, Kangas AJ, Soininen P, Lawlor DA, Davey Smith G, Ala-Korpela M. Quantitative Serum Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics in Large-Scale Epidemiology: A Primer on -Omic Technologies. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186:1084-1096. [PMID: 29106475 PMCID: PMC5860146 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Detailed metabolic profiling in large-scale epidemiologic studies has uncovered novel biomarkers for cardiometabolic diseases and clarified the molecular associations of established risk factors. A quantitative metabolomics platform based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has found widespread use, already profiling over 400,000 blood samples. Over 200 metabolic measures are quantified per sample; in addition to many biomarkers routinely used in epidemiology, the method simultaneously provides fine-grained lipoprotein subclass profiling and quantification of circulating fatty acids, amino acids, gluconeogenesis-related metabolites, and many other molecules from multiple metabolic pathways. Here we focus on applications of magnetic resonance metabolomics for quantifying circulating biomarkers in large-scale epidemiology. We highlight the molecular characterization of risk factors, use of Mendelian randomization, and the key issues of study design and analyses of metabolic profiling for epidemiology. We also detail how integration of metabolic profiling data with genetics can enhance drug development. We discuss why quantitative metabolic profiling is becoming widespread in epidemiology and biobanking. Although large-scale applications of metabolic profiling are still novel, it seems likely that comprehensive biomarker data will contribute to etiologic understanding of various diseases and abilities to predict disease risks, with the potential to translate into multiple clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Würtz
- Correspondence to Dr. Peter Würtz, Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aapistie 5A, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland (e-mail: ); or Dr. Mika Ala-Korpela, Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aapistie 5A, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland (e-mail: )
| | | | | | | | | | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Correspondence to Dr. Peter Würtz, Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aapistie 5A, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland (e-mail: ); or Dr. Mika Ala-Korpela, Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aapistie 5A, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland (e-mail: )
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Alexandri E, Ahmed R, Siddiqui H, Choudhary MI, Tsiafoulis CG, Gerothanassis IP. High Resolution NMR Spectroscopy as a Structural and Analytical Tool for Unsaturated Lipids in Solution. Molecules 2017; 22:E1663. [PMID: 28981459 PMCID: PMC6151582 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mono- and polyunsaturated lipids are widely distributed in Nature, and are structurally and functionally a diverse class of molecules with a variety of physicochemical, biological, medicinal and nutritional properties. High resolution NMR spectroscopic techniques including 1H-, 13C- and 31P-NMR have been successfully employed as a structural and analytical tool for unsaturated lipids. The objective of this review article is to provide: (i) an overview of the critical 1H-, 13C- and 31P-NMR parameters for structural and analytical investigations; (ii) an overview of various 1D and 2D NMR techniques that have been used for resonance assignments; (iii) selected analytical and structural studies with emphasis in the identification of major and minor unsaturated fatty acids in complex lipid extracts without the need for the isolation of the individual components; (iv) selected investigations of oxidation products of lipids; (v) applications in the emerging field of lipidomics; (vi) studies of protein-lipid interactions at a molecular level; (vii) practical considerations and (viii) an overview of future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Alexandri
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Raheel Ahmed
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Hina Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad I Choudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 214412, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Ioannis P Gerothanassis
- Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece.
