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Khan A, Khan B, Hussain S, Wang Y, Mai W, Hou Y. Permethrin exposure impacts zebrafish lipid metabolism via the KRAS-PPAR-GLUT signaling pathway, which is mediated by oxidative stress. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:107021. [PMID: 38996480 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Permethrin (Per) is a widely used and frequently detected pyrethroid pesticide in agricultural products and the environment. It may pose potential toxicity to non-target organisms. Per has been reported to affect lipid homeostasis, although the mechanism is undefined. This study aims to explore the characteristic transcriptomic profiles and clarify the underlying signaling pathways of Per-induced lipid metabolism disorder in zebrafish liver. The results showed that environmental exposure to Per caused changes in the liver index, histopathology, and oxidative stress in zebrafish. Moreover, transcriptome results showed that Per heavily altered the pathways involved in metabolism, the immune system, and the endocrine system. We conducted a more in-depth analysis of the genes associated with lipid metabolism. Our findings revealed that exposure to Per led to a disruption in lipid metabolism by activating the KRAS-PPAR-GLUT signaling pathways through oxidative stress. The disruption of lipid homeostasis caused by exposure to Per may also contribute to obesity, hepatitis, and other diseases. The results may provide new insights for the risk of Permethrin to aquatic organisms and new horizons for the pathogenesis of hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrasyab Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China 212013
| | - Bibimaryam Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China 212013
| | - Shakeel Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China 212013
| | - Yuhan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China 212013
| | - Weijun Mai
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China 212013.
| | - Yongzhong Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China 212013.
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2
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Khoo SC, Zhang N, Luang-In V, Goh MS, Sonne C, Ma NL. Exploring environmental exposomes and the gut-brain nexus: Unveiling the impact of pesticide exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118441. [PMID: 38350544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
This review delves into the escalating concern of environmental pollutants and their profound impact on human health in the context of the modern surge in global diseases. The utilisation of chemicals in food production, which results in residues in food, has emerged as a major concern nowadays. By exploring the intricate relationship between environmental pollutants and gut microbiota, the study reveals a dynamic bidirectional interplay, as modifying microbiota profile influences metabolic pathways and subsequent brain functions. This review will first provide an overview of potential exposomes and their effect to gut health. This paper is then emphasis the connection of gut brain function by analysing microbiome markers with neurotoxicity responses. We then take pesticide as example of exposome to elucidate their influence to biomarkers biosynthesis pathways and subsequent brain functions. The interconnection between neuroendocrine and neuromodulators elements and the gut-brain axis emerges as a pivotal factor in regulating mental health and brain development. Thus, manipulation of gut microbiota function at the onset of stress may offer a potential avenue for the prevention and treatment for mental disorder and other neurodegenerative illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing Ching Khoo
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nan Zhang
- Synerk Biotech, BioBay, Suzhou, 215000, China; Neuroscience Program, Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Vijitra Luang-In
- Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantharawichai, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Meng Shien Goh
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Danish Centre for Environment and Energy (DCE), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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3
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Das BK, Nayak KK, Kumar V. Alteration of haematological and biochemical biomarkers after sub-lethal chronic malathion (Elathion®) intoxication in freshwater fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 277:109844. [PMID: 38244824 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of malathion (Elathion®) at two sub-lethal concentrations (0.36 and 1.84 mgL-1) for 45 days after the determination of 96 h-LC50 value (18.35 mgL-1) in a commercially important aquaculture species, Labeo rohita by assaying multiple biomarker approaches. Total erythrocyte count (TEC), and haemoglobulin count (Hb) were found to be decreased while total leucocyte counts (TLC) were increased (p < 0.05) in malathion-intoxicated fish. Malathion exposure significantly reduced (p < 0.05) serum protein levels while significantly increased (p < 0.05) blood glucose levels. RNA activity in muscle was reduced (p < 0.05) while DNA activity increased (p < 0.05) in malathion-intoxicated fish. Acid phosphatase (ACP) activities in the brain; lacate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in brain and liver were increased (p < 0.05), while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the brain; succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities in the brain, liver and kidney; acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in the brain; and ATPase activities in the brain, liver and kidney were reduced (p < 0.05) in comparison to control. Thus, the alteration in studied biomarkers was in a concentation-time dependent manner; however, it was more pronounced at the higher concentration at 45 days of exposure. The alteration in biomarker activity is probably a defensive mechanism/ adaptive response of fish to overcome the stress induced by malathion, which is a novel insight and possible impact on L.rohita. Our findings suggest malathion-induced stress, therefore, the use of malathion needs to be regulated to safeguard aquatic animals including fish and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Kumar Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India.
