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Bezie MM, Tesema GA, Seifu BL. Multilevel multinomial regression analysis of factors associated with birth weight in sub-Saharan Africa. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9210. [PMID: 38649729 PMCID: PMC11035683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Birth weight significantly determines newborns immediate and future health. Globally, the incidence of both low birth weight (LBW) and macrosomia have increased dramatically including sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. However, there is limited study on the magnitude and associated factors of birth weight in SSA. Thus, thus study investigated factors associated factors of birth weight in SSA using multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis. The latest demographic and health survey (DHS) data of 36 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries was used for this study. A total of a weighted sample of 207,548 live births for whom birth weight data were available were used. Multilevel multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with birth weight. Variables with p-value < 0.2 in the bivariable analysis were considered for the multivariable analysis. In the multivariable multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis, the adjusted Relative Risk Ratio (aRRR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported to declare the statistical significance and strength of association. The prevalence of LBW and macrosomia in SSA were 10.44% (95% CI 10.31%, 10.57%) and 8.33% (95% CI 8.21%, 8.45%), respectively. Maternal education level, household wealth status, age, and the number of pregnancies were among the individual-level variables associated with both LBW and macrosomia in the final multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis. The community-level factors that had a significant association with both macrosomia and LBW were the place of residence and the sub-Saharan African region. The study found a significant association between LBW and distance to the health facility, while macrosomia had a significant association with parity, marital status, and desired pregnancy. In SSA, macrosomia and LBW were found to be major public health issues. Maternal education, household wealth status, age, place of residence, number of pregnancies, distance to the health facility, and parity were found to be significant factors of LBW and macrosomia in this study. Reducing the double burden (low birth weight and macrosomia) and its related short- and long-term effects, therefore, calls for improving mothers' socioeconomic status and expanding access to and availability of health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meklit Melaku Bezie
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and comprehensive specialized hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Beminate Lemma Seifu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
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Duttaroy AK. Influence of Maternal Diet and Environmental Factors on Fetal Development. Nutrients 2023; 15:4094. [PMID: 37836378 PMCID: PMC10574755 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue of Nutrients, "Influence of Maternal Diet and Environmental Factors on Fetal Development", requests articles on the roles of maternal diet and environmental factors such as microbiota, plastics, and endocrine disruptive chemicals impact fetal development [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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3
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Hills AP, Norris SA, Byrne NM, Jayasinghe S, Murphy-Alford AJ, Loechl CU, Ismail LIC, Kurpad AV, Kuriyan R, Nyati LH, Santos IS, Costa CS, Wickramasinghe VP, Lucas MN, Slater C, Yameen A, Ariff S. Body composition from birth to 2 years. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023:10.1038/s41430-023-01322-7. [PMID: 37563231 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Providing all infants with the best start to life is a universal but challenging goal for the global community. Historically, the size and shape of infants, quantified by anthropometry and commencing with birthweight, has been the common yardstick for physical growth and development. Anthropometry has long been considered a proxy for nutritional status during infancy when, under ideal circumstances, changes in size and shape are most rapid. Developed from data collected in the Multicentre Growth Reference Study (MGRS), WHO Child Growth Standards for healthy infants and children have been widely accepted and progressively adopted. In contrast, and somewhat surprisingly, much less is understood about the 'quality' of growth as reflected by body composition during infancy. Recent advances in body composition assessment, including the more widespread use of air displacement plethysmography (ADP) across the first months of life, have contributed to a progressive increase in our knowledge and understanding of growth and development. Along with stable isotope approaches, most commonly the deuterium dilution (DD) technique, the criterion measure of total body water (TBW), our ability to quantify lean and fat tissue using a two-compartment model, has been greatly enhanced. However, until now, global reference charts for the body composition of healthy infants have been lacking. This paper details some of the historical challenges associated with the assessment of body composition across the first two years of life, and references the logical next steps in growth assessments, including reference charts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shane A Norris
- University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Leila I Cheikh Ismail
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ayesha Yameen
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Pakistan
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Apostolopoulou A, Magriplis E, Tsekitsidi E, Oikonomidou AC, Papaefstathiou E, Tsakiridis I, Dagklis T, Chourdakis M. Development and validation of a short culture-specific food frequency questionnaire for Greek pregnant women and their adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Nutrition 2021; 90:111357. [PMID: 34218120 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the validity of a short, culture-specific, semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for Greek dietary habits and among a population of pregnant women, and to assess the adherence of reported nutritional habits to the Mediterranean diet. METHODS The validity of the FFQ was assessed by comparing FFQ-derived nutrient intakes against the average of two 24-h dietary recalls of 70 pregnant women. We used appropriate statistical methods to examine the nutrient correlation and level of agreement between the two figures (Pearson or Spearman correlation and Bland-Altman test, respectively). Calculation of the Mediterranean Diet Score was performed to evaluate participants' adherence to the Mediterranean diet. RESULTS Statistically significant positive correlations, of medium strength, were observed for almost all macronutrient groups (ρs ranging from 0.326 to 0.538). Dietary fiber intake was the only nutrient where a weak correlation was identified (ρ = -0.106; P > 0.05). Mean intakes, derived from the FFQ, agreed with results from the 24-h recalls based on Bland-Altman analysis, with the agreement ranging between 94.3% and 98.6% for the macronutrient groups under examination. The calculation of the Mediterranean Diet Score revealed that Greek pregnant women's habits are in accordance with the principles of the Mediterranean diet. CONCLUSIONS The developed FFQ is a valid tool that could provide reliable nutrient intake assessment in studies monitoring dietary habits of pregnant women, a group where nutritional monitoring is essential but to date remains limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Apostolopoulou
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanuella Magriplis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Tsekitsidi
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Artemis Christina Oikonomidou
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efstathios Papaefstathiou