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Aru V, Lam C, Khakimov B, Hoefsloot HC, Zwanenburg G, Lind MV, Schäfer H, van Duynhoven J, Jacobs DM, Smilde AK, Engelsen SB. Quantification of lipoprotein profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jacobs DM, Smolders L, Lin Y, de Roo N, Trautwein EA, van Duynhoven J, Mensink RP, Plat J, Mihaleva VV. Effect of Theobromine Consumption on Serum Lipoprotein Profiles in Apparently Healthy Humans with Low HDL-Cholesterol Concentrations. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:59. [PMID: 28971099 PMCID: PMC5609577 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Scope: Theobromine is a major active compound in cocoa with allegedly beneficial effect on high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-CH). We have investigated the effect of theobromine (TB) consumption on the concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CH) in various lipoprotein (LP) subclasses. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, 44 apparently healthy women and men (age: 60 ± 6 years, BMI: 29 ± 3 kg/m2) with low baseline HDL-CH concentrations consumed a drink supplemented with 500 mg/d theobromine for 4 weeks. TG and CH concentrations in 15 LP subclasses were predicted from diffusion-edited 1H NMR spectra of fasting serum. Results: The LP phenotype of the subjects was characterized by low CH concentrations in the large HDL particles and high TG concentrations in large VLDL and chylomicron (CM) particles, which clearly differed from a LP phenotype of subjects with normal HDL-CH. TB only reduced CH concentrations in the LDL particles by 3.64 and 6.79%, but had no effect on TG and CH in any of the HDL, VLDL and CM subclasses. Conclusion: TB was not effective on HDL-CH in subjects with a LP phenotype characterized by low HDL-CH and high TG in VLDL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lotte Smolders
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht UniversityMaastricht, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - John van Duynhoven
- Unilever R&DVlaardingen, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ronald P Mensink
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht UniversityMaastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht UniversityMaastricht, Netherlands
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31
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High-quality fish oil has a more favourable effect than oxidised fish oil on intermediate-density lipoprotein and LDL subclasses: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2017; 117:1291-1298. [PMID: 28558855 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517001167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fish oil (FO) supplementation reduces the risk of CVD. However, it is not known if FO of different qualities have different effects on lipoprotein subclasses in humans. We aimed at investigating the effects of oxidised FO and high-quality FO supplementation on lipoprotein subclasses and their lipid concentrations in healthy humans. In all, fifty-four subjects completed a double-blind randomised controlled intervention study. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive high-quality FO (n 17), oxidised FO (n 18) or high-oleic sunflower oil capsules (HOSO, n 19) for 7 weeks. The concentration of marine n-3 fatty acids was equal in high-quality FO and oxidised FO (1·6 g EPA+DHA/d). The peroxide value (PV) and anisidine value (AV) were 4 mEq/kg and 3 in high-quality FO and HOSO, whereas the PV and AV in the oxidised FO were 18 mEq/kg and 9. Blood samples were collected at baseline and end of study. NMR spectroscopy was applied for the analysis of lipoprotein subclasses and their lipid concentrations. High-quality FO reduced the concentration of intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) particles and large, medium and small LDL particles, as well as the concentrations of total lipids, phospholipids, total cholesterol, cholesteryl esters and free cholesterol in IDL and LDL subclasses compared with oxidised FO and HOSO. Hence, high-quality FO and oxidised FO differently affect lipid composition in lipoprotein subclasses, with a more favourable effect mediated by high-quality FO. In future trials, reporting the oxidation levels of FO would be useful.
