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Reyes MSS, Medina PMB. Leachates from plastics and bioplastics reduce lifespan, decrease locomotion, and induce neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124428. [PMID: 38914198 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Plastic pollution continuously accumulates in the environment and poses a global threat as it fragments into microplastics and nanoplastics that can harm ecosystems. To reduce the accumulation of microplastic and nanoplastic pollution, bioplastics made from biodegradable materials are promoted as a more sustainable alternative because it can degrade faster than plastics. However, plastics also leach out chemicals as they degrade and disintegrate, but the potential toxicity of these chemicals leaching out from plastics and especially bioplastics is poorly explored. Here, we determined the composition of leachates from plastics and bioplastics and tested their toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. LC-MS analysis of the leachates revealed that bioplastics leached a wider array of chemicals than their counterpart plastics. Toxicity testing in our study showed that the leachates from plastics and bioplastics reduced lifespan, decreased locomotion, and induced neurotoxicity in C. elegans. Leachates from bioplastics reduced C. elegans lifespan more compared to leachates from plastics: by 7%-31% for bioplastics and by 6%-15% for plastics. Leachates from plastics decreased locomotion in C. elegans more compared to leachates from bioplastics: by 8%-34% for plastics and by 11%-24% for bioplastics. No changes were observed in the ability of the C. elegans to respond to mechanical stimuli. The leachates induced neurotoxicity in the following neurons at varying trends: cholinergic neurons by 0%-53% for plastics and by 30%-42% for bioplastics, GABAergic neurons by 3%-29% for plastics and by 10%-23% for bioplastics, and glutamatergic neurons by 3%-11% for plastics and by 15%-29% for bioplastics. Overall, our study demonstrated that chemicals leaching out from plastics and bioplastics can be toxic, suggesting that both plastics and bioplastics pose ecotoxicological and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sigfrid S Reyes
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Paul Mark B Medina
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines.
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2
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Iturburu FG, Bertrand L, Soursou V, Scheibler EE, Calderon G, Altamirano JC, Amé MV, Menone ML, Picó Y. Pesticides and PPCPs in aquatic ecosystems of the andean central region: Occurrence and ecological risk assessment in the Uco valley. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133274. [PMID: 38128229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Uco valley (Mendoza, Argentina) suffers the concomitant effect of climate change, anthropic pressure and water scarcity. Moreover chemical pollution to aquatic ecosystems could be another pressuring factor, but it was not studied enough to the present. In this sense, the aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of pesticides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in aquatic ecosystems of the Uco Valley and to perform an ecological risk assessment (ERA). The presence of several insecticides (mainly neonicotinoids), herbicides (atrazine, diuron, metolachlor, terbutryn) and fungicides (strobilurins, triazolic and benzimidazolic compounds) in water samples in two seasons, related to crops like vineyards, garlic or fruit trees was associated to medium and high-risk probabilities for aquatic biota. Moreover, PPCPs of the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, parabens and bisphenol A were detected in all the samples and their calculated risk quotients also indicated a high risk. This is the first record of pesticides and PPCPs with an ERA in this growing agricultural oasis. Despite the importance of these findings in Uco Valley for decision makers in the region, this multilevel approach could bring a wide variety of tools for similar regions in with similar productive and environmental conditions, in order to afford actions to reach Sustainable Development Goals. SYNOPSIS: Aquatic ecosystems in arid mountain regions are threatened worldwide. This study reports relevant data about chemical pollution in Central Andes, which could be a useful tool to enhance SDGs' accomplishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando G Iturburu
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Juan B. Justo 2550, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Lidwina Bertrand
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Contaminación Acuática y Ecotoxicología (LICAE), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET) and Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende esq. Haya de la Torre, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vasiliki Soursou
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre - CIDE (CSIC-UV-GV) University of Valencia, Road CV-315 km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Erica E Scheibler
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Zonas Áridas (IADIZA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo)-Government of Mendoza, Av. Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque General San Martín, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Calderon
- Instituto del Hábitat y del Ambiente (IHAM), Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño (FAUD, UNMdP), Dean Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina C Altamirano
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET-UNCuyo-Government of Mendoza, Av. Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque General San Martín, 5500 (P.O. Box 331), Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), UNCuyo, Padre Jorge Contreras 1300, 5502 (P.O. Box 331), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María V Amé
