1
|
Zimmermann J, Kliewer-Neumann J, Bovenschen I, Lang K, Gabler S, Nowacki K, Spangler G. Predictors of the rate and course of reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder symptoms in foster children during the first year of placement. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 154:106872. [PMID: 38850747 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to adverse care experiences, foster children are at risk for developing symptoms of reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED). OBJECTIVE This study investigated the factors influencing rate and course of RAD and DSED symptoms during the first year of placement in long-term foster care. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The sample consisted of 55 foster children aged 1 to 6 years. Measurements were taken at placement as well as 6 and 12 months after placement. METHODS RAD and DSED symptoms were assessed with the Disturbance of Attachment Interview (DAI). DSED symptoms were also assessed by observation with the Rating of Infant Stranger Engagement (RISE). Foster parents and caseworkers reported on children's preplacement experiences and placement characteristics. RESULTS RAD symptoms were rare at Wave 1 (5.5 %) and remitted in most children within the first six months of placement, t(54) = 3.06, p = .003. A total of 30.9 % of the foster children presented DSED symptoms according to the DAI, but only 5.5 % of the children according to the RISE. Foster parents reported symptom reduction, t(54) = 3.71, p = .003, while observational data indicated symptom stability. Prior placement in emergency foster care was associated with lower levels of RAD at Wave 1, F(1.62, 80.88) = 7.80, p = .002, while later placed children presented more RAD and DSED symptoms (RRAD2 = 0.07, RDSED2 = 0.08, RRISE2 = 0.12). Psychopathology of the biological parents (RRAD2 = 0.07, RDSED2 = 0.08) and visitation with the biological parents (RRISE2 = 0.14) predicted symptom stability. CONCLUSION A substantial number of foster children present persistent DSED symptoms indicating a need for evidenced based interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janin Zimmermann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute for Psychology, Department for Developmental Psychology and Educational Psychology, Nägelsbachstraße 49a, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; German Youth Institute, Department for Families and Family Policies, Nockherstraße 2, 81541 Munich, Germany.
| | - Josephine Kliewer-Neumann
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Dortmund, Applied Social Sciences, Emil-Figge-Straße 38-44, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Ruhr-University Bochum, Research and Treatment Center for Mental Health, Center for Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy, Massenbergstraße 9-13, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ina Bovenschen
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute for Psychology, Department for Developmental Psychology and Educational Psychology, Nägelsbachstraße 49a, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; German Youth Institute, Department for Families and Family Policies, Nockherstraße 2, 81541 Munich, Germany.
| | - Katrin Lang
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute for Psychology, Department for Developmental Psychology and Educational Psychology, Nägelsbachstraße 49a, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; Child Guidance Center, Ingolstadt, Gabelsbergerstr. 46, 85057 Ingolstadt, Germany
| | - Sandra Gabler
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute for Psychology, Department for Developmental Psychology and Educational Psychology, Nägelsbachstraße 49a, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Katja Nowacki
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Dortmund, Applied Social Sciences, Emil-Figge-Straße 38-44, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Gottfried Spangler
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute for Psychology, Department for Developmental Psychology and Educational Psychology, Nägelsbachstraße 49a, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singh MK, Gorelik AJ, Stave C, Gotlib IH. Genetics, epigenetics, and neurobiology of childhood-onset depression: an umbrella review. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:553-565. [PMID: 38102485 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a serious and persistent psychiatric disorder that commonly first manifests during childhood. Depression that starts in childhood is increasing in frequency, likely due both to evolutionary trends and to increased recognition of the disorder. In this umbrella review, we systematically searched the extant literature for genetic, epigenetic, and neurobiological factors that contribute to a childhood onset of depression. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, OVID/PsychInfo, and Google Scholar with the following inclusion criteria: (1) systematic review or meta-analysis from a peer-reviewed journal; (2) inclusion of a measure assessing early age of onset of depression; and (3) assessment of neurobiological, genetic, environmental, and epigenetic predictors of early onset depression. Findings from 89 systematic reviews of moderate to high quality suggest that childhood-onset depressive disorders have neurobiological, genetic, environmental, and epigenetic roots consistent with a diathesis-stress theory of depression. This review identified key putative markers that may be targeted for personalized clinical decision-making and provide important insights concerning candidate mechanisms that might underpin the early onset of depression.