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32
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Amor AJ, Pinyol M, Solà E, Catalan M, Cofán M, Herreras Z, Amigó N, Gilabert R, Sala-Vila A, Ros E, Ortega E. Relationship between noninvasive scores of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein abnormalities: A focus on atherogenic dyslipidemia. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:551-561.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Chandra R, Mellis B, Garza K, Hameed SA, Jurica JM, Hernandez AV, Nguyen MN, Mittal CK. Remnant lipoprotein size distribution profiling via dynamic light scattering analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 462:6-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ala-Korpela M, Davey Smith G. Metabolic profiling-multitude of technologies with great research potential, but (when) will translation emerge? Int J Epidemiol 2016; 45:1311-1318. [PMID: 27789667 PMCID: PMC5100630 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ala-Korpela
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland .,Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit and School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit and School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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35
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van Duynhoven JPM, Jacobs DM. Assessment of dietary exposure and effect in humans: The role of NMR. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 96:58-72. [PMID: 27573181 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In human nutritional science progress has always depended strongly on analytical measurements for establishing relationships between diet and health. This field has undergone significant changes as a result of the development of NMR and mass spectrometry methods for large scale detection, identification and quantification of metabolites in body fluids. This has allowed systematic studies of the metabolic fingerprints that biological processes leave behind, and has become the research field of metabolomics. As a metabolic profiling technique, NMR is at its best when its unbiased nature, linearity and reproducibility are exploited in well-controlled nutritional intervention and cross-sectional population screening studies. Although its sensitivity is less good than that of mass spectrometry, NMR has maintained a strong position in metabolomics through implementation of standardisation protocols, hyphenation with mass spectrometry and chromatographic techniques, accurate quantification and spectral deconvolution approaches, and high-throughput automation. Thus, NMR-based metabolomics has contributed uniquely to new insights into dietary exposure, in particular by unravelling the metabolic fates of phytochemicals and the discovery of dietary intake markers. NMR profiling has also contributed to the understanding of the subtle effects of diet on central metabolism and lipoprotein metabolism. In order to hold its ground in nutritional metabolomics, NMR will need to step up its performance in sensitivity and resolution; the most promising routes forward are the analytical use of dynamic nuclear polarisation and developments in microcoil construction and automated fractionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P M van Duynhoven
- Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, Olivier van Noortlaan 120, 3130AC Vlaardingen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Biophysics and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703HA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Doris M Jacobs
- Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, Olivier van Noortlaan 120, 3130AC Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
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36
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Yokoyama S. Gel Permeation HPLC Analysis Validates a Classical Spherical Space-filling Model for Lipoprotein Structure Opening Future Potential of the Technology. J Oleo Sci 2016; 65:263-4. [PMID: 27041511 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess16501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yokoyama
- Director of Nutritional Health Science Research Center and Professor of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Chubu University
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37
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Jang WG, Park JY, Lee J, Bang E, Kim SR, Lee EK, Yun HJ, Kang CM, Hwang GS. Investigation of relative metabolic changes in the organs and plasma of rats exposed to X-ray radiation using HR-MAS (1)H NMR and solution (1)H NMR. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:507-518. [PMID: 26871685 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Excess exposure to ionizing radiation generates reactive oxygen species and increases the cellular inflammatory response by modifying various metabolic pathways. However, an investigation of metabolic perturbations and organ-specific responses based on the amount of radiation during the acute phase has not been conducted. In this study, high-resolution magic-angle-spinning (HR-MAS) NMR and solution NMR-based metabolic profiling were used to investigate dose-dependent metabolic changes in multiple organs and tissues--including the jejunum, spleen, liver, and plasma--of rats exposed to X-ray radiation. The organs, tissues, and blood samples were obtained 24, 48, and 72 h after exposure to low-dose (2 Gy) and high-dose (6 Gy) X-ray radiation and subjected to metabolite profiling and multivariate analyses. The results showed the time course of the metabolic responses, and many significant changes were detected in the high-dose compared with the low-dose group. Metabolites with antioxidant properties showed acute responses in the jejunum and spleen after radiation exposure. The levels of metabolites related to lipid and protein metabolism were decreased in the jejunum. In addition, amino acid levels increased consistently at all post-irradiation time points as a consequence of activated protein breakdown. Consistent with these changes, plasma levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate metabolites decreased. The liver did not appear to undergo remarkable metabolic changes after radiation exposure. These results may provide insight into the major metabolic perturbations and mechanisms of the biological systems in response to pathophysiological damage caused by X-ray radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Gyo Jang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Park