| | | | - Vikas Kumar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Regional Centre, Prayagraj, 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Banerjee D, Adhikary S, Bhattacharya S, Chakraborty A, Dutta S, Chatterjee S, Ganguly A, Nanda S, Rajak P. Breaking boundaries: Artificial intelligence for pesticide detection and eco-friendly degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117601. [PMID: 37977271 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are extensively used agrochemicals across the world to control pest populations. However, irrational application of pesticides leads to contamination of various components of the environment, like air, soil, water, and vegetation, all of which build up significant levels of pesticide residues. Further, these environmental contaminants fuel objectionable human toxicity and impose a greater risk to the ecosystem. Therefore, search of methodologies having potential to detect and degrade pesticides in different environmental media is currently receiving profound global attention. Beyond the conventional approaches, Artificial Intelligence (AI) coupled with machine learning and artificial neural networks are rapidly growing branches of science that enable quick data analysis and precise detection of pesticides in various environmental components. Interestingly, nanoparticle (NP)-mediated detection and degradation of pesticides could be linked to AI algorithms to achieve superior performance. NP-based sensors stand out for their operational simplicity as well as their high sensitivity and low detection limits when compared to conventional, time-consuming spectrophotometric assays. NPs coated with fluorophores or conjugated with antibody or enzyme-anchored sensors can be used through Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectrometry, fluorescence, or chemiluminescence methodologies for selective and more precise detection of pesticides. Moreover, NPs assist in the photocatalytic breakdown of various organic and inorganic pesticides. Here, AI models are ideal means to identify, classify, characterize, and even predict the data of pesticides obtained through NP sensors. The present study aims to discuss the environmental contamination and negative impacts of pesticides on the ecosystem. The article also elaborates the AI and NP-assisted approaches for detecting and degrading a wide range of pesticide residues in various environmental and agrecultural sources including fruits and vegetables. Finally, the prevailing limitations and future goals of AI-NP-assisted techniques have also been dissected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyasha Banerjee
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India.
| | - Satadal Adhikary
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, A. B. N. Seal College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India.
| | | | - Aritra Chakraborty
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sohini Dutta
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sovona Chatterjee
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India.
| | - Abhratanu Ganguly
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sayantani Nanda
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India.
| | - Prem Rajak
- Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India.
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Bayır M, Özdemir E. Genomic organization and transcription of superoxide dismutase genes ( sod1, sod2, and sod3b) and response to diazinon toxicity in platyfish ( Xiphophorus maculatus) by using SOD enzyme activity. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3578-3588. [PMID: 36811494 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2178931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of 50% of 96 h LC50 (5.25 ppm) diazinon on the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme genes (sod1, sod2, and sod3b) and SOD enzyme activity at the end of 24, 48, 72, and 96 h in platyfish liver and gill tissues. To this end, we determined the tissue-specific distribution of sod1, sod2, and sod3b genes and performed in silico analyses in platyfish (Xiphophorus maculatus). It was determined that malondialdehyde (MDA) level and SOD enzyme activity were increased in the liver [(43.90 EU mg protein-1 (control), 62.45 EU mg protein-1 (24 h), 73.17 EU mg protein-1 (48 h), 82.18 EU mg protein-1 (72 h), 92.93 EU mg protein-1 (96 h)] and gill [(16.44 EU mg protein-1 (control), 33.47 EU mg protein-1 (24 h), 50.38 EU mg protein-1 (48 h), 64.62 EU mg protein-1 (72 h), 74.04 EU mg protein-1 (96 h)] tissues of platyfish exposed to diazinon, while the expression of the sod genes was down-regulated. The tissue-specific distribution of the sod genes varied, with the tissues and the sod genes expression were being predominant in the liver (628.32 in sod1, 637.59 in sod2, 888.5 in sod3b). Thus, the liver was considered a suitable tissue for further gene expression studies. Based on the phylogenetic analyses, platyfish sod genes can be reported to be orthologs of sod/SOD genes from other vertebrates. Identity/similarity analyses supported this determination. Conserved gene synteny proved that there are conserved sod genes in platyfish, zebrafish, and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Bayır
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Erdal Özdemir
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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6