- Second Urology Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsakiridis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Themistoklis Dagklis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Abdollahi S, Soltani S, de Souza RJ, Forbes SC, Toupchian O, Salehi-Abargouei A. Associations between Maternal Dietary Patterns and Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1332-1352. [PMID: 33508080 PMCID: PMC8321866 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze prospective cohort studies investigating the relation between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy with pregnancy and birth outcomes. PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science were searched from inception until October 2019 for eligible studies. Studies reporting relative risk, ORs, or incidences (for binary data) or means ± SDs or B-coefficients (for continuous outcomes) comparing the highest and lowest adherence with maternal dietary patterns were included. Dietary patterns were categorized as "healthy," "unhealthy," or "mixed." No language restrictions were applied. Study-specific effect sizes with SEs for outcomes of interest were pooled using a random-effects model. Quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Sixty-six relevant publications were included. A higher maternal adherence to a healthy diet was associated with a reduced risk of gestational hypertension (14%, P < 0.001), maternal depression (40%, P = 0.004), low birth weight (28%, P = 0.001), preterm birth (56%, P < 0.001), higher gestational weight gain (Hedges' g: 0.15; P = 0.01), and birth weight (Hedges' g: 0.19; P = 0.007). Higher maternal adherence to an unhealthy or a mixed diet was associated with higher odds of gestational hypertension (23%, P < 0.001 for unhealthy, and 8%, P = 0.01 for mixed diet). In stratified analyses, a higher healthy eating index was associated with reduced odds of being large based on gestational age (31%, P = 0.02) and a higher head circumference at birth (0.23 cm, P = 0.02). The Mediterranean and "prudent" dietary patterns were related to lower odds of being small based on gestational age (46%, P = 0.04) and preterm birth (52%, P = 0.03), respectively. The overall GRADE quality of the evidence for most associations was low or very low, indicating that future high-quality research is warranted. This study was registered at http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO as CRD42018089756.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Abdollahi
- School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott C Forbes
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Omid Toupchian
- School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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Yuan X, Liu Z, Zhu J, Yu P, Deng Y, Chen X, Li N, Li S, Yang S, Li J, Liu H, Li X. Association between prepregnancy body mass index and risk of congenital heart defects in offspring: an ambispective observational study in China. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:444. [PMID: 32753039 PMCID: PMC7405421 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03100-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common birth defect around the world. Maternal prepregnancy obesity has been proposed as a risk factor of CHDs, but the relationship of CHD risk with over- and underweight is controversial, especially because body mass index (BMI) distribution differs between Asia and the West. The study aimed to examine the potential associations of maternal over- and underweight on risk of offspring CHDs. METHODS An ambispective observational study involving 1206 fetuses with CHDs and 1112 fetuses without defects at seven hospitals in China was conducted. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect information on maternal prepregnancy weight and height, social demographic characteristics, living and occupational environments, and lifestyle behaviors. Univariate, multivariate and multilevel logistic regression as well as unrestricted cubic spline analysis were used to examine potential associations of prepregnancy BMI and offspring CHDs. RESULTS Prepregnancy maternal underweight (BMI<18.5) or low average BMI (18.5 ≤ BMI<21.25) was associated with significantly higher risk of CHD in offspring than high average BMI (21.25 ≤ BMI<24.0): multilevel logistic regression indicated adjusted odds ratios of 1.53 (95%CI 1.13, 2.08) for underweight, 1.44 (95%CI 1.10, 1.89) for low average BMI and 1.29 (95%CI 0.84, 1.97) for overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 24.0). Mothers with prepregnancy BMI < 21.25 were at greater risk of offspring with septal defects, while mothers with low average BMI were at greater risk of offspring with conotruncal defects and septal defects. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that underweight or low average BMI may be associated with higher risk of CHDs in offspring. Health professionals may wish to advise women planning to be pregnant to maintain or even gain weight to ensure adequate, balanced nutrition and thereby reduce the risk of CHDs in their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Yuan
- National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Hubei Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nana Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengli Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuihua Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangxi Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanmin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20 Ren Min Nan Lu, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohong Li
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17 Ren Min Nan Lu, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper evaluates the association between caffeine consumption during pregnancy and overweight or obesity in the offspring. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a literature search was conducted using MedLine, PubMed, CINAHL-Plus and Google Scholar databases. Inclusion criteria were cohort studies on participants with live singleton births at ≥28 weeks gestation who had consumed caffeine during pregnancy. Included were studies reporting both measurement of maternal caffeine intake and offspring anthropometric measurements. Studies reporting serum paraxanthine, a measurement of caffeine intake, were also included. RESULTS After final elimination, there were eight studies meeting our inclusion criteria. From these studies, we deduced that caffeine intake during pregnancy between 50 mg and <150 mg/day was associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity by excess fat deposition or increased weight, and elevated BMI per International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria using a reference population. The majority of studies reported the strongest association with maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and overweight and obesity risk beginning at ≥300 mg/day. CONCLUSIONS AND GLOBAL HEALTH IMPLICATION The risk of childhood overweight or obesity was associated with caffeine consumption at 50 mg/day during pregnancy with a stronger association at intakes ≥300 mg/day and higher. The current recommendation of <200 mg/day of caffeine during pregnancy is likely associated with lower risk of overweight or obesity in offspring but avoidance of the substance is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C Frayer
- Nutrition and Dietetics Program, Central Michigan University, 1200 S. Franklin St. Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Yeonsoo Kim
- Nutrition and Dietetics Program, Central Michigan University, 207 Wightman Hall 1202 S. Washington St. Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
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Swanepoel L, Henderson J, Maher J. Mothers' experiences with complementary feeding: Conventional and baby-led approaches. Nutr Diet 2019; 77:373-381. [PMID: 31211488 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM Lifelong eating behaviours are shaped in infancy with the introduction of solid foods (complementary feeding). A conventional approach to complementary feeding, encompassing spoon feeding of pureed foods, has long been the standard. Baby-led weaning is a contemporary approach whereby the infant is encouraged to choose what and how much they eat. Mothers navigate decisions about what and how to introduce foods to their infant in diverse ways. This study set out to explore the complementary feeding approaches of women. METHODS A qualitative study utilising photovoice and focus groups generated data that provided insight into women's lived experiences of complementary feeding. Thirteen women were purposively sampled and data were analysed in line with descriptive phenomenology. RESULTS Three recurrent themes emerged from the data. Women's approaches to complementary feeding were mediated by "trust," "convenience" and making decisions that were "value based versus practical based." Trust manifested in various forms including trusting the infant, trusting women's own instincts and the tension between social pressures and trust of self. CONCLUSIONS Differences between women following a conventional vs baby-led approach were also seen in perceptions of convenience, and the decision-making process. This study provides insight into how and why women choose certain feeding practices and can be used to better equip health professionals to work with new mothers in providing realistic and nuanced feeding support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libby Swanepoel
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia
| | - Justine Henderson
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia
| | - Judith Maher
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia
