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Tehlivets O, Almer G, Brunner MS, Lechleitner M, Sommer G, Kolb D, Leitinger G, Diwoky C, Wolinski H, Habisch H, Opriessnig P, Bogoni F, Pernitsch D, Kavertseva M, Bourgeois B, Kukilo J, Tehlivets YG, Schwarz AN, Züllig T, Bubalo V, Schauer S, Groselj-Strele A, Hoefler G, Rechberger GN, Herrmann M, Eller K, Rosenkranz AR, Madl T, Frank S, Holzapfel GA, Kratky D, Mangge H, Hörl G. Homocysteine contributes to atherogenic transformation of the aorta in rabbits in the absence of hypercholesterolemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117244. [PMID: 39116783 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of cardiovascular disease, cannot be sufficiently explained by established risk factors, including cholesterol. Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and is closely linked to cardiovascular mortality. However, its role in atherosclerosis has not been fully clarified yet. We have previously shown that rabbits fed a diet deficient in B vitamins and choline (VCDD), which are required for Hcy degradation, exhibit an accumulation of macrophages and lipids in the aorta, aortic stiffening and disorganization of aortic collagen in the absence of hypercholesterolemia, and an aggravation of atherosclerosis in its presence. In the current study, plasma Hcy levels were increased by intravenous injections of Hcy into balloon-injured rabbits fed VCDD (VCDD+Hcy) in the absence of hypercholesterolemia. While this treatment did not lead to thickening of aortic wall, intravenous injections of Hcy into rabbits fed VCDD led to massive accumulation of VLDL-triglycerides as well as significant impairment of vascular reactivity of the aorta compared to VCDD alone. In the aorta intravenous Hcy injections into VCDD-fed rabbits led to fragmentation of aortic elastin, accumulation of elastin-specific electron-dense inclusions, collagen disorganization, lipid degradation, and autophagolysosome formation. Furthermore, rabbits from the VCDD+Hcy group exhibited a massive decrease of total protein methylated arginine in blood cells and decreased creatine in blood cells, serum and liver compared to rabbits from the VCDD group. Altogether, we conclude that Hcy contributes to atherogenic transformation of the aorta not only in the presence but also in the absence of hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Tehlivets
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Division of General Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Gunter Almer
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus S Brunner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Margarete Lechleitner
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Sommer
- Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Center for Medical Research, Ultrastructure Analysis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Clemens Diwoky
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heimo Wolinski
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Opriessnig
- Division of General Neurology, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Division of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Francesca Bogoni
- Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Dominique Pernitsch
- Center for Medical Research, Ultrastructure Analysis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maria Kavertseva
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Benjamin Bourgeois
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Kukilo
- Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Yuriy G Tehlivets
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas N Schwarz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Züllig
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vladimir Bubalo
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Schauer
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Groselj-Strele
- Center for Medical Research, Computational Bioanalytics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Eller
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Tobias Madl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Saša Frank
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard A Holzapfel
- Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Hörl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Lee M, Park J, Kim D, Park SH, Jung J, Jun W, Kim J, Baek KS, Kim OK, Lee J. Laurus nobilis L. leaves Suppress Alcohol-Related Liver Disease by Exhibiting Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Alcohol-Treated Hepatocytes and Mice. J Med Food 2024. [PMID: 39212582 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive and prolonged alcohol consumption can lead to a serious health condition known as alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD). This ailment represents a significant worldwide health challenge, affecting populations across various demographics. ARLD has a multifactorial pathogenesis involving oxidative stress, inflammation, dysregulated lipid metabolism, and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of Laurus nobilis L. leaf water extract (LLE) against ARLD in alcohol-treated hepatocytes and mice. LLE exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and CYP2E1 expression in ethanol-treated hepatocytes. Moreover, LLE mitigated lipogenesis by modulating the expression of lipogenic factors in ethanol-treated hepatocytes. In vivo, LLE administration attenuated liver injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid accumulation induced by alcohol consumption in mice. Additionally, LLE suppressed apoptosis signaling pathways implicated in alcohol-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. These findings suggest that LLE functions as a multifaceted therapeutic agent for ARLD by modulating multiple cellular mechanisms, including the reduction of oxidative damage, mitigation of inflammatory responses, alleviation of lipid-mediated toxicity, and regulation of programmed cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Lee
- Department of Food Innovation and Health, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi, Korea
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongjin Park
- Division of Food and Nutrition and Human Ecology Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dakyung Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoo Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeeun Jung
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojun Jun
- Division of Food and Nutrition and Human Ecology Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhak Kim
- R&D Division, Daehan Chemtech Co., Ltd., Gwacheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Baek
- R&D Division, Daehan Chemtech Co., Ltd., Gwacheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition and Human Ecology Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Food Innovation and Health, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi, Korea
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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3
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Meroni M, Longo M, Dongiovanni P. Cardiometabolic risk factors in MASLD patients with HCC: the other side of the coin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1411706. [PMID: 38846491 PMCID: PMC11153718 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1411706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) constitutes the commonest cause of chronic liver disorder worldwide, whereby affecting around one third of the global population. This clinical condition may evolve into Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in a predisposed subgroup of patients. The complex pathogenesis of MASLD is severely entangled with obesity, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D), so far so nutritional and lifestyle recommendations may be crucial in influencing the risk of HCC and modifying its prognosis. However, the causative association between HCC onset and the presence of metabolic comorbidities is not completely clarified. Therefore, the present review aimed to summarize the main literature findings that correlate the presence of inherited or acquired hyperlipidemia and metabolic risk factors with the increased predisposition towards liver cancer in MASLD patients. Here, we gathered the evidence underlining the relationship between circulating/hepatic lipids, cardiovascular events, metabolic comorbidities and hepatocarcinogenesis. In addition, we reported previous studies supporting the impact of triglyceride and/or cholesterol accumulation in generating aberrancies in the intracellular membranes of organelles, oxidative stress, ATP depletion and hepatocyte degeneration, influencing the risk of HCC and its response to therapeutic approaches. Finally, our pursuit was to emphasize the link between HCC and the presence of cardiometabolic abnormalities in our large cohort of histologically-characterized patients affected by MASLD (n=1538), of whom 86 had MASLD-HCC by including unpublished data.