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Contaminación Acuática y Ecotoxicología (LICAE), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET) and Dpto. Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende esq. Haya de la Torre, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mirta L Menone
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Juan B. Justo 2550, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre - CIDE (CSIC-UV-GV) University of Valencia, Road CV-315 km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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Rodrigues VB, Menezes JM, da Silva LC, Müller I, Mallmann L, Hermann BS, Menezes C, Brucker N, da Vida RL, Picada JN, Boaretto FBM, Schneider A, Linden R, Zanella R, Fleck JD, Charão MF. Caenorhabditis elegans as a suitable model to evaluate the toxicity of water from Rolante River, southern Brazil. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad117. [PMID: 38178995 PMCID: PMC10762661 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Urbanization and agricultural activities increased environmental contaminants. Integrated analysis of water parameters and bioassays represents an essential approach to evaluating aquatic resource quality. This study aimed to assess water quality by microbiological and physicochemical parameters as well as the toxicological effects of water samples on the Ames test and Caenorhabditis elegans model. Samples were collected during (collection 1) and after (collection 2) pesticide application in the upper (S1), middle (S2), and lower (S3) sections of the Rolante River, southern Brazil. Metals were determined by GFAAS and pesticides by UPLC-MS/MS. Bioassays using the Ames test and the nematode C. elegans were performed. Levels of microbiological parameters, as well as Mn and Cu were higher than the maximum allowed limits established by legislation in collection 2 compared to collection 1. The presence of pesticide was observed in both collections; higher levels were found in collection 1. No mutagenic effect was detected. Significant inhibition of body length of C. elegans was found in collection 1 at S2 (P < 0.001) and S3 (P < 0.001) and in collection 2 at S2 (P = 0.004). Comparing the same sampling site between collections, a significant difference was found between the site of collection (F(3,6)=8.75, P = 0.01) and the time of collection (F(1,2)=28.61, P = 0.03), for the S2 and S3 samples. C. elegans model was useful for assessing surface water quality/toxicity. Results suggest that an integrated analysis for the surface water status could be beneficial for future approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Bley Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Júlia Machado Menezes
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Laura Cé da Silva
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Isadora Müller
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mallmann
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Post-graduation in Virology, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna Saraiva Hermann
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Post-graduation in Virology, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Charlene Menezes
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Roselaine L da Vida
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS 92425-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Brião Menezes Boaretto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS 92425-900, Brazil
| | - Anelise Schneider
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Linden
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Pesticide Residue Analysis Laboratory (LARP), Chemistry Department, Analytical Chemistry Sector, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliane Deise Fleck
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Post-graduation in Virology, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
| | - Mariele Feiffer Charão
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Post-graduation in Toxicology and Toxicological Analysis, Feevale University, ERS 239, 2755, Vila Nova, Novo Hamburgo, RS 93352-000, Brazil
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Kronberg MF, Rossen A, Clavijo A, Manetti M, Moya A, Calvo D, Mariani A, Hernández R, Salatino SE, Morábito J, Rossi M, Munarriz E. Integrated water quality assessment of two Rivers Basins from a semiarid region of Argentina. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:2279-2296. [PMID: 38057677 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The Tunuyán and Mendoza River Basins (Province of Mendoza, Argentina) have been selected as a representative semiarid region to test the applicability of an integrated water quality evaluation. To detect spatio-temporal variations of anthropic contamination, physicochemical and bacteriological parameters, as well as three ecotoxicological assays, were assessed in reference sites for 3 years. Bioassays based on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the vascular plant Lactuca sativa, and the algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata were performed and toxicological categories were established. Our results showed that water quality, as well as water toxicity, deteriorates as both river systems run through urban areas. Interestingly, monitoring sites with good physicochemical and bacteriological qualities but with toxicity were identified, illustrating that traditional water quality studies do not predict potential toxic effects on living organisms. In addition, a multivariate statistical analysis was performed to detect clusters of monitoring sites according to the water quality status. In the context of climate change, this study provides information to support that integrated water monitoring is an essential tool to ensure sustainable water management and to guarantee economic growth, human health, food security, and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Kronberg
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA), Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Bioquímica, UBA, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariana Rossen
