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Devi J, Mandal H, Das S, Gogoi N, Chattopadhyay P, Bhattacharya SS. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) remediation during vermicomposting and composting: Mechanistic insights through PAH-budgeting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:105202-105219. [PMID: 37710064 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29705-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on the mechanism of earthworm-induced removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in vermicomposting systems and interaction with nutrient mineralization and microbial growth is scarce in literature. Moreover, the PAH accumulation capacity of Eudrilus eugeniae has not been studied. This research, therefore, investigates the apportionment dynamics of 13 PAH compounds in aerobic composting and vermicomposting (Eisenia fetida and E. eugeniae) systems using novel budget equations. The PAH removal efficiency of vermicomposting was significantly higher (2-threefold) than composting with concurrent microbial augmentation (p < 0.01). However, the 4-6 ring compounds reduced more significantly (30-50%) than the 3-ring PAHs (p < 0.01), and E. eugeniae was an equally competitive PAH-accumulator compared to E. fetida. The budget equations revealed that although the bioaccumulation capabilities of earthworms were retarded due to PAH exposure, earthworms facilitated PAH-immobilization in decomposed feedstock. A marked increase in bacterial, fungal, and actinomycetes proliferation in PAH-spiked vermibeds with parallel removal of the PAHs indicated that earthworm-induced microbial enrichment plays a vital role in PAH detoxification during vermicomposting. Correlation analyses strongly implied that earthworm-driven mineralization-humification balancing and microbial enrichment could be the critical mechanism of PAH remediation under vermicomposting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnashri Devi
- Soil and Agro Bio-Engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Himadri Mandal
- Soil and Agro Bio-Engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Subhasish Das
- Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University (Pachhunga University College), Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Nayanmoni Gogoi
- Ecohydrology and Biomaterials Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784 028, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Solmara, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro Bio-Engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
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Koniarz T, Baran A, Tarnawski M, Jewiarz M. Immobilisation of metals from bottom sediments using two additives and thermal treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158157. [PMID: 35988627 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A major problem associated with the land-based management of bottom sediments is their contamination with metals. The aims of the study were: 1) to use two additives for the immobilisation of metals; and 2) to evaluate the effect of three combustion temperatures on metal content and bottom sediment properties. The mixtures were prepared using contaminated bottom sediment and the following waste materials: cellulosic waste and biomass ash. In the second experiment, the bottom sediment samples were subjected to a thermal process, and three temperatures were chosen 500/800/950 °C. Overall, the addition of cellulosic waste and biomass ash to acidic, metal-contaminated bottom sediments significantly improved the properties of the resulting mixtures, including an increase in the pH value, sorption capacity, macronutrient content, and a decrease in the content and mobility of metals (Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr). The study confirmed the effectiveness of the thermal process on a significant reduction in the ecotoxicity of the sediments, a reduction in total content of elements, and a decrease in their leachability, and thus mobility, with increasing process temperature. The study results revealed that the converted contaminated bottom sediments can be effectively managed, provided that further studies on their technical application are carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Koniarz
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Geotechnics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Baran
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Marek Tarnawski
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Geotechnics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland.
| | - Marcin Jewiarz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Agrophysics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland.
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3
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Xu P, Chen X, Li K, Meng R, Pu Y. Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Alliances for Efficient Degradation of PHE: Microbial Community Structure and Reconstruction of Metabolic Network. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12039. [PMID: 36231339 PMCID: PMC9565075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a widespread organic pollutant worldwide. In this study, a highly efficient phenanthrene (PHE)-degrading microbial community was enriched from oil extraction soil, which could degrade 500 mg/L PHE within 4 days. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, the dominant bacteria in this community at the phylum level were found to be Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Metagenomic annotation of genes revealed the metabolic pathways and the contribution of different bacteria to the degradation process. Pseudomonadaceae contributed multiple functional genes in the degradation process. This study revealed the functional genes, metabolic pathways, and microbial interactions of the microbial community, which are expected to provide guidance for practical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kai Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rong Meng
- The Husbandry Technology Promotion Center of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Yuewu Pu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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4
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Zouch A, Mamindy-Pajany Y, Abriak NE, Ksibi M. Storage facilities reclamation using dredged sediments from waterways: Growing media formulation for plants according to the EU Ecolabel requirements. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2022; 40:822-835. [PMID: 34142627 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211025201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dredged sediments display a great potential for growing media applications; however, there are few studies about their beneficial reuse for the waste storage reclamation. This research study aims at checking the agronomic values and environmental impacts of three growing media based on waterways sediments (WSs) and green waste (GW) according ecolabel requirements. For this purpose, three growing media named GW0, GW25, and GW50 were prepared at field pilot scale by co-composting WS and GWs during 12 months. Samples were submitted to ecolabel analyses package. Following to the ecolabel requirements, the growing media comply with criteria like pH, electrical conductivity, trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contents, chlorides, and pathogens, whereas they are not in compliance with the EU Ecolabel guidelines for propagules, organic matter, and zinc contents. Results of laboratory leaching tests performed according to NF EN 12457-2 for GW0, GW25, and GW50 have shown that sulfates, soluble fraction exceed limit for inert waste storage. Lysimeter tests at pilot scale were performed during 6 months to check the leaching potential of pollutants from growing media under real field conditions, including a European ecolabel product. Results demonstrate that Ba, Mo, Sb, Zn, Se, and Sb are higher in GW0, GW25, and GW50 than in the European ecolabel. As, Cd, Cr, Ni, and F- are more soluble in the commercial product compared to other growing media. This study allowed to demonstrate that main characteristics are fulfilling for reusing these growing media in the specific field of waste storage reclamation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Zouch
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement et Ecotechnologie, GEET-ENIS, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Yannick Mamindy-Pajany
- Centre for Materials and Processes, IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, University of Lille, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Artois, Junia, Lille, France
| | - Nor-Edine Abriak
- Centre for Materials and Processes, IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, University of Lille, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Artois, Junia, Lille, France
| | - Mohamed Ksibi
