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Idriss AIB, Yang CM, Li J, Guo Y, Liu J, Abdelmagid AAA, Ahmed GA, Zhang H. Influence of Particle Size on the Mechanical Performance and Sintering Quality of Peanut Husk Powder/PES Composites Fabricated through Selective Laser Sintering. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3913. [PMID: 37835962 PMCID: PMC10575073 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study intends to enhance the mechanical strength of wood-plastic composite selective laser sintering (SLS) parts by using a sustainable composite, peanut husk powder (PHP)/poly ether sulfone (PES) (PHPC). The study aims to address agricultural waste pollution by encouraging the eco-friendly utilization of such waste in SLS technology. To ensure the sintering quality and mechanical properties and prevent deformation and warping during sintering, the thermo-physical properties of PHP and PES powders were analyzed to determine a suitable preheating temperature for PHPC. Single-layer sintering tests were conducted to assess the formability of PHPC specimens with varying PHP particle sizes. The study showed the effects of different PHP particle sizes on the mechanical performance of PHPC parts. The evaluation covered various aspects of PHPC SLS parts, including mechanical strength, density, residual ash content, dimensional accuracy (DA), and surface roughness, with different PHP particle sizes. The mechanical analysis showed that PHPC parts made from PHP particles of ≤0.125 mm were the strongest. Specifically, the density bending strength, residual ash content, tensile, and impact strength were measured as 1.1825 g/cm3, 14.1 MPa, 1.2%, 6.076 MPa, and 2.12 kJ/cm2, respectively. Notably, these parameters showed significant improvement after the wax infiltration treatment. SEM was used to examine the PHP and PES powder particles, PHPC specimen microstructure, and PHPC SLS parts before and after the mechanical tests and waxing. Consequently, SEM analysis wholly confirmed the mechanical test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboubaker I. B. Idriss
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.G.); (J.L.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Nyala, Nyala P.O. Box 155, Sudan
| | - Chun-Mei Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Jian Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Yanling Guo
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiuqing Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.G.); (J.L.)
| | | | - Gafer A. Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 11113, Sudan;
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.G.); (J.L.)
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Wang B, Huang P, Li B, Wu Z, Xing Y, Zhu J, Liu L. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials Electrodes of Ionic Soft Actuators: From Initial 1D Structure to 3D Composite Structure for Flexible Intelligent Devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2304246. [PMID: 37635123 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of autonomous and intelligent devices driven by soft actuators, ion soft actuators in flexible intelligent devices have several advantages over other actuators, including their light weight, low voltage drive, large strain, good flexibility, fast response, etc. Traditional ionic polymer metal composites have received a lot of attention over the past decades, but they suffer from poor driving performance and short service lives since the precious metal electrodes are not only expensive, heavy, and labor-intensive, but also prone to cracking with repeated actuation. As excellent candidates for the electrode materials of ionic soft actuators, carbon-based nanomaterials have received a lot of interest because of their plentiful reserves, low cost, and excellent mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical properties. This research reviewed carbon-based nanomaterial electrodes of ion soft actuators for flexible smart devices from a fresh perspective from 1D to 3D combinations. The design of the electrode structure is introduced after the driving mechanism of ionic soft actuators. The details of ionic soft actuator electrodes made of carbon-based nanomaterials are then provided. Additionally, a summary of applications for flexible intelligent devices is provided. Finally, suggestions for challenges and prospects are made to offer direction and inspiration for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Peng Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Bingjue Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Ze Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Youqiang Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Jianxiong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
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Idriss AI, Li J, Guo Y, Wang Y, Elfaki EA, Ahmed EA. Improved Sintering Quality and Mechanical Properties of Peanut Husk Powder/Polyether Sulfone Composite for Selective Laser Sintering. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 10:111-123. [PMID: 36998798 PMCID: PMC10049862 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Current wood-plastic materials available for selective laser sintering (SLS) are limited and often suffer from low-quality and mechanical strength. In this study, a new composite of peanut husk powder (PHP)/polyether sulfone (PES) was developed for SLS additive manufacturing (AM). To use the biomass waste materials in AM technology, such as furniture and wood flooring, this composite based on agricultural waste is environmentally friendly, energy efficient, and low in production cost. SLS parts made from PHPC had good mechanical strength and excellent dimensional precision (DP). The thermal decomposition temperature of composite powder components and the glass transition temperatures of PES and various PHPC were determined first to prevent the PHPC parts from warping during sintering. Furthermore, the formability of PHPC powders in various mixing ratios was examined through single-layer sintering; and the density, mechanical strength, surface roughness, and DP of the sintered parts were measured. Particle distribution and microstructure of the powders and the SLS parts (both before and after breakage in mechanical tests) were inspected using scanning electron microscopy. According to the combined results, a ratio of PHP/PES = 10/90 (w/w) resulted in the best forming quality and mechanical strength compared with other ratios and pure PES. The measured density, impact strength, tensile strength, and bending strength for this PHPC are 1.1825 g/cm3, 2.12 kJ/cm2, 6.076 MPa, and 14.1 MPa, respectively. After wax infiltration, these parameters were further improved to 2.0625 g/cm3, 2.96 kJ/cm2, 7.476 MPa, and 15.7 MPa, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboubaker I.B. Idriss
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Nyala, Nyala, Sudan
| | - Jian Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanling Guo
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yangwei Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Elkhawad A. Elfaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Elhaj A.I. Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Nyala, Nyala, Sudan
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Preparation and Modification Technology Analysis of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMCs). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073522. [PMID: 35408883 PMCID: PMC8998928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As a new type of flexible smart material, ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) has the advantages of being lightweight and having fast responses, good flexibility, and large deformation ranges. However, IPMC has the disadvantages of a small driving force and short lifespan. Based on this, this paper firstly analyzes the driving mechanism of IPMC. Then, it focuses on the current preparation technology of IPMC from the aspects of electroless plating and mechanical plating. The advantages and disadvantages of various preparation methods are analyzed. Due to the special driving mechanism of IPMC, there is a problem of short non-aqueous working time. Therefore, the modification research of IPMC is reviewed from the aspects of the basement membrane, working medium, and electrode materials. Finally, the current challenges and future development prospects of IPMC are discussed.
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Yang J, Yao J, Wang S. Electromechanical response performance of a reinforced biomass gel artificial muscle based on natural polysaccharide of sodium alginate doped with an ionic liquid for micro-nano regulation. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118717. [PMID: 34742441 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a reinforced Biomass Gel Artificial Muscle (BGAM) was fabricated by natural polysaccharide of Sodium Alginate (SA) doped with an Ionic Liquid (IL) of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIm][BF4]). Micro-nano regulation effect and reinforcement mechanism of IL doping content on electromechanical response performance of BGAM were researched during a single cycle and repeated cycles. Then, a green fabrication process and a set of valid test methods for BGAM were proposed in detail. The experimental results showed that when IL doping content was 4 mL, the BGAM achieved optimal modification, with a porosity of 70.47%, where it internally adopted the porous polymer structure of ion channels. Additionally, specific capacitance of BGAM attained a maximum value of 126.98 mF/g, and the inner resistance and elastic modulus reached minimum values of 2.018 Ω and 1.871 MPa, separately. Thus, the optimal working life and output-force density values, namely, 1720 s and 13.072 mN/g, respectively, were also determined for the BGAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City 132012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jintong Yao
- University Hospital, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City 132012, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyong Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin City 132012, People's Republic of China
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Hopson C, Villar-Chavero MM, Domínguez JC, Alonso MV, Oliet M, Rodriguez F. Cellulose ionogels, a perspective of the last decade: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 274:118663. [PMID: 34702482 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose ionogels have been extensively studied due to the variability of their properties and applications. The capability of trapping an ionic liquid in a biodegradable solid matrix without losing its properties makes this type of material a promising substitute for fossil fuel-derived materials. The possibility to formulate ionogels chemically or physically, to choose between different ionic liquids, cellulose types, and the possibility to add a wide range of additives, make these ionogels an adaptable material that can be modified for each target application in many fields such as medicine, energy storage, electrochemistry, etc. The aim of this review is to show its versatility and to provide a summary picture of the advances in the field of cellulose ionogels formulation (chemical or physical methods), as well as their potential applications, so this review will serve as a stimulus for research on these materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Hopson