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Ramya S, Barathinivas A, Jayakumararaj R, Pothiraj C, Ali D, Piccione G, Multisanti CR, Balaji P, Faggio C. Ecotoxicological insights: Effects of pesticides on ionic metabolism regulation in freshwater catfish, Mystus keletius. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 265:106764. [PMID: 37972502 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Fish maintain their body fluid ionic and osmotic homeostasis using sophisticated iono-/osmoregulation mechanisms through gills ionocytes. Pesticide-induced ionic imbalance in fish has been recognized as a valuable tool to determine its toxic effects. Acute exposure to synthetic and organo-chemical pesticides on the regulation of ionic (Na+, Ca2+, P) metabolism in freshwater catfish Mystus keletius was evaluated. Fish were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (mg/l) of selected pesticide for a period of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Results indicated that chemical pesticides - Impala and Ekalux - evoked adverse toxic effects on selected tissues compared to organo-chemical pesticide tested. Statistical analysis of the summative data using two-way ANOVA was significant (p-value<0.001). Variations in the cellular parameters analysed were attributed to the physiological acclimatization of fish to the pesticide exposed. Based on the results it is concluded that organic pesticides may be preferred for rice field application considering safety aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Ramya
- P.G and Research Department of Zoology, Yadava College (Men), Madurai, TN, India
| | - Ayyanar Barathinivas
- P.G and Research Department of Zoology, Yadava College (Men), Madurai, TN, India
| | | | | | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Paulraj Balaji
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Hosur, TN, India.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
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7
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Ishaq S, Jabeen G, Arshad M, Kanwal Z, Un Nisa F, Zahra R, Shafiq Z, Ali H, Samreen KB, Manzoor F. Heavy metal toxicity arising from the industrial effluents repercussions on oxidative stress, liver enzymes and antioxidant activity in brain homogenates of Oreochromis niloticus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19936. [PMID: 37968305 PMCID: PMC10652000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47366-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrial effluents reaching to the aquatic ecosystem is one of the major causes of environmental pollution and exposure to industrial effluents containing harmful substances may be a serious threat to human health. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the sub-lethal (1/5th of predetermined LC50) impact of industrial effluents from Sundar Industrial Estate on Oreochromis niloticus with proper negative control. The physicochemical analysis of industrial effluents showed enormous loads of inorganic pollutants and exhibited high mean levels of heavy metals, Mn, Fe, Pb, Ni, Cr, Hg, As, Zn and Fe with statistically significant differences at p < 0.05. Highest level of Mn and Fe was detected in effluent's samples as 147.36 ± 80.91 mg/L and 90.52 ± 32.08 mg/L, respectively. Exposure led to increase in serum biochemical parameters alanine aminotransferase + 25%, aspartate aminotransferase + 20% and alkaline phosphatase + 7% over control although superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione significantly increased as 3.42, 2.44, 4.8 and 8 folds, respectively in metabolically active tissue brain which indicated stress caused by industrial effluents. The results concluded that industrial effluent has potent oxidative stress inducers on one hand whereas histoarchitectural and physiological toxicity causing contaminants on the other. This condition may adversely affect the health of aquatic organisms, the fish and ultimately the human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwat Ishaq
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Mateen Arshad
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zakia Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Un Nisa
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rida Zahra
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zunaira Shafiq
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Ali
- Punjab Wildlife and Parks Department, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khush Bakht Samreen
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farkhanda Manzoor
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
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8
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Ramesh M, Bindu CF, Mohanthi S, Hema T, Poopal RK, Ren Z, Bin L. Efficiency of hematological, enzymological and oxidative stress biomarkers of Cyprinus carpio to an emerging organic compound (alphamethrin) toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104186. [PMID: 37331673 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Alphamethrin is one of the extensively used pyrethroids. Its non-specific mode-of-action might affect the non-target-organisms. Its toxicity data on aquatic organisms are lacking. We determined the toxicity (35 days) of alphamethrin (0.6µg/L and 1.2µg/L) on non-target-organisms by evaluating the efficiency of hematological, enzymological and antioxidants biomarkers of Cyprinus carpio. Compared with the control group, the efficiency of the biomarkers studied was significantly (p<0.05) impaired in the alphamethrin groups. Alphamethrin-toxicity altered hematology, transaminases and the potency of LDH of fish. ACP and ALP activity and biomarkers of oxidative stress in the gills, liver and muscle tissues were affected. IBRv2 index reveals that the biomarkers were inhibited. The observed impairments were the toxicity effects of alphamethrin with respect to concentration and time. The effectiveness of biomarkers for alphamethrin toxicity was like the toxicity data available on other banned insecticides. Alphamethrin could cause multiorgan toxicity on aquatic organisms at µg/L level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathan Ramesh
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, People's Republic of China; Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, TamilNadu, India
| | - Clara F Bindu
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, TamilNadu, India
| | - Sundaram Mohanthi
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, TamilNadu, India
| | - Tamilselvan Hema
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, TamilNadu, India
| | - Rama-Krishnan Poopal
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, People's Republic of China; Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, TamilNadu, India.