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement et Ecotechnologie, GEET-ENIS, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Gustavo Adolfo GF, Wolf-Anno B, Martin R, Christina S. Co-composting of biochar and nitrogen-poor organic residues: Nitrogen losses and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 143:84-94. [PMID: 35240450 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Composting recycles nutrients and biodegrades organic pollutants, but often results in N leaching. Biochar can enhance the composting process and reduce N losses. Research, however, has focused on composting N-rich residues; also, information on the fate of biochar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during composting is scarce. We explored the composting of biochar with N-poor organic residues as a strategy to reduce N losses and biochar PAHs. A small-scale composting experiment was performed with three treatments: 100% yard residues and two mixtures of 85% yard residues and 15% gasification- or pyrolysis-derived biochar. Temperatures were recorded daily during composting and Nlosses and changes in PAHs loads were calculated. Results across all treatments showed overall low N losses, likely caused by low temperatures and N contents, circumneutral pH values, and absence of leachate, and simultaneous immobilization and mineralization of PAH contents. Treatments with biochar showed a slower release of inorganic N (NO3--N and NH4+-N), although they also had overall lower inorganic N contents. This slower release of inorganic N may relate to biochar's high surface area. We conclude that biochar provides valuable benefits for N-poor composting, and that composting should be further explored as a promising strategy to reduce the contents of PAHs in biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gutiérrez-Fernández Gustavo Adolfo
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | | | - Ricker Martin
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Siebe Christina
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
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Khoshtinat F, Tabatabaie T, Ramavandi B, Hashemi S. Phenol removal kinetics from synthetic wastewater by activation of persulfate using a catalyst generated from shipping ports sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131265. [PMID: 34182645 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Disposal sludges from shipping docks contain elements that have the potential to catalyze the desired treatment process. The current work was designed to decompose phenol from wastewater by activation peroxymonosulfate (PMS) using a catalyst made from sea sediments (at 400 °C for 3 h). The catalyst had a crystalline form and contained metal oxides. The parameters of pH (3-9), catalyst dose (0-80 mg/L), phenol concentration (50-250 mg/L), and PMS dose (0-250 mg/L) were tested to specify the favorable phenol removal. The phenol removal of 99% in the waste sludge catalyst/PMS system was achieved at pH 5, catalyst quantity of 30 mg/L, phenol content of 50 mg/L, PMS dose of 150 mg/L, and reaction time of 150 min. From the results, it was implied that the pH factor was more important in removing phenol with the studied system than other factors. By-products and phenol decomposition pathways were also provided. The results showed that the sea sediment catalyst/PMS system is a vital alternative for removing phenol from wastewater medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feyzollah Khoshtinat
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Tabatabaie
- Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Seyedenayat Hashemi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Cecchi G, Cutroneo L, Di Piazza S, Besio G, Capello M, Zotti M. Port Sediments: Problem or Resource? A Review Concerning the Treatment and Decontamination of Port Sediments by Fungi and Bacteria. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061279. [PMID: 34208305 PMCID: PMC8231108 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination of marine sediments by organic and/or inorganic compounds represents one of the most critical problems in marine environments. This issue affects not only biodiversity but also ecosystems, with negative impacts on sea water quality. The scientific community and the European Commission have recently discussed marine environment and ecosystem protection and restoration by sustainable green technologies among the main objectives of their scientific programmes. One of the primary goals of sustainable restoration and remediation of contaminated marine sediments is research regarding new biotechnologies employable in the decontamination of marine sediments, to consider sediments as a resource in many fields such as industry. In this context, microorganisms—in particular, fungi and bacteria—play a central and crucial role as the best tools of sustainable and green remediation processes. This review, carried out in the framework of the Interreg IT-FR Maritime GEREMIA Project, collects and shows the bioremediation and mycoremediation studies carried out on marine sediments contaminated with ecotoxic metals and organic pollutants. This work evidences the potentialities and limiting factors of these biotechnologies and outlines the possible future scenarios of the bioremediation of marine sediments, and also highlights the opportunities of an integrated approach that involves fungi and bacteria together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Cecchi
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.); (S.D.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Laura Cutroneo
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.); (S.D.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Simone Di Piazza
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.); (S.D.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Giovanni Besio
- DICCA, University of Genoa, 1 Via Montallegro, I-16145 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Marco Capello
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.); (S.D.P.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mirca Zotti
- DISTAV, University of Genoa, 26 Corso Europa, I-16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.C.); (L.C.); (S.D.P.); (M.Z.)
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Barčauskaitė K, Mažeika R. Chemical composition and risk assessment of spring barley grown in artificially contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21684-21695. [PMID: 33411288 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A model contaminated system was developed to determine mechanisms of napthalene bioaccumulation and effect on the mineral composition of spring barley grain and straw grown in the Calcari-Endohypogleyic Luvisol. The soil was mixed with green waste compost and spiked with naphthalene which concentration varied from 0 to 500 ppm. Obtained results indicate that naphthalene additive at the concentration rate from 100 to 500 ppm reduced spring barley germination. The significant lower weight of green mass per pot, one plant weight and mass of 1000 grains were observed in the amendment with the highest naphthalene concentration (500 ppm). It was determined the daily intake (ED) of 16PAHs via spring barley grain and incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR). Estimated ED and ILCR of 16PAHs via spring barley ranged from 1.00 to 3.78 ng day-1 and 3.79 to 14.3 × 10-5 respectively. It should be noted that obtained results are higher around 10 times compared to previous studies performed using wheat grain. This study presents the mechanisms of naphthalene bioaccumulation and effect on the mineral composition of the most common agricultural plant spring barley grain and straw. Spring barley grain was found to have a higher content of nitrogen (N), boron (B) and phosphorous (P), whereas straw had a higher content of potassium (K), sodium (Na), chromium (Cr) and calcium (Ca).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Barčauskaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344, Kėdainiai distr., Lithuania.
| | - Romas Mažeika
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344, Kėdainiai distr., Lithuania
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9
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Degradation and effect of 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol in aerobic composting of sludge. Biodegradation 2021; 32:99-112. [PMID: 33481147 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-020-09924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs) is toxic to the environment and human health. However, the degradation characteristics of fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs), precursors of PFACAs biodegradation, in the sludge during aerobic composting remain unclear. In this study, the degradation characteristics of 6:2 FTOH in sewage sludge by composting were researched and the influences of 6:2 FTOH on the composting process and microbial communities of the sludge were evaluated. After 52 days of composting, 6:2 FTOH retained only 0.73% of its original concentration, and its half-life was less than 1 d; 6:2 FTOH was degraded finally to perfluorohex unsaturated acid, perfluoropentanoic acid, 5:3 polyfluorinated acid (FTCA), 4:3 FTCA, and perfluorobutanoic acid through two pathways; and 6:2 FTCA and 6:2 fluorotel unsaturated acid were the intermediate products. Notably, dosing with 6:2 FTOH affected the composting process of sewage sludge. Additionally, 50 mg/kg 6:2 FTOH resulted in a decrease in the microbial richness and diversity of sludge compost. When compared with the compost without 6:2 FTOH, the proportion of Proteobacteria had increased, and the proportion of Firmicutes had decreased as the concentration of 6:2 FTOH increased. The negative effect of a dosage of 50 mg/kg 6:2 FTOH was more obvious than the effect of other treatments. This study expanded our understanding of the risk of sludge contaminated by 6:2 FTOH being used as a fertilizer after composting.