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Mar Villar-Chavero
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Domínguez
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Virginia Alonso
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Oliet
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Kanaan AF, Pinho AC, Piedade AP. Electroactive Polymers Obtained by Conventional and Non-Conventional Technologies. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2713. [PMID: 34451256 PMCID: PMC8399042 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroactive polymers (EAPs), materials that present size/shape alteration in response to an electrical stimulus, are currently being explored regarding advanced smart devices, namely robotics, valves, soft actuators, artificial muscles, and electromechanical sensors. They are generally prepared through conventional techniques (e.g., solvent casting and free-radical polymerization). However, non-conventional processes such as those included in additive manufacturing (AM) are emerging as a novel approach to tune and enhance the electromechanical properties of EAPs to expand the scope of areas for this class of electro-responsive material. This review aims to summarize the published work (from the last five years) in developing EAPs either by conventional or non-conventional polymer processing approaches. The technology behind each processing technique is discussed as well as the main mechanism behind the electromechanical response. The most common polymer-based materials used in the design of current EAPs are reviewed. Therefore, the main conclusions and future trends regarding EAPs obtained by conventional and non-conventional technologies are also given.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana P. Piedade
- CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.F.K.); (A.C.P.)
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Zhao Q, Chang Y, Lin Z, Zhang Z, Han Z, Ren L. Microstructure and in-situ tensile strength of propodus of mantis shrimp. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:415-421. [PMID: 32937000 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Effects of microstructure and phase component on mechanical property of spearer propodus of mantis shrimp were investigated. The spearer propodus consisted of three layers including epicuticle (outer layer), exocuticle (middle layer), and endocuticle (inner layer). The outer layer was composed of fluorapatite, which was treated as permeability barrier to environment. The compact middle layer and inner layer were constituted of chitin-protein fibers, which exhibited the layered spiral structure. Under the in-situ tensile test environment, spearer propodus owned high mechanical strength, which bore maximum tensile fore of 320 N. In the in-situ tensile process, cracks extended along with zigzag lines on spearer propodus surface. The middle layer and inner layer resisted the damage of force via the fracture and pulling of fibers. The crack deflection and delamination phenomena were the mechanical property mechanisms of spearer propodus of mantis shrimp. The investigations provided typical bionic models for the design and preparation of bionic structure materials, bionic anti-impact materials, and bionic soft materials in engineering fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanjiao Chang
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaohua Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiwu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Luquan Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Idriss AIB, Li J, Wang Y, Guo Y, Elfaki EA, Adam SA. Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Post-Processing of Prosopis Chilensis/Polyethersulfone Composite (PCPC). MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13133034. [PMID: 32645924 PMCID: PMC7372462 DOI: 10.3390/ma13133034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The range of selective laser sintering (SLS) materials is currently limited, and the available materials are often of high cost. Moreover, the mechanical strength of wood–plastic SLS parts is low, which restricts the application of a SLS technology. A new composite material has been proposed to address these issues, while simultaneously valorizing agricultural and forestry waste. This composite presents several advantages, including reduced pollution associated with waste disposal and reduced CO2 emission with the SLS process in addition to good mechanical strength. In this article, a novel and low-cost Prosopis chilensis/polyethersulfone composite (PCPC) was used as a primary material for SLS. The formability of PCPC with various raw material ratios was investigated via single-layer experiments, while the mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of the parts produced using the various PCPC ratios were evaluated. Further, the microstructure and particle distribution in the PCPC pieces were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The result showed that the SLS part produced via 10/90 (wt/wt) PCPC exhibited the best mechanical strength and forming quality compared to other ratios and pure polyethersulfone (PES), where bending and tensile strengths of 10.78 and 4.94 MPa were measured. To improve the mechanical strength, post-processing infiltration was used and the PCPC-waxed parts were enhanced to 12.38 MPa and 5.73 MPa for bending and tensile strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboubaker I. B. Idriss
