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Naidoo K, Oliver SV. Gene drives: an alternative approach to malaria control? Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41434-024-00468-8. [PMID: 39039203 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-024-00468-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Genetic modification for the control of mosquitoes is frequently touted as a solution for a variety of vector-borne diseases. There has been some success using non-insecticidal methods like sterile or incompatible insect techniques to control arbovirus diseases. However, control by genetic modifications to reduce mosquito populations or create mosquitoes that are refractory to infection with pathogens are less developed. The advent of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene drives may advance this mechanism of control. In this review, use and progress of gene drives for vector control, particularly for malaria, is discussed. A brief history of population suppression and replacement gene drives in mosquitoes, rapid advancement of the field over the last decade and how genetic modification fits into the current scope of vector control are described. Mechanisms of alternative vector control by genetic modification to modulate mosquitoes' immune responses and anti-parasite effector molecules as part of a combinational strategy to combat malaria are considered. Finally, the limitations and ethics of using gene drives for mosquito control are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubendran Naidoo
- SAMRC/Wits Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute (IDORI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Shüné V Oliver
- Wits Research Institute for Malaria, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
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2
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Hapugoda M, Gunawardena NS, Ranathunge T, Bouyer J, Maiga H, Karunathilake K, Withanage GP, Weerasinghe I, Sow BBD, Harishchandra J. Mark-Release-Recapture (MRR) of Sterile Male Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in Sri Lanka: Field Performance of Sterile Males and Estimation of the Wild Mosquito Population Density. INSECTS 2024; 15:466. [PMID: 39057199 PMCID: PMC11276655 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Dengue is an important mosquito-borne disease in Sri Lanka. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is an environment-friendly and novel method that can suppress dengue vector mosquitoes in Sri Lanka. This study aimed to evaluate the field performance of sterile males and the density of wild male Aedes albopictus (Skuse) using a Mark-Release-Recapture (MRR) assay. Laboratory-colonized male pupae were exposed to 50 Gy gamma using a Co60 source. Sterile males (approx. 10,000) marked with fluorescent dust were released weekly for 4 consecutive weeks (January-February 2021) in a geographically isolated 30 ha site in Gampaha. Results show sterile males could disperse up to 543.8 m with a mean distance of 255.1 ± 44.6 m and survive up to 6 days with a mean life expectancy of 3.55 ± 2.32 days. A high field mating competitiveness of sterile males based on a Fried value of 0.47 ± 0.007 and significant induced sterility in the wild eggs in the second generation were found. The mean wild male mosquito population density was 163 males/ha. The data generated will be useful for designing future trials in Sri Lanka and other countries with similar situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menaka Hapugoda
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama 11010, Sri Lanka; (N.S.G.); (G.P.W.)
| | - Nilmini Silva Gunawardena
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama 11010, Sri Lanka; (N.S.G.); (G.P.W.)
| | - Tharaka Ranathunge
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Eastern University, Batticaloa 30000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.); (H.M.)
- UMR ASTRE (Animal Santé Territoires Risques et Ecosystèmes), CIRAD, Plate Forme CYROI, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97491 Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.); (H.M.)
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 545, Burkina Faso;
| | - Kankanige Karunathilake
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya 11010, Sri Lanka;
| | - Gayan Parakrama Withanage
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama 11010, Sri Lanka; (N.S.G.); (G.P.W.)
| | - Indika Weerasinghe
- National Dengue Control Unit, Public Health Complex, Ministry of Health, Narahenpita, Colombo 01000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Bazoumana B. D. Sow
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 545, Burkina Faso;
| | - Jeevanie Harishchandra
- Anti-Malaria Campaign (AMC), Public Health Complex, Ministry of Health, Narahenpita, Colombo 01000, Sri Lanka;
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Balatsos G, Karras V, Puggioli A, Balestrino F, Bellini R, Papachristos DP, Milonas PG, Papadopoulos NT, Malfacini M, Carrieri M, Kapranas A, Mamai W, Mastronikolos G, Lytra I, Bouyer J, Michaelakis A. Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) field trial targeting the suppression of Aedes albopictus in Greece. Parasite 2024; 31:17. [PMID: 38530210 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2024020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) involves releasing large numbers of sterile males to outcompete wild males in mating with females, leading to a decline in pest populations. In the current study, we conducted a suppression trial in Greece against the invasive dengue vector mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) through the weekly release of sterile males for 22 weeks from June to September 2019. Our approach included the long-distance transport of sterile mosquitoes, and their release at a density of 2,547 ± 159 sterile males per hectare per week as part of an area-wide integrated pest management strategy (AW-IPM). The repeated releases of sterile males resulted in a gradual reduction in egg density, reaching 78% from mid-June to early September. This reduction remained between 70% and 78% for four weeks after the end of the releases. Additionally, in the SIT intervention area, the ovitrap index, representing the percentage of traps containing eggs, remained lower throughout the trial than in the control area. This trial represents a significant advance in the field of mosquito control, as it explores the viability and efficacy of producing and transporting sterile males from a distant facility to the release area. Our results provide valuable insights for future SIT programmes targeting Ae. Albopictus, and the methodology we employed can serve as a starting point for developing more refined and effective release protocols, including the transportation of sterile males over long distances from production units to intervention areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Balatsos
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
| | - Vasileios Karras
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
| | - Arianna Puggioli
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", 40014 Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Balestrino
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, A-2444 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", 40014 Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Dimitrios P Papachristos
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
| | - Panagiotis G Milonas
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
| | - Nikos T Papadopoulos
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Magnisias, Greece
| | - Marco Malfacini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", 40014 Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Marco Carrieri
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", 40014 Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Apostolos Kapranas
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology (Entomology), School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, A-2444 Vienna, Austria
| | - George Mastronikolos
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Magnisias, Greece
| | - Ioanna Lytra
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, A-2444 Vienna, Austria - ASTRE, CIRAD, 34398 Montpellier, France - ASTRE, Cirad, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
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Zhang D, Maiga H, Li Y, Bakhoum MT, Wang G, Sun Y, Damiens D, Mamai W, Bimbilé Somda NS, Wallner T, Bueno-Masso O, Martina C, Kotla SS, Yamada H, Lu D, Tan CH, Guo J, Feng Q, Zhang J, Zhao X, Paerhande D, Pan W, Wu Y, Zheng X, Wu Z, Xi Z, Vreysen MJB, Bouyer J. Mating harassment may boost the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique for Aedes mosquitoes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1980. [PMID: 38438367 PMCID: PMC10912119 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The sterile insect technique is based on the overflooding of a target population with released sterile males inducing sterility in the wild female population. It has proven to be effective against several insect pest species of agricultural and veterinary importance and is under development for Aedes mosquitoes. Here, we show that the release of sterile males at high sterile male to wild female ratios may also impact the target female population through mating harassment. Under laboratory conditions, male to female ratios above 50 to 1 reduce the longevity of female Aedes mosquitoes by reducing their feeding success. Under controlled conditions, blood uptake of females from an artificial host or from a mouse and biting rates on humans are also reduced. Finally, in a field trial conducted in a 1.17 ha area in China, the female biting rate is reduced by 80%, concurrent to a reduction of female mosquito density of 40% due to the swarming of males around humans attempting to mate with the female mosquitoes. This suggests that the sterile insect technique does not only suppress mosquito vector populations through the induction of sterility, but may also reduce disease transmission due to increased female mortality and lower host contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjing Zhang
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest (IRSS-DRO), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Wolbaki Biotech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mame Thierno Bakhoum
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest (IRSS-DRO), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles, Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires, BP 2057, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Gang Wang
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - David Damiens
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/Université de Montpellier), IRD Réunion/GIP CYROI (Recherche Santé Bio-innovation), Sainte Clotilde, Reunion Island, France
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Science et Technologie (UFR/ST), UniversitéNorbert ZONGO (UNZ), BP 376, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Thomas Wallner
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Odet Bueno-Masso
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Martina
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simran Singh Kotla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Deng Lu
- National Environment Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jiatian Guo
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingdeng Feng
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xufei Zhao
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dilinuer Paerhande
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Pan
- SYSU Nuclear and Insect Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xi
- Guangzhou Wolbaki Biotech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Marc J B Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria.
- ASTRE, CIRAD, F-34398, Montpellier, France.
- ASTRE, Cirad, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France.
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Balestrino F, Bimbilé Somda NS, Samuel M, Meletiou S, Bueno O, Wallner T, Yamada H, Mamai W, Vreysen MJB, Bouyer J. Mass irradiation of adult Aedes mosquitoes using a coolable 3D printed canister. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4358. [PMID: 38388700 PMCID: PMC10884024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the use of the sterile insect technique (SIT) to suppress mosquito vectors have rapidly expanded in many countries facing the complexities of scaling up production and procedures to sustain large-scale operational programs. While many solutions have been proposed to improve mass production, sex separation and field release procedures, relatively little attention has been devoted to effective mass sterilization of mosquitoes. Since irradiation of pupae en masse has proven difficult to standardise with several variables affecting dose response uniformity, the manipulation of adult mosquitoes appears to be the most promising method to achieve effective and reliable sterilization of large quantities of mosquitoes. A 3D-printed phase change material based coolable canister was developed which can compact, immobilize and hold around 100,000 adult mosquitoes during mass radio sterilization procedures. The mass irradiation and compaction treatments affected the survival and the flight ability of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti adult males but the use of the proposed irradiation canister under chilled conditions (6.7-11.3 °C) significantly improved their quality and performance. The use of this cooled canister will facilitate adult mass irradiation procedures in self-contained irradiators in operational mosquito SIT programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Balestrino
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria.
| | - N S Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Science et Technologie (UFR/ST), Université Norbert ZONGO (UNZ), BP 376, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - M Samuel
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, Johannesburg, 2131, South Africa
| | - S Meletiou
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 3020, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - O Bueno
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Wallner
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - M J B Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, 1400, Vienna, Austria
- UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, 34398, Montpellier, France
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Weng SC, Masri RA, Akbari OS. Advances and challenges in synthetic biology for mosquito control. Trends Parasitol 2024; 40:75-88. [PMID: 38000957 PMCID: PMC11064511 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne illnesses represent a significant global health peril, resulting in approximately one million fatalities annually. West Nile, dengue, Zika, and malaria are continuously expanding their global reach, driven by factors that escalate mosquito populations and pathogen transmission. Innovative control measures are imperative to combat these catastrophic ailments. Conventional approaches, such as eliminating breeding sites and using insecticides, have been helpful, but they face challenges such as insecticide resistance and environmental harm. Given the mounting severity of mosquito-borne diseases, there is promise in exploring innovative approaches using synthetic biology to bolster mosquitoes' resistance to pathogens, or even eliminate the mosquito vectors, as a means of control. This review outlines current strategies, future goals, and the importance of gene editing for global health defenses against mosquito-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Che Weng
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Reem A Masri
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Omar S Akbari
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Bonina V, Arpaia S. The use of RNA interference for the management of arthropod pests in livestock farms. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 37:631-646. [PMID: 37401856 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Pest management in farm animals is an important action to contain economic damage to livestock production and prevent transmission of severe diseases to the stock. The use of chemical insecticides is still the most common approach followed by farmers; however, avoiding possible toxic effects on animals is a fundamental task for pest control measures compatible with animal well-being. Moreover, legal constraints and insurgence of resistance by target species to the available insecticidal compounds are increasingly complicating farmers' operations. Alternatives to chemical pesticides have been explored with some promising results in the area of biological control or the use of natural products as sprays. The application of RNA interference techniques has enabled the production of new means of pest control in agriculture, and it is opening a promising avenue for controlling arthropod pests of livestock. Transcript depletion of specific target genes of the recipient organisms is based on the action of double-strand RNAs (dsRNA) capable of impairing the production of fundamental proteins. Their mode of action, based on the specific recognition of short genomic sequences, is expected to be highly selective towards non-target organisms potentially exposed; in addition, there are physical and chemical barriers to dsRNA uptake by mammalian cells that render these products practically innocuous for higher animals. Summarising existing literature on gene silencing for main taxa of arthropod pests of livestock (Acarina, Diptera, Blattoidea), this review explores the perspectives of practical applications of dsRNA-based pesticides against the main pests of farm animals. Knowledge gaps are summarised to stimulate additional research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bonina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Arpaia
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TERIN-BBC Research Centre Trisaia, Rotondella, Matera, Italy
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Zhang DJ, Sun Y, Yamada H, Wu Y, Wang G, Feng QD, Paerhande D, Maiga H, Bouyer J, Qian J, Wu ZD, Zheng XY. Effects of radiation on the fitness, sterility and arbovirus susceptibility of a Wolbachia-free Aedes albopictus strain for use in the sterile insect technique. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4186-4196. [PMID: 37318795 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a green and species-specific insect pest control technique that suppresses target populations by releasing factory-reared, radiosterilized males into the wild. Once released, it is important to be able to distinguish the released males from the wild males for monitoring purposes. Several methods to mark the sterile males exist. However, most have limitations due to monetary, process efficiency, or insect quality. Aedes albopictus is naturally infected with Wolbachia at a high prevalence, therefore the elimination of Wolbachia can serve as a biomarker to distinguish factory-reared male mosquitoes from wild conspecifics. RESULTS In this study, a Wolbachia-free Ae. albopictus GT strain was developed and its fitness evaluated, which was found to be comparable to the wild GUA strain. In addition, GT male mosquitoes were irradiated at the adult stage and a dose of 20 Gy or more induced over 99% sterility. Moreover, a dose of 30 Gy (almost completely sterilizing male and female mosquitoes) had limited effects on the mating competitiveness of GT males and the vector competence of GT females, respectively. However, radiation reduced mosquito longevity, regardless of sex. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the Ae. albopictus GT strain can be distinguished from wild mosquitoes based on Wolbachia status and shows similar fitness, radio-sensitivity and arbovirus susceptibility to the GUA strain, indicating that it is feasible to use the GT strain to suppress Ae. albopictus populations for SIT programmes. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jing Zhang
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- SYSU Nuclear and Insect Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- SYSU Nuclear and Insect Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yu Wu
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Deng Feng
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dilinuer Paerhande
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jun Qian
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Dao Wu
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zheng
- Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Atomic Energy Agency Collaborating Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-Vectors Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Vasquez MI, Notarides G, Meletiou S, Patsoula E, Kavran M, Michaelakis A, Bellini R, Toumazi T, Bouyer J, Petrić D. Two invasions at once: update on the introduction of the invasive species Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Cyprus - a call for action in Europe. Parasite 2023; 30:41. [PMID: 37772845 PMCID: PMC10540676 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2023043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito and Aedes albopictus, the tiger mosquito, continue to expand their geographical distribution, reshaping the European epidemiological risks for mosquito-borne diseases. The reintroduction of Aedes aegypti near the airport and port in Larnaka and the detection of Aedes albopictus near the marina and old port of the Limassol area in Cyprus are reported herein. The measures taken to investigate these events included (i) communication to health authorities, (ii) expert on-site visits and verification of findings, (iii) enhanced active surveillance, and (iv) development of an Emergency Action Plan followed by a Contingency Plan. These emergency action plans were developed to delimitate the infested areas and to prevent the spreading of the mosquito populations into new areas. The general principles are presented along with their rationale to serve as guidelines for other geographical regions targeting suppression/eradication with a sterile insect technique component. In parallel, this manuscript serves as a call for action at the European level to impede the further spread of these species and support the activities being undertaken in Cyprus to combat the incursions of Aedes invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen Ines Vasquez
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Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology 3020 Limassol Cyprus
| | - Gregoris Notarides
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Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology 3020 Limassol Cyprus
| | - Sotiris Meletiou
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Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology 3020 Limassol Cyprus
| | - Eleni Patsoula
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Faculty of Public Health Policy, Laboratory for Surveillance of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, University of West Attica 11521 Athens Greece
| | - Mihaela Kavran
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University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Center of Excellence One Health – Vectors and Climate 21101 Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
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Laboratory of Insects and Parasites of Medical Importance, Benaki Phytopathological Institute 14561 Athens Greece
| | - Romeo Bellini
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Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli” 40014 Crevalcore Italy
| | - Toumazis Toumazi
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Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology 3020 Limassol Cyprus
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
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UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier 34398 Montpellier France
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Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency A-1400 Vienna Austria
| | - Dušan Petrić
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University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Center of Excellence One Health – Vectors and Climate 21101 Novi Sad Serbia
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10
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Bouyer J. When less is more: accounting for overcompensation in mosquito SIT projects. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:235-237. [PMID: 36764849 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Compensation and overcompensation under field conditions are confirmed in Aedes mosquitoes recently by Evans et al.: equal or increased densities of emerging adults may thus result from reduced larval densities. Here the consequences when applying the sterile insect technique and provide recommendations to avoid counterproductive effects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Bouyer
- UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), CIRAD, INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France; Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA, Vienna, Austria.