- Laboratorio Experimental de Tecnologías Sustentables, Instituto Nacional del Agua (INA), Au. Ezeiza -Cañuelas, Tramo Jorge Newbery Km 1620, B1804, Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Araceli Clavijo
- CONICET - Universidad Nacional de Salta, Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía No Convencional, Avda. Bolivia 5150, A4408FVY, Ciudad de Salta, Argentina
| | - Mariana Manetti
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA), Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Bioquímica, UBA, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aldana Moya
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Protección Vegetal, UBA, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Calvo
- Subgerencia de Servicios Hidrológicos, INA, Au., Ezeiza-Cañuelas, Tamo Jorge Newbery Km 1620, B1804, Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Mariani
- Centro Regional Andino, INA, Belgrano Oeste 210, M5500FIF, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Rocio Hernández
- Centro Regional Andino, INA, Belgrano Oeste 210, M5500FIF, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Santa E Salatino
- Centro Regional Andino, INA, Belgrano Oeste 210, M5500FIF, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - José Morábito
- Centro Regional Andino, INA, Belgrano Oeste 210, M5500FIF, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Mario Rossi
- CONICET - Universidad Austral Genómica Funcional y Ciencia de Datos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Av. Pte. Perón 1500, Derqui, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Munarriz
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA), Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Bioquímica, UBA, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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5
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Höss S, Sanders D, van Egmond R. Determining the toxicity of organic compounds to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans based on aqueous concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:96290-96300. [PMID: 37567994 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29193-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is used for assessing the toxicity of chemicals in aqueous medium. However, chemicals can absorb to the bacterial food, which reduces the freely dissolved concentrations of the tested compounds. Thus, based on total or nominal concentrations, toxicity is underestimated, resulting in misleading assumptions on toxicity mechanisms or comparisons to other test organisms. As the verification of freely dissolved exposure concentrations (Cfree) is challenging in small test systems, simple partitioning models might by a good option for estimating Cfree. Therefore, C. elegans was exposed to seven differently acting organic chemicals with varying hydrophobicities, thus also different affinities to bind to the food of C. elegans. Measured concentrations of the dissolved aqueous and the bacterial-bound fraction allowed the calculation of binding constants (Kb). Experimental Kb were comparable to literature data of hydrophobic chemicals and correlated well with their hydrophobicity, expressed as log KOW. The chronic toxicity of the various compounds on C. elegans' reproduction, based on their aqueous concentration, was weakly related to their log KOW. Toxicity expressed based on chemical activity and comparisons with a baseline toxicity model, nevertheless, suggested a narcotic mode of action for most hydrophobic compounds (except methylisothiazolinone and trichlorocarbanilide). Although revealing a similar toxicity ranking than Daphnia magna, C. elegans was less sensitive, probably due to its ability to reduce its internal concentrations by means of its very impermeable cuticle or by efficient detoxification mechanisms. It could be shown that measured aqueous concentrations in the nematode test system corresponded well with freely dissolved concentrations that were modeled using simple mass-balance models from nominal concentrations. This offers the possibility to estimate freely dissolved concentrations of chemicals from nominal concentrations, making routine testing of chemicals and their comparison to other species more accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Sanders
- Unilever, Safety & Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Roger van Egmond
- Unilever, Safety & Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford, MK44 1LQ, UK
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Vickery WM, Wood HB, Orlando JD, Singh J, Deng C, Li L, Zhou JY, Lanni F, Porter AW, Sydlik SA. Environmental and health impacts of functional graphenic materials and their ultrasonically altered products. NANOIMPACT 2023; 31:100471. [PMID: 37315844 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2023.100471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphenic materials have excited the scientific community due to their exciting mechanical, thermal, and optoelectronic properties for a potential range of applications. Graphene and graphene derivatives have demonstrated application in areas stretching from composites to medicine; however, the environmental and health impacts of these materials have not been sufficiently characterized. Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most widely used graphenic derivatives due to a relatively easy and scalable synthesis, and the ability to tailor the oxygen containing functional groups through further chemical modification. In this paper, ecological and health impacts of fresh and ultrasonically altered functional graphenic materials (FGMs) were investigated. Model organisms, specifically Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Caenorhabditis elegans, were used to assess the consequences of environmental exposure to fresh and ultrasonically altered FGMs. FGMs were selected to evaluate the environmental effects of aggregation state, degree of oxidation, charge, and ultrasonication. The major findings indicate that bacterial cell viability, nematode fertility, and nematode movement were largely unaffected, suggesting that a wide variety of FGMs may not pose significant health and environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walker M Vickery