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Guo C, Xue Y, Seddik HE, Yin Y, Hu F, Mao S. Dynamic Changes of Plasma Metabolome in Response to Severe Feed Restriction in Pregnant Ewes. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9060112. [PMID: 31185597 PMCID: PMC6630903 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9060112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal metabolic disorders in ewes induced by energy deficiency have a detrimental effect on the maternal health and lambs. However, the dynamic processes of metabolic disorders are unknown. Therefore, this study attempted to explore the dynamic changes of maternal metabolism based on metabolomics approach during energy deficiency in pregnant ewes. Twenty pregnant Hu sheep were fed a basic diet or a 70% restricted basic diet. The HPLC-MS platform was applied to identify blood metabolites. Principal component analysis of blood samples based on their metabolic profile showed that blood samples of feed restriction group differed after the treatment. In particular, when comparing both groups, there were 120, 129, and 114 differential metabolites at day 5, day 10, and day 114 between the two groups, respectively. Enrichment analysis results showed that four metabolic pathways (glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis) at day 5, four metabolic pathways (aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and citrate cycle) at day 10, and nine metabolic pathways (aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, glycerophospholipid metabolism, butanoate metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, citrate cycle, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, and arginine and proline metabolism) at day 15 were significantly enriched between the two groups. These findings revealed temporal changes of metabolic disorders in pregnant ewes caused by severe feed restriction, which may provide insights into mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Guo
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yanfeng Xue
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Hossam-Eldin Seddik
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yuyang Yin
- Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Fan Hu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Fotiou M, Fotakis C, Tsakoumaki F, Athanasiadou E, Kyrkou C, Dimitropoulou A, Tsiaka T, Chatziioannou AC, Sarafidis K, Menexes G, Theodoridis G, Biliaderis CG, Zoumpoulakis P, Athanasiadis AP, Michaelidou AM. 1H NMR-based metabolomics reveals the effect of maternal habitual dietary patterns on human amniotic fluid profile. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4076. [PMID: 29511239 PMCID: PMC5840288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22230-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal diet may influence offspring’s health, even within well-nourished populations. Amniotic fluid (AF) provides a rational compartment for studies on fetal metabolism. Evidence in animal models indicates that maternal diet affects AF metabolic profile; however, data from human studies are scarce. Therefore, we have explored whether AF content may be influenced by maternal diet, using a validated food-frequency questionnaire and implementing NMR-based metabolomics. Sixty-five AF specimens, from women undergoing second-trimester amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis, were analysed. Complementary, maternal serum and urine samples were profiled. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified 2 dietary patterns, cluster 1 (C1, n = 33) and cluster 2 (C2, n = 32). C1 was characterized by significantly higher percentages of energy derived from refined cereals, yellow cheese, red meat, poultry, and “ready-to-eat” foods, while C2 by higher (P < 0.05) whole cereals, vegetables, fruits, legumes, and nuts. 1H NMR spectra allowed the identification of metabolites associated with these dietary patterns; glucose, alanine, tyrosine, valine, citrate, cis-acotinate, and formate were the key discriminatory metabolites elevated in C1 AF specimens. This is the first evidence to suggest that the composition of AF is influenced by maternal habitual dietary patterns. Our results highlight the need to broaden the knowledge on the importance of maternal nutrition during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fotiou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charalambos Fotakis
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Foteini Tsakoumaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elpiniki Athanasiadou
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charikleia Kyrkou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristea Dimitropoulou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thalia Tsiaka
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Kosmas Sarafidis
- 1st Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Menexes
- Department of Field Crops and Ecology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Costas G Biliaderis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.
| | - Apostolos P Athanasiadis
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Alexandra-Maria Michaelidou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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11
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Online nutrition information seeking among Australian primigravid women. Midwifery 2018; 58:37-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Campisano SE, Echarte SM, Podaza E, Chisari AN. Protein malnutrition during fetal programming induces fatty liver in adult male offspring rats. J Physiol Biochem 2017; 73:275-285. [PMID: 28160259 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of protein malnutrition on liver morphology and physiology in rats subjected to different malnutrition schemes. Pregnant rats were fed with a control diet or a low protein diet (LPD). Male offspring rats received a LPD during gestation, lactation, and until they were 60 days old (MM group), a late LPD that began after weaning (CM), or a LPD administrated only during the gestation-lactation period followed by a control diet (MC). On day 60, blood was collected and the liver was dissected out. We found a decrease in MM rats' total body (p < 0.001) and liver (p < 0.05) weight. These and CM rats showed obvious liver dysfunction reflected by the increase in serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGOT) (MM p < 0.001) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (MM and CM p < 0.001) enzymes, and liver content of cholesterol (MM and CM p < 0.001) and triglycerides (MM p < 0.01; CM p < 0.001), in addition to what we saw by histology. Liver dysfunction was also shown by the increase in gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) (MM, MC, and CM p < 0.001) and GST-pi1 (MM and CM p < 0.001, MC p < 0.05) expression levels. MC rats showed the lowest increment in GST-pi1 expression (MC vs. MM; p < 0.001, MC vs. CM; p < 0.01). ROS production (MM, CM, and MC: p < 0.001), lipid peroxidation (MM, CM, and MC p < 0.001), content of carbonyl groups in liver proteins (MM and CM p < 0.001, MC p < 0.01), and total antioxidant capacity (MM, CM, and MC p < 0.001) were increased in the liver of all groups of malnourished animals. However, MM rats showed the highest increment. We found higher TNF-α (MM and CM p < 0.001), and IL-6 (MM and CM p < 0.001) serum levels and TGF-β liver content (MM p < 0.01; CM p < 0.05), in MM and CM groups, while MC rats reverted the values to normal levels. Pro-survival signaling pathways mediated by tyrosine or serine/threonine kinases (pAKT) (MM and CM p < 0.001; MC p < 0.01) and extrasellular signal-regulated kinase (pERKs) (MM p < 0.01; CM p < 0.05) appeared to be activated in the liver of all groups of malnourished rats, suggesting the presence of cells resistant to apoptosis which would become cancerous. In conclusion, a LPD induced liver damage whose magnitude was related to the developmental stage at which malnutrition occurs and to its length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Edith Campisano
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Dean Funes 3350, B7602AYL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stella Maris Echarte
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 4th level Dean Funes 3250, B7602AYL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enrique Podaza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 4th level Dean Funes 3250, B7602AYL, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Nancy Chisari
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 4th level Dean Funes 3250, B7602AYL, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Sullivan EL, Rivera HM, True CA, Franco JG, Baquero K, Dean TA, Valleau JC, Takahashi DL, Frazee T, Hanna G, Kirigiti MA, Bauman LA, Grove KL, Kievit P. Maternal and postnatal high-fat diet consumption programs energy balance and hypothalamic melanocortin signaling in nonhuman primate offspring. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 313:R169-R179. [PMID: 28404581 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00309.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Maternal high-fat-diet (HFD) consumption during pregnancy decreased fetal body weight and impacted development of hypothalamic melanocortin neural circuitry in nonhuman primate offspring. We investigated whether these impairments during gestation persisted in juvenile offspring and examined the interaction between maternal and early postnatal HFD consumption. Adult dams consumed either a control diet (CTR; 15% calories from fat) or a high-saturated-fat diet (HFD; 37% calories from fat) during pregnancy. Offspring were weaned onto a CTR or HFD at ~8 mo of age. Offspring from HFD-fed dams displayed early catch-up growth and elevated body weight at 6 and 13 mo of age. Maternal and postnatal HFD exposure reduced the amount of agouti-related peptide fibers in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Postnatal HFD consumption also decreased the amount of agouti-related peptide fibers in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Postnatal HFD was associated with decreased food intake and increased activity. These results support and extend our previous findings of maternal diet effects on fetal development and reveal, for the first time in a nonhuman primate model, that maternal HFD-induced disturbances in offspring body weight regulation extended past gestation into the juvenile period. Maternal HFD consumption increases the risk for offspring developing obesity, with the developmental timing of HFD exposure differentially impacting the melanocortin system and energy balance regulation. The present findings provide translational insight into human clinical populations, suggesting that profound health consequences may await individuals later in life following intrauterine and postnatal HFD exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor L Sullivan
