1
|
Mansourian M, Marateb H, Nouri R, Mansourian M. Effects of man-made electromagnetic fields on heart rate variability parameters of general public: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2024; 39:603-616. [PMID: 37195230 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effects of man-made electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the cardiovascular system have been investigated in many studies. In this regard, the cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity due to EMFs exposure, assessed by heart rate variability (HRV), was targeted in some studies. The studies investigating the relationship between EMFs and HRV have yielded conflicting results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the data's consistency and identify the association between EMFs and HRV measures. CONTENT Published literature from four electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane, were retrieved and screened. Initially, 1601 articles were retrieved. After the screening, 15 original studies were eligible to be included in the meta-analysis. The studies evaluated the association between EMFs and SDNN (standard deviation of NN intervals), SDANN (Standard deviation of the average NN intervals for each 5 min segment of a 24 h HRV recording), and PNN50 (percentage of successive RR intervals that differ by more than 50 ms). SUMMARY There was a decrease in SDNN (ES=-0.227 [-0.389, -0.065], p=0.006), SDANN (ES=-0.526 [-1.001, -0.05], p=0.03) and PNN50 (ES=-0.287 [-0.549, -0.024]). However, there was no significant difference in LF (ES=0.061 (-0.267, 0.39), p=0.714) and HF (ES=-0.134 (0.581, 0.312), p=0.556). In addition, a significant difference was not observed in LF/HF (ES=0.079 (-0.191, 0.348), p=0.566). OUTLOOK Our meta-analysis suggests that exposure to the environmental artificial EMFs could significantly correlate with SDNN, SDANN, and PNN50 indices. Therefore, lifestyle modification is essential in using the devices that emit EMs, such as cell phones, to decrease some signs and symptoms due to EMFs' effect on HRV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mansourian
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Marateb
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rasool Nouri
- Department of Medical Library and Information Sciences, School of Health Management and Medical Information, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lucia U, Grisolia G. Thermodynamic Considerations on the Biophysical Interaction between Low-Energy Electromagnetic Fields and Biosystems. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:179. [PMID: 39195431 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14080179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
A general theory explaining how electromagnetic waves affect cells and biological systems has not been completely accepted yet; nevertheless, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) can interfere with and modify several molecular cellular processes. The therapeutic effect of EMFs has been investigated in several clinical conditions with promising results: in this context a better understanding of mechanisms by which ELF-EMF influences cellular events is necessary and it could lead to more extended and specific clinical applications in different pathological conditions. This paper develops a thermodynamic model to explain how ELF-EMF directly interferes with the cellular membrane, inducing a biological response related to a cellular energy conversion and modification of flows across cell membranes. Indeed, energy, irreversibly consumed by cellular metabolism, is converted into entropy variation. The proposed thermodynamic model views living systems as adaptative open systems, analysing the changes in energy and matter moving in and out of the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Lucia
- Dipartimento Energia "Galileo Ferraris", Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisolia
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente, del Territorio e delle Infrastrutture, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aliyari H, Sahraei H, Menhaj MB, Kazemi M, Vahidi B, Hosseinian SH. Environmental Effect of High-voltage Towers on the Cerebellum and Cognitive Impairments in the Monkey. Basic Clin Neurosci 2024; 15:185-198. [PMID: 39228444 PMCID: PMC11367210 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2021.1340.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Today, high-voltage (HV) lines create a pernicious environment for humans living or working in the vicinity and even under these lines. The male rhesus monkey is used to investigate the effects of fields produced by HV towers. This study examines the function and level of impact in rhesus monkeys' brains from the cerebellum's cognitive, biological, and structural perspective. Methods Two monkeys have been used, one as a control and the second as a test. The monkey under test was subjected to a simulated HV electrical field of 3 kV/m, 4 hours a day, for 1 month. Behavioral tests were performed using a device designed and built for this purpose. Concentration analysis of adrenocorticotropic hormones (ACTH) and inspection of glucocorticoid receptor gene's (GR) expression were performed by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. Changes in cerebellar anatomy were examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All tests were performed before and after the study period and compared with the control monkey. Results Cognitive tests showed a significant reduction for the monkey exposed to the HV electrical field in the first week after imposition compared with the same time before. Also, the expression of the GR gene decreased, and the concentration of ACTH hormone in plasma increased. Surveying the level of cerebral MRI images did not show any difference, but hemorrhage was evident in a part of the cerebellum. Conclusion The tested monkey's cognitive, biological, and MRI results showed a decrease in visual learning and memory indices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Aliyari
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Hedayat Sahraei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Menhaj
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electrical, Computer & Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Kazemi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Vahidi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electrical, Computer & Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hosseinian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electrical, Computer & Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu LN, Chen D, He C. Metabolomics comparison of metabolites and functional pathways in the SH-SY5Y cell model of Parkinson's disease under PEMF exposure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26540. [PMID: 38404789 PMCID: PMC10884933 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective PEMF is an emerging technique in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) due to its potential improvement of movement speed. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic profiles of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) in an SH-SY5Y cell model of PD. Methods The SH-SY5Y cell model of PD was induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC‒MS)-based untargeted metabolomics was performed to examine changes in the PD cell model with or without PEMF exposure. We conducted KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to explore the potentially related pathways of the differentially expressed metabolites. Results A total of 275 metabolites were annotated, and 27 significantly different metabolites were found between the PEMF treatment and control groups (VIP >1, P < 0.05), mainly including 4 amino acids and peptides, 4 fatty acid esters, 2 glycerophosphoethanolamines, 2 ceramides and 2 monoradylglycerols; among them, 12 metabolites were upregulated, and 15 were downregulated. The increased expression levels of glutamine, adenosine monophosphate and taurine were highly associated with PEMF stimulation in the PD model. The enrichment results of differentially abundant metabolite functional pathways showed that biological processes such as the mTOR signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway were significantly affected. Conclusion PEMFs affected glutamine, adenosine monophosphate and taurine as well as their functional pathways in an in vitro model of PD. Further functional studies regarding the biological effect of these changes are required to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of PEMF treatment in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-na Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Deng Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Wai Nan Guo Xue Lane 37 #, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Eskandani R, Zibaii MI. Unveiling the biological effects of radio-frequency and extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields on the central nervous system performance. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2023; 14:30064. [PMID: 39104617 PMCID: PMC11298025 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2023.30064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) have emerged as noteworthy sources of environmental pollution in the contemporary era. The potential biological impacts of RF-EMR and ELF-EMF exposure on human organs, particularly the central nervous system (CNS), have garnered considerable attention in numerous research studies. Methods This article presents a comprehensive yet summarized review of the research on the explicit/implicit effects of RF-EMR and ELF-EMF exposure on CNS performance. Results Exposure to RF-EMR can potentially exert adverse effects on the performance of CNS by inducing changes in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), neurotransmitter levels, calcium channel regulation, myelin protein structure, the antioxidant defense system, and metabolic processes. However, it is noteworthy that certain reports have suggested that RF-EMR exposure may confer cognitive benefits for various conditions and disorders. ELF-EMF exposure has been associated with the enhancement of CNS performance, marked by improved memory retention, enhanced learning ability, and potential mitigation of neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, it is essential to acknowledge that ELF-EMF exposure has also been linked to the induction of anxiety states, oxidative stress, and alterations in hormonal regulation. Moreover, ELF-EMR exposure alters hippocampal function, notch signaling pathways, the antioxidant defense system, and synaptic activities. Conclusion The RF-EMR and ELF-EMF exposures exhibit both beneficial and adverse effects. Nevertheless, the precise conditions and circumstances under which detrimental or beneficial effects manifest (either individually or simultaneously) remain uncertain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Eskandani
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ismail Zibaii
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, Iran
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aydinbelge-Dizdar N, Akbulut A, Koca G, Yumusak N, Canseven Kursun AG, Billur D, Korkmaz M. Nasal mucociliary clearance after extremely low frequency by scintigraphic and histopathologic evaluation. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:2081-2089. [PMID: 36444894 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) on nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC) by rhinosintigrapic and histopathological evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were separated into three groups according to ELF-MFs intensity and control group. The exposure groups were standardized for the ELF-MFs of 1, 1.5, and 2 mT emitted by 3 Helmholtz coils for 4 h/day for 30 days. Rhinoscintigraphy was performed to measure nasal MCC. The nasal tissues were examined for edema, inflammation, hyperemia, necrosis, ciliary loss, goblet cell density, and fibroblast proliferation. The data were evaluated statistically (p < 0.05). RESULTS Nasal mucociliary clearance rates (NMCR) were calculated as 33.13 ± 5.91% in control, 27.78 ± 4.7% in 1 mT, 22.67 ± 5.43% in 1.5 mT, and 18.11 ± 6.33% in 2 mT. NMCR were decreased with increasing ELF-MFs, in 1.5 and 2 mT groups (p < 0.05) compared to control. Nasal mucociliary transport rate (NMTR) values were found to be 2.17 ± 0.33 mm/min in control, 1.82 ± 0.32 mm/min in 1 mT, 1.46 ± 0.34 mm/min in 1.5 mT and 1.24 ± 0.29 mm/min in 2 mT. NMTR was decreased in the groups exposed to 1.5 and 2 mT (p < 0.05) compared to control. The edema, hyperemia, inflammation, ciliary loss, and goblet cell density were statistically significant differences between control and groups exposed to 1.5 and 2 mT (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our rat model has shown nasal mucosa damage and decreased NMCR and NMTR by rhinoscintigraphy as ELF-MFs intensity increases. It may be detrimental to nasal mucosa mucociliary function depending on the ELF-MFs intensity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A Laryngoscope, 133:2081-2089, 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aydinbelge-Dizdar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylin Akbulut
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Koca
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nihat Yumusak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Harran, Sanlıurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Deniz Billur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meliha Korkmaz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Markus I, Ohayon E, Constantini K, Geva-Kleinberger K, Ibrahim R, Ruban A, Gepner Y. The Effect of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Inflammation and Performance-Related Indices in Trained Athletes: A Double-Blinded Crossover Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13463. [PMID: 37686264 PMCID: PMC10487818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous investigations have demonstrated the therapeutic advantages of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) in mitigating inflammation and influencing biological processes. We aimed to shed light on the effects of ELF-EMF on recovery rate following high-intensity exercise. Nine male athletes (26.7 ± 6.0 years; 69.6 ± 7.7 kg, VO2peak 57.3 ± 6.8 mL/kg/min) completed five visits in a double-blinded crossover design, performing two consecutive testing days, following a ventilatory thresholds assessment. Following 62 min of high-intensity cycling, participants lay on an ELF-EMF mattress under active (A) and non-active (NA) conditions, immediately post protocol and during the night. Physical performance and blood markers were assessed at baseline and at 60 min (60 P) and 24 h (24 H) post-protocol. The A-condition demonstrated a notable reduction in interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentrations (mean difference = -88%, p = 0.032) and maximal isometric strength of the quadriceps muscles (mean difference = ~8%, p = 0.045) compared to the NA-condition between 60 P and 24 H. In a sensitivity analysis, the A-condition revealed that younger athletes who possessed lower fat mass experienced attenuated inflammation and biochemical responses and improved physical performance. In conclusion, ELF-EMF showed no significant overall effects on performance and inflammation after intense cycling among athletes. Post-hoc analysis revealed modest benefits of ELF-MLF, suggesting a context-dependent impact. Further research with a larger sample size and multiple sessions is needed to confirm the recovery potential of ELF-EMF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irit Markus
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.); (K.G.-K.)
