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Hui K, Xi B, Tan W, Song Q. Long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer alters the properties of dissolved soil organic matter and increases the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114267. [PMID: 36100105 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil is a key component of terrestrial ecosystems, as it provides nutrients and energy for all terrestrial organisms and is the site of various physical, chemical, and biological processes. Soil organic matter is particularly important for the role that it plays in element cycling, as well as the adsorption and degradation of soil pollutants. Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is an important nutrient element in the soil microenvironment. Applications of N fertilizer can improve soil quality, but the long-term excessive application of N fertilizer can lead to the deterioration of the soil environment, alter the properties of organic matter, and affect the adsorption and accumulation of soil pollutants. In recent years, several pollutants, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have accumulated in farmland soil due to long-term sewage irrigation. However, few studies have examined the response of soil PAHs accumulation to long-term N application, as well as the relationship between this response and changes in soil microenvironmental indicators caused by N application. Here, we conducted field experiments to study changes in soil pH, total organic carbon, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) under long-term N application, as well as their effects on PAHs accumulation. The application of N fertilizer resulted in the aromatization and humification of soil DOM, enhanced the accumulation response ratio (-0.05-0.32) and the amount of PAHs accumulated in soil (more than 30%), and exacerbated the environmental risks of PAHs. Our findings provide new insights that could aid the management and control of PAHs pollution of soil in sewage-irrigated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Qidao Song
- Institute of Scientific and Technical Information, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
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Kou B, Hui K, Miao F, He Y, Qu C, Yuan Y, Tan W. Differential responses of the properties of soil humic acid and fulvic acid to nitrogen addition in the North China Plain. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113980. [PMID: 35998702 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Humus (HS) is an important component of soil organic matter. Humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) are two of the most important components of HS, as they substantially affect biogeochemical processes and the migration and transformation of pollutants in soil. Long-term nitrogen (N) addition can lead to changes in soil physical and chemical properties, affect the structural characteristics of soil HS (HA and FA), cause changes in the adsorption and migration of pollutants, and ultimately result in the continuous deterioration of the soil ecological environment. However, few studies have examined the effects of N addition on the structural characteristics of soil HS, including the responses of soil HA and FA to N addition. Here, we conducted a long-term positioning experiment with different levels of N addition (CK: 0 kg N ha-1 yr-1, LN: 100 kg N ha-1 yr-1, and HN: 300 kg N ha-1 yr-1) in typical farmland soils of the North China Plain to study the response of soil HA and FA to N addition. N addition altered the physical and chemical properties of soil (e.g., pH, SOC, TN, and enzyme activity), which affected the responses of the chemical structure, quality indexes, and composition distribution of soil HA and FA to N addition. Differences in the response to N addition between HA and FA were observed. The structural characteristics of FA were stronger in response to HN compared with those of soil HA. As the level of N added increased, soil FA degradation increased, the composition distribution changed, the aromatization degree and molecular weight decreased, and the molecular structure became simpler. The properties of soil HA did not significantly respond to N addition. Given increases in the global N input (N addition and N deposition), our results have implications for agricultural fertilization, soil management, and other activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, China
| | - Kunlong Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Fang Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, China
| | - Yue He
- Beijing Guo Zhong Biology Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, 101220, China