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11
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James S, Santos M. The Promise and Challenge of Genetic Biocontrol Approaches for Malaria Elimination. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:201. [PMID: 37104327 PMCID: PMC10140850 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8040201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains an ongoing public health challenge, with over 600,000 deaths in 2021, of which approximately 96% occurred in Africa. Despite concerted efforts, the goal of global malaria elimination has stalled in recent years. This has resulted in widespread calls for new control methods. Genetic biocontrol approaches, including those focused on gene-drive-modified mosquitoes (GDMMs), aim to prevent malaria transmission by either reducing the population size of malaria-transmitting mosquitoes or making the mosquitoes less competent to transmit the malaria parasite. The development of both strategies has advanced considerably in recent years, with successful field trials of several biocontrol methods employing live mosquito products and demonstration of the efficacy of GDMMs in insectary-based studies. Live mosquito biocontrol products aim to achieve area-wide control with characteristics that differ substantially from current insecticide-based vector control methods, resulting in some different considerations for approval and implementation. The successful field application of current biocontrol technologies against other pests provides evidence for the promise of these approaches and insights into the development pathway for new malaria control agents. The status of technical development as well as current thinking on the implementation requirements for genetic biocontrol approaches are reviewed, and remaining challenges for public health application in malaria prevention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie James
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, North Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
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12
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Sánchez-Aldana-Sánchez GA, Liedo P, Bond JG, Dor A. Release of sterile Aedes aegypti mosquitoes: chilling effect on mass-reared males survival and escape ability and on irradiated males sexual competitiveness. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3797. [PMID: 36882477 PMCID: PMC9990024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the sterile insect technique, it is important to measure the impact of mass-rearing and handling of sterile males to allow a successful control of the target wild population. This study evaluates the effect of pre-release chilling on the survival, escape ability, and sexual competitiveness of male Aedes aegypti. To determine survival and escape ability, mosquitoes were chilled at 4 °C using four different treatments of either one exposure (25 min) or two consecutive exposures (25 + 25 min, 25 + 50 min, 25 + 100 min). For sexual competitiveness, two different treatments were evaluated, chilling for 25 min once and twice. Results showed that the longest exposure to chilling caused a significant reduction of survival time, from 67 to 54 days. Escape ability was reduced by the first chilling from 25 to 7% and with the second chilling, it was reduced from 30 to 24% in the control to 4.9, 2.0 and 0.5% for 25, 50 and 100 min, respectively. Sexual competitiveness index was reduced from 1.16 in the control, to 0.32 and - 0.11 for treatments involving one and two chilling periods, respectively. It is recommended to increase the chilling temperature and reduce the exposure time to reduce the harmful effects on sterile males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Liedo
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - J Guillermo Bond
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (CRISP, INSP), 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ariane Dor
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), commissioned to El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
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13
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Chen C, Aldridge RL, Gibson S, Kline J, Aryaprema V, Qualls W, Xue RD, Boardman L, Linthicum KJ, Hahn DA. Developing the radiation-based sterile insect technique (SIT) for controlling Aedes aegypti: identification of a sterilizing dose. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1175-1183. [PMID: 36424673 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sterile insect technique (SIT) is emerging as a tool to supplement traditional pesticide-based control of Aedes aegypti, a prominent mosquito vector of microbes that has increased the global burden of human morbidity and mortality over the past 50 years. SIT relies on rearing, sterilizing and releasing large numbers of male mosquitoes that will mate with fertile wild females, thus reducing production of offspring from the target population. In this study, we investigated the effects of ionizing radiation (gamma) on male and female survival, longevity, mating behavior, and sterility of Ae. aegypti in a dose-response design. This work is a first step towards developing an operational SIT field suppression program against Ae. aegypti in St. Augustine, Florida, USA. RESULTS Exposing late-stage pupae to 50 Gy of radiation yielded 99% male sterility while maintaining similar survival of pupae to adult emergence, adult longevity and male mating competitiveness compared to unirradiated males. Females were completely sterilized at 30 Gy, and when females were dosed with 50 Gy, they had a lower incidence of blood-feeding than unirradiated females. CONCLUSION Our work suggests that an ionizing radiation dose of 50 Gy should be used for future development of operational SIT in our program area because at this dose males are 99% sterile while maintaining mating competitiveness against unirradiated males. Furthermore, females that might be accidentally released with sterile males as a result of errors in sex sorting also are sterile and less likely to blood-feed than unirradiated females at our 50 Gy dose. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Robert L Aldridge
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural, & Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Seth Gibson
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural, & Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jedidiah Kline
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural, & Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Whitney Qualls
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, Florida, USA
| | - Rui-de Xue
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, Florida, USA
| | - Leigh Boardman
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences & Center for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kenneth J Linthicum
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Center for Medical, Agricultural, & Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel A Hahn
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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14
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He Y, Xu Y, Chen X. Biology, Ecology and Management of Tephritid Fruit Flies in China: A Review. INSECTS 2023; 14:196. [PMID: 36835765 PMCID: PMC9967332 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tephritid fruit flies are notoriously known for causing immense economic losses due to their infestation of many types of commercial fruits and vegetables in China. These flies are expanding, causing serious damage, and we summarized references from the last three decades regarding biological parameters, ecological performance and integrated pest management. There are 10 species of tephritid fruit flies mentioned at a relatively high frequency in China, and a detailed description and discussion in this comprehensive review were provided through contrast and condensation, including economics, distribution, identification, hosts, damage, life history, oviposition preference, interspecific competition and integrated management, in anticipation of providing effective strategies or bases for the subsequent development of new research areas and improvement of integrated management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin He
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yijuan Xu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
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15
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Wang LM, Li N, Ren CP, Peng ZY, Lu HZ, Li D, Wu XY, Zhou ZX, Deng JY, Zheng ZH, Wang RQ, Du YN, Wang DQ, Deng SQ. Sterility of Aedes albopictus by X-ray Irradiation as an Alternative to γ-ray Irradiation for the Sterile Insect Technique. Pathogens 2023; 12:102. [PMID: 36678450 PMCID: PMC9867157 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mosquito Aedes albopictus can transmit various arboviral diseases, posing a severe threat to human health. As an environmentally friendly method, sterile insect technology (SIT) is considered an alternative to traditional methods such as chemical pesticides to control Ae. albopictus. In SIT, the sterility of male mosquitoes can be achieved by γ-ray or X-ray radiation. Compared with γ-rays, X-rays are easier to obtain, cheaper, and less harmful. However, there is a lack of comparative assessment of these two types of radiation for SIT under the same controlled conditions. Here, we compared the effects of X-ray and γ-ray radiation on the sterility of Ae. albopictus males under laboratory-controlled conditions. Neither type of radiation affected the number of eggs but significantly reduced the survival time and hatch rate. The same dose of γ-rays caused a higher sterility effect on males than X-rays but had a more significant impact on survival. However, X-rays could achieve the same sterility effect as γ-rays by increasing the radiation dose. For example, X-rays of 60 Gy induced 99% sterility, similar to γ-rays of 40 Gy. In the test of male mating competitiveness, the induced sterility and the male mating competitiveness index were also identical at the same release ratio (sterile males/fertile males). At a release ratio of 7:1, nearly 80% of eggs failed to hatch. Sterile males produced by X-ray and γ-ray radiation had similar male competitiveness in competition with field males. In conclusion, a higher dose of X-rays is required to achieve the same sterility effect, compared to γ-rays. When γ-rays are not readily available, high-dose X-rays can be used instead. This study provides data supporting the selection of more suitable radiation for the field release of sterile male mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Min Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ni Li
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cui-Ping Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhe-Yu Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hong-Zheng Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zi-Xin Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jian-Yi Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zi-Han Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ruo-Qing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yi-Nan Du
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Duo-Quan Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Sheng-Qun Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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16
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Evans KG, Neale ZR, Holly B, Canizela CC, Juliano SA. Survival-Larval Density Relationships in the Field and Their Implications for Control of Container-Dwelling Aedes Mosquitoes. INSECTS 2022; 14:17. [PMID: 36661946 PMCID: PMC9860540 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Population density can affect survival, growth, development time, and adult size and fecundity, which are collectively known as density-dependent effects. Container Aedes larvae often attain high densities in nature, and those densities may be reduced when larval control is applied. We tested the hypothesis that density-dependent effects on survival are common and strong in nature and could result in maximal adult production at intermediate densities for Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes triseriatus. We surveyed naturally occurring densities in field containers, then introduced larvae at a similar range of densities, and censused the containers for survivors. We analyzed the survival-density relationships by nonlinear regressions, which showed that survival-density relationships vary among seasons, sites, and species. For each Aedes species, some sites and times yielded predictions that larval density reduction would yield the same (compensation), or more (overcompensation), adults than no larval density reduction. Thus, larval control targeting these Aedes species cannot always be assumed to yield a reduction in the number of adult mosquitoes. We suggest that mosquito control targeting larvae may be made more effective by: Imposing maximum mortality; targeting populations when larval abundances are low; and knowing the shape of the survival-density response of the target population.
