1
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AbuJabal R, Ramakrishnan RK, Bajbouj K, Hamid Q. Role of IL-5 in asthma and airway remodelling. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:538-549. [PMID: 38938056 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a common and burdensome chronic inflammatory airway disease that affects both children and adults. One of the main concerns with asthma is the manifestation of irreversible tissue remodelling of the airways due to the chronic inflammatory environment that eventually disrupts the whole structure of the airways. Most people with troublesome asthma are treated with inhaled corticosteroids. However, the development of steroid resistance is a commonly encountered issue, necessitating other treatment options for these patients. Biological therapies are a promising therapeutic approach for people with steroid-resistant asthma. Interleukin 5 is recently gaining a lot of attention as a biological target relevant to the tissue remodelling process. Since IL-5-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mepolizumab, reslizumab and benralizumab) are currently available for clinical use, this review aims to revisit the role of IL-5 in asthma pathogenesis at large and airway remodelling in particular, in addition to exploring its role as a target for biological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola AbuJabal
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rakhee K Ramakrishnan
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khuloud Bajbouj
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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2
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Sun R, Pan X, Ward E, Intrevado R, Morozan A, Lauzon AM, Martin JG. Serum Response Factor Expression in Excess Permits a Dual Contractile-Proliferative Phenotype of Airway Smooth Muscle. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:182-194. [PMID: 38775474 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0081oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors (TFs) MyoCD (myocardin) and Elk-1 (ETS Like-1 protein) competitively bind to SRF (serum response factor) and control myogenic- and mitogenic-related gene expression in smooth muscle, respectively. Their functions are therefore mutually inhibitory, which results in a contractile-versus-proliferative phenotype dichotomy. Airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) phenotype alterations occur in various inflammatory airway diseases, promoting pathological remodeling and contributing to airflow obstruction. We characterized MyoCD and Elk-1 interactions and their roles in phenotype determination in human ASMCs. MyoCD overexpression in ASMCs increased smooth muscle gene expression, force generation, and partially restored the loss of smooth muscle protein associated with prolonged culturing while inhibiting Elk-1 transcriptional activities and proliferation induced by EGF (epidermal growth factor). However, MyoCD overexpression failed to suppress these responses induced by FBS, as FBS also upregulated SRF expression to a degree that allowed unopposed function of both TFs. Inhibition of the RhoA pathway reversed said SRF changes, allowing inhibition of Elk-1 by MyoCD overexpression and suppressing FBS-mediated contractile protein gene upregulation. Our study confirmed that MyoCD in increased abundance can competitively inhibit Elk-1 function. However, SRF upregulation permits a dual contractile-proliferative ASMC phenotype that is anticipated to exacerbate pathological alterations, whereas therapies targeting SRF may inhibit pathological ASMC proliferation and contractile protein gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Xingning Pan
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Erin Ward
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Rafael Intrevado
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Arina Morozan
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Lauzon
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - James G Martin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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3
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ChunXiao L, Xin H, Yun L, BoWen L, KunLu S, JiangTao L. Bronchial thermoplasty for severe asthma: potential mechanisms and response markers. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2024; 18:17534666241266348. [PMID: 39344070 PMCID: PMC11440556 DOI: 10.1177/17534666241266348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe asthma (SA) poses a significant challenge to management and treatment, leading to a reduced quality of life and a heavy burden on society and healthcare resources. Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) has emerged as a non-pharmacological intervention for SA, demonstrating its efficacy and safety in improving patients' quality of life and reducing exacerbation rates for over a decade. In particular, BT encounters various obstacles in its clinical application. Since asthma is characterized by high heterogeneity, not all patients derive effective outcomes from BT. Furthermore, current knowledge of markers that indicate response to BT remains limited. Recent research has shed light on the intricate mechanism of action of BT, which extends beyond simple smooth muscle ablation. Therefore, to enhance the clinical practice and implementation of BT, this paper aims to elucidate the mechanism of action and identify potential markers associated with BT response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li ChunXiao
- Peking University China‑Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hou Xin
- Peking University China‑Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yun
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liu BoWen
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shen KunLu
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin JiangTao
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
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4
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Zhang W, Wu Y, J Gunst S. Membrane adhesion junctions regulate airway smooth muscle phenotype and function. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2321-2347. [PMID: 36796098 PMCID: PMC10243546 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00020.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The local environment surrounding airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells has profound effects on the physiological and phenotypic properties of ASM tissues. ASM is continually subjected to the mechanical forces generated during breathing and to the constituents of its surrounding extracellular milieu. The smooth muscle cells within the airways continually modulate their properties to adapt to these changing environmental influences. Smooth muscle cells connect to the extracellular cell matrix (ECM) at membrane adhesion junctions that provide mechanical coupling between smooth muscle cells within the tissue. Membrane adhesion junctions also sense local environmental signals and transduce them to cytoplasmic and nuclear signaling pathways in the ASM cell. Adhesion junctions are composed of clusters of transmembrane integrin proteins that bind to ECM proteins outside the cell and to large multiprotein complexes in the submembranous cytoplasm. Physiological conditions and stimuli from the surrounding ECM are sensed by integrin proteins and transduced by submembranous adhesion complexes to signaling pathways to the cytoskeleton and nucleus. The transmission of information between the local environment of the cells and intracellular processes enables ASM cells to rapidly adapt their physiological properties to modulating influences in their extracellular environment: mechanical and physical forces that impinge on the cell, ECM constituents, local mediators, and metabolites. The structure and molecular organization of adhesion junction complexes and the actin cytoskeleton are dynamic and constantly changing in response to environmental influences. The ability of ASM to rapidly accommodate to the ever-changing conditions and fluctuating physical forces within its local environment is essential for its normal physiological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Yidi Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Susan J Gunst
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
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5
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Beri P, Plunkett C, Barbara J, Shih CC, Barnes SW, Ross O, Choconta P, Trinh T, Gomez D, Litvin B, Walker J, Qiu M, Hammack S, Toyama EQ. A high-throughput 3D cantilever array to model airway smooth muscle hypercontractility in asthma. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:026104. [PMID: 37206658 PMCID: PMC10191677 DOI: 10.1063/5.0132516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is often characterized by tissue-level mechanical phenotypes that include remodeling of the airway and an increase in airway tightening, driven by the underlying smooth muscle. Existing therapies only provide symptom relief and do not improve the baseline narrowing of the airway or halt progression of the disease. To investigate such targeted therapeutics, there is a need for models that can recapitulate the 3D environment present in this tissue, provide phenotypic readouts of contractility, and be easily integrated into existing assay plate designs and laboratory automation used in drug discovery campaigns. To address this, we have developed DEFLCT, a high-throughput plate insert that can be paired with standard labware to easily generate high quantities of microscale tissues in vitro for screening applications. Using this platform, we exposed primary human airway smooth muscle cell-derived microtissues to a panel of six inflammatory cytokines present in the asthmatic niche, identifying TGF-β1 and IL-13 as inducers of a hypercontractile phenotype. RNAseq analysis further demonstrated enrichment of contractile and remodeling-relevant pathways in TGF-β1 and IL-13 treated tissues as well as pathways generally associated with asthma. Screening of 78 kinase inhibitors on TGF-β1 treated tissues suggests that inhibition of protein kinase C and mTOR/Akt signaling can prevent this hypercontractile phenotype from emerging, while direct inhibition of myosin light chain kinase does not. Taken together, these data establish a disease-relevant 3D tissue model for the asthmatic airway, which combines niche specific inflammatory cues and complex mechanical readouts that can be utilized in drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjali Beri
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | | | - Joshua Barbara
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Chien-Cheng Shih
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - S. Whitney Barnes
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Olivia Ross
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Paula Choconta
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Ton Trinh
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Datzael Gomez
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Bella Litvin
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - John Walker
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Minhua Qiu
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Scott Hammack
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Erin Quan Toyama
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, California 92121, USA
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6
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Song G, Yu S, Zhang Y, Sun M, Zhang B, Peng M. 2-Undecanone alleviates asthma by inhibiting NF-κB pathway. Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 101:101-111. [PMID: 36480816 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling. 2-Undecanone (methyl nonyl ketone), a volatile organic compound originating from Houttuynia cordata, has the potential to ameliorate inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to explore potential benefits of 2-undecanone in asthma. 2-Undecanone (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged BALB/c mice. Lung tissues were collected to observe histopathological changes, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for the detection of inflammatory cells and cytokine production. The results showed that 2-undecanone ameliorated OVA-induced pathologic changes of lungs, including reducing inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia, and airway smooth muscle thickness. The number of inflammatory cells and the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE in BALF were decreased by 2-undecanone in asthmatic mice. Furthermore, abnormal activation of NF-κB pathway in lung tissues of asthmatic mice was impeded by 2-undecanone. In vitro, 2-undecanone (12.5, 25, or 50 µM) suppressed platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced proliferation and migration of primary airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), and inhibited the switching of ASMCs from contractile phenotype to synthetic phenotype. Consistently, 2-undecanone blocked NF-κB activation in ASMCs. Collectively, 2-undecanone relieves asthma through alleviating airway inflammation and remodeling, and this beneficial effect is achieved by inhibiting NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suping Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bingxue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Minghao Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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7
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Airway Smooth Muscle Regulated by Oxidative Stress in COPD. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010142. [PMID: 36671004 PMCID: PMC9854973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Since COPD is a heterogeneous disease, a specific anti-inflammatory therapy for this disease has not been established yet. Oxidative stress is recognized as a major predisposing factor to COPD related inflammatory responses, resulting in pathological features of small airway fibrosis and emphysema. However, little is known about effects of oxidative stress on airway smooth muscle. Cigarette smoke increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration and enhances response to muscarinic agonists in human airway smooth muscle. Cigarette smoke also enhances proliferation of these cells with altered mitochondrial protein. Hydrogen peroxide and 8-isoprostans are increased in the exhaled breath condensate in COPD. These endogenous oxidants cause contraction of tracheal smooth muscle with Ca2+ dynamics through Ca2+ channels and with Ca2+ sensitization through Rho-kinase. TNF-α and growth factors potentiate proliferation of these cells by synthesis of ROS. Oxidative stress can alter the function of airway smooth muscle through Ca2+ signaling. These phenotype changes are associated with manifestations (dyspnea, wheezing) and pathophysiology (airflow limitation, airway remodeling, airway hyperresponsiveness). Therefore, airway smooth muscle is a therapeutic target against COPD; oxidative stress should be included in treatable traits for COPD to advance precision medicine. Research into Ca2+ signaling related to ROS may contribute to the development of a novel agent for COPD.
