1
|
Duan H, Shi R, Kang J, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Büchel C, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland PA, Heinz A, Brühl R, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Holz N, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Vaidya N, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Lin X, Feng J. Population clustering of structural brain aging and its association with brain development. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.09.24301030. [PMID: 38260410 PMCID: PMC10802651 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.09.24301030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Structural brain aging has demonstrated strong inter-individual heterogeneity and mirroring patterns with brain development. However, due to the lack of large-scale longitudinal neuroimaging studies, most of the existing research focused on the cross-sectional changes of brain aging. In this investigation, we present a data-driven approach that incorporate both cross-sectional changes and longitudinal trajectories of structural brain aging and identified two brain aging patterns among 37,013 healthy participants from UK Biobank. Participants with accelerated brain aging also demonstrated accelerated biological aging, cognitive decline and increased genetic susceptibilities to major neuropsychiatric disorders. Further, by integrating longitudinal neuroimaging studies from a multi-center adolescent cohort, we validated the "last in, first out" mirroring hypothesis and identified brain regions with manifested mirroring patterns between brain aging and brain development. Genomic analyses revealed risk loci and genes contributing to accelerated brain aging and delayed brain development, providing molecular basis for elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying brain aging and related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haojing Duan
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Runye Shi
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jujiao Kang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, 05405 Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Penny A Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Developmental Trajectories and Psychiatry", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes; France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Developmental Trajectories and Psychiatry", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Developmental Trajectories and Psychiatry", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes; France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nilakshi Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS Centre), ISTBI, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaolei Lin
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Huashan Institute of Medicine, Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
- School of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Feng S, Huang Y, Li H, Zhou S, Ning Y, Han W, Zhang Z, Liu C, Li J, Zhong L, Wu K, Wu F. Dynamic effective connectivity in the cerebellar dorsal dentate nucleus and the cerebrum, cognitive impairment, and clinical correlates in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2024:S0920-9964(24)00184-1. [PMID: 38729789 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by disconnected cerebral networks. Recent studies have shown that functional connectivity between the cerebellar dorsal dentate nucleus (dDN) and cerebrum is correlated with psychotic symptoms, and processing speed in SZ patients. Dynamic effective connectivity (dEC) is a reliable indicator of brain functional status. However, the dEC between the dDN and cerebrum in patients with SZ remains largely unknown. METHODS Resting-state functional MRI data, symptom severity, and cognitive performance were collected from 74 SZ patients and 53 healthy controls (HC). Granger causality analysis and sliding time window methods were used to calculate dDN-based dEC maps for all subjects, and k-means clustering was performed to obtain several dEC states. Finally, between-group differences in dynamic effective connectivity variability (dECV) and clinical correlations were obtained using two-sample t-tests and correlation analysis. RESULTS We detected four dEC states from the cerebrum to the right dDN (IN states) and three dEC states from the right dDN to the cerebrum (OUT states), with SZ group having fewer transitions in the OUT states. SZ group had increased dECV from the right dDN to the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and left lingual gyrus (LG). Correlations were found between the dECV from the right dDN to the right MFG and symptom severity and between the dECV from the right dDN to the left LG and working memory performance. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a dynamic causal relationship between cerebellar dDN and the cerebrum in SZ and provides new evidence for the involvement of cerebellar neural circuits in neurocognitive functions in SZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shixuan Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hehua Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sumiao Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangda Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Fengchun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Papazova I, Wunderlich S, Papazov B, Vogelmann U, Keeser D, Karali T, Falkai P, Rospleszcz S, Maurus I, Schmitt A, Hasan A, Malchow B, Stöcklein S. Characterizing cognitive subtypes in schizophrenia using cortical curvature. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:131-138. [PMID: 38531143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are a core symptom of schizophrenia, but research on their neural underpinnings has been challenged by the heterogeneity in deficits' severity among patients. Here, we address this issue by combining logistic regression and random forest to classify two neuropsychological profiles of patients with high (HighCog) and low (LowCog) cognitive performance in two independent samples. We based our analysis on the cortical features grey matter volume (VOL), cortical thickness (CT), and mean curvature (MC) of N = 57 patients (discovery sample) and validated the classification in an independent sample (N = 52). We investigated which cortical feature would yield the best classification results and expected that the 10 most important features would include frontal and temporal brain regions. The model based on MC had the best performance with area under the curve (AUC) values of 76% and 73%, and identified fronto-temporal and occipital brain regions as the most important features for the classification. Moreover, subsequent comparison analyses could reveal significant differences in MC of single brain regions between the two cognitive profiles. The present study suggests MC as a promising neuroanatomical parameter for characterizing schizophrenia cognitive subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Papazova
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Geschwister-Schönert-Straße 1, 86156, Augsburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), partner site München, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Stephan Wunderlich
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Papazov
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Vogelmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Keeser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Temmuz Karali
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Rospleszcz
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany; Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel Maurus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Geschwister-Schönert-Straße 1, 86156, Augsburg, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), partner site München, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Berend Malchow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sophia Stöcklein
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu H, Liu Y, Zeng WT, Fan YX, Wang Y. Distinctive cortical morphological patterns in primary trigeminal neuralgia: a cross-sectional clinical study. Neuroradiology 2024; 66:207-216. [PMID: 38001310 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-023-03257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The characteristics of surface-based morphological patterns to primary trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) are still not well understood. This study aims to screen the useful cortical indices for the prediction of PTN and the quantification of pain severity. METHODS Fifty PTN patients and 48 matched healthy subjects enrolled in the study from March 2016 to August 2021. High-resolution T1 data were performed at 3.0 Tesla scanner and were analyzed with FreeSurfer software to detect the abnormalities of cortical mean curve (CMC), cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA), and cortical volume (CV) in PTN patients compared to healthy controls. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine whether certain morphological patterns could predict PTN disorder. Then, the relationships of cortical indices to the pain characteristics in patient group were examined using linear regression model. RESULTS Distinctive cortical alterations were discovered through surface-based analysis, including increased temporal CMC, decreased insular CT and fusiform SA, along with decreased CV in several temporal and occipital areas. Moreover, the difference of temporal CMC was greater than other cortical parameters between the two groups, and the combination of certain morphological indices was of good value in the diagnosis for PTN. Besides, CT of left insula was negatively associated with the pain intensity in PTN patients. CONCLUSION The patients with PTN demonstrate distinctive morphological patterns in several cortical regions, which may contribute to the imaging diagnosis of this refractory disorder and be useful for the quantification of the orofacial pain. CLINICAL TRIALS The registry name of this study in https://clinicaltrials.gov/ : Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study on Patients with Trigeminal Neuralgia (MRI-TN) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ ID: NCT02713646 A link to the full application: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT02713646&cntry=&state=&city=&dist= The first patient with primary trigeminal neuralgia was recruited on November 28, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Tao Zeng
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Xin Fan
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Omlor W, Rabe F, Fuchs S, Cecere G, Homan S, Surbeck W, Kallen N, Georgiadis F, Spiller T, Seifritz E, Weickert T, Bruggemann J, Weickert C, Potkin S, Hashimoto R, Sim K, Rootes-Murdy K, Quide Y, Houenou J, Banaj N, Vecchio D, Piras F, Piras F, Spalletta G, Salvador R, Karuk A, Pomarol-Clotet E, Rodrigue A, Pearlson G, Glahn D, Tomecek D, Spaniel F, Skoch A, Kirschner M, Kaiser S, Kochunov P, Fan FM, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT, Berthet P, Calhoun VD, Howells F, Uhlmann A, Scheffler F, Stein D, Iasevoli F, Cairns MJ, Carr VJ, Catts SV, Di Biase MA, Jablensky A, Green MJ, Henskens FA, Klauser P, Loughland C, Michie PT, Mowry B, Pantelis C, Rasser PE, Schall U, Scott R, Zalesky A, de Bartolomeis A, Barone A, Ciccarelli M, Brunetti A, Cocozza S, Pontillo G, Tranfa M, Di Giorgio A, Thomopoulos SI, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, van Erp T, Turner J, Homan P. Estimating multimodal brain variability in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A worldwide ENIGMA study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.22.559032. [PMID: 37961617 PMCID: PMC10634976 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.22.559032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective Schizophrenia is a multifaceted disorder associated with structural brain heterogeneity. Despite its relevance for identifying illness subtypes and informative biomarkers, structural brain heterogeneity in schizophrenia remains incompletely understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive insight into the structural brain heterogeneity associated with schizophrenia. Methods This meta- and mega-analysis investigated the variability of multimodal structural brain measures of white and gray matter in individuals with schizophrenia versus healthy controls. Using the ENIGMA dataset of MRI-based brain measures from 22 international sites with up to 6139 individuals for a given brain measure, we examined variability in cortical thickness, surface area, folding index, subcortical volume and fractional anisotropy. Results We found that individuals with schizophrenia are distinguished by higher heterogeneity in the frontotemporal network with regard to multimodal structural measures. Moreover, individuals with schizophrenia showed higher homogeneity of the folding index, especially in the left parahippocampal region. Conclusions Higher multimodal heterogeneity in frontotemporal regions potentially implies different subtypes of schizophrenia that converge on impaired frontotemporal interaction as a core feature of the disorder. Conversely, more homogeneous folding patterns in the left parahippocampal region might signify a consistent characteristic of schizophrenia shared across subtypes. These findings underscore the importance of structural brain variability in advancing our neurobiological understanding of schizophrenia, and aid in identifying illness subtypes as well as informative biomarkers.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mao Q, Lin X, Yin Q, Liu P, Zhang Y, Qu S, Xu J, Cheng W, Luo X, Kang L, Taximaimaiti R, Zheng C, Zhang H, Wang X, Ren H, Cao Y, Lin J, Luo X. A significant, functional and replicable risk KTN1 variant block for schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3890. [PMID: 36890161 PMCID: PMC9995530 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical and subcortical structural alteration has been extensively reported in schizophrenia, including the unusual expansion of gray matter volumes (GMVs) of basal ganglia (BG), especially putamen. Previous genome-wide association studies pinpointed kinectin 1 gene (KTN1) as the most significant gene regulating the GMV of putamen. In this study, the role of KTN1 variants in risk and pathogenesis of schizophrenia was explored. A dense set of SNPs (n = 849) covering entire KTN1 was analyzed in three independent European- or African-American samples (n = 6704) and one mixed European and Asian Psychiatric Genomics Consortium sample (n = 56,418 cases vs. 78,818 controls), to identify replicable SNP-schizophrenia associations. The regulatory effects of schizophrenia-associated variants on the KTN1 mRNA expression in 16 cortical or subcortical regions in two European cohorts (n = 138 and 210, respectively), the total intracranial volume (ICV) in 46 European cohorts (n = 18,713), the GMVs of seven subcortical structures in 50 European cohorts (n = 38,258), and the surface areas (SA) and thickness (TH) of whole cortex and 34 cortical regions in 50 European cohorts (n = 33,992) and eight non-European cohorts (n = 2944) were carefully explored. We found that across entire KTN1, only 26 SNPs within the same block (r2 > 0.85) were associated with schizophrenia across ≥ 2 independent samples (7.5 × 10-5 ≤ p ≤ 0.048). The schizophrenia-risk alleles, which increased significantly risk for schizophrenia in Europeans (q < 0.05), were all minor alleles (f < 0.5), consistently increased (1) the KTN1 mRNA expression in 12 brain regions significantly (5.9 × 10-12 ≤ p ≤ 0.050; q < 0.05), (2) the ICV significantly (6.1 × 10-4 ≤ p ≤ 0.008; q < 0.05), (3) the SA of whole (9.6 × 10-3 ≤ p ≤ 0.047) and two regional cortices potentially (2.5 × 10-3 ≤ p ≤ 0.042; q > 0.05), and (4) the TH of eight regional cortices potentially (0.006 ≤ p ≤ 0.050; q > 0.05), and consistently decreased (1) the BG GMVs significantly (1.8 × 10-19 ≤ p ≤ 0.050; q < 0.05), especially putamen GMV (1.8 × 10-19 ≤ p ≤ 1.0 × 10-4; q < 0.05, (2) the SA of four regional cortices potentially (0.010 ≤ p ≤ 0.048), and (3) the TH of four regional cortices potentially (0.015 ≤ p ≤ 0.049) in Europeans. We concluded that we identified a significant, functional, and robust risk variant block covering entire KTN1 that might play a critical role in the risk and pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Mao
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiandong Lin
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology and Radiobiology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, the Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350014, Fujian, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Shihao Qu
- Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519001, China
| | - Jianying Xu
- Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519001, China
| | - Wenhong Cheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xinqun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Longli Kang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research On High Altitude Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xizang Minzu University School of Medicine, Xiangyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Reyisha Taximaimaiti
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Chengchou Zheng
- Minqing Psychiatric Hospital, Minqing, 350800, Fujian, China
| | - Huihao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The 1st People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, USA
| | - Honggang Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuping Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China National Clinical Research Center On Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute On Mental Disorders, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Jie Lin
- Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, 350012, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Institute of Preventive Medicine, Fuzhou, 350012, Fujian, China.