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17
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Carrasco-Escobar G, Moreno M, Fornace K, Herrera-Varela M, Manrique E, Conn JE. The use of drones for mosquito surveillance and control. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:473. [PMID: 36527116 PMCID: PMC9758801 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, global health security has been threatened by the geographical expansion of vector-borne infectious diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, Zika and chikungunya. For a range of these vector-borne diseases, an increase in residual (exophagic) transmission together with ecological heterogeneity in everything from weather to local human migration and housing to mosquito species' behaviours presents many challenges to effective mosquito control. The novel use of drones (or uncrewed aerial vehicles) may play a major role in the success of mosquito surveillance and control programmes in the coming decades since the global landscape of mosquito-borne diseases and disease dynamics fluctuates frequently and there could be serious public health consequences if the issues of insecticide resistance and outdoor transmission are not adequately addressed. For controlling both aquatic and adult stages, for several years now remote sensing data have been used together with predictive modelling for risk, incidence and detection of transmission hot spots and landscape profiles in relation to mosquito-borne pathogens. The field of drone-based remote sensing is under continuous change due to new technology development, operation regulations and innovative applications. In this review we outline the opportunities and challenges for integrating drones into vector surveillance (i.e. identification of breeding sites or mapping micro-environmental composition) and control strategies (i.e. applying larval source management activities or deploying genetically modified agents) across the mosquito life-cycle. We present a five-step systematic environmental mapping strategy that we recommend be undertaken in locations where a drone is expected to be used, outline the key considerations for incorporating drone or other Earth Observation data into vector surveillance and provide two case studies of the advantages of using drones equipped with multispectral cameras. In conclusion, recent developments mean that drones can be effective for accurately conducting surveillance, assessing habitat suitability for larval and/or adult mosquitoes and implementing interventions. In addition, we briefly discuss the need to consider permissions, costs, safety/privacy perceptions and community acceptance for deploying drone activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar
- grid.11100.310000 0001 0673 9488Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Alexander Von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Marta Moreno
- grid.8991.90000 0004 0425 469XFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases and Centre for Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kimberly Fornace
- grid.8991.90000 0004 0425 469XFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases and Centre for Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XSchool of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431 Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Manuela Herrera-Varela
- grid.10689.360000 0001 0286 3748Grupo de Investigación en Entomología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Edgar Manrique
- grid.11100.310000 0001 0673 9488Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Alexander Von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Jan E. Conn
- grid.238491.50000 0004 0367 6866The Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY USA
- grid.189747.40000 0000 9554 2494Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, NY USA
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18
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Claudel I, Brouazin R, Lancelot R, Gouagna LC, Dupraz M, Baldet T, Bouyer J. Optimization of adult mosquito trap settings to monitor populations of Aedes and Culex mosquitoes, vectors of arboviruses in La Reunion. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19544. [PMID: 36380224 PMCID: PMC9666360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Competent arbovirus vectors are found in the culicid mosquito fauna of south-west Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands. In La Reunion, Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are known vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses. Culex quinquefasciatus is a potential vector of Rift Valley fever and West Nile viruses. To prepare a vector-control field trial against Ae. aegypti, this study aimed at identifying the best trapping strategy to catch adult Ae. aegypti, using BG-Sentinel traps (Biogents, Germany). It was implemented in two sites in southern La Reunion. Catches of Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were also recorded. A Latin square design was used to estimate the detection probability and the apparent daily density-according to the BG-Sentinel trapping strategy: none, carbon dioxide (CO2), a commercial attractant-BG-Lure (Biogents, Germany), or both. The use of CO2 alone was associated with a higher detection probability for Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, as well as a large increase in their apparent density. Traps with BG-Lure-alone or in combination with CO2, did not improve the detection probability of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. The same result was found for male Ae. albopictus. For females, baiting BG-Sentinel traps with CO2 or BG-Lure had no significant effect. The same apparent densities were found for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes in both study sites-where Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were found at very low densities during previous surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Claudel
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Mivegec (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion France
| | - Ronan Brouazin
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Mivegec (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion France
| | - Renaud Lancelot
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France ,grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871Cirad, UMR Astre, 97491 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion France
| | | | - Marlène Dupraz
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France ,grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871Cirad, UMR Astre, 97491 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion France
| | - Thierry Baldet
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France ,grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871Cirad, UMR Astre, 97491 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion France
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France ,grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Vienna, Wagramer Strasse 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria
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Brouazin R, Claudel I, Lancelot R, Dupuy G, Gouagna LC, Dupraz M, Baldet T, Bouyer J. Optimization of oviposition trap settings to monitor populations of Aedes mosquitoes, vectors of arboviruses in La Reunion. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18450. [PMID: 36323764 PMCID: PMC9630495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Several dengue epidemics recently occurred in La Reunion, an island harboring two dengue viruses (DVs) vectors: Aedes albopictus, and Ae. aegypti, the former being the main local DV vector. Aedes aegypti shows a peculiar ecology, compared to other tropical populations of the same species. This study aimed to provide researchers and public-health users with locally validated oviposition traps (ovitraps) to monitor Aedes populations. A field experiment was performed in Saint-Joseph to assess the effect of different settings on the detection probability and apparent density of Aedes mosquitoes. Black plastic ovitraps were identified as the best choice. Vacoa trees (Pandanus utilis) were the only observed breeding sites for Ae. aegypti, shared with Ae. albopictus. They were the experimental units in a Latin square design with three factors: trap position in the trees (ground vs canopy), oviposition surface in the trap (blotting paper vs. vacoa leaf), and addition of organic matter to the trap water. The latter factor was found unimportant. On the ground, Ae. aegypti eggs were only found with vacoa leaves as the oviposition surface. Their detection and apparent density increased when ovitraps were located in the tree canopy. The main factor for Ae. albopictus was the oviposition surface, with a preference for blotting paper. In all trap settings, their detection was close to 100%. Larval survival was lower for a high egg density, combined with blotting paper as the oviposition surface. When monitoring mixed Aedes populations in La Reunion, we recommend using black plastic ovitraps, placed at 1.50-to-2.00-m high in vacoa trees, with vacoa leaves as the oviposition surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Brouazin
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Mivegec (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion France
| | - Iris Claudel
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Mivegec (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion France
| | - Renaud Lancelot
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France ,grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871Cirad, UMR Astre, 97491 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion France
| | - Guillaume Dupuy
- ARS Réunion, Service de Lutte Anti-Vectorielle, Saint-Denis, La Réunion France
| | | | - Marlène Dupraz
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France ,grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871Cirad, UMR Astre, 97491 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion France
| | - Thierry Baldet
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France ,grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871Cirad, UMR Astre, 97491 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion France
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141UMR Astre (Animals, Health, Territories, Risks, Ecosystems), Cirad, Inrae, Univ. Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France ,grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Vienna, Wagramer Strasse 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria
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20
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Carvalho DO, Morreale R, Stenhouse S, Hahn DA, Gomez M, Lloyd A, Hoel D. A sterile insect technique pilot trial on Captiva Island: defining mosquito population parameters for sterile male releases using mark-release-recapture. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:402. [PMID: 36320036 PMCID: PMC9628054 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05512-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The sterile insect technique (SIT), which involves area-wide inundative releases of sterile insects to suppress the reproduction of a target species, has proven to be an effective pest control method. The technique demands the continuous release of sterilized insects in quantities that ensure a high sterile male:wild male ratio for the suppression of the wild population over succeeding generations. Methods For these releases, it is important to determine several ecological and biological population parameters, including the longevity of the released males in the field, the dispersal of the released males and the wild pest population size. The Lee County Mosquito Control District initiated a study in a 47-ha portion of Captiva Island (Florida, USA), an island with a total area of 230 ha, to define biological SIT parameters for Aedes aegypti (L.), an invasive disease-vectoring mosquito known to be difficult to control due to a combination of daytime biting activity, use of cryptic breeding habitats that are difficult to target with conventional night-time ultra-low volume methods, and emerging resistance to commonly used insecticides. Another goal was to assess patterns of dispersal and survival for laboratory-reared sterile Ae. aegypti males released over time in the pilot site. These parameters will be used to evaluate the efficacy of a SIT suppression program for Ae. aegypti on Captiva Island. Results Over the course of seven mark-release-recapture studies using single- and multiple-point releases, 190,504 sterile marked males were released, for which the recapture rate was 1.5% over a mean period of 12 days. The mean distance traveled by sterile males of the local strain of Ae. aegypti that has colonized Captiva Island was 201.7 m from the release point, with an observed maximum traveled distance of 404.5 m. The released sterile mosquitoes had a probability of daily survival of 0.67 and an average life expectancy of ~ 2.46 days. Conclusions These data together with the population size estimate and sterile:wild ratio provide a solid basis for planning the SIT operational phase which is aimed at mosquito population suppression. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05512-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo O. Carvalho
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rachel Morreale
- Lee County Mosquito Control District, 15191 Homestead Road, Lehigh Acres, FL 33971 USA
| | - Steven Stenhouse
- Lee County Mosquito Control District, 15191 Homestead Road, Lehigh Acres, FL 33971 USA
| | - Daniel A. Hahn
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Maylen Gomez
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Aaron Lloyd
- Lee County Mosquito Control District, 15191 Homestead Road, Lehigh Acres, FL 33971 USA
| | - David Hoel
- Lee County Mosquito Control District, 15191 Homestead Road, Lehigh Acres, FL 33971 USA
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21
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Lozano S, Pritts K, Duguma D, Fredregill C, Connelly R. Independent evaluation of Wolbachia infected male mosquito releases for control of Aedes aegypti in Harris County, Texas, using a Bayesian abundance estimator. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010907. [PMID: 36374939 PMCID: PMC9704758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Among disease vectors, Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) is one of the most insidious species in the world. The disease burden created by this species has dramatically increased in the past 50 years, and during this time countries have relied on pesticides for control and prevention of viruses borne by Ae. aegypti. The small number of available insecticides with different modes of action had led to increases in insecticide resistance, thus, strategies, like the "Incompatible Insect Technique" using Wolbachia's cytoplasmic incompatibility are desirable. We evaluated the effect of releases of Wolbachia infected Ae. aegypti males on populations of wild Ae. aegypti in the metropolitan area of Houston, TX. Releases were conducted by the company MosquitoMate, Inc. To estimate mosquito population reduction, we used a mosquito abundance Bayesian hierarchical estimator that accounted for inefficient trapping. MosquitoMate previously reported a reduction of 78% for an intervention conducted in Miami, FL. In this experiment we found a reduction of 93% with 95% credibility intervals of 86% and 96% after six weeks of continual releases. A similar result was reported by Verily Life Sciences, 96% [94%, 97%], in releases made in Fresno, CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul Lozano
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Kevin Pritts
- Western Gulf Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dagne Duguma
- Harris County Public Health, Mosquito and Vector Control Division, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chris Fredregill
- Harris County Public Health, Mosquito and Vector Control Division, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Roxanne Connelly
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
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22
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Velo E, Balestrino F, Kadriaj P, Carvalho DO, Dicko A, Bellini R, Puggioli A, Petrić D, Michaelakis A, Schaffner F, Almenar D, Pajovic I, Beqirllari A, Ali M, Sino G, Rogozi E, Jani V, Nikolla A, Porja T, Goga T, Fălcuă E, Kavran M, Pudar D, Mikov O, Ivanova-Aleksandrova N, Cvetkovikj A, Akıner MM, Mikovic R, Tafaj L, Bino S, Bouyer J, Mamai W. A Mark-Release-Recapture Study to Estimate Field Performance of Imported Radio-Sterilized Male Aedes albopictus in Albania. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:833698. [PMID: 36051578 PMCID: PMC9424856 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.833698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogen transmitting Aedes albopictus mosquito is spreading rapidly in Europe, putting millions of humans and animals at risk. This species is well-established in Albania since its first detection in 1979. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is increasingly gaining momentum worldwide as a component of area-wide-integrated pest management. However, estimating how the sterile males will perform in the field and the size of target populations is crucial for better decision-making, designing and elaborating appropriate SIT pilot trials, and subsequent large-scale release strategies. A mark-release-recapture (MRR) experiment was carried out in Albania within a highly urbanized area in the city of Tirana. The radio-sterilized adults of Ae. albopictus Albania strain males were transported by plane from Centro Agricoltura Ambiente (CAA) mass-production facility (Bologna, Italy), where they were reared. In Albania, sterile males were sugar-fed, marked with fluorescent powder, and released. The aim of this study was to estimate, under field conditions, their dispersal capacity, probability of daily survival and competitiveness, and the size of the target population. In addition, two adult mosquito collection methods were also evaluated: BG-Sentinel traps baited with BG-Lure and CO2, (BGS) versus human landing catch (HLC). The overall recapture rates did not differ significantly between the two methods (2.36% and 1.57% of the total male released were recaptured respectively by BGS and HLC), suggesting a similar trapping efficiency under these conditions. Sterile males traveled a mean distance of 93.85 ± 42.58 m and dispersed up to 258 m. Moreover, they were observed living in the field up to 15 days after release with an average life expectancy of 4.26 ± 0.80 days. Whether mosquitoes were marked with green, blue, yellow, or pink, released at 3.00 p.m. or 6.00 p.m., there was no significant difference in the recapture, dispersal, and survival rates in the field. The Fried competitiveness index was estimated at 0.28. This mark-release-recapture study provided important data for better decision-making and planning before moving to pilot SIT trials in Albania. Moreover, it also showed that both BG-traps and HLC were successful in monitoring adult mosquitoes and provided similar estimations of the main entomological parameters needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkelejda Velo