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8
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Wu F, Li X, Looso M, Liu H, Ding D, Günther S, Kuenne C, Liu S, Weissmann N, Boettger T, Atzberger A, Kolahian S, Renz H, Offermanns S, Gärtner U, Potente M, Zhou Y, Yuan X, Braun T. Spurious transcription causing innate immune responses is prevented by 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Nat Genet 2023; 55:100-111. [PMID: 36539616 PMCID: PMC9839451 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Generation of functional transcripts requires transcriptional initiation at regular start sites, avoiding production of aberrant and potentially hazardous aberrant RNAs. The mechanisms maintaining transcriptional fidelity and the impact of spurious transcripts on cellular physiology and organ function have not been fully elucidated. Here we show that TET3, which successively oxidizes 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and other derivatives, prevents aberrant intragenic entry of RNA polymerase II pSer5 into highly expressed genes of airway smooth muscle cells, assuring faithful transcriptional initiation at canonical start sites. Loss of TET3-dependent 5hmC production in SMCs results in accumulation of spurious transcripts, which stimulate the endosomal nucleic-acid-sensing TLR7/8 signaling pathway, thereby provoking massive inflammation and airway remodeling resembling human bronchial asthma. Furthermore, we found that 5hmC levels are substantially lower in human asthma airways compared with control samples. Suppression of spurious transcription might be important to prevent chronic inflammation in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Xiang Li
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Mario Looso
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hang Liu
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Dong Ding
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Kuenne
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shuya Liu
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany ,grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- grid.440517.3Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany ,grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Boettger
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ann Atzberger
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Saeed Kolahian
- grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Philipps University of Marburg - Medical Faculty, Center for Tumor- and Immunobiology (ZTI), Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Marburg, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Philipps University of Marburg - Medical Faculty, Center for Tumor- and Immunobiology (ZTI), Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gärtner
- Institute for Anatomy und Cell Biology, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Potente
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XAngiogenesis and Metabolism Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XDepartment of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Xuejun Yuan
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany. .,Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
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9
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Ba MA, Aiyuk A, Hernández K, Evasovic JM, Wuebbles RD, Burkin DJ, Singer CA. Transgenic overexpression of α7 integrin in smooth muscle attenuates allergen-induced airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:724-740. [PMID: 36349295 PMCID: PMC9635010 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2022-00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the lower airways characterized by modulation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) function. Infiltration of smooth muscle by inflammatory mediators is partially regulated by transmembrane integrins and the major smooth muscle laminin receptor α7β1 integrin plays a critical role in the maintenance of ASM phenotype. The goal of the current study was to investigate the role of α7 integrin in asthma using smooth muscle-specific α7 integrin transgenic mice (TgSM-Itgα7) using both acute and chronic OVA sensitization and challenge protocols that mimic mild to severe asthmatic phenotypes. Transgenic over-expression of the α7 integrin in smooth muscle resulted in a significant decrease in airway resistance relative to controls, reduced the total number of inflammatory cells and substantially inhibited the production of crucial Th2 and Th17 cytokines in airways. This was accompanied by decreased secretion of various inflammatory chemokines such as eotaxin/CCL11, KC/CXCL3, MCP-1/CCL2, and MIP-1β/CCL4. Additionally, α7 integrin overexpression significantly decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the lungs of TgSM-Itgα7 mice and affected proliferative, contractile, and inflammatory downstream effectors of ERK1/2 that drive smooth muscle phenotype in the lung. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that enhanced expression of α7 integrin in vivo inhibits allergic inflammation and airway resistance. Moreover, we identify ERK1/2 as a potential target by which α7 integrin signals to regulate airway inflammation. We conclude that identification of therapeutics targeting an increase in smooth muscle α7 integrin expression could serve as a potential novel treatment for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam A. Ba
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Nevada School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Annemarie Aiyuk
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Nevada School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Karla Hernández
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Nevada School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Jon M. Evasovic
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Nevada School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Ryan D. Wuebbles
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Nevada School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Dean J. Burkin
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Nevada School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Cherie A. Singer
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Nevada School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
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10
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Ambhore NS, Kumar A, Sathish V. Molecular determinants of airway smooth muscle cells in health and disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1084. [PMID: 36388811 PMCID: PMC9652533 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-4478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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11
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Imoto S, Suzukawa M, Takada K, Watanabe S, Igarashi S, Kitani M, Nagase T, Ohta K. Immunoglobulin A promotes IL-6 and IL-8 production, proliferation, and migration by the human bronchial smooth muscle cells. Cell Immunol 2022; 381:104612. [PMID: 36130412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is important in biological defense, mainly in the mucosal area, and plays pathogenic roles in various diseases by activating both inflammatory and structural cells. The current study aimed to validate the effects of IgA on the human bronchial smooth muscle cell (BSMC), which plays a major role in airway inflammation and remodeling. Serum IgA induced interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production at both mRNA and protein levels, and enhanced cell proliferation and migration by the BSMCs. The synthetic phenotype markers were regulated and the contractile phenotype markers were downregulated by serum IgA. Mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt, and nuclear factor-κB pathways were involved in IgA-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production. The BSMCs expressed transferrin receptor (TfR), and TfR siRNA transfection inhibited IL-6 and IL-8 production by serum IgA. In summary, serum IgA is a potent activator of the BSMCs at least partially via TfR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahoko Imoto
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Maho Suzukawa
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan.
| | - Kazufumi Takada
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shizuka Watanabe
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sayaka Igarashi
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan
| | - Masashi Kitani
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, JATA Fukujuji Hospital, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8522, Japan.
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12
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The airway smooth muscle sodium/calcium exchanger NCLX is critical for airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in asthma. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102259. [PMID: 35841929 PMCID: PMC9372629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural changes of airway smooth muscle (ASM) that characterize airway remodeling (AR) are crucial to the pathogenesis of asthma. During AR, ASM cells dedifferentiate from a quiescent to a proliferative, migratory, and secretory phenotype. Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger that regulates many cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, contraction, and metabolism. Furthermore, mitochondria have emerged as major Ca2+ signaling organelles that buffer Ca2+ through uptake by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter and extrude it through the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX/Slc8b1). Here, we show using mitochondrial Ca2+-sensitive dyes that NCLX only partially contributes to mitochondrial Ca2+ extrusion in ASM cells. Yet, NCLX is necessary for ASM cell proliferation and migration. Through cellular imaging, RNA-Seq, and biochemical assays, we demonstrate that NCLX regulates these processes by preventing mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and supporting store-operated Ca2+ entry, activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II, and transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming. Using small animal respiratory mechanic measurements and immunohistochemistry, we show that smooth muscle-specific NCLX KO mice are protected against AR, fibrosis, and hyperresponsiveness in an experimental model of asthma. Our findings support NCLX as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of asthma.
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13
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Boucher M, Dufour-Mailhot A, Tremblay-Pitre S, Khadangi F, Rojas-Ruiz A, Henry C, Bossé Y. In mice of both sexes, repeated contractions of smooth muscle in vivo greatly enhance the response of peripheral airways to methacholine. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2022; 304:103938. [PMID: 35716869 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.103938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BALB/c mice from both sexes underwent one of two nebulized methacholine challenges that were preceded by a period of 20 min either with or without tone induced by repeated contractions of the airway smooth muscle. Impedance was monitored throughout and the constant phase model was used to dissociate the impact of tone on conducting airways (RN - Newtonian resistance) versus the lung periphery (G and H - tissue resistance and elastance). The effect of tone on smooth muscle contractility was also tested on excised tracheas. While tone markedly potentiated the methacholine-induced gains in H and G in both sexes, the gain in RN was only potentiated in males. The contractility of female and male tracheas was also potentiated by tone. Inversely, the methacholine-induced gain in hysteresivity (G/H) was mitigated by tone in both sexes. Therefore, the tone-induced muscle hypercontractility impacts predominantly the lung periphery in vivo, but also promotes further airway narrowing in males while protecting against narrowing heterogeneity in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Boucher
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexis Dufour-Mailhot
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophie Tremblay-Pitre
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Khadangi
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrés Rojas-Ruiz
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Cyndi Henry
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Ynuk Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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14
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Thakore P, Earley S. STIM1 is the key that unlocks airway smooth muscle remodeling and hyperresponsiveness during asthma. Cell Calcium 2022; 104:102589. [PMID: 35430405 PMCID: PMC10577677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle remodeling and hyperresponsiveness are critical determinants of asthma severity, but the precise mechanisms regulating these disease processes remain elusive. In their latest study published in PNAS, Trebak and colleagues demonstrate that STIM1 (stromal-interacting molecule 1) expression is upregulated in airway smooth muscle cells during asthma and facilitates Ca2+ influx to drive airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratish Thakore
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 8957-0318, United States of America
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 8957-0318, United States of America.