| | - Chengtun Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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Hui K, Cui Y, Tan W. Nitrogen input leads to the differential accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the low- and high-density fractions in sewage-irrigated farmland soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 297:118813. [PMID: 35007675 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Because of a shortage of water resources, sewage irrigation has become a popular management tool for farmland soil in arid areas of China; however, this has led to the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Soil is an important component of ecosystems, and nitrogen is an important nutrient required for plant growth. Nitrogen input can alter the physical, chemical, and biological processes in soil and thus lead to changes in soil organic matter and organic pollutants. However, whether these changes affect the accumulation of PAHs and whether such accumulation differs in the low-density fraction (LF) and high-density fraction (HF) of soil remains unclear. In this study, the response of PAHs in soil to nitrogen input (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg N ha-1 yr-1, respectively), including differences in LF and HF, were investigated through field experiments in a typical sewage-irrigated area. The results showed that nitrogen input could increase the concentrations of PAHs in soil from (7.6 ± 1.1) × 103 to (10.4 ± 0.6) × 103 μg kg-1 and lead to striking differences between the LF ((5.06 ± 0.75) × 103 to (1.89 ± 0.18) × 103 μg kg-1) and HF ((2.54 ± 0.36) × 103 to (8.54 ± 0.44) × 103 μg kg-1). Given the significant increase in global nitrogen input, our findings have implications for the optimization and management of agricultural activities in sewage irrigation areas, such as soil investigation before fertilization, the use of soil improvers, and the improvement of soil planting measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Hui
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yini Cui
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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Hui K, Kou B, Jiang Y, Wu Y, Xu Q, Tan W. Nitrogen addition increases the ecological and human health risks of PAHs in different fractions of soil in sewage-irrigated area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:151420. [PMID: 34748843 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients required by soil and crops. N addition improves soil quality and fertility. However, long-term N addition changes the soil environment, which may affect the adsorption and accumulation of organic pollutants in soil. The adsorption of pollutants by the light fractions (LF) and heavy fractions (HF) of soil, and their resulting risks, might differ. In addition, several organic pollutants, especially PAHs, accumulate in farmland soil under long-term sewage irrigation. However, few studies have examined the response of PAHs to N addition in soil in sewage-irrigated areas, including whether there is a difference in the response of the LF and HF of soil. Here, a long-term experiment was carried out in farmland soils in typical sewage-irrigated areas to reveal the adsorption and accumulation of PAHs in bulk soil, LF, and HF, and the human health and ecological environment risks posed by PAHs under different levels of N addition. Under long-term N addition, the concentration of PAHs in soil increased and fluctuated from 7598 μg kg-1 to 10,414 μg kg-1. Significant differences in the PAHs concentration in the LF (5048 μg kg-1 to 1889 μg kg-1) and HF (2536 μg kg-1 to 8521 μg kg-1) and the human health and ecological risks of soil with N addition in typical sewage-irrigated areas were observed. The HF of soil was characterized by low carcinogenic and ecological risks. The results of our research provide insight into possible management actions that could be taken to enhance the environmental protection and safety of agricultural production activities, such as sustainability fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Hui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bing Kou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Yonghai Jiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuman Wu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Qigong Xu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Zhao Q, Thompson AM, Callister SJ, Tfaily MM, Bell SL, Hobbie SE, Hofmockel KS. Dynamics of organic matter molecular composition under aerobic decomposition and their response to the nitrogen addition in grassland soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150514. [PMID: 34844300 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Grassland soils store a substantial proportion of the global soil carbon (C) stock. The transformation of C in grassland soils with respect to chemical composition and persistence strongly regulate the predicted terrestrial-atmosphere C flux in global C biogeochemical cycling models. In addition, increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition alters C chemistry in grassland soils. However, there remains controversy about the importance of mineralogical versus biochemical preservation of soil C, as well as uncertainty regarding how grassland soil C chemistry responds to elevated N. This study used grassland soils with diverse soil organic matter (SOM) chemistries in an 8-month aerobic incubation experiment to evaluate whether the chemical composition of SOM converged across sites over time, and how SOM persistence responded to the N addition. This study demonstrates that over the course of incubation, the richness of labile compounds decreased in soils with less ferrihydrite content, whereas labile compounds were more persistent in ferrihydrite rich soils. In contrast, we found that the richness of more complex compounds increased over the incubation in most sites, independent of soil mineralogy. Moreover, we demonstrate the extent to which the