| | - Xingguang Luo
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100096, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Morphological Abnormalities in Early-Onset Schizophrenia Revealed by Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030353. [PMID: 36979045 PMCID: PMC10045839 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a pathological condition characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and a lack of motivation. In this study, we performed a morphological analysis of regional biomarkers in early-onset schizophrenia, including cortical thicknesses, surface areas, surface curvature, and volumes extracted from T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compared these findings with a large cohort of neurotypical controls. Results demonstrate statistically significant abnormal presentation of the curvature of select brain regions in early-onset schizophrenia with large effect sizes, inclusive of the pars orbitalis, pars triangularis, posterior cingulate cortex, frontal pole, orbital gyrus, lateral orbitofrontal gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, as well as in medial occipito-temporal, lingual, and insular sulci. We also observed reduced regional volumes, surface areas, and variability of cortical thicknesses in early-onset schizophrenia relative to neurotypical controls in the lingual, transverse temporal, cuneus, and parahippocampal cortices that did not reach our stringent standard for statistical significance and should be confirmed in future studies with higher statistical power. These results imply that abnormal neurodevelopment associated with early-onset schizophrenia can be characterized with structural MRI and may reflect abnormal and possibly accelerated pruning of the cortex in schizophrenia.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kitajima K, Tamura S, Sasabayashi D, Nakajima S, Iwata Y, Ueno F, Takai Y, Takahashi J, Caravaggio F, Mar W, Torres-Carmona E, Noda Y, Gerretsen P, Luca VD, Mimura M, Hirano S, Nakao T, Onitsuka T, Remington G, Graff-Guerrero A, Hirano Y. Decreased cortical gyrification and surface area in the left medial parietal cortex in patients with treatment-resistant and ultratreatment-resistant schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 77:2-11. [PMID: 36165228 PMCID: PMC10092309 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Validating the vulnerabilities and pathologies underlying treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is an important challenge in optimizing treatment. Gyrification and surface area (SA), reflecting neurodevelopmental features, have been linked to genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to identify gyrification and SA abnormalities specific to TRS. METHODS We analyzed 3T magnetic resonance imaging findings of 24 healthy controls (HCs), 20 responders to first-line antipsychotics (FL-Resp), and 41 patients with TRS, including 19 clozapine responders (CLZ-Resp) and 22 FL- and clozapine-resistant patients (patients with ultratreatment-resistant schizophrenia [URS]). The local gyrification index (LGI) and associated SA were analyzed across groups. Diagnostic accuracy was verified by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS Both CLZ-Resp and URS had lower LGI values than HCs (P = 0.041, Hedges g [gH ] = 0.75; P = 0.013, gH = 0.96) and FL-Resp (P = 0.007, gH = 1.00; P = 0.002, gH = 1.31) in the left medial parietal cortex (Lt-MPC). In addition, both CLZ-Resp and URS had lower SA in the Lt-MPC than FL-Resp (P < 0.001, gH = 1.22; P < 0.001, gH = 1.75). LGI and SA were positively correlated in non-TRS (FL-Resp) (ρ = 0.64, P = 0.008) and TRS (CLZ-Resp + URS) (ρ = 0.60, P < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for non-TRS versus TRS with LGI and SA in the Lt-MPC were 0.79 and 0.85, respectively. SA in the Lt-MPC was inversely correlated with negative symptoms (ρ = -0.40, P = 0.018) and clozapine plasma levels (ρ = -0.35, P = 0.042) in TRS. CONCLUSION LGI and SA in the Lt-MPC, a functional hub in the default-mode network, were abnormally reduced in TRS compared with non-TRS. Thus, altered LGI and SA in the Lt-MPC might be structural features associated with genetic vulnerability to TRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Kitajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Yamanashi Faculty of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Ueno
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yoshifumi Takai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fernando Caravaggio
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wanna Mar
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edgardo Torres-Carmona
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincenzo de Luca
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gary Remington
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Identification of texture MRI brain abnormalities on first-episode psychosis and clinical high-risk subjects using explainable artificial intelligence. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:481. [PMID: 36385133 PMCID: PMC9668814 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural MRI studies in first-episode psychosis and the clinical high-risk state have consistently shown volumetric abnormalities. Aim of the present study was to introduce radiomics texture features in identification of psychosis. Radiomics texture features describe the interrelationship between voxel intensities across multiple spatial scales capturing the hidden information of underlying disease dynamics in addition to volumetric changes. Structural MR images were acquired from 77 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, 58 clinical high-risk subjects with no later transition to psychosis (CHR_NT), 15 clinical high-risk subjects with later transition (CHR_T), and 44 healthy controls (HC). Radiomics texture features were extracted from non-segmented images, and two-classification schemas were performed for the identification of FEP vs. HC and FEP vs. CHR_NT. The group of CHR_T was used as external validation in both schemas. The classification of a subject's clinical status was predicted by importing separately (a) the difference of entropy feature map and (b) the contrast feature map, resulting in classification balanced accuracy above 72% in both analyses. The proposed framework enhances the classification decision for FEP, CHR_NT, and HC subjects, verifies diagnosis-relevant features and may potentially contribute to identification of structural biomarkers for psychosis, beyond and above volumetric brain changes.
Collapse
|
10
|
Prognostic associations of cortical gyrification in minimally medicated schizophrenia in an early intervention setting. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 8:88. [PMID: 36309534 PMCID: PMC9617870 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The aberration in cortical gyrification seen in schizophrenia likely originates in the earliest phase of life, as gyrification begins in utero and reaches its peak in infancy. However, emerging observations have indicated a later reduction in gyrification, especially in early adulthood, may also occur in schizophrenia. At present, it is unclear whether the baseline and later gyrification reduction has any prognostic importance in schizophrenia. We address this question in a longitudinal design in patients minimally medicated at inception. About 108 minimally medicated (duration of medication = <14 days of antipsychotics) patients and 106 healthy controls underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging, with 34 patients being selectively re-scanned when clinically stable following antipsychotic treatment. The cortical surface from each structural image was reconstructed, and the local gyrification index and cortical thickness were computed for each vertex on the surface. We found minimally medicated schizophrenia patients during the first episode had a relatively higher gyrification in bilateral supramarginal, left superior temporal, and right posterior cingulate and paracentral regions. However, poor prognostic features were more likely in patients with lower baseline gyrification. Longitudinal reductions in left superior parietal and right precentral gyrification were associated with lower improvements in both positive and negative symptoms over time. The spatial pattern of longitudinal changes in gyrification was distinct from the changes in cortical thickness. These results indicated that schizophrenia is characterized by a relative hypergyrification in parieto-temporal and medial cortical areas at a group level at first presentation, but poor outcomes relate to lower-gyrification elsewhere both at the onset and during the early course. The early post-onset reduction of gyrification is rather limited in space and magnitude, but occurs unrelated to the progressive thinning, representing a distinct, prognostically important structural trajectory.
