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Munkholm K, Mäkinen IJO, Maigaard K, Coello K, Pagsberg AK, Kessing LV. Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105766. [PMID: 38885887 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests a role for low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of peripheral markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in children and adolescents under 20 years of age with bipolar disorder. We searched PubMed, Embase and psycINFO and performed random effects meta-analysis calculating standardized mean differences (SMD) of marker levels between patients with bipolar disorder and healthy control individuals. Ten studies comprising a total of 418 patients with bipolar disorder and 3017 healthy control individuals were included. The levels of C-Reactive Protein were higher in patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy individuals (SMD 0.53; 95 %CI: 0.33-0.74; I2 = 0 %). For other biomarkers there were no statistically significant differences between groups. Findings were limited by a low number of studies and participants and methodological issues in the included studies. More and larger studies using rigorous methodology are needed to establish the role of inflammation and oxidative stress in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Munkholm
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ilari Jaakko Olavi Mäkinen
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Katrine Maigaard
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Psychiatry Region Zealand, Denmark
| | - Klara Coello
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Anne Katrine Pagsberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Valenza M, Facchinetti R, Torazza C, Ciarla C, Bronzuoli MR, Balbi M, Bonanno G, Popoli M, Steardo L, Milanese M, Musazzi L, Bonifacino T, Scuderi C. Molecular signatures of astrocytes and microglia maladaptive responses to acute stress are rescued by a single administration of ketamine in a rodent model of PTSD. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:209. [PMID: 38796504 PMCID: PMC11127980 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress affects the brain and alters its neuroarchitecture and function; these changes can be severe and lead to psychiatric disorders. Recent evidence suggests that astrocytes and microglia play an essential role in the stress response by contributing to the maintenance of cerebral homeostasis. These cells respond rapidly to all stimuli that reach the brain, including stressors. Here, we used a recently validated rodent model of post-traumatic stress disorder in which rats can be categorized as resilient or vulnerable after acute inescapable footshock stress. We then investigated the functional, molecular, and morphological determinants of stress resilience and vulnerability in the prefrontal cortex, focusing on glial and neuronal cells. In addition, we examined the effects of a single subanesthetic dose of ketamine, a fast-acting antidepressant recently approved for the treatment of resistant depression and proposed for other stress-related psychiatric disorders. The present results suggest a prompt glial cell response and activation of the NF-κB pathway after acute stress, leading to an increase in specific cytokines such as IL-18 and TNF-α. This response persists in vulnerable individuals and is accompanied by a significant change in the levels of critical glial proteins such as S100B, CD11b, and CX43, brain trophic factors such as BDNF and FGF2, and proteins related to dendritic arborization and synaptic architecture such as MAP2 and PSD95. Administration of ketamine 24 h after the acute stress event rescued many of the changes observed in vulnerable rats, possibly contributing to support brain homeostasis. Overall, our results suggest that pivotal events, including reactive astrogliosis, changes in brain trophic factors, and neuronal damage are critical determinants of vulnerability to acute traumatic stress and confirm the therapeutic effect of acute ketamine against the development of stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Valenza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Facchinetti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carola Torazza
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Ciarla
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosanna Bronzuoli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matilde Balbi
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giambattista Bonanno
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Popoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Milanese
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Musazzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonifacino
- Department of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Ali NH, Al‐Kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Hamad RS, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Saad HM, Batiha GE. Role of brain renin-angiotensin system in depression: A new perspective. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14525. [PMID: 37953501 PMCID: PMC11017442 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a mood disorder characterized by abnormal thoughts. The pathophysiology of depression is related to the deficiency of serotonin (5HT), which is derived from tryptophan (Trp). Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of depression. Notably, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the pathogenesis of depression, and different findings revealed that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may be effective in depression. However, the underlying mechanism for the role of dysregulated brain RAS-induced depression remains speculative. Therefore, this review aimed to revise the conceivable role of ACEIs and ARBs and how these agents ameliorate the pathophysiology of depression. Dysregulation of brain RAS triggers the development and progression of depression through the reduction of brain 5HT and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Therefore, inhibition of central classical RAS by ARBS and ACEIs and activation of non-classical RAS prevent the development of depression by regulating 5HT, BDNF, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif H. Ali
- Department of Internal MedicineMedical CollegeNajran UniversityNajranKSA
| | - Hayder M. Al‐Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali K. Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Rabab S. Hamad
- Biological Sciences DepartmentCollege of Science, King Faisal UniversityAl AhsaSaudi Arabia
- Central LaboratoryTheodor Bilharz Research InstituteGizaEgypt
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjabIndia
- Department of Science and EngineeringNovel Global Community Educational FoundationHebershamNew South WalesAustralia
- AFNP MedWienAustria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery IIUniversity Hospital Witten‐Herdecke, University of Witten‐HerdeckeWuppertalGermany
| | - Hebatallah M. Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMatrouh UniversityMatrouhEgypt
| | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhour UniversityDamanhourAlBeheiraEgypt
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Gao K, Ayati M, Kaye NM, Koyuturk M, Calabrese JR, Christian E, Lazarus HM, Kaplan D. Possible Role of Correlation Coefficients and Network Analysis of Multiple Intracellular Proteins in Blood Cells of Patients with Bipolar Disorder in Studying the Mechanism of Lithium Responsiveness: A Proof-Concept Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1491. [PMID: 38592374 PMCID: PMC10935410 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness in bipolar disorder (BD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of correlation coefficients and protein-to-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses of intracellular proteins in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes of patients with BD in studying the potential mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness. Methods: Patients with bipolar I or II disorder who were diagnosed with the MINI for DSM-5 and at any phase of the illness with at least mild symptom severity and received lithium (serum level ≥ 0.6 mEq/L) for 16 weeks were divided into two groups, responders (≥50% improvement in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and/or Young Mania Rating Scale scores from baseline) and non-responders. Twenty-eight intracellular proteins/analytes in CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes were analyzed with a tyramine-based signal-amplified flow cytometry procedure. Correlation coefficients between analytes at baseline were estimated in both responders and non-responders and before and after lithium treatment in responders. PPI network, subnetwork, and pathway analyses were generated based on fold change/difference in studied proteins/analytes between responders and non-responders. Results: Of the 28 analytes from 12 lithium-responders and 11 lithium-non-responders, there were more significant correlations between analytes in responders than in non-responders at baseline. Of the nine lithium responders with pre- and post-lithium blood samples available, the correlations between most analytes were weakened after lithium treatment with cell-type specific patterns in CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes. PPI network/subnetwork and pathway analyses showed that lithium response was involved in four pathways, including prolactin, leptin, neurotrophin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor pathways. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta and nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit genes were found in all four pathways. Conclusions: Using correlation coefficients, PPI network/subnetwork, and pathway analysis with multiple intracellular proteins appears to be a workable concept for studying the mechanism of lithium responsiveness in BD. Larger sample size studies are necessary to determine its utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 10524 Euclid Avenue, 12th Floor, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Marzieh Ayati
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Nicholas M. Kaye
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Mehmet Koyuturk
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Wester Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Joseph R. Calabrese
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 10524 Euclid Avenue, 12th Floor, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Eric Christian
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Hillard M. Lazarus
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David Kaplan
- CellPrint Biotechnology LLC, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.M.K.); (E.C.); (H.M.L.); (D.K.)
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Vore AS, Marsland P, Barney TM, Varlinskaya EI, Landin JD, Healey KL, Kibble S, Swartzwelder HS, Chandler LJ, Deak T. Adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) produces lasting, sex-specific changes in rat body fat independent of changes in white blood cell composition. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1285376. [PMID: 38332987 PMCID: PMC10851431 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1285376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Early initiation of alcohol use during adolescence, and adolescent binge drinking are risk factors for the development of alcohol use disorder later in life. Adolescence is a time of rapid sex-dependent neural, physiological, and behavioral changes as well as a period of heightened vulnerability to many effects of alcohol. The goal of the present studies was to determine age-related changes in blood (leukocyte populations) and body composition across adolescence and early adulthood, and to investigate whether adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure would alter the trajectory of adolescent development on these broad physiological parameters. We observed significant ontogenetic changes in leukocyte populations that were mirrored by an age-related increase in cytokine expression among mixed populations of circulating leukocytes. Despite these developmental changes, AIE did not significantly alter overall leukocyte numbers or cytokine gene expression. However, AIE led to sex-specific changes in body fat mass and fat percentage, with AIE-exposed male rats showing significantly decreased fat levels and female rats showing significantly increased fat levels relative to controls. These changes suggest that while AIE may not alter overall leukocyte levels, more complex phenotypic changes in leukocyte populations could underlie previously reported differences in cytokine expression. Coupled with long-term shifts in adipocyte levels, this could have long-lasting effects on innate immunity and the capacity of individuals to respond to later immunological and physiological threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Vore
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Paige Marsland
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Thaddeus M. Barney
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Elena I. Varlinskaya
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY, United States
| | - Justine D. Landin
- Department of Neurosciences, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Kati L. Healey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sandra Kibble
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - H. S. Swartzwelder
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lawrence J. Chandler
- Department of Neurosciences, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Terrence Deak
- Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY, United States
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Sokołowska P, Seweryn Karbownik M, Jóźwiak-Bębenista M, Dobielska M, Kowalczyk E, Wiktorowska-Owczarek A. Antidepressant mechanisms of ketamine's action: NF-κB in the spotlight. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115918. [PMID: 37952898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine recently approved for therapy of treatment-resistant depression shows a complex and not fully understood mechanism of action. Apart from its classical glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonistic action, it is thought that anti-inflammatory properties of the drug are of clinical relevance due to the contribution of activated inflammatory mediators to the pathophysiology of depression and non-responsiveness of a group of patients to current antidepressant therapies. In a search of the mechanism underlying anti-inflammatory effects of ketamine, the nuclear factor kappa B transcription factor (NF-κB) has been proposed as a target for ketamine. The NF-κB forms precisely regulated protein signaling cascades enabling a rapid response to cellular stimuli. In the central nervous systems, NF-κB signaling appears to have pleiotropic but double-edged functions: on the one hand it participates in the regulation of processes that are crucial in the treatment of depression, such as neuroplasticity, neurogenesis or neuronal survival, on the other - in the activation of neuroinflammation and cell death. Ketamine has been found to reduce inflammation mediated by NF-κB, leading to decreased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory or stress mediators. Therefore, this review presents recent data on the significance of the NF-κB cascade in the mechanism of ketamine's action and its future perspectives in designing new strategies for the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Sokołowska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Poland.