Collapse
|
3
|
Handley ED, Russotti J, Ross AJ, Toth SL, Cicchetti D. A person-centered data analytic approach to dopaminergic polygenic moderation of child maltreatment exposure. Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22403. [PMID: 37338249 PMCID: PMC10287038 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study illustrates the utility of latent class analysis, a person-centered data analytic approach, as an innovative method for identifying naturally occurring patterns of polygenic risk, specifically within the dopaminergic system. Moreover, this study tests whether latent classes of polygenic variation moderate the effect of child maltreatment exposure on internalizing symptoms among African ancestry youth. African ancestry youth were selected for this study because youth of color are overrepresented in the child welfare system and because African ancestry individuals are significantly underrepresented in genomics research. Results identified three latent classes of dopaminergic gene variation. Class 1 was marked predominately by homozygous minor alleles, Class 2 was characterized by homozygous major and heterozygous presentations, and Class 3 was marked by heterozygous alleles on the DAT-1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a combination of homozygous major and minor alleles on the other SNPs. Results indicated that a greater number of maltreatment subtypes experienced were associated with higher internalizing symptoms only for children with the latent polygenic Class 2 pattern. This latent class was distinctly characterized by more homozygous major or heterozygous allelic presentations along all three DAT-1 SNPs. This significant latent polygenic class by environment interaction was replicated in an independent replication sample. Together, findings suggest that African ancestry children with a pattern of dopaminergic variation characterized by this specific combination of polygenic variation are more vulnerable to developing internalizing symptoms following maltreatment exposure, relative to their peers with other dopamine-related polygenic patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dante Cicchetti
- Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester
- University of Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cooke EM, Connolly EJ, Boisvert DL, Hayes BE. A Systematic Review of the Biological Correlates and Consequences of Childhood Maltreatment and Adverse Childhood Experiences. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:156-173. [PMID: 34105421 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211021613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment (CM) and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are two primary forms of interpersonal victimization that have been associated with a host of deleterious health outcomes. Studies over the past decade have begun to use a range of biologically informed methods to better understand the role biology plays in the relationship between CM, ACEs, and later life outcomes. This line of research has shown that both forms of victimization occur at sensitive periods of development, which can increase the likelihood of "getting under the skin" and influence health and behavior across the life course. This review examines the current state of knowledge on this hypothesis. One hundred and ninety-nine studies are included in this systematic review based on criteria that they be written in English, use a biologically informed method, and be conducted on samples of humans. Results reveal that latent additive genetic influences, biological system functioning captured by biomarkers, polygenic risk scores, and neurobiological factors are commonly associated with exposure and response to CM and ACEs. The implication of these findings for the existing body of research on early life victimization and recommendations for future research and policy are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Cooke
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, 4038Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Eric J Connolly
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, 4038Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Danielle L Boisvert
- Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, 4038Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Brittany E Hayes
- School of Criminal Justice, 2514University of Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhan X, Li K, Zheng Y, Yang G, Luo X. A chain multiple mediation model reveals the association between abuse and depression in Chinese adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1023749. [PMID: 36466489 PMCID: PMC9714438 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1023749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a common mental disorder in Chinese adolescents. Identifying its risk factors will facilitate early prevention. As abuse is reported to be a great risk factor of depression, it is necessary to identify factors mediating the relation between abuse and depression. Objective This study aims to investigate the association between abuse and depression by investigating the mediating role of academic stress, social anxiety, and generalized anxiety to offer insights for depression prevention. Participants and setting We investigated adolescents in urban and rural areas in Wansheng District of Chongqing city in China. This study included a total of 14,108 students from secondary and primary schools, among whom 7,086 were men (50.2%) and 7,022 were women (49.8%). The participants aged from 11 to 17 with an average age of 13.58 (M = 13.58, SD = 1.86). Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the participants between October and December in 2020. The following questionnaires were adopted: DSM-5 Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents, DSM-5 Severity Measure for Generalized Anxiety Disorder, The International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect Child Abuse Screening Tool, DSM-5 Severity Measure for Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia), and Study Stress Scale. Results The lifetime prevalence of abuse was high in Chinese adolescents. The direct effect value from abuse to depression was 0.05, the total mediating effect value was 0.14, and the overall effect value was 0.19. According to the mediating effect analysis, the direct and indirect effects from abuse to depression were significant, and the mediating effect accounted for 73.68% of the total effect, suggesting that 73.68% of the effects of abuse to depression are mediated by academic stress, social anxiety, and generalized anxiety. Conclusions Academic stress, social anxiety and generalized anxiety play a chain multiple mediating role in the association between abuse and depression, which sheds light on the prevention of depression in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhan
- Department of Medical English, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kuiliang Li
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingcan Zheng
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoyu Yang
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,Guoyu Yang
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Medical English, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Xi Luo
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morello L, Caputi M, Scaini S, Forresi B. Parenting Programs to Reduce Recurrence of Child Maltreatment in the Family Environment: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013283. [PMID: 36293863 PMCID: PMC9603684 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Physical maltreatment is a public health issue affecting millions of children in their lifetime, with a high risk of recurrency. Although there are several parenting programs (PPs) available, existing reviews on their effectiveness in preventing physical abuse recurrences have many limitations. The current systematic review aims at (1) providing a summary of evidence on the effectiveness of behavioral/cognitive-behavioral PPs in preventing physical re-abuse; (2) extending previous reviews by including reduction of child maltreatment recurrence as the main outcome but also focusing on the effect of PPs on maltreatment risk, parent and child psychopathology, and parent-child relationship; and (3) including only RCT with at least one follow-up. A PRISMA-compliant systematic review was performed in the EBSCOhost and PUBMED databases. In total, 93 articles were identified, of which 8 were included in the review. Among them, three reported a significant reduction in recidivism rates and maltreatment risk, and five improvements in parent-child relationships. Although limitations arise from methodological heterogeneity across studies, there is some evidence that some brief and manualized cognitive behavioral PPs can reduce the recurrence of child physical maltreatment and improve parent-child relationships. More studies are needed to give further support to PP effectiveness in protecting children from recurrent maltreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Morello
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Marcella Caputi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Weiss 21, 34128 Trieste, Italy
| | - Simona Scaini
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Forresi
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Condon EM, Dettmer A, Baker E, McFaul C, Stover CS. Early Life Adversity and Males: Biology, Behavior, and Implications for Fathers' Parenting. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 135:104531. [PMID: 35063493 PMCID: PMC9236197 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fathers have an important and unique influence on child development, but influences on fathers' parenting have been vastly understudied in the scientific literature. In particular, very little empirical research exists on the effects of early life adversity (ELA; e.g. childhood maltreatment, parental separation) on later parenting among fathers. In this review, we draw from both the human and non-human animal literature to examine the effects of ELA, specifically among males, in the following areas: 1) neurobiology and neurocognitive functioning, 2) hormones and hormone receptors, 3) gene-environment interactions and epigenetics, and 4) behavior and development. Based on these findings, we present a conceptual model to describe the biological and behavioral pathways through which exposure to ELA may influence parenting among males, with a goal of guiding future research and intervention development in this area. Empirical studies are needed to improve understanding of the relationship between ELA and father's parenting, inform the development of paternal and biparental interventions, and prevent intergenerational transmission of ELA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eileen M Condon
- University of Connecticut School of Nursing, 231 Glenbrook Rd, Storrs CT 06269, United States; Yale Early Stress and Adversity Consortium, United States.