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Bianco F, Race M, Papirio S, Oleszczuk P, Esposito G. The addition of biochar as a sustainable strategy for the remediation of PAH-contaminated sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128274. [PMID: 33297218 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of sediments by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been widely spread for years due to human activities, imposing the research and development of effective remediation technologies for achieving efficient treatment and reuse of sediments. In this context, the amendment of biochar in PAH-contaminated sediments has been lately proposed as an innovative and sustainable technology. This review provides detailed information about the mechanisms and impacts associated with the supplementation of biochar to sediments polluted by PAHs. The properties of biochar employed in these applications have been thoroughly examined. Sorption onto biochar is the main mechanism involved in PAH removal from sediments. Sorption efficiency can be significantly improved even in the presence of a low remediation time (i.e. 30 d) when a multi-PAH system is used and biochar is provided with a high dosage (i.e. by 5% in a mass ratio with the sediment) and a specific surface area of approximately 360 m2 g-1. The use of biochar results in a decrease (i.e. up to 20%) of the PAH degradation during bioaugmentation and phytoremediation of sediments, as a consequence of the reduction of PAH bioavailability and an increase of water and nutrient retention. In contrast, PAH degradation has been reported to increase up to 54% when nitrate is used as electron acceptor in low-temperature biochar-amended sediments. Finally, biochar is effective in co-application with Fe2+ for the persulfate degradation of PAHs (i.e. up to 80%), mainly when a high catalyst dose and an acidic pH are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bianco
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy.
| | - Marco Race
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy
| | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
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11
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Wang F, Dong W, Zhao Z, Wang H, Chen G, Zhao Y, Huang J, Zhou T, Zhang S, Xu Y, Wang F. Spatial and vertical distribution, composition profiles, sources, and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon residues in the sediments of an urban tributary: A case study of the Songgang River, Shenzhen, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115360. [PMID: 32836015 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the Songgang River (SR) was selected as a typical tributary that is heavily polluted by rapid urbanization and industrialization. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) distribution at five representative sampling sites from different urban functional areas was studied. The chemical and physical properties and spatial and vertical distribution of PAHs in sediments were investigated. PAH source identification and the ecological risks of the sediments were evaluated. The results suggested that the industrial zone and dense residential and commercial areas were the most contaminated areas of the SR, as the chemical and physical properties of total organic carbon content in sediments was the highest at the dense residential and commercial areas (0.1-4.5%); however, the acid volatile sulfide, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus contents were the highest in the industrial zone, with ranges of 700.0-1618.4 mg/kg dw, 22.4-3543.9 mg/kg dw, and 82.3-4550.7 mg/kg dw, respectively. The spatial distribution of residual PAHs in the sediment cores showed a wide variation among different urban functional areas, and the vertical characterization (0-300 cm) depicted a significant decreasing trend with depth and with an abrupt increase at 180 cm. The concentration of ∑16 PAHs ranged from 208.7 to 7709.8 ng/g dw, with the highest concentrations obtained in the industrial zone. The low molecular weight-PAHs (153-6720 ng/g dw) were predominant in the sediments. Furthermore, there were combined sources (biomass burning: 40.3%; fossil fuel combustion: 25.5%; mixed source: 21.5%; oil pollution: 12.7%) and a long term accumulation effect, with anthropogenic activities and industrial pollution as the major contributing sources. The concentrations of Nap, Acy, Ace, Flu, and Ant exceeded the lower limit of the sediment quality criteria, and higher toxic equivalent concentration values of the total carcinogenic PAHs were observed nearby the midstream of the SR, which may cause adverse biological effects and implies a need for regular monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Wenyi Dong
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Hongjie Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Guanhan Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Shunli Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Yunan Xu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Feifei Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
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12
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Damiri F, Dobaradaran S, Hashemi S, Foroutan R, Vosoughi M, Sahebi S, Ramavandi B, Camilla Boffito D. Waste sludge from shipping docks as a catalyst to remove amoxicillin in water with hydrogen peroxide and ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 68:105187. [PMID: 32485627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The waste sludge from shipping docks contains important elements that can be used as a catalyst after proper processing. The purpose of this study was to remove of amoxicillin (AMX) from the aquatic environment using waste sludge from shipping docks as catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide/ultrasound waves. The catalyst was produced by treating waste sludge at 400 °C for 2 h. N2 adsorption, SEM, XRD, XRF, and FTIR techniques characterized the structural and physical properties of the catalyst. The BET-specific surface area of the catalyst reduced after AMX removal from 4.4 m2/g to 3.6 m2/g. To determine the optimal removal conditions, the parameters of the design of experiments were pH (5-9), contaminant concentration (5-100 mg/L), catalyst dosage (0.5-6 g/L), and concentration of hydrogen peroxide (10-100 mM). The maximum removal of AMX (98%) was obtained in the catalyst/hydrogen peroxide/ultrasound system at pH 5, catalyst dose of 4.5 g/L, H2O2 concentration of 50 mM, AMX concentration of 5 mg/L, and contact time of 60 min. The kinetics of removal of AMX from urine (k = 0.026 1/min), hospital wastewater (k = 0.021 1/min), and distilled water (k = 0.067 1/min) followed a first-order kinetic model (R2>0.91). The catalyst was reused up to 8 times and the AMX removal decreased to 45% in the last use. The byproducts and reaction pathway of AMX degradation were also investigated. The results clearly show that to achieve high pollutant removal rate the H2O2/ultrasound and catalyst/ultrasound synergy plays a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Damiri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Seyedenayat Hashemi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Rauf Foroutan
- Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Mehdi Vosoughi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Soleyman Sahebi
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Daria Camilla Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P., 6079, Succ. CV Montréal, H3C 3A7, Québec, Canada.