Collapse
|
11
|
Korda AI, Andreou C, Avram M, Handels H, Martinetz T, Borgwardt S. Chaos analysis of the brain topology in first-episode psychosis and clinical high risk patients. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:965128. [PMID: 36311536 PMCID: PMC9606602 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.965128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural MRI studies in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and in clinical high risk (CHR) patients have consistently shown volumetric abnormalities in frontal, temporal, and cingulate cortex areas. The aim of the present study was to employ chaos analysis for the identification of brain topology differences in people with psychosis. Structural MRI were acquired from 77 FEP, 73 CHR and 44 healthy controls (HC). Chaos analysis of the gray matter distribution was performed: First, the distances of each voxel from the center of mass in the gray matter image was calculated. Next, the distances multiplied by the voxel intensity were represented as a spatial-series, which then was analyzed by extracting the Largest-Lyapunov-Exponent (lambda). The lambda brain map depicts thus how the gray matter topology changes. Between-group differences were identified by (a) comparing the lambda brain maps, which resulted in statistically significant differences in FEP and CHR compared to HC; and (b) matching the lambda series with the Morlet wavelet, which resulted in statistically significant differences in the scalograms of FEP against CHR and HC. The proposed framework using spatial-series extraction enhances the between-group differences of FEP, CHR and HC subjects, verifies diagnosis-relevant features and may potentially contribute to the identification of structural biomarkers for psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra I. Korda
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psycotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christina Andreou
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psycotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mihai Avram
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psycotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Heinz Handels
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Martinetz
- Institute for Neuro- and Bioinformatics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psycotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bolton TAW, Van De Ville D, Régis J, Witjas T, Girard N, Levivier M, Tuleasca C. Graph Theoretical Analysis of Structural Covariance Reveals the Relevance of Visuospatial and Attentional Areas in Essential Tremor Recovery After Stereotactic Radiosurgical Thalamotomy. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:873605. [PMID: 35677202 PMCID: PMC9168220 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.873605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder. Its pathophysiology is only partially understood. Here, we leveraged graph theoretical analysis on structural covariance patterns quantified from morphometric estimates for cortical thickness, surface area, and mean curvature in patients with ET before and one year after (to account for delayed clinical effect) ventro-intermediate nucleus (Vim) stereotactic radiosurgical thalamotomy. We further contrasted the observed patterns with those from matched healthy controls (HCs). Significant group differences at the level of individual morphometric properties were specific to mean curvature and the post-/pre-thalamotomy contrast, evidencing brain plasticity at the level of the targeted left thalamus, and of low-level visual, high-level visuospatial and attentional areas implicated in the dorsal visual stream. The introduction of cross-correlational analysis across pairs of morphometric properties strengthened the presence of dorsal visual stream readjustments following thalamotomy, as cortical thickness in the right lingual gyrus, bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus, and left pre-central gyrus was interrelated with mean curvature in the rest of the brain. Overall, our results position mean curvature as the most relevant morphometric feature to understand brain plasticity in drug-resistant ET patients following Vim thalamotomy. They also highlight the importance of examining not only individual features, but also their interactions, to gain insight into the routes of recovery following intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. W. Bolton
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurosurgery Service and Gamma Knife Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Connectomics Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean Régis
- Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery Service and Gamma Knife Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Tatiana Witjas
- Neurology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Nadine Girard
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Levivier
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurosurgery Service and Gamma Knife Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Constantin Tuleasca
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurosurgery Service and Gamma Knife Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yamaguchi R, Matsudaira I, Takeuchi H, Imanishi T, Kimura R, Tomita H, Kawashima R, Taki Y. RELN rs7341475 associates with brain structure in japanese healthy females. Neuroscience 2022; 494:38-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Sasabayashi D, Takayanagi Y, Takahashi T, Furuichi A, Kobayashi H, Noguchi K, Suzuki M. Increased brain gyrification and subsequent relapse in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:937605. [PMID: 36032231 PMCID: PMC9406142 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most schizophrenia patients experience psychotic relapses, which may compromise long-term outcome. However, it is difficult to objectively assess the actual risk of relapse for each patient as the biological changes underlying relapse remain unknown. The present study used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the relationship between brain gyrification pattern and subsequent relapse in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. The subjects consisted of 19 patients with and 33 patients without relapse during a 3-year clinical follow-up after baseline MRI scanning. Using FreeSurfer software, we compared the local gyrification index (LGI) between the relapsed and non-relapsed groups. In the relapsed group, we also explored the relationship among LGI and the number of relapses and time to first relapse after MRI scanning. Relapsed patients exhibited a significantly higher LGI in the bilateral parietal and left occipital areas than non-relapsed patients. In addition, the time to first relapse was negatively correlated with LGI in the right inferior temporal cortex. These findings suggest that increased LGI in the temporo-parieto-occipital regions in first-episode schizophrenia patients may be a potential prognostic biomarker that reflects relapse susceptibility in the early course of the illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Arisawabashi Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Furuichi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Haruko Kobayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kyo Noguchi
- Department of Radiology, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou H, Wang D, Wang J, Xu H, Cao B, Zhang X. Association of altered cortical gyrification and psychopathological symptoms in patients with first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 64:102749. [PMID: 34334350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Altered brain gyrification in diverse cortical regions has been reported in patients with schizophrenia, which possibly reflects deviations in early neurodevelopment. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between clinical symptoms and abnormal cortical gyrification in drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia in a Chinese Han population. We calculated the whole-brain cortical gyrification of 41 patients with first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the psychopathology of patients with schizophrenia. Our results showed that compared to healthy controls, patients had higher cortical gyrification in the left lateral occipital cortex, but lower cortical gyrification in the left transverse temporal cortex. Moreover, the cortical gyrification in the left entorhinal cortex and left fusiform were both positively correlated with the general psychopathology of PANSS. Our findings indicate that abnormal cortical gyrification has occurred in the early stage of schizophrenia, suggesting that abnormal cortical gyrification may play an important role in the pathogenesis and symptomatology of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiesi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chang Q, Li C, Tian Q, Bo Q, Zhang J, Xiong Y, Wang C. Classification of First-Episode Schizophrenia, Chronic Schizophrenia and Healthy Control Based on Brain Network of Mismatch Negativity by Graph Neural Network. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2021; 29:1784-1794. [PMID: 34406943 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2021.3105669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) has been consistently found deficit in schizophrenia, which was considered as a promising biomarker for assessing the impairments in pre-attentive auditory processing. However, the functional connectivity between brain regions based on MMN is not clear. This study provides an in-depth investigation in brain functional connectivity during MMN process among patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FESZ), chronic schizophrenia (CSZ) and healthy control (HC). Electroencephalography (EEG) data of 128 channels is recorded during frequency and duration MMN in 40 FESZ, 40 CSZ patients and 40 matched HC subjects. We reconstruct the cortical endogenous electrical activity from EEG recordings using exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography and build functional brain networks based on source-level EEG data. Then, graph-theoretic features are extracted from the brain networks with the support vector machine (SVM) to classify FESZ, CSZ and HC groups, since the SVM has good generalization ability and robustness as a universally applicable nonlinear classifier. Furthermore, we introduce the graph neural network (GNN) model to directly learn for the network topology of brain network. Compared to HC, the damaged brain areas of CSZ are more extensive than FESZ, and the damaged area involved the auditory cortex. These results demonstrate the heterogeneity of the impacts of schizophrenia for different disease courses and the association between MMN and the auditory cortex. More importantly, the GNN classification results are significantly better than those of SVM, and hence the EEG-based GNN model of brain networks provides an effective method for discriminating among FESZ, CSZ and HC groups.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim BH, Kim HE, Lee JS, Kim JJ. Anhedonia Relates to the Altered Global and Local Grey Matter Network Properties in Schizophrenia. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071395. [PMID: 33807226 PMCID: PMC8038049 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anhedonia is one of the major negative symptoms in schizophrenia and defined as the loss of hedonic experience to various stimuli in real life. Although structural magnetic resonance imaging has provided a deeper understanding of anhedonia-related abnormalities in schizophrenia, network analysis of the grey matter focusing on this symptom is lacking. In this study, single-subject grey matter networks were constructed in 123 patients with schizophrenia and 160 healthy controls. The small-world property of the grey matter network and its correlations with the level of physical and social anhedonia were evaluated using graph theory analysis. In the global scale whole-brain analysis, the patients showed reduced small-world property of the grey matter network. The local-scale analysis further revealed reduced small-world property in the default mode network, salience/ventral attention network, and visual network. The regional-level analysis showed an altered relationship between the small-world properties and the social anhedonia scale scores in the cerebellar lobule in patients with schizophrenia. These results indicate that anhedonia in schizophrenia may be related to abnormalities in the grey matter network at both the global whole-brain scale and local-regional scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.E.K.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Hesun Erin Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.E.K.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Jung Suk Lee
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.E.K.); (J.S.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10444, Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.E.K.); (J.S.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sasabayashi D, Takahashi T, Takayanagi Y, Suzuki M. Anomalous brain gyrification patterns in major psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and transdiagnostic integration. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:176. [PMID: 33731700 PMCID: PMC7969935 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Anomalous patterns of brain gyrification have been reported in major psychiatric disorders, presumably reflecting their neurodevelopmental pathology. However, previous reports presented conflicting results of patients having hyper-, hypo-, or normal gyrification patterns and lacking in transdiagnostic consideration. In this article, we systematically review previous magnetic resonance imaging studies of brain gyrification in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and autism spectrum disorder at varying illness stages, highlighting the gyral pattern trajectory for each disorder. Patients with each psychiatric disorder may exhibit deviated primary gyri formation under neurodevelopmental genetic control in their fetal life and infancy, and then exhibit higher-order gyral changes due to mechanical stress from active brain changes (e.g., progressive reduction of gray matter volume and white matter integrity) thereafter, representing diversely altered pattern trajectories from those of healthy controls. Based on the patterns of local connectivity and changes in neurodevelopmental gene expression in major psychiatric disorders, we propose an overarching model that spans the diagnoses to explain how deviated gyral pattern trajectories map onto clinical manifestations (e.g., psychosis, mood dysregulation, and cognitive impairments), focusing on the common and distinct gyral pattern changes across the disorders in addition to their correlations with specific clinical features. This comprehensive understanding of the role of brain gyrification pattern on the pathophysiology may help to optimize the prediction and diagnosis of psychiatric disorders using objective biomarkers, as well as provide a novel nosology informed by neural circuits beyond the current descriptive diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan. .,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XResearch Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan ,Arisawabashi Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XResearch Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Brain-to-brain communication: the possible role of brain electromagnetic fields (As a Potential Hypothesis). Heliyon 2021; 7:e06363. [PMID: 33732922 PMCID: PMC7937662 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Up now, the communication between brains of different humans or animals has been confirmed and confined by the sensory medium and motor facilities of body. Recently, direct brain-to-brain communication (DBBC) outside the conventional five senses has been verified between animals and humans. Nevertheless, no empirical studies or serious discussion have been performed to elucidate the mechanism behind this process. The validation of DBBC has been documented via recording similar pattern of action potentials occurring in the brain cortex of two animals. With regard to action potentials in brain neurons, the magnetic field resulting from the action potentials created in neurons is one of the tools where the brain of one animal can affect the brain of another. It has been shown that different animals, even humans, have the power to understand the magnetic field. Cryptochrome, which exists in the retina and in different regions of the brain, has been confirmed to be able to perceive magnetic fields and convert magnetic fields to action potentials. Recently, iron particles (Fe3O4) believed to be functioning as magnets have been found in various parts of the brain, and are postulated as magnetic field receptors. Newly developed supersensitive magnetic sensors made of iron magnets that can sense the brain's magnetic field have suggested the idea that these Fe3O4 particles or magnets may be capable of perceiving the brain's extremely weak magnetic field. The present study suggests that it is possible the extremely week magnetic field in one animal's brain to transmit vital and accurate information to another animal's brain.