| | - Michał Seweryn Karbownik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Poland
| | - Marta Jóźwiak-Bębenista
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Poland
| | - Maria Dobielska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Poland
| | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Poland
| | - Anna Wiktorowska-Owczarek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, Poland
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Akter S, Emon FA, Nahar Z, Shalahuddin Qusar M, Islam SMA, Shahriar M, Bhuiyan MA, Islam MR. Altered IL-3 and lipocalin-2 levels are associated with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder: a case-control study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:830. [PMID: 37957650 PMCID: PMC10644478 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05354-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common mental ailment and is the primary reason for disability. It manifests a severe impact on moods, thoughts, and physical health. At present, this disorder has become a concern in the field of public health. Alteration of neurochemicals is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate serum IL-3 and lipocalin-2 in MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs). METHOD We included a total of 376 participants in this study. Among them, 196 were MDD patients, and 180 were age-sex-matched HCs. MDD patients were recruited from the Psychiatry Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), but the controls were from different parts of Dhaka. All study participants were evaluated by a psychiatrist using the DSM-5 criteria. To assess the severity of the depression, we used the Hamilton depression (Ham-D) rating scale. Serum IL-3 and lipocalin-2 levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay kits (ELISA kits). RESULTS According to this study, we observed elevated serum levels of IL-3 (1,024.73 ± 29.84 pg/mL) and reduced levels of serum lipocalin-2 (29.019 ± 2.073 ng/mL) in MDD patients compared to HCs (911.11 ± 20.55 pg/mL and 48.065 ± 3.583 ng/mL, respectively). No associations between serum levels of IL-3 and lipocalin-2 and depression severity were observed in patients. CONCLUSIONS According to the present findings, alterations of serum IL-3 and lipocalin might be associated with the pathogenesis of MDD. These results support that altered serum neurochemicals can serve as early risk assessment markers for depression. Further interventional studies are recommended for a better understanding of the role of IL-3 and lipocalin-2 in the pathophysiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmin Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Faisal Abdullah Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Zabun Nahar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mma Shalahuddin Qusar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahabagh, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuiyan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rabiul Islam
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
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Almulla AF, Thipakorn Y, Algon AAA, Tunvirachaisakul C, Al-Hakeim HK, Maes M. Reverse cholesterol transport and lipid peroxidation biomarkers in major depression and bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:374-388. [PMID: 37557967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are linked to immune activation, increased oxidative stress, and lower antioxidant defenses. OBJECTIVES To systematically review and meta-analyze all data concerning biomarkers of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), lipid-associated antioxidants, lipid peroxidation products, and autoimmune responses to oxidatively modified lipid epitopes in MDD and BD. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Google scholar and SciFinder were searched to identify eligible studies from inception to January 10th, 2023. Guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. RESULTS The current meta-analysis included 176 studies (60 BD and 116 MDD) and examined 34,051 participants, namely 17,094 with affective disorders and 16,957 healthy controls. Patients with MDD and BD showed a) significantly decreased RCT (mainly lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and paraoxonase 1); b) lowered lipid soluble vitamins (including vitamin A, D, and coenzyme Q10); c) increased lipid peroxidation and aldehyde formation, mainly increased malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal, peroxides, and 8-isoprostanes; and d) Immunoglobulin (Ig)G responses to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and IgM responses to MDA. The ratio of all lipid peroxidation biomarkers/all lipid-associated antioxidant defenses was significantly increased in MDD (standardized mean difference or SMD = 0.433; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.312; 0.554) and BD (SMD = 0.653; CI: 0.501-0.806). This ratio was significantly greater in BD than MDD (p = 0.027). CONCLUSION In MDD/BD, lowered RCT, a key antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathway, may drive increased lipid peroxidation, aldehyde formation, and autoimmune responses to oxidative specific epitopes, which all together cause increased immune-inflammatory responses and neuro-affective toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas F Almulla
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Yanin Thipakorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | | | - Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Research Institute, Medical University in Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Department of Psychiatry, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610072, China.
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9
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Pirbalouti RG, Mohseni MM, Taheri M, Neishabouri SM, Shirvani-Farsani Z. Deregulation of NF-κB associated long non-coding RNAs in bipolar disorder. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2223-2230. [PMID: 37278925 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are major genetic factors whose disruption lead to many diseases, including nervous system diseases. Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuro-psychiatric disease with no definitive diagnosis and incomplete treatment. Regarding the role of NF-κB-associated lncRNAs in the neuro-psychiatric disorders, we examined the expression of three lncRNAs, DICER1-AS1, DILC, and CHAST, in BD patients. To assess lncRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 50 BD patients and 50 healthy individuals, Real-time PCR was used. Additionally, some clinical characteristics of BD patients were investigated via an analysis of ROC curves and correlations. Based on our results, the expression level of CHAST increased significantly in BD patients in comparison with healthy people, in BD men compared with healthy men, as well as in BD women in comparison with control females (p < 0.05). A similar increase in expression was observed for DILC and DICER1-AS1 lncRNAs in female patients compared with healthy women. Whereas compared to healthy men, DILC was decreased in diseased men. Based on the results of the ROC curve, the area under the curve (AUC) for CHAST lncRNA was 0.83 with a P value of 0.0001. So, the expression level of CHAST lncRNA could play a role in the pathobiology of the BD and be considered a good putative biomarker for individuals with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Ghasemi Pirbalouti
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mehrab Mohseni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medicals Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Morvarid Neishabouri
- Department of Psychiatric, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medicals Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Yang R, Zhao Y, Tan Z, Lai J, Chen J, Zhang X, Sun J, Chen L, Lu K, Cao L, Liu X. Differentiation between bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in adolescents: from clinical to biological biomarkers. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1192544. [PMID: 37780961 PMCID: PMC10540438 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1192544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mood disorders are very common among adolescents and include mainly bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), with overlapping depressive symptoms that pose a significant challenge to realizing a rapid and accurate differential diagnosis in clinical practice. Misdiagnosis of BD as MDD can lead to inappropriate treatment and detrimental outcomes, including a poorer ultimate clinical and functional prognosis and even an increased risk of suicide. Therefore, it is of great significance for clinical management to identify clinical symptoms or features and biological markers that can accurately distinguish BD from MDD. With the aid of bibliometric analysis, we explore, visualize, and conclude the important directions of differential diagnostic studies of BD and MDD in adolescents. Materials and methods A literature search was performed for studies on differential diagnostic studies of BD and MDD among adolescents in the Web of Science Core Collection database. All studies considered for this article were published between 2004 and 2023. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed using the VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. Results In total, 148 publications were retrieved. The number of publications on differential diagnostic studies of BD and MDD among adolescents has been generally increasing since 2012, with the United States being an emerging hub with a growing influence in the field. Boris Birmaher is the top author in terms of the number of publications, and the Journal of Affective Disorders is the most published journal in the field. Co-occurrence analysis of keywords showed that clinical characteristics, genetic factors, and neuroimaging are current research hotspots. Ultimately, we comprehensively sorted out the current state of research in this area and proposed possible research directions in future. Conclusion This is the first-ever study of bibliometric and visual analyses of differential diagnostic studies of BD and MDD in adolescents to reveal the current research status and important directions in the field. Our research and analysis results might provide some practical sources for academic scholars and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanmeng Zhao
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zewen Tan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianshan Chen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Chen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kangrong Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Cao
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Fitzgerald E, Arcego DM, Shen MJ, O'Toole N, Wen X, Nagy C, Mostafavi S, Craig K, Silveira PP, Rayan NA, Diorio J, Meaney MJ, Zhang TY. Sex and cell-specific gene expression in corticolimbic brain regions associated with psychiatric disorders revealed by bulk and single-nuclei RNA sequencing. EBioMedicine 2023; 95:104749. [PMID: 37549631 PMCID: PMC10432187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are sex-specific differences in the prevalence, symptomology and course of psychiatric disorders. However, preclinical models have primarily used males, such that the molecular mechanisms underlying sex-specific differences in psychiatric disorders are not well established. METHODS In this study, we compared transcriptome-wide gene expression profiles in male and female rats within the corticolimbic system, including the cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens medial shell (NAcS), ventral dentate gyrus and the basolateral amygdala (n = 22-24 per group/region). FINDINGS We found over 3000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the NAcS between males and females. Of these DEGs in the NAcS, 303 showed sex-dependent conservation DEGs in humans and were significantly enriched for gene ontology terms related to blood vessel morphogenesis and regulation of cell migration. Single nuclei RNA sequencing in the NAcS of male and female rats identified widespread sex-dependent expression, with genes upregulated in females showing a notable enrichment for synaptic function. Female upregulated genes in astrocytes, Drd3+MSNs and oligodendrocyte were also enriched in several psychiatric genome-wide association studies (GWAS). INTERPRETATION Our data provide comprehensive evidence of sex- and cell-specific molecular profiles in the NAcS. Importantly these differences associate with anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and cross-disorder, suggesting an intrinsic molecular basis for sex-based differences in psychiatric disorders that strongly implicates the NAcS. FUNDING This work was supported by funding from the Hope for Depression Research Foundation (MJM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamon Fitzgerald
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Danusa Mar Arcego
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Mo Jun Shen
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas O'Toole
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Xianglan Wen
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Corina Nagy
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Sara Mostafavi
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, 185 E Stevens Way NE, Seattle, WA 9819, USA
| | - Kelly Craig
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Patricia Pelufo Silveira
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nirmala Arul Rayan
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences and Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore
| | - Josie Diorio
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Translational Neuroscience Program, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences and Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tie-Yuan Zhang
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montréal, H4H 1R3, Canada.