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15
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Wen K, Ni K, Guo J, Bu B, Liu L, Pan Y, Li J, Luo M, Deng L. MircroRNA Let-7a-5p in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells is Most Responsive to High Stretch in Association With Cell Mechanics Modulation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:830406. [PMID: 35399286 PMCID: PMC8990250 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.830406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: High stretch (strain >10%) can alter the biomechanical behaviors of airway smooth muscle cells which may play important roles in diverse lung diseases such as asthma and ventilator-induced lung injury. However, the underlying modulation mechanisms for high stretch-induced mechanobiological responses in ASMCs are not fully understood. Here, we hypothesize that ASMCs respond to high stretch with increased expression of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) that may in turn modulate the biomechanical behaviors of the cells. Thus, this study aimed to identify the miRNA in cultured ASMCs that is most responsive to high stretch, and subsequently investigate in these cells whether the miRNA expression level is associated with the modulation of cell biomechanics. Methods: MiRNAs related to inflammatory airway diseases were obtained via bioinformatics data mining, and then tested with cultured ASMCs for their expression variations in response to a cyclic high stretch (13% strain) simulating in vivo ventilator-imposed strain on airways. Subsequently, we transfected cultured ASMCs with mimics and inhibitors of the miRNA that is most responsive to the high stretch, followed by evaluation of the cells in terms of morphology, stiffness, traction force, and mRNA expression of cytoskeleton/focal adhesion-related molecules. Results: 29 miRNAs were identified to be related to inflammatory airway diseases, among which let-7a-5p was the most responsive to high stretch. Transfection of cultured human ASMCs with let-7a-5p mimics or inhibitors led to an increase or decrease in aspect ratio, stiffness, traction force, migration, stress fiber distribution, mRNA expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), myosin light chain kinase, some subfamily members of integrin and talin. Direct binding between let-7a-5p and ItgαV was also verified in classical model cell line by using dual-luciferase assays. Conclusion: We demonstrated that high stretch indeed enhanced the expression of let-7a-5p in ASMCs, which in turn led to changes in the cells’ morphology and biomechanical behaviors together with modulation of molecules associated with cytoskeletal structure and focal adhesion. These findings suggest that let-7a-5p regulation is an alternative mechanism for high stretch-induced effect on mechanobiology of ASMCs, which may contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of high stretch-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingzhi Luo
- *Correspondence: Mingzhi Luo, ; Linhong Deng,
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16
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Namiguchi K, Sakaue T, Okazaki M, Kanno K, Komoda Y, Shikata F, Kurata M, Ota N, Kubota Y, Kurobe H, Nishimura T, Masumoto J, Higashiyama S, Izutani H. Unique Angiogenesis From Cardiac Arterioles During Pericardial Adhesion Formation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:761591. [PMID: 35187100 PMCID: PMC8852280 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.761591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The molecular mechanisms underlying post-operative pericardial adhesions remain poorly understood. We aimed to unveil the temporal molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tissue dynamics during adhesion formation, including inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis. Methods and Results We visualized cell-based tissue dynamics during pericardial adhesion using histological evaluations. To determine the molecular mechanism, RNA-seq was performed. Chemical inhibitors were administered to confirm the molecular mechanism underlying adhesion formation. A high degree of adhesion formation was observed during the stages in which collagen production was promoted. Histological analyses showed that arterioles excessively sprouted from pericardial tissues after the accumulation of neutrophils on the heart surface in mice as well as humans. The combination of RNA-seq and histological analyses revealed that hyperproliferative endothelial and smooth muscle cells with dedifferentiation appeared in cytokine-exposed sprouting vessels and adhesion tissue but not in quiescent vessels in the heart. SMAD2/3 and ERK activation was observed in sprouting vessels. The simultaneous abrogation of PI3K/ERK or TGF-β/MMP9 signaling significantly decreased angiogenic sprouting, followed by inhibition of adhesion formation. Depleting MMP9-positive neutrophils shortened mice survival and decreased angiogenic sprouting and fibrosis in the adhesion. Our data suggest that TGF-β/matrix metalloproteinase-dependent tissue remodeling and PI3K/ERK signaling activation might contribute to unique angiogenesis with dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells from the contractile to the synthetic phenotype for fibrosis in the pericardial cavity. Conclusions Our findings provide new insights in developing prevention strategies for pericardial adhesions by targeting the recruitment of vascular cells from heart tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Namiguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sakaue
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tomohisa Sakaue
| | - Mikio Okazaki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kaho Kanno
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Yuhei Komoda
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shikata
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Mie Kurata
- Department of Pathology, Division of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Japan
| | - Noritaka Ota
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kubota
- Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Kurobe
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishimura
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Junya Masumoto
- Department of Pathology, Division of Analytical Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Japan
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Department of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Toon, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Research Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hironori Izutani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
- Hironori Izutani
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STIM1 is a core trigger of airway smooth muscle remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in asthma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2114557118. [PMID: 34949717 PMCID: PMC8740694 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114557118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) proteins are essential for the function of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Using transcriptomics, metabolomics, imaging, and inducible smooth muscle–specific STIM1 knockout mice expressing genetically encoded Ca2+ sensors, we reveal a crucial function of STIM1 in airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. STIM1-mediated Ca2+ oscillations in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells are critical for ASM remodeling through metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming and cytokine secretion, including IL-6. These effects are driven by Ca2+-dependent activation of the transcription factor isoform NFAT4 specifically in ASM. Our data provide evidence that ASM STIM1 and SOCE are central triggers of asthma manifestations and advocate for the future use of STIM1 as a molecular target in asthma therapy. Airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness are central drivers of asthma severity. Airway remodeling is a structural change involving the dedifferentiation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells from a quiescent to a proliferative and secretory phenotype. Here, we show up-regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) in ASM of asthmatic mice. STIM1 is required for metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming that supports airway remodeling, including ASM proliferation, migration, secretion of cytokines and extracellular matrix, enhanced mitochondrial mass, and increased oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic flux. Mechanistically, STIM1-mediated Ca2+ influx is critical for the activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 4 and subsequent interleukin-6 secretion and transcription of pro-remodeling transcription factors, growth factors, surface receptors, and asthma-associated proteins. STIM1 drives airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mice through enhanced frequency and amplitude of ASM cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations. Our data advocates for ASM STIM1 as a target for asthma therapy.
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Yang W, Chen Y, Huang C, Wang W, Huang C, Li Y. MiR-18a Inhibits PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway to Regulate PDGF BB-Induced Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Phenotypic Transformation. Physiol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.33549//physiolres.934753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is a key process in the formation of airway remodeling in asthma. In this study, we focused on the expression of mircoRNA-18a (miR-18a) in airway remodeling in bronchial asthma and its related mechanisms. ASMCs are induced by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) for in vitro airway remodeling. The expression of miR-18a in sputum of asthmatic patients and healthy volunteers was detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of miR-18a was over-expressed or interfered with in PDGF-BB-treated ASMCs. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration were detected by MTT, flow cytometry and Transwell, respectively; the expression of contractile phenotype marker proteins (SM-22α, α-SM-actin, calponin) and key molecules of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway (PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT and p-AKT) in ASMCs were detected by Western blot. The expression of miR-18a was down-regulated in the sputum and PDGF-BB-treated ASMCs of asthma patients. PDGF-BB could promote the proliferation and migration of ASMCs and inhibit their apoptosis; it could also promote the phenotypic transformation of ASMCs and activate the PI3K/AKT pathway. MiR-18a could inhibit the proliferation, migration ability and phenotypic transformation of ASMCs induced by PDGF-BB to a certain extent and alleviate the effect of PDGF-BB in supressing apoptosis, while miR-18a could inhibit the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. MiR-18a inhibits PDGF-BB-induced proliferation, migration and phenotypic conversion of ASMCs by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway, thus attenuating airway remodeling in asthma.
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19
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Dekkers BG, Saad SI, van Spelde LJ, Burgess JK. Basement membranes in obstructive pulmonary diseases. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 12:100092. [PMID: 34877523 PMCID: PMC8632995 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Basement membrane composition is changed in the airways of patients with obstructive airway diseases. Basement membrane changes are linked to disease characteristics in patients. Mechanisms behind the altered BM composition remain to be elucidated. Laminin and collagen IV affect key pathological processes in obstructive airway diseases.
Increased and changed deposition of extracellular matrix proteins is a key feature of airway wall remodeling in obstructive pulmonary diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Studies have highlighted that the deposition of various basement membrane proteins in the lung tissue is altered and that these changes reflect tissue compartment specificity. Inflammatory responses in both diseases may result in the deregulation of production and degradation of these proteins. In addition to their role in tissue development and integrity, emerging evidence indicates that basement membrane proteins also actively modulate cellular processes in obstructive airway diseases, contributing to disease development, progression and maintenance. In this review, we summarize the changes in basement membrane composition in airway remodeling in obstructive airway diseases and explore their potential application as innovative targets for treatment development.