Collapse
|
20
|
Cortical abnormalities and identification for first-episode schizophrenia via high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Biomark Neuropsychiatry 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionps.2020.100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
21
|
Zhao Z, Xu G, Shen Z, Grunebaum M, Li X, Sun B, Li S, Xu Y, Huang M, Xu D. The Effect of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations on the Relationship between Spontaneous Brain Activity and intraventricular Brain Temperature in Patients with Drug-Naïve Schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett 2020; 729:134933. [PMID: 32325103 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study reported that adolescent-onset schizophrenia showed an uncoupling between intraventricular brain temperature (iBT) and local spontaneous brain activity (SBA). While auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are common in schizophrenia, the role of AVH in the iBT-SBA relationship is unclear. The current study recruited 24 drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with AVH, 20 patients without AVH and 30 matched healthy controls (HC). We used a diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) based thermometry method to calculate the iBT for each participant and used both regional homogeneity and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation methods to assess the SBA. One-way ANOVA was used to detect group differences in iBT, and a partial correlation analysis controlling for lateral ventricles volume, sex and age was applied to detect the relationships between iBT and SBA across the three groups. The results demonstrated that the AVH group showed a significant coupling between iBT and SBA in the bilateral lingual gyrus, left superior occipital gyrus and caudate compared with the other two groups, and no uncoupling was found in the two patients groups relative to HCs. These findings suggest that AVH may modulate the relationship between iBT and SBA in schizophrenia-related regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China; Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, Columbia University Department of Psychiatry & New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Guojun Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China; Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, Columbia University Department of Psychiatry & New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Zhe Shen
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 268, Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Michael Grunebaum
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, Columbia University Department of Psychiatry & New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Xuzhou Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China; Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, Columbia University Department of Psychiatry & New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Bin Sun
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 268, Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shangda Li
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 268, Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Manli Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Dongrong Xu
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, Columbia University Department of Psychiatry & New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Płonka O, Krześniak A, Adamczyk P. Analysis of local gyrification index using a novel shape-adaptive kernel and the standard FreeSurfer spherical kernel - evidence from chronic schizophrenia outpatients. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04172. [PMID: 32551394 PMCID: PMC7287247 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia can be considered a brain disconnectivity condition related to aberrant neurodevelopment that causes alterations in the brain structure, including gyrification of the cortex. Literature findings on cortical folding are incoherent: they report hypogyria in the frontal, superior-parietal and temporal cortices, but also frontal hypergyria. This discrepancy in local gyrification index (LGI) results could be due to the commonly used spherical kernel (Freesurfer), which is a method of analysis that is still not spatially precise enough. In this study we would like to test the spatial accuracy of a novel method based on a shape-adaptive kernel (Cmorph). The analysis of differences in gyrification between chronic schizophrenia outpatients (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 30) was conducted with two methods: Freesurfer LGI and Cmorph LGI. Widespread differences in the LGI between schizophrenia outpatients and healthy controls were found using both methods. Freesurfer showed hypogyria in the superior temporal gyrus and the right temporal pole; it also showed hypergyria in the rostral-middle-frontal cortex in schizophrenia outpatients. In comparison, Cmorph revealed that hypergyria is equally represented as hypogyria in orbitofrontal and central brain regions. The clusters from Cmorph were smaller and distributed more broadly, covering all lobes of the brain. The presented evidence from disrupted cortical folding in schizophrenia indicates that the shape-adaptive kernel approach has a potential to improve the knowledge on the disrupted cortical folding in schizophrenia; therefore, it could be a valuable tool for further investigation on big sample size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Płonka
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Krześniak
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sasabayashi D, Takayanagi Y, Takahashi T, Nemoto K, Furuichi A, Kido M, Nishikawa Y, Nakamura M, Noguchi K, Suzuki M. Increased brain gyrification in the schizophrenia spectrum. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:70-76. [PMID: 31596011 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Increased brain gyrification in diverse cortical regions has been reported in patients with schizophrenia, possibly reflecting deviations in early neurodevelopment. However, it remains unknown whether patients with schizotypal disorder exhibit similar changes. METHODS This magnetic resonance imaging study investigated brain gyrification in 46 patients with schizotypal disorder (29 male, 17 female), 101 patients with schizophrenia (55 male, 46 female), and 77 healthy controls (44 male, 33 female). T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained for each participant. Using FreeSurfer software, the local gyrification index (LGI) of the entire cortex was compared across the groups. RESULTS Both schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder patients showed a significantly higher LGI in diverse cortical regions, including the bilateral prefrontal and left parietal cortices, as compared with controls, but its extent was broader in schizophrenia especially for the right prefrontal and left occipital regions. No significant correlations were found between the LGI and clinical variables (e.g., symptom severity, medication) for either of the patient groups. CONCLUSION Increased LGI in the frontoparietal regions was common to both patient groups and might represent vulnerability to schizophrenia, while more diverse changes in schizophrenia patients might be associated with the manifestation of florid psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nemoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Furuichi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mikio Kido
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nishikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mihoko Nakamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kyo Noguchi
- Department of Radiology, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jessen K, Rostrup E, Mandl RCW, Nielsen MØ, Bak N, Fagerlund B, Glenthøj BY, Ebdrup BH. Cortical structures and their clinical correlates in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients before and after 6 weeks of dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist treatment. Psychol Med 2019; 49:754-763. [PMID: 29734953 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia has been associated with changes in both cortical thickness and surface area, but antipsychotic exposure, illness progression and substance use may confound observations. In antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients, we investigated cortical thickness and surface area as well as mean curvature before and after monotherapy with amisulpride, a relatively selective dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist. METHODS Fifty-six patients and 59 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent T1-weighted 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Forty-one patients and 51 HCs were re-scanned. FreeSurfer-processed baseline, follow-up values and symmetrized percentage changes (SPC) in cortical structures were analysed using univariate analysis of variance. Clinical measures comprised psychopathology ratings, assessment of functioning and tests of premorbid and current intelligence. We applied false discovery rate correction to account for multiple comparisons. RESULTS At baseline, groups did not differ in cortical thickness or surface area; however, curvature in the left hemisphere was higher in patients (p = 0.015). In both patients and HCs, higher curvature was associated with lower premorbid (p = 0.009) and current intelligence (p 0.43). Cortical thickness SPC was negatively associated with symptom improvement (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Schizophrenia appears associated with subtle, yet clinically relevant aberrations in cortical structures. Mean curvature holds promise as a sensitive supplement to cortical thickness and surface area to detect complex structural brain abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Jessen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Egill Rostrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Rene C W Mandl
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus,University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Mette Ø Nielsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Bak
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CINS, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Glostrup,Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Takayanagi Y, Sasabayashi D, Takahashi T, Komori Y, Furuichi A, Kido M, Nishikawa Y, Nakamura M, Noguchi K, Suzuki M. Altered brain gyrification in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia. Psychol Med 2019; 49:573-580. [PMID: 29739476 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718001228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with the deficit form of schizophrenia (D-SZ) are characterized by severe primary negative symptoms and differ from patients with the non-deficit form of schizophrenia (ND-SZ) in several aspects. No study has measured brain gyrification, which is a potential marker of neurodevelopment, in D-SZ and ND-SZ. METHODS We obtained magnetic resonance scans from 135 schizophrenia patients and 50 healthy controls. The proxy scale for deficit syndrome (PDS) was used for the classification of D-SZ and ND-SZ. The local gyrification index (LGI) of the entire cortex was measured using FreeSurfer. Thirty-seven D-SZ and 36 ND-SZ patients were included in the LGI analyses. We compared LGI across the groups. RESULTS SZ patients exhibited hyper-gyral patterns in the bilateral dorsal medial prefrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, bilateral anterior cingulate gyri and right lateral parietal/occipital cortices as compared with HCs. Although patients with D-SZ or ND-SZ had higher LGI in similar regions compared with HC, the hyper-gyral patterns were broader in ND-SZ. ND-SZ patients exhibited a significantly higher LGI in the left inferior parietal lobule relative to D-SZ patients. Duration of illness inversely associated with LGI in broad regions only among ND-SZ patients. CONCLUSIONS The common hyper-gyral patterns among D-SZ and ND-SZ suggest that D-SZ and ND-SZ may share neurodevelopmental abnormalities. The different degrees of cortical gyrification seen in the left parietal regions, and the distinct correlation between illness chronicity and LGI observed in the prefrontal and insular cortices may be related to the differences in the clinical manifestations among D-SZ and ND-SZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Yuko Komori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Atsushi Furuichi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Mikio Kido
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Yumiko Nishikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Mihoko Nakamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Kyo Noguchi