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon.,Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, Oregon; and
| | - Heidi M Rivera
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Cadence A True
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Juliana G Franco
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Karalee Baquero
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Tyler A Dean
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Jeanette C Valleau
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Diana L Takahashi
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Tim Frazee
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Genevieve Hanna
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Melissa A Kirigiti
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Leigh A Bauman
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Kevin L Grove
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Paul Kievit
- Division of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
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Athanasiadou E, Kyrkou C, Fotiou M, Tsakoumaki F, Dimitropoulou A, Polychroniadou E, Menexes G, Athanasiadis AP, Biliaderis CG, Michaelidou AM. Development and Validation of a Mediterranean Oriented Culture-Specific Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Nutrients 2016; 8:E522. [PMID: 27571097 PMCID: PMC5037509 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives were to develop a Mediterranean oriented semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and evaluate its validity in measuring energy and nutrient intakes. For FFQ development, the main challenge was to merge food items and practices reflecting cultural Mediterranean preferences with other food choices ensuing from diet transition to more westernized dietary patterns. FFQ validity was evaluated by comparing nutrient intakes against the average of two 24-h dietary recalls for 179 pregnant women. Although the mean intake values for most nutrients and energy tended to be higher when determined by the FFQ, the Cohen's d was below 0.3. Bland-Altman plots confirmed the agreement between the two methods. Positive significant correlations ranged from 0.35 to 0.77. The proportion of women classified correctly was between 73.2% and 92.2%, whereas gross misclassification was low. Weighted kappa values were between 0.31 and 0.78, while intraclass correlation coefficients were between 0.49 and 0.89. Our methodological approach for the development and validation of this FFQ provides reliable measurements of energy, macro- and micronutrient intakes. Overall, our culture-specific FFQ could serve as a useful assessment tool in studies aiming at monitoring dietary intakes, especially in the Mediterranean region, where countries share common cultural dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elpiniki Athanasiadou
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Charikleia Kyrkou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Maria Fotiou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Foteini Tsakoumaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Aristea Dimitropoulou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Eleni Polychroniadou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Georgios Menexes
- Department of Field Crops and Ecology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Apostolos P Athanasiadis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Costas G Biliaderis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| | - Alexandra-Maria Michaelidou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A nutrient-rich maternal diet before and during pregnancy is associated with improved fetal health, more appropriate birth weight, and increased rates of maternal and infant survival. Physicians need a better understanding of the role of diet in shaping fetal outcomes. Given this background, we reviewed and summarized articles on maternal nutrition found in MEDLINE since 1981, written in English, and limited to human subjects. FOR THE OFFSPRING Maternal diets high in sugar and fat lead to an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease later in life. Folic acid should be supplemented prior to conception and continued through at least the first 28 days of fetal life to prevent neural tube defects, and vitamin C should be given to women who smoke to lower the incidence of asthma and wheezing in the children. Iodine deficiency is increasing, and iodine should be included in prenatal supplements. If the maternal hemoglobin is 7 g/dL or more, there is no evidence that iron supplementation is needed. Fish intake during pregnancy is protective against atopic outcomes, whereas high-meat diets contribute to elevated adult blood pressure and hypersecretion of cortisol. FOR THE MOTHER Calcium supplementation lowers the risk of preeclampsia and hypertensive disease in pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Given the limits of our current knowledge, a diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and selected fish is desirable for the best outcomes. Diets high in sugar and fat lead to higher rates of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Folic acid, iodine, and calcium in all pregnant women and vitamin C in smokers are the only supplements so far shown to be of value for routine use. The physician treating a pregnant woman should be ready to advise a healthy diet for the benefit of the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard I. Lowensohn
- *Adjunct Associate Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, †Assistant Professor of Medicine, and ‡Clinical Dietitian Specialist, Center for Women’s Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Diane D. Stadler
- *Adjunct Associate Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, †Assistant Professor of Medicine, and ‡Clinical Dietitian Specialist, Center for Women’s Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Christie Naze
- *Adjunct Associate Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, †Assistant Professor of Medicine, and ‡Clinical Dietitian Specialist, Center for Women’s Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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16
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Effects ofl-carnitine and/or maize distillers dried grains with solubles in diets of gestating and lactating sows on the intestinal barrier functions of their offspring. Br J Nutr 2016; 116:459-69. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516001951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects ofl-carnitine and/or maize distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets of gestating and lactating sows on the intestinal barrier functions of their offspring. The experiment was designed as a 2×2 factorial with two dietary treatments (soyabean mealv.DDGS) and twol-carnitine levels (0v.100 mg/kg in gestating diets and 0v.200 mg/kg in lactating diets). Sows (Landrace×Large White) with an average parity of 4·2 with similar body weight were randomly assigned to four groups of thirty each. Dietary supplementation withl-carnitine increased the total superoxide dismutase activity but decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde of the jejunal mucosa in newborn piglets and weaning piglets on day 21. Dietary supplementation withl-carnitine decreased the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-12 and TNF-αin the jejunal mucosa of newborn piglets and decreased the concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-αin the jejunal mucosa of weaning piglets on day 21. There was an interaction between dietary treatment andl-carnitine on the bacterial numbers of total eubacteria in the digesta of caecum in weaning piglets on day 21. Bacterial numbers of total eubacteria in weaning piglets on day 21 were significantly increased byl-carnitine only in soyabean meal diet, but there was no significant effect ofl-carnitine in DDGS-based diet. Dietary supplementation withl-carnitine increased the bacterial numbers ofLactobacillusspp. and bifidobacteria spp. in the digesta of caecum in weaning piglets on day 21. Dietary supplementation withl-carnitine in sows affected the expression of tight junction proteins (claudin 1, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin) in the jejunal mucosa of their offspring by increasing the expression of ZO-1 mRNA in the jejunal mucosa of newborn piglets, and by increasing the expression of ZO-1 and occludin mRNA in the jejunal mucosa of weaning piglets on day 21. In conclusion, dietary supplementation withl-carnitine in gestating and lactating sows had positive effects on intestinal barrier functions of newborn piglets and weaning piglets on day 21, but it did not have effects on intestinal barrier functions of growing–finishing pigs in the filial generation. There were no effects of dietary treatment of sows on intestinal barrier functions in their offspring.