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12
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Li Y, Zhang L, Mao M, He L, Wang T, Pan Y, Zhao X, Li Z, Mu X, Qian Y, Qiu J. Multi-omics analysis of a drug-induced model of bipolar disorder in zebrafish. iScience 2023; 26:106744. [PMID: 37207274 PMCID: PMC10189518 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies demonstrate that inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Given the complexity of BD pathogenesis, we performed high-throughput multi-omic profiling (metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics) of the BD zebrafish brain to comprehensively unravel the molecular mechanism. Our research proved that in BD zebrafish, JNK-mediated neuroinflammation altered metabolic pathways involved in neurotransmission. On one hand, disturbed metabolism of tryptophan and tyrosine limited the participation of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine in synaptic vesicle recycling. On the other hand, dysregulated metabolism of the membrane lipids sphingomyelin and glycerophospholipids altered the synaptic membrane structure and neurotransmitter receptors (chrnα7, htr1b, drd5b, and gabra1) activity. Our findings revealed that disturbance of serotonergic and dopaminergic synaptic transmission mediated by the JNK inflammatory cascade was the key pathogenic mechanism in a zebrafish model of BD, provides critical biological insights into the pathogenesis of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Li
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingcai Mao
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Linjuan He
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tiancai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yecan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zishu Li
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiyan Mu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Jing Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Corresponding author
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13
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Gao K, Ayati M, Kaye NM, Koyuturk M, Calabrese JR, Ganocy SJ, Lazarus HM, Christian E, Kaplan D. Differences in intracellular protein levels in monocytes and CD4 + lymphocytes between bipolar depressed patients and healthy controls: A pilot study with tyramine-based signal-amplified flow cytometry. J Affect Disord 2023; 328:116-127. [PMID: 36806598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular biomarkers for bipolar disorder (BD) that distinguish it from other manifestations of depressive symptoms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if a very sensitive tyramine-based signal-amplification technology for flow cytometry (CellPrint™) could facilitate the identification of cell-specific analyte expression profiles of peripheral blood cells for bipolar depression (BPD) versus healthy controls (HCs). METHODS The diagnosis of psychiatric disorders was ascertained with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-5. Expression levels for eighteen protein analytes previously shown to be related to bipolar disorder were assessed with CellPrint™ in CD4+ T cells and monocytes of bipolar patients and HCs. Implementation of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and pathway analysis was subsequently used to identify new analytes and pathways for subsequent interrogations. RESULTS Fourteen drug-naïve or -free patients with bipolar I or II depression and 17 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. The most distinguishable changes in analyte expression based on t-tests included GSK3β, HMGB1, IRS2, phospho-GSK3αβ, phospho-RELA, and TSPO in CD4+ T cells and calmodulin, GSK3β, IRS2, and phospho-HS1 in monocytes. Subsequent PPI and pathway analysis indicated that prolactin, leptin, BDNF, and interleukin-3 signal pathways were significantly different between bipolar patients and HCs. LIMITATION The sample size of the study was small and 2 patients were on medications. CONCLUSION In this pilot study, CellPrint™ was able to detect differences in cell-specific protein levels between BPD patients and HCs. A subsequent study including samples from patients with BPD, major depressive disorder, and HCs is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
| | - Marzieh Ayati
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States of America
| | - Nicholas M Kaye
- CellPrint Biotechnology, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Mehmet Koyuturk
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Joseph R Calabrese
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Stephen J Ganocy
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Hillard M Lazarus
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; CellPrint Biotechnology, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Eric Christian
- CellPrint Biotechnology, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - David Kaplan
- CellPrint Biotechnology, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
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Jazvinšćak Jembrek M, Oršolić N, Karlović D, Peitl V. Flavonols in Action: Targeting Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086888. [PMID: 37108052 PMCID: PMC10138550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is one of the most common mental illnesses that highly impairs quality of life. Pharmacological interventions are mainly focused on altered monoamine neurotransmission, which is considered the primary event underlying the disease's etiology. However, many other neuropathological mechanisms that contribute to the disease's progression and clinical symptoms have been identified. These include oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, hippocampal atrophy, reduced synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, the depletion of neurotrophic factors, and the dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Current therapeutic options are often unsatisfactory and associated with adverse effects. This review highlights the most relevant findings concerning the role of flavonols, a ubiquitous class of flavonoids in the human diet, as potential antidepressant agents. In general, flavonols are considered to be both an effective and safe therapeutic option in the management of depression, which is largely based on their prominent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, preclinical studies have provided evidence that they are capable of restoring the neuroendocrine control of the HPA axis, promoting neurogenesis, and alleviating depressive-like behavior. Although these findings are promising, they are still far from being implemented in clinical practice. Hence, further studies are needed to more comprehensively evaluate the potential of flavonols with respect to the improvement of clinical signs of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Jazvinšćak Jembrek
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Oršolić
- Division of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dalibor Karlović
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Peitl
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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15
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Qiu T, Li X, Chen W, He J, Shi L, Zhou C, Zheng A, Lei Z, Tang C, Yu Q, Du L, Guo J. Prospective study on Maresin-1 and cytokine levels in medication-naïve adolescents with first-episode major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1132791. [PMID: 37009097 PMCID: PMC10050445 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1132791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundInflammation and immune activation may play a role in the pathological mechanism of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Evidence from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of adolescents and adults has shown that MDD is associated with increased plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6). It has been reported that Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs) mediate inflammation resolution, and Maresin-1 can activate the process of inflammation and promote inflammation resolution by promoting macrophage phagocytosis. However, no clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the relationship between the levels of Maresin-1 and cytokine and the severity of MDD symptomatology in adolescents.Methods40 untreated adolescent patients with primary and moderate to severe MDD and 30 healthy participants as the healthy control (HC) group aged between 13 and 18 years old were enrolled. They received clinical and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) evaluation and then, blood samples were collected. Patients in the MDD group were re-evaluated for HDRS-17, and blood samples were taken after a six to eight-week fluoxetine treatment.ResultsThe adolescent patients with MDD had lower serum levels of Maresin-1 and higher serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) compared with the HC group. Fluoxetine treatment alleviated depressive symptoms in MDD adolescent patients, which was reflected by higher serum levels of Maresin-1 and IL-4 and lower HDRS-17 scores, serum levels of IL-6, and IL-1β. Moreover, the serum level of Maresin-1 was negatively correlated with the depression severity scores on the HDRS-17.ConclusionAdolescent patients with primary MDD had lower levels of Maresin-1 and higher levels of IL-6 compared with the HC group, implying that the peripheral level of pro-inflammatory cytokines may be elevated in MDD, resulting in the insufficiency of inflammation resolution. The Maresin-1 and IL-4 levels increased after anti-depressant treatment, whereas IL-6 and IL-1β levels decreased significantly. Moreover, Maresin-1 level negatively correlated with depression severity, suggesting that reduced levels of Maresin-1 promoted the progression of MDD.
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Baghaei Naeini F, Hassanpour S, Asghari A. Resveratrol exerts anxiolytic-like effects through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in rats exposed to chronic social isolation. Behav Brain Res 2023; 438:114201. [PMID: 36334782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has confirmed resveratrol's (RES) antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant effects. The beneficial effects of RES were confirmed for several emotional and cognitive deficits. This research aimed to assess the impacts of RES on behavior and hippocampal levels of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory factors in rats exposed to chronic social isolation (SI) stress, which is known to induce mental disorders such as depressive-like behavior. The animals were treated by RES (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg/intraperitoneally) for 28 days following a 28-day exposure to stress. Behavioral tests, including the forced swim test (FST), open-field test (OFT), tail suspension test (TST), and sucrose preference test (SPT), assessed depressive symptoms. Finally, the animals were sacrificed, and molecular studies (qPCR and ELISA) were performed. Exposure of animals to SI dramatically increased the immobility of animals in TST and FST, enhanced the time spent in the open-field peripheral zone of the OFT, and reduced the sucrose preference rate. In addition, SI increased serum levels of corticosterone and hippocampal content of MDA, whereas it reduced hippocampal SOD and CAT activities. Moreover, SI upregulated the expression of IL-10, IL-18, and IL-1β and downregulated the expression of TGF-β in the hippocampus. RES treatment (40 & 80 mg/kg) significantly improved the behavioral alterations through the modulation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The 20 mg/kg RES dose was inefficient for treating SI-induced depressive-like behavior. These results indicated that RES attenuated depressive-like behavior in prolonged stressed animals. These properties might be associated with RES-mediated improvements in serum corticosterone and hippocampal inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Baghaei Naeini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shahin Hassanpour
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Ahmad Asghari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Mola-Ali-Nejad R, Fakharianzadeh S, Maloum Z, Taheri M, Shirvani-Farsani Z. A gene expression analysis of long non-coding RNAs NKILA and PACER as well as their target genes, NF-κB and cox-2 in bipolar disorder patients. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 42:527-537. [PMID: 36628999 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2023.2166063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe condition characterized by periods of mania and depression. Despite advances in the neurobiology of bipolar disorder, the exact etiology of the disease remains unclear. There is evidence that Inflammation is associated with bipolar disorder. COX-2 and NF-κB are two critical mediators in the inflammatory pathways. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new class of non-coding RNAs that play a wide range of roles, especially in developing and maintaining normal brain functions. Two lncRNAs called PACER and NKILA control the expression of COX-2 and NF-κB genes, respectively. In this study, Expression levels of PACER and NKILA lncRNAs, as well as, COX-2 and NF-κB genes were measured in fifty patients with bipolar disorder and 50 healthy individuals by real-time PCR. Expression levels of NKILA and COX2 were considerably reduced in BD patients compared with healthy controls. Such significant downregulation in the expression of NKILA and PACER was only observed in male patients with BD compared with male healthy subjects. Also, according to the results of the ROC curve, the area under curve values for NKILA and COX2 were 0.68 and 0.52 respectively. Consequently, the NKILA gene could be considered a biomarker. By examining the degree of pairwise correlation between genes, all genes had a significant positive correlation with each other. Taken together, these results revealed a function for NKILA and PACER lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mola-Ali-Nejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Saba Fakharianzadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Maloum
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Gao K, Kaye NM, Ayati M, Koyuturk M, Calabrese JR, Christian E, Lazarus HM, Kaplan D. Divergent Directionality of Immune Cell-Specific Protein Expression between Bipolar Lithium Responders and Non-Responders Revealed by Enhanced Flow Cytometry. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59010120. [PMID: 36676744 PMCID: PMC9860624 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: There is no biomarker to predict lithium response. This study used CellPrint™ enhanced flow cytometry to study 28 proteins representing a spectrum of cellular pathways in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes before and after lithium treatment in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Materials and Methods: Symptomatic patients with BD type I or II received lithium (serum level ≥ 0.6 mEq/L) for 16 weeks. Patients were assessed with standard rating scales and divided into two groups, responders (≥50% improvement from baseline) and non-responders. Twenty-eight intracellular proteins in CD4+ lymphocytes and monocytes were analyzed with CellPrint™, an enhanced flow cytometry procedure. Data were analyzed for differences in protein expression levels. Results: The intent-to-treat sample included 13 lithium-responders (12 blood samples before treatment and 9 after treatment) and 11 lithium-non-responders (11 blood samples before treatment and 4 after treatment). No significant differences in expression between the groups was observed prior to lithium treatment. After treatment, the majority of analytes increased expression in responders and decreased expression in non-responders. Significant increases were seen for PDEB4 and NR3C1 in responders. A significant decrease was seen for NR3C1 in non-responders. Conclusions: Lithium induced divergent directionality of protein expression depending on the whether the patient was a responder or non-responder, elucidating molecular characteristics of lithium responsiveness. A subsequent study with a larger sample size is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-844-2400; Fax: +1-214-844-2877
| | | | - Marzieh Ayati
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Mehmet Koyuturk
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Joseph R. Calabrese
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - Hillard M. Lazarus
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- CellPrint Biotechnology, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David Kaplan
- CellPrint Biotechnology, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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19
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Jang WY, Kim MY, Cho JY. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Menopausal, and Anti-Cancer Effects of Lignans and Their Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415482. [PMID: 36555124 PMCID: PMC9778916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since chronic inflammation can be seen in severe, long-lasting diseases such as cancer, there is a high demand for effective methods to modulate inflammatory responses. Among many therapeutic candidates, lignans, absorbed from various plant sources, represent a type of phytoestrogen classified into secoisolariciresionol (Seco), pinoresinol (Pino), matairesinol (Mat), medioresinol (Med), sesamin (Ses), syringaresinol (Syr), and lariciresinol (Lari). Lignans consumed by humans can be further modified into END or ENL by the activities of gut microbiota. Lignans are known to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, together with activity in estrogen receptor-dependent pathways. Lignans may have therapeutic potential for postmenopausal symptoms, including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and psychological disorders. Moreover, the antitumor efficacy of lignans has been demonstrated in various cancer cell lines, including hormone-dependent breast cancer and prostate cancer, as well as colorectal cancer. Interestingly, the molecular mechanisms of lignans in these diseases involve the inhibition of inflammatory signals, including the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway. Therefore, we summarize the recent in vitro and in vivo studies evaluating the biological effects of various lignans, focusing on their values as effective anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Young Jang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-2-820-0458 (M.-Y.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-2-820-0458 (M.-Y.K.); +82-31-290-7868 (J.Y.C.)