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Key Words
- ADAM9, a metalloproteinase domain 9
- ASM, airway smooth muscle
- Airway inflammation
- Airway remodeling
- Asthma
- BM, basement membrane
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Col IV, collagen IV
- Collagen IV
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- LN, laminin
- Laminin
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- TIMP, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase
- Th2, T helper 2
- VSM, vascular smooth muscle
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart G.J. Dekkers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
- Corresponding author at: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Shehab I. Saad
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Experimental Pulmonology and Inflammation Research, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Leah J. van Spelde
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Experimental Pulmonology and Inflammation Research, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janette K. Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Experimental Pulmonology and Inflammation Research, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Yang W, Chen Y, Huang C, Wang W, Huang C, Li Y. MiR-18a Inhibits PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway to Regulate PDGF BB-Induced Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Phenotypic Transformation. Physiol Res 2021; 70:883-892. [PMID: 34717064 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is a key process in the formation of airway remodeling in asthma. In this study, we focused on the expression of mircoRNA-18a (miR-18a) in airway remodeling in bronchial asthma and its related mechanisms. ASMCs are induced by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) for in vitro airway remodeling. The expression of miR-18a in sputum of asthmatic patients and healthy volunteers was detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of miR-18a was over-expressed or interfered with in PDGF-BB-treated ASMCs. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration were detected by MTT, flow cytometry and Transwell, respectively; the expression of contractile phenotype marker proteins (SM-22alpha, alpha-SM-actin, calponin) and key molecules of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway (PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT and p-AKT) in ASMCs were detected by Western blot. The expression of miR-18a was down-regulated in the sputum and PDGF-BB-treated ASMCs of asthma patients. PDGF-BB could promote the proliferation and migration of ASMCs and inhibit their apoptosis; it could also promote the phenotypic transformation of ASMCs and activate the PI3K/AKT pathway. MiR-18a could inhibit the proliferation, migration ability and phenotypic transformation of ASMCs induced by PDGF-BB to a certain extent and alleviate the effect of PDGF-BB in supressing apoptosis, while miR-18a could inhibit the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. MiR-18a inhibits PDGF-BB-induced proliferation, migration and phenotypic conversion of ASMCs by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway, thus attenuating airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. and
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21
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Wang X, Xu R, Chi D, Dai C, Sheng M. Role of NEAT1/MiR-9-5p/SLC26A2 Pathway on Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cell. Yonsei Med J 2021; 62:858-867. [PMID: 34427073 PMCID: PMC8382724 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2021.62.9.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Asthma is a serious inflammatory disease of the respiratory system in which airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) play a key role. This study aimed to investigate the expression of SLC26A2 in human ASMCs (HASMCs) and the regulatory mechanism of SLC26A2 in the proliferation and inflammatory factor production of HASMCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained the asthma-associated differential mRNA SLC26A2 by bioinformatics analysis in childhood acute asthma samples. To investigate its role in airway inflammation and airway remodeling, we treated HASMCs with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in an in vitro model and determined SLC26A2 expression in cells using western blotting. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT and EdU assays, and cell contractile phenotype marker proteins were measured. Cell migration and production of inflammatory factors were determined by Transwell and ELISA assays. Additionally, the upstream regulatory miRNA and LncRNA of SLC26A2 were identified by bioinformatics, luciferase reporter gene, and RIP analyses. RESULTS SLC26A2 was significantly upregulated in bioinformatics analysis of pediatric asthma-related sample. PDGF treatment up-regulated SLC26A2 expression in HASMCs, whereas the knockdown of SLC26A2 inhibited PDGF-stimulated proliferation, migration, and production of inflammatory factors, and enhanced the expression of cell contractile phenotype marker proteins in HASMCs. Luciferase reporter and RIP experiments validated that NEAT1 targeted miR-9-5p to regulate SLC26A2, thereby influencing the biological function of PDGF-induced HASMCs. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that NEAT1-mediated miR-9-5p targeting of SLC26A2 inhibits the PDGF-induced proliferation and production of inflammatory factors in HASMCs. These findings highlight potential therapeutic targets for asthma and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in Children, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruju Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in Children, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Chi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in Children, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chufeng Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in Children, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Sheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in Children, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
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22
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Wang H, Zhong B, Geng Y, Hao J, Jin Q, Zhang Y, Dong L, Gao D, Li J, Hou W. TIPE2 inhibits PDGF-BB-induced phenotype switching in airway smooth muscle cells through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Respir Res 2021; 22:238. [PMID: 34446024 PMCID: PMC8393827 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood asthma is a common respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) has been found to be involved in the progression of asthma. This study aimed to explore the role of TIPE2 in the regulation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), which are one of the main effector cells in the development of asthma. Materials and methods ASMCs were transfected with pcDNA3.0-TIPE2 or si-TIPE2 for 48 h and then treated with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB. Cell proliferation of ASMCs was measured using the MTT assay. Cell migration of ASMCs was determined by a transwell assay. The mRNA expression levels of calponin and smooth muscle protein 22α (SM22α) were measured using qRT-PCR. The levels of TIPE2, calponin, SM22α, PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, and p-Akt were detected by Western blotting. Results Our results showed that PDGF-BB treatment significantly reduced TIPE2 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in ASMCs. Overexpression of TIPE2 inhibited PDGF-BB-induced ASMC proliferation and migration. In addition, overexpression of TIPE2 increased the expression of calponin and SM22α in PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs. However, an opposite effect was observed with TIPE2 knockdown. Furthermore, TIPE2 overexpression blocked PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, whereas the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt were aggravated by TIPE2 knockdown. Additionally, the effects of TIPE2 overexpression and TIPE2 knockdown were altered by IGF-1 and LY294002 treatments, respectively. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that TIPE2 inhibits PDGF-BB-induced ASMC proliferation, migration, and phenotype switching via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Thus, TIPE2 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juanjuan Hao
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaoyan Jin
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijuan Dong
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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Asthmatic Eosinophils Promote Contractility and Migration of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Pulmonary Fibroblasts In Vitro. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061389. [PMID: 34199925 PMCID: PMC8229663 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced contractility and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) and pulmonary fibroblasts (PF) are part of airway remodeling in asthma. Eosinophils are the central inflammatory cells that participate in airway inflammation. However, the role of asthmatic eosinophils in ASMC and PF contractility, migration, and differentiation to contractile phenotype has not yet been precisely described. A total of 38 individuals were included in this study: 13 steroid-free non-severe allergic asthma (AA) patients, 11 severe non-allergic eosinophilic asthma (SNEA) patients, and 14 healthy subjects (HS). For AA patients and HS groups, a bronchial allergen challenge with D. pteronyssinus was performed. Individual combined cell cultures were prepared from isolated peripheral blood eosinophils and immortalized ASMC or commercial PF cell lines separately. The migration of ASMC and PF was evaluated using wound healing assay and contractility using collagen gel assay. Gene expression of contractile apparatus proteins, COL1A1, COL5A1, and FN, in ASMC and PF was evaluated using qRT-PCR. We found that contractility and migration of ASMC and PF significantly increased after incubation with asthmatic eosinophils compared to HS eosinophils, p < 0.05, and SNEA eosinophils demonstrated the highest effect on contractility of ASMC and migration of both cell lines, p < 0.05. AA and SNEA eosinophils significantly increased gene expression of contractile apparatus proteins, COL1A1 and FN, in both cell lines, p < 0.05. Furthermore, the allergen-activated AA eosinophils significantly increased the contractility of ASMC, and migration and gene expression in ASMC and PF, p < 0.05. Thus, asthmatic eosinophils change ASMC and PF behavior by increasing their contractility and migration, contributing to airway remodeling.
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Camoretti-Mercado B, Lockey RF. Airway smooth muscle pathophysiology in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:1983-1995. [PMID: 34092351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell plays a central role in the pathogenesis of asthma and constitutes an important target for treatment. These cells control muscle tone and thus regulate the opening of the airway lumen and air passage. Evidence indicates that ASM cells participate in the airway hyperresponsiveness as well as the inflammatory and remodeling processes observed in asthmatic subjects. Therapeutic approaches require a comprehensive understanding of the structure and function of the ASM in both the normal and disease states. This review updates current knowledge about ASM and its effects on airway narrowing, remodeling, and inflammation in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Camoretti-Mercado
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Fla.
| | - Richard F Lockey
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Fla
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Wu Y, Huang Y, Zhang W, Gunst SJ. The proprotein convertase furin inhibits IL-13-induced inflammation in airway smooth muscle by regulating integrin-associated signaling complexes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L102-L115. [PMID: 34009050 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00618.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Furin is a proprotein convertase that regulates the activation and the inactivation of multiple proteins including matrix metalloproteinases, integrins, and cytokines. It is a serine endoprotease that localizes to the plasma membrane and can be secreted into the extracellular space. The role of furin in regulating inflammation in isolated canine airway smooth muscle tissues was investigated. The treatment of airway tissues with recombinant furin (rFurin) inhibited the activation of Akt and eotaxin secretion induced by IL-13, and it prevented the IL-13-induced suppression of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain expression. rFurin promoted a differentiated phenotype by activating β1-integrin proteins and stimulating the activation of the adhesome proteins vinculin and paxillin by talin. Activated paxillin induced the binding of Akt to β-parvin IPP [integrin-linked kinase (ILK), PINCH, parvin] complexes, which inhibits Akt activation. Treatment of tissues with a furin inhibitor or the depletion of endogenous furin using shRNA resulted in Akt activation and inflammatory responses similar to those induced by IL-13. Furin inactivation or IL-13 caused talin cleavage and integrin inactivation, resulting in the inactivation of vinculin and paxillin. Paxillin inactivation resulted in the coupling of Akt to α-parvin IPP complexes, which catalyze Akt activation and an inflammatory response. The results demonstrate that furin inhibits inflammation in airway smooth muscle induced by IL-13 and that the anti-inflammatory effects of furin are mediated by activating integrin proteins and integrin-associated signaling complexes that regulate Akt-mediated pathways to the nucleus. Furin may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammatory conditions of the lungs and airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidi Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Youliang Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Wenwu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Susan J Gunst
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Role of Airway Smooth Muscle in Inflammation Related to Asthma and COPD. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:139-172. [PMID: 33788192 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle contributes to both contractility and inflammation in the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD. Airway smooth muscle cells can change the degree of a variety of functions, including contraction, proliferation, migration, and the secretion of inflammatory mediators (phenotype plasticity). Airflow limitation, airway hyperresponsiveness, β2-adrenergic desensitization, and airway remodeling, which are fundamental characteristic features of these diseases, are caused by phenotype changes in airway smooth muscle cells. Alterations between contractile and hyper-contractile, synthetic/proliferative phenotypes result from Ca2+ dynamics and Ca2+ sensitization. Modulation of Ca2+ dynamics through the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel/L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel linkage and of Ca2+ sensitization through the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway contributes not only to alterations in the contractile phenotype involved in airflow limitation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and β2-adrenergic desensitization but also to alteration of the synthetic/proliferative phenotype involved in airway remodeling. These Ca2+ signal pathways are also associated with synergistic effects due to allosteric modulation between β2-adrenergic agonists and muscarinic antagonists. Therefore, airway smooth muscle may be a target tissue in the therapy for these diseases. Moreover, the phenotype changing in airway smooth muscle cells with focuses on Ca2+ signaling may provide novel strategies for research and development of effective remedies against both bronchoconstriction and inflammation.