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17
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Abeysekera MV, Morris JA, Davis GK, O'Sullivan AJ. Alterations in energy homeostasis to favour adipose tissue gain: A longitudinal study in healthy pregnant women. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2015; 56:42-8. [PMID: 26817524 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy is associated with an increase in body fat; however, excessive gestational weight gain predisposes to significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. It remains unclear whether alterations in energy homeostasis have a major influence on fat storage. AIMS To evaluate longitudinal changes in body composition and energy metabolism in healthy pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Body composition, energy expenditure and energy intake were measured longitudinally in 26 women with singleton pregnancies at 12-14 weeks, 24-26 weeks and 34-36 weeks of gestation. Fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LBM) were measured using bio-impedance analysis, total energy expenditure (TEE) using the Sensewear Armband and energy intake through a 3-day food recall diary. RESULTS Throughout pregnancy, all women remained healthy. Body weight increased by 10.8 ± 3.9 kg, from 67.3 ± 14.1 kg to 78.1 ± 13.8 kg from the first to the third trimester (P < 0.001). Body fat percentage increased by 4.5 ± 4.2% (P < 0.001). LBM also increased throughout pregnancy, by 3.9 ± 2.4 kg (P < 0.001). TEE increased significantly from the first to the third trimesters (9514 kJ/day to 10 263 kJ/day; P < 0.05). In contrast, energy expenditure due to physical activity, energy intake and macronutrient intake did not change significantly throughout pregnancy. CONCLUSION Healthy women increase FM during pregnancy despite slight increases in TEE and no change in energy intake. This suggests that energy storage efficiency improves during pregnancy, which may be related to alterations in gut microbiota and activation of anabolic pathways during pregnancy. Clarifying factors leading to this more efficient fat and energy storing state, and the role of the pregnancy-related changes in gut microbiota, may be important for managing gestational weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoli V Abeysekera
- Departments of Endocrinology and Medicine, Department of Women's Health, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, St. George Hospital and UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jack A Morris
- Departments of Endocrinology and Medicine, Department of Women's Health, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, St. George Hospital and UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gregory K Davis
- Departments of Endocrinology and Medicine, Department of Women's Health, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, St. George Hospital and UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony J O'Sullivan
- Departments of Endocrinology and Medicine, Department of Women's Health, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, St. George Hospital and UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Graves E, Hill DJ, Evers S, Van Aarsen K, Yama B, Yuan S, Campbell MK. The impact of abnormal glucose tolerance and obesity on fetal growth. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:847674. [PMID: 25977929 PMCID: PMC4421033 DOI: 10.1155/2015/847674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Factors linked with insulin resistance were examined for their association with large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infant birth weight and gestational diabetes. STUDY DESIGN Data came from a longitudinal cohort study of 2,305 subjects without overt diabetes, analyzed using multinomial logistic and linear regression. RESULTS High maternal BMI (OR = 1.53 (1.11, 2.12)), height (1.98 (1.62, 2.42)), antidepressant use (1.71 (1.20, 2.44)), pregnancy weight-gain exceeding 40 pounds (1.79 (1.25, 2.57)), and high blood sugar (2.68, (1.53, 5.27)) were all positively associated with LGA birth. Strikingly, the difference in risk from diagnosed and treated gestational diabetes compared to women with a single abnormal glucose tolerance test (but no diagnosis of gestational diabetes) was significant (OR = 0.65, p = 0.12 versus OR = 2.84, p < 0.01). When weight/length ratio was used instead, different factors were found to be significant. BMI and pregnancy weight-gain were found to influence the development of gestational diabetes, through an additive interaction. CONCLUSIONS High prepregnancy BM, height, antidepressant use, pregnancy weight-gain exceeding 40 pounds, and high blood sugar were associated with LGA birth, but not necessarily infant weight/length ratio. An additive interaction between BMI and pregnancy weight-gain influenced gestational diabetes development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Graves
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - David J. Hill
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada N6C 2R5
| | - Susan Evers
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Kristine Van Aarsen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Brie Yama
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Su Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
| | - M. Karen Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada N6C 2R5
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6H 5W9
- Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON, Canada N6C 2R6
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada N6C 2V5
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19
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Maher JH, Lowe JB. Navigating health priorities and motivators during pregnancy and new motherhood. Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith H. Maher
- School of Health and Sports Science; University of the Sunshine Coast; Maroochydore DC Queensland Australia
| | - John B. Lowe
- School of Health and Sports Science; University of the Sunshine Coast; Maroochydore DC Queensland Australia
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20
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Gaudet L, Ferraro ZM, Wen SW, Walker M. Maternal obesity and occurrence of fetal macrosomia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:640291. [PMID: 25544943 PMCID: PMC4273542 DOI: 10.1155/2014/640291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine a precise estimate for the contribution of maternal obesity to macrosomia. DATA SOURCES The search strategy included database searches in 2011 of PubMed, Medline (In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid Medline, 1950-2011), and EMBASE Classic + EMBASE. Appropriate search terms were used for each database. Reference lists of retrieved articles and review articles were cross-referenced. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION All studies that examined the relationship between maternal obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)) (pregravid or at 1st prenatal visit) and fetal macrosomia (birth weight ≥4000 g, ≥4500 g, or ≥90th percentile) were considered for inclusion. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS Data regarding the outcomes of interest and study quality were independently extracted by two reviewers. Results from the meta-analysis showed that maternal obesity is associated with fetal overgrowth, defined as birth weight ≥ 4000 g (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.92, 2.45), birth weight ≥4500 g (OR 2.77,95% CI 2.22, 3.45), and birth weight ≥90% ile for gestational age (OR 2.42, 95% CI 2.16, 2.72). CONCLUSION Maternal obesity appears to play a significant role in the development of fetal overgrowth. There is a critical need for effective personal and public health initiatives designed to decrease prepregnancy weight and optimize gestational weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gaudet
- University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Zachary M. Ferraro
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity (HALO) Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L1
| | - Shi Wu Wen
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Mark Walker
- University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