| | - Zongming Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Bin
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Abdelmagid AD, Said AM, Abd El-Gawad EA, Shalaby SA, Dawood MAO. Glyphosate-induced liver and kidney dysfunction, oxidative stress, immunosuppression in Nile tilapia, but ginger showed a protection role. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:445-455. [PMID: 35773603 PMCID: PMC10209248 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-09961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The water-borne herbicides are involved in the toxicity of aquatic animals resulting in impaired health status and low productivity. Dietary medicinal herbs present a practical solution to relieve the impacts of herbicides toxicity on the performances of aquatic animals. Herein, we investigated the toxicity of commercial glyphosate-induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression, liver and kidney dysfunction, and the protective role of ginger or ginger nanoparticles in Nile tilapia. Fish were allocated into four groups: the first group presented the control without glyphosate toxicity and ginger feeding, the second group intoxicated with glyphosate at 0.6 mg/L and fed ginger free diet, the third group intoxicated with glyphosate and fed ginger at 2.5 g/kg, and the fourth group intoxicated with glyphosate and fed ginger nanoparticles at 2.5 g/kg. Fish were kept under the experimental conditions for four weeks, and the samples of blood and tissues were collected after 2 and 4 weeks. Markedly, fish exposed to glyphosate showed the highest ALT and AST activities, glucose and cortisol levels, and malondialdehyde levels (MDA) in gills and tissues. While fish in the control and fish intoxicated with glyphosate and fed ginger nanoparticles had the lowest ALT and AST activities, glucose and cortisol levels, and MDA levels after 2 and 4 weeks (P < 0.05). Fish fed dietary ginger had lower ALT and AST activities, glucose and cortisol levels, and MDA levels than the glyphosate intoxicated group after 2 and 4 weeks (P < 0.05). Interestingly, fish-fed ginger nanoparticles showed lower urea and creatinine levels and higher total protein, albumin, and globulin than the glyphosate intoxicated group (P < 0.05) and similar to the control (P > 0.05). Further, fish intoxicated with glyphosate and fed ginger nanoparticles had the highest GSH, lysozyme activity, and immunoglobulin levels after 2 and 4 weeks (P < 0.05). In conclusion, ginger nanoparticles are superior to the standard ginger form in enhancing the antioxidative and immune responses of Nile tilapia exposed to glyphosate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf D Abdelmagid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa M Said
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Eman A Abd El-Gawad
- Aquatic Animal Diseases and Management Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Sara A Shalaby
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt.
- The Center for Applied Research On the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
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10
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Reda RM, Helmy RMA, Osman A, Ahmed FAG, Kotb GAM, El-Fattah AHA. The potential effect of Moringa oleifera ethanolic leaf extract against oxidative stress, immune response disruption induced by abamectin exposure in Oreochromis niloticus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:58569-58587. [PMID: 36988803 PMCID: PMC10163106 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26517-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Abamectin (ABM), a naturally fermented product of Streptomyces avermitilis, is applied to pest control in livestock and agriculture fields. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaf ethanolic extract (MOE) on biochemical changes including oxidative stress indices, immune response marker, lipid profiles as well as mRNA expression of immune related genes, and abamectin (ABM, 5% EC) residue levels in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to a sub-lethal concentration (0.5 µg/l) for 28 days. Disturbance in liver and kidney biomarkers was markedly increased in ABM-exposed fish compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde levels in the liver and brain tissues, as well as the activities of glutathione-s-transferase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxides, all increased significantly in ABM group. Additionally, ABM exposure increased the levels of interleukin 10 beta and growth factor gene expression. On the other hand, fish exposed to ABM had significantly lower serum alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, high-density lipoprotein, glutathione peroxides in brain, glutathione in liver and brain tissues, lysozyme activity, nitric oxide, immunoglobulin M, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin 1 beta as compared to the control group. The recorded detrimental effects of ABM on tilapia have been overcome by the addition of MOE to the diet (1%) and ameliorating hepato-renal damage and enhancing antioxidant activity, innate immune responses, and upregulating the anti-inflammatory gene expression. Therefore, it could be concluded that MOE dietary supplementation at 1% could be used to counteract the oxidative stress, immune response disruption induced by abamectin exposure in Oreochromis niloticus, and reduce its accumulation in fish tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Reda