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Bianco F, Monteverde G, Race M, Papirio S, Esposito G. Comparing performances, costs and energy balance of ex situ remediation processes for PAH-contaminated marine sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:19363-19374. [PMID: 32212083 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes a comparison of different ex situ technologies aimed at the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from marine sediments in terms of performances, costs and energy balance. In accordance with the principles of water-energy nexus, anaerobic bioremediation, soil washing and thermal desorption were investigated under low liquid phase and temperature conditions using phenanthrene (PHE) as model compound. After 42 days of anaerobic bioremediation, the highest PHE biodegradation of 68 and 64% was observed under denitrifying and methanogenic conditions, respectively, accompanied by N2 and CH4 production and volatile fatty acid accumulation. During soil washing, more than 97% of PHE was removed after 60 min using a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3. Along the same treatment time, low-temperature thermal desorption (LTTD) allowed a PHE removal of 88% at 200 °C. The economic analysis indicated that LTTD resulted in a higher cost (i.e. 1782 € m-3) than bioremediation and soil washing (228 and 371 € m-3, respectively). The energy balance also suggested that bioremediation and soil washing are more sustainable technologies as a lower required energy (i.e. 16 and 14 kWh m-3, respectively) than LTTD (i.e. 417 kWh m-3) is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bianco
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy.
| | - Gelsomino Monteverde
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Race
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy
| | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Napoli, Italy
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14
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Bioremediation of PAH-Contaminated Soils: Process Enhancement through Composting/Compost. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10113684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bioremediation of contaminated soils has gained increasing interest in recent years as a low-cost and environmentally friendly technology to clean soils polluted with anthropogenic contaminants. However, some organic pollutants in soil have a low biodegradability or are not bioavailable, which hampers the use of bioremediation for their removal. This is the case of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which normally are stable and hydrophobic chemical structures. In this review, several approaches for the decontamination of PAH-polluted soil are presented and discussed in detail. The use of compost as biostimulation- and bioaugmentation-coupled technologies are described in detail, and some parameters, such as the stability of compost, deserve special attention to obtain better results. Composting as an ex situ technology, with the use of some specific products like surfactants, is also discussed. In summary, the use of compost and composting are promising technologies (in all the approaches presented) for the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.
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15
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Bianco F, Race M, Papirio S, Esposito G. Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during anaerobic biostimulation of marine sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136141. [PMID: 31887522 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes the supplementation of digestate, fresh organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and a nutrient solution during the anaerobic biostimulation of marine sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The experimental activity was conducted with four PAHs (i.e. phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene) under controlled mesophilic conditions (37 ± 1 °C) in 100 mL serum bottles maintained at 130 rpm. After 120 days of incubation, the highest total PAH degradation of 53 and 55% was observed in the experiments with digestate + nutrients and OFMSW + nutrients, respectively. Phenanthrene was the most degraded PAH and the highest removal of 69% was achieved with OFMSW + nutrients. The anaerobic PAH degradation proceeded through the accumulation of volatile fatty acids and the production of hydrogen and methane as biogas constituents. The highest cumulative biohydrogen production of 80 mL H2·g VS-1 was obtained when OFMSW was used as the sole amendment, whereas the highest biomethane yield of 140 mL CH4·g VS-1 was obtained with OFMSW + nutrients. The evolution of PAH removal during anaerobic digestion revealed a higher impact of the methanogenic phase rather than acidogenic phase on PAH degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bianco
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy.
| | - M Race
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - S Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - G Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy
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16
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Guo Y, Rene ER, Wang J, Ma W. Biodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and the influence of environmental factors during the co-composting of sewage sludge and green forest waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122434. [PMID: 31787509 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this research was to study the biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the influence of environmental factors during composting in order to realize the utilization of PAHs contaminated sewage sludge. A production scale compost experiment was conducted with three mixtures of sewage sludge (SS): green forest waste (GFW) at quality ratios of 3:1 (T1), 3:2 (T2) and 3:3 (T3). The residual concentration of PAHs in the three treatments met the permissible limit prescribed by the Agricultural Sludge Pollutant Control Standard (GB 4284-2018). The biodegradation rates of PAHs were 0.0280, 0.0281 and 0.0218 mg/d, and removal efficiencies were 70.7%, 75.2% and 62.4% in T1, T2, T3, respectively, which followed the first-order rate kinetics. The residual concentration of PAHs in T2 was the lowest (1.81 mg/kg), while the germination index (GI) of Tall Fescues (~0.9) was the highest during 50 days of co-composting. The bacterial diversity negatively correlated with the residual PAHs content. The main genus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Methylotenera, with cellulose-degrading and PAHs co-metabolizing functions contributed significantly to sludge maturation and PAHs degradation. The dominant microorganisms, Pseudomonas, Sphingobacterium and Chitinophagaceae_uncultured, could support the high removal rate of PAHs in T2. Temperature, pH, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio had significant positive effect on the compost maturity and quality, and these parameters correlated with the PAHs biodegradation efficiency during composting, especially in T2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Eldon R Rene
- IHE-Delft, Institute for Water Education, Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Junjing Wang
- Beijing Drainage Group Technology Research and Development Center, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Weifang Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Farzadkia M, Esrafili A, Gholami M, Koolivand A. Effect of immature and mature compost addition on petroleum contaminated soils composting: kinetics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2019; 17:839-846. [PMID: 32030157 PMCID: PMC6985388 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-019-00400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The kinetic studies and effect of amendment addition on the performance of the composting process in reduction of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from petroleum contaminated soils (PCS) were investigated in the present research. METHODS Seven composting experiments containing various mixing ratios of PCS to unfinished compost (UC) and finished compost (FC) were set up and operated for 14 weeks. The mixing rations consisted of 1:0 (as control experiment), 1:0.3, 1:0.6, and 1:1. The initial C/N/P and moisture contents of the composting piles were adjusted to 100/5/1 and 50-55%, respectively. RESULTS Results showed that 50.09-79.49% of TPH was removed in the composting experiments after 14 weeks. The highest and lowest removal rates were achieved in the ratios of 1:1 and 1:0.3, respectively. Moreover, application of UC as amendments and bulking agent is more efficient than FC. The biodecomposition of TPH was fitted to the first-order kinetic with the half lives and rate constants of 5.63-11.55 days and 0.060-0.123 d-1, respectively. The bacteria detected from the composting treatments were Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp., and Pseudomonas sp. CONCLUSIONS The study confirmed the suitability of composting process for PCS bioremediation and superiority of UC than FC as bulking agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Farzadkia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Koolivand