diverse chemical composition of SOM converged among sites in response to microbial decomposition. N fertilization decreased soil respiration and inhibited the convergence of molecular composition across ecosystems by altering N demand for microbial metabolism and chemical interactions between minerals and organic molecules. This study provides original evidence that the decomposition and metabolism of labile organic molecules were largely regulated by soil mineralogy (physicochemical preservation), while the metabolism of more complex organic molecules was controlled by substrate complexity (biochemical preservation) independent to mineral-organic interactions. This study advanced our understanding of the dynamic biogeochemical cycling of C by unveiling that N addition dampened C respiration and diminished the convergence of SOM chemistry across diverse grassland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Allison M Thompson
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Stephen J Callister
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Malak M Tfaily
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sheryl L Bell
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Sarah E Hobbie
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Kirsten S Hofmockel
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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Hui K, Tang J, Cui Y, Xi B, Tan W. Accumulation of phthalates under high versus low nitrogen addition in a soil-plant system with sludge organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118193. [PMID: 34543959 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is the main nutrient in soil. The long-term addition of N leads to changes in the soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) and other quality indicators, which affects the adsorption and accumulation of organic pollutants. The use of organic fertilizer is important for the development of green agriculture. However, organic fertilizers (especially sludge organic fertilizers (SOFs) contain phthalates (PAEs) that may accumulate in the soil and result in environmental contamination. How this accumulation response varies with the magnitude of long-term N addition, especially in different soil layer profiles, remains unclear. Here, changes in the content of PAEs in the soil-plant system without and after SOFs application were studied through field experiments in soils with different N addition backgrounds (CK, N1, N3 (0, 100, 300 kg N ha-1 yr-1 respectively)). Our results showed that the application of SOFs increase the accumulation of PAEs in soil profiles and plant systems, increasing human health risks. The content of Σ5PAEs in the topsoil increased from 0.96 ± 0.10 to 1.86 ± 0.09 mg kg-1. Moreover, under a high N addition background and SOFs application, the characteristics of soil DOM change, and the accumulation of PAEs in soil was nearly 30% higher compared with the low N group. Some suggestions such as removing PAEs from SOFs during preparation, conducting soil surveys before applying PAEs, and using soil amendments, which are provided for optimizing the trialability and environmental safety of SOFs application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Hui
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jun Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yini Cui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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Abstract
In cranberry production systems, stands are covered by 1–5 cm of sand every 2–5 years to stimulate plant growth, resulting in alternate layers of sand and litter in soil upper layers. However, almost intact twigs and leaves remain in subsurface layers, indicating a slow decomposition rate. The Tea Bag Index (TBI) provides an internationally standardized methodology to compare litter decomposition rates (k) and stabilization (S) among terrestrial ecosystems. However, TBI parameters may be altered by time-dependent changes in the contact between litter and their immediate environment. The aims of this study were to determine the TBI of cranberry agroecosystems and compare it to the TBI of other terrestrial ecosystems. Litters were standardized green tea, standardized rooibos tea, and cranberry residues collected on the plantation floor. Litter decomposition was monitored during two consecutive years. Added N did not affect TBI parameters (k and S) due to possible N leaching and strong acidic soil condition. Decomposition rates (k) averaged (mean ± SD) 9.7 × 10−3 day−1 ± 1.6 × 10−3 for green tea, 3.3 × 10−3 day−1 ± 0.8 × 10−5 for rooibos tea, and 0.4 × 10−3 day−1 ± 0.86 × 10−3 for cranberry residues due to large differences in biochemical composition and tissue structure. The TBI decomposition rate (k) was 0.006 day−1 ± 0.002 in the low range among terrestrial ecosystems, and the stabilization factor (S) was 0.28 ± 0.08, indicating high potential for carbon accumulation in cranberry agroecosystems. Decomposition rates of tea litters were reduced by fractal coefficients of 0.6 for green tea and 0.4 for rooibos tea, indicating protection mechanisms building up with time in the tea bags. While the computation of the TBI stabilization factor may be biased because the green tea was not fully decomposed, fractal kinetics could be used as additional index to compare agroecosystems.