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Xia T, Yu J, Chen Y, Chang X, Meng M. Phosphoglycerate mutase 5 aggravates alcoholic liver disease through disrupting VDAC-1-dependent mitochondrial integrity. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:755-764. [PMID: 38464835 PMCID: PMC10920835 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.93171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) poses a substantial global health challenge, with its pathogenesis deeply rooted in mitochondrial dysfunction. Our study explores the pivotal roles of Phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (Pgam5) and Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 (VDAC1) in the progression of ALD, providing novel insights into their interplay and impact on mitochondrial integrity. We demonstrate that Pgam5 silencing preserves hepatocyte viability and attenuates ethanol-induced apoptosis, underscoring its detrimental role in exacerbating hepatocyte dysfunction. Pgam5's influence extends to the regulation of VDAC1 oligomerization, a key process in mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, mitochondrial swelling, and apoptosis initiation. Notably, the inhibition of VDAC1 oligomerization through Pgam5 silencing or pharmacological intervention (VBIT-12) significantly preserves mitochondrial function, evident in the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In vivo experiments using hepatocyte-specific Pgam5 knockout (Pgam5hKO) and control mice reveal that Pgam5 deficiency mitigates ethanol-induced liver histopathology, inflammation, lipid peroxidation, and metabolic disorder, further supporting its role in ALD progression. Our findings highlight the critical involvement of Pgam5 and VDAC1 in mitochondrial dysfunction in ALD, suggesting potential therapeutic targets. While promising, these findings necessitate further research, including human studies, to validate their clinical applicability and explore broader implications in liver diseases. Overall, our study provides a significant advancement in understanding ALD pathophysiology, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial pathways in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Medical Centre, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachi Yu
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Medical Centre, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Miao Meng
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
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5
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Rodríguez-Agudo R, González-Recio I, Serrano-Maciá M, Bravo M, Petrov P, Blaya D, Herranz JM, Mercado-Gómez M, Rejano-Gordillo CM, Lachiondo-Ortega S, Gil-Pitarch C, Azkargorta M, Van Liempd SM, Martinez-Cruz LA, Simão A, Elortza F, Martín C, Nevzorova YA, Cubero FJ, Delgado TC, Argemi J, Bataller R, Schoonjans K, Banales JM, Castro RE, Sancho-Bru P, Avila MA, Julve J, Jover R, Mabe J, Simon J, Goikoetxea-Usandizaga N, Martínez-Chantar ML. Anti-miR-873-5p improves alcohol-related liver disease by enhancing hepatic deacetylation via SIRT1. JHEP Rep 2024; 6:100918. [PMID: 38192540 PMCID: PMC10772393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Current therapies for the treatment of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) have proven largely ineffective. Patients relapse and the disease progresses even after liver transplantation. Altered epigenetic mechanisms are characteristic of alcohol metabolism given excessive acetate and NAD depletion and play an important role in liver injury. In this regard, novel therapeutic approaches based on epigenetic modulators are increasingly proposed. MicroRNAs, epigenetic modulators acting at the post-transcriptional level, appear to be promising new targets for the treatment of ALD. Methods MiR-873-5p levels were measured in 23 liver tissue from Patients with ALD, and GNMT levels during ALD were confirmed using expression databases (transcriptome n = 62, proteome n = 68). High-resolution proteomics and metabolomics in mice following the Gao-binge model were used to investigate miR-873-5p expression in ALD. Hepatocytes exposed to 50 mM alcohol for 12 h were used to study toxicity. The effect of anti-miR-873-5p in the treatment outcomes of ALD was investigated. Results The analysis of human and preclinical ALD samples revealed increased expression of miR-873-5p in the liver. Interestingly, there was an inverse correlation with NNMT, suggesting a novel mechanism for NAD depletion and aberrant acetylation during ALD progression. High-resolution proteomics and metabolomics identified miR-873-5p as a key regulator of NAD metabolism and SIRT1 deacetylase activity. Anti-miR-873-5p reduced NNMT activity, fuelled the NAD salvage pathway, restored the acetylome, and modulated the levels of NF-κB and FXR, two known SIRT1 substrates, thereby protecting the liver from apoptotic and inflammatory processes, and improving bile acid homeostasis. Conclusions These data indicate that targeting miR-873-5p, a repressor of GNMT previously associated with NAFLD and acetaminophen-induced liver failure. is a novel and attractive approach to treating alcohol-induced hepatoxicity. Impact and implications The role of miR-873-5p has not been explicitly examined in the progression of ALD, a pathology with no therapeutic options. In this study, inhibiting miR-873-5p exerted hepatoprotective effects against ALD through rescued SIRT1 activity and consequently restored bile acid homeostasis and attenuated the inflammatory response. Targeting hepatic miR-873-5p may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Rodríguez-Agudo
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene González-Recio
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Serrano-Maciá
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Bravo
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Petar Petrov
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Experimental Hepatology Joint Research Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Delia Blaya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose María Herranz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Mercado-Gómez
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia María Rejano-Gordillo
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Lachiondo-Ortega
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clàudia Gil-Pitarch
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Proteomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Sebastiaan Martijn Van Liempd
- Metabolomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Luis Alfonso Martinez-Cruz
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - A.L. Simão
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Félix Elortza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Proteomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - César Martín
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Yulia A. Nevzorova
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT Complutense University School of Medicine Madrid Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT Complutense University School of Medicine Madrid Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa C. Delgado
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josepmaria Argemi
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ramón Bataller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jesús M. Banales
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rui E. Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Liver Cell Plasticity and Tissue Repair Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matías A. Avila
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Hepatology Program, Cima-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramiro Jover
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Experimental Hepatology Joint Research Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jon Mabe
- Business Department, IK4-Tekniker, Eibar, Spain
| | - Jorge Simon
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Naroa Goikoetxea-Usandizaga
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - María L. Martínez-Chantar
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Xu F, Chen Z, Xie L, Yang S, Li Y, Wu J, Wu Y, Li S, Zhang X, Ma Y, Liu Y, Zeng A, Xu Z. Lactobacillus plantarum ST-III culture supernatant protects against acute alcohol-induced liver and intestinal injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 16:2077-2089. [PMID: 38126998 PMCID: PMC10911357 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of probiotics have been studied in inflammatory bowel disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Probiotic supplements are safer and more effective; however, their potential mechanisms are unclear. An objective of the current study was to examine the effects of extracellular products of Lactobacillus plantarum on acute alcoholic liver injury. Mice on a standard chow diet were supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum ST-III culture supernatant (LP-cs) for two weeks and administered alcohol at 6 g/kg body weight by gavage. Alcohol-induced liver injury was assessed by measuring plasma alanine aminotransferase activity levels and triglyceride content determined liver steatosis. Intestinal damage and tight junctions were assessed using histochemical staining. LP-cs significantly inhibited alcohol-induced fat accumulation, inflammation, and apoptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. LP-cs significantly inhibited alcohol-induced intestinal injury and endotoxemia. These findings suggest that LP-cs alleviates acute alcohol-induced liver damage by inhibiting oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress via one mechanism and suppressing alcohol-induced increased intestinal permeability and endotoxemia via another mechanism. LP-cs supplements are a novel strategy for ALD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Zengqiang Chen
- Healthcare Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Longteng Xie
- Department of Infection Diseases, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, China
| | - Shizhuo Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College Affiliated Third Hospital, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Junnan Wu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuyu Wu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Aibing Zeng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zeping Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center Li Huili Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
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7