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20
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Teshnizi SA, Shahani P, Taheri M, Hussen BM, Eslami S, Sadeghzadeh Z, Ghafouri-Fard S, Sayad A. Expression analysis of NF-ƙB-related long non-coding RNAs in bipolar disorder. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20941. [PMID: 36463340 PMCID: PMC9719507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental disorder that leads to abnormal swings in mood, energy, activity level, attention, and the capability to accomplish daily tasks. Several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in BD patients. We have compared expression levels of five NF-κB-associated lncRNAs, namely ANRIL, CEBPA-DT, H19, NKILA and HNF1A-AS1 in blood samples of BD patients compared with controls. While ANRIL, CEBPA-DT and HNF1-AS1 were significantly under-expressed in BD patients compared with controls, NKILA levels were higher in patients versus controls. Among differentially expressed genes, HFN1A-AS1 exhibited the best diagnostic parameters in the separation of patients from controls (AUC ± SD = 0.86 ± 0.03, sensitivity = 0.82, specificity = 0.82, P value < 0.0001). AUC values for NKILA, ANRIL and CEBPA-DT were 0.71, 0.68 and 0.65, respectively. In accordance with the previously reported participation of NF-ƙB in the pathophysiology of BD, the current study provides evidence for dysregulation of NF-κB-associated lncRNAs in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmadi Teshnizi
- grid.411600.2Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pariya Shahani
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- grid.411600.2Men’s Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- grid.472236.60000 0004 1784 8702Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq ,grid.412012.40000 0004 0417 5553Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Solat Eslami
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadeghzadeh
- grid.411600.2Men’s Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- grid.411600.2Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- grid.411600.2Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Whitney MS, Scott SL, Perez JA, Barnes S, McVoy MK. Elevation of C-reactive protein in adolescent bipolar disorder vs. anxiety disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 156:308-317. [PMID: 36306709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) largely begins in adolescence, but diagnosis lags for years, causing significant morbidity and mortality, and demonstrating the need for better diagnostic tools. Suggesting an association between BD and immune activity, elevated levels of peripheral inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), have been found in adults with BD. As similar data are extremely limited in adolescents, this study examined CRP levels in adolescents with BD (n = 37) compared to those with anxiety disorders (ADs, n = 157) and healthy controls with no psychiatric diagnoses (HCs, n = 2760). CRP blood levels for patients aged 12-17 years were retrieved from a nationwide repository of deidentified clinical data. After excluding patients with inflammatory conditions, differences in CRP were examined using multivariate and weighted regressions (covariates: demographics and BMI). Mean CRP levels were significantly elevated in adolescents with BD relative to those with ADs and HCs. Mean CRP levels were lower in the ADs cohort versus HCs. Although CRP levels were significantly higher in males and younger patients, the significant between-cohort differences in CRP remained after controlling for multiple confounders. To our knowledge, our study is the first to compare CRP levels between adolescent BD, ADs, and HCs, comprising a novel and essential contribution. Our results suggest the presence of a unique immune process in adolescents with BD and indicate that CRP may represent a biomarker with a crucial role in the diagnostic assessment of adolescent BD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen L Scott
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Jaime Abraham Perez
- Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Stephanie Barnes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Molly K McVoy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA; Neurological and Behavioral Outcomes Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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22
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Ferencova N, Visnovcova Z, Ondrejka I, Funakova D, Hrtanek I, Kelcikova S, Tonhajzerova I. Evaluation of Inflammatory Response System (IRS) and Compensatory Immune Response System (CIRS) in Adolescent Major Depression. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5959-5976. [PMID: 36303711 PMCID: PMC9596279 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s387588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nowadays, the role of two tightly interconnected systems, the inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune response system (CIRS) in depression, is increasingly discussed. Various studies indicate pro-inflammatory activity in adolescent depression; however, there is an almost complete lack of findings about IRS and CIRS balance. Thus, we aimed to assess different IRS and CIRS indices, profiles, and IRS/CIRS ratios in drug-naïve MDD patients at adolescent age, with respect to sex. Patients and Methods One hundred MDD adolescents (40 boys, average age: 15.4±1.2 yrs.) and 60 controls (28 boys, average age: 15.3±1.5 yrs.) were examined. Evaluated parameters were 1. plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), soluble receptor of IL-6 (sIL-6R), soluble receptors of TNF-α (sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2); 2. profiles: IL-6 trans-signaling, M1 macrophage signaling, helper T lymphocytes (Th) 1 profile, regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg)+Th2, allIRS, and allCIRS; 3. IRS vs CIRS activity ratios: TNF-α/TNF-R1, TNF-α/TNF-R2, TNF-α/sTNF-Rs (ie sTNF-R1+sTNF-R2), Th1/Th2, Th1/Treg, Th1/Th2+Treg, M1/Th2, M1/Treg, M1/Treg+Th2, allIRS/allCIRS. Results MDD patients showed increased IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, sIL-6R, Treg+Th2, allIRS, allCIRS, and TNF-α/sTNF-Rs, and decreased Th1/Th2+Treg. MDD females showed increased IL-10 and TNF-α compared to control females. MDD males showed increased IL-4, IL-10, sIL-6R, Treg+Th2, and TNF-α/TNF-R1 compared to control males. Increased sTNF-R1 was found in MDD males compared to MDD females. Positive correlations were found between CDI score and sIL-6R and IL-10 in the total group and between CDI score and IL-10 in adolescent males. Conclusion Our study for the first time extensively evaluated IRS and CIRS interactions revealing enhanced pro-inflammatory TNF-α signaling and IL-6 trans-signaling in association with increased IL-10- and IL-4-mediated anti-inflammatory activity in first-episode depression at the adolescent age. Moreover, results reflect the sex-specific simultaneous activation of IRS and CIRS pathways in adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Ferencova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Visnovcova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Igor Ondrejka
- Psychiatric Clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Dana Funakova
- Psychiatric Clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Igor Hrtanek
- Psychiatric Clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Simona Kelcikova
- Department of Midwifery, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Ingrid Tonhajzerova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic,Correspondence: Ingrid Tonhajzerova, Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, Martin, Slovak Republic, Tel +421432633425, Email
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23
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Cytokine alterations in pediatric internalizing disorders: Systematic review and exploratory multi-variate meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 24:100490. [PMID: 35880170 PMCID: PMC9307453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric internalizing disorders are prevalent and characterized by a maladaptive cognitive, emotional response to a perceived stressor. The hypothesized effect of this response is observable changes in behavior mediated by homeostatic inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to synthesize the literature and analyze the effect of cytokines on pediatric internalizing disorders. Influential moderating variables, including mean body mass index, fasting status at blood collection, participant sex, cytokine type, mean age, percentage of sample medicated, and diagnosis, were also assessed. A systematic literature search was performed in electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, and PsycINFO) from January 1, 1980 to June 15, 2022. Case-control studies of pediatric internalizing disorders, specifically anxiety and depression, were reviewed for their association with peripheral cytokine levels. Meta-analyses were performed using a random effects multi-variate model and effect sizes were calculated using Hedge's g for IL-2, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-10. Thirty-three studies were reviewed and 28 studies were included in the meta-analysis (n = 1322 cases and n = 3617 controls). Peripheral cytokine levels were elevated in pediatric internalizing disorders compared to controls (Hedge's g = 0.19, p < 0.001). In the moderator analyses, depression diagnosis (Hedge's g = 0.18, p = 0.009) and non-fasting blood collection (Hedge's g = 0.20, p = 0.006) were significant. The meta-analytic findings are limited by methodological variation between studies, high heterogeneity, and low statistical power. Despite this, the findings suggest that elevated peripheral cytokine levels may play a role in the etiology and/or symptom maintenance of pediatric internalizing disorders. Depression diagnosis and non-fasting blood collection were observed to significantly influenced peripheral cytokine levels. No individual peripheral cytokines tested were associated with pediatric internalizing disorders. Overall, elevated peripheral cytokines were observed in pediatric internalizing disorders compared to controls.
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24
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Bekhbat M, Ulukaya GB, Bhasin MK, Felger JC, Miller AH. Cellular and immunometabolic mechanisms of inflammation in depression: Preliminary findings from single cell RNA sequencing and a tribute to Bruce McEwen. Neurobiol Stress 2022; 19:100462. [PMID: 35655933 PMCID: PMC9152104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is associated with symptoms of anhedonia, a core feature of major depression (MD). We have shown that MD patients with high inflammation as measured by plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and anhedonia display gene signatures of metabolic reprograming (e.g., shift to glycolysis) necessary to sustain cellular immune activation. To gain preliminary insight into the immune cell subsets and transcriptomic signatures that underlie increased inflammation and its relationship with behavior in MD at the single-cell (sc) level, herein we conducted scRNA-Seq on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a subset of medically-stable, unmedicated MD outpatients. Three MD patients with high CRP (>3 mg/L) before and two weeks after anti-inflammatory challenge with the tumor necrosis factor antagonist infliximab and three patients with low CRP (≤3 mg/L) were studied. Cell clusters were identified using a Single Cell Wizard pipeline, followed by pathway analysis. CD14+ and CD16+ monocytes were more abundant in MD patients with high CRP and were reduced by 29% and 55% respectively after infliximab treatment. Within CD14+ and CD16+ monocytes, genes upregulated in high CRP patients were enriched for inflammatory (phagocytosis, complement, leukocyte migration) and immunometabolic (hypoxia-inducible factor [HIF]-1, aerobic glycolysis) pathways. Shifts in CD4+ T cell subsets included ∼30% and ∼10% lower abundance of CD4+ central memory (TCM) and naïve cells and ∼50% increase in effector memory-like (TEM-like) cells in high versus low CRP patients. TCM cells of high CRP patients displayed downregulation of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway, a main energy source in this cell type. Following infliximab, changes in the number of CD14+ monocytes and CD4+ TEM-like cells predicted improvements in anhedonia scores (r = 1.0, p < 0.001). In sum, monocytes and CD4+ T cells from MD patients with increased inflammation exhibited immunometabolic reprograming in association with symptoms of anhedonia. These findings are the first step toward determining the cellular and molecular immune pathways associated with inflammatory phenotypes in MD, which may lead to novel immunomodulatory treatments of psychiatric illnesses with increased inflammation.