| | - Evyatar Ohayon
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (E.O.); (K.C.)
| | - Keren Constantini
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (E.O.); (K.C.)
| | - Keren Geva-Kleinberger
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.); (K.G.-K.)
| | - Rawan Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Angela Ruban
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yftach Gepner
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.); (K.G.-K.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shoorche AB, Mohammadkarim A, Jadidi M, Bahraminasab M, Bagheri H, Gholami S. Human osteosarcoma cells in response to ELF-MF: Morphological remodeling compared to cell proliferation. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1311-1315. [PMID: 37787300 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1848_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to assess the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-MF) on structural changes of human osteosarcoma cells by analyzing the stained cytoskeleton for assessing the relationship between the fractal dimension parameter and proliferation rate of radiation-induced cells. Materials and Methods In this study, 2-mT magnetic fields with various waveforms, including sinusoidal, triangular, and pulsed shapes, were employed to determine the biological effects of ELF-EMF on the human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line. All experiments were performed in two modes: continuous exposure at 3 h and fractionated irradiations at 3 consecutive days. Afterward, the proliferation assay was implemented for assessing the cell proliferation in each group. Moreover, immunofluorescence staining and confocal imaging were performed to determine the cell shape index. Furthermore, fractal dimension analysis was carried out by processing morphological images. Results The proliferation and shape index parameters of radiation-induced osteosarcomas significantly decreased compared with non-irradiated cells. In addition, fractal dimensions significantly increased following fractionated exposure at 3 consecutive days. Conclusions Assessing the fractal dimensions can be considered as a new morphological index for the prognosis of the structural remodeling of human osteosarcoma cells in response to fractionated irradiation of ELF-MF. In addition, various waveforms induce a similar effect on morphological remodeling and cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Barati Shoorche
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohammadkarim
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Majid Jadidi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Marjan Bahraminasab
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences; Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Gholami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moslemi S, Ghotbi Ravandi MR, Zare S, Tohidi Nik H. Measuring and assessing the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on blood parameters and liver enzymes of personnel working in high voltage power stations in a petrochemical industry. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15414. [PMID: 37151699 PMCID: PMC10161571 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Exposure to electric and magnetic fields (EMF) is a phenomenon that has always been present. In the last two decades, there have been numerous worries about the possible effects of extremely low-frequency (ELF) fields on human health. Consequently, this study aims to measure and evaluate the effect of ELF fields on blood parameters and liver enzymes of personnel working in high-voltage power stations in the petrochemical industry. Methods This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was done in a petrochemical industry in southern Iran in 2021. Two groups of 50 people were selected to attain the research goals and classify jobs with the risk of exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) and the time spent on work. One group was exposed to ELF-EMF, and the other was regarded as the control group. Electromagnetic fields were measured using the HI-3604 device and the standard method of IEEE 1994-644. The workers' demographic data, blood parameters, and liver enzymes were also obtained from the workers' medical records. The course of changes in each of the blood parameters and liver enzymes and demographic variables in the control and case groups were then examined. In the last stage, the effect of the electric field and magnetic field on the blood parameters and liver enzymes of the two control and subject groups was conducted using the multiple regression model. Results The measured points in all stations are 200, and the minimum and maximum values of the magnetic field was 0.8 and 2019 mG, respectively. The minimum and maximum values of the electric field intensity was 0.003 and 215 V/m, respectively. The average results of the demographic variables and blood and liver indices in the control and case groups from 2018 to 2020 revealed that the average variables were not significantly different in the case and control groups (p-value>0.05). Moreover, workers' exposure to ELF-EMF was below the permissible limit. Conclusion Based on the results of the present study, ELF-EMF does not have any significant effects on demographic factors, blood parameters, and liver enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soode Moslemi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ghotbi Ravandi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering and Safety at Work, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sajad Zare
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering and Safety at Work, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Corresponding author. Department of Occupational Health Engineering and Safety at Work, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Tohidi Nik
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nguyen H, Segers S, Ledent M, Anthonissen R, Verschaeve L, Hinsenkamp M, Collard JF, Feipel V, Mertens B. Effects of long-term exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields on cell viability, genetic damage, and sensitivity to mutagen-induced damage. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14097. [PMID: 36923833 PMCID: PMC10008985 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Until today, it remains controversial whether long-term exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) below the legislative exposure limits could result in adverse human health effects. In the present study, the effects of long-term in vitro MF exposure on three different study endpoints (cell viability, genetic damage, and sensitivity to damage induced by known mutagens) were investigated in the human B lymphoblastoid (TK6) cell line. Cells were exposed to 50 Hz MF at three selected magnetic flux densities (i.e., 10, 100, and 500 μT) for different exposure periods ranging from 96h up to 6 weeks. Cell viability following MF exposure was assessed using the ATP-based cell viability assay. Effects of MF exposure on cell genetic damage and cell sensitivity to mutagen-induced damage were evaluated using the in vitro alkaline comet assay and the in vitro cytokinesis block micronucleus assay. The results showed that long-term exposure up to 96h to 50 Hz MF at all tested flux densities could significantly increase TK6 cell viability. In contrast, long-term MF exposure did not affect cell genetic damage, and long-term pre-exposure to MF did not change cell sensitivity to damage induced by known mutagens. At certain time points, statistically significant difference in genotoxicity test results were observed between the MF-exposed cells and the control cells. However, these observations could not be confirmed in the repeat experiments, indicating that they are probably not biologically significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha Nguyen
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Seppe Segers
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Maryse Ledent
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Roel Anthonissen
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Luc Verschaeve
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Maurice Hinsenkamp
- Faculty of Medicine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Veronique Feipel
- Faculty of Medicine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Birgit Mertens
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abkhezr H, Mohaddes G, Nikniaz Z, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Heydari H, Nikniaz L. The effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on spatial memory of mice and rats: A systematic review. LEARNING AND MOTIVATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lmot.2023.101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
|
12
|
Kashani ZA, Pakzad R, Fakari FR, Haghparast MS, Abdi F, Kiani Z, Talebi A, Haghgoo SM. Electromagnetic fields exposure on fetal and childhood abnormalities: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230697. [PMID: 37197358 PMCID: PMC10183723 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, in the modern world, people are often exposed to electromagnetic waves, which can have undesirable effects on cell components that lead to differentiation and abnormalities in cell proliferation, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, chromosomal abnormalities, cancers, and birth defects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of electromagnetic waves on fetal and childhood abnormalities. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched on 1 January 2023. The Cochran's Q-test and I 2 statistics were applied to assess heterogeneity, a random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR), standardized mean difference (SMD), and mean difference for different outcomes, and a meta-regression method was utilized to investigate the factors affecting heterogeneity between studies. A total of 14 studies were included in the analysis, and the outcomes investigated were: change in gene expression, oxidant parameters, antioxidant parameters, and DNA damage parameters in the umbilical cord blood of the fetus and fetal developmental disorders, cancers, and childhood development disorders. Totally, the events of fetal and childhood abnormalities were more common in parents who have been exposed to EMFs compared to those who have not (SMD and 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25 [0.15-0.35]; I 2, 91%). Moreover, fetal developmental disorders (OR, 1.34; CI, 1.17-1.52; I 2, 0%); cancer (OR, 1.14; CI, 1.05-1.23; I 2, 60.1%); childhood development disorders (OR, 2.10; CI, 1.00-3.21; I 2, 0%); changes in gene expression (mean difference [MD], 1.02; CI, 0.67-1.37; I 2, 93%); oxidant parameters (MD, 0.94; CI, 0.70-1.18; I 2, 61.3%); and DNA damage parameters (MD, 1.01; CI, 0.17-1.86; I 2, 91.6%) in parents who have been exposed to EMFs were more than those in parents who have not. According to meta-regression, publication year has a significant effect on heterogeneity (coefficient: 0.033; 0.009-0.057). Maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, due to the high level of stem cells and their high sensitivity to this radiation, the biochemical parameters of the umbilical cord blood examined was shown increased oxidative stress reactions, changes in protein gene expression, DNA damage, and increased embryonic abnormalities. In addition, parental exposure to ionizing and non-ionizing radiation can lead to the enhancement of different cell-based cancers and developmental disorders such as speech problems in childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Atarodi Kashani
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Reza Pakzad
- Students Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Abdi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zohreh Kiani
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Ahvas, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Talebi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Isaković J, Šerer K, Barišić B, Mitrečić D. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for neurological disorders: The light or the dark side of the force? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1139359. [PMID: 36926687 PMCID: PMC10011535 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1139359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are recognized as major causes of death and disability worldwide. Because of this, they represent one of the largest public health challenges. With awareness of the massive burden associated with these disorders, came the recognition that treatment options were disproportionately scarce and, oftentimes, ineffective. To address these problems, modern research is increasingly looking into novel, more effective methods to treat neurological patients; one of which is cell-based therapies. In this review, we present a critical analysis of the features, challenges, and prospects of one of the stem cell types that can be employed to treat numerous neurological disorders-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Despite the fact that several studies have already established the safety of MSC-based treatment approaches, there are still some reservations within the field regarding their immunocompatibility, heterogeneity, stemness stability, and a range of adverse effects-one of which is their tumor-promoting ability. We additionally examine MSCs' mechanisms of action with respect to in vitro and in vivo research as well as detail the findings of past and ongoing clinical trials for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, glioblastoma multiforme, and multiple sclerosis. Finally, this review discusses prospects for MSC-based therapeutics in the form of biomaterials, as well as the use of electromagnetic fields to enhance MSCs' proliferation and differentiation into neuronal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Isaković