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Hunter B Wood
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Jason D Orlando
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Juhi Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Chenyun Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Li Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Jing-Yi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Frederick Lanni
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Aidan W Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5th and Ruskin Ave, Pittsburg, PA 15260, United States; Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, United States
| | - Stefanie A Sydlik
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
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Wang HJ, Peng CW, Han X, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu JL, Zhou MX, Tang F, Liu AL. Toxicological characteristics of drinking water in two large-scale municipal water supply systems of a metropolitan city in Central China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:64058-64066. [PMID: 37060410 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26882-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Drinking water safety is threatened by numerous toxic organic pollutants difficult to chemically monitor. This study aimed to determine the toxicological profiles of organic extracts (OEs) of water samples from source to tap in two drinking water supply systems in a metropolitan city, Central China, during different hydrological periods. Mortality, DNA damage, growth, and development of Caenorhabditis elegans were evaluated following exposure to OEs. The median lethal doses of OEs of drinking water samples (n = 48) ranged from 266 REF (relative enrichment factor) to > 1563 REF. When tested at a dose of 100 REF, 56.25% (27/48) of OEs induced genotoxicity, 4.17% (2/48) inhibited the growth, and 45.83% (22/48) decreased the offspring number in C. elegans. No clear temporal-spatial variation patterns of the OEs toxicity indicators were observed. The correlations among the toxicity indicators were generally poor. The observed toxicities were not closely related to the level of dissolved organic carbon in drinking water. These findings support using multiple endpoint bioassays, such as C. elegans-based approaches, as complementary tools to conventional chemical analysis for drinking water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Ji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Wei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Wuhan Water Group Company Limited, Wuhan, 430034, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Ling Liu
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Xuan Zhou
- Wuhan Water Group Company Limited, Wuhan, 430034, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Karengera A, Verburg I, Sterken MG, Riksen JAG, Murk AJ, Dinkla IJT. Determining Toxic Potencies of Water-Soluble Contaminants in Wastewater Influents and Effluent Using Gene Expression Profiling in C. elegans as a Bioanalytical Tool. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 83:284-294. [PMID: 36190544 PMCID: PMC9556352 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-022-00959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With chemical analysis, it is impossible to qualify and quantify the toxic potency of especially hydrophilic bioactive contaminants. In this study, we applied the nematode C. elegans as a model organism for detecting the toxic potency of whole influent wastewater samples. Gene expression in the nematode was used as bioanalytical tool to reveal the presence, type and potency of molecular pathways induced by 24-h exposure to wastewater from a hospital (H), nursing home (N), community (C), and influent (I) and treated effluent (E) from a local wastewater treatment plant. Exposure to influent water significantly altered expression of 464 genes, while only two genes were differentially expressed in nematodes treated with effluent. This indicates a significant decrease in bioactive pollutant-load after wastewater treatment. Surface water receiving the effluent did not induce any genes in exposed nematodes. A subset of 209 genes was differentially expressed in all untreated wastewaters, including cytochromes P450 and C-type lectins related to the nematode's xenobiotic metabolism and immune response, respectively. Different subsets of genes responded to particular waste streams making them candidates to fingerprint-specific wastewater sources. This study shows that gene expression profiling in C. elegans can be used for mechanism-based identification of hydrophilic bioactive compounds and fingerprinting of specific wastewaters. More comprehensive than with chemical analysis, it can demonstrate the effective overall removal of bioactive compounds through wastewater treatment. This bioanalytical tool can also be applied in the process of identification of the bioactive compounds via a process of toxicity identification evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Karengera
- Department of Animal Sciences, Marine Animal Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Verburg
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark G. Sterken
- Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost A. G. Riksen
- Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albertinka J. Murk
- Department of Animal Sciences, Marine Animal Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inez J. T. Dinkla
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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9