- Department of Radiology,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry,University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Toyama,Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fonville L, Drakesmith M, Zammit S, Lewis G, Jones DK, David AS. MRI Indices of Cortical Development in Young People With Psychotic Experiences: Influence of Genetic Risk and Persistence of Symptoms. Schizophr Bull 2019; 45:169-179. [PMID: 29385604 PMCID: PMC6293214 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Psychotic experiences (PEs) are considered part of an extended psychosis phenotype and are associated with an elevated risk of developing a psychotic disorder. Risk of transition increases with persistence of PEs, and this is thought to be modulated by genetic and environmental factors. However, it is unclear if persistence is associated with progressive schizophrenia-like changes in neuroanatomy. Methods We examined cortical morphometry using MRI in 247 young adults, from a population-based cohort, assessed for the presence of PEs at ages 18 and 20. We then incorporated a polygenic risk score for schizophrenia (PRS) to elucidate the effects of high genetic risk. Finally, we used atlas-based tractography data to examine the underlying white matter. Results Individuals with persisting PEs showed reductions in gyrification (local gyrification index: lGI) in the left temporal gyrus as well as atypical associations with brain volume (TBV) in the left occipital and right prefrontal gyri. No main effect was found for the PRS, but interaction effects with PEs were identified in the orbitofrontal, parietal, and temporal regions. Examination of underlying white matter did not provide strong evidence of further disturbances. Conclusions Disturbances in lGI were similar to schizophrenia but findings were mostly limited to those with persistent PEs. These could reflect subtle changes that worsen with impending psychosis or reflect an early vulnerability associated with the persistence of PEs. The lack of clear differences in underlying white matter suggests our findings reflect early disturbances in cortical expansion rather than progressive changes in brain structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leon Fonville
- Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry (Box 68), Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King ’s College London, UK
| | - Mark Drakesmith
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Stanley Zammit
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Glyn Lewis
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Derek K Jones
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anthony S David
- Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry (Box 68), Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King ’s College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yan J, Cui Y, Li Q, Tian L, Liu B, Jiang T, Zhang D, Yan H. Cortical thinning and flattening in schizophrenia and their unaffected parents. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:935-946. [PMID: 31114205 PMCID: PMC6489638 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s195134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with high heritability. Widespread cortical thinning has been identified in schizophrenia, suggesting that it is a result of cortical development deficit. However, the findings of other cortical morphological indexes of patients are inconsistent, and the research on their relationship with genetic risk factors for schizophrenia is rare. Methods: In order to investigate cortical morphology deficits and their disease-related genetic liability in schizophrenia, we analyzed a sample of 33 patients with schizophrenia, 60 biological parents of the patients, as well as 30 young controls for patients and 28 elderly controls for parents with age, sex and education level being well-matched. We calculated vertex-wise measurements of cortical thickness, surface area, local gyrification index, sulcal depth, and their correlation with the clinical and cognitive characteristics. Results: Widespread cortical thinning of the fronto-temporo-parietal region, sulcal flattening of the insula and gyrification reduction of the frontal cortex were observed in schizophrenia patients. Conjunction analysis revealed that patients with schizophrenia and their parents shared significant cortical thinning of bilateral prefrontal and insula, left lateral occipital and fusiform regions (Monte Carlo correction, P<0.05), as well as a trend-level sulcal depth reduction mainly in bilateral insula and occipital cortex. We observed comprehensive cognitive deficits in patients and similar impairment in the speed of processing of their unaffected parents. Significant associations between lower processing speed and thinning of the frontal cortex and flattening of the parahippocampal gyrus were found in patients and their parents, respectively. However, no significant correlation between abnormal measurements of cortical morphology and clinical characteristics was found. Conclusion: The results suggest that cortical morphology may be susceptible to a genetic risk of schizophrenia and could underlie the cognitive dysfunction in patients and their unaffected relatives. The abnormalities shared with unaffected parents allow us to better understand the disease-specific genetic effect on cortical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Cui
- Brainnetome Center/National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214151, People's Republic of China.,Wuxi Mental Health Center, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214151, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- Brainnetome Center/National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center/National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.,Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences & PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Newton R, Rouleau A, Nylander AG, Loze JY, Resemann HK, Steeves S, Crespo-Facorro B. Diverse definitions of the early course of schizophrenia-a targeted literature review. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2018; 4:21. [PMID: 30323274 PMCID: PMC6189105 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-018-0063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder and patients experience significant comorbidity, especially cognitive and psychosocial deficits, already at the onset of disease. Previous research suggests that treatment during the earlier stages of disease reduces disease burden, and that a longer time of untreated psychosis has a negative impact on treatment outcomes. A targeted literature review was conducted to gain insight into the definitions currently used to describe patients with a recent diagnosis of schizophrenia in the early course of disease ('early' schizophrenia). A total of 483 relevant English-language publications of clinical guidelines and studies were identified for inclusion after searches of MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, relevant clinical trial databases and Google for records published between January 2005 and October 2015. The extracted data revealed a wide variety of terminology and definitions used to describe patients with 'early' or 'recent-onset' schizophrenia, with no apparent consensus. The most commonly used criteria to define patients with early schizophrenia included experience of their first episode of schizophrenia or disease duration of less than 1, 2 or 5 years. These varied definitions likely result in substantial disparities of patient populations between studies and variable population heterogeneity. Better agreement on the definition of early schizophrenia could aid interpretation and comparison of studies in this patient population and consensus on definitions should allow for better identification and management of schizophrenia patients in the early course of their disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Newton
- Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Medicine & Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Santander, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jessen K, Mandl RCW, Fagerlund B, Bojesen KB, Raghava JM, Obaid HG, Jensen MB, Johansen LB, Nielsen MØ, Pantelis C, Rostrup E, Glenthøj BY, Ebdrup BH. Patterns of Cortical Structures and Cognition in Antipsychotic-Naïve Patients With First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Partial Least Squares Correlation Analysis. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2018; 4:444-453. [PMID: 30420252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is associated with alterations in cortical structures and cognitive impairments, but antipsychotic medication may affect these measures. We investigated patterns of relationships between cortical structures and cognitive domains in antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia. METHODS T1-weighted 3T magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 105 patients and 136 healthy control subjects. Using FreeSurfer, we obtained measurements of cortical thickness, surface area, and mean curvature. Using an extensive neurocognitive battery including the Danish Adult Reading Test and subtests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, we obtained estimates of premorbid intelligence, spatial working memory, spatial planning, intra-extradimensional set shifting, and reaction and movement times. With univariate analyses, we tested group differences between cortical structures and cognition. With partial least squares correlation analyses, we investigated patterns of associations between cortical structures and cognition. RESULTS Patients had significantly higher mean curvature and were impaired on 7 of 11 cognitive parameters. The between-group partial least squares correlation analysis revealed two cortical thickness/cognition patterns that differentiated patients and healthy control subjects (omnibus test, p = .011). Most cortical regions contributed reliably to these patterns. In patients, spatial working memory, spatial planning, reaction and movement times, and premorbid intelligence contributed reliably to the pattern; in healthy control subjects, spatial planning and intra-extradimensional set shifting contributed reliably. CONCLUSIONS Antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia displayed a higher mean curvature, but no significant difference in other gray matter indices was found. Nevertheless, the pattern of associations between global cortical thickness and cognitive functions was markedly different between groups. These multivariate analyses reveal a novel linkage between regional cortical brain structure and cognitive deficits at the earliest, never-medicated illness stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Jessen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rene C W Mandl
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten B Bojesen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jayachandra M Raghava
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Hayder G Obaid
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marie B Jensen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise B Johansen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Mette Ø Nielsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Egill Rostrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ma Q, Zhang T, Zanetti MV, Shen H, Satterthwaite TD, Wolf DH, Gur RE, Fan Y, Hu D, Busatto GF, Davatzikos C. Classification of multi-site MR images in the presence of heterogeneity using multi-task learning. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 19:476-486. [PMID: 29984156 PMCID: PMC6029565 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of Big Data Imaging Analytics applied to neuroimaging, datasets from multiple sites need to be pooled into larger samples. However, heterogeneity across different scanners, protocols and populations, renders the task of finding underlying disease signatures challenging. The current work investigates the value of multi-task learning in finding disease signatures that generalize across studies and populations. Herein, we present a multi-task learning type of formulation, in which different tasks are from different studies and populations being pooled together. We test this approach in an MRI study of the neuroanatomy of schizophrenia (SCZ) by pooling data from 3 different sites and populations: Philadelphia, Sao Paulo and Tianjin (50 controls and 50 patients from each site), which posed integration challenges due to variability in disease chronicity, treatment exposure, and data collection. Some existing methods are also tested for comparison purposes. Experiments show that classification accuracy of multi-site data outperformed that of single-site data and pooled data using multi-task feature learning, and also outperformed other comparison methods. Several anatomical regions were identified to be common discriminant features across sites. These included prefrontal, superior temporal, insular, anterior cingulate cortex, temporo-limbic and striatal regions consistently implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, as well as the cerebellum, precuneus, and fusiform, middle temporal, inferior parietal, postcentral, angular, lingual and middle occipital gyri. These results indicate that the proposed multi-task learning method is robust in finding consistent and reliable structural brain abnormalities associated with SCZ across different sites, in the presence of multiple sources of heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiongmin Ma
- College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, and Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Beijing Institute of System Engineering, China.