- Omnion Research International, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Klara Šerer
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Barišić
- University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dinko Mitrečić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wyszkowska J, Pritchard C. Open Questions on the Electromagnetic Field Contribution to the Risk of Neurodegenerative Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16150. [PMID: 36498223 PMCID: PMC9738318 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the current state of knowledge about the possible contributory influence of the electromagnetic field on the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. Up-to-date literature indicates both favourable and adverse effects of electromagnetic exposure on human health, making it difficult to come to valid and unambiguous conclusions. The epidemiological data analysis from the World Health Organization statistics shows a substantial rise in neurological mortality compared with rises in total populations in developed countries over a mere 15-year period. The largest of the analysed countries produced odds ratios of >100%. The contribution of electromagnetic exposure to the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is still undoubtedly open to discussion, and it requires further in-depth research to assess the action mechanism of electromagnetic fields in neurodegenerative diseases. The limitations of research published hitherto and the problem of drawing unequivocal conclusions are also in focus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Wyszkowska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Colin Pritchard
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth Gateway, 106 St. Pauls Rd, Bournemouth BH88AJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Improved osteogenic differentiation by extremely low electromagnetic field exposure: possible application for bone engineering. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 158:369-381. [PMID: 35751679 PMCID: PMC9512759 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (hPDLSCs) are a promising cell type model for regenerative medicine applications due to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and non-tumorigenic potentials. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) are reported to affect biological properties such as cell proliferation and differentiation and modulate gene expression profile. In this study, we investigated the effects of an intermittent ELF-EMF exposure (6 h/day) for the standard differentiation period (28 days) and for 10 days in hPDLSCs in the presence or not of osteogenic differentiation medium (OM). We evaluated cell proliferation, de novo calcium deposition and osteogenic differentiation marker expression in sham and ELF-EMF-exposed cells. After ELF-EMF exposure, compared with sham-exposed, an increase in cell proliferation rate (p < 0.001) and de novo calcium deposition (p < 0.001) was observed after 10 days of exposure. Real-time PCR and Western blot results showed that COL1A1 and RUNX-2 gene expression and COL1A1, RUNX-2 and OPN protein expression were upregulated respectively in the cells exposed to ELF-EMF exposure along with or without OM for 10 days. Altogether, these results suggested that the promotion of osteogenic differentiation is more efficient in ELF-EMF-exposed hPDLSCs. Moreover, our analyses indicated that there is an early induction of hPDLSC differentiation after ELF-EMF application.
Collapse
|
16
|
Hamid HA, Sarmadi VH, Prasad V, Ramasamy R, Miskon A. Electromagnetic field exposure as a plausible approach to enhance the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in clinically relevant scenarios. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:42-57. [PMID: 35029087 PMCID: PMC8758935 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has been regarded as one of the most revolutionary breakthroughs in the history of modern medicine owing to its myriad of immunoregulatory and regenerative properties. With the rapid progress in the fields of osteo- and musculoskeletal therapies, the demand for MSC-based treatment modalities is becoming increasingly prominent. In this endeavor, researchers around the world have devised new and innovative techniques to support the proliferation of MSCs while minimizing the loss of hallmark features of stem cells. One such example is electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure, which is an alternative approach with promising potential. In this review, we present a critical discourse on the efficiency, practicability, and limitations of some of the relevant methods, with insurmountable evidence backing the implementation of EMF as a feasible strategy for the clinically relevant expansion of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haslinda Abdul Hamid
- Bio-artificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Vahid Hosseinpour Sarmadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 144961 4535, Iran.,Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 199671 4353, Iran
| | - Vivek Prasad
- Stem Cell and Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rajesh Ramasamy
- Stem Cell and Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Azizi Miskon
- Bio-artificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kazemi M, Aliyari H, Tekieh E, Tavakoli H, Golabi S, Sahraei H, Meftahi GH, Salehi M, Saberi M. The Effect of 12 Hz Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Field on Visual Memory of Male Macaque Monkeys. Basic Clin Neurosci 2022; 13:1-14. [PMID: 36589014 PMCID: PMC9790106 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2021.724.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Today, humans live in a world surrounded by electromagnetic fields. Numerous studies have been conducted to discover the biological, physiological, and behavioral effects of electromagnetic fields on humans and animals. Given the biological similarities between monkeys and humans, The present research aimed to examine Visual Memory (VM), hormonal, genomic, and anatomic changes, in the male rhesus macaques exposed to an Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field (ELF-MF). Methods Four male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were used. For the behavioral tests, the animals should be fasting for 17 hours. For the tests such as visual memory, the animal's cooperation was necessary. Using the radiation protocol, we exposed two monkeys to a 12-Hz electromagnetic field with a magnitude of 0.7 μT (electromagnetic radiation) four hours a day for a month. Before and after the exposure, a visual memory test was conducted using a coated device (visible reward) on a movable stand. Ten milliliters of blood was obtained from the femoral artery of each monkey, and half of it was used to examine cortisol serum levels using the MyBioSource kit (made in the USA). The other half of the blood was used to extract lymphocytes for assaying expressions of Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) genes before and after radiation using the PCR method. Anatomic studies of the amygdala were carried out based on pre- and post-radiation Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Results Research results indicated that visual memory in male primates increased significantly after exposure to the 12-Hz frequency. Hormonal analysis at the 12-Hz frequency showed a decrease in cortisol serum levels. However, visual memory and serum cortisol levels did not change considerably in male primates in the control group. There was no considerable amygdala volumetric difference after exposure to the 12-Hz frequency. The expression of the GR genes decreased in the 12-Hz group compared to the control group. Conclusion In short, these results indicated that ELF might benefit memory enhancement because exposure to the 12-HZ ELF can enhance visual memory. This outcome may be due to a decrease in plasma cortisol and or expression of GR genes. Moreover, direct amygdala involvement in this regard cannot be recommended. Highlights The effects of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (ELF-EMF) of 12 Hz on monkeys were studied.The results showed a reduction in the serum cortisol levels and the expression of GR genes.The amygdala anatomical area changes were not significant in the experimental group.In the experimental group, visual memory (delay of 30- and 60-s evaluation) improved after exposure to a frequency of 12 Hz. Plain Language Summary Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields are among the most important factors affecting humans. This study aimed to determine the fields of 12-Hz frequency on the visual memory changes of male monkeys. The importance of research is due to the cognitive similarity of monkeys to humans. The findings of the research can be attributed to humans. Behavioral, hormonal, genetic, and anatomical studies indicated improvement in visual memory (test monkeys versus control monkeys). This study demonstrates the effect of the 12-Hz frequency on the monkey's visual memory. Researchers can study 12-Hz frequency in other cognitive indices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Kazemi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Aliyari
- Center for Human-Engaged Computing, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi, Japan
| | - Elaheh Tekieh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Tavakoli
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Golabi
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Hedayat Sahraei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Salehi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Saberi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Omer H. Radiobiological effects and medical applications of non-ionizing radiation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5585-5592. [PMID: 34588869 PMCID: PMC8459055 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation is used in medicine to diagnose and treat diseases but it can also cause harm to the body by burning or mutation. This depends on whether the radiation is ionizing or nonionizing. Despite its vast applications in surgery, dermatology and cosmetics, little is taught and thus known about non-ionizing radiation. This review article discusses the fundamentals of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiations. The main aim is to extensively explain the different types of non-ionizing radiation. This will equip students and medical personnel with knowledge on different medical applications and expose them to a variety of specializations in medicine that utilize non-ionizing radiation. The article discusses the physics, hazard, means of protection and medical application of each type of radiation: ultraviolet radiation, light (both visible light and LASER), infrared radiation, microwaves and extremely low frequency radiation separately. It presents these terms in a simple manner that avoids rigors mathematics and physics, which makes them comprehensible for medical students. The development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches could also lead to increased hazards to the body unless they are treated with precaution. If not adequately monitored, a significant health risk may be posed to potentially exposed employees. Hence proper dosage should be used for non-ionizing radiation. This is only possible through understanding of the risks/benefits of these radiations by studying the physics and radiobiological effects of each individual radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Omer
- Department of Basic Sciences Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
DNMT1 and miRNAs: possible epigenetics footprints in electromagnetic fields utilization in oncology. Med Oncol 2021; 38:125. [PMID: 34495398 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many studies were performed to unravel the effects of different types of Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on biological systems. Some studies were conducted to exploit EMFs for medical purposes mainly in cancer therapy. Although many studies suggest that the EMFs exposures can be effective in pre-clinical cancer issues, the treatment outcomes of these exposures on the cancer cells, especially at the molecular level, are challenging and overwhelmingly complicated yet. This article aims to review the epigenetic mechanisms that can be altered by EMFs exposures with the main emphasis on Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF). The epigenetic mechanisms are reversible and affected by environmental factors, thus, EMFs exposures can modulate these mechanisms. According to the reports, ELF-EMF exposures affect epigenetic machinery directly or through the molecular signaling pathways. ELF-EMF in association with DNA methylation, histone modification, miRNAs, and nucleosome remodeling could affect the homeostasis of cancer cells and play a role in DNA damage repairing, apoptosis induction, prevention of metastasis, differentiation, and cell cycle regulation. In general, the result of this study shows that ELF-EMF exposure probably can be effective in cancer epigenetic therapy, but more molecular and clinical investigations are needed to clarify the safe and specific dosimetric characteristics of ELF-EMF in practice.