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Bang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Ra Kim
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yun
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Amor AJ, Catalan M, Pérez A, Herreras Z, Pinyol M, Sala-Vila A, Cofán M, Gilabert R, Ros E, Ortega E. Nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein abnormalities in newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes and their association with preclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2016; 247:161-9. [PMID: 26921744 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherogenic dyslipidemia is common in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and predicts cardiovascular disease, but information on the association of its components with atherosclerosis is scarce. We aimed to assess differences in the lipoprotein profile in newly-diagnosed T2DM and matched control individuals and their associations with preclinical carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS In a case-control study, we evaluated lipoprotein profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and determined carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque presence (IMT ≥1.5 mm) by B-mode ultrasonography. RESULTS We assessed 96 T2DM patients (median age 63 years, 44% women, 19% smokers, 54% hypertension, 38% dyslipidemia) and 90 non-diabetic controls matched for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors. In T2DM VLDL-particles (mainly large and enriched in cholesterol and triglycerides) were increased, and large HDL-particles (enriched in triglycerides and depleted in cholesterol) were reduced (p < 0.05; all comparisons). Regarding associations with preclinical atherosclerosis, VLDL triglyceride content (odds ratio [OR], 8.975; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.330-34.576), total number of VLDL particles (OR, 2.713; CI, 1.601-4.598) and VLDL size (OR, 2.044; CI, 1.320-3.166), and the ratio cholesterol/triglycerides in HDL (OR, 0.638; CI, 0.477-0.852) were associated with plaque burden (≥3 plaques) independently of confounders, including conventional lipid levels. CONCLUSION NMR-assessed advanced lipoprotein profile identifies lipid abnormalities associated with newly-diagnosed T2DM and preclinical atherosclerosis that are not captured by the traditional lipid profile. At this early stage of diabetes, NMR lipoproteins could be useful to identify candidates for a more comprehensive cardiovascular risk prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Amor
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Catalan
- Consorcio de Atención Primaria del Eixample (CAPSE), Grup Transversal de Recerca en Atenció Primària, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red "Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas" (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Zoe Herreras
- Consorcio de Atención Primaria del Eixample (CAPSE), Grup Transversal de Recerca en Atenció Primària, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pinyol
- Consorcio de Atención Primaria del Eixample (CAPSE), Grup Transversal de Recerca en Atenció Primària, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Rosa Gilabert
- Vascular Unit, Centre de Diagnòstic per l'Imatge, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
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Okazaki M, Yamashita S. Recent Advances in Analytical Methods on Lipoprotein Subclasses: Calculation of Particle Numbers from Lipid Levels by Gel Permeation HPLC Using “Spherical Particle Model”. J Oleo Sci 2016; 65:265-82. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess16020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Rinku General Medical Center
- Department of Community Medicine & Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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40
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Winnard PT, Bharti SK, Penet MF, Marik R, Mironchik Y, Wildes F, Maitra A, Bhujwalla ZM. Detection of Pancreatic Cancer-Induced Cachexia Using a Fluorescent Myoblast Reporter System and Analysis of Metabolite Abundance. Cancer Res 2015; 76:1441-50. [PMID: 26719527 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The dire effects of cancer-induced cachexia undermine treatment and contribute to decreased survival rates. Therapeutic options for this syndrome are limited, and therefore efforts to identify signs of precachexia in cancer patients are necessary for early intervention. The applications of molecular and functional imaging that would enable a whole-body "holistic" approach to this problem may lead to new insights and advances for diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome. Here we have developed a myoblast optical reporter system with the purpose of identifying early cachectic events. We generated a myoblast cell line expressing a dual tdTomato:GFP construct that was grafted onto the muscle of mice-bearing human pancreatic cancer xenografts to provide noninvasive live imaging of events associated with cancer-induced cachexia (i.e., weight loss). Real-time optical imaging detected a strong tdTomato fluorescent signal from skeletal muscle grafts in mice with weight losses of only 1.2% to 2.7% and tumor burdens of only approximately 79 to 170 mm(3). Weight loss in cachectic animals was also associated with a depletion of lipid, cholesterol, valine, and alanine levels, which may provide informative biomarkers of cachexia. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the utility of a reporter system that is capable of tracking tumor-induced weight loss, an early marker of cachexia. Future studies incorporating resected tissue from human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma into a reporter-carrying mouse may be able to provide a risk assessment of cachexia, with possible implications for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Winnard