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Brucker N, Menezes C, Charão MF, da Silva LC, Sant'anna Oliveira TS, Menezes JM, Muller I, Gioda A, de Carvalho BRF, de Castro Paz Calheiros O, Rizzetti TM, Zanella R, Garcia SC. Bioassays to screen the toxicity in drinking water samples collected in Brazilian rural area. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:856-867. [PMID: 34484677 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture activities have increased the concentration of pesticides and metals in the environment. The excessive use of pesticides can generate an environmental impact and contribute to the development of human diseases. This study aimed to determine the presence of pesticides and metals in water samples collected in the Brazilian rural area in two different periods (before and after pesticide application) and to evaluate the alternative bioassays Lactuca sativa, Allium cepa, and Caenorhabditis elegans to monitoring toxicity in human drinking water samples. Eight sites in the rural area were selected and water samples were collected in two different periods of the year (before and after pesticide application). The presence of the pesticides was determinated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and metals by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The potential toxicity of the water samples was performed with three different alternatives in vivo models (L. sativa, A. cepa, and C. elegans). Fifty-seven pesticides were analyzed and, according to the results, the most found ones were clomazone, atrazine, tebuconazole, metconazole, pyrimethanil, and carbofuran-3-hydroxide, which is a metabolic degradation product of insecticide carbofuran. The most detected metals were Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, and Mn. The assays with L. sativa and A. cepa showed alterations in the period after pesticide application, while C. elegans presented changes in both periods compared to the same collection sites. These results indicate that bioassays, especially C. elegans, could be complementary and useful tools for monitoring the toxicity in drinking water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Brucker
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Charlene Menezes
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mariele Feiffer Charão
- Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Laura Cé da Silva
- Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul 93525-075, Brazil
| | | | - Júlia M Menezes
- Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Isadora Muller
- Graduate Program on Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul 93525-075, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gioda
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
| | | | - Octávio de Castro Paz Calheiros
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Tiele Medianeira Rizzetti
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residue Analysis (LARP), Chemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residue Analysis (LARP), Chemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil
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10
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Kuhn EC, Jacques MT, Teixeira D, Meyer S, Gralha T, Roehrs R, Camargo S, Schwerdtle T, Bornhorst J, Ávila DS. Ecotoxicological assessment of Uruguay River and affluents pre- and post-pesticides' application using Caenorhabditis elegans for biomonitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21730-21741. [PMID: 33411293 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Uruguay River is the most important river in western Rio Grande do Sul, separating Brazil from Argentina and Uruguay. However, its pollution is of great concern due to agricultural activities in the region and the extensive use of pesticides. In a long term, this practice leads to environmental pollution, especially to the aquatic system. The objective of this study was to analyze the physicochemical characteristics, metals and pesticides levels in water samples obtained before and after the planting and pesticides' application season from three sites: Uruguay River and two minor affluents, Mezomo Dam and Salso Stream. For biomonitoring, the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was used, which were exposed for 24 h. We did not find any significant alteration in physicochemical parameters. In the pre- and post-pesticides' samples we observed a residual presence of three pesticides (tebuconazole, imazethapyr, and clomazone) and metals which levels were above the recommended (As, Hg, Fe, and Mn). Exposure to both pre- and post-pesticides' samples impaired C. elegans reproduction and post-pesticides samples reduced worms' survival rate and lifespan. PCA analysis indicated that the presence of metals and pesticides are important variables that impacted C. elegans biological endpoints. Our data demonstrates that Uruguay River and two affluents are contaminated independent whether before or after pesticides' application season. In addition, it reinforces the usefulness of biological indicators, since simple physicochemical analyses are not sufficient to attest water quality and ecological safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugênia Carla Kuhn
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa- UNIPAMPA, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472 - Km 592 - Caixa Postal 118, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97500-970, Brazil
| | - Maurício Tavares Jacques
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa- UNIPAMPA, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472 - Km 592 - Caixa Postal 118, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97500-970, Brazil
| | - Daniela Teixeira
- Laboratório de Estudos Físico-químicos e Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Sören Meyer
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Thiago Gralha
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ictiologia, Limnologia e aquicultura da Bacia do Rio Uruguai, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roehrs
- Laboratório de Estudos Físico-químicos e Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Sandro Camargo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Computação Aplicada (PPGCAP), Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Bagé, Bagé, Brazil
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pampa- UNIPAMPA, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472 - Km 592 - Caixa Postal 118, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97500-970, Brazil.