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Dalal RC, Thornton CM, Allen DE, Kopittke PM. A study over 33 years shows that carbon and nitrogen stocks in a subtropical soil are increasing under native vegetation in a changing climate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 772:145019. [PMID: 33578168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil plays a critical role in the global carbon (C) cycle. However, climate change and associated factors, such as warming, precipitation change, elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, will affect soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks markedly - a decrease in SOC stocks is predicted to drive further planetary warming, although whether changes in climate and associated factors (including atmospheric N deposition) will cause a net increase in SOC or a net decrease is less certain. Using a subtropical soil, we have directly examined how changes over the last three decades are already impacting upon SOC stocks and soil total nitrogen (STN) in a Vertisol supporting native brigalow (Acacia harpophylla L.) vegetation. It was observed that SOC stocks increased under native vegetation by 5.85 Mg C ha-1 (0.177 ± 0.059 Mg C ha-1 y-1) at a depth of 0-0.3 m over 33 years. This net increase in SOC stocks was not correlated with change in precipitation, which did not change during the study period. Net SOC stocks, however, were correlated with an increasing trend in mean annual temperatures, with an average increase of 0.89 °C. This occurred despite a likely co-occurrence of increased decomposition due to higher temperatures, presumably because the increase in the SOC was largely in the stable, mineral-associated fraction. The increases in CO2 from 338 ppmv to 395 ppmv likely contributed to an increase in biomass, especially root biomass, resulting in the net increase in SOC stocks. Furthermore, STN stocks increased by 0.57 Mg N ha-1 (0.0174 ± 0.0041 Mg N ha-1 y-1) at 0-0.3 m depth, due to increased atmospheric N deposition and potential N2 fixation. Since SOC losses are often predicted in many regions due to global warming, these observations are relevant for sustainability of SOC stocks for productivity and climate models in semi-arid subtropical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram C Dalal
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
| | - Craig M Thornton
- Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy, Rockhampton, Qld 4700, Australia.
| | - Diane E Allen
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia; Department of Environment and Science, Dutton Park, Qld 4102, Australia.
| | - Peter M Kopittke
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
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Tan Q, Hao T, Gao S, Liu X, Wang G, Yu Q. Soil organic carbon turnover recovers faster than plant diversity in the grassland when high nitrogen addition is ceased: Derived from soil 14C evidences. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Guo L, Shen J, Li B, Li Q, Wang C, Guan Y, D'Acqui LP, Luo Y, Tao Q, Xu Q, Li H, Yang J, Tang X. Impacts of agricultural land use change on soil aggregate stability and physical protection of organic C. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:136049. [PMID: 31874396 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil aggregate stability and soil organic carbon (SOC) physical sequestration is essential to regulation of anthropogenic climate change. However, relative knowledge remains elusive. The total SOC stock, aggregate stability, capacity of physically protected C, structure of macroaggregates and Al/Fe oxides under rice-wheat rotation (RW), rice-vegetable rotation (RV) and afforested land (AL) were analysed. We chose 1-2 mm macroaggregates for low-temperature ashing (LTA) treatment to mimic natural oxidation to assess the capacity of physically protected C. Using scanning electron microscopy, the N adsorption method, and energy dispersive spectroscopy, we explored the internal structure of macroaggregates under different land use types. All land use types could physically protect over 50% of SOC. AL showed the strongest capacity of C sequestration, followed by RW, which preserved 67.1% and 59.6% of SOC, respectively. After 5 h of LTA treatment, the amount of SOC removed from the macropores in cropland (RW and RV) was higher than that in AL. In micropores with further oxidation, AL and RW both lost only 5% of SOC. Fe oxides were more correlated with C dynamics than Al oxides. Free Fe oxides were associated with the easily oxidised organic matter. Soil aggregate stability significantly correlated with Al/Fe oxides (p < 0.05). The RW and AL had a greater soil aggregate stability than the RV owing to the relatively higher content of Al/Fe oxides. In conclusion, the conversion of RW to RV reduced the mechanical stability of soil aggregates and the capacity of C physical sequestration, while the conversion of RW to AL increased these two properties. Land use change affected C physical sequestration mainly via changes in surface area, pore development and the content of Fe oxides in macroaggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingke Guo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jie Shen
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yu Guan
- Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Corporation, CNTC, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Luigi P D'Acqui
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosisteml Terrestri IRET-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Youlin Luo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Juan Yang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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11