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
- *Correspondence: Enkelejda Velo, ; Wadaka Mamai,
| | - Fabrizio Balestrino
- Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente (Italy), Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Përparim Kadriaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Ahmadou Dicko
- Statistics for Development–STATS4D, Sacre Coeur III, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente (Italy), Crevalcore, Italy
| | | | - Dusan Petrić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Scient.Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Greece
| | | | - David Almenar
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E, M.P. (TRAGSA), Paterna, Spain
| | - Igor Pajovic
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | | | | | - Gjergji Sino
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Elton Rogozi
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Vjola Jani
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Tanja Porja
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, “MeteoAlb” Politechnic University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Thanas Goga
- Aide to the Prime Minister, Albania Department of Risk Communication and Community Engagement, WHE Balkan Hub, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Elena Fălcuă
- “Cantacuzino” National Military-Medical Institute for Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Kavran
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Pudar
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia
| | - Ognyan Mikov
- National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Aleksandar Cvetkovikj
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine-Skopje, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Muhammet Mustafa Akıner
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Department of Biology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Rados Mikovic
- Veterinary Diagnostics Laboratory, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Lindita Tafaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Silva Bino
- Department of Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Yaounde, Cameroon
- *Correspondence: Enkelejda Velo, ; Wadaka Mamai,
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23
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Maïga H, Lu D, Mamai W, Bimbilé Somda NS, Wallner T, Bakhoum MT, Bueno Masso O, Martina C, Kotla SS, Yamada H, Salvador Herranz G, Argiles Herrero R, Chong CS, Tan CH, Bouyer J. Standardization of the FAO/IAEA Flight Test for Quality Control of Sterile Mosquitoes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:876675. [PMID: 35923573 PMCID: PMC9341283 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.876675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful implementation of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus relies on maintaining a consistent release of high-quality sterile males. Affordable, rapid, practical quality control tools based on the male’s flight ability (ability to escape from a flight device) may contribute to meeting this requirement. Therefore, this study aims to standardize the use of the original FAO/IAEA rapid quality control flight test device (FTD) (version 1.0), while improving handling conditions and reducing the device’s overall cost by assessing factors that could impact the subsequent flight ability of Aedes mosquitoes. The new FTD (version 1.1) is easier to use. The most important factors affecting escape rates were found to be tube color (or “shade”), the combined use of a lure and fan, mosquito species, and mosquito age and density (25; 50; 75; 100 males). Other factors measured but found to be less important were the duration of the test (30, 60, 90, 120 min), fan speed (normal 3000 rpm vs. high 6000 rpm), and mosquito strain origin. In addition, a cheaper version of the FTD (version 2.0) that holds eight individual tubes instead of 40 was designed and successfully validated against the new FTD (version 1.1). It was sensitive enough to distinguish between the effects of cold stress and high irradiation dose. Therefore, the eight-tube FTD may be used to assess Aedes’ flight ability. This study demonstrated that the new designs (versions 1.1 and 2.0) of the FTD could be used for standard routine quality assessments of Aedes mosquitoes required for an SIT and other male release-based programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidou Maïga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest (IRSS-DRO), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- *Correspondence: Hamidou Maïga, ,
| | - Deng Lu
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environnent Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Yaoundé-Messa, Cameroon
| | - Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies (UFR/ST), Université Norbert ZONGO (UNZ), Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Thomas Wallner
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Mame Thierno Bakhoum
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Odet Bueno Masso
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Claudia Martina
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Simran Singh Kotla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Gustavo Salvador Herranz
- Technical School of Design, Architecture and Engineering, University CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Argiles Herrero
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Chee Seng Chong
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environnent Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheong Huat Tan
- Environmental Health Institute, National Environnent Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
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24
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Balestrino F, Bouyer J, Vreysen MJB, Veronesi E. Impact of Irradiation on Vector Competence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) for Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:876400. [PMID: 35721847 PMCID: PMC9204086 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.876400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective control strategies against arthropod disease vectors are amongst the most powerful tools to prevent the spread of vector-borne diseases. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is an effective and sustainable autocidal control method that has recently shown effective population suppression against different Aedes vector species worldwide. The SIT approach for mosquito vectors requires the release of radio-sterilized male mosquitoes only, but currently available sex separation techniques cannot ensure the complete elimination of females resulting in short-term risk of increased biting rate and arboviral disease transmission. In this study, we compared for the first time the transmission of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus females exposed as pupae to an irradiation dose of 40 Gy. Females of both species were fed on blood spiked with either dengue or chikungunya viruses, and body parts were tested for virus presence by real-time RT-PCR at different time points. No differences were observed in the dissemination efficiency of the dengue virus in irradiated and unirradiated Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. The dissemination of the chikungunya virus was higher in Ae. albopictus than in Ae. Aegypti, and irradiation increased the virus load in both species. However, we did not observe differences in the transmission efficiency for chikungunya (100%) and dengue (8–27%) between mosquito species, and irradiation did not impact transmissibility. Further implications of these results on the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases in the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Balestrino
- National Centre for Vector Entomology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Crevalcore, Italy
- *Correspondence: Fabrizio Balestrino,
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE CIRAD-INRA « Animals, Health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystems », Montpellier, France
- FAO/IAEA Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL), FAO/IAEA Joint Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture (NAFA), FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc J. B. Vreysen
- FAO/IAEA Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL), FAO/IAEA Joint Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture (NAFA), FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Veronesi
- National Centre for Vector Entomology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Environment, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Bouyer J, Maiga H, Vreysen MJB. Assessing the efficiency of Verily's automated process for production and release of male Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:1441-1442. [PMID: 35618926 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Sub-programme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria. .,CIRAD, UMR ASTRE CIRAD-INRA « Animals, Health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystems», Campus international de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France.
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Sub-programme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc J B Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Sub-programme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
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Kavran M, Puggioli A, Šiljegović S, Čanadžić D, Laćarac N, Rakita M, Ignjatović Ćupina A, Balestrino F, Petrić D, Bellini R. Optimization of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Mass Rearing through Cost-Effective Larval Feeding. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13060504. [PMID: 35735841 PMCID: PMC9224466 DOI: 10.3390/insects13060504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) is an important invasive species of medical concern, which could be successfully suppressed by including the sterile insect technique (SIT) in integrated mosquito management. This technique is based on the mass rearing of males, and their sterilization and release into the habitats to compete with wild males in the mating process. Our research compared the effectiveness of three larval diet recipes (IAEA-BY, BCWPRL, and MIX-14) in the rearing of Ae. albopictus males in order to evaluate the available economical feeding alternatives. The separation of male pupae was done by the sieving method, and reared adult males were tested for flight capacity and longevity. The application of BCWPRL resulted in a higher portion of sieved male pupae than females, but the obtained number of both pupae and adult males was lower and the development was slower than the other two diets. The adult mean survival time was the highest in males fed with MIX-14 and the lowest in males fed with IAEA-BY. Males fed by IAEA-BY also demonstrated higher initial mortality in the adult stage. The diets BCWPRL and MIX-14 are cheaper than IAEA-BY (2.28 and 5.30 times, respectively). The diet MIX-14 represents a candidate for replacing the effective but still expensive IAEA-BY diet. Abstract Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1895) is an invasive important medical and veterinary pest species. The sterile insect technique (SIT) involves the mass rearing of males, and their sterilization and release into the habitat to compete with wild males. Our research objective was to compare the effectiveness of three larval diet recipes (IAEA-BY, BCWPRL, and MIX-14) in the laboratory rearing of Ae. albopictus males to evaluate the available economical feeding alternatives. The separation of sexes was done in the pupal stage by sieving. Reared males were tested for flight capacity and longevity. The application of the BCWPRL diet resulted in a higher portion of sieved male pupae than females, but the development of males was the slowest, and the number of obtained males (pupae and adults) was lower compared to the other two diets. The adult mean survival time was the highest in males fed with MIX-14 and the lowest in males fed with IAEA-BY. Males fed by IAEA-BY also demonstrated higher initial mortality in the adult stage. The diets BCWPRL and MIX-14 are economically more convenient than IAEA-BY (2.28 and 5.30 times cheaper, respectively). The cheapest diet, MIX-14, might represent a candidate for replacing the effective but still expensive IAEA-BY larval diet, providing lower costs of sterile male production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Kavran
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.Š.); (D.Č.); (N.L.); (M.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Arianna Puggioli
- Sanitary Entomology & Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant’Agata 835, 40014 Crevalcore, Italy; (A.P.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Sara Šiljegović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.Š.); (D.Č.); (N.L.); (M.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Dušan Čanadžić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.Š.); (D.Č.); (N.L.); (M.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Nikola Laćarac
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.Š.); (D.Č.); (N.L.); (M.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Mina Rakita
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.Š.); (D.Č.); (N.L.); (M.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Ignjatović Ćupina
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.Š.); (D.Č.); (N.L.); (M.R.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-642182501
| | - Fabrizio Balestrino
- Sanitary Entomology & Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant’Agata 835, 40014 Crevalcore, Italy; (A.P.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Dušan Petrić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.Š.); (D.Č.); (N.L.); (M.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Sanitary Entomology & Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “G. Nicoli”, IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant’Agata 835, 40014 Crevalcore, Italy; (A.P.); (F.B.); (R.B.)
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Yamada H, Dias VS, Parker AG, Maiga H, Kraupa C, Vreysen MJB, Mamai W, Schetelig MF, Somda NSB, Bouyer J. Radiation dose-rate is a neglected critical parameter in dose-response of insects. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6242. [PMID: 35422488 PMCID: PMC9010456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive sterility is the basis of the sterile insect technique (SIT) and essential for its success in the field. Numerous factors that influence dose-response in insects have been identified. However, historically the radiation dose administered has been considered a constant. Efforts aiming to standardize protocols for mosquito irradiation found that, despite carefully controlling many variable factors, there was still an unknown element responsible for differences in expected sterility levels of insects irradiated with the same dose and handling protocols. Thus, together with previous inconclusive investigations, the question arose whether dose really equals dose in terms of biological response, no matter the rate at which the dose is administered. Interestingly, the dose rate effects studied in human nuclear medicine indicated that dose rate could alter dose-response in mammalian cells. Here, we conducted experiments to better understand the interaction of dose and dose rate to assess the effects in irradiated mosquitoes. Our findings suggest that not only does dose rate alter irradiation-induced effects, but that the interaction is not linear and may change with dose. We speculate that the recombination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in treatments with moderate to high dose rates might minimize indirect radiation-induced effects in mosquitoes and decrease sterility levels, unless dose along with its direct effects is increased. Together with further studies to identify an optimum match of dose and dose rate, these results could assist in the development of improved methods for the production of high-quality sterile mosquitoes to enhance the efficiency of SIT programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria.
- Department for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchester Str. 2, 35394, Gießen, Germany.
| | - Vanessa S Dias
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria.