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Rania M A Helmy
- Pesticides Residue and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Farag A Gh Ahmed
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Gamila A M Kotb
- Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, P.O. Box 12618, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amir H Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
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11
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Miranda JAT, Fogaça FHS, Cunha SC, Alonso MB, Torres JPM, Fernandes JO. Agrochemical Residues in Fish and Bivalves from Sepetiba Bay and Parnaiba River Delta, Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192315790. [PMID: 36497865 PMCID: PMC9736463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of pesticides has a harmful impact on the environment and human health. The main goal of this work was to develop a method to determine and quantify the residues of thirteen pesticides in edible fish and bivalves such as parati (Mugil curema), seabass (Centropomus ssp.), mullet (Mugil brasiliensis), clams (Anomalocardia brasiliana) and mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from Sepetiba Bay and Parnaiba River Delta (Brazil) between 2019 and 2020. Matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) was used for extraction and quantification through gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The method was validated (linearity, accuracy and precision) for fatty fish (Salmo salar), lean fish (Mugil curema) and bivalves (Mytilus edulis). The survey found linear correlation coefficients (r) equal to or greater than 0.9 for almost all analytes. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of five replicates were less than 20% for almost all analytes at different concentrations in lean fish, fatty fish and bivalves. Most analytes showed satisfactory accuracy. Alachlor herbicide was found in samples of seabass, mussels, clams and parati with levels ranging between 0.55 to 420.39 μg kg-1 dw. Ethion was found in parati (maximum 211.22 μg kg-1 dw), mussels (15.1 μg kg-1 dw) and clams (maximum 44.50 μg kg-1 dw). Alachlor was found in clams (maximum 93.1 μg kg-1 dw), and bifenthrin was found in parati (maximum 43.4 μg kg-1 dw) and clams (maximum 42.21 μg kg-1 dw). The validated method was satisfactory for the determination of eleven pesticides in the fatty fish matrix, and thirteen pesticides in the samples of lean fish and bivalves. The presence of alachlor, ethion and bifenthrin stands out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Aparecida Tavares Miranda
- Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IBCCF-UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Fabíola Helena S. Fogaça
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Company, Agroindústria de Alimentos (EMBRAPA), Av. das Américas, nº 29.501, Guaratiba, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sara C. Cunha
- Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Batha Alonso
- Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IBCCF-UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Paulo M. Torres
- Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IBCCF-UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Oliveira Fernandes
- Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Kumar V, Swain HS, Roy S, Das BK, Upadhyay A, Ramteke MH, Kumar V, Kole RK, Banerjee H. Integrated biomarker approach strongly explaining in vivo sub-lethal acute toxicity of butachlor on Labeo rohita. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 261:109427. [PMID: 35944825 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Butachlor herbicide belongs to the family of chloroacetanilide group, widely used for control of grass and broadleaf weeds in paddy fields however, its repeated application may result in aquatic pollution. Butachlor residue has been detected in aquatic environments, which may produce toxic effects on non-target organisms including fish. Keeping this in mind, the present study was designed to estimate the LC50 of butachlor (Shaktiman®), and to evaluate the sub-lethal toxicity at two concentrations (12.42 μg L-1 and 62.10 μg L-1) in Labeo rohita for a period of 24, 48, and 72 h. Fish exposed to butachlor reduced the counts of red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), and white blood cells (WBC). A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase-SOD, glutathione-s-transferase-GST), and hepatic enzyme (glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase-GOT, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase-GPT) were noticed in butachlor exposed fish. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and HSP90 in gill; cortisol, protein, albumin, globulin, and triglyceride in serum were increased upon exposure of butachlor. On the contrary, complement 3 (C3) and immunoglobulin (IgM) in serum was found to be decreased compared to control fish. The findings thus suggest that the fish upon exposure to butachlor disrupts the biomarkers which ultimately leads to growth retardation in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India; ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Himanshu Sekhar Swain
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Sankhajit Roy
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India.