Collapse
|
20
|
Increasing Odontoblast-like Differentiation from Dental Pulp Stem Cells through Increase of β-Catenin/p-GSK-3β Expression by Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081049. [PMID: 34440255 PMCID: PMC8392719 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Odontoblasts produce proteins that form the dentinal extracellular matrix, which can protect the dental pulp from external stimuli and is required for tooth regeneration. This study showed that a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) can regulate cell metabolism and induce cell differentiation. This study determined the frequency of PEMF that is effective for odontoblast differentiation. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were cultured in odontoblast differentiation medium containing dexamethasone, BMP2, TGF-β1, and FGF-2, and then exposed to 10 mT intensity of PEMF at 40, 60, 70, and 150 Hz for 15 min/day. The MTT assay, LDH assay, flow cytometry, protein and gene expression, and immunofluorescence were performed to check if hDPSCs differentiated into odontoblast-like cells. The hDPSCs showed frequency-dependent differences in protein and gene expression. The mesenchymal stem cell markers were reduced to a greater extent at 60 and 70 Hz than at other frequencies, and odontoblast-related markers, particularly β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, and p-p38, were increased at 60 and 70 Hz. Exposure to 10 mT intensity of PEMF at 70 Hz influenced the differentiation of hDPSCs considerably. Taken together, PEMF treatment can promote differentiation of hDPSCs into odontoblast-like cells by increasing p-GSK-3β and β-catenin expression.
Collapse
|
21
|
Martiñón-Gutiérrez G, Luna-Castro M, Hernández-Muñoz R. Role of insulin/glucagon ratio and cell redox state in the hyperglycaemia induced by exposure to a 60-Hz magnetic field in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11666. [PMID: 34083675 PMCID: PMC8175349 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) could adversely affect the endocrine system and cellular proliferative response. Nonetheless, the use of 60-Hz EMFs in the form of magneto-therapy exerts beneficial actions on human health but can also induce hyperglycaemia. Therefore, the present study was aimed to search for metabolic responses of fed or fasted male rats to a single EMF exposure. We performed a 15 min-single exposure to 60-Hz (3.8 mT, intensity) EMF, and determined serum levels of glucose, lipids, and indicators of cellular redox state and energy parameters. A single exposure to a 60-Hz EMF induced hyperglycaemia in both animal groups, and an attenuated second serum insulin peak. The 60-Hz EMF also decreased free fatty acids and lactate serum levels, oppositely increasing pyruvate and acetoacetate levels. Significant increases in blood glucose level and rat’s glucose metabolism were related to a more oxidized cellular redox state and variations in insulin and glucagon secretion. The 60-Hz EMF’s effects were not modified in animals previously subjected to chronic EMFs exposure (14 days). In conclusion, increased serum glucose levels and glucose metabolism induced by a single 60-Hz EMF exposure were closely related to the cellular redox state and the insulin/glucagon ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Martiñón-Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Institute of Cellular Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ave. Universidad # 3000, Apdo. Postal 70-243, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Luna-Castro
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Institute of Cellular Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ave. Universidad # 3000, Apdo. Postal 70-243, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rolando Hernández-Muñoz
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Institute of Cellular Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ave. Universidad # 3000, Apdo. Postal 70-243, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Oladnabi M, Mishan MA, Rezaeikanavi M, Zargari M, Sadeghi RN, Bagheri A. Correlation between ELF-PEMF exposure and Human RPE Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis and Gene Expression. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2021; 16:202-211. [PMID: 34055258 PMCID: PMC8126745 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v16i2.9084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Emerging evidence implies that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can negatively affect angiogenesis. In this regard, the effects of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) exposure on the relative expression level of angiogenic factors involved in the pathogenesis of ocular disorders were evaluated in human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells in order to investigate a noninvasive therapeutic method for patients with several ocular diseases associated with neovascularization. Methods After separating hRPE cells from globes, hRPE cells were exposed to 15 mT of ELF-PEMF (120 Hz) at 5, 10, and 15 min for seven days. Cell proliferation and apoptosis of treated cells were evaluated via ELISA assay. Moreover, relative expression changes of HIF-1α, CTGF, VEGFA, MMP-2, cathepsin D, and E2F3 were performed using real-time RT-PCR. Results ELF-PEMF exposure had no significant effects on the apoptosis and proliferation rate of hRPE cells. Expression level of HIF-1α, CTGF, VEGFA, MMP-2, cathepsin D, and E2F3 was downregulated following 5 min of ELF-PEMF exposure. Conclusion As ELF-PEMF showed inhibitory effects on the expression of angiogenic genes in hRPE cells with no cytotoxic or proliferative side effects, it can be introduced as a useful procedure for managing angiogenesis induced by retinal pathogenesis, although more studies with adequate follow-up in animal models are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Oladnabi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Both authors contributed equally to the manuscript
| | - Mohammad Amir Mishan
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Both authors contributed equally to the manuscript
| | - Mozhgan Rezaeikanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehryar Zargari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rouhallah Najjar Sadeghi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sağir D, Okur Z. Effects of cellular phone electromagnetic field exposure on the hippocampi of rats in childhood and adolescence. NEUROL SCI NEUROPHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/nsn.nsn_206_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
24
|
Lekovic MH, Drekovic NE, Granica ND, Mahmutovic EH, Djordjevic NZ. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field induces a change in proliferative capacity and redox homeostasis of human lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:39466-39473. [PMID: 32651790 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) by modulating oxidative-antioxidative balance in the cells achieved beneficial and harmful effects on living organisms. The aim of this study was to research changes of both proliferative capacity and redox homeostasis of human lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5 during exposure to ELF-EMF (50 Hz). The human lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5 were exposed to ELF-EMF once a day in duration of 1 h during 24 h (1 treatment 1 h/day), 48 h (2 treatments 1 h/day), 72 h (3 treatments 1 h/day), and 7 days (7 treatments 1 h/day). After 24 h of the last treatment, the proliferative capacity of the cells and the concentrations and activities of the components of the oxidative/antioxidative system were determined: superoxide anion (O2.-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), peroxynitrite (ONOO-), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The results of this study show that ELF-EMF may affect a cell cycle regulation of human lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5 through modulation of oxidative/antioxidative defense system. The effects of ELF-EMF on proliferation and redox balance of human lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5 depend on exposure time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maida H Lekovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadzica bb, Novi Pazar, 36300, Serbia
| | - Nerkesa E Drekovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadzica bb, Novi Pazar, 36300, Serbia
| | - Nihat Dz Granica
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadzica bb, Novi Pazar, 36300, Serbia
| | - Elvis H Mahmutovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadzica bb, Novi Pazar, 36300, Serbia
| | - Natasa Z Djordjevic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadzica bb, Novi Pazar, 36300, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lola Costa EV, Silva Araújo VFD, Pereira Santos AP, de Albuquerque Nogueira R. Morphometric evaluation of Japanese quail embryos and their extraembryonic vascular networks exposed to low-frequency magnetic field with two different intensities. Electromagn Biol Med 2020; 39:403-410. [PMID: 32954862 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1821708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Animals developed or in an embryonic stage, are constantly subjected to magnetic pollution generated by electrical and electronic devices. Several researches have used the bird embryo as an experimental model to evaluate the action of magnetic field (MF) and electromagnetic field (EMF). This study proposed to perform a morphometric evaluation in the embryos and in the blood vascular network of the yolk sac membranes (YSM) of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) exposed to the 60 Hz MF with two different intensities (0.16 and 0.65 mT). A total of 30 eggs were used, 10 eggs were used for each assay. Each assay formed a group (control group, group submitted to the MF of 0.16 mT and 0.65 mT). The images of the skeletonized vascular network of YSM were evaluated by two methods of fractal dimension: box-counting dimension (Dbc) and information dimension (Dinf). The embryos were evaluated by body mass, percentage cephalic length and body area. The fractal dimensions revealed no difference among groups. There were no significant differences in relation to embryonic body mass among groups. However, the embryos exposed to 0.65 mT MF presented a smaller embryonic body development (body area and percentage cephalic length). In conclusion, 0.16 mT and 0.65 mT magnetic fields were not able to generate significant effects on vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. However, the embryos exposed to 6 h of magnetic field with 0.65 mT intensity and 60 Hz frequency showed a decrease in embryonic body development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edbhergue Ventura Lola Costa
- Laboratory of Theoretical-Experimental and Computational Biophysics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) , Recife, Brazil
| | - Victor Felipe da Silva Araújo
- Laboratory of Theoretical-Experimental and Computational Biophysics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) , Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Romildo de Albuquerque Nogueira