| | - Andrew G Parker
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
- , Roppersbergweg 15, 2381, Laab im Walde, Austria
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Carina Kraupa
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Marc J B Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Marc F Schetelig
- Department for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchester Str. 2, 35394, Gießen, Germany
| | - Nanwintoum S Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
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Ranathunge T, Harishchandra J, Maiga H, Bouyer J, Gunawardena YINS, Hapugoda M. Development of the Sterile Insect Technique to control the dengue vector Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) in Sri Lanka. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265244. [PMID: 35377897 PMCID: PMC8979456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is presently being tested to control dengue in several countries. SIT aims to cause the decline of the target insect population through the release of a sufficient number of sterilized male insects. This induces sterility in the female population, as females that mate with sterilized males produce no offspring. Male insects are sterilized through the use of ionizing irradiation. This study aimed to evaluate variable parameters that may affect irradiation in mosquito pupae. METHODS An Ae. aegypti colony was maintained under standard laboratory conditions. Male and female Ae. aegypti pupae were separated using a Fay and Morlan glass sorter and exposed to different doses of gamma radiation (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 Gy) using a Co60 source. The effects of radiation on survival, flight ability and the reproductive capacity of Ae. aegypti were evaluated under laboratory conditions. In addition, mating competitiveness was evaluated for irradiated male Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to be used for future SIT programmes in Sri Lanka. RESULTS Survival of irradiated pupae was reduced by irradiation in a dose-dependent manner but it was invariably greater than 90% in control, 40, 50, 60, 70 Gy in both male and female Ae. aegypti. Irradiation didn't show any significant adverse effects on flight ability of male and female mosquitoes, which consistently exceeded 90%. A similar number of eggs per female was observed between the non-irradiated groups and the irradiated groups for both irradiated males and females. Egg hatch rates were significantly lower when an irradiation dose above 50 Gy was used as compared to 40 Gy in both males and females. Irradiation at higher doses significantly reduced male and female survival when compared to the non-irradiated Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Competitiveness index (C) scores of sterile and non-sterile males compared with non-irradiated male mosquitoes under laboratory and semi-field conditions were 0.56 and 0.51 respectively at 50 Gy. SIGNIFICATION Based on the results obtained from the current study, a 50 Gy dose was selected as the optimal radiation dose for the production of sterile Ae. aegypti males for future SIT-based dengue control programmes aiming at the suppression of Ae. aegypti populations in Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharaka Ranathunge
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, CINEC Campus, Malabe, Sri Lanka
| | - Jeevanie Harishchandra
- Anti-Malaria Campaign (AMC) Public Health Complex, Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Menaka Hapugoda
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Pilot trial using mass field-releases of sterile males produced with the incompatible and sterile insect techniques as part of integrated Aedes aegypti control in Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010324. [PMID: 35471983 PMCID: PMC9041844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The combination of Wolbachia-based incompatible insect technique (IIT) and radiation-based sterile insect technique (SIT) can be used for population suppression of Aedes aegypti. Our main objective was to evaluate whether open-field mass-releases of wAlbB-infected Ae. aegypti males, as part of an Integrated Vector Management (IVM) plan led by the Mexican Ministry of Health, could suppress natural populations of Ae. aegypti in urbanized settings in south Mexico. Methodology/Principal findings We implemented a controlled before-and-after quasi-experimental study in two suburban localities of Yucatan (Mexico): San Pedro Chimay (SPC), which received IIT-SIT, and San Antonio Tahdzibichén used as control. Release of wAlbB Ae. aegypti males at SPC extended for 6 months (July-December 2019), covering the period of higher Ae. aegypti abundance. Entomological indicators included egg hatching rates and outdoor/indoor adult females collected at the release and control sites. Approximately 1,270,000 lab-produced wAlbB-infected Ae. aegypti males were released in the 50-ha treatment area (2,000 wAlbB Ae. aegypti males per hectare twice a week in two different release days, totaling 200,000 male mosquitoes per week). The efficacy of IIT-SIT in suppressing indoor female Ae. aegypti density (quantified from a generalized linear mixed model showing a statistically significant reduction in treatment versus control areas) was 90.9% a month after initiation of the suppression phase, 47.7% two months after (when number of released males was reduced in 50% to match local abundance), 61.4% four months after (when initial number of released males was re-established), 88.4% five months after and 89.4% at six months after the initiation of the suppression phase. A proportional, but lower, reduction in outdoor female Ae. aegypti was also quantified (range, 50.0–75.2% suppression). Conclusions/Significance Our study, the first open-field pilot implementation of Wolbachia IIT-SIT in Mexico and Latin-America, confirms that inundative male releases can significantly reduce natural populations of Ae. aegypti. More importantly, we present successful pilot results of the integration of Wolbachia IIT-SIT within a IVM plan implemented by Ministry of Health personnel. Wild-type female Ae. aegypti mating with released males carrying the maternally inherited bacteria Wolbachia produce infertile eggs, leading to important reductions in mosquito population size. We present results from pilot open-field mass-releases of Ae. aegypti males infected with the Wolbachia strain wAlbB (termed incompatible insect technique, IIT) and irradiated to prevent accidental female mosquito colonization (termed sterile insect technique, SIT). Our IIT-SIT approach was implemented by the Mexican Ministry of Health within an Integrated Vector Management (IVM) plan to suppress natural populations of Ae. aegypti. Approximately 1,270,000 lab-produced wAlbB-infected Ae. aegypti males were released in a 50-ha. town of Yucatan over a period of 24 weeks. Throughout the suppression phase, we observed significant reductions in egg hatching, outdoor and indoor female Ae. aegypti densities in the release town compared to a similar town used as control. The largest effect was on the number of indoor Ae. aegypti females per house (Prokopack collections) which reached a 90% efficacy. Our study, the first report of an open-field pilot-study with mass-releases of sterile Ae. aegypti males produced with IIT-SIT in Mexico and Latin-America, confirms findings from other settings showing important reductions in entomological indices due to inundative incompatible male releases.
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Misbah-ul-Haq M, Carvalho DO, Duran De La Fuente L, Augustinos AA, Bourtzis K. Genetic Stability and Fitness of Aedes aegypti Red-Eye Genetic Sexing Strains With Pakistani Genomic Background for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:871703. [PMID: 35433649 PMCID: PMC9009520 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.871703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mosquito species Aedes aegypti is the primary transmitter of viruses that cause endemic diseases like dengue in Pakistan. It is also a cause of other vector-borne diseases like yellow fever, Zika fever, and chikungunya, which significantly impact human health worldwide. In the absence of efficient vaccines (except for yellow fever) or drugs, vector control methods, such as the sterile insect technique (SIT), have been proposed as additional tools for the management of these diseases. Mosquito SIT programs are based on the release of sterile males and it is important female releases to be ideally zero or to be kept at a minimum, since females are the ones that bite, blood-feed and transmit pathogens. Recently, an Ae. aegypti genetic sexing strain (GSS), with and without a recombination-suppressing inversion (Inv35), was developed using the eye color as a selectable marker, with males having black eyes and females red eyes. In the present study, we introgressed the sexing features and the Inv35 of the Ae. aegypti red-eye GSS into the Pakistani genomic background aiming to their future use for SIT applications in the country. Both introgressed strains, the Red-eye GSS-PAK and the Red-eye GSS/Inv35-PAK, were evaluated in respect to their genetic stability and biological quality by assessing parameters like recombination rate, fecundity, fertility, pupal and adult recovery, time of development, pupal weight, survival, and flight ability in comparison with a wild Pakistani population (PAK). The results suggest that the sexing features and the recombination suppression properties of Inv35 were not affected after their introgression into the local genomic background; however, some biological traits of the two newly constructed strains were affected, positively or negatively, suggesting that a thorough quality control analysis should be performed after the introgression of a GSS into a new genomic background prior to its use in SIT field trials or applications. The importance of using GSS with local genomic background for SIT applications against Aedes aegypti is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq, ; Kostas Bourtzis,
| | - Danilo O. Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Lucia Duran De La Fuente
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Antonios A. Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq, ; Kostas Bourtzis,
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Marina CF, Liedo P, Bond JG, R. Osorio A, Valle J, Angulo-Kladt R, Gómez-Simuta Y, Fernández-Salas I, Dor A, Williams T. Comparison of Ground Release and Drone-Mediated Aerial Release of Aedes aegypti Sterile Males in Southern Mexico: Efficacy and Challenges. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13040347. [PMID: 35447790 PMCID: PMC9025923 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sterile males of Aedes aegypti were released once a week for 8 weeks to evaluate the dispersal efficiency of ground and aerial drone release methods in a rural village of 26 Ha in southern Mexico. Indoor and outdoor BG-Sentinel traps were placed in 13−16 houses distributed throughout the village. The BG traps were activated 48 h after the release of the sterile males and functioned for a 24 h period following each release. Over the 8-week period of simultaneous ground and aerial releases, an average of 85,117 ± 6457 sterile males/week were released at ground level and 86,724 ± 6474 sterile males/week were released using an aerial drone. The ground release method resulted in higher numbers of captured males (mean = 5.1 ± 1.4, range 1.1−15.7 sterile males/trap) compared with the aerial release method (mean = 2.6 ± 0.8, range 0.5−7.3 sterile males/trap) (p < 0.05). Similarly, the prevalence of traps that captured at least one sterile male was significantly higher for ground release compared to the aerial release method (p < 0.01). The lower numbers of sterile males captured in the aerial release method could be due to mortality or physical injury caused by the chilling process for immobilization, or the compaction of these insects during transport and release. However, aerial releases by a two-person team distributed insects over the entire village in just 20 min, compared to ~90 min of work for a five-person team during the ground release method. Ground release also resulted in higher aggregations of males and some villagers reported feeling discomfort from the presence of large numbers of mosquitoes in and around their houses. We conclude that modifications to the handling and transport of sterile males and the design of containers used to store males are required to avoid injury and to improve the efficiency of aerial releases for area-wide SIT-based population suppression programs targeted at mosquito vectors of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F. Marina
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública—Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (A.R.O.); (I.F.-S.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.M.); (T.W.)
| | - Pablo Liedo
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad Tapachula, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico; (P.L.); (J.V.); (A.D.)
| | - J. Guillermo Bond
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública—Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (A.R.O.); (I.F.-S.)
| | - Adriana R. Osorio
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública—Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (A.R.O.); (I.F.-S.)
| | - Javier Valle
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad Tapachula, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico; (P.L.); (J.V.); (A.D.)
| | | | - Yeudiel Gómez-Simuta
- Programa Moscas de la Fruta (SADER-IICA), Metapa de Domínguez 30860, Chiapas, Mexico;
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública—Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (A.R.O.); (I.F.-S.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Ariane Dor
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad Tapachula, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico; (P.L.); (J.V.); (A.D.)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologiá (Investigadora por México CONACYT), El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Tapachula, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Trevor Williams
- Instituto de Ecología AC (INECOL), Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.F.M.); (T.W.)
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Assessment of packing density and transportation effect on sterilized pupae and adult Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in non-chilled conditions. Acta Trop 2022; 226:106243. [PMID: 34800376 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Long-distance transportation from a radiation facility to a target site potentially affects the quantity and quality of sterile male mosquitoes. This study tested the effects of multi-hour land transportation on the survival, longevity, and mating performance of gamma-rays sterilized adult and pupal male mosquitoes at different densities in non-chilled condition. The results demonstrated that mortality rate, longevity, induced sterility (IS) level, and mating competitiveness (C index) were significantly affected by life stage, transportation treatment, and density. Transportation was detrimental to the survival and longevity of the adults, and transporting pupae was restricted by the overcrowding effect; particularly, those packing density of 200 pupae. The longevity of transported mosquitoes were 1-5 days shorter than that of non-transported mosquitoes regardless of packing density. The irradiated transported adult males exhibited an equal IS and C index to their non-transported counterparts. Although there was no evidence suggested an association between low mating competitiveness and packing density in the transported adults, the mating competitiveness of adult mosquitoes decreased with increased packing density. Additionally, the effects of transportation and packing density on the mating ability of transported pupal males were also notable. The results indicate the factors of packing density and life stages in transporting sterile males under non-chilled conditions should be taken into account in formulating the procedure in SIT operation.
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Metchanun N, Borgemeister C, Amzati G, von Braun J, Nikolov M, Selvaraj P, Gerardin J. Modeling impact and cost-effectiveness of driving-Y gene drives for malaria elimination in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Evol Appl 2022; 15:132-148. [PMID: 35126652 PMCID: PMC8792473 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria elimination will be challenging in countries that currently continue to bear high malaria burden. Sex-ratio-distorting gene drives, such as driving-Y, could play a role in an integrated elimination strategy if they can effectively suppress vector populations. Using a spatially explicit, agent-based model of malaria transmission in eight provinces spanning the range of transmission intensities across the Democratic Republic of the Congo, we predict the impact and cost-effectiveness of integrating driving-Y gene drive mosquitoes in malaria elimination strategies that include existing interventions such as insecticide-treated nets and case management of symptomatic malaria. Gene drive mosquitoes could eliminate malaria and were the most cost-effective intervention overall if the drive component was highly effective with at least 95% X-shredder efficiency at relatively low fertility cost, and associated cost of deployment below 7.17 $int per person per year. Suppression gene drive could be a cost-effective supplemental intervention for malaria elimination, but tight constraints on drive effectiveness and cost ceilings may limit its feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gaston Amzati
- Université Evangélique en AfriqueBukavuDemocratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | | | | | - Jaline Gerardin
- Institute for Disease ModelingBellevueWashingtonUSA
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute for Global HealthNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
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UDP-Glucosyltransferases Induced by Nosema bombycis Provide Resistance to Microsporidia in Silkworm ( Bombyx mori). INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12090799. [PMID: 34564239 PMCID: PMC8469862 DOI: 10.3390/insects12090799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Nosema bombycis (N. bombycis), an obligate intracellular eukaryotic parasite, is a virulent pathogen of the silkworm, that causes major economic losses. Although many studies have reported on B. mori host response to this pathogen, little is known about which genes are induced by N. bombycis. Our results showed that two B. mori uridine diphosphate-glucosyltransferases (UGTs) (BmUGT10295 and BmUGT8453) could be activated by N. bombycis and provide resistance to the microsporidia in silkworms. These results will contribute to our understanding of host stress reaction to pathogens and the two pathogen-induced resistant genes will provide a target for promoting pathogen resistance. Abstract As a silkworm pathogen, the microsporidian N. bombycis can be transovarially transmitted from parent to offspring and seriously impedes sericulture industry development. Previous studies found that Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are involved in regulating diverse cellular processes, such as detoxification, pigmentation, and odorant sensing. Our results showed that BmUGT10295 and BmUGT8453 genes were specifically induced in infected silkworms, but other BmUGTs were not. Tissue distribution analysis of the two BmUGTs showed that the transcriptions of the two BmUGTs were mainly activated in the midgut and Malpighian tubule of infected silkworms. Furthermore, there were significantly fewer microsporidia in over-expressed BmUGTs compared with the control, but there were significantly more microsporidia in RNA interference BmUGTs compared with the control. These findings indicate that the two BmUGTs were induced by N. bombycis and provided resistance to the microsporidia.