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Li J, He Q, Wang L, Chen D, Qiu C, Xu P, Lu Y, Zeng Y, Chen R. SET knockdown attenuated phenotype modulation and calcium channel associated markers of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic mice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:657. [PMID: 33987355 PMCID: PMC8106076 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Dysfunctional phenotype modulation and calcium channels in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) are important characteristics of airway remodeling in chronic asthma. However, the mechanisms underlying these pathological processes remain unclear. SET (I2PP2A, inhibitor-2 of protein phosphatase 2A) has many significant functions and is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. This study aimed to determine the function of SET in chronic asthma. Methods BALB/c mice were sensitized by ovalbumin injection and repeated inhalation of ovalbumin. The Penh value was measured using the Buxco whole body plethysmography system. A short hairpin RNA of the SET gene was designed and transfected into ASMCs derived from asthmatic mice. Flow cytometry of Annexin-V/propidium iodide staining was used for evaluating cell apoptosis. Western blot was adopted to measure the expression levels of ASMCs phenotype modulation markers and calcium channel-associated proteins. Results The results showed that shRNA targeting SET significantly decreased the expression of SET, and enhanced the apoptosis of ASMCs. SET knockdown promoted the expression of contractile phenotype markers such as α-SMA (alpha smooth muscle Actin), SM-MHC (smooth muscle Myosin heavy chain), and calponin, and inhibited the expression of synthetic phenotype markers including vimentin and CD44. The expression of the calcium channel-related proteins STIM1 (Stromal interaction molecule 1) and Orai1 were also inhibited after SET knockdown. Conclusions These data demonstrated that SET participated in the development of airway dysfunction in asthma, suggesting that the silencing of SET may be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi He
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongzhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuwei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
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Liu G, Philp AM, Corte T, Travis MA, Schilter H, Hansbro NG, Burns CJ, Eapen MS, Sohal SS, Burgess JK, Hansbro PM. Therapeutic targets in lung tissue remodelling and fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 225:107839. [PMID: 33774068 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Structural changes involving tissue remodelling and fibrosis are major features of many pulmonary diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins is a key factor in the development of tissue remodelling that results in symptoms and impaired lung function in these diseases. Tissue remodelling in the lungs is complex and differs between compartments. Some pathways are common but tissue remodelling around the airways and in the parenchyma have different morphologies. Hence it is critical to evaluate both common fibrotic pathways and those that are specific to different compartments; thereby expanding the understanding of the pathogenesis of fibrosis and remodelling in the airways and parenchyma in asthma, COPD and IPF with a view to developing therapeutic strategies for each. Here we review the current understanding of remodelling features and underlying mechanisms in these major respiratory diseases. The differences and similarities of remodelling are used to highlight potential common therapeutic targets and strategies. One central pathway in remodelling processes involves transforming growth factor (TGF)-β induced fibroblast activation and myofibroblast differentiation that increases ECM production. The current treatments and clinical trials targeting remodelling are described, as well as potential future directions. These endeavours are indicative of the renewed effort and optimism for drug discovery targeting tissue remodelling and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashleigh M Philp
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Medical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tamera Corte
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark A Travis
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre and Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Heidi Schilter
- Pharmaxis Ltd, 20 Rodborough Road, Frenchs Forest, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris J Burns
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mathew S Eapen
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder S Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Maxey AP, McCain ML. Tools, techniques, and future opportunities for characterizing the mechanobiology of uterine myometrium. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1025-1035. [PMID: 33554648 DOI: 10.1177/1535370221989259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The myometrium is the smooth muscle layer of the uterus that generates the contractions that drive processes such as menstruation and childbirth. Aberrant contractions of the myometrium can result in preterm birth, insufficient progression of labor, or other difficulties that can lead to maternal or fetal complications or even death. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of these conditions, the most common model systems have conventionally been animal models and human tissue strips, which have limitations mostly related to relevance and scalability, respectively. Myometrial smooth muscle cells have also been isolated from patient biopsies and cultured in vitro as a more controlled experimental system. However, in vitro approaches have focused primarily on measuring the effects of biochemical stimuli and neglected biomechanical stimuli, despite the extensive evidence indicating that remodeling of tissue rigidity or excessive strain is associated with uterine disorders. In this review, we first describe the existing approaches for modeling human myometrium with animal models and human tissue strips and compare their advantages and disadvantages. Next, we introduce existing in vitro techniques and assays for assessing contractility and summarize their applications in elucidating the role of biochemical or biomechanical stimuli on human myometrium. Finally, we conclude by proposing the translation of "organ on chip" approaches to myometrial smooth muscle cells as new paradigms for establishing their fundamental mechanobiology and to serve as next-generation platforms for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina P Maxey
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Megan L McCain
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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30
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Receptors for pro-resolving mediators as a therapeutic tool for smooth muscle remodeling-associated disorders. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105340. [PMID: 33276103 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory airway, blood vessel and intestinal wall remodeling, in which smooth muscle remodeling plays a major role, is a key pathological event underlying the development of several associated diseases, including asthma, cardiovascular disorders (e.g., atherosclerosis, hypertension, and aneurism formation), and inflammatory bowel disease. However, the mechanisms underlying these remodeling processes remain poorly understood. We hypothesize that the creation of chronic inflammation-mediated networks that support and exacerbate the airway, as well as vascular and intestinal wall remodeling, is a crucial pathogenic mechanism governing the development of the associated diseases. The failed inflammation resolution might be one of the causal pathogenic mechanisms. Hence, it is reasonable to assume that applying specialized, pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), acting via cognate G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), could potentially be an effective pathway for treating these disorders. However, several obstacles, such as poor understanding of the SPM/receptor signaling pathways, SMP rapid inactivation as well as their complex and costly synthesis, limit their translational potential. In this connection, stable, small-molecule SPM mimetics and receptor agonists have emerged as new, potentially suitable drugs. It has been recently shown in preclinical studies that they can effectively attenuate the manifestations of asthma, atherosclerosis and Crohn's disease. Remarkably, some biased SPM receptor agonists, which cause a signaling response in the desired inflammation pro-resolving direction, revealed similar beneficial effects. These encouraging observations suggest that SPM mimetics and receptor agonists can be applied as a novel approach for the treatment of various chronic inflammation conditions, including airway, vascular and intestinal wall remodeling-associated disorders.
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Abstract
This article will discuss in detail the pathophysiology of asthma from the point of view of lung mechanics. In particular, we will explain how asthma is more than just airflow limitation resulting from airway narrowing but in fact involves multiple consequences of airway narrowing, including ventilation heterogeneity, airway closure, and airway hyperresponsiveness. In addition, the relationship between the airway and surrounding lung parenchyma is thought to be critically important in asthma, especially as related to the response to deep inspiration. Furthermore, dynamic changes in lung mechanics over time may yield important information about asthma stability, as well as potentially provide a window into future disease control. All of these features of mechanical properties of the lung in asthma will be explained by providing evidence from multiple investigative methods, including not only traditional pulmonary function testing but also more sophisticated techniques such as forced oscillation, multiple breath nitrogen washout, and different imaging modalities. Throughout the article, we will link the lung mechanical features of asthma to clinical manifestations of asthma symptoms, severity, and control. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:975-1007, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Kaminsky
- University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - David G Chapman
- University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Anthracopoulos MB, Everard ML. Asthma: A Loss of Post-natal Homeostatic Control of Airways Smooth Muscle With Regression Toward a Pre-natal State. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:95. [PMID: 32373557 PMCID: PMC7176812 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The defining feature of asthma is loss of normal post-natal homeostatic control of airways smooth muscle (ASM). This is the key feature that distinguishes asthma from all other forms of respiratory disease. Failure to focus on impaired ASM homeostasis largely explains our failure to find a cure and contributes to the widespread excessive morbidity associated with the condition despite the presence of effective therapies. The mechanisms responsible for destabilizing the normal tight control of ASM and hence airways caliber in post-natal life are unknown but it is clear that atopic inflammation is neither necessary nor sufficient. Loss of homeostasis results in excessive ASM contraction which, in those with poor control, is manifest by variations in airflow resistance over short periods of time. During viral exacerbations, the ability to respond to bronchodilators is partially or almost completely lost, resulting in ASM being "locked down" in a contracted state. Corticosteroids appear to restore normal or near normal homeostasis in those with poor control and restore bronchodilator responsiveness during exacerbations. The mechanism of action of corticosteroids is unknown and the assumption that their action is solely due to "anti-inflammatory" effects needs to be challenged. ASM, in evolutionary terms, dates to the earliest land dwelling creatures that required muscle to empty primitive lungs. ASM appears very early in embryonic development and active peristalsis is essential for the formation of the lungs. However, in post-natal life its only role appears to be to maintain airways in a configuration that minimizes resistance to airflow and dead space. In health, significant constriction is actively prevented, presumably through classic negative feedback loops. Disruption of this robust homeostatic control can develop at any age and results in asthma. In order to develop a cure, we need to move from our current focus on immunology and inflammatory pathways to work that will lead to an understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to ASM stability in health and how this is disrupted to cause asthma. This requires a radical change in the focus of most of "asthma research."