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25
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Li Y, Jinxiang T, Shu Y, Yadong P, Ying L, Meng Y, Ping Z, Xiao H, Yixiao F. Childhood trauma and the plasma levels of IL-6, TNF-α are risk factors for major depressive disorder and schizophrenia in adolescents: A cross-sectional and case-control study. J Affect Disord 2022; 305:227-232. [PMID: 35151670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that childhood trauma and inflammation are associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SZ), but previous researches were almost aimed at adults. The aim of the present research is to observe the alteration of peripheral interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in adolescents (12-20 years) with MDD and SZ, to investigate the impact of childhood abuse in early-onset MDD and SZ, and to furtherly explore the correlation between childhood maltreatment and plasma IL-6, TNF-α levels. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is applied to obtain the plasma concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α in 55 patients with MDD, 51 patients with SZ and 47 healthy minors. The short form of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) is used to assess the severity of early trauma. RESULTS Plasma IL-6 and TNF-α levels are significantly elevated in patients with early-onset MDD and SZ compared with healthy subjects (p <0.01), whose results display that the correlation between IL-6 and TNF-α is significantly positive (γ=0.787, p <0.01) in all participants. Compared with the healthy adolescents, patients with MDD and SZ show more serious childhood trauma, and the plasma IL-6, TNF-α concentrations are closely related to childhood maltreatment. CONCLUSIONS Early trauma and peripheral inflammatory response play an important role in the pathophysiology of early-onset MDD or SZ. The current findings provide effective targets for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of major depressive disorder and schizophrenia in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Tang Jinxiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Sleep and Psychology Center, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 402760, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Peng Yadong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Liu Ying
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Psychology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhang Ping
- Department of English, Sichuan International Study University, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Hou Xiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Fu Yixiao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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26
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Zou Y, Grigorian A, Karthikeyan S, Goldstein BI. Elevated C-reactive protein among symptomatic youth with bipolar disorder. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:645-652. [PMID: 35574908 PMCID: PMC9127784 DOI: 10.1177/02698811221093796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Increased levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with mood symptoms in adults with bipolar disorder (BD). The few studies on this topic in youth with BD have not included controls. We, therefore, examined CRP levels in relation to symptomatic status in youth with and without BD. METHODS Participants included 154 youth (mean age 17 years; 48 asymptomatic BD, 39 symptomatic BD, 67 healthy controls (HC)). Rank analysis of covariance test examined group differences in CRP, controlling for age and sex. Correlation between CRP and mood symptom severity was examined using Spearman's correlation within the BD group. RESULTS There were significant group differences in CRP levels (F(2,151) = 5.06, p = 0.007, ηp2=0.06); post hoc analyses showed higher CRP levels in the symptomatic BD group compared with HC (p = 0.01). In sensitivity analyses, this finding was no longer significant after controlling for body mass index (BMI). CRP was not significantly associated with symptomatic severity. CONCLUSIONS CRP levels are elevated among symptomatic youth with BD, partly related to BMI. As elevated BMI is associated with mood symptom burden, prospective studies are warranted to parse the associations among mood symptoms, BMI, and inflammation. Given the proportion of time that youth with BD are symptomatic, present findings raise concern about the long-term impact of elevated CRP on blood vessels, brain, and related clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zou
- Department of Pharmacology &
Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder,
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anahit Grigorian
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder,
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sudhir Karthikeyan
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder,
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Department of Pharmacology &
Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder,
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Benjamin I Goldstein, Centre for Youth
Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way,
Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada.
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27
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Linkas J, Ahmed LA, Csifcsak G, Emaus N, Furberg AS, Grimnes G, Pettersen G, Rognmo K, Christoffersen T. Are pro-inflammatory markers associated with psychological distress in a cross-sectional study of healthy adolescents 15-17 years of age? The Fit Futures study. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:65. [PMID: 35292108 PMCID: PMC8925220 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory markers have been associated with depression and anxiety disorder in adolescents. Less is known about the association between inflammation and subclinical symptoms in the form of psychological distress. We investigated prevalence of psychological distress and examined the associations between common pro-inflammatory markers and psychological distress in an adolescent population sample.
Methods The study was based on data from 458 girls and 473 boys aged 15–17 years from the Fit Futures Study, a large-scale study on adolescent health, conducted in Northern Norway. Psychological distress was measured with the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-10). Serum-levels of the following low-grade inflammatory markers were measured: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α), tumor necrosis factor alpha variant 1 (TRANCE) and tumor necrosis factor alpha variant 2 (TWEAK). Associations between quartiles of inflammatory markers and HSCL-10 were examined by logistic regression and adjusted for potential confounders in sex-stratified analyses. Results The proportion of psychological distress above cutoff were 26.9% and 10.8% among girls and boys, respectively. In both girls and boys, crude analysis showed positive associations between all inflammatory markers and HSCL-10, except for TWEAK and TRANCE in boys. However, none of these associations were statistically significant. Further, there were no significant findings in the adjusted analyses. Conclusion There was a higher prevalence of psychological distress in girls compared to boys. Pro-inflammatory markers were not significantly associated with psychological distress in data from healthy adolescents aged 15–17 years. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40359-022-00779-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Linkas
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Lodve Langesgate 2, 8514, Narvik, Norway.
| | - Luai Awad Ahmed
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Gabor Csifcsak
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nina Emaus
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne-Sofie Furberg
- Faculty of Health and Care Sciences, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
| | - Guri Grimnes
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gunn Pettersen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kamilla Rognmo
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tore Christoffersen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,School of Sport Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Alta, Norway.,Finnmark Hospital Trust, Alta, Norway
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Validating MARK2 Gene Polymorphism as a Predictor of Response to Lithium Treatment in Bipolar Patients. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 26:110-5. [PMID: 34953473 PMCID: PMC8987413 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.26.2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Lithium is a therapeutic option for the treatment of the acute phase of the bipolar disorder and long-term management of this disorder. However, it is estimated that 10 to 60% of patients do not properly response to this medication. Methods To investigate the role of MARK2 gene in response to lithium, we genotyped the MARK2 rs10792421 polymorphism in Iranian bipolar patients using amplification Refractory Mutation System-PCR. Results Results of this study showed a significant association of this polymorphism with response to lithium. The A allele was more frequent in the responder than the non-responder group and also in the semi- responder group compared to the non-responder group in the codominant model of analysis. AA and AG genotypes were more frequent in both the responder and semi-responder groups compared to the non-responder group in dominant model of analysis. Conclusion Based on the findings of the current study, the rs10792421 variant of MARK2 gene could be considered as a potential biomarker for predicting the treatment outcome of bipolar disorder type 1 in Iranian population.
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Durcan G, Barut K, Haslak F, Yıldız M, Doktur H, Kadak MT, Koyuncu Z, Adrovic A, Sahin S, Dogangun B, Kasapcopur O. A preliminary study: relationship between inattention/hyperactivity and familial mediterranean fever in children and adolescents. Child Neuropsychol 2022; 28:903-917. [PMID: 35227169 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2028755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Durcan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kenan Barut
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Haslak
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yıldız
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hilal Doktur
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M. Tayyib Kadak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Koyuncu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amra Adrovic
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Sahin
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Dogangun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kasapcopur
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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30
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Gao* K, Ayati* M, Koyuturk M, Calabrese JR, Ganocy SJ, Kaye NM, Lazarus HM, Christian E, Kaplan D. Protein Biomarkers in Monocytes and CD4 + Lymphocytes for Predicting Lithium Treatment Response of Bipolar Disorder: a Feasibility Study with Tyramine-Based Signal-Amplified Flow Cytometry. PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN 2022; 52:8-35. [PMID: 35342205 PMCID: PMC8896753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To determine if enhanced flow cytometry (CellPrint™) can identify intracellular proteins of lithium responsiveness in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes from patients with bipolar disorder. Methods Eligible bipolar I or II patients were openly treated with lithium for 16-weeks. Baseline levels of Bcl2, BDNF, calmodulin, Fyn, phospho-Fyn/phospho-Yes, GSK3β, phospho-GSK3αβ, HMGB1, iNOS, IRS2, mTor, NLPR3, PGM1, PKA C-α, PPAR-γ, phospho-RelA, and TPH1 in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes of lithium responders and non-responders were measured with CellPrint™. Their utility of discriminating responders from non-responders was explored. Protein-protein network and pathway enrichment analyses were conducted. Results Of the 24 intent-to-treat patients, 12 patients completed the 16-week study. Eleven of 13 responders and 8 of 11 non-responders were available for this analysis. The levels of the majority of analytes in lithium responders were lower than non-responders in both cell types, but only the level of GSK3β in monocytes was significantly different (p = 0.034). The combination of GSK3β and phospho-GSK3αβ levels in monocytes correctly classified 11/11 responders and 5/8 non-responders. Combination of GSK3β, phospho-RelA, TPH1 and PGM1 correctly classified 10/11 responders and 6/7 non-responders, both with a likelihood of ≥ 85%. Prolactin, leptin, BDNF, neurotrophin, and epidermal growth factor/epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways are involved in the lithium treatment response. GSK3β and RelA genes are involved in 4 of 5 these pathways. Conclusion CellPrint™ flow cytometry was able to detect differences in multiple proteins in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes between lithium responders and non-responders. A large study is warranted to confirm or refute these findings.