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Caputo B, Langella G, Petrella V, Virgillito C, Manica M, Filipponi F, Varone M, Primo P, Puggioli A, Bellini R, D’Antonio C, Iesu L, Tullo L, Rizzo C, Longobardi A, Sollazzo G, Perrotta MM, Fabozzi M, Palmieri F, Saccone G, Rosà R, della Torre A, Salvemini M. Aedes albopictus bionomics data collection by citizen participation on Procida Island, a promising Mediterranean site for the assessment of innovative and community-based integrated pest management methods. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009698. [PMID: 34529653 PMCID: PMC8445450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the colonization of Mediterranean Europe and of other temperate regions by Aedes albopictus created an unprecedented nuisance problem in highly infested areas and new public health threats due to the vector competence of the species. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) and the Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) are insecticide-free mosquito-control methods, relying on mass release of irradiated/manipulated males, able to complement existing and only partially effective control tools. The validation of these approaches in the field requires appropriate experimental settings, possibly isolated to avoid mosquito immigration from other infested areas, and preliminary ecological and entomological data. We carried out a 4-year study in the island of Procida (Gulf of Naples, Italy) in strict collaboration with local administrators and citizens to estimate the temporal dynamics, spatial distribution, and population size of Ae. albopictus and the dispersal and survival of irradiated males. We applied ovitrap monitoring, geo-spatial analyses, mark-release-recapture technique, and a citizen-science approach. Results allow to predict the seasonal (from April to October, with peaks of 928-9,757 males/ha) and spatial distribution of the species, highlighting the capacity of Ae. albopictus population of Procida to colonize and maintain high frequencies in urban as well as in sylvatic inhabited environments. Irradiated males shown limited ability to disperse (mean daily distance travelled <60m) and daily survival estimates ranging between 0.80 and 0.95. Overall, the ecological characteristics of the island, the acquired knowledge on Ae. albopictus spatial and temporal distribution, the high human and Ae. albopictus densities and the positive attitude of the resident population in being active parts in innovative mosquito control projects provide the ground for evidence-based planning of the interventions and for the assessment of their effectiveness. In addition, the results highlight the value of creating synergies between research groups, local administrators, and citizens for affordable monitoring (and, in the future, control) of mosquito populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beniamino Caputo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Langella
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Petrella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Virgillito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Center for Health Emergencies, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
| | - Federico Filipponi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Varone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Primo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “Giorgio Nicoli”, Crevalcore, Italy
| | | | - Luca Iesu
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Liliana Tullo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Rizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Germano Sollazzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Miriana Fabozzi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Palmieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saccone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Rosà
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Centre Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Alessandra della Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvemini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Nattoh G, Maina T, Makhulu EE, Mbaisi L, Mararo E, Otieno FG, Bukhari T, Onchuru TO, Teal E, Paredes J, Bargul JL, Mburu DM, Onyango EA, Magoma G, Sinkins SP, Herren JK. Horizontal Transmission of the Symbiont Microsporidia MB in Anopheles arabiensis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:647183. [PMID: 34394019 PMCID: PMC8355901 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.647183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently discovered Anopheles symbiont, Microsporidia MB, has a strong malaria transmission-blocking phenotype in Anopheles arabiensis, the predominant Anopheles gambiae species complex member in many active transmission areas in eastern Africa. The ability of Microsporidia MB to block Plasmodium transmission together with vertical transmission and avirulence makes it a candidate for the development of a symbiont-based malaria transmission blocking strategy. We investigate the characteristics and efficiencies of Microsporidia MB transmission between An. arabiensis mosquitoes. We show that Microsporidia MB is not transmitted between larvae but is effectively transmitted horizontally between adult mosquitoes. Notably, Microsporidia MB was only found to be transmitted between male and female An. arabiensis, suggesting sexual horizontal transmission. In addition, Microsporidia MB cells were observed infecting the An. arabiensis ejaculatory duct. Female An. arabiensis that acquire Microsporidia MB horizontally are able to transmit the symbiont vertically to their offspring. We also investigate the possibility that Microsporidia MB can infect alternate hosts that live in the same habitats as their An. arabiensis hosts, but find no other non-anopheline hosts. Notably, Microsporidia MB infections were found in another primary malaria African vector, Anopheles funestus s.s. The finding that Microsporidia MB can be transmitted horizontally is relevant for the development of dissemination strategies to control malaria that are based on the targeted release of Microsporidia MB infected Anopheles mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey Nattoh
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation, Pan African University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Tracy Maina
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Edward E Makhulu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lilian Mbaisi
- Research Unit in Bioinformatics (RUBi), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Enock Mararo
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fidel G Otieno
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Tullu Bukhari
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Thomas O Onchuru
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Bomet University College, Bomet, Kenya
| | - Evan Teal
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Juan Paredes
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joel L Bargul
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation, Pan African University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David M Mburu
- Pwani University Biosciences Research Centre (PUBReC), Kilifi, Kenya
| | | | - Gabriel Magoma
- Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation, Pan African University, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Steven P Sinkins
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy K Herren
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
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Che-Mendoza A, Martin-Park A, Chávez-Trava JM, Contreras-Perera Y, Delfín-González H, González-Olvera G, Leirana-Alcocer J, Guillermo-May G, Chan-Espinoza D, Pavia-Ruz N, Méndez-Vales RE, Alcocer-Gamboa A, Correa-Morales F, Palacio-Vargas J, Zhang D, Vazquez-Prokopec G, Xi Z, Manrique-Saide P. Abundance and Seasonality of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Two Suburban Localities of South Mexico, With Implications for Wolbachia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae)-Carrying Male Releases for Population Suppression. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1817-1825. [PMID: 33822117 PMCID: PMC8285091 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a baseline characterization of the abundance and seasonality of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762)-a vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika-in two suburban localities of Yucatan, Mexico, as the first step in the implementation of an integrated vector management (IVM) plan combining 'traditional Aedes control' (source reduction/truck-mounted ultra-low volume [ULV] spraying) and incompatible insect technique/sterile insect technique for population suppression in Yucatan, Mexico. Weekly entomological collections with ovitraps and BG-sentinel traps were performed in 1-ha quadrants of both localities for 1 yr. Three distinct periods/phases were identified, closely associated with precipitation: 1) a phase of low population abundance during the dry season (weekly average of Aedes eggs per ovitrap and adults per BG trap = 15.51 ± 0.71 and 10.07 ± 0.88, respectively); 2) a phase of population growth and greatest abundance of Aedes (49.03 ± 1.48 eggs and 25.69 ± 1.31 adults) during the rainy season; and finally 3) a phase of decline among populations (20.91 ± 0.97 eggs and 3.24 ± 0.21 adults) after the peak of the rainy season. Seasonal abundance and dynamics of Ae. aegypti populations suggest that it is feasible to develop and implement time-specific actions as part of an IVM approach incorporating integrating novel technologies (such as rear-and-release of Wolbachia-infected males) with classic (insecticide-based) approaches implemented routinely for vector control. In agreement with the local vector control program, we propose a pilot IVM strategy structured in a preparation phase, an attack phase with traditional vector control, and a suppression phase with inundative releases, which are described in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azael Che-Mendoza
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Abdiel Martin-Park
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Juan Manuel Chávez-Trava
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Yamili Contreras-Perera
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Hugo Delfín-González
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Gabriela González-Olvera
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Jorge Leirana-Alcocer
- Departamento de Ecología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Guillermo Guillermo-May
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Daniel Chan-Espinoza
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Norma Pavia-Ruz
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 59 x Itzáes Avenue, Centro, C.P. 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | | | - Alberto Alcocer-Gamboa
- Servicios de Salud de Yucatán, Calle 72 #463 por 53 y 55 C.P. 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, México
- Secretaría de Investigación, Innovación y Educación Superior, Calle 8 347, San Esteban, C.P. 97149 Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Fabian Correa-Morales
- Subdirección del Programa de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores, Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos y Control de Enfermedades, Benjamín Franklin No. 132, Col. Escandón Del. Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11800, México,México
| | - Jorge Palacio-Vargas
- Servicios de Salud de Yucatán, Calle 72 #463 por 53 y 55 C.P. 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Dongjing Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University–Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gonzalo Vazquez-Prokopec
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, 400 Dowman Dr, 5th Fl, Ste E523, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Zhiyong Xi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
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Bourtzis K, Vreysen MJB. Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) and Its Applications. INSECTS 2021; 12:638. [PMID: 34357298 PMCID: PMC8304793 DOI: 10.3390/insects12070638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although most insect species have a beneficial role in the ecosystems, some of them represent major plant pests and disease vectors for livestock and humans. During the last six-seven decades, the sterile insect technique (SIT) has been used as part of area-wide integrated pest management strategies to suppress, contain, locally eradicate or prevent the (re)invasion of insect pest populations and disease vectors worldwide. This Special Issue on "Sterile insect technique (SIT) and its applications", which consists of 27 manuscripts (7 reviews and 20 original research articles), provides an update on the research and development efforts in this area. The manuscripts report on all the different components of the SIT package including mass-rearing, development of genetic sexing strains, irradiation, quality control as well as field trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Marc J. B. Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
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Zhang D, Chen S, Abd-Alla AMM, Bourtzis K. The Effect of Radiation on the Gut Bacteriome of Aedes albopictus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:671699. [PMID: 34305838 PMCID: PMC8299835 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.671699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) has been developed as a component of area-wide integrated pest management approaches to control the populations of Aedes albopictus, a mosquito vector capable of transmission of dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses. One of the key factors for the success of SIT is the requirement of high biological quality sterile males, which upon their release would be able to compete with wild males for matings with wild females in the field. In insects, gut bacteriome have played a catalytic role during evolution significantly affecting several aspects of their biology and ecology. Given the importance of gut-associated bacterial species for the overall ecological fitness and biological quality of their hosts, it is of interest to understand the effects of radiation on the gut-associated bacteriome of Ae. albopictus. In this study, the effect of radiation on the composition and density levels of the gut-associated bacterial species at the pupal stage as well as at 1- and 4-day-old males and females was studied using 16S rRNA gene-based next generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) approaches. Age, diet, sex, and radiation were shown to affect the gut-associated bacterial communities, with age having the highest impact triggering significant changes on bacterial diversity and clustering among pupae, 1- and 4-day-old adult samples. qPCR analysis revealed that the relative density levels of Aeromonas are higher in male samples compared to all other samples and that the irradiation triggers an increase in the density levels of both Aeromonas and Elizabethkingia in the mosquito gut at specific stages. Our results suggest that Aeromonas could potentially be used as probiotics to enhance protandry and sex separation in support of SIT applications against Ae. albopictus, while the functional role of Elizabethkingia in respect to oxidative stress and damage in irradiated mosquitoes needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjing Zhang
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Biological Control, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Adly M M Abd-Alla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
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Gato R, Menéndez Z, Prieto E, Argilés R, Rodríguez M, Baldoquín W, Hernández Y, Pérez D, Anaya J, Fuentes I, Lorenzo C, González K, Campo Y, Bouyer J. Sterile Insect Technique: Successful Suppression of an Aedes aegypti Field Population in Cuba. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12050469. [PMID: 34070177 PMCID: PMC8158475 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a species-specific and environment-friendly method of insect control that relies on the release of large numbers of sterile insects. Mating released sterile males with wild females leads to a decrease in the reproductive potential and to the local suppression of the target population. There is increased interest in applying this approach to manage disease-transmitting mosquito populations. The main focus of this pilot trial was to assess the efficacy of the SIT for the suppression of Aedes aegypti populations. Two areas in Havana city, Cuba, were selected as control and release trial sites. The presence, density and fertility of the target wild population were monitored through a network of ovitraps. Approximately 1,270,000 irradiated Ae. aegypti males were released in the 50 ha target area over a period of 20 weeks. The released mosquitoes showed excellent mating competitiveness and induced high levels of sterility in the wild Ae. aegypti population. The target natural population was suppressed as reflected in the ovitrap index and in the mean number of eggs/trap values which dropped to zero by the last 3 weeks of the trial. We conclude that the released sterile male Ae. aegypti competed successfully and induced significant sterility in the local target Ae. aegypti population, resulting in suppression of the vector. Abstract Dengue virus infections are a serious public health problem worldwide. Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of dengue in Cuba. As there is no vaccine or specific treatment, the control efforts are directed to the reduction of mosquito populations. The indiscriminate use of insecticides can lead to adverse effects on ecosystems, including human health. The sterile insect technique is a species-specific and environment-friendly method of insect population control based on the release of large numbers of sterile insects, ideally males only. The success of this technique for the sustainable management of agricultural pests has encouraged its evaluation for the population suppression of mosquito vector species. Here, we describe an open field trial to evaluate the effect of the release of irradiated male Ae. aegypti on a wild population. The pilot trial was carried out in a suburb of Havana and compared the mosquito population density before and after the intervention, in both untreated control and release areas. The wild population was monitored by an ovitrap network, recording frequency and density of eggs as well as their hatch rate. A significant amount of sterility was induced in the field population of the release area, as compared with the untreated control area. The ovitrap index and the mean number of eggs/trap declined dramatically after 12 and 5 weeks of releases, respectively. For the last 3 weeks, no eggs were collected in the treatment area, clearly indicating a significant suppression of the wild target population. We conclude that the sterile males released competed successfully and induced enough sterility to suppress the local Ae. aegypti population.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Gato
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +53-5346-3992
| | - Zulema Menéndez
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Enrique Prieto
- Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear, Calle 30 y 5ta ave. Miramar, La Habana 11300, Cuba;
| | - Rafael Argilés
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Vienna, Wagramer Strasse 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria; (R.A.); (J.B.)
| | - Misladys Rodríguez
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Waldemar Baldoquín
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yisel Hernández
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Dennis Pérez
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jorge Anaya
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ilario Fuentes
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Claudia Lorenzo
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Keren González
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yudaisi Campo
- Instituto Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodia, La Lisa, La Habana 11400, Cuba; (Z.M.); (M.R.); (W.B.); (Y.H.); (D.P.); (J.A.); (I.F.); (C.L.); (K.G.); (Y.C.)