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11
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Hartman JH, Widmayer SJ, Bergemann CM, King DE, Morton KS, Romersi RF, Jameson LE, Leung MCK, Andersen EC, Taubert S, Meyer JN. Xenobiotic metabolism and transport in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2021; 24:51-94. [PMID: 33616007 PMCID: PMC7958427 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2021.1884921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans has emerged as a major model in biomedical and environmental toxicology. Numerous papers on toxicology and pharmacology in C. elegans have been published, and this species has now been adopted by investigators in academic toxicology, pharmacology, and drug discovery labs. C. elegans has also attracted the interest of governmental regulatory agencies charged with evaluating the safety of chemicals. However, a major, fundamental aspect of toxicological science remains underdeveloped in C. elegans: xenobiotic metabolism and transport processes that are critical to understanding toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, and extrapolation to other species. The aim of this review was to initially briefly describe the history and trajectory of the use of C. elegans in toxicological and pharmacological studies. Subsequently, physical barriers to chemical uptake and the role of the worm microbiome in xenobiotic transformation were described. Then a review of what is and is not known regarding the classic Phase I, Phase II, and Phase III processes was performed. In addition, the following were discussed (1) regulation of xenobiotic metabolism; (2) review of published toxicokinetics for specific chemicals; and (3) genetic diversity of these processes in C. elegans. Finally, worm xenobiotic transport and metabolism was placed in an evolutionary context; key areas for future research highlighted; and implications for extrapolating C. elegans toxicity results to other species discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica H Hartman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Samuel J Widmayer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | | | - Dillon E King
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Katherine S Morton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Riccardo F Romersi
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Laura E Jameson
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University - West Campus, Glendale, Arizona, United States
| | - Maxwell C K Leung
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University - West Campus, Glendale, Arizona, United States
| | - Erik C Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | - Stefan Taubert
- Dept. Of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, the University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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12
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Ficociello G, Gerardi V, Uccelletti D, Setini A. Molecular and cellular responses to short exposure to bisphenols A, F, and S and eluates of microplastics in C. elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:805-818. [PMID: 32820443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) have been developed as an alternative to bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor, leading to their detection in the aquatic environment. In this work, we used the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans to improve our understanding of their potential effects on the biota and the environment. Our findings demonstrated that, after 24 h exposure, all the bisphenols examined increased the number of apoptotic corpses and the expression of the detoxifying enzymes SOD-3 and GST-4, without affecting the ROS levels, while BPA and BPS significantly enhanced DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, similarly to BPA, BPF and BPS did not alter the lifespan through the activation of SEK-1 and SKN-1 pathways. Thus, this study raises the attention of the risks associated with exposure to BPA alternatives. We also examined the effects of microplastic (MP) eluates on C. elegans. Aqueous extracts of weathered microplastic samples, both at high and low degradation state and pellets, have been evaluated for their effects on lifespan, DNA fragmentation, germline apoptosis, and oxidative stress response. Overall, our findings showed that eluates of low degraded plastics exert a greater toxic effect on the nematode C. elegans compared with the aqueous sample of high degraded plastic fragments and pellets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Ficociello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Gerardi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Setini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 1, 00185, Rome, Italy
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13
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Ficociello G, Inverni A, Massimi L, Buccini G, Canepari S, Uccelletti D. Assessment of the effects of atmospheric pollutants using the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110209. [PMID: 32937173 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is recognized as the world's largest environmental health risk. In this work we evaluated in vivo the effects of three relevant components of atmospheric dusts (brake dust, wood pellet ash and Saharan dust) employing the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans. Main endpoints of C. elegans such as life span, brood size and oxidative stress were addressed by exposing the nematodes to different dust concentrations. Brake dust and pellet ash affected the life span and increased significantly the oxidative stress of exposed nematodes, while Saharan dust showed no effects. Water soluble and insoluble fractions of these dusts were used to investigate the impact of the single fraction on C. elegans. The two fractions of brake dust and pellet ash exerted different effects on C. elegans endpoints in terms of life span and oxidative stress response. These fractions acted in different ways on the worm susceptibility to infection of two human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) affecting the sek-1 gene expression. In conclusion, our study showed that C. elegans is a valuable tool to investigate in vivo possible effects of atmospheric dusts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Ficociello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Inverni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Buccini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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14