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, P.O. BOX: 3818146851 Iran
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18
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Tozzi F, Pecchioli S, Renella G, Melgarejo P, Legua P, Macci C, Doni S, Masciandaro G, Giordani E, Lenzi A. Remediated marine sediment as growing medium for lettuce production: assessment of agronomic performance and food safety in a pilot experiment. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5624-5630. [PMID: 31102413 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of reclaimed dredged sediments as growing media may offer a profitable alternative to their disposal as a waste and at the same time meets the need of peat-substitute substrates in horticulture. When sediments are reused to cultivate food crops, issues related to human health rise due to potential accumulation of contaminants in the product. This pilot study aimed at verifying the suitability of a reclaimed dredged port sediment, used pure or mixed with peat, as a growing medium for lettuce cultivation. RESULTS The pure sediment caused a reduction in crop yield, probably due to its unsuitable physical properties, whereas the mixture sediment-peat and pure peat resulted in the same yield. Although the sediment contained potentially phytotoxic heavy metals and some organic pollutants, no symptoms of plant toxicity were noted. Besides, no organic contaminants were detected in lettuce heads, and heavy metals amounts were not hazardous for consumers. Conversely, plants grown in the sediment were particularly rich in minerals like Ca, Mg and Fe, and showed higher concentrations of organic acids and antioxidants. CONCLUSION The use of the sediment as a growing medium for lettuce was shown to be safe for both inorganic and organic contaminants. Nevertheless, considering crop yield results, the mixture of the sediment with other materials is recommended in order to produce a substrate with more suitable physicochemical properties for vegetable cultivation. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Tozzi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Pecchioli
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Renella
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Pablo Melgarejo
- Department of Plant Science and Microbiology, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Orihuela, Spain
| | - Pilar Legua
- Department of Plant Science and Microbiology, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Orihuela, Spain
| | - Cristina Macci
- Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Research Council of Italy, Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Doni
- Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Research Council of Italy, Pisa, Italy
| | - Grazia Masciandaro
- Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Research Council of Italy, Pisa, Italy
| | - Edgardo Giordani
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Lenzi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Alves D, Villar I, Mato S. Thermophilic composting of hydrocarbon residue with sewage sludge and fish sludge as cosubstrates: Microbial changes and TPH reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 239:30-37. [PMID: 30878872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The hydrocarbon residue in petroleum product storage tanks is waste generated in large quantities that must be properly managed to reduce its risk to the environment. By comparing the effect of two organic cosubstrates, the aim of our research is to determine the feasibility of composting as a bioremediation method for the treatment of the solid phase of the hydrocarbon residue. For this purpose, four treatments of the pollutant waste were established in triplicate: waste only; waste with bulking agent (1:2); waste with fish sludge and bulking agent (1:2:6); and waste with municipal sewage sludge and bulking agent (1:2:6). The composting system consisted of 12 reactors with a capacity of 30 L, each equipped with aeration and temperature control. Both at the beginning and the end of the experiment (20 days), we evaluated the physicochemical parameters, the structure of the microbial community through phospholipid fatty acid analysis, and the total petroleum hydrocarbon content (TPH). Treatments with cosubstrates maintained thermophilic temperatures, during 14 and 8 days in fish and municipal sludge respectively, while in the controls mesophilic conditions were maintained. The incorporation of fish sludge decreased TPH present in the initial mixture by 39.5%. The municipal sludge treatment resulted in a lower of temperatures and a TPH decrease close to 23.9%. In the control treatments, there was a slight TPH decrease, mainly due to the forced ventilation. Although, both composting treatments with cosubstrates proved adequate for the bioremediation of residue from hydrocarbon storage tanks, fish sludge presented best bioremediation conditions. Municipal sewage sludge provided a bioaugmentation effect due to its rich diversity and microbial biomass. Fish sludge could have biostimulant and surfactant effect producing an aliphatic mixture of pollutant waste with the nutritional requirements to promote the development of fungal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Alves
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Iria Villar
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Salustiano Mato
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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Košnář Z, Wiesnerová L, Částková T, Kroulíková S, Bouček J, Mercl F, Tlustoš P. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in biomass fly ash by co-composting and co-vermicomposting. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 369:79-86. [PMID: 30772690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An experiment was established to compare composting and vermicomposting for decreasing the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in biomass fly ash incorporated into organic waste mixtures. PAH removal from the ash-organic waste mixture was compared to the same mixture spiked with PAHs. The removal of 16 individual ash PAHs ranged between 28.7 and 98.5% during the 240 day experiment. Greater dissipation of total PAH content of ash origin was observed at the end of composting (84.5%) than after the vermicomposting (61.6%). Most ash PAHs were removed similarly to spiked PAHs through the composting and vermicomposting processes. Higher manganese peroxidase in composting treatments indicated increased activity of ligninolytic PAH-degrading microorganisms. 3D models of total PAH removal were parametrized using the polarity index and organic matter content, and paraboloid equations for each treatment were estimated (all R2 > 0.91). A two-phase model of pseudo-first order kinetics analysis showed faster PAH removal by higher rate constants during the first 120 days of the experiment. The compost and vermicompost produced from the bioremediation treatments are usable as soil organic amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Košnář
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Wiesnerová
- Department of Horticulture, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Částková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Kroulíková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Bouček
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Mercl
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Tlustoš
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic
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Huang WY, Ngo HH, Lin C, Vu CT, Kaewlaoyoong A, Boonsong T, Tran HT, Bui XT, Vo TDH, Chen JR. Aerobic co-composting degradation of highly PCDD/F-contaminated field soil. A study of bacterial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 660:595-602. [PMID: 30641388 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated bacterial communities during aerobic food waste co-composting degradation of highly PCDD/F-contaminated field soil. The total initial toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) of the soil was 16,004 ng-TEQ kg-1 dry weight. After 42-day composting and bioactivity-enhanced monitored natural attenuation (MNA), the final compost product's TEQ reduced to 1916 ng-TEQ kg-1 dry weight (approximately 75% degradation) with a degradation rate of 136.33 ng-TEQ kg-1 day-1. Variations in bacterial communities and PCDD/F degraders were identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Thermophilic conditions of the co-composting process resulted in fewer observed bacteria and PCDD/F concentrations. Numerous organic compound degraders were identified by NGS, supporting the conclusion that PCDD/Fs were degraded during food waste co-composting. Bacterial communities of the composting process were defined by four phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes). At the genus level, Bacillus (Firmicutes) emerged as the most dominant phylotype. Further studies on specific roles of these bacterial strains are needed, especially for the thermophiles which contributed to the high degradation rate of the co-co-composting treatment's first 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yen Huang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Huu-Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Thanh Vu
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
| | - Acharee Kaewlaoyoong
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Totsaporn Boonsong
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Huu-Tuan Tran
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Xuan-Thanh Bui
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Technology, Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Renn Chen
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
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Yuan H, Song S, An S, Liu E. Ecological risk assessment of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the soil-plant system after reclamation of dredged sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:29181-29191. [PMID: 30112647 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Shayinghe River is an important tributary of the Huaihe River in China. The concentrations of potential toxic elements (PTEs), such as As, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Cd in soils and dominant vegetation from mud-dumping areas reclaimed with dredged sediments, and areas without mud-dumping (non-mud-dumping areas) adjacent to the Shayinghe River were investigated. The potential ecological risk index (ERI) and transfer coefficient (TC) were calculated and evaluated. The results showed that the potential toxic element concentrations in all sampling areas decreased in the order of (Zn, Cr) > (Cu, Pb) > As>Cd > Hg. Additionally, the total concentrations of the PTEs significantly increased from mud-dumping to the non-mud-dumping areas. Ecological risk assessment of soils showed that all the elements did not exhibit apparent ecological risks (except for As). This element exhibited a moderate ecological risk, implying that the dredging of sediments could increase the potential ecological risk of individual PTEs. Additionally, the PTEs in some of dominant plants in mud-dumping areas did not increase, indicating no apparent accumulation. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the principal components of the PTEs in plants from dredged sediments were different from those in the agricultural soil, indicating the influence of dredging on PTEs. Finally, Cd, Zn, and Hg had higher transfer coefficients (up to 6), even if their concentrations were relatively low, suggesting potential ecological risks to the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhong Yuan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
- School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Siyuan Song
- School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shuqing An
- School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Enfeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250359, China
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Guidi Nissim W, Cincinelli A, Martellini T, Alvisi L, Palm E, Mancuso S, Azzarello E. Phytoremediation of sewage sludge contaminated by trace elements and organic compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 164:356-366. [PMID: 29567421 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a green technique being increasingly used worldwide for various purposes including the treatment of municipal sewage sludge (MSS). Most plants proposed for this technique have high nutrient demands, and fertilization is often required to maintain soil fertility and nutrient balance while remediating the substrate. In this context, MSS could be a valuable source of nutrients (especially N and P) and water for plant growth. The aim of this study was to determine the capacity willow (Salix matsudana, cv Levante), poplar (Populus deltoides × Populus nigra, cv Orion), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) to clean MSS, which is slightly contaminated by trace elements (TEs) and organic pollutants, and to assess their physiological response to this medium. In particular, we aimed to evaluate the TE accumulation by different species as well as the decrease of TEs and organic pollutants in the sludge after one cropping cycle and the effect of MSS on plant growth and physiology. Since MSS did not show any detrimental effect on the biomass yield of any of the species tested, it was found to be a suitable growing medium for these species. TE phytoextraction rates depended on the species, with eucalyptus showing the highest accumulation for Cr, whereas sunflower exhibited the best performance for As, Cu and Zn. At the end of the trial, some TEs (i.e. Cr, Pb and Zn), n-alkanes and PCBs showed a significant concentration decrease in the sludge for all tested species. The highest Cr decrease was observed in pots with eucalyptus (57.4%) and sunflower (53.4%), whereas sunflower showed the highest Cu decrease (44.2%), followed by eucalyptus (41.2%), poplar (16.2%) and willow (14%). A significant decrease (41.1%) of Pb in the eucalyptus was observed. Zn showed a high decrease rate with sunflower (59.5%) and poplar (52%) and to a lesser degree with willow (35.3%) and eucalyptus (25.4%). The highest decrease in n-alkanes concentration in the sludge was found in willow (98.3%) and sunflower (97.3%), whereas eucalyptus has the lowest PCBs concentration (91.8%) in the sludge compared to the beginning of the trial. These results suggest new strategies (e.g. crop rotation and intercropping) to be adopted for a better management of this phytotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werther Guidi Nissim
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Tania Martellini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Laura Alvisi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Emily Palm
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Elisa Azzarello
- Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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24
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Ugolini F, Mariotti B, Maltoni A, Tani A, Salbitano F, Izquierdo CG, Macci C, Masciandaro G, Tognetti R. A tree from waste: Decontaminated dredged sediments for growing forest tree seedlings. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 211:269-277. [PMID: 29408075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The sediments dredged from a waterway and decontaminated through a phytoremediation process have been used as substrates alternatively to the traditional forest nursery substrate for pot productions of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) planting stocks. The substrates, made by mixing decontaminated sediments to agricultural soil at different degrees, were tested in order to evaluate their suitability as growth substrates. The experiment was carried out at the nursery of the Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems of the University of Florence (Italy). The experimental design consisted of four randomized blocks with six pots as replicates for each of the following treatments: 100% sediments, 66% sediments, 33% sediments, 100% agronomic soil and 100% traditional peat based substrate. In each pot, one holm oak acorn was seeded. Germination and both physiological and morphological traits of the seedlings were analysed during and at the end of the first growing season. Holm oak grown in phytoremediated sediments at higher concentrations showed germination levels comparable to those in the traditional substrate, and survival capacity (especially in 66% sediments) slightly higher than in 100% soil. Physiological performance of seedlings resembled that on the traditional substrate which required the addition of fertilizer, at least for the first growing season. Seedlings grown in mixed substrates with higher sediment concentrations occasionally showed better photosynthetic capacity with improved connectivity between the units of the photosystem II. At the end of the first growing season, height as well as the number of growth flushes of the seedlings grown in sole sediment or soil-sediment substrates were similar to what generally is observed for forest nursery stock of Quercus spp.. Regarding the root-system articulation and growth in depth, results in the mixed substrates were comparable to those for seedlings grown in the traditional forest nursery media, and higher than seedlings grown in 100% agronomic soil. According to our results, the reclamation of dredged sediments can provide appropriate nursery substrate for germination beds for forestry species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ugolini