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Vienna, Wagramer Strasse 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria; (R.A.); (J.B.)
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Vreysen MJB, Abd-Alla AMM, Bourtzis K, Bouyer J, Caceres C, de Beer C, Oliveira Carvalho D, Maiga H, Mamai W, Nikolouli K, Yamada H, Pereira R. The Insect Pest Control Laboratory of the Joint FAO/IAEA Programme: Ten Years (2010-2020) of Research and Development, Achievements and Challenges in Support of the Sterile Insect Technique. INSECTS 2021; 12:346. [PMID: 33924539 PMCID: PMC8070182 DOI: 10.3390/insects12040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Joint FAO/IAEA Centre (formerly called Division) of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture was established in 1964 and its accompanying laboratories in 1961. One of its subprograms deals with insect pest control, and has the mandate to develop and implement the sterile insect technique (SIT) for selected key insect pests, with the goal of reducing the use of insecticides, reducing animal and crop losses, protecting the environment, facilitating international trade in agricultural commodities and improving human health. Since its inception, the Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL) (formerly named Entomology Unit) has been implementing research in relation to the development of the SIT package for insect pests of crops, livestock and human health. This paper provides a review of research carried out between 2010 and 2020 at the IPCL. Research on plant pests has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains, characterizing and assessing the performance of these strains (e.g., Ceratitis capitata), elucidation of the taxonomic status of several members of the Bactrocera dorsalis and Anastrepha fraterculus complexes, the use of microbiota as probiotics, genomics, supplements to improve the performance of the reared insects, and the development of the SIT package for fruit fly species such as Bactrocera oleae and Drosophila suzukii. Research on livestock pests has focused on colony maintenance and establishment, tsetse symbionts and pathogens, sex separation, morphology, sterile male quality, radiation biology, mating behavior and transportation and release systems. Research with human disease vectors has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains (Anopheles arabiensis, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus), the development of a more cost-effective larvae and adult rearing system, assessing various aspects of radiation biology, characterizing symbionts and pathogens, studying mating behavior and the development of quality control procedures, and handling and release methods. During the review period, 13 coordinated research projects (CRPs) were completed and six are still being implemented. At the end of each CRP, the results were published in a special issue of a peer-reviewed journal. The review concludes with an overview of future challenges, such as the need to adhere to a phased conditional approach for the implementation of operational SIT programs, the need to make the SIT more cost effective, to respond with demand driven research to solve the problems faced by the operational SIT programs and the use of the SIT to address a multitude of exotic species that are being introduced, due to globalization, and established in areas where they could not survive before, due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (M.J.B.V.); (A.M.M.A.-A.); (K.B.); (J.B.); (C.C.); (C.d.B.); (D.O.C.); (H.M.); (W.M.); (K.N.); (R.P.)
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Douchet L, Haramboure M, Baldet T, L'Ambert G, Damiens D, Gouagna LC, Bouyer J, Labbé P, Tran A. Comparing sterile male releases and other methods for integrated control of the tiger mosquito in temperate and tropical climates. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7354. [PMID: 33795801 PMCID: PMC8016901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86798-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The expansion of mosquito species worldwide is creating a powerful network for the spread of arboviruses. In addition to the destruction of breeding sites (prevention) and mass trapping, methods based on the sterile insect technique (SIT), the autodissemination of pyriproxyfen (ADT), and a fusion of elements from both of these known as boosted SIT (BSIT), are being developed to meet the urgent need for effective vector control. However, the comparative potential of these methods has yet to be explored in different environments. This is needed to propose and integrate informed guidelines into sustainable mosquito management plans. We extended a weather-dependent model of Aedes albopictus population dynamics to assess the effectiveness of these different vector control methods, alone or in combination, in a tropical (Reunion island, southwest Indian Ocean) and a temperate (Montpellier area, southern France) climate. Our results confirm the potential efficiency of SIT in temperate climates when performed early in the year (mid-March for northern hemisphere). In such a climate, the timing of the vector control action was the key factor in its success. In tropical climates, the potential of the combination of methods becomes more relevant. BSIT and the combination of ADT with SIT were twice as effective compared to the use of SIT alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Douchet
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 97491, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Haramboure
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 97491, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France.
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- ISEM, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- TETIS, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Thierry Baldet
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 97491, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gregory L'Ambert
- Department of Research and Development, EID Méditerranée, Montpellier, France
| | - David Damiens
- IRD, CNRS-UM-IRD, UMR MIVEGEC, Montpellier, Reunion, France
- IRD/GIP CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
| | - Louis Clément Gouagna
- IRD, CNRS-UM-IRD, UMR MIVEGEC, Montpellier, Reunion, France
- IRD/GIP CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 34398, Montpellier, France
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 1400, Vienna, Austria
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 97410, Saint-Pierre, Reunion, France
| | - Pierrick Labbé
- ISEM, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Annelise Tran
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 97491, Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion, France
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- TETIS, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Bellini R, Carrieri M, Balestrino F, Puggioli A, Malfacini M, Bouyer J. Field Competitiveness of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Irradiated Males in Pilot Sterile Insect Technique Trials in Northern Italy. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:807-813. [PMID: 33179753 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases account for 17% of infectious diseases, leading to more than one million deaths each year. Mosquitoes are responsible for 90% of the casualties and alternative control methods to insecticides are urgently needed, especially against Aedes vectors. Aedes albopictus is a particularly important species, causing major public health problems because it is a vector of several arboviruses and has a strong invasive behavior. Various genetic control methods have been proposed to be integrated into the management strategies of Aedes species, among which the sterile insect technique (SIT), which proved efficient against various insect pests and vectors. However, the ability of released irradiated sterile male mosquitoes to compete with their wild counterparts and induce sterility in wild females, which is critical to the success of this strategy, remained poorly defined. Here, we assessed the field competitiveness of Ae. albopictus irradiated male using data from eight release trials implemented in Northern Italy for 3 yr. Sterile males were capable of inducing a good level of sterility in the wild female population, however, with high variability in time and space. The field competitiveness of the released males was strongly negatively correlated with the ratio of sterile to wild males. This should be taken into consideration when designing future programs to suppress field populations of Aedes mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo Bellini
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Marco Carrieri
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Balestrino
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Arianna Puggioli
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Marco Malfacini
- Sanitary Entomology and Zoology Department, Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G. Nicoli", IAEA Collaborating Center, Via Sant'Agata 835, Crevalcore, Italy
| | - Jeremy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, NAFA Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
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Stefopoulou A, LaDeau SL, Syrigou N, Balatsos G, Karras V, Lytra I, Boukouvala E, Papachristos DP, Milonas PG, Kapranas A, Vahamidis P, Michaelakis A. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Survey in Greece before the Implementation of Sterile Insect Technique against Aedes albopictus. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12030212. [PMID: 33801542 PMCID: PMC8000271 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Aedes albopictus, also known as the Asian tiger mosquito, tends to breed in various artificial containers frequently found in urban areas. Since urban areas cannot be easily accessed for the application of control measures, community engagement is considered beneficial in vector control. The area of Vravrona, Greece was selected for the implementation of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against Aedes albopictus for the first time in Greece. In the current study, a door-to-door campaign was used as a prerelease intervention to raise community awareness about SIT and encourage removal of mosquito habitats in their yards. A KAP (knowledge, attitude, practices) survey was used to collect these data of local community members. Our results demonstrate that using the door-to-door campaign as a prerelease method can raise community awareness, reduce the initial mosquito population, and potentially improve SIT efficacy. The participation of key persons, such as scientific experts and municipality members, in the implementation of the interventions is crucial for the successful engagement of community and may prove important in granting permission to enter their private properties for entomological surveillance. Abstract Community involvement in Aedes albopictus management can be very efficient and result in raising awareness among citizens. Toward this end, a door-to-door campaign can encourage active community participation in vector control. The current study describes the results of an intervention where a KAP (knowledge, attitude, practices) survey tool was paired with a door-to-door campaign and was implemented as an intervention method in Vravrona area (Attica, Greece) before the release of sterile males (sterile insect technique, SIT) against Aedes albopictus. The KAP tool was used to shed light on the knowledge, practices, and attitudes of local community members in order to better prepare and motivate participation in household mosquito control and to assess current understanding of SIT. Each household also received specific information about mosquito source habitat in their own yards at the time of the initial KAP survey. These household data were complemented by standardized mosquito trapping in the municipality. Our findings indicate that citizens’ attitude toward SIT ranged from indecisive to fully supportive, while 77.5% of the respondents agreed that the SIT has many advantages over chemical control methods. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that using the door-to-door campaign as an intervention and prerelease method before SIT can suppress the initial mosquito population and potentially improve its efficacy. Lastly, we show that the presence of local municipality officials during door-to-door visits was associated with increased willingness from the residents to participate in the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Stefopoulou
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
| | | | - Nefeli Syrigou
- Municipality of Markopoulo Mesogaias, 19003 Markopoulo, Greece; (N.S.); (E.B.)
| | - George Balatsos
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
| | - Vasileios Karras
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
| | - Ioanna Lytra
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
| | | | - Dimitrios P. Papachristos
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
| | - Panagiotis G. Milonas
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
| | - Apostolos Kapranas
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
| | - Petros Vahamidis
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Scientific Directorate of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, 14561 Kifissia, Greece; (A.S.); (G.B.); (V.K.); (I.L.); (D.P.P.); (P.G.M.); (A.K.); or (P.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-8180248
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Oliva CF, Benedict MQ, Collins CM, Baldet T, Bellini R, Bossin H, Bouyer J, Corbel V, Facchinelli L, Fouque F, Geier M, Michaelakis A, Roiz D, Simard F, Tur C, Gouagna LC. Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) against Aedes Species Mosquitoes: A Roadmap and Good Practice Framework for Designing, Implementing and Evaluating Pilot Field Trials. INSECTS 2021; 12:191. [PMID: 33668374 PMCID: PMC7996155 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are invasive mosquito species that impose a substantial risk to human health. To control the abundance and spread of these arboviral pathogen vectors, the sterile insect technique (SIT) is emerging as a powerful complement to most commonly-used approaches, in part, because this technique is ecologically benign, specific, and non-persistent in the environment if releases are stopped. Because SIT and other similar vector control strategies are becoming of increasing interest to many countries, we offer here a pragmatic and accessible 'roadmap' for the pre-pilot and pilot phases to guide any interested party. This will support stakeholders, non-specialist scientists, implementers, and decision-makers. Applying these concepts will ensure, given adequate resources, a sound basis for local field trialing and for developing experience with the technique in readiness for potential operational deployment. This synthesis is based on the available literature, in addition to the experience and current knowledge of the expert contributing authors in this field. We describe a typical path to successful pilot testing, with the four concurrent development streams of Laboratory, Field, Stakeholder Relations, and the Business and Compliance Case. We provide a graphic framework with criteria that must be met in order to proceed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clélia F. Oliva
- Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes (CTIFL), Centre Opérationnel de Balandran, 751 Chemin de Balandran, 30127 Bellegarde, France;
- Collectif TIS (Technique de l’Insecte Stérile), 751 Chemin de Balandran, 30127 Bellegarde, France
| | | | - C Matilda Collins
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London SW7 1NE, UK;
| | - Thierry Baldet
- ASTRE (Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques, Ecosystèmes), Cirad, Univ Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France; (T.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Romeo Bellini
- Centro Agricoltura Ambiente “Giorgio Nicoli”, S.r.l. Via Sant’Agata, 835, 40014 Crevalcore, Italy;
| | - Hervé Bossin
- Institut Louis Malardé, Papeete, 98713 Tahiti, French Polynesia;
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- ASTRE (Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques, Ecosystèmes), Cirad, Univ Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France; (T.B.); (J.B.)
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Vienna, Wagramer Strasse 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vincent Corbel
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; (V.C.); (D.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Luca Facchinelli
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Florence Fouque
- TDR (Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases), WHO, 20 Avenue Appia, 1121 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Martin Geier
- Biogents AG, Weissenburgstr. 22, 93055 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Antonios Michaelakis
- Benaki Phytopathological Institute. 8, S. Delta str., Kifissia, 14561 Athens, Greece;
| | - David Roiz
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; (V.C.); (D.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Frédéric Simard
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; (V.C.); (D.R.); (F.S.)
| | - Carlos Tur
- Grupo Tragsa–KM. 4,5 Bajo, A28476208-EMPRE, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Louis-Clément Gouagna
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle), IRD-CNRS-Univ. Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France; (V.C.); (D.R.); (F.S.)