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Fotiou M, Michaelidou AM, Athanasiadis AP, Menexes G, Symeonidou M, Koulourida V, Ganidou M, Theodoridis TD, Tarlatzis BC. Second trimester amniotic fluid glucose, uric acid, phosphate, potassium, and sodium concentrations in relation to maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and birth weight centiles. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:910-5. [PMID: 25046579 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.937692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the evolution profile of amniotic fluid (AF) glucose, uric acid, phosphate, potassium, and sodium, in the second trimester of pregnancy, and explore the possible relations between the concentration of these components and maternal, as well as neonatal characteristics. METHODS AF of 52 pregnant women was analyzed using an automatic multichannel analyzer. Maternal age, pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI), inter-pregnancy intervals, and smoking status were derived from questionnaires. Information on pregnancy and delivery was collected from medical records. RESULTS Uric acid increased (r = 0.423, p < 0.01), while phosphate and glucose concentrations decreased during the period of 16-26th week of pregnancy (r = -0.590, p < 0.001 and r = -0.314, p < 0.05, respectively). Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly correlated with AF uric acid concentration (r = 0.460, p < 0.01) and marginally with AF glucose (r = 0.274, p = 0.052) and sodium (r = 0.254, p = 0.070) levels. Multiple linear regression indicated that mid-trimester AF uric acid and phosphate levels were significantly related to birth weight centiles (R(2)( )= 0.345, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that: (a) AF phosphate levels reflect gestational age to a satisfactory extent, (b) maternal pre-pregnancy BMI is significantly correlated with AF uric acid concentration, and (c) in appropriate for gestational age infants, AF phosphate and uric acid levels may serve as potential biomarkers of birth weight centiles. Further studies on AF composition may help to unravel the biochemical pathways underlying fetal development and could offer insight on the potential impact of maternal nutritional management on fetal growth regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fotiou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece
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Abeysekera MV, Morris JA, O'Sullivan AJ. Techniques to measure free-living energy expenditure during pregnancy - A guide for clinicians and researchers. Obstet Med 2014; 7:60-5. [PMID: 27512425 DOI: 10.1177/1753495x14528324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As maternal overweight and obesity increase in prevalence, the need to optimise gestational weight gain has entered the forefront due to the well-documented poor fetal and maternal outcomes associated with excess adipose tissue. Measurements of changes in energy expenditure form crucial components of effective weight management programmes, and they are also important for clarifying the energy requirements of pregnancy. This review evaluates the primary techniques for measuring free-living energy expenditure for use in pregnancy, with special consideration of the dynamic physiological changes that occur in this state. The methods that will be discussed include the doubly labelled water method, activity recall and activity logs, heart rate monitors and motion sensors. This article may be useful for clinicians seeking to implement active gestational weight management by enabling advice on increases in caloric intake linked to measured changes in energy expenditure, and for researchers studying energy metabolism in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoli V Abeysekera
- Departments of Endocrinology and Medicine, St. George Hospital and UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jack A Morris
- Departments of Endocrinology and Medicine, St. George Hospital and UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony J O'Sullivan
- Departments of Endocrinology and Medicine, St. George Hospital and UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Maher JH, Hughes R, Anderson C, Lowe JB. An exploratory investigation amongst Australian mothers regarding pharmacies and opportunities for nutrition promotion. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2013; 28:1040-1050. [PMID: 23861480 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyt070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The early years life-stage (1 year either side of childbirth) is an important period for preventive action focusing on optimizing nutritional health for mothers and babies. Community pharmacy is a much utilized, easily accessed setting for health promotion and exposure to the primary health care system. The literature suggests that there has been limited exploration of pharmacy utilization by mothers, particularly in the context of nutrition focused health promotion. This study aimed to explore mothers' expectations and experiences of pharmacy based health care and to explore mothers' attitudes and opinions regarding opportunities and scope for nutrition-related health promotion in pharmacy. Qualitative semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted amongst a purposive sample of 28 mothers from across Queensland, Australia. Interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically using an iterative approach. Participants as relatively frequent users of pharmacy services accessed pharmacy for medicines or product related concerns but expected information and health advice to be available. Opportunities for nutrition promotion in pharmacy, identified by participants, related primarily to addressing their personal needs for information, advice and support during this life-stage. Improving and reorienting pharmacy staff practices may contribute to more supportive guidance being provided to mothers in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Maher
- School of Health and Sports Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs 4572, Australia, School of Health Science, Bond University, Gold Coast 4229, Australia and School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Gokyildiz S, Alan S, Elmas E, Bostanci A, Kucuk E. Health-promoting lifestyle behaviours in pregnant women in Turkey. Int J Nurs Pract 2013; 20:390-7. [PMID: 24118372 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to describe the health-promoting lifestyle behaviours of pregnant women. The study was carried out with pregnant women who applied to the polyclinics in different maternity and children hospitals located in Adana, Turkey, between 1 March and 30 May 2009. The data collection tools used in the study were (i) a questionnaire that was used to collect sociodemographic data from the participants and (ii) the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II). The results obtained from the study showed that total HPLP II scores were moderate; the highest scores were obtained on the spiritual growth dimension and the lowest scores on the physical activity dimension. Pregnant women with older age, those with a higher educational level, those with a better socioeconomic status and those living in a nuclear family were found to be more likely to have health-promoting lifestyles. Health promotion and healthy lifestyle need to be an integral part of health services provided for pregnant women. Midwives and nurses have prominent roles in encouraging pregnant women to engage in health-promoting behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Gokyildiz
- Adana Health High School, Cukurova University, Adana, Saricam, Turkey
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25
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Proportions and concentrations of serum n-3 fatty acids can be increased by dietary counseling during pregnancy. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67:1163-8. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ferro Cavalcante TC, Lima da Silva JM, da Marcelino da Silva AA, Muniz GS, da Luz Neto LM, Lopes de Souza S, Manhães de Castro R, Ferraz KM, do Nascimento E. Effects of a Westernized Diet on the Reflexes and Physical Maturation of Male Rat Offspring During the Perinatal Period. Lipids 2013; 48:1157-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-013-3833-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Andres A, Shankar K, Badger TM. Body fat mass of exclusively breastfed infants born to overweight mothers. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012; 112:991-5. [PMID: 22889630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there is evidence that maternal prepregnancy obesity (body mass index [BMI; calculated as kg/m(2)] ≥30) results in elevated risk of obesity in the offspring later in life, maternal prepregnancy overweight (BMI 25 to 29.9) has not been clearly demonstrated as a risk factor for the future development of obesity in the offspring. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine if body composition differs between infants born to lean or overweight breastfeeding women. DESIGN Body composition (PeaPod, COSMED USA, Inc) and anthropometric outcomes were measured in 65 infants born to lean mothers (n=46) (BMI 18.5 to 24.9) or overweight mothers (n=19) (BMI 25 to 29.9) between 2006 and 2007. Maternal body composition (BodPod, COSMED USA, Inc) was also measured. RESULTS Body fat mass was higher in infants born to overweight mothers compared with infants born to lean mothers at age 2 weeks and 3 months (11.9% vs 15.3% and 24.1% vs 26.8%, respectively; P<0.05). After adjusting for gestational weight gain and birth weight, body fat mass was significantly greater only at age 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Infants of overweight mothers have greater body fat mass in the neonatal period compared with infants of lean mothers, suggesting that maternal overweight may predispose fetal metabolism to favor fat storage. Although our data suggest that this effect is short lived, future studies are needed to investigate children beyond the infancy period to test if body composition is greater in offspring of overweight women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Andres