- Institute of Biometeorology - National Research Council of Italy, Via G. Caproni 8, 50145 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Barbara Mariotti
- Dipartimento di Gestione dei Sistemi Agrari, Alimentari e Forestali (GESAAF), Università di Firenze, Via S. Bonaventura 13, 50145 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alberto Maltoni
- Dipartimento di Gestione dei Sistemi Agrari, Alimentari e Forestali (GESAAF), Università di Firenze, Via S. Bonaventura 13, 50145 Firenze, Italy
| | - Andrea Tani
- Dipartimento di Gestione dei Sistemi Agrari, Alimentari e Forestali (GESAAF), Università di Firenze, Via S. Bonaventura 13, 50145 Firenze, Italy
| | - Fabio Salbitano
- Dipartimento di Gestione dei Sistemi Agrari, Alimentari e Forestali (GESAAF), Università di Firenze, Via S. Bonaventura 13, 50145 Firenze, Italy
| | - Carlos García Izquierdo
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientifica - Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Applicada del Segura, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina Macci
- Institute of Ecosystem Study- National Research Council of Italy, c/o Area di Ricerca di Pisa, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Graziana Masciandaro
- Institute of Ecosystem Study- National Research Council of Italy, c/o Area di Ricerca di Pisa, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Tognetti
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università del Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; The EFI Project Centre on Mountain Forests (MOUNTFOR), Edmund Mach Foundation, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
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25
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Guo Y, Wang R, Wang P, Rao L, Wang C. Dredged-Sediment-Promoted Synthesis of Boron-Nitride-Based Floating Photocatalyst with Photodegradation of Neutral Red under Ultraviolet-Light Irradiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:4640-4651. [PMID: 29304278 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel floating photocatalyst (BN-DS-7) has been successfully synthesized by calcining the mixture of boron nitride (BN) and dredged sediment (DS) with a specific mass ratio (3:7) at 1100 °C for a half hour. BN is synthesized for the first time using an oxygen-limited method, which consists of a nanoplate ∼30 nm in size and has a bandgap at 3.94 eV. The as-synthesized BN can degrade NR under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. For BN-DS-7, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis suggests that BN mainly interacts with DS through the strong coordination between these N atoms in BN and these Si and Al atoms in DS. This leads to BN-DS-7 having good compression strength (∼9 MPa). Thermogravimetric analysis for BN shows that a few BN (∼13%) synthesized via an oxygen-limited method will pyrolyze at 1100 °C and the released gas can be sealed in the inside of DS at 1100 °C, resulting in that BN-DS-7 can float on the water surface. Photodegradation results show that BN-DS-7 can degrade 84% of NR (20 mg/L) under UV-light irradiation for 5 h, and the active species are •OH and photoinduced hole. Total organic carbon analysis for NR solution before and after photodegradation show that ∼70% of NR has been mineralized into inorganic carbons. This work is helpful to develop a new type of BN-based floating material and enlarge the application field of DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University , Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University , Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University , Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Rao
- College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University , Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University , Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
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26
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Ren X, Zeng G, Tang L, Wang J, Wan J, Wang J, Deng Y, Liu Y, Peng B. The potential impact on the biodegradation of organic pollutants from composting technology for soil remediation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 72:138-149. [PMID: 29183697 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Large numbers of organic pollutants (OPs), such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides and petroleum, are discharged into soil, posing a huge threat to natural environment. Traditional chemical and physical remediation technologies are either incompetent or expensive, and may cause secondary pollution. The technology of soil composting or use of compost as soil amendment can utilize quantities of active microbes to degrade OPs with the help of available nutrients in the compost matrix. It is highly cost-effective for soil remediation. On the one hand, compost incorporated into contaminated soil is capable of increasing the organic matter content, which improves the soil environment and stimulates the metabolically activity of microbial community. On the other hand, the organic matter in composts would increase the adsorption of OPs and affect their bioavailability, leading to decreased fraction available for microorganism-mediated degradation. Some advanced instrumental analytical approaches developed in recent years may be adopted to expound this process. Therefore, the study on bioavailability of OPs in soil is extremely important for the application of composting technology. This work will discuss the changes of physical and chemical properties of contaminated soils and the bioavailability of OPs by the adsorption of composting matrix. The characteristics of OPs, types and compositions of compost amendments, soil/compost ratio and compost distribution influence the bioavailability of OPs. In addition, the impact of composting factors (composting temperature, co-substrates and exogenous microorganisms) on the removal and bioavailability of OPs is also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Jingjing Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jia Wan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yaocheng Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yani Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bo Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
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27