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark L. Everard
- Division of Paediatrics & Child Health, Perth Children's Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Huang Y, Gunst SJ. Phenotype transitions induced by mechanical stimuli in airway smooth muscle are regulated by differential interactions of parvin isoforms with paxillin and Akt. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L1036-L1055. [PMID: 32130030 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00506.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical tension and humoral stimuli can induce transitions in airway smooth muscle phenotype between a synthetic inflammatory state that promotes cytokine secretion and a differentiated state that promotes the expression of smooth muscle phenotype-specific proteins. When tissues are maintained under high tension, Akt activation and eotaxin secretion are suppressed, but expression of the differentiation marker protein, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SmMHC), is promoted. When tissues are maintained under low tension, Akt activation and eotaxin secretion are stimulated, and the differentiated phenotype is suppressed. We hypothesized that mechanical stimuli are differentially transduced to Akt-mediated signaling pathways that regulate phenotype expression by α-parvin and β-parvin integrin-linked kinase/PINCH/parvin (IPP) signaling complexes within integrin adhesomes. High tension or ACh triggered paxillin phosphorylation and the binding of phospho-paxillin to β-parvin IPP complexes. This inhibited Akt activation and promoted SmMHC expression. Low tension or IL-4 did not elicit paxillin phosphorylation and triggered the binding of unphosphorylated paxillin to α-parvin IPP complexes, which promoted Akt activation and eotaxin secretion and suppressed SmMHC expression. Expression of a nonphosphorylatable paxillin mutant or β-parvin depletion by siRNA promoted the inflammatory phenotype, whereas the depletion of α-parvin promoted the differentiated phenotype. Results demonstrate that phenotype expression is regulated by the differential interaction of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated paxillin with α-parvin and β-parvin IPP complexes and that these complexes have opposite effects on the activation of Akt. Our results describe a novel molecular mechanism for transduction of mechanical and humoral stimuli within integrin signaling complexes to regulate phenotype expression in airway smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youliang Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Susan J Gunst
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Delmotte P, Sieck GC. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Function in Airway Smooth Muscle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:374. [PMID: 32010691 PMCID: PMC6974519 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma affect more than 300 million people world-wide. Inflammation triggers pathophysiology via such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukins (e.g., IL-13). Hypercontraction of airway smooth muscle (ASM) and ASM cell proliferation are major contributors to the exaggerated airway narrowing that occurs during agonist stimulation. An emergent theme in this context is the role of inflammation-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and altered mitochondrial function including an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This may establish a vicious cycle as excess ROS generation leads to further ER stress. Yet, it is unclear whether inflammation-induced ROS is the major mechanism leading to ER stress or the consequence of ER stress. In various diseases, inflammation leads to an increase in mitochondrial fission (fragmentation), associated with reduced levels of mitochondrial fusion proteins, such as mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). Mitochondrial fragmentation may be a homeostatic response since it is generally coupled with mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial volume density thereby reducing demand on individual mitochondrion. ER stress is triggered by the accumulation of unfolded proteins, which induces a homeostatic response to alter protein balance via effects on protein synthesis and degradation. In addition, the ER stress response promotes protein folding via increased expression of molecular chaperone proteins. Reduced Mfn2 and altered mitochondrial dynamics may not only be downstream to ER stress but also upstream such that a reduction in Mfn2 triggers further ER stress. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the link between inflammation-induced ER stress and mitochondrial function and the role played in the pathophysiology of inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Delmotte
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Gary C Sieck
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Yap J, Chen X, Delmotte P, Sieck GC. TNFα selectively activates the IRE1α/XBP1 endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in human airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L483-L493. [PMID: 31940218 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00212.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway inflammation is a key aspect of diseases such as asthma. Proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα mediate the inflammatory response. In various diseases, inflammation leads to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the accumulation of unfolded proteins, which triggers homeostatic responses to restore normal cellular function. We hypothesized that TNFα triggers ER stress through an increase in reactive oxygen species generation in human airway smooth muscle (hASM) with a downstream effect on mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). In hASM cells isolated from lung specimens incidental to patient surgery, dose- and time-dependent effects of TNFα exposure were assessed. Exposure of hASM to tunicamycin was used as a positive control. Tempol (500 μM) was used as superoxide scavenger. Activation of three ER stress pathways were evaluated by Western blotting: 1) autophosphorylation of inositol-requiring enzyme1 (IRE1α) leading to splicing of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1); 2) autophosphorylation of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) leading to phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α; and 3) translocation and cleavage of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). We found that exposure of hASM cells to tunicamycin activated all three ER stress pathways. In contrast, TNFα selectively activated the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Our results indicate that TNFα does not activate the PERK and ATF6 pathways. Exposure of hASM cells to TNFα also decreased Mfn2 protein expression. Concurrent exposure to TNFα and tempol reversed the effect of TNFα on IRE1α phosphorylation and Mfn2 protein expression. Selective activation of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway in hASM cells after exposure to TNFα may reflect a unique homeostatic role of this pathway in the inflammatory response of hASM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Yap
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xujiao Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Philippe Delmotte
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gary C Sieck
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Melatonin modulates airway smooth muscle cell phenotype by targeting the STAT3/Akt/GSK-3β pathway in experimental asthma. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 380:129-142. [PMID: 31867684 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Among the troika of clinicopathologic features of asthma, airway remodelling has gained sufficient attention for its contribution to progressive airway narrowing. Much effort has been directed at the management of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), but few attempts have proven to prevent the progression of remodelling. Recently, accumulating data have shown the anti-inflammatory/anti-proliferative potency of melatonin (a crucial neurohormone involved in many physiological and pathological processes) in diverse cells. However, no evidence has confirmed its effect on ASMCs. The present study investigates the benefits of melatonin in asthma, with an emphasis on airway remodelling. The results indicated that melatonin significantly attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation and remodelling in a house dust mite (HDM) model. Melatonin markedly alleviated goblet cell hyperplasia/metaplasia, collagen deposition and airway smooth muscle hyperplasia/hypertrophy, implying the achievement of remodelling remission. The data obtained in vitro further revealed that melatonin notably inhibited ASMCs proliferation, VEGF synthesis and cell migration induced by PDGF, which might depend on STAT3 signalling. Moreover, melatonin remarkably relieved ASMCs contraction and reversed ASMCs phenotype switching induced by TGF-β, probably via the Akt/GSK-3β pathway. Altogether, our findings illustrated for the first time that melatonin improves asthmatic airway remodelling by balancing the phenotypic proportions of ASMCs, thus highlighting a novel purpose for melatonin as a potent option for the management of asthma.
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Dickman CTD, Russo V, Thain K, Pan S, Beyer ST, Walus K, Getsios S, Mohamed T, Wadsworth SJ. Functional characterization of 3D contractile smooth muscle tissues generated using a unique microfluidic 3D bioprinting technology. FASEB J 2019; 34:1652-1664. [PMID: 31914670 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901063rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conditions such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease are characterized by aberrant smooth muscle contraction. It has proven difficult to develop human cell-based models that mimic acute muscle contraction in 2D in vitro cultures due to the nonphysiological chemical and mechanical properties of lab plastics that do not allow for muscle cell contraction. To enhance the relevance of in vitro models for human disease, we describe how functional 3D smooth muscle tissue that exhibits physiological and pharmacologically relevant acute contraction and relaxation responses can be reproducibly fabricated using a unique microfluidic 3D bioprinting technology. Primary human airway and intestinal smooth muscle cells were printed into rings of muscle tissue at high density and viability. Printed tissues contracted to physiological concentrations of histamine (0.01-100 μM) and relaxed to salbutamol, a pharmacological compound used to relieve asthmatic exacerbations. The addition of TGFβ to airway muscle rings induced an increase in unstimulated muscle shortening and a decreased response to salbutamol, a phenomenon which also occurs in chronic lung diseases. Results indicate that the 3D bioprinted smooth muscle is a physiologically relevant in vitro model that can be utilized to study disease pathways and the effects of novel therapeutics on acute contraction and chronic tissue stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sheng Pan
- Aspect Biosystems Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Konrad Walus
- Aspect Biosystems Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Lombardi C, Menzella F, Passalacqua G. Long-term responsiveness to mepolizumab after failure of omalizumab and bronchial thermoplasty: Two triple-switch case reports. Respir Med Case Rep 2019; 29:100967. [PMID: 31799113 PMCID: PMC6881682 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2019.100967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe asthma affects between 5 and 10% of patients with asthma worldwide and requires best standard therapies at maximal doses. A subgroup of patients remains refractory to all treatments. We describe two case reports with severe allergic asthma who progressively worsened over the years despite the best therapy. The patients were first treated with omalizumab, which was completely ineffective, and then with bronchial thermoplasty (BT), again without clinical benefit. Since our patients met the AIFA criteria for inclusion in mepolizumab treatment, a therapy with this anti-IL5 biological agent was initiated. In the first case (a 53-year-old female), after the second mepolizumab administration, symptoms improved progressively, with a reduction in the number and severity of exacerbations, so the patient could finally be discharged from hospital. At follow-up, it was possible to reduce oral corticosteroids and continuing with inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting beta-agonists and montelukast. The patient had only one exacerbation/year. Symptom control and quality of life improved significantly. In the second case report (a 55-year-old male), after the sixth mepolizumab administration, symptoms improved progressively, with a reduction in the number and severity of exacerbations. At follow-up, it was possible to reduce and stop oral corticosteroids, continuing with inhaled therapy and montelukast. Symptom control and quality of life improved significantly.These are the first cases of patients unresponsive to sequential omalizumab and BT but with good and prolonged clinical response to mepolizumab. Both cases suggest that also after the failure of two consecutive third-line treatments, a third treatment (mepolizumab) should be attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Lombardi
- Departmental Unit of Allergology, Clinical Immunology & Respiratory Diseases, Istituto Ospedaliero “Fondazione Poliambulanza”, Brescia, Italy
- Corresponding author. Departmental Unit of Allergology & Pneumology, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, Via Leonida Bissolati, 57, 25124, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Menzella
- Department of Medical Specialties, Pneumology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL di Reggio Emilia- IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Passalacqua
- Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, DIMI Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico IRCCS, San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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Yang L, Xiao B, Hou L, Zhou G, Mo B, Yao D. Bioactive molecule Icariin inhibited proliferation while enhanced apoptosis and autophagy of rat airway smooth muscle cells in vitro. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:1109-1120. [PMID: 31583509 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00348-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Icariin is the main active compound extracted from epimedium Flavonoids (EFs) and involved in regulation of cell behaviors (proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy etc.) for many cell types, but the effect of Icariin on airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is still unknown. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of Icariin on rat ASMCs proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy. CKK8 assay showed that Icariin inhibited rat ASMCs growth in dose-time-dependent manner, and the flow cytometry assay showed that the Icariin interfered with ASMCs cell cycle, when treated with Icariin, S phase shortened while G2 phase extended, cyclin E1 and cyclinA1 gene and protein expression decreased. Next apoptosis was detected, Flow cytometry and TdTmediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay showed that Icariin promoted ASMCs apoptosis, and enhanced apoptosis protein cleaved-caspase-3 expression. Finally, it was found Icariin induced rat ASMCs autophagy, with enhancement expression of autophagy marker LC3 II. In conclusion, Icariin inhibited ASMCs proliferation while promoted apoptosis and autophagy, revealing its potential role in treatment of airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Yang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Lixia Hou
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Guiming Zhou
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Biwen Mo
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China
| | - Dong Yao
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of Colleges and Universities Affiliated Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China.