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Santosh K Bharti
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marie-France Penet
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Radharani Marik
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yelena Mironchik
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Flonne Wildes
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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41
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Soininen P, Kangas AJ, Würtz P, Suna T, Ala-Korpela M. Quantitative serum nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in cardiovascular epidemiology and genetics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:192-206. [PMID: 25691689 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 498] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is becoming common in epidemiology due to recent developments in quantitative profiling technologies and appealing results from their applications for understanding health and disease. Our team has developed an automated high-throughput serum NMR metabolomics platform that provides quantitative molecular data on 14 lipoprotein subclasses, their lipid concentrations and composition, apolipoprotein A-I and B, multiple cholesterol and triglyceride measures, albumin, various fatty acids as well as on numerous low-molecular-weight metabolites, including amino acids, glycolysis related measures and ketone bodies. The molar concentrations of these measures are obtained from a single serum sample with costs comparable to standard lipid measurements. We have analyzed almost 250 000 samples from around 100 epidemiological cohorts and biobanks and the new international set-up of multiple platforms will allow an annual throughput of more than 250 000 samples. The molecular data have been used to study type 1 and type 2 diabetes etiology as well as to characterize the molecular reflections of the metabolic syndrome, long-term physical activity, diet and lipoprotein metabolism. The results have revealed new biomarkers for early atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. We have also combined genomics and metabolomics in diverse studies. We envision that quantitative high-throughput NMR metabolomics will be incorporated as a routine in large biobanks; this would make perfect sense both from the biological research and cost point of view - the standard output of over 200 molecular measures would vastly extend the relevance of the sample collections and make many separate clinical chemistry assays redundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasi Soininen
- From the Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland (P.S., A.J.K., P.W., T.S., M.A.-K.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (P.S., M.A.-K.); Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland (M.A.-K.); and Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine and Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (M.A.-K.)
| | - Antti J Kangas
- From the Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland (P.S., A.J.K., P.W., T.S., M.A.-K.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (P.S., M.A.-K.); Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland (M.A.-K.); and Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine and Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (M.A.-K.)
| | - Peter Würtz
- From the Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland (P.S., A.J.K., P.W., T.S., M.A.-K.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (P.S., M.A.-K.); Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland (M.A.-K.); and Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine and Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (M.A.-K.)
| | - Teemu Suna
- From the Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland (P.S., A.J.K., P.W., T.S., M.A.-K.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (P.S., M.A.-K.); Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland (M.A.-K.); and Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine and Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (M.A.-K.)
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- From the Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland (P.S., A.J.K., P.W., T.S., M.A.-K.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (P.S., M.A.-K.); Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland (M.A.-K.); and Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine and Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (M.A.-K.).
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42
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Samino S, Vinaixa M, Díaz M, Beltran A, Rodríguez MA, Mallol R, Heras M, Cabre A, Garcia L, Canela N, de Zegher F, Correig X, Ibáñez L, Yanes O. Metabolomics reveals impaired maturation of HDL particles in adolescents with hyperinsulinaemic androgen excess. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11496. [PMID: 26099471 PMCID: PMC4477239 DOI: 10.1038/srep11496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperinsulinaemic androgen excess (HIAE) in prepubertal and pubertal girls usually precedes a broader pathological phenotype in adulthood that is associated with anovulatory infertility, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The metabolic derangements that determine these long-term health risks remain to be clarified. Here we use NMR and MS-based metabolomics to show that serum levels of methionine sulfoxide in HIAE girls are an indicator of the degree of oxidation of methionine-148 residue in apolipoprotein-A1. Oxidation of apo-A1 in methionine-148, in turn, leads to an impaired maturation of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) that is reflected in a decline of large HDL particles. Notably, such metabolic alterations occur in the absence of impaired glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, and were partially restored after 18 months of treatment with a low-dose combination of pioglitazone, metformin and flutamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Samino