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Liang G, Zhang B, Lin M, Wu S, Hou H, Zhang J, Qian G, Huang X, Zhou J. Evaluation of heavy metal mobilization in creek sediment: Influence of RAC values and ambient environmental factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:1339-1347. [PMID: 28738527 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The risk assessment code (RAC) is a common method for assessing heavy metal (HM) mobility and their potential health risks, based on HM total concentration and chemical speciation. In this study, both the RAC and the influence of ambient environmental factors were investigated in a river sediment system. Sixty-eight sediment samples were collected from the main river system in Shanghai, China. The total concentration and chemical speciation of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Hg were determined in the samples. The influence of sediment environmental factors, such as acid-volatile sulfide (AVS), Fe & Mn, and total organic carbon (TOC), on total metal concentrations and speciation was also investigated. The relationship between the main environmental media and distribution of HMs was discussed using PCA and NMDS. The transfer-transformation behaviors of Pb, Ni, and Cr were mainly controlled by AVS and TOC while Zn, Cu, and Cd were influenced by Fe & Mn and TOC. The relationship between the RAC value of HM and environmental factors revealed that 7% of Cr, 23% of Ni, and 15% of Pb had a high risk of mobility at TOC values below 3.5% and sulfite contents below 10mmol/kg. In comparison, 29%, 10%, and 10% of Zn, Cu, and Cd, respectively, had a high risk of mobility at TOC<3.5% and Fe & Mn content >4×105mg/kg. Evidently, the chemical fractions of HM had a strong dependence on the S, Fe, Mn, and organic compounds in the sediment. This study provides a promising pathway for the rapid evaluation of potential risks from HMs in river sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Liang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Center of Solid Waste Management, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Mao Lin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Simiao Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hao Hou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guangren Qian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jizhi Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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28
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Megharaj M, Naidu R. Soil and brownfield bioremediation. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:1244-1249. [PMID: 28834380 PMCID: PMC5609233 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons, persistent organic pollutants, halogenated organic chemicals and toxic metal(loid)s is a serious global problem affecting the human and ecological health. Over the past half‐century, the technological and industrial advancements have led to the creation of a large number of brownfields, most of these located in the centre of dense cities all over the world. Restoring these sites and regeneration of urban areas in a sustainable way for beneficial uses is a key priority for all industrialized nations. Bioremediation is considered a safe economical, efficient and sustainable technology for restoring the contaminated sites. This brief review presents an overview of bioremediation technologies in the context of sustainability, their applications and limitations in the reclamation of contaminated sites with an emphasis on brownfields. Also, the use of integrated approaches using the combination of chemical oxidation and bioremediation for persistent organic pollutants is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation and Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation and Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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29
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Ugolini F, Calzolari C, Lanini GM, Massetti L, Pollaki S, Raschi A, Sabatini F, Tagliaferri G, Ungaro F, Massa D, Antonetti M, Izquierdo CG, Macci C, Masciandaro G. Testing decontaminated sediments as a substrate for ornamentals in field nursery plantations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 197:681-693. [PMID: 28437777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
When canals and harbours are dredged, huge amount of polluted sediments has to be stocked and transported to the landfill with incredibly high costs of management. Among the remediation techniques for the reclamation of polluted sediments and soils, phytoremediation represents a sustainable and effective technique though still not fully promoted or commercialized. In this study we have tested the suitability for plant nursing of a substrate resulting from sediments dredged from a canal and treated with phytoremediation. The experiment was set up in 2014. It aimed to test the physical, chemical and hydrological characteristics of two mixes of remediated sediments and agronomic soil (at 33% and 50% by volume) compared to control soil (100% agronomic soil), and to assess the growth of three ornamental species (Viburnum tinus L., Photinia x fraseri var. red robin, Eleagnus macrophylla Thunb.) together with the suitability for root balling. The mixed substrates produced good results in terms of water drainage, and were similar to the control in terms of soluble nutrients, guaranteeing and enhancing the aboveground and belowground growth of all the three species, especially V. tinus. In contrast, mixed substrates impaired root ball compaction with root ball breakage observed especially in 50% sediment/soil mix. Therefore, the use of remediated sediments in plant nursery can be limited to specific productions or practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ugolini
- Institute of Biometeorology-CNR, Via G. Caproni 8, Firenze, 50145, Italy.
| | - Costanza Calzolari
- Institute of Biometeorology-CNR, Via G. Caproni 8, Firenze, 50145, Italy
| | | | - Luciano Massetti
- Institute of Biometeorology-CNR, Via G. Caproni 8, Firenze, 50145, Italy
| | - Stefania Pollaki
- Institute of Biometeorology-CNR, Via G. Caproni 8, Firenze, 50145, Italy
| | - Antonio Raschi
- Institute of Biometeorology-CNR, Via G. Caproni 8, Firenze, 50145, Italy
| | - Francesco Sabatini
- Institute of Biometeorology-CNR, Via G. Caproni 8, Firenze, 50145, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Ungaro
- Institute of Biometeorology-CNR, Via G. Caproni 8, Firenze, 50145, Italy
| | - Daniele Massa
- CREA/VIV- Landscaping and Nursery Plants Research Unit, Via dei Fiori 8, Pescia, 51017, Italy
| | - Maurizio Antonetti
- CREA/VIV- Landscaping and Nursery Plants Research Unit, Via dei Fiori 8, Pescia, 51017, Italy
| | - Carlos Garcia Izquierdo
- Consejo Superor de Investigaciones Cientifica - Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Applicada del Segura, Campus Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina Macci
- Institute of Ecosystem Study-CNR, c/o Area di Ricerca di Pisa Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Grazia Masciandaro
- Institute of Ecosystem Study-CNR, c/o Area di Ricerca di Pisa Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
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30
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Mattei P, Pastorelli R, Rami G, Mocali S, Giagnoni L, Gonnelli C, Renella G. Evaluation of dredged sediment co-composted with green waste as plant growing media assessed by eco-toxicological tests, plant growth and microbial community structure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 333:144-153. [PMID: 28349867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dredged sediments have currently no broad reuse options as compared to other wastes due to their peculiar physico-chemical properties, posing problems for the management of the large volumes of sediments dredged worldwide. In this study we evaluated the performance of sediment (S) co-composted with green waste (GW) as growing medium for ornamental plants. Analysis of the microbial community structure, eco-toxicological tests, were conducted on sediments at 1:1 and 3:1S:GW composting ratios. Sediment-based growing media were then reused to growth the ornamental plant Photina x fraseri in a pilot-scale experiment and plants' physiological and chemical parameters were measured. The results showed that co-composting with green waste increased the diversity of bacteria, fungi and archaea as compared to the untreated sediments, and that both the 1:1 and 3:1 S:GW composted sediments had no substantial eco-toxicological impacts, allowing an excellent plant growth. We concluded that co-composted of sediment with green waste produce a growing medium with suitable properties for growing ornamental plants, and represent a sustainable option for beneficial use of dredged sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mattei
- DiSPAA-Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy.
| | - Roberta Pastorelli
- CREA ABP-Agrobiology and Pedology Research Centre, Piazza M. D'Azeglio 30, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Rami
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Micheli 1, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Mocali
- CREA ABP-Agrobiology and Pedology Research Centre, Piazza M. D'Azeglio 30, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Giagnoni
- DiSPAA-Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Gonnelli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Micheli 1, Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Renella
- DiSPAA-Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
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