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Kholodenko IV, Kholodenko RV, Yarygin KN. The Crosstalk between Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Hepatocytes in Homeostasis and under Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15212. [PMID: 37894893 PMCID: PMC10607347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases, characterized by high morbidity and mortality, represent a substantial medical problem globally. The current therapeutic approaches are mainly aimed at reducing symptoms and slowing down the progression of the diseases. Organ transplantation remains the only effective treatment method in cases of severe liver pathology. In this regard, the development of new effective approaches aimed at stimulating liver regeneration, both by activation of the organ's own resources or by different therapeutic agents that trigger regeneration, does not cease to be relevant. To date, many systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published confirming the effectiveness of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation in the treatment of liver diseases of various severities and etiologies. However, despite the successful use of MSCs in clinical practice and the promising therapeutic results in animal models of liver diseases, the mechanisms of their protective and regenerative action remain poorly understood. Specifically, data about the molecular agents produced by these cells and mediating their therapeutic action are fragmentary and often contradictory. Since MSCs or MSC-like cells are found in all tissues and organs, it is likely that many key intercellular interactions within the tissue niches are dependent on MSCs. In this context, it is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying communication between MSCs and differentiated parenchymal cells of each particular tissue. This is important both from the perspective of basic science and for the development of therapeutic approaches involving the modulation of the activity of resident MSCs. With regard to the liver, the research is concentrated on the intercommunication between MSCs and hepatocytes under normal conditions and during the development of the pathological process. The goals of this review were to identify the key factors mediating the crosstalk between MSCs and hepatocytes and determine the possible mechanisms of interaction of the two cell types under normal and stressful conditions. The analysis of the hepatocyte-MSC interaction showed that MSCs carry out chaperone-like functions, including the synthesis of the supportive extracellular matrix proteins; prevention of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis; support of regeneration; elimination of lipotoxicity and ER stress; promotion of antioxidant effects; and donation of mitochondria. The underlying mechanisms suggest very close interdependence, including even direct cytoplasm and organelle exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Kholodenko
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman V. Kholodenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Konstantin N. Yarygin
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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8
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Cen Y, Lou G, Qi J, Zheng M, Liu Y. A new perspective on mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for liver diseases: restoring mitochondrial function. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:214. [PMID: 37596671 PMCID: PMC10436412 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising alternative treatment for liver disease due to their roles in regeneration, fibrosis inhibition, and immunoregulation. Mitochondria are crucial in maintaining hepatocyte integrity and function. Mitochondrial dysfunction, such as impaired synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), decreased activity of respiratory chain complexes, and altered mitochondrial dynamics, is observed in most liver diseases. Accumulating evidence has substantiated that the therapeutic potential of MSCs is mediated not only through their cell replacement and paracrine effects but also through their regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction in liver disease. Here, we comprehensively review the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of liver disease and how MSCs can target mitochondrial dysfunction. We also discuss recent advances in a novel method that modifies MSCs to enhance their functions in liver disease. A full understanding of MSC restoration of mitochondrial function and the underlying mechanisms will provide innovative strategies for clinical applications. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelei Cen
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, 6A-17, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Guohua Lou
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, 6A-17, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jinjin Qi
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, 6A-17, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Min Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, 6A-17, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Yanning Liu
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, 6A-17, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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9
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You M, Sun L, Li C, Zhu S. ATGL-mediated lipophagy balances cholesterol-induced inflammation in pathogen infected Apostichopus japonicus coelomocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108863. [PMID: 37277050 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism can be dynamically altered in response to pathogen infection that ensure proper macrophage inflammatory function in mammals. However, it is unclear whether the dynamic between cholesterol accumulation and breakdown could induce or suppress inflammation in aquatic animal. Here, we aimed to investigate the cholesterol metabolic response to LPS stimulation in coelomocytes of Apostichopus japonicus, and to elucidate the mechanism of lipophagy in regulating cholesterol-related inflammation. LPS stimulation significantly increased intracellular cholesterol levels at early time point (12 h), and the increase in cholesterol levels is associated with AjIL-17 upregulation. Excessive cholesterol in coelomocytes of A. japonicus was rapidly converted to cholesteryl esters (CEs) and stored in lipid droplets (LDs) after 12 h of LPS stimulation and prolonged for 18 h. Then, increased colocalization of LDs with lysosomes was observed at late time point of LPS treatment (24 h), accompanied by elevated expression of AjLC3 and decreased expression of Ajp62. At the same time, the expression of AjABCA1 rapidly increased, suggesting lipophagy induction. Moreover, we demonstrated that AjATGL is required for induction of lipophagy. Inducing lipophagy by AjATGL overexpression attenuated cholesterol-induced AjIL-17 expression. Overall, our study provides evidence that cholesterol metabolic response occurs upon LPS stimulation, which is actively involved in regulating the inflammatory response of coelomocytes. AjATGL-mediated lipophagy is responsible for cholesterol hydrolysis, thereby balancing cholesterol-induced inflammation in the coelomocytes of A. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixiang You
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Lianlian Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
| | - Si Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China.
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10
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Fucho R, Solsona-Vilarrasa E, Torres S, Nuñez S, Insausti-Urkia N, Edo A, Calvo M, Bosch A, Martin G, Enrich C, García-Ruiz C, Fernandez-Checa JC. Zonal expression of StARD1 and oxidative stress in alcoholic-related liver disease. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100413. [PMID: 37473919 PMCID: PMC10448177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic-related liver disease (ALD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease and morbidity. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of ALD is still incompletely understood. StARD1 has emerged as a key player in other etiologies of chronic liver disease, and alcohol-induced liver injury exhibits zonal distribution. Here, we report that StARD1 is predominantly expressed in perivenous (PV) zone of liver sections from mice-fed chronic and acute-on-chronic ALD models compared to periportal (PP) area and is observed as early as 10 days of alcohol feeding. Ethanol and chemical hypoxia induced the expression of StARD1 in isolated primary mouse hepatocytes. The zonal-dependent expression of StARD1 resulted in the accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria and increased lipid peroxidation in PV hepatocytes compared to PP hepatocytes, effects that were abrogated in PV hepatocytes upon hepatocyte-specific Stard1 KO mice. Transmission electron microscopy indicated differential glycogen and lipid droplets content between PP and PV areas, and alcohol feeding decreased glycogen content in both areas while increased lipid droplets content preferentially in PV zone. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy revealed that mitochondria from PV zone exhibited reduced length with respect to PP area, and alcohol feeding increased mitochondrial number, particularly, in PV zone. Extracellular flux analysis indicated lower maximal respiration and spared respiratory capacity in control PV hepatocytes that were reversed upon alcohol feeding. These findings reveal a differential morphology and functional activity of mitochondria between PP and PV hepatocytes following alcohol feeding and that StARD1 may play a key role in the zonal-dependent liver injury characteristic of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fucho
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estel Solsona-Vilarrasa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Nuñez
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Naroa Insausti-Urkia
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Edo
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Calvo
- Advanced Optical Microscopy-Clinic Campus, Scientific and Technological Center, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bosch
- Advanced Optical Microscopy-Clinic Campus, Scientific and Technological Center, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Martin
- Advanced Optical Microscopy-Clinic Campus, Scientific and Technological Center, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Unit of Cell Biology, Departament of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center of Biomedical Research CELLEX, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose C Fernandez-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Keck School of Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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11