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Li R, Tan W, Wang G, Zhao X, Dang Q, Yu H, Xi B. Nitrogen addition promotes the transformation of heavy metal speciation from bioavailable to organic bound by increasing the turnover time of organic matter: An analysis on soil aggregate level. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113170. [PMID: 31520909 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) addition can change physicochemical properties and biogeochemical processes in soil, but whether or not these changes further affect the transport and transformation of heavy metal speciation is unknown. Here, a long-term (2004-2016) field experiment was conducted to assess the responses of different heavy metal speciation in three soil aggregate fractions to N additions in a temperate agroecosystem of North China. The organic matter turnover time was quantified based on changes in δ13C following the conversion from C3 (wheat) to C4 crop (corn). Averagely, N addition decreases and increases the heavy metal contents in bioavailable and organic bound fractions by 27.5% and 16.6%, respectively, suggesting N addition promotes the transformation of heavy metal speciation from bioavailable to organic bound, and such a promotion in a small aggregate fraction is more remarkable than that in a large aggregate fraction. The transformations of heavy metal speciation from bioavailable to organic bound in all soil aggregate fractions are largely dependent on the increments in the turnover time of organic matter. The increase in organic matter turnover time induced by N addition may inhibit the desorption of heavy metals from organic matter by prolonging the interaction time between heavy metals and organic matter and enhance the capacity of organic matter to adsorb heavy metals by increasing the humification degree and functional group. Our work can provide insights into the accumulation, migration, and transformation of heavy metals in soils in the context of increasing global soil N input from a microenvironmental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guoan Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qiuling Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hanxia Yu
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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12
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Li R, Zhang Y, Yu H, Dang Q, Yu H, Xi B, Tan W. Biouptake Responses of Trace Metals to Long-Term Irrigation with Diverse Wastewater in the Wheat Rhizosphere Microenvironment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173218. [PMID: 31484337 PMCID: PMC6747335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wastewater irrigation is widely practiced and may cause serious environmental problems. However, current knowledge on the effects of long-term irrigation with wastewater from different sources on the biouptake of trace metals (TMs) in the rhizosphere zone by plants in farmlands is limited. Here, we analyzed wheat rhizosphere soil and wheat roots collected from a typical wastewater irrigation area in North China to evaluate the influence of wastewater irrigation from different sources on the bioavailability of trace metals in soils. Results showed that irrigation with tanning and domestic wastewater helped enhance the bioavailability of trace metals in rhizosphere soil by increasing the active organic carbon content, soil redox potential, and catalase activity, thus enhancing the proportion of the potentially bioavailable part of trace metal speciation. Conversely, irrigation with pharmaceutical wastewater can reduce the bioavailability of trace metals in rhizosphere soil by increasing total soil antibiotics and thus decreasing the proportions of bioavailable and potentially bioavailable parts of trace metal speciation. These findings can provide insights into the migration and transformation of trace metal speciation in soil rhizosphere microenvironments under the context of wastewater irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.
| | - Hong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Qiuling Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hanxia Yu
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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13
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Yan Z, Wang T, Wang L, Yang X, Smith P, Hilpert M, Li S, Shang J, Bailey V, Liu C. Microscale water distribution and its effects on organic carbon decomposition in unsaturated soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:1036-1043. [PMID: 30743817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microscale water distribution in the subsurface is key to many geochemical and biogeochemical reactions. This study investigated microscale water distribution and movement in unsaturated soils using micro-continuum hydrodynamic models, and examined the effect of microscale water distribution on organic carbon (C) decomposition using a micro-continuum biogeochemical reaction model. The micro-continuum hydrodynamic model that relates capillary pressure to porosity captured the measured water imbibition curve at the core scale, and exhibited reasonable water distribution and movement at the microscale. The simulations of organic C decomposition illustrate that microscale water distribution strongly affected the distribution of C decomposition rates by regulating the availability of dissolved organic C and oxygen. Particularly, changes in water distribution altered the location and intensity of reactive hotspots and thereby CO2 flux from soils. The microscale interactions between water content and organic C decomposition rate provide underlying mechanisms for explaining macroscale phenomenon observed in laboratory and fields. Overall, this study presents a useful tool for explicating hydro-biogeochemical behaviors in the subsurface by integrating micro-continuum hydrodynamic and biogeochemical reaction modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Yan
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Tiejun Wang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lichun Wang
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Peyton Smith
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A & M University, TX 77843, USA
| | - Markus Hilpert
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Siliang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianying Shang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Vanessa Bailey
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Chongxuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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14