- Laboratory of Theoretical-Experimental and Computational Biophysics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) , Recife, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nguyen H, Ledent M, Beauvois V, Anthonissen R, Verschaeve L, Collard JF, Hinsenkamp M, Feipel V, Mertens B. In vitro 50 Hz magnetic field long-term exposure: Cytogenetic tests on human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells and validation of the test environment. MethodsX 2020; 7:101071. [PMID: 33088726 PMCID: PMC7558212 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.101071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential health effects of extremely low-frequency (electro)magnetic fields (ELF-(E)MFs) have long been investigated, but the results are still inconclusive. With respect to genotoxicity, sound data related to the effects of long-term exposure to ELF-(E)MFs on the genetic material and the impact of long-term pre-exposure to ELF-(E)MFs on the sensitivity of cells to the damage induced by known mutagens are needed. In this manuscript, an optimized protocol for a combined in vitro comet/micronucleus study to investigate these effects in a human lymphoblastoid cell line (TK6) is provided including the description of a well-validated exposure system. Furthermore, the use of a shielding system to limit background ELF-MFs inside the incubator is described as well.•Optimized protocols for cytogenetic tests with ELF-MFs on TK6 cells ensure the reproducibility of test results.•Validation of exposure environment and exposure system are needed prior to performing tests with ELF-MFs.•A simple, but effective method to shield cells and reduce unintentional ELF-MF exposure consists of using the mu-metal cylinder. This is of particular interest when studying the effects of low exposure levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha Nguyen
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Belgium
- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Maryse Ledent
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Belgium
| | | | - Roel Anthonissen
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Belgium
| | - Luc Verschaeve
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Birgit Mertens
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bagheri Hosseinabadi M, Khanjani N, Norouzi P, Faghihi-Zarandi A, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Khoramrooz SS, Mirbadie SR, Mirzaii M. The Effects of Antioxidant Vitamins on Proinflammatory Cytokines and Some Biochemical Parameters of Power Plant Workers: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Bioelectromagnetics 2020; 42:18-26. [PMID: 32931612 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Some epidemiological studies have suggested that exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) can affect the immune system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of antioxidant vitamin consumption on proinflammatory cytokines and biochemical parameters changes. In this randomized, controlled double-blinded trial study, power plant workers exposed to ELF-MFs were enrolled based on inclusion criteria. Ninety-one eligible subjects were randomly divided into four groups: the first group (400 units of vitamin E/day), second group (1,000 mg of vitamin C/day), third group (400 units of vitamin E and 1,000 mg of vitamin C/day), and control group. The intervention was conducted for 3 months. Proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and biochemical parameters (fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c], total protein, and albumin) were measured among the participants' serums, before and after the intervention. The mean level of IL-6 in all vitamin-receiving groups, the mean level of IL-1β in vitamin C and E&C groups, and the mean level of TNF-α in the vitamin C group, decreased significantly after intervention. The arithmetic means of the effect sizes for IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were 0.71, 0.57, and 0.2, respectively. The level of HDL-c in the vitamin E and vitamin E&C groups and the level of triglyceride in the vitamin C group significantly increased after the intervention. Taking antioxidant vitamins can prevent an increase of proinflammatory cytokines induced by prolonged exposure to ELF-MFs. Bioelectromagnetics. 2021;42:18-26. © 2020 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Pirasteh Norouzi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ali Faghihi-Zarandi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Modelling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mehdi Mirzaii
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bagheri Hosseinabadi M, Khanjani N, Norouzi P, Mirbadie SR, Fazli M, Mirzaii M. Oxidative stress associated with long term occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields. Work 2020; 68:379-386. [PMID: 32925155 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) may have harmful effects on biologic systems and has raised many concerns in the last decades. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of exposure to extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities. METHODS This study was conducted on 115 power plant workers as the exposed group and 145 office workers as the non-exposed group. The levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (Cat), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured in the serum of all subjects. Exposure to ELF-EMFs was measured based on spot measurements and the IEEE Std C95.3.1 standard. RESULTS The levels of MDA, SOD, and Cat in the exposed group were significantly higher than in the non-exposed group. However, the level of TAC was not significantly different between the exposed (2.45±1.02) and non-exposed (2.21±1.07) groups. The levels of MDA and SOD were higher among workers with higher exposure to electric fields than workers with low exposure. All oxidative stress indicators increased with increased exposure to magnetic fields, except TAC. CONCLUSIONS The antioxidant system imbalance among power plant workers may be related to long term occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Pirasteh Norouzi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Mozhgan Fazli
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaii
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ashta A, Motalleb G, Ahmadi-Zeidabadi M. Evaluation of frequency magnetic field, static field, and Temozolomide on viability, free radical production and gene expression (p53) in the human glioblastoma cell line (A172). Electromagn Biol Med 2020; 39:298-309. [PMID: 32666844 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1793171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen million cancer deaths and 21.7 million new cancer cases are expected in the world by 2030. Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system which is the most lethal type of primary brain tumor in adults with the survival time of 12-15 months after the initial diagnosis. Glioblastoma is the most common and most malignant type of brain tumor, and despite surgery, chemotherapy and radiation treatment, the average survival of patients is about 14 months. The current research showed that the frequency magnetic field (FMF) and static magnetic field (SMF) can influence cancer cell proliferation and coupled with anticancer drugs may provide a new strategy for cancer therapy. At the present study, we investigated the effects of FMF (10 Hz, 50 G), SMF (50 G) and Temozolomide (200 μm) on viability, free radical production, and p53 followed by p53 protein expression in the human glioblastoma cell line (A172) by MTT, NBT, RT-PCR and Western blot. Results showed that the effect of Temozolomide (TMZ) with SMF and FMF together increased the cytotoxicity, free radical production, and p53 followed by p53 protein expression in the human glioblastoma cell line (A172).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ashta
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol , Zabol, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Motalleb
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol , Zabol, Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi-Zeidabadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Karimi A, Ghadiri Moghaddam F, Valipour M. Insights in the biology of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields exposure on human health. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5621-5633. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05563-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
31
|
Marynchenko L, Nizhelska A, Shirinyan A, Makara V. Prospects of Using Biological Test-Systems for Evaluation of Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. INNOVATIVE BIOSYSTEMS AND BIOENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.20535/ibb.2019.3.2.169259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
32
|
Zheng Y, Ma XX, Dong L, Gao Y, Tian L. Effects of single- and hybrid-frequency extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field stimulations on long-term potentiation in the hippocampal Schaffer collateral pathway. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1319-1325. [PMID: 31140893 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1625463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To study the different effects of single- and hybrid-frequency magnetic fields on long-term potentiation (LTP) in synaptic plasticity. Materials and methods: Based on the online electromagnetic field stimulation system and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) recording system, we applied four different single- and hybrid-frequency magnetic fields with an intensity of 1 mT to the Schaffer collateral (CA1) pathway of rat hippocampal slices in vitro. Results: The amplitude of fEPSPs decreased significantly under both single- and hybrid-frequency magnetic stimulation. Lower single-frequency magnetic stimulation on LTP had a greater regulating effect, while the regulating effect among four different hybrid-frequency extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) stimulations on LTP showed no significant differences. Conclusion: Single-frequency magnetic stimulation produces more significant regulatory effects, and the lower the frequency, the more significant the regulatory effect. The effect of hybrid-frequency magnetic stimulation in each group was similar, and there was no significant difference between each group. The 15-Hz single-frequency magnetic stimulation group showed the most significant regulatory effect, but once it was mixed with other higher frequency magnetic stimulation, its regulation effect was significantly weakened.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xiao-Xu Ma
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin , China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
| | - Yang Gao
- The School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Lei Tian
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin , China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Costantini E, Sinjari B, D'Angelo C, Murmura G, Reale M, Caputi S. Human Gingival Fibroblasts Exposed to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields: In Vitro Model of Wound-Healing Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092108. [PMID: 31035654 PMCID: PMC6540598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several clinical studies have suggested the impact of sinusoidal and pulsed electromagnetic fields in quickening wound repair processes and tissue regeneration. The clinical use of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields could represent a novel frontier in tissue repair and oral health, with an interesting clinical perspective. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an extremely low-frequency sinusoidal electromagnetic field (SEMF) and an extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) with flux densities of 1 mT on a model of oral healing process using gingival fibroblasts. An in vitro mechanical injury was produced to evaluate wound healing, migration, viability, metabolism, and the expression of selected cytokines and protease genes in fibroblasts exposed to or not exposed to the SEMF and the PEMF. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β), metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) are involved in wound healing and tissue regeneration, favoring fibroblast proliferation, chemotaxis, and activation. Our results show that the exposure to each type of electromagnetic field increases the early expression of IL-6, TGF-β, and iNOS, driving a shift from an inflammatory to a proliferative phase of wound repair. Additionally, a later induction of MMP-2, MCP-1, and HO-1 was observed after electromagnetic field exposure, which quickened the wound-healing process. Moreover, electromagnetic field exposure influenced the proliferation, migration, and metabolism of human gingival fibroblasts compared to sham-exposed cells. This study suggests that exposure to SEMF and PEMF could be an interesting new non-invasive treatment option for wound healing. However, additional studies are needed to elucidate the best exposure conditions to provide the desired in vivo treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Costantini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Bruna Sinjari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Chiara D'Angelo