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541000, Guangxi, China.
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40
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Prabhala P, Wright DB, Robbe P, Bitter C, Pera T, Ten Hacken NHT, van den Berge M, Timens W, Meurs H, Dekkers BGJ. Laminin α4 contributes to airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L768-L777. [PMID: 31553662 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00222.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway inflammation and remodeling are characteristic features of asthma, with both contributing to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung function limitation. Airway smooth muscle (ASM) accumulation and extracellular matrix deposition are characteristic features of airway remodeling, which may contribute to persistent AHR. Laminins containing the α2-chain contribute to characteristics of ASM remodeling in vitro and AHR in animal models of asthma. The role of other laminin chains, including the laminin α4 and α5 chains, which contribute to leukocyte migration in other diseases, is currently unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of these laminin chains in ASM function and in AHR, remodeling, and inflammation in asthma. Expression of both laminin α4 and α5 was observed in the human and mouse ASM bundle. In vitro, laminin α4 was found to promote a pro-proliferative, pro-contractile, and pro-fibrotic ASM cell phenotype. In line with this, treatment with laminin α4 and α5 function-blocking antibodies reduced allergen-induced increases in ASM mass in a mouse model of allergen-induced asthma. Moreover, eosinophilic inflammation was reduced by the laminin α4 function-blocking antibody as well. Using airway biopsies from healthy subjects and asthmatic patients, we found inverse correlations between ASM α4-chain expression and lung function and AHR, whereas eosinophil numbers correlated positively with expression of laminin α4 in the ASM bundle. This study, for the first time, indicates a prominent role for laminin α4 in ASM function and in inflammation, AHR, and remodeling in asthma, whereas the role of laminin α5 is more subtle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Prabhala
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David B Wright
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Robbe
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catrin Bitter
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tonio Pera
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nick H T Ten Hacken
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman Meurs
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart G J Dekkers
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands
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41
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Jendzjowsky NG, Kelly MM. The Role of Airway Myofibroblasts in Asthma. Chest 2019; 156:1254-1267. [PMID: 31472157 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.1917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a characteristic feature of asthma and is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness. Myofibroblasts are key structural cells involved in injury and repair, and there is evidence that dysregulation of their normal function contributes to airway remodeling. Despite the importance of myofibroblasts, a lack of specific cellular markers and inconsistent nomenclature have limited recognition of their key role in airway remodeling. Myofibroblasts are increased several-fold in the airways in asthma, in proportion to the severity of the disease. Myofibroblasts are postulated to be derived from both tissue-resident and bone marrow-derived cells, depending on the stage of injury and the tissue. A small number of studies have demonstrated attenuation of myofibroblast numbers and also reversal of established myofibroblast populations in asthma and other inflammatory processes. In this article, we review what is currently known about the biology of myofibroblasts in the airways in asthma and identify potential targets to reduce or reverse the remodeling process. However, further translational research is required to better understand the mechanistic role of the myofibroblast in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Jendzjowsky
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Margaret M Kelly
- Airway Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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42
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Xie C, Li Y, Gao J, Wang Y. Esculetin regulates the phenotype switching of airway smooth muscle cells. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3008-3015. [PMID: 31435973 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is one important feature of childhood asthma, which is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases. Phenotype switching of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), defined as a reversible switching between contractile and proliferative phenotypes, plays an important role in the process of airway remodeling. Esculetin has shown antiinflammatory action in animal models of asthma; however, the effects of esculetin on ASMC phenotype switching have not been investigated. In the present study, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was used to induce the phenotype modulation of ASMCs. The results demonstrated that esculetin pretreatment mitigated the PDGF-caused inhibitory effects on expressions of contractile phenotype protein markers, including calponin and SM22α. Esculetin also inhibited PDGF-induced migration and proliferation of ASMCs. Besides, the PDGF-induced expressions of extracellular matrix components, collagen I and fibronectin, were attenuated by esculetin pretreatment. Furthermore, PDGF-caused activation of PI3K/Akt pathway in ASMCs was inhibited by esculetin. These findings suggest that esculetin might exert its inhibitory effect on PDGF-induced ASMC phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chundan Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, PR China
| | - Yanyang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, PR China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, PR China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, PR China
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43
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Komatsu S, Wang L, Seow CY, Ikebe M. p116 Rip promotes myosin phosphatase activity in airway smooth muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:114-127. [PMID: 31347175 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Myosin phosphatase-Rho interacting protein (p116Rip ) was originally found as a RhoA-binding protein. Subsequent studies by us and others revealed that p116Rip facilitates myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) activity through direct and indirect manners. However, it is unclear how p116Rip regulates myosin phosphatase activity in cells. To elucidate the role of p116Rip in cellular contractile processes, we suppressed the expression of p116Rip by RNA interference in human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). We found that knockdown of p116Rip in HASMCs led to increased di-phosphorylated MLC (pMLC), that is phosphorylation at both Ser19 and Thr18. This was because of a change in the interaction between MLCP and myosin, but not an alteration of RhoA/ROCK signaling. Attenuation of Zipper-interacting protein kinase (ZIPK) abolished the increase in di-pMLC, suggesting that ZIPK is involved in this process. Moreover, suppression of p116Rip expression in HASMCs substantially increased the histamine-induced collagen gel contraction. We also found that expression of the p116Rip was decreased in the airway smooth muscle tissue from asthmatic patients compared with that from non-asthmatic patients, suggesting a potential role of p116Rip expression in asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Komatsu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chun Y Seow
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mitsuo Ikebe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
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44
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Qiu C, Li J, Zhang J, He Q, Wang L, Weng X, Guan M. Modulation of the airway smooth muscle phenotype in a murine asthma model and effects of nuclear factor-κB inhibition. J Asthma 2019; 56:1247-1256. [PMID: 30634869 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2018.1539498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Phenotype modulation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) is a unique characteristic of asthma and is considered to regulate airway remodeling, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in phenotypic modulation. Thus, models of acute and chronic asthma were established and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an NF-κB inhibitor was delivered by intraperitoneal injection. Methods: The Penh value was measured using the BUXCO WBP system. Lung tissues were subjected to histologic analysis. Phenotypic markers of ASM and COL1A1 mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR. Expression levels of phosphorylated p65 (pP65) and α-SMA were detected by Western blot. Serum cytokine levels were quantified by RayBiotech ELISA array. Results: PDTC intervention decreased the Penh values in both the acute and chronic models. The ASM area and the airway collagen area were decreased in the PDTC intervention group. A decrease in phenotypic markers were detected in both the acute and chronic models in time-dependent manner, and PDTC intervention partially reversed the phenotypic modulation. The effect of PDTC intervention on systemic inflammation was also verified. Conclusion: These results revealed the existence of a dynamic ASM phenotype modulation procedure in asthma development and that targeting NF-κB by PDTC was effective to mitigate ASM phenotype modulation and major asthmatic pathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Second Clinical medical college (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University , Shenzhen , China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Second Clinical medical college (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University , Shenzhen , China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral research station, Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Research Laboratory for Reproductive Health, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Second Clinical medical college (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University , Shenzhen , China
| | - Lingwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Second Clinical medical college (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University , Shenzhen , China
| | - Xuanwen Weng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Second Clinical medical college (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University , Shenzhen , China
| | - Minjie Guan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Second Clinical medical college (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University , Shenzhen , China
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45