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, and Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Marcus V Zanetti
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hui Shen
- College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | | | - Daniel H Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Yong Fan
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, and Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Dewen Hu
- College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Geraldo F Busatto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, and Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nwosu EC, Robertson FC, Holmes MJ, Cotton MF, Dobbels E, Little F, Laughton B, van der Kouwe A, Meintjes EM. Altered brain morphometry in 7-year old HIV-infected children on early ART. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:523-535. [PMID: 29209922 PMCID: PMC5866746 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Even with the increased roll out of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), paediatric HIV infection is associated with neurodevelopmental delays and neurocognitive deficits that may be accompanied by alterations in brain structure. Few neuroimaging studies have been done in children initiating ART before 2 years of age, and even fewer in children within the critical stage of brain development between 5 and 11 years. We hypothesized that early ART would limit HIV-related brain morphometric deficits at age 7. Study participants were 7-year old HIV-infected (HIV+) children from the Children with HIV Early Antiretroviral Therapy (CHER) trial whose viral loads were supressed at a young age, and age-matched uninfected controls. We used structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and FreeSurfer ( http://www.freesurfer.net/ ) software to investigate effects of HIV and age at ART initiation on cortical thickness, gyrification and regional brain volumes. HIV+ children showed reduced gyrification compared to controls in bilateral medial parietal regions, as well as reduced volumes of the right putamen, left hippocampus, and global white and gray matter and thicker cortex in small lateral occipital region. Earlier ART initiation was associated with lower gyrification and thicker cortex in medial frontal regions. Although early ART appears to preserve cortical thickness and volumes of certain brain structures, HIV infection is nevertheless associated with reduced gyrification in the parietal cortex, and lower putamen and hippocampus volumes. Our results indicate that in early childhood gyrification is more sensitive than cortical thickness to timing of ART initiation. Future work will clarify the implications of these morphometric effects for neuropsychological function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel C Nwosu
- MRC/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Frances C Robertson
- MRC/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Martha J Holmes
- MRC/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark F Cotton
- Family Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Tygerberg Children's Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Els Dobbels
- Family Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Tygerberg Children's Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Francesca Little
- Department of Statistical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Barbara Laughton
- Family Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Tygerberg Children's Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- A.A. Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ernesta M Meintjes
- MRC/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Increased gyrification in schizophrenia and non affective first episode of psychosis. Schizophr Res 2018; 193:269-275. [PMID: 28729037 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prefrontal cortex gyrification has been suggested to be altered in patients with schizophrenia and first episode psychosis. Therefore, it may represent a possible trait marker for these illnesses and an indirect evidence of a disrupted underlying connectivity. The aim of this study was to add further evidence to the existing literature on the role of prefrontal gyrification in psychosis by carrying out a study on a sizeable sample of chronic patients with schizophrenia and non-affective first-episode psychosis (FEP-NA) patients. METHODS Seventy-two patients with schizophrenia, 51 FEP-NA patients (12 who later develop schizophrenia) and 95 healthy controls (HC) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cortical folding was quantified using the automated gyrification index (GI). GI values were compared among groups and related to clinical variables. RESULTS Both FEP-NA and patients with schizophrenia showed a higher mean prefrontal GI compared to HC (all p<0.05). Interestingly, no differences have been observed between the two patients groups as well as between FEP-NA patients who did and did not develop schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the presence of a shared aberrant prefrontal GI in subjects with both schizophrenia and first-episode psychosis. These findings support the hypothesis that altered GI represents a neurodevelopmental trait marker for psychosis, which may be involved in the associated neurocognitive deficits.
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang J, Zhu Q, Hao X, Shi X, Gao S, Xu X, Zhang D. Identifying Resting-State Multifrequency Biomarkers via Tree-Guided Group Sparse Learning for Schizophrenia Classification. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2018; 23:342-350. [PMID: 29994431 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2018.2796588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) has been widely used as potential clinical biomarkers for resting-state functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging-based schizophrenia diagnosis. How-ever, previous studies usually measure the fALFF with specific bands from 0.01 to 0.08 Hz, which cannot fully delineate the complex variations of spontaneous fluctuations in the resting-state brain. In addition, fALFF data are intrinsically constrained by the brain structure, but most of the traditional methods have not consider it in feature selection. For addressing these problems, we propose a model to classify schizophrenia in multifrequency bands with tree-guided group sparse learning. In detail, we first acquire the fALFF data in multifrequency bands (i.e., slow-5: 0.01-0.027 Hz, slow-4: 0.027-0.073 Hz, slow-3: 0.073-0.198 Hz, and slow-2: 0.198-0.25 Hz). Then, we divide the whole brain into different candidate patches and select those significant patches related to schizophrenia using random forest-based important score. Moreover, we use tree-structured sparse learning method for feature selection with the above patch spatial constraint. Finally, considering biomarkers from multifrequency bands can reflect complementary information among multiple-frequency bands, we adopt the multikernel learning method to combine features of multifrequency bands for classification. Our experimental results show that these biomarkers from multifrequency bands can achieve a classification accuracy of 91.1% on 17 schizophrenia patients and 17 healthy controls, further demonstrating that the multifrequency bands analysis can better account for classification of schizophrenia.
Collapse
|
34
|
Nelson EA, White DM, Kraguljac NV, Lahti AC. Gyrification Connectomes in Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia and Following a Short Course of Antipsychotic Drug Treatment. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:699. [PMID: 30618873 PMCID: PMC6306495 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a d isease characterized by brain dysconnectivity and abnormal brain development. The study of cortical gyrification in schizophrenia may capture underlying alterations reflective of neurodevelopmental abnormalities more accurately than other imaging modalities. Graph-based connectomic approaches have been previously used in schizophrenia to study structural and functional brain covariance using a diversity of techniques. The goal of the present study was to evaluate morphological covariance using a measure of local gyrification index in patients with schizophrenia. The aims of this study were two-fold: (1) Evaluate the structural covariance of local gyrification index using graph theory measures of integration and segregation in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls and (2) investigate changes in these measures following a short antipsychotic drug (APD) treatment. Using a longitudinal prospective design, structural scans were obtained prior to treatment in 34 unmedicated patients with SZ and after 6 weeks of treatment with risperidone. To control for the effect of time, 23 matched healthy controls (HC) were also scanned twice, 6 weeks apart. The cortical surface of each structural image was reconstructed and local gyrification index values were computed using FreeSurfer. Local gyrification index values where then parcellated into atlas based regions and entered into a 68 × 68 correlation matrix to construct local gyrification index connectomes for each group at each time point. Longitudinal comparisons showed significant group by time interactions for measures of segregation (clustering, local efficiency) and modularity, but not for measures of integration (path length, global efficiency). Post-hoc tests showed increased clustering, local efficiency, and modularity connectomes in unmedicated patients with SZ at baseline compared to HC. Post-hoc tests did not show significant within group differences for HCs or patients with SZ. After 6 weeks of treatment, there were no significant differences between the groups on these measures. Abnormal cortical topography is detected in schizophrenia and is modified by short term APD treatment reflective of decreases in hyper-specialization in network connectivity. We speculate that changes in the structural organization of the brain is achieved through the neuroplastic effects that APDs have on brain tissue, thus promoting more efficient brain connections and, possibly, a therapeutic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - David M White
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nina V Kraguljac
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Adrienne C Lahti
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
The cerebral cortex of the human brain has a complex morphological structure consisting of folded or smooth cortical surfaces. These morphological features are referred to as cortical gyrification and are characterized by the gyrification index (GI). A number of cortical gyrification studies have been published using the manual tracing GI, automated GI, and local GI in patients with schizophrenia. In this review, we highlighted abnormal cortical gyrification in patients with schizophrenia, first-episode schizophrenia, siblings of patients, and high-risk and at-risk individuals. Previous researches also indicated that abnormalities in cortical gyrification may underlie the severity of clinical symptoms, neurological soft signs, and executive functions. A substantial body of research has been conducted; however, some researches showed an increased GI, which is called as "hypergyria," and others showed a decreased GI, which is called as "hypogyria." We discussed that different GI methods and a wide variety of characteristics, such as age, sex, stage, and severity of illness, might be important reasons for the conflicting findings. These issues still need to be considered, and future studies should address them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukihisa Matsuda
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ohi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan, .,Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lubeiro A, de Luis-García R, Rodríguez M, Álvarez A, de la Red H, Molina V. Biological and cognitive correlates of cortical curvature in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2017; 270:68-75. [PMID: 29107210 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mean cortical curvature may relate to cortico-cortical connections integrity. We explored the association between prefrontal (PFC) cortical curvature and fractional anisotropy (FA) values for tracts connecting PFC and relevant cortical regions. In schizophrenia Anatomical and diffusion magnetic resonance images were obtained from 34 patients (16 of them first-episodes) and 32 healthy controls. We calculated curvature at rostral lateral prefrontal (RLPF) and superior medial prefrontal (SMPF) areas and mean FA for the tracts respectively connecting RLPF and SMPF areas with anterior caudal cingulate (ACC), superior temporal gyrus (STG) and superior parietal SP regions. Cognitive and clinical data were collected, including baseline symptoms, Clinical Global Impression change scores from baseline to follow-up, illness duration and treatment dosage. Patients showed significantly lower FA values in the tracts linking right RLPF-ACC, right SMPF-SPG and bilaterally PFC-STG. FA values in short-range cortico-cortical connections (linking PFC and ACC) were inversely associated with PFC curvature. In patients, cognitive performance was negatively associated with PFC curvature. Larger curvature values were associated to lack of clinical improvement at follow-up. We conclude that cortical curvature is influenced by integrity in short-range cortico-cortical connections and relates to cognition and clinical outcome in schizophrenia patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Lubeiro
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo de Luis-García
- Imaging Processing Laboratory, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 15, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Margarita Rodríguez
- Radiology Service, University Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Aldara Álvarez
- Psychiatry Service, Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Henar de la Red
- Psychiatry Service, Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Vicente Molina