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Nyala, P.O. Box 155, Nyala 11111, Sudan;
| | - Jian Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-158-4614-4387
| | - Yangwei Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yanling Guo
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (A.I.B.I.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Elkhawad A. Elfaki
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, The University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 11113, Sudan
| | - Shareef A. Adam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Nyala, P.O. Box 155, Nyala 11111, Sudan;
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Zhou S, Zhou Q, Lu C, Zhang Z, Ren L. Design and preparation of 3D printing intelligent poly N,N-dimethylacrylamide hydrogel actuators. E-POLYMERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2020-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe intelligent poly N,N-dimethylacrylamide hydrogel material system with high mechanical strength and the 3D printable property was prepared via in situ free radical polymerization under vacuum successfully. With the increase in nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) content, stress and strain of hydrogels increased gradually. As the effective reinforcement, NFC enhanced the crosslinking density, which realized the controllable regulation of rheology behaviors including viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus of hydrogels. Combined with the swelling rate and the existence of the gel–sol transition point, a hydrogel with 10 mg/mL NFC was treated as the 3D printing ink of hydrogel actuators. Variation of printing parameters significantly affected self-driven deformations. The hydrogel actuators with 90°/0° and 45°/135° configurations owned bending and spiral deformations, respectively. Actuators with a larger length–width ratio owned a lower pitch value. The precise anisotropic swelling property of the printed bilayer structure was the self-driven deformation mechanism of hydrogel actuators, which provided material candidates for the preparation of soft robots and actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhu Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
- Department Anesthesiol, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
- Cadre’s ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department Anesthesiol, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Luquan Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
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Chang Y, Zhou Q, Ning L, Liang Y, Ren L, Ren L. Study on intelligent deformation characteristics of temperature‐driven hydrogel actuators prepared via molding and
3D
printing. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiao Chang
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of EducationJilin University Changchun China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Cadre's WardThe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Luping Ning
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of EducationJilin University Changchun China
| | - Yunhong Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of EducationJilin University Changchun China
| | - Lei Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of EducationJilin University Changchun China
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Luquan Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of EducationJilin University Changchun China
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Mao JW, Chen ZD, Han DD, Ma JN, Zhang YL, Sun HB. Nacre-inspired moisture-responsive graphene actuators with robustness and self-healing properties. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:20614-20619. [PMID: 31641724 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06579b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Moisture-responsive actuators based on graphene oxide (GO) have attracted intensive research interest in recent years. However, current GO actuators suffer from low mechanical strength. Inspired by the robustness of nacre's structure, moisture-responsive actuators with high mechanical strength and self-healing properties were successfully developed based on GO and cellulose fiber (CF) hybrids. The hybrid paper demonstrated significantly improved tensile strength, ∼20 times higher than that of pure GO paper, and self-healing properties. A broken paper can be well cured under moist conditions, and the mechanical properties of the self-healed hybrid paper can still maintain similar tensile strength to the pristine one. After controllable ultraviolet light photoreduction treatment, a hybrid paper with a photoreduction gradient along the normal direction was prepared, which can act as a moisture-responsive actuator. A maximum bending curvature of ∼1.48 cm-1 can be achieved under high relative humidity (RH = 97%). As a proof-of-concept, a butterfly-like actuator that can deform itself with moisture actuation was demonstrated. Our approach may pave a new way for designing robust and self-healable graphene actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Zhao-Di Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jia-Nan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yong-Lai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China. and State Key Lab of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Haidian, Beijing 100084, China
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