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Goicoechea L, Conde de la Rosa L, Torres S, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Mitochondrial cholesterol: Metabolism and impact on redox biology and disease. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102643. [PMID: 36857930 PMCID: PMC9989693 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is a crucial component of membrane bilayers by regulating their structural and functional properties. Cholesterol traffics to different cellular compartments including mitochondria, whose cholesterol content is low compared to other cell membranes. Despite the limited availability of cholesterol in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), the metabolism of cholesterol in the IMM plays important physiological roles, acting as the precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones and neurosteroids in steroidogenic tissues and specific neurons, respectively, or the synthesis of bile acids through an alternative pathway in the liver. Accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria above physiological levels has a negative impact on mitochondrial function through several mechanisms, including the limitation of crucial antioxidant defenses, such as the glutathione redox cycle, increased generation of reactive oxygen species and consequent oxidative modification of cardiolipin, and defective assembly of respiratory supercomplexes. These adverse consequences of increased mitochondrial cholesterol trafficking trigger the onset of oxidative stress and cell death, and, ultimately, contribute to the development of diverse diseases, including metabolic liver diseases (i.e. fatty liver disease and liver cancer), as well as lysosomal disorders (i.e. Niemann-Pick type C disease) and neurodegenerative diseases (i.e. Alzheimer's disease). In this review, we summarize the metabolism and regulation of mitochondrial cholesterol and its potential impact on liver and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Goicoechea
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Conde de la Rosa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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12
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Chen Y, Yan W, Yang K, Qian Y, Chen Y, Wang R, Zhu J, He Y, Wu H, Zhang G, Shi T, Chen W. Integrated multi-dimensional analysis highlights DHCR7 mutations involving in cholesterol biosynthesis and contributing therapy of gastric cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:36. [PMID: 36710342 PMCID: PMC9885627 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic background plays an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC). With the application of genome-wide association study (GWAS), an increasing number of tumor susceptibility genes in gastric cancer have been discovered. While little of them can be further applicated in clinical diagnosis and treatment due to the lack of in-depth analysis. METHODS A GWAS of peripheral blood leukocytes from GC patients was performed to identify and obtain genetic background data. In combination with a clinical investigation, key SNP mutations and mutated genes were screened. Via in vitro and in vivo experiments, the function of the mutated gene was verified in GC. Via a combination of molecular function studies and amino acid network analysis, co-mutations were discovered and further identified as potential therapeutic targets. RESULTS At the genetic level, the G allele of rs104886038 in DHCR7 was a protective factor identified by the GWAS. Clinical investigation showed that patients with the rs104886038 A/G genotype, age ≥ 60, smoking ≥ 10 cigarettes/day, heavy drinking and H. pylori infection were independent risk factors for GC, with odds ratios of 12.33 (95% CI, 2.10 ~ 72.54), 20.42 (95% CI, 2.46 ~ 169.83), and 11.39 (95% CI, 1.82 ~ 71.21), respectively. Then molecular function studies indicated that DHCR7 regulated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as apoptosis resistance via cellular cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Further amino acid network analysis based on the predicted structure of DHCR7 and experimental verification indicated that rs104886035 and rs104886038 co-mutation reduced the stability of DHCR7 and induced its degradation. DHCR7 mutation suppressed the malignant behaviour of GC cells and induced apoptosis via inhibition on cell cholesterol biosynthesis. CONCLUSION In this work, we provided a comprehensive multi-dimensional analysis strategy which can be applied to in-depth exploration of GWAS data. DHCR7 and its mutation sites identified by this strategy are potential theratic targets of GC via inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Chen
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Wenying Yan
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Bioinformatics, Center for Systems Biology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kexi Yang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yiting Qian
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Ruoqin Wang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Jinghan Zhu
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yuxin He
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Hongya Wu
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215021 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215021 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tongguo Shi
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215021 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weichang Chen
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215021 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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13
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Potential Therapeutic Implication of Herbal Medicine in Mitochondria-Mediated Oxidative Stress-Related Liver Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102041. [PMID: 36290765 PMCID: PMC9598588 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles that play a role in ATP synthesis, calcium homeostasis, oxidation-reduction status, apoptosis, and inflammation. Several human disorders have been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. It has been found that traditional therapeutic herbs are effective on alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which are leading causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to oxidative stress is caused by mitochondrial dysfunction and is considered critical for treatment. The role of oxidative stress, lipid toxicity, and inflammation in NAFLD are well known. NAFLD is a chronic liver disease that commonly progresses to cirrhosis and chronic liver disease, and people with obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension are at a higher risk of developing NAFLD. NAFLD is associated with a number of pathological factors, including insulin resistance, lipid metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. As a result, the improvement in steatosis and inflammation is enough to entice researchers to look into liver disease treatment. However, antioxidant treatment has not been very effective for liver disease. Additionally, it has been suggested that the beneficial effects of herbal medicines on immunity and inflammation are governed by various mechanisms for lipid metabolism and inflammation control. This review provided a summary of research on herbal medicines for the therapeutic implementation of mitochondria-mediated ROS production in liver disease as well as clinical applications through herbal medicine. In addition, the pathophysiology of common liver disorders such as ALD and NAFLD would be investigated in the role that mitochondria play in the process to open new therapeutic avenues in the management of patients with liver disease.
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14
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Role of Oxidative Stress in Liver Disorders. LIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/livers2040023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is vital for life as it is required for many different enzymatic reactions involved in intermediate metabolism and xenobiotic biotransformation. Moreover, oxygen consumption in the electron transport chain of mitochondria is used to drive the synthesis of ATP to meet the energetic demands of cells. However, toxic free radicals are generated as byproducts of molecular oxygen consumption. Oxidative stress ensues not only when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds the endogenous antioxidant defense mechanism of cells, but it can also occur as a consequence of an unbalance between antioxidant strategies. Given the important role of hepatocytes in the biotransformation and metabolism of xenobiotics, ROS production represents a critical event in liver physiology, and increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress contributes to the development of many liver diseases. The present review, which is part of the special issue “Oxidant stress in Liver Diseases”, aims to provide an overview of the sources and targets of ROS in different liver diseases and highlights the pivotal role of oxidative stress in cell death. In addition, current antioxidant therapies as treatment options for such disorders and their limitations for future trial design are discussed.
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15
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Xu C, Li H, Tang CK. Sterol carrier protein 2 in lipid metabolism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Pathophysiology, molecular biology, and potential clinical implications. Metabolism 2022; 131:155180. [PMID: 35311663 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as the most common chronic liver disease and has become a rapidly global public health problem. Sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP-2), also called non-specific lipid-transfer protein, is predominantly expressed by the liver. SCP-2 plays a key role in intracellular lipid transport and metabolism. SCP-2 has been closely implicated in the development of NAFLD-related metabolic disorders, such as obesity, atherosclerosis, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and gallstones. Recent studies indicate that SCP-2 plays a beneficial role in NAFLD by regulating cholesterol-, endocannabinoid-, and fatty acid-related aspects of lipid metabolism. Hence, in this paper, we summarize the latest findings about the roles of SCP-2 in hepatic steatosis and further describe its molecular function in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Heng Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
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16
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Hong DG, Song GY, Eom CB, Ahn JH, Kim SM, Shim A, Han YH, Roh YS, Han CY, Bae EJ, Ko HJ, Yang YM. Loss of ERdj5 exacerbates oxidative stress in mice with alcoholic liver disease via suppressing Nrf2. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 184:42-52. [PMID: 35390453 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease is the major cause of chronic liver diseases. Excessive alcohol intake results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ERdj5, a member of DNAJ family, is an ER-resident chaperone protein, whose role in alcoholic liver disease remains to be investigated. In this study, we aim to address the effect of ERdj5 on alcoholic liver disease and the underlying mechanism. Hepatic Dnajc10 (ERdj5) mRNA expression was elevated in both human and mouse alcoholic hepatitis. In mice subjected to chronic and binge ethanol feeding, ERdj5 levels were also markedly increased. Hepatic Dnajc10 correlated with Xbp1s mRNA. Tunicamycin, an ER stress inducer, increased ERdj5 levels. Dnajc10 knockout mice exhibited exacerbated alcohol-induced liver injury and hepatic steatosis. However, the macrophage numbers and chemokine levels were similar to those in wild-type mice. Depletion of Dnajc10 promoted oxidative stress. Ethanol feeding increased hepatic H2O2 levels, and these were further increased in Dnajc10 knockout mice. Additionally, Dnajc10-deficient hepatocytes produced large amounts of reactive oxygen species. Notably, Nrf2, a central regulator of oxidative stress, was decreased by depletion of Dnajc10 in the nuclear fraction of ethanol-treated mouse liver. Consistently, liver tissues from ethanol-fed Dnajc10 knockout mice had reduced expression of downstream antioxidant genes. Furthermore, hepatic glutathione content in the liver of knockout mice declined compared to wild-type mice. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ethanol-induced ERdj5 may regulate the Nrf2 pathway and glutathione contents, and have protective effects on liver damage and alcohol-mediated oxidative stress in mice. These suggest that ERdj5 has the potential to protect against alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gyun Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Yeon Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Bin Eom