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Universitat 3, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Maria Vinaixa
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain [3] Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Universitat 3, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Díaz
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Passeig de Sant Joan de Déu 2, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Beltran
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Universitat 3, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rodríguez
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Universitat 3, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Roger Mallol
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Heras
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Carrer Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Cabre
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Carrer Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Lorena Garcia
- Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Universitat 3, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Nuria Canela
- Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Universitat 3, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Francis de Zegher
- Paediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, UZ Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xavier Correig
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Ibáñez
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Passeig de Sant Joan de Déu 2, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- 1] Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain [2] Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain [3] Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Rovira i Virgili University, Avinguda Universitat 3, 43204 Reus, Spain
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43
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Jacobs DM, Mihaleva VV, van Schalkwijk DB, de Graaf AA, Vervoort J, van Dorsten FA, Ras RT, Demonty I, Trautwein EA, van Duynhoven J. The effect of plant sterols and different low doses of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil on lipoprotein subclasses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1745-57. [PMID: 26019023 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Consumption of a low-fat spread enriched with plant sterols (PS) and different low doses (<2 g/day) of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil reduces serum triglycerides (TGs) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-Chol) and thus beneficially affects two blood lipid risk factors. Yet, their combined effects on TG and Chol in various lipoprotein subclasses have been investigated to a limited extent. METHODS AND RESULTS In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study, we determined TG and Chol in 13 LP subclasses in fasting serum of 282 hypercholesterolemic subjects, who consumed either a placebo spread or one of the four spreads containing PS (2.5 g/day) and EPA+DHA (0.0, 0.9, 1.3, and 1.8 g/day) for 4 weeks. After PS treatment, total LDL-Chol was reduced, which was not further changed by EPA+DHA. No shift in the LDL-Chol particle distribution was observed. The addition of EPA+DHA to PS dose-dependently reduced VLDL-Chol and VLDL-TG mainly in larger particles. Furthermore, the two highest doses of EPA+DHA increased Chol and TG in the larger HDL particles, while these concentrations were decreased in the smallest HDL particles. CONCLUSION The consumption of a low-fat spread enriched with both PS and EPA+DHA induced shifts in the lipoprotein distribution that may provide additional cardiovascular benefits over PS consumption alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris M Jacobs
- Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Velitchka V Mihaleva
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jacques Vervoort
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ferdinand A van Dorsten
- Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - John van Duynhoven
- Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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44
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1H NMR Spectroscopy and MVA Analysis of Diplodus sargus Eating the Exotic Pest Caulerpa cylindracea. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:3550-66. [PMID: 26058009 PMCID: PMC4483644 DOI: 10.3390/md13063550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The green alga Caulerpa cylindracea is a non-autochthonous and invasive species that is severely affecting the native communities in the Mediterranean Sea. Recent researches show that the native edible fish Diplodus sargus actively feeds on this alga and cellular and physiological alterations have been related to the novel alimentary habits. The complex effects of such a trophic exposure to the invasive pest are still poorly understood. Here we report on the metabolic profiles of plasma from D. sargus individuals exposed to C. cylindracea along the southern Italian coast, using 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis (Principal Component Analysis, PCA, Orthogonal Partial Least Square, PLS, and Orthogonal Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis, OPLS-DA). Fish were sampled in two seasonal periods from three different locations, each characterized by a different degree of algal abundance. The levels of the algal bisindole alkaloid caulerpin, which is accumulated in the fish tissues, was used as an indicator of the trophic exposure to the seaweed and related to the plasma metabolic profiles. The profiles appeared clearly influenced by the sampling period beside the content of caulerpin, while the analyses also supported a moderate alteration of lipid and choline metabolism related to the Caulerpa-based diet.