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; Psychiatry Service, Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; Neurosciences Institute of Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Pintor Fernando Gallego, 1, 37007, Spain; CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health; Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang J, Zhou L, Cui C, Liu Z, Lu J. Gray matter morphological anomalies in the cerebellar vermis in first-episode schizophrenia patients with cognitive deficits. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:374. [PMID: 29166884 PMCID: PMC5700743 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1543-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits are a core feature of early schizophrenia. However, the pathological foundations underlying cognitive deficits are still unknown. The present study examined the association between gray matter density and cognitive deficits in first-episode schizophrenia. METHOD Structural magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed in 34 first-episode schizophrenia patients and 21 healthy controls. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to working memory task performance. The three groups were well matched for age, gender, and education, and the two patient groups were also further matched for diagnosis, duration of illness, and antipsychotic treatment. Voxel-based morphometric analysis was performed to estimate changes in gray matter density in first-episode schizophrenia patients with cognitive deficits. The relationships between gray matter density and clinical outcomes were explored. RESULTS Patients with cognitive deficits were found to have reduced gray matter density in the vermis and tonsil of cerebellum compared with patients without cognitive deficits and healthy controls, decreased gray matter density in left supplementary motor area, bilateral precentral gyrus compared with patients without cognitive deficits. Classifier results showed GMD in cerebellar vermis tonsil cluster could differentiate SZ-CD from controls, left supplementary motor area cluster could differentiate SZ-CD from SZ-NCD. Gray matter density values of the cerebellar vermis cluster in patients groups were positively correlated with cognitive severity. CONCLUSIONS Decreased gray matter density in the vermis and tonsil of cerebellum may underlie early psychosis and serve as a candidate biomarker for schizophrenia with cognitive deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjuan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute of Mental Health, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Chunlei Cui
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Institute of Mental Health, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053 China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sasabayashi D, Takayanagi Y, Takahashi T, Koike S, Yamasue H, Katagiri N, Sakuma A, Obara C, Nakamura M, Furuichi A, Kido M, Nishikawa Y, Noguchi K, Matsumoto K, Mizuno M, Kasai K, Suzuki M. Increased Occipital Gyrification and Development of Psychotic Disorders in Individuals With an At-Risk Mental State: A Multicenter Study. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 82:737-745. [PMID: 28709499 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anomalies of brain gyrification have been reported in schizophrenia, possibly reflecting its neurodevelopmental pathology. However, it remains elusive whether individuals at risk for psychotic disorders exhibit deviated gyrification patterns, and whether such findings, if present, are predictive of transition to psychotic disorders. METHODS This multicenter magnetic resonance imaging study investigated brain gyrification and its relationship to later transition to psychotic disorders in a large sample of at-risk mental state (ARMS) individuals. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained from 104 ARMS individuals, of whom 21 (20.2%) exhibited the transition to psychotic disorders during clinical follow-up (mean = 4.9 years, SD = 2.6 years), and 104 healthy control subjects at 4 different sites. The local gyrification index (LGI) of the entire cortex was compared across the groups using FreeSurfer software. RESULTS Compared with the control subjects, ARMS individuals showed a significantly higher LGI in widespread cortical areas, including the bilateral frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital regions, which was partly associated with prodromal symptomatology. ARMS individuals who exhibited the transition to psychotic disorders showed a significantly higher LGI in the left occipital region compared with individuals without transition. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that increased LGI in diverse cortical regions might represent vulnerability to psychopathology, while increased LGI in the left occipital cortex might be related to subsequent manifestation of florid psychotic disorders as a possible surrogate marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yamasue
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Katagiri
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sakuma
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chika Obara
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mihoko Nakamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Furuichi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mikio Kido
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nishikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kyo Noguchi
- Department of Radiology, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsumoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masafumi Mizuno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
High levels of neuroticism are associated with decreased cortical folding of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 267:579-584. [PMID: 28386766 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-017-0795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The personality trait neuroticism has been identified as a vulnerability factor for common psychiatric diseases and defining potential neuroanatomical markers for early recognition and prevention strategies is mandatory. Because both personality traits and cortical folding patterns are early imprinted and timely stable there is reason to hypothesize an association between neuroticism and cortical folding. Thus, to identify a putative linkage, we tested whether the degree of neuroticism is associated with local cortical folding in a sample of 109 healthy individuals using a surface-based MRI approach. Based on previous findings we additionally tested for a potential association with cortical thickness. We found a highly significant negative correlation between the degree of neuroticism and local cortical folding of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), i.e., high levels of neuroticism were associated with low cortical folding of the left DLPFC. No association was found with cortical thickness. The present study is the first to describe a linkage between the extent of local cortical folding and the individual degree of neuroticism in healthy subjects. Because neuroticism is a vulnerability factor for common psychiatric diseases such as depression our finding indicates that alterations of DLPFC might constitute a neurobiological marker elevating risk for psychiatric burden.
Collapse
|
40
|
Schultz CC, Wagner G, Schachtzabel C, Reichenbach JR, Schlösser RGM, Sauer H, Koch K. Increased white matter radial diffusivity is associated with prefrontal cortical folding deficits in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2017; 261:91-95. [PMID: 28171781 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal underpinnings of cortical folding alterations in schizophrenia remain unclear. Theories on the physiological development of cortical folds stress the importance of white matter fibers for this process and disturbances of fiber tracts might be relevant for cortical folding alterations in schizophrenia. Nine-teen patients with schizophrenia and 19 healthy subjects underwent T1-weighted MRI and DTI. Cortical folding was computed using a surface based approach. DTI was analyzed using FSL and SPM 5. Radial diffusivity and cortical folding were correlated covering the entire cortex in schizophrenia. Significantly increased radial diffusivity of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in the left superior temporal region was negatively correlated with cortical folding of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in patients, i.e. higher radial diffusivity, as an indicator for disturbed white matter fiber myelination, was associated with lower cortical folding of the left DLPFC. Patients with pronounced alterations of the SLF showed significantly reduced cortical folding in the left DLPFC. Our study provides novel evidence for a linkage between prefrontal cortical folding alterations and deficits in connecting white matter fiber tracts in schizophrenia and supports the notion that the integrity of white matter tracts is crucial for intact morphogenesis of the cortical folds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Christoph Schultz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Gerd Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Claudia Schachtzabel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen R Reichenbach
- Medical Physics Group, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf G M Schlösser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kathrin Koch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology & TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Schultz CC, Wagner G, de la Cruz F, Berger S, Reichenbach JR, Sauer H, Bär KJ. Evidence for alterations of cortical folding in anorexia nervosa. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 267:41-49. [PMID: 26678081 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-015-0666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is highly heritable, and the perspective on the etiology of AN has changed from a behavioral to a neurobiological and neurodevelopmental view. However, cortical folding as an important marker for deviations in brain development has yet rarely been explored in AN. Hence, in order to determine potential cortical folding alterations, we investigated fine-grained cortical folding in a cohort of 26 patients with AN, of whom 6 patients were recovered regarding their weight at the time point of MRI measurement. MRI-derived cortical folding was computed and compared between patients and healthy controls at about 150,000 points per hemisphere using a surface-based technique (FreeSurfer). Patients with AN exhibited highly significant increased cortical folding in a right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region (DLPFC). Furthermore, a statistical trend in the same direction was found in the right visual cortex. We did not find a correlation of local cortical folding and current symptoms of the disease. In conclusion, our analyses provide first evidence that altered DLPFC cortical folding plays a role in the etiology of AN. The absence of correlations with clinical parameters implicates a relatively independence of cortical folding alterations from the current symptomatology and might thus be regarded as a trait characteristic of the disease potentially related to other neurobiological features of AN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Christoph Schultz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07740, Jena, Germany.
| | - Gerd Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07740, Jena, Germany.,Psychiatric Brain & Body Research Group Jena, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Feliberto de la Cruz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07740, Jena, Germany.,Psychiatric Brain & Body Research Group Jena, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Sandy Berger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07740, Jena, Germany.,Psychiatric Brain & Body Research Group Jena, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen R Reichenbach
- Medical Physics Group, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07740, Jena, Germany
| | - Karl J Bär
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07740, Jena, Germany.,Psychiatric Brain & Body Research Group Jena, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pronounced prefronto-temporal cortical thinning in schizophrenia: Neuroanatomical correlate of suicidal behavior? Schizophr Res 2016; 176:151-157. [PMID: 27567290 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by increased mortality for which suicidality is the decisive factor. An analysis of cortical thickness and folding to further elucidate neuroanatomical correlates of suicidality in schizophrenia has not yet been performed. We searched for relevant brain regions with such differences between patients with suicide-attempts, patients without any suicidal thoughts and healthy controls. 37 schizophrenia patients (14 suicide-attempters and 23 non-suicidal) and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included. Suicidality was documented through clinical interview and chart review. All participants underwent T1-weighted MRI scans. Whole brain node-by-node cortical thickness and folding were estimated (FreeSurfer Software) and compared. Additionally a three group comparison for prefrontal regions-of-interest was performed in SPSS using a multifactorial GLM. Compared with the healthy controls patients showed a typical pattern of cortical thinning in prefronto-temporal regions and altered cortical folding in the right medial temporal cortex. Patients with suicidal behavior compared with non-suicidal patients demonstrated pronounced (p<0.05) cortical thinning in the right DLPFC and the superior temporal cortex. Comparing cortical thickness in suicidal patients with non-suicidal patients significant (p<0.05) cortical thinning was additionally found in the right superior and middle temporal, temporopolar and insular cortex. Our findings extend the evidence for neuroanatomical underpinnings of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia. We identified cortical thinning in a network strongly involved in regulation of impulsivity, emotions and planning of behaviour in suicide attempters, which might lead to neuronal dysregulation in this network and consequently to a higher risk of suicidal behavior.