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 15 Children’s Way, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.
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28
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Awwad J, Usta IM, Succar J, Musallam KM, Ghazeeri G, Nassar AH. The effect of maternal fasting during Ramadan on preterm delivery: a prospective cohort study. BJOG 2012; 119:1379-86. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03438.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Maternal protein restriction before pregnancy reduces offspring early body mass and affects glucose metabolism in C57BL/6JBom mice. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2012; 3:364-74. [DOI: 10.1017/s2040174412000347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dietary protein restriction in pregnant females reduces offspring birth weight and increases the risk of developing obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Despite these grave consequences, few studies have addressed the effects of preconceptional maternal malnutrition. Here we investigate how a preconceptional low-protein (LP) diet affects offspring body mass and insulin-regulated glucose metabolism. Ten-week-old female mice (C57BL/6JBom) received either an LP or isocaloric control diet (8% and 22% crude protein, respectively) for 10 weeks before conception, but were thereafter fed standard laboratory chow (22.5% crude protein) during pregnancy, lactation and offspring growth. When the offspring were 10 weeks old, they were subjected to an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (GTT), and sacrificed after a 5-day recovery period to determine visceral organ mass. Body mass of LP male offspring was significantly lower at weaning compared with controls. A similar, nonsignificant, tendency was observed for LP female offspring. These differences in body mass disappeared within 1 week after weaning, a consequence of catch-up growth in LP offspring. GTTs of 10-week-old offspring revealed enhanced insulin sensitivity in LP offspring of both sexes. No differences were found in body mass, food intake or absolute size of visceral organs of adult offspring. Our results indicate that maternal protein restriction imposed before pregnancy produces effects similar to postconceptional malnutrition, namely, low birth weight, catch-up growth and enhanced insulin sensitivity at young adulthood. This could imply an increased risk of offspring developing lifestyle-acquired diseases during adulthood.
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Sullivan EL, Nousen EK, Chamlou KA, Grove KL. The Impact of Maternal High-Fat Diet Consumption on Neural Development and Behavior of Offspring. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY SUPPLEMENTS 2012; 2:S7-S13. [PMID: 26069734 PMCID: PMC4460829 DOI: 10.1038/ijosup.2012.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diet and metabolic state are important factors in determining the environment experienced during perinatal development. Epidemiological studies and evidence from animal models provide evidence that a mother's diet and metabolic condition are important in programming the neural circuitry that regulates behavior, resulting in a persistent impact on the offspring's behavior. Potential mechanisms by which maternal diet and metabolic profile influence the perinatal environment include placental dysfunction and increases in circulating factors such as inflammatory cytokines, nutrients (glucose and fatty acids) and hormones (insulin and leptin). Maternal obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) consumption exposure during development have been observed to increase the risk of developing serious mental health and behavioral disorders including anxiety, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. The increased risk of developing these behavioral disorders is postulated to be due to perturbations in the development of neural pathways that regulate behavior, including the serotonergic, dopaminergic and melanocortinergic systems. It is critical to examine the influence that a mother's nutrition and metabolic profile have on the developing offspring considering the current and alarmingly high prevalence of obesity and HFD consumption in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Sullivan
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - E K Nousen
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - K A Chamlou
- Department of Biology, University of Portland, Portland, OR, USA
| | - K L Grove
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA
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31
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Park JS. Maternal and paternal nutrition before conception. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2011. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2011.54.8.818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joong Shin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Männik J, Vaas P, Rull K, Teesalu P, Rebane T, Laan M. Differential expression profile of growth hormone/chorionic somatomammotropin genes in placenta of small- and large-for-gestational-age newborns. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:2433-42. [PMID: 20233782 PMCID: PMC2869554 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The human growth hormone/chorionic somatomammotropin (hGH/CSH) locus at 17q22-24, consisting of one pituitary-expressed postnatal (GH1) and four placenta-expressed genes (GH2, CSH1, CSH2, and CSHL1), is implicated in regulation of postnatal and intrauterine growth. A positive correlation has been reported between the offspring's birth weight and serum placental GH (coded by GH2) and placental lactogen (coded by CSH1, CSH2) levels in pregnant women. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was the investigation of the hypothesis that the mRNA expression profile of placental hGH/CSH genes contributes to the determination of birth weight. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS We developed a sensitive, fluorescent-labeled semiquantitative RT-PCR assay coupled with gene-specific restriction analysis, capable of distinguishing alternative splice-products of individual placental hGH/CSH genes and quantification of their relative expression levels. The detailed profile of alternative transcripts of GH2, CSH1, CSH2, and CSHL1 genes in placenta from uncomplicated term pregnancies of the REPROMETA sample collection was addressed in association with the birth weight of newborns, grouped as appropriate for gestational age (AGA; n = 23), small for gestational age (SGA; n = 15), and large for gestational age (LGA; n = 34). RESULTS The majority of pregnancies with SGA newborn showed down-regulation of the entire hGH/CSH cluster in placenta, whereas in the case of LGA, the expression of CSH1-1, CSH2-1, and CSHL1-4 mRNA transcripts in placenta was significantly increased compared with AGA newborns (P < 0.0001, P = 0.009, P = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION The expression profile of placental hGH/CSH genes in placenta is altered in pregnancies accompanied by SGA and LGA compared with AGA newborns, and thus, it may directly affect the circulating fetal and maternal placental GH and placental lactogen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Männik
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia Street 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia.