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Li H, Yang T, Wu R, Chen T, Sun Z, Yang L. Salidroside inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:6642-6650. [PMID: 30552692 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) have been found to be important for the airway remodeling during the pathogenesis of asthma. Salidroside a bioactive glucoside that exerts antitumor activity via inhibiting the cell proliferation and migration of cancer cells. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of salidroside on the proliferation and migration of ASMCs. Our results showed that salidroside inhibited the proliferation and migration of ASMCs in response to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation. Salidroside markedly attenuated the PDGF-induced production of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in ASMCs. The levels of contractile phenotype markers including smooth muscle α-actin and calponin were reduced in response to PDGF stimulation, which was attenuated by salidroside pretreatment. Salidroside diminished the increase in the expression levels of type I collagen and fibronectin in PDGF-stimulated ASMCs. Furthermore, salidroside blocked the PDGF-induced activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in ASMCs. The results suggested that salidroside functionally regulated the proliferation, migration, phenotype plasticity, and extracellular matrix deposition in PDGF-induced ASMCs and the NF-κB pathway might be implicated in the effects of salidroside on ASMCs induced by PDGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianjun Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongmin Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Bonafiglia QA, Lourenssen SR, Hurlbut DJ, Blennerhassett MG. Epigenetic modification of intestinal smooth muscle cell phenotype during proliferation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C722-C733. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00216.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation causes proliferation of intestinal smooth muscle cells (ISMC), contributing to a thickened intestinal wall and to stricture formation in Crohn’s disease. Proliferation of ISMC in vitro and in vivo caused decreased expression of marker proteins, but the underlying cause is unclear. Since epigenetic change is important in other systems, we used immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting, and quantitative PCR to examine epigenetic modification in cell lines from rat colon at low passage or after extended growth to evaluate phenotype. Exposure to the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A or the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azacytidine reversed the characteristic loss of phenotypic markers among high-passage cell lines of ISMC. Expression of smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle protein 22, as well as functional expression of the neurotrophin glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, was markedly increased. Increased expression of muscarinic receptor 3 and myosin light chain kinase was correlated with an upregulated response to cholinergic stimulation. In human ISMC (hISMC) lines from the terminal ileum, phenotype was similarly affected by extended proliferation. However, in hISMC from resected Crohn’s strictures, we observed a significantly reduced contractile phenotype compared with patient-matched intrinsic controls that was associated with increased patient-specific expression of DNA methyltransferase 1, HDAC2, and HDAC5. Therefore, protracted growth causes epigenetic alterations that account for an altered phenotype of ISMC. A similar process may promote stricture formation in Crohn’s disease, where the potential for halting progression, or even reversal, of disease through control of phenotypic modulation may become a novel treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn A. Bonafiglia
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra R. Lourenssen
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J. Hurlbut
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit and Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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47
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Yu Q, Yu X, Zhao W, Zhu M, Wang Z, Zhang J, Huang M, Zeng X. Inhibition of H3K27me3 demethylases attenuates asthma by reversing the shift in airway smooth muscle phenotype. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:1439-1452. [PMID: 30084510 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shift in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype between proliferation and contraction during asthma has been reported recently, highlighting a role of ASMCs plasticity in the pathophysiology of asthma. As an event involved in epigenetic post-translational modification, histone H3 lysine27 (H3K27) demethylation has attracted significant attention with respect to the epigenetic changes in diverse cells; however, little is known about its contribution to the switching of ASMCs phenotype in asthma. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of trimethylated H3K27 (H3k27me3) demethylation in ASM remodelling as well as the underling mechanism. METHODS Mice were exposed five times a week to house dust mite (HDM) extract for 5 weeks. Lung function was measured following the final HDM challenge. Airway inflammation and remodelling were then assessed in lungs of individual mice. Human ASMCs were purchased from Sciencell Research Laboratories. Proliferation, synthesis, migration and contraction of ASMCs were analysed, respectively. RESULTS We observed demethylation at H3k27me3 sites in lungs harvested from mice exposed to HDM extract. Administration of a selective inhibitor of H3K27 demethylase (GSK-J4) could ameliorate the classical hallmarks of asthma, such as airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation and remodelling. We established a proliferative as well as a contractive model of human ASMCs to explore the impacts of H3K27 demethylase inhibition on ASMCs phenotype. Our results indicated that GSK-J4 decreased ASMCs proliferation and migration elicited by PDGF through the Akt/JNK signalling; GSK-J4 also prevented the upregulation of contractile proteins in ASMCs induced by TGF-β through the Smad3 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of H3K27me3 demethylation alleviated the development of asthmatic airway disease in vivo and modulated ASMCs phenotype in vitro. Collectively, our findings highlight a role of H3K27me3 demethylation in experimental asthma and ASMCs phenotype switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxue Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Lung Biology Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Manni Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengxia Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoning Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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48
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Chen F, Shao F, Hinds A, Yao S, Ram-Mohan S, Norman TA, Krishnan R, Fine A. Retinoic acid signaling is essential for airway smooth muscle homeostasis. JCI Insight 2018; 3:120398. [PMID: 30135301 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.120398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) is a dynamic and complex tissue involved in regulation of bronchomotor tone, but the molecular events essential for the maintenance of ASM homeostasis are not well understood. Observational and genome-wide association studies in humans have linked airway function to the nutritional status of vitamin A and its bioactive metabolite retinoic acid (RA). Here, we provide evidence that ongoing RA signaling is critical for the regulation of adult ASM phenotype. By using dietary, pharmacologic, and genetic models in mice and humans, we show that (a) RA signaling is active in adult ASM in the normal lung, (b) RA-deficient ASM cells are hypertrophic, hypercontractile, profibrotic, but not hyperproliferative, (c) TGF-β signaling, known to cause ASM hypertrophy and airway fibrosis in human obstructive lung diseases, is hyperactivated in RA-deficient ASM, (d) pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of the TGF-β activity in ASM prevents the development of the aberrant phenotype induced by RA deficiency, and (e) the consequences of transient RA deficiency in ASM are long-lasting. These results indicate that RA signaling actively maintains adult ASM homeostasis, and disruption of RA signaling leads to aberrant ASM phenotypes similar to those seen in human chronic airway diseases such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Chen
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fengzhi Shao
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne Hinds
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sean Yao
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sumati Ram-Mohan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy A Norman
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alan Fine
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Allergy, West Roxbury Veterans Hospital, West Roxbury, Massachusetts, USA
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49
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Hill MR, Philp CJ, Billington CK, Tatler AL, Johnson SR, O'Dea RD, Brook BS. A theoretical model of inflammation- and mechanotransduction-driven asthmatic airway remodelling. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2018; 17:1451-1470. [PMID: 29968161 PMCID: PMC6154265 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-018-1037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation, airway hyper-responsiveness and airway remodelling are well-established hallmarks of asthma, but their inter-relationships remain elusive. In order to obtain a better understanding of their inter-dependence, we develop a mechanochemical morphoelastic model of the airway wall accounting for local volume changes in airway smooth muscle (ASM) and extracellular matrix in response to transient inflammatory or contractile agonist challenges. We use constrained mixture theory, together with a multiplicative decomposition of growth from the elastic deformation, to model the airway wall as a nonlinear fibre-reinforced elastic cylinder. Local contractile agonist drives ASM cell contraction, generating mechanical stresses in the tissue that drive further release of mitogenic mediators and contractile agonists via underlying mechanotransductive signalling pathways. Our model predictions are consistent with previously described inflammation-induced remodelling within an axisymmetric airway geometry. Additionally, our simulations reveal novel mechanotransductive feedback by which hyper-responsive airways exhibit increased remodelling, for example, via stress-induced release of pro-mitogenic and pro-contractile cytokines. Simulation results also reveal emergence of a persistent contractile tone observed in asthmatics, via either a pathological mechanotransductive feedback loop, a failure to clear agonists from the tissue, or a combination of both. Furthermore, we identify various parameter combinations that may contribute to the existence of different asthma phenotypes, and we illustrate a combination of factors which may predispose severe asthmatics to fatal bronchospasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hill
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Room C25, Mathematical Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Christopher J Philp
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, D Floor, South Block, Queen's Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Charlotte K Billington
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, D Floor, South Block, Queen's Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Amanda L Tatler
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Simon R Johnson
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, D Floor, South Block, Queen's Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Reuben D O'Dea
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Room C28, Mathematical Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Bindi S Brook
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Room C26, Mathematical Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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50
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Cheng W, Yan K, Chen Y, Zhang W, Ji Z, Dang C. ABCA1 inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation and migration of rat airway smooth muscle cell through blocking TLR2/NF-κB/NFATc1 signaling. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7388-7396. [PMID: 29775222 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a key feature of asthma, characterized by abnormal proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). ABCA1, a member of the ATP-binding cassette family of active transporters, plays an essential role in the progression of lung diseases. However, the contributions of ABCA1 in ASMCs remain to be explored. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the functional role and potential molecular mechanism of ABCA1 in platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced primary rat ASMC proliferation and migration. We observed that PDGF- led to a significant decrease in the expression of ABCA1. Overexpression of ABCA1 strikingly suppressed PDGF-induced ASMC proliferation accompanied by a decrease in the expression of PCAN stimulated by PDGF. Additionally, augmentation of ABCA1 dramatically restrained PDGF-induced migration concomitant with attenuate the accumulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in response to PDGF. Furthermore, forced expression of ABCA1 enhanced contractile phenotype markers proteins including α-SMA along with sm-MHC, sm-α-actin, and calponin reduced by PDGF. Meanwhile, introduction of ABCA1 depressed ECM over-deposition induced by PDGF as reflected by a decrease in the expression of ECM protein collagen I and fibronectin. More importantly, addition of ABCA1 effectively suppressed the activity of TLR2/NF-κB signaling as well as diminished the expression of NFATc1 in rat ASMCs after PDGF stimulation. Interestingly, blockage of TLR2/NF-κB signaling effectively inhibited PDGF-induced proliferation and migration, these effects were similar to ABCA1. Taken together, these data implicated that ABCA1 suppressed PDGF-induced proliferation, migration, and contraction in rat ASMCs at least partly through TLR2/NF-κB/NFATc1 signaling, which might offer hope for the future treatment of airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- The Second Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Kun Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- The Second Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zongzheng Ji
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Chengxue Dang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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