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Murmura
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Marcella Reale
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Sergio Caputi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sun Y, Huang X, Wang Y, Shi Z, Liao Y, Cai P. Lipidomic alteration and stress-defense mechanism of soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in response to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 170:611-619. [PMID: 30579161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To assess the impacts of man-made extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on soil ecosystems, the soil nematode was applied as a biological indicator to characterize ecotoxicity of ELF-EMF. In this paper, a soil-living model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was exposed to 50 Hz, 3 mT ELF-EMF. The integrated lipidome, proteome and transcriptome analysis were applied to elucidate physiological acclimations. Lipidomic analysis showed that ELF-EMF exposure induced significant alterations of 64 lipids, including significant elevation of triacylglycerols (TGs). Proteome results implied 157 changed protein expressions under ELF-EMF exposure. By transcriptomic analysis, 456 differently expressed genes were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) function and pathway analyses showed lipidomic alteration, mitochondrial dysfunction and the stress defense responses following ELF-EMF exposure in C. elegans. Conjoint analysis of proteome and transcriptome data showed that a higher expression of genes (sip-1, mtl-1 and rpl-11.1, etc.) were involved in stress defense responses to ELF-EMF exposure. These results indicated that ELF-EMF can induce effects on soil nematodes, mainly through disturbing lipid metabolism such as increasing TGs content, and eliciting stress defense responses. This study provided a new understanding in ELF-EMF exposure effects on soil nematodes and suggested a potential way of interpreting ELF-EMF influences on soil ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Sun
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Huang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Yahong Wang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Environmental Bioelectrochemistry Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yanyan Liao
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Peng Cai
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, PR China; Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nasrabadi N, Soheili ZS, Bagheri A, Ahmadieh H, Amizadeh Y, Sahebjam F, Tabeie F, Rezaei Kanavi M. The effects of electromagnetic fields on cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2019; 39:585-594. [PMID: 30462846 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A great deal of evidence has confirmed that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can affect the central nervous system. In this study, cultured neonatal human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells were exposed to pulsed EMF of 1 mT intensity and 50 Hz frequency 8 h daily for 3 days. In addition to cell proliferation and cell death assays, immunocytochemistry for RPE65, PAX6, nestin, and cytokeratin 8/18 proteins were performed. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for NES, PAX6, RPE65, and ACTA2 gene expression. Exposed hRPE cells did not demonstrate significant change in terms of cytomorphology, cell proliferation, or cell death. Protein expression of PAX6 was decreased in treated cells compared to controls and remained unchanged for RPE65, cytokeratin 8/18, and nestin. Gene expressions of NES, RPE65, and PAX6 were decreased in treated cells as compared to controls. Gene expression of ACTA2 did not significantly change. In conclusion, viability of cultivated neonatal hRPE cells did not change after short exposure to a safe dose of pulsed EMF albeit that both gene and protein expressions of retinal progenitor cell markers were reduced. Whether longer exposure durations that are being constantly produced by widely-used electronic devices may induce significant changes in these cells, needs further investigation. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:585-594, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niyousha Nasrabadi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yashar Amizadeh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzin Sahebjam
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Faraj Tabeie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tang C, Yang C, Cai RS, Ye H, Duan L, Zhang Z, Shi Z, Lin K, Song J, Huang X, Zhang H, Yang J, Cai P. Analysis of the relationship between electromagnetic radiation characteristics and urban functions in highly populated urban areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 654:535-540. [PMID: 30447592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The electromagnetic environment (EME) in cities is becoming increasingly complex, and the resulting potential health hazards have attracted widespread attention. Large-scale field observations and monitoring of electromagnetic fields were performed in Xiamen Island over the past six years. The results show that the integrated electric field intensity in Xiamen Island ranged from 0.32 V/m to 1.70 V/m, while the integrated magnetic flux density ranged from 0.11 μT to 0.50 μT; where more electric power facilities and electronic equipment are present in the island, the electric and magnetic field strengths are higher; the radiation power of 2nd Generation mobile communication (2G) is higher than that of 3rd Generation mobile communication (3G) and 4th Generation mobile communication (4G), the coverage of the 3G signal was more uniform than the others and the 4G communication signal's coverage is still developing. The relationship between the EME characteristics and urban functions has been analyzed in this study. Results showed that electric field intensity had no correlation with urban functional areas, magnetic flux density had a positive correlation with residential area (q = 0.29); 2G and 4G radiation power are positively related to the educational (Edu) function area (960 MHz q = 0.22, 1.8 GHz q = 0.47, 2.61 GHz q = 0.28); there was a positive relationship between 2G (1.8 GHz) radiation power and residential area (q = 0.2). We concluded that there is a strong link between the Xiamen Island's EME and the distribution of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) sources, the denser and wider distributed EMR sources lead to a more complicated urban EME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Chuanjun Yang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Regan Siqiang Cai
- Rhode Island School of Design, Two College Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Hong Ye
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China.
| | - Linlin Duan
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Shi
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Kangwei Lin
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Jinchao Song
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Huang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Peng Cai
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mahaki H, Tanzadehpanah H, Jabarivasal N, Sardanian K, Zamani A. A review on the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on cytokines of innate and adaptive immunity. Electromagn Biol Med 2018; 38:84-95. [PMID: 30518268 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1545668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is produced extensively in modern technologies. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that ELF-EMF has both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the immune system response. This review was conducted on effects of ELF-EMF on cytokines of innate and adaptive immunity. Mechanisms of ELF-EMF, which may modulate immune cell responses, were also studied. Physical and biological parameters of ELF-EMF can interact with each other to create beneficial or harmful effect on the immune cell responses by interfering with the inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines. According to the studies, it is supposed that short-term (2-24 h/d up to a week) exposure of ELF-EMF with strong density may increase innate immune response due to an increase of innate immunity cytokines. Furthermore, long-term (2-24 h/d up to 8 years) exposure to low-density ELF-EMF may cause a decrease in adaptive immune response, especially in Th1 subset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Mahaki
- a Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran.,b Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Hamid Tanzadehpanah
- b Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Naghi Jabarivasal
- c Department of Medical Physics , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Khosro Sardanian
- a Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran.,b Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Alireza Zamani
- a Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran.,d Molecular Immunology Research Group, Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kim YM, Lim HM, Ro HS, Ki GE, Seo YK. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Increase Pigmentation through the p-ERK/p-p38 Pathway in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3211. [PMID: 30336610 PMCID: PMC6214121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanogenesis is a biological process resulting in the production of melanin pigment, which plays an important role in the prevention of sun-induced skin injury, and determines hair and skin color. So, a wide variety of approaches have been proposed to increase the synthesis of melanin. This study evaluated the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on the pigmentation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in vivo. We stimulated pigmentation in zebrafish by using specific frequencies and intensities of PEMFs. This study focuses on pigmentation using PEMFs, and finds that PEMFs, at an optimal intensity and frequency, upregulate pigmentation by the stimulated expression of tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1), dopachrome tautomerase (DCT) through extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) phosphorylation, and p38 phosphorylation signaling pathways in zebrafish. These results suggest that PEMFs, at an optimal intensity and frequency, are a useful tool in treating gray hair, with reduced melanin synthesis in the hair shaft or hypopigmentation-related skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mi Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus Team), Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Korea.
| | - Han-Moi Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus Team), Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Korea.