| | - Amanda Dettmer
- Yale Early Stress and Adversity Consortium, United States; Yale Child Study Center, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Ellie Baker
- Yale Child Study Center, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States; Division of Psychology and Language Science, University College London (UCL), 26 Bedford Way, Bloomsbury, London WC1H 0AP, United Kingdom
| | - Ciara McFaul
- Yale Child Study Center, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Carla Smith Stover
- Yale Early Stress and Adversity Consortium, United States; Yale Child Study Center, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li K, Zhan X, Ren L, Liu N, Zhang L, Li L, Chen T, Feng Z, Luo X. The Association of Abuse and Depression With Suicidal Ideation in Chinese Adolescents: A Network Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:853951. [PMID: 35418891 PMCID: PMC8995894 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.853951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abuse experiences in adolescents are associated with the risk of depression and suicide. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop prevention and intervention measures for clinicians, policymakers, and researchers. METHODS Network analysis method was used to analyze the cross-sectional data of Chinese adolescents in this study. The Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A) was used for assessing depression, in which item 9 of the PHQ-A was used to assess suicide ideation, and International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool-Children's Home Version (ICAST-CH) was used for assessing abuse. RESULTS The prevalence of suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents was 21.46% (95% CI, 20.79-22.16%). The prevalence of moderate or severe depression was 16.76%, and the prevalence of violence exposure, psychological victimization, neglect, and physical victimization was 33.5%, 59.5%, 28.37%, and 31.51% in the past years, respectively. Network analysis results showed that the most central nodes in the network of abuse and depression were "unimportant," "not cared," and "pushed." The bridge nodes were "suicidal ideation" and "unimportant." The nodes "sadness," "failure," and "unimportant" explained the largest proportion of the variance of suicidal ideation in our network. Differences were found in the structure of both abuse and depression networks between adolescents with or without suicidal ideation. LIMITATIONS The self-reporting-based cross-sectional surveys and community sample groups limit the inference of causality and the generalization of the results. CONCLUSION This study shows that "unimportant" is the central and bridge nodes in the abuse and depression networks and also explains a part of variance of suicidal ideation. The effect of "unimportant" should be considered in the prevention and intervention of depression and suicide in adolescents with abuse experience. Future study is needed to confirm its role in clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuiliang Li
- Department of Medical English, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhan
- Department of Medical English, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Health Examination, People's Hospital of Wansheng Economic Development Zone, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Medical English, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of General Education, Chong Qing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Health Examination, People's Hospital of Wansheng Economic Development Zone, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengzhi Feng
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Medical English, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Granados AV, Sabogal JC, Muñoz P, Caicedo JC, Martínez-Cotrina J, Aponte Canencio M. Ethogram of non-verbal behaviours associated with emotional regulation and stress response in children and adolescents with complex trauma. BEHAVIOUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Complex trauma is a clinical concept developed to address the nature and effects of interpersonal traumatic experiences over the development of children and adolescents. To contribute to the development of ecologically valid diagnostic tools and a better understanding of the effects of complex trauma, an ethogram of emotional regulation and stress response behaviours was proposed and used as the main instrument in the Crossed-Puzzles Game. In total 84 children and adolescents aged 6–14 (50% of children with complex trauma in state protective care) were selected from institutions and the community. Both groups were matched by age, sex, and socioeconomic status. PCA, PERMANOVA, Mann-Whitney’s U, Pearson correlations, and logistic regression analyses were performed. The ethogram’s category ‘Externalising of frustration’ was identified as one of the strongest predictors for the complex trauma group. The ethogram’s validity as a research and assessment instrument from a clinical ethology perspective of complex trauma in psychology was discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pablo Muñoz
- Department of Psychology, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Caicedo
- Area of Health, Medical Knowledge and Society from the Research Center on Social Dynamics (CIDS), Externado University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Jorge Martínez-Cotrina
- Area of Health, Medical Knowledge and Society from the Research Center on Social Dynamics (CIDS), Externado University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Sciences and Human Processes (LINCIPH), Externado University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Aponte Canencio
- Area of Health, Medical Knowledge and Society from the Research Center on Social Dynamics (CIDS), Externado University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tubman JG, Oshri A, Duprey EB, Sutton TE. Childhood maltreatment, psychiatric symptoms, and suicidal thoughts among adolescents receiving substance use treatment services. J Adolesc 2021; 89:18-27. [PMID: 33839366 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood maltreatment experiences are associated with future suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts, yet the roles of specific psychiatric symptoms mediating this relation remain to be clarified. To clarify these relations, we tested a model incorporating multiple forms of childhood maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical punishment, emotional neglect), past year psychiatric disorder symptoms during adolescence (anxiety, mood, and conduct disorders) and recent suicidal thoughts. METHODS We administered structured interviews to 394 adolescents receiving outpatient substance use treatment services in the Southeastern United States (280 males; Mage = 16.33; SDage = 1.15). Structural equation models (SEMs) were used to evaluate the degree to which relations between childhood maltreatment and suicidal thoughts were mediated by specific past-year psychiatric symptoms. RESULTS Mood disorder symptoms significantly mediated the relation between neglect/negative home environment and suicidal thoughts. This path of influence did not vary by gender. CONCLUSIONS Childhood maltreatment and subsequent psychopathology influence suicidal thoughts among adolescents receiving substance use treatment services. The findings of the present study have implications for the adaptation and delivery of substance use treatment services to adolescents to enhance treatment engagement and outcomes.