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31
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Karthikeyan S, Dimick MK, Fiksenbaum L, Jeong H, Birmaher B, Kennedy JL, Lanctôt K, Levitt AJ, Miller GE, Schaffer A, Young LT, Youngstrom EA, Andreazza AC, Goldstein BI. Inflammatory markers, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and the symptomatic course of adolescent bipolar disorder: A prospective repeated-measures study. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 100:278-286. [PMID: 34896179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have found elevated pro-inflammatory markers and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) during symptomatic episodes of bipolar disorder (BD) in adults. There is a paucity of research examining these markers in youth with BD, or longitudinally in any BD age group. METHODS 79 adolescents, ages 13-19 years, were enrolled, including 43 symptomatic adolescents with BD and 36 age-matched healthy controls (HC). Blood samples were collected from all participants at intake, and repeatedly from BD participants at pre-specified intervals over the course of two years. Serum was assayed for levels of pro-inflammatory markers (c-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]), BDNF and the anti-inflammatory marker, IL-10. Week-by-week severity of mood symptoms was assessed using semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Adolescents with BD provided an average of 4.6 blood samples, on average every 5.0 months. During the most severe symptomatic interval (i.e., highest sum of mood symptom scores) among BD adolescents, levels of CRP (p = 0.01) and pro- to anti-inflammatory ratios (CRP/IL-10; p < 0.001 and IL-6/IL-10; p = 0.046) were significantly greater, and IL-10 levels (p = 0.004) were significantly lower, vs. HC. There were no differences between BD and HC in IL-6, TNF-α or BDNF. Within BD participants, higher BDNF (p = 0.01) and IL-10 levels (p = 0.001) significantly predicted greater burden of mood symptoms over the subsequent epoch. Moreover, higher CRP levels (p = 0.009) at intake predicted greater time to recovery from the index symptomatic episode. CONCLUSIONS In the first repeated-measures study on this topic in adolescents with BD, we found evidence that CRP, an inexpensive and ubiquitous blood test, may be useful in predicting the prospective course of BD symptoms. Future larger studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Karthikeyan
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mikaela K Dimick
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Hyunjin Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Boris Birmaher
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James L Kennedy
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krista Lanctôt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony J Levitt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory E Miller
- Institute for Policy Research & Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ayal Schaffer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Trevor Young
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric A Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ana C Andreazza
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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32
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Vascular and blood-brain barrier-related changes underlie stress responses and resilience in female mice and depression in human tissue. Nat Commun 2022; 13:164. [PMID: 35013188 PMCID: PMC8748803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevalence, symptoms, and treatment of depression suggest that major depressive disorders (MDD) present sex differences. Social stress-induced neurovascular pathology is associated with depressive symptoms in male mice; however, this association is unclear in females. Here, we report that chronic social and subchronic variable stress promotes blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations in mood-related brain regions of female mice. Targeted disruption of the BBB in the female prefrontal cortex (PFC) induces anxiety- and depression-like behaviours. By comparing the endothelium cell-specific transcriptomic profiling of the mouse male and female PFC, we identify several pathways and genes involved in maladaptive stress responses and resilience to stress. Furthermore, we confirm that the BBB in the PFC of stressed female mice is leaky. Then, we identify circulating vascular biomarkers of chronic stress, such as soluble E-selectin. Similar changes in circulating soluble E-selectin, BBB gene expression and morphology can be found in blood serum and postmortem brain samples from women diagnosed with MDD. Altogether, we propose that BBB dysfunction plays an important role in modulating stress responses in female mice and possibly MDD.
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33
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Skibinska M, Rajewska-Rager A, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Kapelski P, Lepczynska N, Kaczmarek M, Pawlak J. Interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in youth with mood disorders-A longitudinal study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:964538. [PMID: 36032249 PMCID: PMC9403049 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.964538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the most disabling psychiatric illnesses. Over half of BD patients experienced early onset of the disease, and in most cases, it begins with a depressed mood episode. Up to 50% of adolescents initially diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) convert to bipolar spectrum disorder. Diagnostic tools or biomarkers to facilitate the prediction of diagnosis conversion from MDD to BD are still lacking. Our study aimed to find biomarkers of diagnosis conversion in young patients with mood disorders. We performed a 2-year follow-up study on 69 adolescent patients diagnosed with MDD or BD. The control group consisted of 31 healthy youths. We monitored diagnosis change from MDD to BD. Impulsiveness was assessed using Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and defense mechanisms using Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40). According to the immunological hypothesis of mood disorders, we investigated baseline cytokines levels either in depressive or hypomanic/manic episodes. We correlated interleukin 8 (IL-8) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels with clinical factors. We detected higher IL-8 and TNF-alpha in patients in hypomanic/manic compared to depressed episodes. We found correlations of cytokine levels with immature defense style. We did not discover predictors of diagnosis conversion from MDD to BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Skibinska
- Protein Biomarkers Unit, Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Pawel Kapelski
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Lepczynska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Pawlak
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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34
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Toenders YJ, Laskaris L, Davey CG, Berk M, Milaneschi Y, Lamers F, Penninx BWJH, Schmaal L. Inflammation and depression in young people: a systematic review and proposed inflammatory pathways. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:315-327. [PMID: 34635789 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01306-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Depression onset peaks during adolescence and young adulthood. Current treatments are only moderately effective, driving the search for novel pathophysiological mechanisms underlying youth depression. Inflammatory dysregulation has been shown in adults with depression, however, less is known about inflammation in youth depression. This systematic review identified 109 studies examining the association between inflammation and youth depression and showed subtle evidence for inflammatory dysregulation in youth depression. Longitudinal studies support the bidirectional association between inflammation and depression in youth. We hypothesise multiple inflammatory pathways contributing to depression. More research is needed on anti-inflammatory treatments, potentially tailored to individual symptom profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara J Toenders
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Liliana Laskaris
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher G Davey
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,IMPACT-the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Department of Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Department of Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Department of Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia. .,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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35
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Guan Y, Wang J, Wu X, Song L, Wang Y, Gong M, Li B. Quercetin reverses chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like behavior in vivo by involving nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2. Brain Res 2021; 1772:147661. [PMID: 34529966 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid compound rich in many natural plants with a wide range of pharmacological effects and nutritional value. Although previous studies have initially shown the antidepressant effect of quercetin in some models. However, the exact mechanism of the antidepressant effect of quercetin on the depression model induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is still unclear or has not been clearly elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effect of quercetin in vivo on a CUMS-induced depression model that is closest to human depression, and to explore its mechanism of action around nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) related signaling pathways, for the first time. Our results demonstrated that CUMS for 21 consecutive days caused significant decreases in the sucrose preference, and the horizontal score and vertical score in the open field test of mice respectively by 22.6%, 34.4%, and 66.6% (all P < 0.01), and a significant increase in the immobility time during the forced swimming test by 110.5% (P < 0.01), but fortunately, after chronic oral administration of high dose quercetin at 40 mg/kg, the abnormalities of the above indicators were significantly reversed by 26.2%, 40.1%, 152.7%, 43.5% (all P < 0.01). Further western blot analysis showed that CUMS caused the phosphorylation or expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins in the hippocampus of mice to significantly down-regulate by 60.0%, 72.1%, 90.0% and 50.1% (all P < 0.01), while after chronic oral administration of high dose quercetin at 40 mg/kg, the abnormalities of these proteins were significantly up-regulated by 85.8%, 182.0%, 325.1% and 60.3% (all P < 0.01). In addition, CUMS also caused significant reduction in the levels of antioxidants including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s transferase (GST) in the mice hippocampus by 51.3%, 40.3% (both P < 0.01), while after chronic oral administration of high dose quercetin at 40 mg/kg, the abnormalities of the above indicators were significantly reversed by 69.2% and 49.5% (both P < 0.01), as well as significant elevation in the levels of lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA), inflammation medium nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by 156.4%, 255.4% and 72.7% (all P < 0.01), while after chronic oral administration of high dose quercetin at 40 mg/kg, the abnormalities of the above indicators were significantly reversed by 45.9%, 26.8% and 55.2% (all P < 0.01). The medium dose of quercetin (20 mg/kg) only reversed some of the above indicators, while the low dose of quercetin (10 mg/kg) had no reversal effect on the above indicators. Collectively, the present study confirmed for the first time that quercetin weakened CUMS-induced depression in vivo, and its mechanism was at least partially attributable to the upregulation of hippocampal Nrf2 and the inhibition of iNOS, thereby correcting the central inflammatory response, and the imbalance between oxidation and antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechen Guan
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Junming Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lingling Song
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mingzhu Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Bingyin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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36
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Kwon S, Cheon SY. Influence of the inflammasome complex on psychiatric disorders: clinical and preclinical studies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:897-907. [PMID: 34755582 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.2005027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The innate immune complex, an inflammasome complex, has a role in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the inflammasome activation leads to psychiatric disorders and clinical studies have proved that specific psychiatric illnesses are associated with aberrant levels of inflammatory cytokines and inflammasome. The inflammasome complex could be a major factor in the progression and pathology of psychiatric disorders. AREA COVERED We discuss the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders with respect to the activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasome-associated inflammatory cytokines are observed in patients and animal models of psychiatric disorders. The article also reflects on inflammasome regulatory options for the prevention and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Relevant literature available on PubMed from 1992 to 2021 has been included in this review. EXPERT OPINION Modulating the inflammasome complex is a potential therapeutic strategy to treat symptom severity for patients with psychiatric disorders, particularly those with inflammasome-associated disorders. However, the nature of the psychiatric disorders should be considered when targeting inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghark Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeong Cheon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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37
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Benevenuto D, Saxena K, Fries GR, Valvassori SS, Kahlon R, Saxena J, Kurian S, Zeni CP, Kazimi IF, Scaini G, Soares JC, Quevedo J. Alterations in plasma kynurenine pathway metabolites in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder and unaffected offspring of bipolar parents: A preliminary study. Bipolar Disord 2021; 23:689-696. [PMID: 33098737 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been growing scientific evidence in recent years that bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with alterations in the kynurenine (KYN) pathway. However, many of these studies have been limited by their focus on adults. Thus, this preliminary study investigated differences in the peripheral levels of KYN metabolites in children and adolescents with BD, unaffected offspring of parents with BD, and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Plasma samples were collected from 49 youths with BD, 19 bipolar offspring, and 31 HCs. Tryptophan (TRP), KYN, and kynurenic acid (KYNA) were separated using electrospray ionization. RESULTS One-Way ANCOVA after controlling for age, gender, race, BMI-for-age, and smoking status showed that BD had lower levels of KYN, while unaffected high-risk offspring subjects had lower levels of TRP, KYN, and KYNA when compared to HCs. Moreover, we found that KYN, KYN/TRP, and KYNA/KYN levels predicted the severity of depressive symptoms, while the YMRS score was not associated with any metabolite. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this preliminary study has shown that KYN metabolites are decreased in both affected and unaffected subjects, strengthening the idea that the KYN pathway might underlie the familial risk of BD shown by high-risk offspring individuals. However, longitudinal studies are needed to examine whether the alterations observed in this study represent early markers of risk for later developing BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Benevenuto
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kirti Saxena
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Ramandeep Kahlon