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45
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Ala-Korpela M. Serum Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: One More Step toward Clinical Utility. Clin Chem 2015; 61:681-3. [PMID: 25759464 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.238279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ala-Korpela
- Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine and Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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46
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Mallol R, Amigó N, Rodríguez MA, Heras M, Vinaixa M, Plana N, Rock E, Ribalta J, Yanes O, Masana L, Correig X. Liposcale: a novel advanced lipoprotein test based on 2D diffusion-ordered 1H NMR spectroscopy. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:737-746. [PMID: 25568061 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d050120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of lipoprotein particle size and number using advanced lipoprotein tests (ALTs) is of particular importance to improve cardiovascular risk prediction. Here we present the Liposcale test, a novel ALT based on 2D diffusion-ordered (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Our method uses diffusion coefficients to provide a direct measure of the mean particle sizes and numbers. Using 177 plasma samples from healthy individuals and the concentration of ApoB and ApoA from isolated lipoprotein fractions, our test showed a stronger correlation between the NMR-derived lipoprotein particle numbers and apolipoprotein concentrations than the LipoProfile(®) test commercialized by Liposcience. We also converted LDL particle numbers to ApoB equivalents (milligrams per deciliter) and our test yielded similar values of LDL-ApoB to the LipoProfile(®) test (absolute mean bias of 8.5 and 7.4 mg/dl, respectively). In addition, our HDL particle number values were more concordant with the calibrated values determined recently using ion mobility. Finally, principal component analysis distinguished type 2 diabetic patients with and without atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) on a second cohort of 307 subjects characterized using the Liposcale test (area under the curve = 0.88) and showed concordant relationships between variables explaining AD. Altogether, our method provides reproducible and reliable characterization of lipoprotein particles and it is applicable to pathological states such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Mallol
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain.
| | - Núria Amigó
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rodríguez
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Centre for Omic Sciences (COS) Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Mercedes Heras
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Maria Vinaixa
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Plana
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Edmond Rock
- UMMM, INRA-Theix, St. Genes Champanelle, France
| | - Josep Ribalta
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Masana
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Sant Joan University Hospital, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Xavier Correig
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Biosfer Teslab, Reus, Spain
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47
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Rankin NJ, Preiss D, Welsh P, Burgess KEV, Nelson SM, Lawlor DA, Sattar N. The emergence of proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in the cardiovascular arena as viewed from a clinical perspective. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237:287-300. [PMID: 25299963 PMCID: PMC4232363 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to phenotype metabolic profiles in serum has increased substantially in recent years with the advent of metabolomics. Metabolomics is the study of the metabolome, defined as those molecules with an atomic mass less than 1.5 kDa. There are two main metabolomics methods: mass spectrometry (MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, each with its respective benefits and limitations. MS has greater sensitivity and so can detect many more metabolites. However, its cost (especially when heavy labelled internal standards are required for absolute quantitation) and quality control is sub-optimal for large cohorts. 1H NMR is less sensitive but sample preparation is generally faster and analysis times shorter, resulting in markedly lower analysis costs. 1H NMR is robust, reproducible and can provide absolute quantitation of many metabolites. Of particular relevance to cardio-metabolic disease is the ability of 1H NMR to provide detailed quantitative data on amino acids, fatty acids and other metabolites as well as lipoprotein subparticle concentrations and size. Early epidemiological studies suggest promise, however, this is an emerging field and more data is required before we can determine the clinical utility of these measures to improve disease prediction and treatment. This review describes the theoretical basis of 1H NMR; compares MS and 1H NMR and provides a tabular overview of recent 1H NMR-based research findings in the atherosclerosis field, describing the design and scope of studies conducted to date. 1H NMR metabolomics-CVD related research is emerging, however further large, robustly conducted prospective, genetic and intervention studies are needed to advance research on CVD risk prediction and to identify causal pathways amenable to intervention. 1H NMR metabolomics is being increasingly applied to large cohort studies. Studies have identified potentially novel lipoprotein and metabolite predictors for CVD. Potential exists for the use of metabolomics in cardiovascular clinical practice. Current findings are too preliminary to translate into clinical recommendations. Further large scale studies are now needed to advance the field in a robust manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi J Rankin
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK; Glasgow Polyomics, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - David Preiss
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Paul Welsh
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Karl E V Burgess
- Glasgow Polyomics, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Scott M Nelson
- School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.
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