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Ahn
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Myoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeri Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yeob Han
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Bae
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Ko
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Mee Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; KNU Researcher Training Program for Developing Anti-Viral Innovative Drugs, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Shi Q, Chen J, Zou X, Tang X. Intracellular Cholesterol Synthesis and Transport. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:819281. [PMID: 35386193 PMCID: PMC8978673 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.819281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis is related to multiple diseases in humans, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative and hepatic diseases. The cholesterol levels in cells are balanced dynamically by uptake, biosynthesis, transport, distribution, esterification, and export. In this review, we focus on de novo cholesterol synthesis, cholesterol synthesis regulation, and intracellular cholesterol trafficking. In addition, the progression of lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) at multiple contact sites between organelles is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Shi
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahuan Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaochun Tang,
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18
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Rauchbach E, Zeigerman H, Abu-Halaka D, Tirosh O. Cholesterol Induces Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Damage and Death in Hepatic Stellate Cells to Mitigate Liver Fibrosis in Mice Model of NASH. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030536. [PMID: 35326188 PMCID: PMC8944482 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis and its end-stage disease cirrhosis are major world health problems arising from chronic injury of the liver. In recent years, the hypothesis that hepatic stellate cells’ (HSCs’) activation and fibrosis can be mitigated by HSC apoptosis and cell death has become of interest. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of cholesterol and bile acids on HSC apoptosis and liver fibrosis. Male C57BL/6J mice (wild type), aged four to five weeks, were fed an AIN-93G based diet (normal diet, ND), ND diet + 1% (w/w) cholesterol (CHOL group), ND diet + 0.5% (w/w) cholic acid (CA group) or ND diet + 1% (w/w) cholesterol + 0.5% (w/w) cholic acid (CHOL + CA group). Female Mdr2(-/-) mice were also treated with ND with and without 1% cholesterol. The effect of cholesterol on liver fibrosis and HSC clearance was evaluated. In addition, we studied the mechanism of cholesterol-induced apoptosis in HSC-T6 and AML-12 hepatocyte cell lines. In animals treated with cholic acids, increased lipid peroxidation and fibrosis were observed after six weeks of treatment. However, addition of cholesterol to the diet of C57BL/6J mice led to HSC-specific apoptosis and resolution of liver fibrosis, verified by double-staining with active caspase and α smooth muscle actin antibodies. In Mdr2 (-/-) mice, a diet supplemented with cholesterol corrected fibrosis and induced active hepatic stellate cells’ clearance. HSC-T6 were found to be much more sensitive to cholesterol-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis compared to hepatocytes. These results indicate that cholesterol may be a trigger of HSC lipid peroxidation and death in the liver in a model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. A high cholesterol-to-bile acid ratio may determine the trajectory of the liver disease toward mitigation of fibrosis.
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He E, Ma Y, Kong L, Huang Y, Huang C, Yang W, Yi J, Zhu L. Suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated pathways and hepatocyte apoptosis participates in the attenuation of betulinic acid on alcohol-provoked liver injury in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:11489-11502. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BA protects against alcohol-induced liver damage through the alleviation of oxidative stress and suppression of ERS-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqi He
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Li Kong
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - You Huang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chunlin Huang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wenjiang Yang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jine Yi
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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20
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Dongiovanni P, Meroni M, Longo M, Fargion S, Fracanzani AL. Genetics, Immunity and Nutrition Boost the Switching from NASH to HCC. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1524. [PMID: 34829753 PMCID: PMC8614742 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading contributor to the global burden of chronic liver diseases. The phenotypic umbrella of NAFLD spans from simple and reversible steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may worsen into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Notwithstanding, HCC may develop also in the absence of advanced fibrosis, causing a delayed time in diagnosis as a consequence of the lack of HCC screening in these patients. The precise event cascade that may precipitate NASH into HCC is intricate and it entails diverse triggers, encompassing exaggerated immune response, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress, organelle derangement and DNA aberrancies. All these events may be accelerated by both genetic and environmental factors. On one side, common and rare inherited variations that affect hepatic lipid remodeling, immune microenvironment and cell survival may boost the switching from steatohepatitis to liver cancer, on the other, diet-induced dysbiosis as well as nutritional and behavioral habits may furtherly precipitate tumor onset. Therefore, dietary and lifestyle interventions aimed to restore patients' health contribute to counteract NASH progression towards HCC. Even more, the combination of therapeutic strategies with dietary advice may maximize benefits, with the pursuit to improve liver function and prolong survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Dongiovanni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Marica Meroni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Miriam Longo
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Fargion
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Anna Ludovica Fracanzani
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
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21
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Song Y, Liu J, Zhao K, Gao L, Zhao J. Cholesterol-induced toxicity: An integrated view of the role of cholesterol in multiple diseases. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1911-1925. [PMID: 34562355 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
High levels of cholesterol are generally considered to be associated with atherosclerosis. In the past two decades, however, a number of studies have shown that excess cholesterol accumulation in various tissues and organs plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Here, we summarize the effects of excess cholesterol on disease pathogenesis, including liver diseases, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, pituitary-thyroid axis dysfunction, immune disorders, and COVID-19, while proposing that excess cholesterol-induced toxicity is ubiquitous. We believe this concept will help broaden the appreciation of the toxic effect of excess cholesterol, and thus potentially expand the therapeutic use of cholesterol-lowering medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine & Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China.
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Kim JY, He F, Karin M. From Liver Fat to Cancer: Perils of the Western Diet. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1095. [PMID: 33806428 PMCID: PMC7961422 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer provides the prototypical example of an obesity-related cancer. The obesity epidemic gave rise to an enormous increase in the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition that affects one third of American adults. In about 20% of these individuals, simple liver steatosis (hepatosteatosis) progresses to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) characterized by chronic liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. In addition to liver failure, NASH greatly increases the risk of HCC. Here we discuss the metabolic processes that control the progression from NAFLD to NASH and from NASH to HCC, with a special emphasis on the role of free-non-esterified cholesterol in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Youn Kim
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Feng He
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
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Mitochondrial metabolism and calcium homeostasis in the development of NAFLD leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. Mitochondrion 2021; 58:24-37. [PMID: 33581332 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic syndrome characterized by excessive accumulation of hepatic lipid droplets. The disease progresses with steatosis as the premise for hepatocytic damage and tissue scarring, often culminating in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Perturbations in mitochondrial metabolism and energetics were found to be associated with, and often instrumental in various stages of this progression. Functional impairment of the mitochondria affects all aspects of cellular functioning and a particularly important one is calcium signalling. Changes in mitochondrial calcium specifically in hepatocytes of a fatty liver, is reflected by alterations in calcium signalling as well as calcium transporter activities. This deranged Ca2+ homeostasis aids in even more uptake of lipids into the mitochondria and a shift in equilibrium, both metabolically as well as in terms of energy production, leading to completely altered cellular states. These alterations have been reviewed as a perspective to understand the disease progression through NAFLD leading to HCC.