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Johanna Saxena
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sherin Kurian
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian P Zeni
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Iram F Kazimi
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jair C Soares
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Evidence suggests that around 30 % of patients with depression do not respond to antidepressant treatment, with most of them having sub-chronic levels of inflammation. Soluble epoxide hydrolases (sEH) are enzymes present in all living organisms, which metabolize cytochrome P (CYP)-derived epoxy fatty acids to their corresponding diols. Accumulating evidence suggests that sEH plays a key role in the anti-inflammatory properties exerted by the metabolism of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs). Crucial evidence demonstrates that protein expression of sEH in the brain of mice experiencing depressive-like behaviour, as well as in patients with major depressive disorder is higher than in controls. Of note, treatment with sEH inhibitors exert anti-inflammatory, neurogenic and antidepressant-like effects in pre-clinical models of depression. In this review, the author discusses the role of sEH in the metabolism of ω-3 PUFAs in the context of depression, and the clinical value of sEH inhibitors as alternative therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Borsini
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, UK
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Molinaro M, Adams HR, Mwanza-Kabaghe S, Mbewe EG, Kabundula PP, Mweemba M, Birbeck GL, Bearden DR. Evaluating the Relationship Between Depression and Cognitive Function Among Children and Adolescents with HIV in Zambia. AIDS Behav 2021; 25:2669-2679. [PMID: 33630200 PMCID: PMC8456506 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Depression is common among people living with HIV. Multiple studies demonstrate a link between depression and cognitive dysfunction in adults with HIV, but the association has been minimally investigated in children and adolescents with HIV in Africa. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis as part of the HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Zambia study, a prospective cohort study in Lusaka, Zambia. We included 208 perinatally-infected children with HIV ages 8-17 taking antiretroviral therapy and 208 HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) controls. Cognition was assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using self-report and parent-report versions of the NIH Toolbox Sadness module and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Risk factors for depression and associations between depressive symptoms and cognition were evaluated in bivariable and multivariable regression models. Participants with HIV demonstrated higher levels of depressive symptoms than controls (mean NIH Toolbox Sadness T-Score 50 vs. 44, p < 0.01; mean PHQ-9 score 2.0 vs. 1.5, p = 0.03), and were more likely to have cognitive impairment (30% vs. 13%, p < 0.001). Risk factors for depressed mood included self-reported poor health (OR 7.8, p < 0.001) and negative life events (OR 1.3, p = 0.004) Depressed mood was associated with cognitive impairment in participants with HIV (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.2-7.2, p = 0.02) but not in HEU participants (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.18-15.7, p = 0.6). In conclusion, depressed mood is common among youth with HIV in Zambia, and is associated with cognitive impairment. Depression may be a result of HIV-related stress and stigma, or may be part of the spectrum of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. The causal relationship between depressed mood and cognitive impairment is unclear and should be evaluated in future longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather R Adams
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 631, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | | | - Esau G Mbewe
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Milimo Mweemba
- University Teaching Hospital Neurology Research Office, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Gretchen L Birbeck
- Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Rochester, NY, USA
- University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - David R Bearden
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 631, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
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Xanthohumol Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive Like Behavior in Mice: Involvement of NF-κB/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:3135-3148. [PMID: 34398408 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03396-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder associated with brain and immune system abnormalities. In recent years, xanthohumol (Xn) a bioactive prenylated flavonoid has received ample attention for its polypharmacological effects, therefore, here we aimed to explore the protective effects of Xn against the LPS-induced depressive-like symptoms mediated by inflammation and oxidative stress. We tested the effect of Xn against LPS-induced behavioural changes in mice by means of forced swimming test (FST), tail suspention test (TST), sucrose preference test (SPT) and open field test (OPT). Examined the neuroinflammation and oxido-nitrosative stress (O&NS) markers and analyze Nrf2 and NF-κB signalling pathways in the hippocampus. Our results indicated that peripheral repeated administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (1 mg/kg, intra peritoneally) induced depressive-like behavior, neuroinflammation and O&NS in mice. Pretreatment with Xn (10 and 20 mg/kg, intra gastrically) reverse the behavioural impairments prophylactically as obvious in the FST and TST without effecting locomotion, however only 20 mg dose improve anhedonic behavior as observed in SPT. Similarly, Xn pretreatment in dose-dependent manner prevented the LPS induced neuro-inflammation and O&NS. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that Xn reduced activated gliosis via attenuation of Iba-1 and GFAP in hippocampus. In addition, Xn considerably reduced the expression of phospho-NF-κB and cleaved caspase-3 while enhanced Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in the hippocampus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the underlying beneficial prophylactic effects of the Xn in neuroinflammation and O&NS mediating depressive-like behaviors.
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Bekhbat M, Mukhara D, Dozmorov MG, Stansfield JC, Benusa SD, Hyer MM, Rowson SA, Kelly SD, Qin Z, Dupree JL, Tharp GK, Tansey MG, Neigh GN. Adolescent stress sensitizes the adult neuroimmune transcriptome and leads to sex-specific microglial and behavioral phenotypes. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:949-958. [PMID: 33558677 PMCID: PMC8115118 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-00970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent exposure to chronic stress, a risk factor for mood disorders in adulthood, sensitizes the neuroinflammatory response to a subsequent immune challenge. We previously showed that chronic adolescent stress (CAS) in rats led to distinct patterns of neuroimmune priming in adult male and female rats. However, sex differences in the neuroimmune consequences of CAS and their underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we hypothesized that biological sex would dictate differential induction of inflammation-related transcriptomic pathways and immune cell involvement (microglia activation and leukocyte presence) in the hippocampus of male and female rats with a history of CAS. Adolescent rats underwent CAS (six restraint and six social defeat episodes during postnatal days 38-49), and behavioral assessments were conducted in adolescence and adulthood. Neuroimmune measures were obtained following vehicle or a systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in adulthood. CAS led to increased time in the corners of the open field in adolescence. In males, CAS also increased social avoidance. As adults, CAS rats displayed an exaggerated enrichment of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) pathway and chemokine induction following LPS challenge, and increased number of perivascular CD45+ cells in the hippocampus. However, CAS females, but not males, showed exaggerated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) pathway enrichment and increased microglial complexity. These results provide further insight to the mechanisms by which peripheral immune events may influence neuroimmune responses differentially among males and females and further demonstrate the importance of adolescent stress in shaping adult responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandakh Bekhbat
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Deepika Mukhara
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Mikhail G. Dozmorov
- grid.417264.20000 0001 2194 2791Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - John C. Stansfield
- grid.417264.20000 0001 2194 2791Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Savannah D. Benusa
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Molly M. Hyer
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Sydney A. Rowson
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Sean D. Kelly
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Zhaohui Qin
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Dupree
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Gregory K. Tharp
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Division of Developmental & Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Malú G. Tansey
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Gretchen N. Neigh
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA ,grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
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Pu X, Li J, Ma X, Yang S, Wang L. The functional polymorphisms linked with interleukin-1β gene expression are associated with bipolar disorder. Psychiatr Genet 2021; 31:72-78. [PMID: 33707400 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric illness attributable to multifactorial risk components (e.g. environmental stimuli, neuroinflammation, etc.), and genetic variations affecting these risk components are considered pivotal predisposing factors. The interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene and its protein product have been repeatedly highlighted in the pathogenesis of BD. As functional polymorphisms and haplotypes linked with IL-1β mRNA expression have been reported, whether they are correlated with the risk of developing BD remains to be tested. METHODS To examine whether variations in the IL-1β gene locus confer genetic risk of BD, we recruited 930 BD patients and 912 healthy controls for the current study. All subjects were Han Chinese, and were age- and gender-matched. We tested seven functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the IL-1β gene and one haplotype composed of three SNPs for their associations with risk of BD. RESULTS We found that the functional SNPs in the promoter region of IL-1β gene were significantly associated with risk of BD. The haplotype analyses further supported the involvement of IL-1β promoter SNPs in BD. The BD risk SNPs in our study have been previously reported to predict higher IL-1β levels in the brain and peripheral blood, which is consistent with the clinical observation of elevated IL-1β levels in the lymphocytes or peripheral blood of patients with BD compared with healthy subjects. CONCLUSION Our results support the contention that IL-1β is likely a risk gene for BD, and further investigations on this gene may promote our understanding and clinical management of this illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Pu
- The Second People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, Yunnan, China
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Inflammation-Related Changes in Mood Disorders and the Immunomodulatory Role of Lithium. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041532. [PMID: 33546417 PMCID: PMC7913492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders are chronic, recurrent diseases characterized by changes in mood and emotions. The most common are major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Molecular biology studies have indicated an involvement of the immune system in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, and showed their correlation with altered levels of inflammatory markers and energy metabolism. Previous reports, including meta-analyses, also suggested the role of microglia activation in the M1 polarized macrophages, reflecting the pro-inflammatory phenotype. Lithium is an effective mood stabilizer used to treat both manic and depressive episodes in bipolar disorder, and as an augmentation of the antidepressant treatment of depression with a multidimensional mode of action. This review aims to summarize the molecular studies regarding inflammation, microglia activation and energy metabolism changes in mood disorders. We also aimed to outline the impact of lithium on these changes and discuss its immunomodulatory effect in mood disorders.
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Lopizzo N, Mazzelli M, Zonca V, Begni V, D'Aprile I, Cattane N, Pariante CM, Riva MA, Cattaneo A. Alterations in 'inflammatory' pathways in the rat prefrontal cortex as early biological predictors of the long-term negative consequences of exposure to stress early in life. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 124:104794. [PMID: 33429258 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Early life stress, especially when experienced during the first period of life, affects the brain developmental trajectories leading to an enhanced vulnerability for stress-related psychiatric disorders later in life. Although both clinical and preclinical studies clearly support this association, the biological pathways deregulated by such exposure, and the effects in shaping the neurodevelopmental trajectories, have so far been poorly investigated. By using the prenatal stress (PNS) model, a well-established rat model of early life stress, we performed transcriptomic analyses in the prefrontal cortex of rats exposed or not to PNS and sacrificed at different postnatal days (PNDs 21, 40, 62). We first investigated the long-lasting mechanisms and pathways affected in the PFC. We have decided to focus on the prefrontal cortex because we have previously shown that this brain region is highly sensitive to PNS exposure. We found that adult animals exposed to PNS show alterations in 389 genes, mainly involved in stress and inflammatory signalling. We then wanted to establish whether PNS exposure could also affect the neurodevelopmental trajectories in order to identify the most critical temporal window. We found that PNS rats show the most significant changes during adolescence (between PND 40 versus PND 21), with alterations of several pathways related to stress, inflammation and metabolism, which were maintained until adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Lopizzo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Mazzelli
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Zonca
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Veronica Begni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Ilari D'Aprile
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nadia Cattane
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Marco A Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Italy.
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Higher levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-α are associated with an increased probability of major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2021; 295:113568. [PMID: 33199026 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating psychiatric disease. The dysregulated cytokines in depression are assumed due to the hyperactivation of the immune system. Here we aimed to evaluate the serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in MDD. This study recruited 87 MDD patients and 87 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). The increased levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-α were observed among MDD patients. These higher levels of peripheral markers were positively correlated with the severity of depression. Therefore, the elevated levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-α might be used as risk assessment indicators for depression.