Collapse
|
43
|
Kraguljac NV, White DM, Hadley N, Hadley JA, ver Hoef L, Davis E, Lahti AC. Aberrant Hippocampal Connectivity in Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia and Effects of Antipsychotic Medication: A Longitudinal Resting State Functional MRI Study. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:1046-55. [PMID: 26873890 PMCID: PMC4903060 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To better characterize hippocampal pathophysiology in schizophrenia, we conducted a longitudinal study evaluating hippocampal functional connectivity during resting state, using seeds prescribed in its anterior and posterior regions. We enrolled 34 unmedicated patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (SZ) and 34 matched healthy controls. SZ were scanned while off medication, then were treated with risperidone for 6 weeks and re-scanned (n = 22). Group differences in connectivity, as well as changes in connectivity over time, were assessed on the group's participant level functional connectivity maps. We found significant dysconnectivity with anterior and posterior hippocampal seeds in unmedicated SZ. Baseline connectivity between the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex, caudate nucleus, auditory cortex and calcarine sulcus in SZ predicted subsequent response to antipsychotic medications. These same regions demonstrated changes over the 6-week treatment trial that were correlated with symptomatic improvement. Our findings implicate several neural networks relevant to clinical improvement with antipsychotic medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Vanessa Kraguljac
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - David Matthew White
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Nathan Hadley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jennifer Ann Hadley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL;,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Lawrence ver Hoef
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ebony Davis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Adrienne Carol Lahti
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sasabayashi D, Takayanagi Y, Nishiyama S, Takahashi T, Furuichi A, Kido M, Nishikawa Y, Nakamura M, Noguchi K, Suzuki M. Increased Frontal Gyrification Negatively Correlates with Executive Function in Patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2016; 27:2686-2694. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
|
45
|
Altered modular organization in schizophrenia patients and analysis using supervised association rule mining. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
46
|
Squarcina L, Castellani U, Bellani M, Perlini C, Lasalvia A, Dusi N, Bonetto C, Cristofalo D, Tosato S, Rambaldelli G, Alessandrini F, Zoccatelli G, Pozzi-Mucelli R, Lamonaca D, Ceccato E, Pileggi F, Mazzi F, Santonastaso P, Ruggeri M, Brambilla P. Classification of first-episode psychosis in a large cohort of patients using support vector machine and multiple kernel learning techniques. Neuroimage 2015; 145:238-245. [PMID: 26690803 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
First episode psychosis (FEP) patients are of particular interest for neuroimaging investigations because of the absence of confounding effects due to medications and chronicity. Nonetheless, imaging data are prone to heterogeneity because for example of age, gender or parameter setting differences. With this work, we wanted to take into account possible nuisance effects of age and gender differences across dataset, not correcting the data as a pre-processing step, but including the effect of nuisance covariates in the classification phase. To this aim, we developed a method which, based on multiple kernel learning (MKL), exploits the effect of these confounding variables with a subject-depending kernel weighting procedure. We applied this method to a dataset of cortical thickness obtained from structural magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 127 FEP patients and 127 healthy controls, who underwent either a 3Tesla (T) or a 1.5T MRI acquisition. We obtained good accuracies, notably better than those obtained with standard SVM or MKL methods, up to more than 80% for frontal and temporal areas. To our best knowledge, this is the largest classification study in FEP population, showing that fronto-temporal cortical thickness can be used as a potential marker to classify patients with psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Squarcina
- UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy; InterUniversity Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences (ICBN), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Marcella Bellani
- UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy; InterUniversity Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences (ICBN), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- InterUniversity Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences (ICBN), University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Section of Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Lasalvia
- UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy
| | - Nicola Dusi
- UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy; InterUniversity Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences (ICBN), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonetto
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Doriana Cristofalo
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sarah Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Rambaldelli
- InterUniversity Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences (ICBN), University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Giada Zoccatelli
- Neuroradiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Dario Lamonaca
- Department of Psychiatry, CSM AULSS 21 Legnago, Verona, Italy
| | - Enrico Ceccato
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital of Montecchio Maggiore, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mirella Ruggeri
- UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
McCarthy CS, Ramprashad A, Thompson C, Botti JA, Coman IL, Kates WR. A comparison of FreeSurfer-generated data with and without manual intervention. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:379. [PMID: 26539075 PMCID: PMC4612506 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper examined whether FreeSurfer-generated data differed between a fully-automated, unedited pipeline and an edited pipeline that included the application of control points to correct errors in white matter segmentation. In a sample of 30 individuals, we compared the summary statistics of surface area, white matter volumes, and cortical thickness derived from edited and unedited datasets for the 34 regions of interest (ROIs) that FreeSurfer (FS) generates. To determine whether applying control points would alter the detection of significant differences between patient and typical groups, effect sizes between edited and unedited conditions in individuals with the genetic disorder, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) were compared to neurotypical controls. Analyses were conducted with data that were generated from both a 1.5 tesla and a 3 tesla scanner. For 1.5 tesla data, mean area, volume, and thickness measures did not differ significantly between edited and unedited regions, with the exception of rostral anterior cingulate thickness, lateral orbitofrontal white matter, superior parietal white matter, and precentral gyral thickness. Results were similar for surface area and white matter volumes generated from the 3 tesla scanner. For cortical thickness measures however, seven edited ROI measures, primarily in frontal and temporal regions, differed significantly from their unedited counterparts, and three additional ROI measures approached significance. Mean effect sizes for edited ROIs did not differ from most unedited ROIs for either 1.5 or 3 tesla data. Taken together, these results suggest that although the application of control points may increase the validity of intensity normalization and, ultimately, segmentation, it may not affect the final, extracted metrics that FS generates. Potential exceptions to and limitations of these conclusions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S McCarthy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Neuroimaging, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Avinash Ramprashad
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Neuroimaging, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Carlie Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Neuroimaging, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jo-Anna Botti
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Neuroimaging, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Ioana L Coman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Neuroimaging, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Wendy R Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychiatric Neuroimaging, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Palaniyappan L, Park B, Balain V, Dangi R, Liddle P. Abnormalities in structural covariance of cortical gyrification in schizophrenia. Brain Struct Funct 2015; 220:2059-71. [PMID: 24771247 PMCID: PMC4481329 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0772-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The highly convoluted shape of the adult human brain results from several well-coordinated maturational events that start from embryonic development and extend through the adult life span. Disturbances in these maturational events can result in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, resulting in abnormal patterns of morphological relationship among cortical structures (structural covariance). Structural covariance can be studied using graph theory-based approaches that evaluate topological properties of brain networks. Covariance-based graph metrics allow cross-sectional study of coordinated maturational relationship among brain regions. Disrupted gyrification of focal brain regions is a consistent feature of schizophrenia. However, it is unclear if these localized disturbances result from a failure of coordinated development of brain regions in schizophrenia. We studied the structural covariance of gyrification in a sample of 41 patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls by constructing gyrification-based networks using a 3-dimensional index. We found that several key regions including anterior insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex show increased segregation in schizophrenia, alongside reduced segregation in somato-sensory and occipital regions. Patients also showed a lack of prominence of the distributed covariance (hubness) of cingulate cortex. The abnormal segregated folding pattern in the right peri-sylvian regions (insula and fronto-temporal cortex) was associated with greater severity of illness. The study of structural covariance in cortical folding supports the presence of subtle deviation in the coordinated development of cortical convolutions in schizophrenia. The heterogeneity in the severity of schizophrenia could be explained in part by aberrant trajectories of neurodevelopment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Palaniyappan
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Room-09, C Floor, Institute of Mental Health Building, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, England, UK,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Smith GN, Thornton AE, Lang DJ, MacEwan GW, Kopala LC, Su W, Honer WG. Cortical morphology and early adverse birth events in men with first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1825-1837. [PMID: 25499574 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171400292x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced cortical gray-matter volume is commonly observed in patients with psychosis. Cortical volume is a composite measure that includes surface area, thickness and gyrification. These three indices show distinct maturational patterns and may be differentially affected by early adverse events. The study goal was to determine the impact of two distinct obstetrical complications (OCs) on cortical morphology. METHOD A detailed birth history and MRI scans were obtained for 36 patients with first-episode psychosis and 16 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Perinatal hypoxia and slow fetal growth were associated with cortical volume (Cohen's d = 0.76 and d = 0.89, respectively) in patients. However, the pattern of associations differed across the three components of cortical volume. Both hypoxia and fetal growth were associated with cortical surface area (d = 0.88 and d = 0.72, respectively), neither of these two OCs was related to cortical thickness, and hypoxia but not fetal growth was associated with gyrification (d = 0.85). No significant associations were found within the control sample. CONCLUSIONS Cortical dysmorphology was associated with OCs. The use of a global measure of cortical morphology or a global measure of OCs obscured important relationships between these measures. Gyrification is complete before 2 years and its strong relationship with hypoxia suggests an early disruption to brain development. Cortical thickness matures later and, consistent with previous research, we found no association between thickness and OCs. Finally, cortical surface area is largely complete by puberty and the present results suggest that events during childhood do not fully compensate for the effects of early disruptive events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G N Smith
- Department of Psychiatry,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,Canada
| | - A E Thornton
- Department of Psychology,Simon Fraser University,Burnaby,Canada
| | - D J Lang
- Department of Radiology,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,Canada
| | - G W MacEwan
- Department of Psychiatry,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,Canada
| | - L C Kopala
- Department of Psychiatry,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,Canada
| | - W Su
- Department of Psychiatry,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,Canada
| | - W G Honer
- Department of Psychiatry,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Scanlon C, Anderson-Schmidt H, Kilmartin L, McInerney S, Kenney J, McFarland J, Waldron M, Ambati S, Fullard A, Logan S, Hallahan B, Barker GJ, Elliott MA, McCarthy P, Cannon DM, McDonald C. Cortical thinning and caudate abnormalities in first episode psychosis and their association with clinical outcome. Schizophr Res 2014; 159:36-42. [PMID: 25124520 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
First episode psychosis (FEP) has been associated with structural brain changes, largely identified by volumetric analyses. Advances in neuroimaging processing have made it possible to measure geometric properties that may identify subtle structural changes not appreciated by a measure of volume alone. In this study we adopt complementary methods of assessing the structural integrity of grey matter in FEP patients and assess whether these relate to patient clinical and functional outcome at 3 year follow-up. 1.5 Tesla T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance (MR) images were acquired for 46 patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis and 46 healthy controls. Cerebral cortical thickness and local gyrification index (LGI) were investigated using FreeSurfer software. Volume and shape of the hippocampus, caudate and lateral ventricles were assessed using manual tracing and spherical harmonics applied for shape description. A cluster of cortical thinning was identified in FEP compared to controls; this was located in the right superior temporal gyrus, sulcus, extended into the middle temporal gyrus (lateral temporal cortex - LTC). Bilateral caudate volumes were significantly lower in FEP relative to controls and the right caudate also displayed regions of shape deflation in the FEP group. No significant structural abnormalities were identified in cortical LGI or hippocampal or lateral ventricle volume/shape. Neither LTC nor caudate abnormalities were related to change in symptom severity or global functioning 3 years later. LTC and caudate abnormalities are present at the first episode of psychosis but do not appear to directly affect clinical or functional outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Scanlon
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; NCBES Galway Neuroscience Center, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Heike Anderson-Schmidt
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section of Psychiatric Genetics, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Georg-August University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Liam Kilmartin
- College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Shane McInerney
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Joanne Kenney
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; NCBES Galway Neuroscience Center, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - John McFarland
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mairead Waldron
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; NCBES Galway Neuroscience Center, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Srinath Ambati
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; NCBES Galway Neuroscience Center, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anna Fullard
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sam Logan
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Brian Hallahan
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gareth J Barker
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, London, UK
| | - Mark A Elliott
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; NCBES Galway Neuroscience Center, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter McCarthy
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dara M Cannon
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; NCBES Galway Neuroscience Center, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Colm McDonald
- Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; NCBES Galway Neuroscience Center, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|