Collapse
|
11
|
Tian T, Li J, Zhang G, Wang J, Liu D, Wan C, Fang J, Wu D, Zhou Y, Qin Y, Zhu W. Default Mode Network Alterations Induced by Childhood Trauma Correlate With Emotional Function and SLC6A4 Expression. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:760411. [PMID: 35153849 PMCID: PMC8828908 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.760411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most studied resting-state functional networks, default mode network (DMN) is related to pathogenesis in neuropsychiatry. However, it is unclear whether changed DMN connectivity is transformed into vulnerability to psychopathology in adults who experienced childhood trauma, and what is the underlying genetic basis. Exploring the effect of DMN on environment-behavior pathway and the related genetic modulation mechanisms could further a better understanding of psychiatric pathogenesis and early prevention strategy. Two hundred and sixteen young adults with varying levels of early trauma indexed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were recruited from the community. Static and dynamic functional connectivity based on DMN seeds and independent component analysis based on whole-brain voxels were combined to explore DMN alterations related to the CTQ score. Relationships between CTQ score, DMN connectivity, and behavioral scores were confirmed by mediation effect analysis. Imaging-genomic correlations were further used to identify risk genes whose expression was associated with the DMN changes. Dysregulated DMN connectivity was found both in seed-level and voxel-level analyses. Moreover, the functional disruption in the left temporal pole, right parahippocampal gyrus, and frontoparietal connectivity mediated the effects of childhood trauma on emotional behavior. The serotonin transporter gene was identified and might suggest the biological underpinning of the relationship between childhood trauma, DMN, and emotion regulation. Changed DMN may be useful as biomarkers to provide a powerful supplement to psychological evaluation related to childhood trauma. Combined with gene expression profiles, our findings advance a more integrative understanding of DMN alterations induced by childhood trauma, and clarify its implications for psychiatric pathogenesis and early prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiling Zhang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changhua Wan
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jicheng Fang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiran Zhou
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Iverson GL, Williams MW, Gardner AJ, Terry DP. Systematic Review of Preinjury Mental Health Problems as a Vulnerability Factor for Worse Outcome After Sport-Related Concussion. Orthop J Sports Med 2020; 8:2325967120950682. [PMID: 33614790 PMCID: PMC7871078 DOI: 10.1177/2325967120950682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: It is difficult to predict who will experience prolonged health problems after sustaining a sport-related concussion. Purpose: To synthesize the literature and conduct a gap analysis on the association between preinjury mental health problems and clinical outcome from sport-related concussion. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Data sources were PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE (and MEDLINE in Process), CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies published before February 2019 that addressed preinjury mental health problems as a possible predictor of worse clinical outcome or clinical recovery from concussion were eligible for inclusion. Results: Of 4013 studies screened, 358 full texts were reviewed, and 12 studies involving 3761 participants (n = 471 [12.5%] with preexisting mental health problems) were ultimately included. The participants with a preinjury history of mental health problems were at greater risk for having persistent symptoms or worse outcome in 9 of 12 studies. The studies had major methodological differences, and most studies were not focused on mental health as a primary predictor or prognostic factor. Rather, they included it as a secondary or tertiary predictor. The sample sizes with preinjury mental health problems in most studies were small or very small (ie, <25). The age of onset, type, course, severity, and duration of mental health problems were not defined. The extent to which mental health problems were present before the season, during baseline testing, was not reported. Conclusion: Preinjury mental health problems appear to confer risk for worse clinical outcome after sport-related concussion. Future research is needed to (1) examine this risk factor in large representative populations of middle school students, high school students, and collegiate athletes; (2) quantify the risk for each mental health condition; (3) understand the mechanisms underlying this increased risk; and (4) develop more refined treatment and rehabilitation approaches for these student-athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grant L Iverson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Spaulding Research Institute, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,MassGeneral Hospital for Children Sports Concussion Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Gardner
- Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle; Hunter New England Local Health District Sports Concussion Program, Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Douglas P Terry