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Ríos JM, Ruggeri MF, Poma G, Malarvannan G, Covaci A, Puliafito SE, Ciocco NF, Altamirano JC. Occurrence of organochlorine compounds in fish from freshwater environments of the central Andes, Argentina. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133389. [PMID: 31362233 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Central Andes region is considered an area of high environmental relevance in South America and it is rich in glaciers, which are the main fresh water sources and reservoirs of the region. The presence of organochlorine compounds (OCs) is an environmental threat due to their persistence and adverse effects on wildlife and humans. The levels of OCs, such as chlordane compounds (CHLs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were determined in muscle and liver tissues of fish and in sediments collected from different sites of the central Andes: the Mendoza River and the Yaucha River (rainbow trout: Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Carrizal Dam (silverside: Odontesthes bonariensis). Regardless of studied site and fish tissue, the general OC trend was: DDTs > PCBs > HCHs > CHLs > HCB. The results showed clear geographic distribution patterns for DDTs. Among the sampling sites, silverside fish showed the highest average load of DDTs (614 and 867 ng g-1 lw in muscle and liver tissues, respectively). Based on the biota-sediment bioaccumulation factor (BSAF), both rainbow trout and silverside fish showed comparable capability to accumulate p,p'-DDT in their tissues. Intraspecific correlational analysis showed that CB-138 in muscle and p,p'-DDT in liver were clearly correlated with the lipid content in silverside specimens, which highlights the relevance of taking into account the fat content and the type of target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Ríos
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA, CCT-CONICET), P.O. Box 131, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Maria F Ruggeri
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA, CCT-CONICET), P.O. Box 131, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Mendoza, Rodriguez 273, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - S Enrique Puliafito
- Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Mendoza, Rodriguez 273, Mendoza, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Néstor F Ciocco
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas (IADIZA, CCT-CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina C Altamirano
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA, CCT-CONICET), P.O. Box 131, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
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15
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Acosta-Coley I, Duran-Izquierdo M, Rodriguez-Cavallo E, Mercado-Camargo J, Mendez-Cuadro D, Olivero-Verbel J. Quantification of microplastics along the Caribbean Coastline of Colombia: Pollution profile and biological effects on Caenorhabditis elegans. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 146:574-583. [PMID: 31426195 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Caribbean Coast of Colombia has a flourishing plastic industry with weak and insufficient waste management policies and practices, leading to plastic pollution along its touristic beaches. In this work, primary and secondary microplastics (MPs) were surveyed at four different locations along the Colombian Caribbean Coast. Primary microplastics, specifically white new plastic pellets, represented the largest amount of MPs found, with densities decreasing in the order Cartagena > Coveñas > Puerto Colombia > Riohacha. This distribution was connected to the vicinity of MPs sources, marine currents and wind direction. The presence of secondary MPs was associated with urban centers and proximity to river mouths. The FTIR characterization showed polyethylene as the predominant resin type, with different degrees of surface oxidation. Aqueous extracts from sampled MPs were tested on Caenorhabditis elegans. Secondary MPs elicited greater toxicological responses than pellets, especially those from Cartagena Bay, suggesting MPs act as carriers for biologically-active pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Acosta-Coley
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia; Analytical Chemistry and Biomedicine Group, School of Sciences, San Pablo Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Margareth Duran-Izquierdo
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia
| | - Erika Rodriguez-Cavallo
- Analytical Chemistry and Biomedicine Group, School of Sciences, San Pablo Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jairo Mercado-Camargo
- Research Group on Drug Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia
| | - Dario Mendez-Cuadro
- Analytical Chemistry and Biomedicine Group, School of Sciences, San Pablo Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130014, Colombia.