| | | | - Ga-Eun Ki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus Team), Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Korea.
| | - Young-Kwon Seo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus Team), Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sun Y, Shi Z, Wang Y, Tang C, Liao Y, Yang C, Cai P. Coupling of oxidative stress responses to tricarboxylic acid cycle and prostaglandin E2 alterations in Caenorhabditis elegans under extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:1159-1166. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1524943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Sun
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Environmental Bioelectrochemistry Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yahong Wang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Chao Tang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Liao
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Chuanjun Yang
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Peng Cai
- Physical Environment Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Physical Environment, Xiamen, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Szymanski L, Cios A, Lewicki S, Szymanski P, Stankiewicz W. Fas/FasL pathway and cytokines in keratinocytes in atopic dermatitis - Manipulation by the electromagnetic field. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205103. [PMID: 30286163 PMCID: PMC6171903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most frequent skin diseases. Changes of the keratinocytes functionality play a major role in the development of AD. For example, activation of the Fas (CD95)/FasL (CD178) pathway in AD does not lead to extensive apoptosis in skin. Binding of the Fas receptor to its protein ligand-FasL, which are present on the (AD)-modified keratinocytes, should result in the sequential induction of cell death, but there is no evidence of extensive apoptosis of these cells. This suggests that non-apoptotic mechanism of Fas/FasL pathway is commonly encountered, although not examined in the case of AD, phenomenon. An electromagnetic field, which was used to influence cultured cells in this study, can modulate proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and metabolism in various cells. OBJECTIVE Here, we evaluate the possibility to manipulate the immune activation of AD keratinocytes and their response to the electromagnetic field, which was not tested before. METHODS Keratinocytes isolated from the skin of healthy subjects (n = 20) and patients with atopic dermatitis (n = 20) as well as HaCaT and PCS-200-010 cell were exposed to the 900 MHz electromagnetic field for 60 minutes. Cytometric analysis of viability, Fas/FasL, p-ERK, p-p38 and p-JNK expression and Luminex analysis of cytokine concentration were performed in two-time points: 4 and 24 hours after the exposition. RESULTS This research has shown upregulated Fas, FasL, p-ERK, p-p38, and p-JNK expression along with increased cytokine secretion (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-31 and TNFα) by keratinocytes derived from the skin of patients with the AD when compared with healthy control. Exposure of keratinocyte cultures obtained from AD patients to EMF resulted in a decrease of 1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, I L-13, IL-17, IL-31 and TNFα levels. Keratinocytes derived from the skin of AD patients are characterized by elevated Fas and FasL expression when compared to healthy control. CONCLUSION Apoptotic and nonapoptotic activation of the Fas/FasL-dependent signaling pathway may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD, by adjusting the local cytokine and chemokine environment at the site of inflammation. Moreover, the electromagnetic field exhibits strong immunomodulatory effects on AD-modified keratinocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Szymanski
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Cios
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Lewicki
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Szymanski
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wanda Stankiewicz
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Solek P, Majchrowicz L, Koziorowski M. Aloe arborescens juice prevents EMF-induced oxidative stress and thus protects from pathophysiology in the male reproductive system in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 166:141-149. [PMID: 29886390 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
More and more studies suggest that prolonged exposure to EMF may cause adverse biological effects and point directly to a significantly negative correlation between EMF and human health, especially men fertility. In our previous study, we reported that this could be related to the EMF-induced reactive oxygen species formation, followed by DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. In this study, we decided to expand our research by the search for substances which would prevent EMF-induced damage in spermatogenic cells. Such an agent seems to be Aloe arborescens Mill. juice, which was shown to possess a wide range of protective properties. The administration of aloe extract helps among others to prevent the formation of free radicals by various biochemical pathways. Therefore, the main aim of our study was to provide a significant knowledge concerning the mechanism involved in the multi-pathway cytoprotective response of aloe juice against EMF. The study was carried out in an in vitro mouse spermatogenesis pathway cell lines (GC-1 spg and GC-2 spd). Our results suggest that the aloe juice has many positive effects, especially for the cellular antioxidant systems by reducing the intracellular reactive oxygen species pool induced by EMF. In consequence, aloe juice prevents DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and therefore the viability and metabolic activity of both cell line tested are preserved. In conclusion, our study provides new insight into the underlying mechanisms through which aloe juice prevents spermatogenic cells from cytotoxic and genotoxic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Solek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland; Centre of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland.
| | - Lena Majchrowicz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland; Centre of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Marek Koziorowski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland; Centre of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li H, Lin L, Li L, Zhou L, Hao S, Zhang Y, Ding Z. Eotaxin‑1 and MCP‑1 serve as circulating indicators in response to power frequency electromagnetic field exposure in mice. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2832-2840. [PMID: 30015948 PMCID: PMC6102701 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing public concern regarding the potential health risks of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) has led to intensive research in this area. However, it remains unclear whether potential pro-oncogenic effects may be caused by power frequency EMF (PFEMF) exposure. To address the associated risk factors, the present study exposed 4-week old Balb/c mice to 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5 mT of constant 50 Hz Helmholtz coil-type PFEMF for 90 days to explore the circulating chemokine indicators that may be associated with inflammation or cancer. No measurable weight difference existed between the control and PFEMF-exposure groups; however, the Luminex assay clearly demonstrated differentially responsive profiles of circulating chemokines upon PFEMF treatment. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-3, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β and MIP-2 levels in serum were not significantly altered by PFEMF during the 3-month exposure period; however, the circulating levels of other chemokines including IP-10, GROα, RANTES, EOTAXIN-1 and MCP-1 exhibited significant changes upon treatment. Among the responsive chemokines, EOTAXIN-1 and MCP-1 were significantly increased by 0.5 mT of PFEMF treatment, which may support their use as indicators of PFEMF exposure. This novel finding highlights the potential pro-inflammatory nature of power frequency, which may shed light on the mechanisms underlying PFEMF-induced diseases, including cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Li
- Institute of Environmental Protection, Guangdong Power Grid, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Environmental Protection, Guangdong Power Grid, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Hao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Ding
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kazemi M, Sahraei H, Aliyari H, Tekieh E, Saberi M, Tavacoli H, Meftahi GH, Ghanaati H, Salehi M, Hajnasrollah M. Effects of the Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on NMDA-Receptor Gene Expression and Visual Working Memory in Male Rhesus Macaques. Basic Clin Neurosci 2018; 9:167-176. [PMID: 30034647 PMCID: PMC6037432 DOI: 10.29252/nirp.bcn.9.3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present research aimed to examine Visual Working Memory (VWM) test scores, as well as hormonal, genomic, and brain anatomic changes in the male rhesus macaques exposed to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field (ELF-MF). Methods Four monkeys were exposed to two different ELF-MF frequencies: 1 Hz (control) and 12 Hz (experiment) with 0.7 μT (magnitude) 4 h/d for 30 consecutive days. Before and after the exposure, VWM test was conducted using a coated devise on a movable stand. About 10 mL of the animals' blood was obtained from their femoral vain and used to evaluate their melatonin concentration. Blood lymphocytes were used for assaying the expressions of N-Methyl-D-aspartate NMDA-receptor genes expression before and after ELF exposure. Anatomical changes of hippocampus size were also assessed using MRI images. Results Results indicated that VWM scores in primates exposed to 12 Hz frequency ELF increased significantly. Plasma melatonin level was also increased in these animals. However, these variables did not change in the animals exposed to 1 Hz ELF. At last, expression of the NMDA receptors increased at exposure to 12 Hz frequency. However, hippocampal volume did not increase significantly in the animals exposed to both frequencies. Conclusion In short, these results indicate that ELF (12 Hz) may have a beneficial value for memory enhancement (indicated by the increase in VWM scores). This may be due to an increase in plasma melatonin and or expression of NMDA glutamate receptors. However, direct involvement of the hippocampus in this process needs more research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Kazemi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Sahraei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Aliyari
- Faculty of Electrical, Biomedical and Mechatronics Engineering, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Elaheh Tekieh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Saberi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Tavacoli
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Ghanaati
- Medical Imaging Centre, Imam Khomeini University Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salehi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Hajnasrollah
- Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Akbarnejad Z, Esmaeilpour K, Shabani M, Asadi-Shekaari M, Saeedi Goraghani M, Ahmadi-Zeidabadi M. Spatial memory recovery in Alzheimer's rat model by electromagnetic field exposure. Int J Neurosci 2017; 128:691-696. [PMID: 29185809 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2017.1411353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although studies have shown a potential association between extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) exposure and Alzheimer's disease (AD), few studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of weak magnetic fields on brain functions such as cognitive functions in animal models. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of ELF-EMF exposure (50 Hz, 10 mT) on spatial learning and memory changes in AD rats. METHODS Amyloid-β (Aβ) 1-42 was injected into lateral ventricle to establish an AD rat model. The rats were divided into six groups: Group I (control); Group II (surgical sham); Group III (AD) Alzheimer's rat model; Group IV (MF) rats exposed to ELF-MF for 14 consecutive days; Group V (Aβ injection+M) rats exposed to magnetic field for 14 consecutive days from day 0 to 14 days after the Aβ peptide injection; Group VI (AD+M) rats exposed to magnetic field for 14 consecutive days after 2 weeks of Aβ peptide injection from 14th to 28th day . Morris water maze investigations were performed. RESULTS AD rats showed a significant impairment in learning and memory compared to control rats. The results showed that ELF-MF improved the learning and memory impairments in Aβ injection+M and AD+M groups. CONCLUSION Our results showed that application of ELF-MF not only has improving effect on different cognitive disorder signs of AD animals, but also disrupts the processes of AD rat model formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Akbarnejad
- a Neuroscience Research Center , Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran.,b ENT and Head & Neck Research Center , Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) , Tehran , Iran
| | - Khadijeh Esmaeilpour
- a Neuroscience Research Center , Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- a Neuroscience Research Center , Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Majid Asadi-Shekaari
- a Neuroscience Research Center , Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Monavvar Saeedi Goraghani
- a Neuroscience Research Center , Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi-Zeidabadi
- a Neuroscience Research Center , Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Melanogenesis through p-ERK and p-SAPK/JNK Pathways in Human Melanocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102120. [PMID: 29019940 PMCID: PMC5666802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated frequency-dependent effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on melanogenesis by melanocytes in vitro. Melanocytes were exposed to 2 mT EMFs at 30-75 Hz for 3 days before melanogenesis was examined. Exposure to ELF-EMFs at 50 and 60 Hz induced melanogenic maturation without cell damage, without changing cell proliferation and mitochondrial activity. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity of cells exposed to 50 Hz were higher than in controls, and mRNA expression of tyrosinase-related protein-2 was elevated relative to controls at 50 Hz. Phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (p-CREB) levels were higher than controls in cells exposed to ELF-EMFs at 50-75 Hz. Immunohistochemical staining showed that melanocyte-specific markers (HMB45, Melan-A) were strongly expressed in cells exposed to EMFs at 50 and 60 Hz compared to controls. Thus, exposure to ELF-EMFs at 50 Hz could stimulate melanogenesis in melanocytes, through activation of p-CREB and p-p38 and inhibition of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase and phosphorylated stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase. The results may form the basis of an appropriate anti-gray hair treatment or be applied in a therapeutic device for inducing repigmentation in the skin of vitiligo patients.