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Papastefanou I, Samolis S, Panagopoulos P, Tagia M, Bale C, Kouskoukis A, Galazios G. Correlation between maternal first trimester plasma leptin levels and birth weight among normotensive and preeclamptic women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2010; 23:1435-43. [PMID: 20230327 DOI: 10.3109/14767051003678283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the connection between maternal first trimester serum leptin levels and newborn weight. METHODS The study included 37 preeclamptic women and 53 normotensive women who considered the control group. Maternal blood samples were withdrawn at 13 weeks of gestation for the measurement of leptin concentrations. Birth weights were transformed to z-scores according to maternal and obstetrical features, based on customized centiles. Non-parametric tests, student's t-test, Pearson's correlation, Spearman's correlation and linear regression analysis were performed in our analysis. RESULTS Pre-pregnancy body mass index and first trimester maternal plasma leptin levels were significantly higher among women with preeclampsia (p=0.015 and p<0.001, respectively). Birth weight z-score was negatively correlated with leptin levels (r= -0.570, p<0.001), in preeclamptic group and in control group (r= -0.477, p<0.001). The regression modelling demonstrated a significant negative association between birth weight z-scores and leptin for both groups. CONCLUSION Maternal first trimester serum leptin demonstrates a significant negative association with neonatal weight in preeclamptic pregnancies and to a lesser extent in normotensive pregnancies. A possible leptin's involvement in pathophysiological adaptations that define the foetal growth potential can be supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Papastefanou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, Pireaus, Greece
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34
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Latva-Pukkila U, Isolauri E, Laitinen K. Dietary and clinical impacts of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. J Hum Nutr Diet 2009; 23:69-77. [PMID: 19943842 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2009.01019.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition during pregnancy is important for the health of both mother and infant. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) may alter food intake but the dietary and clinical consequences of NVP are poorly understood. The present study aimed to identify the differences in dietary intakes and clinical characteristics of women with NVP compared with those without. METHODS Women with (n = 134) or without (n = 53) NVP were studied in each trimester of pregnancy. The babies were studied at birth, and at 1 and 6 months. The presence of nausea and vomiting was established by interviews using standard questions. Daily intakes of foods and nutrients were assessed from 3-day food diaries. Weight gain during pregnancy and weights and lengths of the infants at birth and at 1 and 6 months of age were recorded. RESULTS In the first trimester, intake of meat products and thus protein in women with NVP was lower both quantitatively (P = 0.007) and as a proportion of energy (16.4E% [interquartile range (IQR) 14.9-18.4]) compared to non-NVP [18.3E% (IQR 16.3-19.8), P = 0.003]. The proportional intakes of carbohydrates were higher in NVP subjects [50.1E% (IQR 46.7-53.6)] than in non-NVP [46.8E% (IQR 43.6-51.9), P = 0.008]. Dietary and total intakes of vitamin B(12), total intake of magnesium and dietary intake of zinc were lower in women with NVP. Changes in diet remained throughout pregnancy. Women with NVP had shorter pregnancies [39.9 (95% CI 39.6-40.1)] compared with those without [40.4 (95% CI 40.1-40.8) weeks, P = 0.018], but neither pregnancy weight gain nor infants' weight and length differed. CONCLUSIONS Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy modified dietary intake and has potential clinical impacts as suggested by the altered pregnancy duration. In view of the programming effect of early nutrition, these alterations may carry long-term health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Latva-Pukkila
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Derosas R. The joint effect of maternal malnutrition and cold weather on neonatal mortality in nineteenth-century Venice: An assessment of the hypothermia hypothesis. Population Studies 2009; 63:233-51. [DOI: 10.1080/00324720903165449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Jansson N, Nilsfelt A, Gellerstedt M, Wennergren M, Rossander-Hulthén L, Powell TL, Jansson T. Maternal hormones linking maternal body mass index and dietary intake to birth weight. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87:1743-9. [PMID: 18541564 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/87.6.1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese women often give birth to large-for-gestational age infants (typically defined as a birth weight greater than the 90th percentile), who are at risk of birth injuries and of developing metabolic syndrome later in life. The mechanisms underlying increased fetal growth remain to be established. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify maternal hormones that can explain the link between dietary intake, body mass index (BMI), and birth weight. DESIGN Pregnant women with BMIs (in kg/m(2)) ranging from 17 to 44 (n = 49) were recruited in gestational weeks 8-12. Serum hormone concentrations were measured and dietary history interviews were performed in the first and third trimesters. Multiple regression models were produced to identify hormones that correlate with birth weight and are influenced by BMI or dietary factors. RESULTS We found a strong positive correlation between BMI and first- and third-trimester insulin and leptin concentrations and a negative correlation between BMI and first-trimester adiponectin and first- and third-trimester insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1). Maternal total fat intake in the first trimester was positively correlated with maternal leptin and inversely correlated with adiponectin. In addition, third-trimester total fat intake was positively correlated with circulating resistin concentrations. First-trimester maternal serum resistin was positively correlated with birth weight, whereas third-trimester maternal IGFBP-1 was negatively correlated with birth weight. CONCLUSIONS High first-trimester maternal serum resistin and low third-trimester IGFBP-1 were correlated with increased birth weight. We propose that low serum concentrations of IGFBP-1 represent a link between high BMI and increased fetal growth by increasing the bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor-I, which up-regulates placental nutrient transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Jansson
- Perinatal Center, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
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