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Colasanto M, Madigan S, Korczak DJ. Depression and inflammation among children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2020; 277:940-948. [PMID: 33065836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that youth with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) exhibit early indicators of cardiovascular disease. A leading hypothesized mechanism of this association is via inflammatory pathways, however, results examining this direct association are mixed. Our objective was to synthesize and quantify observational studies examining the association of depression and inflammation among children and adolescents. METHODS Electronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus, yielding 2,757 non-duplicate records from 1946 to 2019. The included studies measured depression or depressive symptoms and examined its association with inflammation in participants younger than 18 years. All relevant articles were reviewed and data extracted by two independent coders. Estimates were examined by using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-two studies (20,791 participants) were included. Significant associations were observed between concurrent depression and CRP (n = 7; r = 0.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.04 to 0.19), and IL-6 (n = 7; r = 0.17; 95% CI= 0.10 to 0.24). Longitudinal analyses revealed that depression is a significant predictor of IL-6 (n = 3; r = 0.29; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.50) and conversely, that inflammation (measured by CRP or IL-6) predicts future depression (n = 4; r = 0.04; 95% CI= 0.00 to 0.08). LIMITATIONS Results are limited by the small number of studies preventing examination of some moderator variables. Findings are correlational, not causal. CONCLUSION Depression is positively associated with concurrent and future inflammation among children and adolescents. Results suggest that bidirectional associations may exist between depression and a pro-inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Colasanto
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sheri Madigan
- University of Calgary, Calgary, ON, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daphne J Korczak
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Morris G, Puri BK, Olive L, Carvalho A, Berk M, Walder K, Gustad LT, Maes M. Endothelial dysfunction in neuroprogressive disorders-causes and suggested treatments. BMC Med 2020; 18:305. [PMID: 33070778 PMCID: PMC7570030 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potential routes whereby systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may drive the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, even in an environment of low cholesterol, are examined. MAIN TEXT Key molecular players involved in the regulation of endothelial cell function are described, including PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGFRs, SFK, Rho GEF TRIO, RAC-1, ITAM, SHP-2, MAPK/ERK, STAT-3, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, eNOS, nitric oxide, miRNAs, KLF-4 and KLF-2. The key roles of platelet activation, xanthene oxidase and myeloperoxidase in the genesis of endothelial cell dysfunction and activation are detailed. The following roles of circulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the development of endothelial cell dysfunction are then described: paracrine signalling by circulating hydrogen peroxide, inhibition of eNOS and increased levels of mitochondrial ROS, including compromised mitochondrial dynamics, loss of calcium ion homeostasis and inactivation of SIRT-1-mediated signalling pathways. Next, loss of cellular redox homeostasis is considered, including further aspects of the roles of hydrogen peroxide signalling, the pathological consequences of elevated NF-κB, compromised S-nitrosylation and the development of hypernitrosylation and increased transcription of atherogenic miRNAs. These molecular aspects are then applied to neuroprogressive disorders by considering the following potential generators of endothelial dysfunction and activation in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: NF-κB; platelet activation; atherogenic miRs; myeloperoxidase; xanthene oxidase and uric acid; and inflammation, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Finally, on the basis of the above molecular mechanisms, details are given of potential treatment options for mitigating endothelial cell dysfunction and activation in neuroprogressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Olive
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andre Carvalho
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ken Walder
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lise Tuset Gustad
- Department of Circulation and medical imaging, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Murata S, Murphy M, Hoppensteadt D, Fareed J, Welborn A, Halaris A. Effects of adjunctive inflammatory modulation on IL-1β in treatment resistant bipolar depression. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:369-376. [PMID: 31923551 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjunctive inflammatory modulation improved remission rates in treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRBDD), but reliable biomarkers must be established to characterize the biosignature of TRBDD and the mechanisms underlying treatment response. In this molecular profiling study, we describe TRBDD and treatment response from the standpoint of interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β) and KYN/TRP. METHODS 47 TRBDD patients with moderately severe HAMD-17 scores were randomized to receive either escitalopram (ESC) (10 mg-40 mg daily dose range) + celecoxib (CBX) (200 mg twice daily), or ESC (10 mg-40 mg daily dose range) + placebo (PBO) (twice daily). Plasma cytokine levels were measured in both treatment arms at baseline and week 8, and in a healthy control (HC) group of subjects (N = 43) once. A linear mixed model (LMM) was applied to evaluate whether clinical outcome is related to CBX and changes to biomarkers throughout treatment. A binary logistic regression model was formulated from this series to predict both the primary outcome of treatment response to CBX, and the secondary outcome of diagnosis of TRBDD using age, BMI, gender, and IL-1β at baseline. RESULTS Patients receiving ESC + CBX had 4.278 greater odds of responding (p = 0.021) with NNT = 3, and 15.300 times more likely to remit (p < 0.001) with NNT = 2, compared with ESC + PBO patients. Patient BMI (p = 0.003), baseline IL-1β (p = 0.004), and baseline KYN/TRP (p = 0.001) were most predictive of TRBDD diagnosis. By Week 8, responders showed a downtrend in IL-1β compared to non-responders in the ESC + CBX treatment arm. However, there was no statistical difference in the IL-1β or KYN/TRP change after treatment between placebo and ESC + CBX group responders/non-responders (p = 0.239, and p = 0.146, respectively). While baseline IL-1β was elevated in TRBDD compared to HC (p < 0.001), there was no difference in IL-1β between treatment responders at Week 8 compared to HC (p = 0.067). CONCLUSIONS Elevated IL-1β and low KYN/TRP at baseline are components of the TRBDD molecular signature. CBX but not baseline IL-1β or KYN/TRP predict treatment response. Change in IL-1β and KYN/TRP did not predict treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Murata
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Murphy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Debra Hoppensteadt
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amanda Welborn
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Angelos Halaris
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Mansur RB, Delgado-Peraza F, Subramaniapillai M, Lee Y, Iacobucci M, Rodrigues N, Rosenblat JD, Brietzke E, Cosgrove VE, Kramer NE, Suppes T, Raison CL, Chawla S, Nogueras-Ortiz C, McIntyre RS, Kapogiannis D. Extracellular Vesicle Biomarkers Reveal Inhibition of Neuroinflammation by Infliximab in Association with Antidepressant Response in Adults with Bipolar Depression. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040895. [PMID: 32268604 PMCID: PMC7226726 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is involved in bipolar disorder (BD) pathogenesis. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) antagonist infliximab was recently reported to improve depressive symptoms in a subpopulation of individuals with BD and history of childhood maltreatment. To explore the mechanistic mediators of infliximab's effects, we investigated its engagement with biomarkers of cellular response to inflammation derived from plasma extracellular vesicles enriched for neuronal origin (NEVs). We hypothesized that infliximab, compared to placebo, would decrease TNF-α receptors (TNFRs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway signaling biomarkers, and that history of childhood abuse would moderate infliximab's effects. We immunocaptured NEVs from plasma samples collected at baseline and at weeks 2, 6, and 12 (endpoint) from 55 participants of this clinical trial and measured NEV biomarkers using immunoassays. A subset of participants (n = 27) also underwent whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and endpoint. Childhood physical abuse moderated treatment by time interactions for TNFR1 (χ2 = 9.275, p = 0.026), NF-κB (χ2 = 13.825, p = 0.003), and inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) (χ2 = 7.990, p = 0.046), indicating that higher levels of physical abuse were associated with larger biomarker decreases over time. Moreover, the antidepressant response to infliximab was moderated by TNFR1 (χ2 = 7.997, p = 0.046). In infliximab-treated participants, reductions in TNFR1 levels were associated with improvement of depressive symptoms, an effect not detected in the placebo group. Conversely, reductions in TNFR1 levels were associated with increased global cortical thickness in infliximab- (r = -0.581, p = 0.029), but not placebo-treated, patients (r = 0.196, p = 0.501). In conclusion, we report that NEVs revealed that infliximab engaged the TNFR/NF-κB neuro-inflammatory pathway in individuals with BD, in a childhood trauma-dependent manner, which was associated with clinical response and brain structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo B. Mansur
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.S.); (Y.L.); (M.I.); (N.R.); (J.D.R.); (E.B.); (R.S.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +4166-0358-00; Fax: +4166-0353-68
| | - Francheska Delgado-Peraza
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), Baltimore, MD 20892, USA; (F.D.-P.); (S.C.); (C.N.-O.); (D.K.)
| | - Mehala Subramaniapillai
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.S.); (Y.L.); (M.I.); (N.R.); (J.D.R.); (E.B.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Yena Lee
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.S.); (Y.L.); (M.I.); (N.R.); (J.D.R.); (E.B.); (R.S.M.)
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Michelle Iacobucci
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.S.); (Y.L.); (M.I.); (N.R.); (J.D.R.); (E.B.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Nelson Rodrigues
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.S.); (Y.L.); (M.I.); (N.R.); (J.D.R.); (E.B.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Joshua D. Rosenblat
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.S.); (Y.L.); (M.I.); (N.R.); (J.D.R.); (E.B.); (R.S.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.S.); (Y.L.); (M.I.); (N.R.); (J.D.R.); (E.B.); (R.S.M.)
- Kingston General Hospital, Providence Care Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON K7L 4X3, Canada
| | - Victoria E. Cosgrove
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (V.E.C.); (N.E.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Nicole E. Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (V.E.C.); (N.E.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Trisha Suppes
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (V.E.C.); (N.E.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Charles L. Raison
- School of Human Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 30322, USA
| | - Sahil Chawla
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), Baltimore, MD 20892, USA; (F.D.-P.); (S.C.); (C.N.-O.); (D.K.)
| | - Carlos Nogueras-Ortiz
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), Baltimore, MD 20892, USA; (F.D.-P.); (S.C.); (C.N.-O.); (D.K.)
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.S.); (Y.L.); (M.I.); (N.R.); (J.D.R.); (E.B.); (R.S.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIA/NIH), Baltimore, MD 20892, USA; (F.D.-P.); (S.C.); (C.N.-O.); (D.K.)
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Sex-specific effects of developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on neuroimmune and dopaminergic endpoints in adolescent rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2020; 79:106880. [PMID: 32259577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental contaminants early in life can have long lasting consequences for physiological function. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of ubiquitous contaminants that perturb endocrine signaling and have been associated with altered immune function in children. In this study, we examined the effects of developmental exposure to PCBs on neuroimmune responses to an inflammatory challenge during adolescence. Sprague Dawley rat dams were exposed to a PCB mixture (Aroclor 1242, 1248, 1254, 1:1:1, 20 μg/kg/day) or oil control throughout pregnancy, and adolescent male and female offspring were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 μg/kg, ip) or saline control prior to euthanasia. Gene expression profiling was conducted in the hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex, striatum, and midbrain. In the hypothalamus, PCBs increased expression of genes involved in neuroimmune function, including those within the nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB) complex, independent of LPS challenge. PCB exposure also increased expression of receptors for dopamine, serotonin, and estrogen in this region. In contrast, in the prefrontal cortex, PCB exposure blunted or induced irregular neuroimmune gene expression responses to LPS challenge. Moreover, neither PCB nor LPS exposure altered expression of neurotransmitter receptors throughout the mesocorticolimbic circuit. Almost all effects were present in males but not females, in agreement with the idea that male neuroimmune cells are more sensitive to perturbation and emphasizing the importance of studying both male and female subjects. Given that altered neuroimmune signaling has been implicated in mental health and substance abuse disorders that often begin during adolescence, these results highlight neuroimmune processes as another mechanism by which early life PCBs can alter brain function later in life.
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