Collapse
|
46
|
Erdal ME, Yılmaz SG, Gürgül S, Uzun C, Derici D, Erdal N. miRNA expression profile is altered differentially in the rat brain compared to blood after experimental exposure to 50 Hz and 1 mT electromagnetic field. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 132:35-42. [PMID: 28782562 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Common complex diseases are a result of host and environment interactions. One such putative environmental factor is the electromagnetic field exposure, especially the occupational extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field, 50 Hz, 1 mT, whose neurobiological relevance remains elusive. We evaluated the effects of long-term (60 days) ELF-MF exposure on miRNAs previously related to brain and human diseases (miR-26b-5p, miR-9-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-106b-5p, miR-107, miR-125a-3p). A total of 64 young (3 weeks-old) and mature (10 weeks-old) male/female Wistar-Albino rats were divided into sham and ELF-MF exposed groups. After sacrifice of the animals, blood samples from rat's tail vein and brain tissues were collected. The expression levels of miRNAs were investigated with Real-Time PCR technique and TaqMan probe Technology. All miRNA expression levels of the young female rats show a significant decrease in blood according to brain samples (p < 0.05), but fewer miRNAs displayed a similar significant decrease in the blood. In conclusion, these new observations might inform future clinical biological psychiatry studies of long-term electromagnetic field exposure, and the ways in which host-environment interactions contribute to brain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emin Erdal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey.
| | - Senay Görücü Yılmaz
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Serkan Gürgül
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat TR-60100, Turkey.
| | - Coşar Uzun
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Mersin University, Mersin TR-33343, Turkey.
| | - Didem Derici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Mersin University, Mersin TR-33343, Turkey.
| | - Nurten Erdal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Mersin University, Mersin TR-33343, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang H, Dai Y, Cheng Y, He Y, Manyakara Z, Duan Y, Sun G, Sun X. Influence of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on Ca2+signaling and double messenger system in mice hippocampus and reversal function of procyanidins extracted from lotus seedpod. Bioelectromagnetics 2017; 38:436-446. [DOI: 10.1002/bem.22058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
| | - Yuanyuan Dai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
| | - Yuanqing He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
| | - Zandile Manyakara
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plants; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plants; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Akbarnejad Z, Eskandary H, Dini L, Vergallo C, Nematollahi-Mahani SN, Farsinejad A, Abadi MFS, Ahmadi M. Cytotoxicity of temozolomide on human glioblastoma cells is enhanced by the concomitant exposure to an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (100Hz, 100G). Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:254-264. [PMID: 28551545 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant brain cancer that causes high mortality in humans. It responds poorly to the most common cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemo- and radiation therapy. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent that has been widely used to treat GBM; resistance to this drug is often found. One unexplored possibility for overcoming this resistance is a treatment based on concomitant exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and TMZ. Indeed, many evidences show that EMF affects cancer cells and drug performance. In this study, we evaluated the potential synergistic effect of 100μM TMZ and EMF (100Hz, 100G) on two human glioma cells line, i.e., U87 and T98G above single treatments, TMZ or EMF. Co-treatment synergistically enhanced apoptosis in U87 and T98G cells, by increasing the expression of P53, Bax, and Caspase-3 and decreasing that of Bcl-2 and Cyclin-D1. We also observed an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the overexpression of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene in comparison to controls. In conclusion, since EMF enhanced the apoptotic effect of TMZ, possibly through a redox regulation mechanism, the TMZ/EMF combination may be effective for glioma cancer treating. Further studies are needed to reveal the action mechanism of this possible novel therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Akbarnejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Eskandary
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran; Afzal Research Institute (NGO), 76175-113 Kerman, Iran.
| | - Luciana Dini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; CNR Nanotec, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Cristian Vergallo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Alireza Farsinejad
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Fekri Soofi Abadi
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Conditioned medium from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients reduces the expression and release of inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS-gingivalis in THP-1 and MO3.13 cell lines. Cytokine 2017; 96:261-272. [PMID: 28511117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present research was aimed at evaluating the effect of the conditioned medium (CM) from human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) obtained from healthy donors (hPDLSCs-CM) and from Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis patients (RR-MS-CM) on inflammatory response induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS-G) in a monocytoid human cell line (THP-1) and human oligodendrocyte cell line (MO3.13). Human periodontal ligament biopsies were carried out from control donor patients and selected RR-MS donors. Sample tissues were obtained from premolar teeth during root scaling and subsequently cultured. The effect of hPDLSCs-CM and RR-MS-CM on cell viability in PMA differentiated THP-1 (as a model of microglia) was measured using a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The same experiments were performed in undifferentiated and differentiated MO3.13 cells used as models of progenitor cells and oligodendrocytes, respectively. The expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 was evaluated by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression level of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), for which LPS-G is a ligand, was evaluated by Western blot analysis. The results were analyzed by ANOVA using Graph Pad Prism software. LPS-G significantly increased TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression and protein levels in the differentiated THP-1 cells and oligodendrocyte MO3.13 progenitor cells. Treatment with hPDLSCs-CM or with RR-MS-CM significantly attenuated the LPS-induced expression and production of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. The CM from both healthy donors and RR-MS patients also reduced the LPS-G stimulated protein levels of TLR-4 in differentiated THP-1 cells. On the whole our data add new evidence on the anti-inflammatory effects of these peculiar stem cells even when derived from RR-MS patients and open novel perspectives in the therapeutic use of autologous periodontal stem cells in neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative diseases including MS.
Collapse
|
50
|
Sztafrowski D, Aksamit-Stachurska A, Kostyn K, Mackiewicz P, Łukaszewicz M. Electromagnetic Field Seems to Not Influence Transcription via CTCT Motif in Three Plant Promoters. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:178. [PMID: 28326086 PMCID: PMC5339303 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It was proposed that magnetic fields (MFs) can influence gene transcription via CTCT motif located in human HSP70 promoter. To check the universality of this mechanism, we estimated the potential role of this motif on plant gene transcription in response to MFs using both bioinformatics and experimental studies. We searched potential promoter sequences (1000 bp upstream) in the potato Solanum tuberosum and thale cress Arabidopsis thaliana genomes for the CTCT sequence. The motif was found, on average, 3.6 and 4.3 times per promoter (148,487 and 134,361 motifs in total) in these two species, respectively; however, the CTCT sequences were not randomly distributed in the promoter regions but were preferentially located near the transcription initiation site and were closely packed. The closer these CTCT sequences to the transcription initiation site, the smaller distance between them in both plants. One can assume that genes with many CTCT motifs in their promoter regions can be potentially regulated by MFs. To check this assumption, we tested the influence of MFs on gene expression in a transgenic potato with three promoters (16R, 20R, and 5UGT) containing from 3 to 12 CTCT sequences and starting expression of β-glucuronidase as a reported gene. The potatoes were exposed to a 50 Hz 60-70 A/m MF for 30 min and the reporter gene activity was measured for up to 24 h. Although other factors induced the reporter gene activity, the MF did not. It implies the CTCT motif does not mediate in response to MF in the tested plant promoters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Sztafrowski
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and TechnologyWrocław, Poland
| | | | - Kamil Kostyn
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of WrocławWrocław, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|