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,MassGeneral Hospital for Children Sports Concussion Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Normann C, Buttenschøn HN. Gene-environment interactions between HPA-axis genes and childhood maltreatment in depression: a systematic review. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2020; 32:1-11. [PMID: 31902387 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2020.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gene-environment (GxE) interactions may comprise an important part of the aetiology of depression, and childhood maltreatment (CM), a significant stressor, has consistently been linked to depression. Hence, in this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the interaction between hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis) genes and CM in depression. METHODS We conducted a literature search using the Pubmed, Embase, and PsychINFO databases in adherence with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We included studies investigating GxE interactions between HPA-axis genes [Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE), Arginine Vasopressin (AVP), Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone (CRH), Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone Receptor 1 (CRHR1), Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone Receptor 2 (CRHR2), FK506 binding protein (FKBP5), Nuclear Receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1), Nuclear Receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 (NR3C2)] and CM in depression. RESULTS The literature search identified 159 potentially relevant studies. Following screening, 138 of these were excluded. Thus, 21 studies, investigating a total of 51 single nucleotide polymorphisms, were included in the final study. The most prevalent genes in the current study were CRHR1 and FKBP5. Significant GxE interactions were reported in seven of eight studies for CRHR1:rs110402 and CM, and in five of eight studies for FKBP5:rs1360780 and CM. In summary, our results suggest possible GxE interactions between CRHR1, FKBP5, NR3C1, and NR3C2 and CM, respectively. For the remaining genes, no relevant literature emerged. CONCLUSIONS We find that genetic variation in four HPA-axis genes may influence the effects of CM in depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Normann
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henriette N Buttenschøn
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- NIDO Denmark, Research and Education in Health, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yao NJ, Hsieh WS, Lin CH, Tseng CI, Lin WY, Kuo PH, Yu YT, Chen WJ, Jeng SF. Interaction Between Prematurity and the MAOA Gene on Mental Development in Children: A Longitudinal View. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:92. [PMID: 32211356 PMCID: PMC7075243 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association of dopamine-related genes with mental and motor development and the gene-environment interaction in preterm and term children. A total of 201 preterm and 111 term children were examined for their development at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months and were genotyped for 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in dopamine-related genes (DRD2, DRD3, DAT1, COMT, and MAOA). An independent sample of 256 preterm children was used for replication. Since the developmental age trends of preterm children differed from those of term children, the analyses were stratified by prematurity. Among the 8 SNPs on the MAOA gene examined in the whole learning sample, the results of linkage disequilibrium analysis indicated that they were located in one block (all D' > 0.9), and rs2239448 was chosen as the tag (r2 > 0.85). In the analysis of individual SNPs in each dopamine-related gene, the tag SNP (rs2239448) in MAOA remained significantly associated with the mental scores of preterm children for the interaction with age trend (p < 0.0001; largest effect size of 0.65 at 24 months) after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Similar findings for rs2239448 were replicated in the independent sample (p = 0.026). However, none of the SNPs were associated with the motor scores of preterm children, and none were related to the mental or motor scores of term children. The genetic variants of the MAOA gene exert influence on mental development throughout early childhood for preterm, but not term, children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Jia Yao
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Shiun Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Her Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ing Tseng
- Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Genes, Environment and Human Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Yu
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei J Chen
- Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Fang Jeng
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Physical Therapy Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Esposito G, Borelli JL. Investigating genes, environments, and their interactions in the service of informing individualized diagnosis and treatment in developmental disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 82:1-2. [PMID: 30170712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Esposito
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|