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16
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Kronberg MF, Clavijo A, Moya A, Rossen A, Calvo D, Pagano E, Munarriz E. Glyphosate-based herbicides modulate oxidative stress response in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 214:1-8. [PMID: 30142450 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based formulation is used as non-selective and post-emergent herbicides in urban and rural activities. In view of its recurring applications in agricultural producing countries, the increase of glyphosate concentration in the environment stresses the need to test the adverse effects on non-target organisms and assess the risk of its use. This paper analyzes the toxicological and oxidative stress and modulatory effects of a glyphosate commercial formulation (glyphosate F) on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We detected ROS production and enhancement of oxidative stress response in glyphosate F-treated nematodes. Particularly, we found an increased ctl-1 catalase gene expression of a catalase specific activity. In addition, we showed that glyphosate F treatment activated the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16, a critical target of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway, which modulates the transcription of a broad range of genes involved in stress resistance, reproductive development, dauer formation, and longevity. In summary, the exposure of glyphosate F induces an oxidative imbalance in C. elegans that leads to the DAF-16 activation and consequently to the expression of genes that boost the antioxidant defense system. In this regard, clt-1 gene and catalase activity proved to be excellent biomarkers to develop more sensitive protocols to assess the environmental risk of glyphosate use.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Kronberg
- Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Araceli Clavijo
- Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aldana Moya
- Cátedra de Protección vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariana Rossen
- Laboratorio Experimental de Tecnologías Sustentables, Instituto Nacional del Agua, Pcia, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Calvo
- Dirección de Servicios Hidrológicos, Instituto Nacional del Agua, Pcia, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Pagano
- Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Munarriz
- Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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17
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Zhang Y, Liu S, Cheng F, Coxixo A, Hou X, Shen Z, Chen L. Spatial Distribution of Metals and Associated Risks in Surface Sediments Along a Typical Urban River Gradient in the Beijing Region. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 74:80-91. [PMID: 29052739 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments from Beiyun River located in the rapidly urbanized Beijing metropolis were collected and analyzed for heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) to investigate their spatial distribution pattern, ecotoxicology and source identification. Results indicated the average heavy metal concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were approximately 4, 2, 3, 2, and 4 times higher than their background values. Spatially, we found the concentrations of heavy metals made significant change in four sections along urbanized river gradients. The contents in midstream of urban region and farmland region (section 2 and section 3) were greater than those in upstream (section 1) and downstream (section 4). However, one-way analysis of variance for spatial analysis suggested there were no significant differences between mainstream and tributaries. The geo-accumulation index (I geo) used to assess the sediment quality exhibited there was a decreasing order for the average I geo of measured heavy metals: Zn (0.82) > Cd (0.53) > Cu (0.50) > Cr (- 0.08) > Pb (- 0.45) > Ni (- 0.96) > Mn (- 0.97) > As (- 1.01), whereas they had different "high-low" orders at different sampling transects. Ecological risk index values showed that section 2 and section 3 revealed a high and moderate ecological risk, respectively. Furthermore, principal component analysis indicated the first principle component explained 64.73% of total variance with the main pollutants of As, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Cu which were probably controlled by the mixed sources covering natural factors and anthropogenic input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiu Zhang
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fangyan Cheng
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ana Coxixo
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Hou
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyao Shen
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
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18
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Lee SY, Kim JY, Jung YJ, Kang K. Toxicological evaluation of the topoisomerase inhibitor, etoposide, in the model animal Caenorhabditis elegans and 3T3-L1 normal murine cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1836-1843. [PMID: 28206703 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor, has been widely used as a clinical anticancer drug to treat diverse cancer patients. Since not only rapidly dividing cancer cells but also the cells of normal human tissues and every living organism in environmental ecosystems have topoisomerases, it is crucial to study the toxicity of etoposide in other organisms in addition to cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of etoposide in both a soil nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, and 3T3-L1 normal murine cells. Etoposide significantly retarded the growth, egg laying, and hatching in C. elegans. Etoposide also affected the reproductive gonad tissue, decreased the number of germ cells and induced abnormally enlarged nuclei in C. elegans. In addition, etoposide inhibited 3T3-L1 cell proliferation, with IC50 values of 37.8 ± 7.3 and 9.8 ± 1.8 μM after 24 and 48 hours of treatment, respectively, via the induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptotic cell death. Etoposide also induced nuclear enlargement in 3T3-L1 normal murine cells. The reproductive toxicity and abnormal nuclear morphological changes seemed to correlate with the adverse effects of etoposide. We suggest that these experimental platforms, i.e., the toxicological evaluation of both nematodes and 3T3-L1 cells, may be useful to study the mechanisms underlying the side effects of chemicals, including topoisomerase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Lee
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, 25451, Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Kim
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, 25451, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jung
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, 25451, Korea
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, 25451, Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology (UST), Dajeon, 34113, Korea
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