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Wei Y, Zhao Y, Lu Q, Cao Z, Wei Z. Organophosphorus-degrading bacterial community during composting from different sources and their roles in phosphorus transformation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 264:277-284. [PMID: 29852417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to identify the key culturable organophosphorus-degrading bacteria (OPDB) that contributed to regulating different phosphorus (P) fractions and evaluate the roles of OPDB and inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (IPSB) in P transformation during different composting. The results showed that the amounts, incidence and community composition of OPDB for composts from diverse sources were distinctly different but significantly related to temperature and organic matter content. Fifteen key OPDB correlated closely with different P fractions have been selected by redundancy analysis. Two structural equation models were established to compare the roles of OPDB and IPSB on P availability during composting. Variance partitioning further showed that the interactions between IPSB and OPDB communities had a greater impact on P transformation than each independent factor. Therefore, the combined regulation of IPSB and OPDB were suggested to control the transformation of P fractions during composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qian Lu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhenyu Cao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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15
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Tan Q, Wang G, Liu X, Hao T, Tan W. Responses of soil organic carbon turnover to nitrogen deposition are associated with nitrogen input rates: Derived from soil 14C evidences. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:500-507. [PMID: 29604563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has exerted profound influences on ecosystems. Understanding the effects of N deposition on the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) is important in the studies of global carbon cycle. Although many studies have examined the effects of N deposition on SOC turnover using N addition experiments, the effects were reported to be different across studies. Thus, we lack a predictive understanding of how SOC turnover respond to atmospheric N deposition. The inconsistent results could be associated with ecosystem types and N addition rates. This study mainly wants to confirm the argument that the response of SOC turnover to N deposition is related with N input rates. We conducted a field experiment with multiple N addition levels (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 g N m-2·yr-1) in Inner Mongolia Grassland, China. To better reveal the responses of SOC turnover to N enrichment, this study measured the soil 14C contents, because it can indicate SOC turnover directly. Compared with the control treatment (0 g N m-2·yr-1), N addition inhibits SOC turnover at the addition rate of 3 g N m-2·yr-1, whereas SOC turnover is not affected when N addition rate was 6, 12, and 24 g N m-2·yr-1. Our results suggest that N input rates affect the responses of SOC turnover to N enrichment. Thus, this study can confirm the argument mentioned above. Based on this study, it should be considered in the climate prediction model that varied atmospheric N deposition levels across regions may have different impacts on local SOC turnover. In addition, we also carried out a soil incubation to compare between the results obtained in incubation and that in 14C measurements. Two results are found to be inconsistent with each other. This indicates that soil respiration from incubation experiments could not comprehensively assess the effects of N deposition on SOC turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tianxiang Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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16
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Tuo D, Gao G, Chang R, Li Z, Ma Y, Wang S, Wang C, Fu B. Effects of revegetation and precipitation gradient on soil carbon and nitrogen variations in deep profiles on the Loess Plateau of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 626:399-411. [PMID: 29358135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation is one of the most important factors affecting the variations in soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) following revegetation. However, the effects of revegetation and precipitation gradients on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and C-N interactions in deep profiles over large scales are poorly understood. This study measured the SOC and TN stocks to depth of 300 cm in three revegetation types (grassland, shrubland and forestland) and paired cropland stands at seven sites along a precipitation gradient with mean annual precipitation (MAP) from 280 to 540 mm yr-1 in the Loess Plateau of China. The results showed that the SOC and TN stocks in the 0-300 cm profile increased along the precipitation gradient. Revegetation did not always result in accumulation of SOC and TN stocks, which depended on the precipitation condition and varied among different vegetation types. Grassland restoration resulted in more SOC and TN accumulation than shrubland and forestland in areas with MAP < 510 mm, whereas there were losses in SOC and TN following grass plantation in sites with MAP > 510 mm. The changes in SOC and TN stocks following revegetation (∆SOC and ∆TN) were significantly correlated with MAP in only the 0-20 cm layer, whereas the changes in the C/N ratio of each depth were significantly and negatively correlated with MAP. The correlations between ∆SOC and ∆TN were stronger in the 0-60 cm layer than that in the 60-300 cm layer, and an accumulation of 1 g TN was associated with approximately 7.9 g increase of SOC in the 0-300 cm profile following revegetation. This study indicated that the changes in soil C and N stocks following revegetation had different patterns along precipitation gradient and among depths, and grassland restoration and N fertilizer input benefitted soil C and N sequestration in drier areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Tuo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangyao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ruiying Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zongshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bojie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, China
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