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24
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Morio B, Panthu B, Bassot A, Rieusset J. Role of mitochondria in liver metabolic health and diseases. Cell Calcium 2020; 94:102336. [PMID: 33387847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a major organ that coordinates the metabolic flexibility of the whole body, which is characterized by the ability to adapt dynamically in response to fluctuations in energy needs and supplies. In this context, hepatocyte mitochondria are key partners in fine-tuning metabolic flexibility. Here we review the metabolic and signalling pathways carried by mitochondria in the liver, the major pathways that regulate mitochondrial function and how they function in health and metabolic disorders associated to obesity, i.e. insulin resistance, non-alcoholic steatosis and steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, strategies targeting mitochondria to counteract liver disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Morio
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Lyon, France
| | | | - Arthur Bassot
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G2H7, Canada
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Larsen MC, Lee J, Jorgensen JS, Jefcoate CR. STARD1 Functions in Mitochondrial Cholesterol Metabolism and Nascent HDL Formation. Gene Expression and Molecular mRNA Imaging Show Novel Splicing and a 1:1 Mitochondrial Association. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:559674. [PMID: 33193082 PMCID: PMC7607000 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.559674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STARD1 moves cholesterol (CHOL) from the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) to the inner membrane (IMM) in steroidogenic cells. This activity is integrated into CHOL trafficking and synthesis homeostasis, involving uptake through SR-B1 and LDL receptors and distribution through endosomes, ER, and lipid droplets. In adrenal cells, STARD1 is imported into the mitochondrial matrix accompanied by delivery of several hundred CHOL molecules. This transfer limits CYP11A1-mediated generation of pregnenolone. CHOL transfer is coupled to translation of STARD1 mRNA at the OMM. In testis cells, slower CHOL trafficking seems to be limiting. STARD1 also functions in a slower process through ER OMM contacts. The START domain of STARD1 is utilized by a family of genes, which includes additional STARD (forms 3-6) and GRAMD1B proteins that transfer CHOL. STARD forms 2 and 7 deliver phosphatidylcholine. STARD1 and STARD7 target their respective activities to mitochondria, via N-terminal domains (NTD) of over 50 amino acids. The NTD is not essential for steroidogenesis but exerts tissue-selective enhancement (testis>>adrenal). Three conserved sites for cleavage by the mitochondrial processing protease (MPP) generate three forms, each potentially with specific functions, as demonstrated in STARD7. STARD1 is expressed in macrophage and cardiac repair fibroblasts. Additional functions include CHOL metabolism by CYP27A1 that directs activation of LXR and CHOL export processes. STARD1 generates 3.5- and 1.6-kb mRNA from alternative polyadenylation. The 3.5-kb form exclusively binds the PKA-induced regulator, TIS11b, which binds at conserved sites in the extended 3'UTR to control mRNA translation and turnover. STARD1 expression also exhibits a novel, slow splicing that delayed splicing delivery of mRNA to mitochondria. Stimulation of transcription by PKA is directed by suppression of SIK forms that activate a CRTC/CREB/CBP promoter complex. This process is critical to pulsatile hormonal activation in vivo. sm-FISH RNA imaging shows a flow of single STARD1 mRNA particles from asymmetric accumulations of primary transcripts at gene loci to 1:1 complex of 3.5-kb mRNA with peri-nuclear mitochondria. Adrenal cells are similar but distinguished from testis cells by appreciable basal expression prior to hormonal activation. This difference is conserved in culture and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Campaigne Larsen
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Joan S. Jorgensen
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Colin R. Jefcoate
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
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26
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Assiri MA, Ali HR, Marentette JO, Yun Y, Liu J, Hirschey MD, Saba LM, Harris PS, Fritz KS. Investigating RNA expression profiles altered by nicotinamide mononucleotide therapy in a chronic model of alcoholic liver disease. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:65. [PMID: 31823815 PMCID: PMC6902345 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic alcohol consumption is a significant cause of liver disease worldwide. Several biochemical mechanisms have been linked to the initiation and progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation, including the disruption of NAD+/NADH. Indeed, an ethanol-mediated reduction in hepatic NAD+ levels is thought to be one factor underlying ethanol-induced steatosis, oxidative stress, steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, and inhibition of gluconeogenesis. Therefore, we applied a NAD+ boosting supplement to investigate alterations in the pathogenesis of early-stage ALD. METHODS To examine the impact of NAD+ therapy on the early stages of ALD, we utilized nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) at 500 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection every other day, for the duration of a Lieber-DeCarli 6-week chronic ethanol model in mice. Numerous strategies were employed to characterize the effect of NMN therapy, including the integration of RNA-seq, immunoblotting, and metabolomics analysis. RESULTS Our findings reveal that NMN therapy increased hepatic NAD+ levels, prevented an ethanol-induced increase in plasma ALT and AST, and changed the expression of 25% of the genes that were modulated by ethanol metabolism. These genes were associated with a number of pathways including the MAPK pathway. Interestingly, our analysis revealed that NMN treatment normalized Erk1/2 signaling and prevented an induction of Atf3 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal previously unreported mechanisms by which NMN supplementation alters hepatic gene expression and protein pathways to impact ethanol hepatotoxicity in an early-stage murine model of ALD. Overall, our data suggest further research is needed to fully characterize treatment paradigms and biochemical implications of NAD+-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi R Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - John O Marentette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Youngho Yun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Matthew D Hirschey
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Laura M Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Peter S Harris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kristofer S Fritz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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27
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Anti-tumor effects and associated molecular mechanisms of myricetin. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109506. [PMID: 31586904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myricetin (3, 5, 7, 3', 4', 5'-hexahydroxyflavone) is a natural flavonol compound found in a large variety of plants, including berries, oranges, grapes, herbs, teas, and wine. In the last decade, a convergence of evidence has demonstrated that myricetin has good biological activity as an anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidation agent. In studies involving various types of cancer cells, myricetin has been shown to suppress cancer cell invasion and metastasis, to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells, and to inhibit their proliferation. These findings have raised interest in myricetin as a potential tumor inhibitor in human patients. In this review, evidence of myricetin's anti-tumor activity and its underlying molecular mechanisms published in the last decade are summarized.
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Zhang F, Wei J, Li X, Ma C, Gao Y. Early Candidate Urine Biomarkers for Detecting Alzheimer’s Disease Before Amyloid-β Plaque Deposition in an APP (swe)/PSEN1dE9 Transgenic Mouse Model. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 66:613-637. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-180412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanshuang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Normal University, Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xundou Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center; Joint Laboratory of Anesthesia and Pain, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youhe Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Normal University, Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
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29
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Mansouri A, Gattolliat CH, Asselah T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Signaling in Chronic Liver Diseases. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:629-647. [PMID: 30012333 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria regulate hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. Ultrastructural mitochondrial lesions, altered mitochondrial dynamics, decreased activity of respiratory chain complexes, and impaired ability to synthesize adenosine triphosphate are observed in liver tissues from patients with alcohol-associated and non-associated liver diseases. Increased lipogenesis with decreased fatty acid β-oxidation leads to the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes, which, combined with increased levels of reactive oxygen species, contributes to insulin resistance in patients with steatohepatitis. Moreover, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species mediate metabolic pathway signaling; alterations in these pathways affect development and progression of chronic liver diseases. Mitochondrial stress and lesions promote cell death, liver fibrogenesis, inflammation, and the innate immune responses to viral infections. We review the involvement of mitochondrial processes in development of chronic liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty, alcohol-associated, and drug-associated liver diseases, as well as hepatitis B and C, and discuss how they might be targeted therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Mansouri
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1149, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
| | - Charles-Henry Gattolliat
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1149, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tarik Asselah
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1149, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris, France; Department of Hepatology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France.
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30
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Sun J, Fu J, Li L, Chen C, Wang H, Hou Y, Xu Y, Pi J. Nrf2 in alcoholic liver disease. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 357:62-69. [PMID: 30165058 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality of liver disorders and a major health issue globally. ALD refers to a spectrum of liver pathologies ranging from steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Various mechanisms, including oxidative stress, protein and DNA modification, inflammation and impaired lipid metabolism, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALD. Further, reactive oxygen species (ROS) in particular, have been identified as a key component in the initiation and progression of ALD. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of the intracellular adaptive antioxidant response to oxidative stress, and aids in the detoxification of a variety of toxicants. Given its cytoprotective role, Nrf2 has been extensively studied as a therapeutic target for ALD. Paradoxically, however, emerging evidence have revealed that Nrf2 may be implicated in the progression of ALD. In this review, we summarize the role of Nrf2 in the development of ALD and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Clearly, more comprehensive studies with proper animal and cell models and in human are needed to verify the potential therapeutic role of Nrf2 in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Jingqi Fu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China.
| | - Lu Li
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Chengjie Chen
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Yongyong Hou
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China.