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Reduction in Egg Fertility of Aedes albopictus Mosquitoes in Greece Following Releases of Imported Sterile Males. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12020110. [PMID: 33513716 PMCID: PMC7911890 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Aedes albopictus, also known as the Asian tiger mosquito, is an invasive mosquito well established in Europe, posing high risks of transmission of dengue and chikungunya viruses that are detrimental to human health. The newly invaded areas that experienced no intense mosquito annoyance in the past are now suffering because of the Asian tiger mosquito. Due to the large number of diverse breeding sites and the poor community participation in mosquito habitat elimination programs, traditional control efforts, such as intense chemical control efforts in public areas, have rather low efficacy. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a method of insect control with successful applications against several agricultural insect pests and it has been proposed as a control method against invasive mosquito species. Weekly release of 2280 to 2995 sterile male mosquitoes/hectare resulted in increased levels of egg sterility of Ae. albopictus at a single release site of 5 hectares. This first SIT pilot trial against Ae. albopictus in Greece showed encouraging results that justify the continuation with larger scale trials. Abstract Aedes albopictus, an invasive mosquito species, is currently well established in many European countries, posing high risks to human health. A preliminary trial using repetitive releases of irradiated sterile male mosquitoes was designed, implemented and evaluated for the first time in Greece. The main scope of this trial was to investigate the efficacy of sterile insect technique (SIT) on wild population egg hatch rate in Greece using mass-produced sterile male mosquitoes from another country (Italy). The study was conducted in Vravrona area, close to Athens International Airport (Attica Region). The number of eggs laid in ovitraps was similar in all intervention and control plots. However, a significant reduction in egg hatch rate was recorded in the SIT plot in comparison with both control plots starting two weeks after the first release. This trial validates the logistics (transportation, releases handling and monitoring) as a major step towards implementing efficient, environmentally safe control approaches as an additional tool against the invasive Aedes species in Greece and more widely in Europe.
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Mamai W, Maiga H, Bimbilé Somda NS, Wallner T, Masso OB, Resch C, Yamada H, Bouyer J. Does Tap Water Quality Compromise the Production of Aedes Mosquitoes in Genetic Control Projects? INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12010057. [PMID: 33445407 PMCID: PMC7826741 DOI: 10.3390/insects12010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Scientists all over the world are continually rearing and producing insects in laboratories for many purposes including pest control programmes. Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are mosquitoes of public health importance due to their ability to vector human and animal pathogens and thus vector control represents an important component of many disease control programmes. Water is a factor of great importance in the larval environment of mosquito species. However, obtaining sufficient water of reliable quality for mosquito rearing is still challenging, especially in developing and least developed countries, where access even to clean drinking water is limited. In prospect of cost-effective methods for improved mass-rearing toward SIT application, we assessed the impact of using tap water on the development and quality of Aedes mosquitoes. Results showed that, tap water with hardness/electrical conductivity beyond certain levels (140 mg/l CaCO3 or 368 µS/cm) was shown to have a negative impact on the production of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. These results suggest that the quality of water should be checked when using for rearing mosquitoes for release purposes in order to optimize the production performance of mass-rearing facilities. This may have important implications for the implementation of the sterile insect technique in areas where reverse osmosis water is a scarce or costly resource. Abstract A mosquito’s life cycle includes an aquatic phase. Water quality is therefore an important determinant of whether or not the female mosquitoes will lay their eggs and the resulting immature stages will survive and successfully complete their development to the adult stage. In response to variations in laboratory rearing outputs, there is a need to investigate the effect of tap water (TW) (in relation to water hardness and electrical conductivity) on mosquito development, productivity and resulting adult quality. In this study, we compared the respective responses of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus to different water hardness/electrical conductivity. First-instar larvae were reared in either 100% water purified through reverse osmosis (ROW) (low water hardness/electrical conductivity), 100% TW (high water hardness/electrical conductivity) or a 80:20, 50:50, 20:80 mix of ROW and TW. The immature development time, pupation rate, adult emergence, body size, and longevity were determined. Overall, TW (with higher hardness and electrical conductivity) was associated with increased time to pupation, decreased pupal production, female body size in both species and longevity in Ae. albopictus only. However, Ae. albopictus was more sensitive to high water hardness/EC than Ae. aegypti. Moreover, in all water hardness/electrical conductivity levels tested, Ae. aegypti developed faster than Ae. albopictus. Conversely, Ae. albopictus adults survived longer than Ae. aegypti. These results imply that water with hardness of more than 140 mg/l CaCO3 or electrical conductivity more than 368 µS/cm cannot be recommended for the optimal rearing of Aedes mosquitoes and highlight the need to consider the level of water hardness/electrical conductivity when rearing Aedes mosquitoes for release purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadaka Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria; (H.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (O.B.M.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
- Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), PO. Box 2123 Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Correspondence:
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria; (H.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (O.B.M.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest (IRSS/DRO), 01 PO. Box 545 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Nanwintoum Sévérin Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria; (H.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (O.B.M.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest (IRSS/DRO), 01 PO. Box 545 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- Laboratoire d’Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LEFA), Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 PO. Box 7021 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Thomas Wallner
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria; (H.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (O.B.M.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
| | - Odet Bueno Masso
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria; (H.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (O.B.M.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
| | - Christian Resch
- Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria;
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria; (H.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (O.B.M.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria; (H.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (O.B.M.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
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Augustinos AA, Misbah-Ul-Haq M, Carvalho DO, de la Fuente LD, Koskinioti P, Bourtzis K. Irradiation induced inversions suppress recombination between the M locus and morphological markers in Aedes aegypti. BMC Genet 2020; 21:142. [PMID: 33339503 PMCID: PMC7747368 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00949-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of arthropod-borne viruses and one of the most widespread and invasive mosquito species. Due to the lack of efficient specific drugs or vaccination strategies, vector population control methods, such as the sterile insect technique, are receiving renewed interest. However, availability of a reliable genetic sexing strategy is crucial, since there is almost zero tolerance for accidentally released females. Development of genetic sexing strains through classical genetics is hindered by genetic recombination that is not suppressed in males as is the case in many Diptera. Isolation of naturally-occurring or irradiation-induced inversions can enhance the genetic stability of genetic sexing strains developed through genetically linking desirable phenotypes with the male determining region. RESULTS For the induction and isolation of inversions through irradiation, 200 male pupae of the 'BRA' wild type strain were irradiated at 30 Gy and 100 isomale lines were set up by crossing with homozygous 'red-eye' (re) mutant females. Recombination between re and the M locus and the white (w) gene (causing a recessive white eye phenotype when mutated) and the M locus was tested in 45 and 32 lines, respectively. One inversion (Inv35) reduced recombination between both re and the M locus, and wand the M locus, consistent with the presence of a rather extended inversion between the two morphological mutations, that includes the M locus. Another inversion (Inv5) reduced recombination only between w and the M locus. In search of naturally-occurring, recombination-suppressing inversions, homozygous females from the red eye and the white eye strains were crossed with seventeen and fourteen wild type strains collected worldwide, representing either recently colonized or long-established laboratory populations. Despite evidence of varying frequencies of recombination, no combination led to the elimination or substantial reduction of recombination. CONCLUSION Inducing inversions through irradiation is a feasible strategy to isolate recombination suppressors either on the M or the m chromosome for Aedes aegypti. Such inversions can be incorporated in genetic sexing strains developed through classical genetics to enhance their genetic stability and support SIT or other approaches that aim to population suppression through male-delivered sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
- Present address: Department of Plant Protection, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, 26442, Patras, Greece.
| | - Muhammad Misbah-Ul-Haq
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
- Present address: Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Danilo O Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucia Duran de la Fuente
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Panagiota Koskinioti
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
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Maïga H, Mamai W, Bimbilé Somda NS, Wallner T, Poda BS, Salvador-Herranz G, Argiles-Herrero R, Yamada H, Bouyer J. Assessment of a Novel Adult Mass-Rearing Cage for Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Anopheles arabiensis (Patton). INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11110801. [PMID: 33202973 PMCID: PMC7697024 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Successful implementation of the sterile insect technique (SIT) against Aedes albopictus and Anopheles arabiensis relies on a continuous supply of sterile males. To meet this requirement, optimization of the mass-rearing techniques is needed. This study, therefore, aims to assess a new mass-rearing cage (MRC) in terms of egg production efficiency and egg hatch rate (quality). In addition, adult survival was evaluated based on a cage adult-index for Ae. albopictus. Moreover, the cage's suitability for use in mass An. arabiensis egg production was compared to that of the FAO/IAEA Anopheles reference cage. In Ae. albopictus rearing, the new MRC produced 1,112,110 eggs per cage following six blood meals, with minimum loss of eggs in the egging water. Furthermore, the adult index gave a good proxy of daily mortality rates in Ae. albopictus. In An. arabiensis rearing, about 130,000 eggs per egg batch were collected both from the new and the reference MRC. These findings suggest that the new MRC prototype is efficient in terms of egg production and can be used for mass-rearing in SIT programs targeting Ae. albopictus as well as An. arabiensis. The adult index was also positively validated for the detection of unusual mortality rates in Ae. albopictus mass-rearing facilities. Overall, the new MRC has shown several advantages; however, further improvements are necessary to minimize escapes during the egg collection processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidou Maïga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (W.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (R.A.-H.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l’Ouest, 01 BP 545 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Wadaka Mamai
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (W.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (R.A.-H.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
- Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement, P.O. Box 2123 Yaounde, Cameroun
| | - Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (W.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (R.A.-H.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l’Ouest, 01 BP 545 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso;
| | - Thomas Wallner
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (W.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (R.A.-H.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
| | - Bèwadéyir Serge Poda
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Direction Régionale de l’Ouest, 01 BP 545 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso;
| | - Gustavo Salvador-Herranz
- Technical School of Design, Architecture and Engineering, University CEU Cardenal Herrera, C/San Bartolomé 55, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain;
| | - Rafael Argiles-Herrero
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (W.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (R.A.-H.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (W.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (R.A.-H.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (W.M.); (N.S.B.S.); (T.W.); (R.A.-H.); (H.Y.); (J.B.)
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Gouagna LC, Damiens D, Oliva CF, Boyer S, Le Goff G, Brengues C, Dehecq JS, Raude J, Simard F, Fontenille D. Strategic Approach, Advances, and Challenges in the Development and Application of the SIT for Area-Wide Control of Aedes albopictus Mosquitoes in Reunion Island. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11110770. [PMID: 33171885 PMCID: PMC7695178 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Aedes albopictus is a well-established competent arbovirus vector in Reunion Island, a French overseas territory in the Indian Ocean, occurring in a range of natural to urban environments where it represents a major threat to public health. Following the 2006 Chikungunya outbreak and periodic occurrence of dengue epidemics, the sterile insect technique (SIT) emerged as the most environment-friendly option for integration with the current vector control strategy that relies mainly on the elimination of breeding sites and insecticide applications. This paper describes the trajectory that has been followed in assessing the feasibility of SIT against Ae. albopictus in Reunion Island, and reviews some of the main achievements since 2009. These include essential scientific information so far obtained on the biology and ecology of Ae. albopictus, and the development of the requisite technological capabilities for the production and release of sexually competitive sterile males. Furthermore, it also draws attention to the strategies established to streamline the decision-making process, including an awareness campaign to enhance public understanding, efforts to secure public acceptance and regulatory validation of SIT pilot testing for small-scale suppression of wild Ae. albopictus in selected urban sites on the island. Abstract The global expansion of Aedes albopictus, together with the absence of specific treatment and vaccines for most of the arboviruses it transmits, has stimulated the development of more sustainable and ecologically acceptable methods for control of disease transmission through the suppression of natural vector populations. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is rapidly evolving as an additional tool for mosquito control, offering an efficient and more environment-friendly alternative to the use of insecticides. Following the devastating chikungunya outbreak, which affected 38% of the population on Reunion Island (a French overseas territory in the southwest of the Indian Ocean), there has been strong interest and political will to develop effective alternatives to the existing vector control strategies. Over the past 10 years, the French Research and Development Institute (IRD) has established an SIT feasibility program against Ae. albopictus on Reunion Island in collaboration with national and international partners. This program aimed to determine whether the SIT based on the release of radiation-sterilized males is scientifically and technically feasible, and socially acceptable as part of a control strategy targeting the local Ae. albopictus population. This paper provides a review of a multi-year and a particularly broad scoping process of establishing the scientific and technological feasibility of the SIT against Ae. albopictus on Reunion Island. It also draws attention to some prerequisites of the decision-making process, through awareness campaigns to enhance public understanding and support, social adoption, and regulatory validation of the SIT pilot tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Clément Gouagna
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (D.D.); (C.F.O.); (G.L.G.); (C.B.); (F.S.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-2-62-93-88-19
| | - David Damiens
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (D.D.); (C.F.O.); (G.L.G.); (C.B.); (F.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Clélia F. Oliva
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (D.D.); (C.F.O.); (G.L.G.); (C.B.); (F.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Sébastien Boyer
- Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh 12201, Cambodia;
| | - Gilbert Le Goff
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (D.D.); (C.F.O.); (G.L.G.); (C.B.); (F.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Cécile Brengues
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (D.D.); (C.F.O.); (G.L.G.); (C.B.); (F.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Jean-Sébastien Dehecq
- ARS—Délégation Départementale de la Haute-Garonne, Pôle de Prévention et Gestion des Alertes Sanitaires, CEDEX 2, 31050 Toulouse, France;
| | - Jocelyn Raude
- EHESP, School of Public Health, UMR “Emergence des Pathologies Virales”, Université Aix-Marseille, IRD190, INSERM1207, 35043 Rennes, France;
| | - Frédéric Simard
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (D.D.); (C.F.O.); (G.L.G.); (C.B.); (F.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Didier Fontenille
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34394 Montpellier, France; (D.D.); (C.F.O.); (G.L.G.); (C.B.); (F.S.); (D.F.)
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