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31
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Li H, Xu W, Jiang L, Gu H, Li M, Zhang J, Guo W, Deng P, Long H, Bu Q, Tian J, Zhao Y, Cen X. Lipidomic signature of serum from the rats exposed to alcohol for one year. Toxicol Lett 2018; 294:166-176. [PMID: 29758358 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol abuse and its related diseases are the major risk factors for human health. Although the mechanism of alcohol-related disorders has been widely investigated, serum metabolites associated with long-term alcohol intake have not been well explored. In this study, we aimed to investigate the profiles of serum metabolites and lipid species of rats chronically exposed to alcohol, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated disease. An 1H NMR-based metabolomics and Q-TOF/MS-based lipidomics approach were applied to investigate the profile of serum metabolites and lipid species of rats administrated daily with alcohol (12% vol/vol, 10 ml/kg per day, i.g.) for one year continuously. The rats administered with sterile water (10 ml/kg per day, i.g.) were used as control. We found that alcohol affected mostly the lipid species rather than small molecule metabolites in the serum of both female and male rats. Among the modified lipids, glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid and glycerolipids metabolism pathways were profoundly altered. The prominent changes in lipid profiles included diacylglycerol (DG), lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and triacylglycerol (TG). Moreover, fatty-acyl profile of lipids and total degree of unsaturation of fatty acid were also significantly altered by alcohol. The modified lipidomic profile may help to understand the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated diseases and also be of value for clinical evaluation of alcohol abuse, alcohol-associated disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Xu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linhong Jiang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui Gu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Menglu Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiamei Zhang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Guo
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Pharmacy, Yantai University, State Key Laboratory of Long-Acting and Targeting Drug Delivery Technologies, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Pengchi Deng
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hailei Long
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Bu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jingwei Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Yantai University, State Key Laboratory of Long-Acting and Targeting Drug Delivery Technologies, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
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32
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Zhou J, Zhang J, Wang C, Qu S, Zhu Y, Yang Z, Wang L. Açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) attenuates alcohol-induced liver injury in rats by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:166-172. [PMID: 29399060 PMCID: PMC5769297 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (EO) on alcoholic liver diseases (ALD). A total of 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (10 rats per group), including alcohol group (alcohol intake), EO group (alcohol + EO puree intake) and control group (distilled water intake). The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the levels of cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in the serum as well as the liver tissue levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were measured. Histopathological changes in liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR analysis was performed for detecting the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and CD68. The results indicated that EO intake significantly decreased ALT, AST, ALP, TG and CHO as well as the hepatic index in alcohol-treated rats. In addition, EO treatment relieved alcohol-induced oxidative stress by decreasing the levels of MDA and TG, and increasing the activity of SOD and GSH levels. In addition, the expression of TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-8, NF-κB and CD-68 in the liver were decreased by EO treatment. Furthermore, EO intake alleviated the histopathological liver damage, including severe steatosis and abundant infiltrated inflammatory cells. In conclusion, EO alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury in rats by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Clinical Pharmacology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Clinical Pharmacology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Clinical Pharmacology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Shengsheng Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Clinical Pharmacology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yingli Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Clinical Pharmacology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Linyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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33
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Sericin improves heart and liver mitochondrial architecture in hypercholesterolaemic rats and maintains pancreatic and adrenal cell biosynthesis. Exp Cell Res 2017; 358:301-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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34
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Liang H, Huang H, Tan PZ, Liu Y, Nie JH, Zhang YT, Zhang KL, Diao Y, He Q, Hou BY, Zhao TT, Li YZ, Lv GX, Lee KY, Gao X, Zhou LY. Effect of iron on cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase expression in alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis in mice. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1548-1560. [PMID: 28536109 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m074534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both iron and lipids are involved in the progression of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), but the interaction between iron and lipids in AFLD is unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that iron regulates the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism through iron regulatory proteins (IRPs), which interact with the iron-responsive elements (IREs) in the untranslated regions (UTRs) of genes, resulting in lipid accumulation. Using "RNA structure software", we predicted the mRNA secondary structures of more than 100 genes involved in lipid metabolism to investigate whether the IRE structure exists in novel mRNAs. Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) has an IRE-like stem-loop, a noncanonical IRE structure, in its 3'-UTR. Cyp7a1 expression can be regulated by in vivo and in vitro iron treatment. In addition, the noncanonical IRE motif can efficiently bind both to IRP1 and IRP2. The results indicate that hepatic iron overloading in AFLD mice decreased Cyp7a1 expression and resulted in cholesterol accumulation, providing a new mechanism of iron-regulated gene transcription and translation through the interaction between iron and a noncanonical IRE structure in Cyp7a1 mRNA. This finding has significant implications in studying a proposed mechanism for the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis by an Fe/IRP/noncanonical IRE axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Pei-Zhu Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China; Experiment Center of Biotechnology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jun-Hui Nie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Yi-Tong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai-Li Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Diao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Bao-Yu Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Ze Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China.
| | - Gui-Xiang Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China.
| | - Ling-Yun Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Translational Medicine Center of Northern China, Harbin, China
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35
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Qiao Y, Badduke C, Tang F, Cowieson D, Martell S, Lewis SME, Peñaherrera MS, Robinson WP, Volchuk A, Rajcan-Separovic E. Whole exome sequencing of families with 1q21.1 microdeletion or microduplication. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1782-1791. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qiao
- Department of Pathology; University of British Columbia (UBC); Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Chansonette Badduke
- Department of Pathology; University of British Columbia (UBC); Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Flamingo Tang
- Department of Pathology; University of British Columbia (UBC); Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - David Cowieson
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics-Metabolism Toronto General Research Institute; University Health Network; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Sally Martell
- Department of Pathology; University of British Columbia (UBC); Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | | | - Maria S. Peñaherrera
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics; UBC; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Wendy P. Robinson
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics; UBC; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Allen Volchuk
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science; St. Michael's Hospital; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Evica Rajcan-Separovic
- Department of Pathology; University of British Columbia (UBC); Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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Torres S, Matías N, Baulies A, Nuñez S, Alarcon-Vila C, Martinez L, Nuño N, Fernandez A, Caballeria J, Levade T, Gonzalez-Franquesa A, Garcia-Rovés P, Balboa E, Zanlungo S, Fabrías G, Casas J, Enrich C, Garcia-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Mitochondrial GSH replenishment as a potential therapeutic approach for Niemann Pick type C disease. Redox Biol 2017; 11:60-72. [PMID: 27888692 PMCID: PMC5123076 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Niemann Pick type C (NPC) disease is a progressive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in genes encoding NPC1/NPC2 proteins, characterized by neurological defects, hepatosplenomegaly and premature death. While the primary biochemical feature of NPC disease is the intracellular accumulation of cholesterol and gangliosides, predominantly in endolysosomes, mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation has also been reported. As accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria is known to impair the transport of GSH into mitochondria, resulting in mitochondrial GSH (mGSH) depletion, we investigated the impact of mGSH recovery in NPC disease. We show that GSH ethyl ester (GSH-EE), but not N-acetylcysteine (NAC), restored the mGSH pool in liver and brain of Npc1-/- mice and in fibroblasts from NPC patients, while both GSH-EE and NAC increased total GSH levels. GSH-EE but not NAC increased the median survival and maximal life span of Npc1-/- mice. Moreover, intraperitoneal therapy with GSH-EE protected against oxidative stress and oxidant-induced cell death, restored calbindin levels in cerebellar Purkinje cells and reversed locomotor impairment in Npc1-/- mice. High-resolution respirometry analyses revealed that GSH-EE improved oxidative phosphorylation, coupled respiration and maximal electron transfer in cerebellum of Npc1-/- mice. Lipidomic analyses showed that GSH-EE treatment had not effect in the profile of most sphingolipids in liver and brain, except for some particular species in brain of Npc1-/- mice. These findings indicate that the specific replenishment of mGSH may be a potential promising therapy for NPC disease, worth exploring alone or in combination with other options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Torres
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Matías
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Baulies
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Nuñez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Alarcon-Vila
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Martinez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Nuño
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Fernandez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Caballeria
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thierry Levade
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancerologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alba Gonzalez-Franquesa
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Garcia-Rovés
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Balboa
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gemma Fabrías
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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Perepelkina NI, Fialkovskaya LA, Kolomiytseva IK. The effect of hibernation on lipids of the liver mitochondrial fraction in the Yakut ground squirrel Spermophilus undulatus. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350917020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Krishnasamy Y, Ramshesh VK, Gooz M, Schnellmann RG, Lemasters JJ, Zhong Z. Ethanol and High Cholesterol Diet Causes Severe Steatohepatitis and Early Liver Fibrosis in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163342. [PMID: 27676640 PMCID: PMC5038945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Because ethanol consumption is commonly associated with a high cholesterol diet, we examined whether combined consumption of ethanol and high cholesterol increases liver injury and fibrosis. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were fed diets containing: 1) 35% of calories from corn oil (CTR), 2) CTR plus 0.5% (w/v) cholesterol (Chol), 3) CTR plus ethanol (27% of calories) (EtOH), or 4) EtOH+Chol for 3 months. Results In mice fed Chol or EtOH alone, ALT increased to ~160 U/L, moderate hepatic steatosis occurred, and leukocyte infiltration, necrosis, and apoptosis increased modestly, but no observable fibrosis developed. By contrast in mice fed EtOH+Chol, ALT increased to ~270 U/L, steatosis was more extensive and mostly macrovesicular, and expression of proinflammatory molecules (HMGB-1, TLR4, TNFα, ICAM-1) and leukocyte infiltration increased substantially. Necrosis and apoptosis also increased. Trichrome staining and second harmonic generation microscopy revealed hepatic fibrosis. Fibrosis was mostly sinusoidal and/or perivenular, but in some mice bridging fibrosis occurred. Expression of smooth muscle α-actin and TGF-β1 increased slightly by Chol, moderately by EtOH, and markedly by EtOH+Chol. TGF-β pseudoreceptor BAMBI increased slightly by Chol, remained unchanged by EtOH and decreased by EtOH+Chol. MicroRNA-33a, which enhances TGF-β fibrotic effects, and phospho-Smad2/3, the down-stream signal of TGF-β, also increased more greatly by EtOH+Chol than Chol or EtOH. Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 were decreased only by EtOH+Chol. Conclusion High dietary cholesterol and chronic ethanol consumption synergistically increase liver injury, inflammation, and profibrotic responses and suppress antifibrotic responses, leading to severe steatohepatitis and early fibrosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasodha Krishnasamy
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Venkat K. Ramshesh
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Monika Gooz
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rick G. Schnellmann
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - John J. Lemasters
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Institute of Theoretical & Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Zhi Zhong
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Elustondo P, Martin LA, Karten B. Mitochondrial cholesterol import. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1862:90-101. [PMID: 27565112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
All animal subcellular membranes require cholesterol, which influences membrane fluidity and permeability, fission and fusion processes, and membrane protein function. The distribution of cholesterol among subcellular membranes is highly heterogeneous and the cholesterol content of each membrane must be carefully regulated. Compared to other subcellular membranes, mitochondrial membranes are cholesterol-poor, particularly the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). As a result, steroidogenesis can be controlled through the delivery of cholesterol to the IMM, where it is converted to pregnenolone. The low basal levels of cholesterol also make mitochondria sensitive to changes in cholesterol content, which can have a relatively large impact on the biophysical and functional characteristics of mitochondrial membranes. Increased mitochondrial cholesterol levels have been observed in diverse pathological conditions including cancer, steatohepatitis, Alzheimer disease and Niemann-Pick Type C1-deficiency, and are associated with increased oxidative stress, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, and changes in the susceptibility to apoptosis, among other alterations in mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are not included in the vesicular trafficking network; therefore, cholesterol transport to mitochondria is mostly achieved through the activity of lipid transfer proteins at membrane contact sites or by cytosolic, diffusible lipid transfer proteins. Here we will give an overview of the main mechanisms involved in mitochondrial cholesterol import, focusing on the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein StAR/STARD1 and other members of the StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domain protein family, and we will discuss how changes in mitochondrial cholesterol levels can arise and affect mitochondrial function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipids of Mitochondria edited by Guenther Daum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Elustondo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Laura A Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Barbara Karten
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
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Xu Y, Xie Q, Wu S, Yi D, Yu Y, Liu S, Li S, Li Z. Myricetin induces apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress and DNA double-strand breaks in human ovarian cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2094-100. [PMID: 26782830 PMCID: PMC4768956 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying myricetin-induced cancer cell apoptosis remain to be elucidated. Certain previous studies have shown that myricetin induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Apoptosis, however, can also be induced by other classical pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The aim of the present study was to assess whether these two apoptotic pathways are involved in myricetin-induced cell death in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. The results revealed that treatment with myricetin inhibited viability of SKOV3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Myricetin induced nuclear chromatin condensation and fragmentation, and also upregulated the protein levels of active caspase 3 in a time-dependent manner. In addition, myricetin upregulated ER stress-associated proteins, glucose-regulated protein-78 and C/EBP homologous protein in SKOV3 cells. Phosphorylation of H2AX, a marker of DNA DSBs, was revealed to be upregulated in myricetin-treated cells. The data indicated that myricetin induces DNA DSBs and ER stress, which leads to apoptosis in SKOV3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xu
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Changchun, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Qi Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Changchun, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yi
- Medical Examination Center, Jilin Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 132010, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Changchun, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Shibing Liu
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Changchun, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Songyan Li
- Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Changchun, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jilin Medical University, Changchun, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
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Recent insights on the role of cholesterol in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1765-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ji C. Advances and New Concepts in Alcohol-Induced Organelle Stress, Unfolded Protein Responses and Organ Damage. Biomolecules 2015; 5:1099-121. [PMID: 26047032 PMCID: PMC4496712 DOI: 10.3390/biom5021099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is a simple and consumable biomolecule yet its excessive consumption disturbs numerous biological pathways damaging nearly all organs of the human body. One of the essential biological processes affected by the harmful effects of alcohol is proteostasis, which regulates the balance between biogenesis and turnover of proteins within and outside the cell. A significant amount of published evidence indicates that alcohol and its metabolites directly or indirectly interfere with protein homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causing an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins, which triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) leading to either restoration of homeostasis or cell death, inflammation and other pathologies under severe and chronic alcohol conditions. The UPR senses the abnormal protein accumulation and activates transcription factors that regulate nuclear transcription of genes related to ER function. Similarly, this kind of protein stress response can occur in other cellular organelles, which is an evolving field of interest. Here, I review recent advances in the alcohol-induced ER stress response as well as discuss new concepts on alcohol-induced mitochondrial, Golgi and lysosomal stress responses and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ji
- GI/Liver Division, Research Center for Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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