| | - Aurobinda Upadhyay
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Mitesh Hiradas Ramteke
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Vikash Kumar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Ramen Kumar Kole
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Hemanta Banerjee
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India
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R L, Rejiniemon TS, Sathya R, Kuppusamy P, Al-Mekhlafi FA, Wadaan MA, Rajendran P. Adsorption of heavy metals from the aqueous solution using activated biomass from Ulva flexuosa. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135479. [PMID: 35753418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The removal of various highly toxic heavy metals from wastewater environment is an important task to improve environment. The biosorption potential of cadmium, cobalt and zinc was evaluated using Ulva flexuosa biomass. The impacts of adsorbent dosage, pH of the medium, contact time, and agitation speed were analyzed. The maximum biosorption potential was reached at pH 4.0, 0.4 g initial biosorbent dosage, contact time 40 min and 30 mg/L initial metal concentration for cadmium, while the other factors were similar to zinc, except 35 min contact time (p < 0.01). The optimum absorption was pH 4, 0.6% adsorbent dosage, after 30 min contact time with the heavy metals and 40 mg/L cobalt concentration. Heavy metal removal efficiency was 94.8 ± 3.3%, 87.5 ± 2.3%, and 90.8 ± 1.4%, for cadmium, cobalt, and zinc, respectively (p < 0.01). The Langmuir constant (R2) was 0.980 for cadmium, 0.838 for cobalt and it was 0.718 for zinc. The present results revealed that the selected acid modified biomass was highly suitable for the adsorption of metal ions such as, Cd2+, Co2+ and Zn2+. The present work revealed the potential application of algal biomass for the removal of various heavy metals from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmi R
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Milad-E-Sherif Memorial (MSM) College, Kayamkulam, Kerala, India
| | - T S Rejiniemon
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, AJ College of Science and Technology, Thonnakal, Trivandrum, India
| | - Rengasamy Sathya
- Department of Microbiology, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Tamil Nadu, 613 403, India
| | - Palaniselvam Kuppusamy
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Fahd A Al-Mekhlafi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A Wadaan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - P Rajendran
- Kanyakumari Field Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kanyakumari, 629702, Tamilnadu, India.
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Zhang L, Hong X, Yan S, Zha J. Environmentally relevant concentrations of fenvalerate induces immunotoxicity and reduces pathogen resistance in Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156347. [PMID: 35671856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fenvalerate is a broadly used type II pyrethroid with a potential toxic effect in fish. However, information on the immunotoxicity of fenvalerate in fish is scarce. Here, to discover the immunotoxicity of fenvalerate and its underlying mechanism in fish, adult Chinese rare minnow was exposed to fenvalerate at 0, 0.3, 1, and 3 μg/L for 28 days and then subjected to Pseudomonas fluorescens (P. fluorescens) challenge. Fenvalerate induced significant pathological changes, with disintegration of cell boundaries in the intestine, epithelial hyperplasia in gills, and vacuolation of hepatocytes at 3 μg/L treatment. Additionally, the pathological characteristics were more serious during P. fluorescens infection after fenvalerate exposure. A significant increase in neutrophil counts was observed after 3 μg/L fenvalerate exposure for 28 days (p < 0.05), whereas significantly increased monocyte and neutrophil counts and greatly decreased lymphocyte counts were detected at 24 h post-injection (hpi) with P. fluorescens (p < 0.05). Furthermore, obvious decreases in LYS, IgM, ALP, and C3 levels were detected in plasma after 3 μg/L fenvalerate exposure for 28 days, which was consistent with the results at 24 and 48 hpi. Notably, fish exposed to fenvalerate suppressed the transcription of TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway-relevant genes in response to P. fluorescens, accompanied by high mortalities and bacterial loads. Therefore, our results demonstrate that fenvalerate at environmentally relevant concentrations caused immunotoxicity in fish. This study highlights the importance of considering the combined effects of chemicals and pathogens to refine our ability to predict the effects of environmental contaminants on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangsheng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Saihong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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15
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Ecotoxicological Effects of Pesticides on Hematological Parameters and Oxidative Enzymes in Freshwater Catfish, Mystus keletius. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hematological parameters and changes in stress-induced functionalities of cellular enzymes have been recognized as valuable tools for monitoring fish health and determining the toxic effects of pesticides. The present study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effect of selected pesticides viz., Ekalux (EC-25%), Impala (EC-55%), and Neemstar (EC-15%) on freshwater catfish Mystus keletius. Fish were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (mg/L) of the selected pesticide for a period of 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Hematological parameters viz., total erythrocyte (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht) packed cell volume values decreased with an increase in exposure time to pesticides, whereas the values for parameters viz., leucocytes (WBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) increased significantly. A decrease in packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin values coupled with decreased and deformed erythrocytes as signs of anemia were also observed. The effect of pesticides on RBC content was 1.43 (million/mm3) on day 7 and reduced to 1.18 (million/mm3) on days 14 and 21. A similar trend was found for Impala on RBC, which had an initial value of 1.36 (million/mm3) on day 7 and reached a value of 1.10 (million/mm3) on day 28. In contrast, the value of Neemstar decreased from 1.59 (million/mm3) on day 7 in control to 1.02 (million/mm3) on day 28. Data indicates that the order of toxic effect of pesticides recorded a maximum for Impala followed by Ekalux and Neemstar in the selected fish model. Likewise, the overall pattern of pesticidal activity on cellular enzymes (GDH, MDH, and SDH) recorded a maximum toxic effect for Impala followed by Ekalux and Neemstar. Results indicate that Chlorpyrifos pesticide-Impala evoked maximum toxic effect on selected tissues compared to the other two pesticides tested. Statistical analysis of the summative data using two way ANOVA was statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). The differences in the hematological parameters analyzed are attributed to the physiological acclimatization of the fish to the local conditions, which influences the energy metabolism and consequently determines the health status of the fish. Overall, Impala exhibited the highest pesticidal activity on cellular enzyme, followed by Ekalux and Neemstar. Results suggest that natural pesticides may be preferable for rice field application in terms of environmental safety.
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Telahigue K, Rabeh I, Mhadhbi L, Nechi S, Chelbi E, Ben Ali M, Hedfi A, Al-Harbi MS, Hajji T. Glyphosate exposure modulates lipid composition, histo-architecture and oxidative stress status and induces neurotoxicity in the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 184:105099. [PMID: 35715038 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most sprayed pesticide across the globe. Its toxicity to non-target marine organisms has recently piqued the scientific community's interest. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the potentially toxic effects of glyphosate on scallops, an ecologically and economically important bivalve group. To do that, specimens of the smooth scallop Flexopecten glaber were exposed to different concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 μg L-1) of the technical-grade glyphosate acid (GLY) for 96 h. The detrimental effects of this pollutant were assayed at cellular and tissular levels. The obtained results showed that the GLY was able to induce oxidative stress in the gills and the digestive gland of F. glaber as revealed by the enhanced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), protein carbonyls (PCO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid peroxides (LOOH) levels and the altered antioxidant defense system (the glutathione GSH content and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity). Additionally, GLY was found to alter the fatty acid profile, to exert a neurotoxic effect through the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and to provoke several histopathological damages in the two organs studied. The obtained results revealed that the pure form of GLY may exert toxic effects on F. glaber even at relatively low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Telahigue
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Rabeh
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Mhadhbi
- Lab. of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR18ES41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Nechi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri hospital, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Emna Chelbi
- Anatomy and Cytology Service, CHU Mohamed Taher Maamouri hospital, University Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amor Hedfi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Al-Harbi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Hajji
- Lab. Of Biotechnology and Valorization fo Bio-GeResources (LR11ES31), Higher Institute of Biotechnology - Sidi Thabet, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, University Manouba, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
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17
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Zhao L, Jin J, Zhu W, Zuo Y, Song Y. Detection of Pyrethroids in Food by Immunofluorescence Enhanced Method Based on Three-Layer Core-Shell Structure Upconversion Materials. Foods 2022; 11:foods11070990. [PMID: 35407077 PMCID: PMC8997537 DOI: 10.3390/foods11070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel rare earth upconversion nanomaterial with a three-layer sandwich core-shell structure was synthesized by an improved thermal decomposition method, and the morphology, fluorescence intensity and diffraction peak position of the new material were characterized by TEM (transmission electron microscope), XRD (Powder X-ray diffraction)and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The inert core/active shell/inert shell design improved the upconversion luminous efficiency of the new material several times. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy)characterization showed that the surface of activated upconversion nanoparticles was modified with silicon shell and amino group. Combined with the characteristics that aminoated polystyrene magnetic microspheres could be separated by the magnetic field, an upconversion magnetic separation immunoassay method for the detection of pyrethroid pesticide residues was established. The capture probe competed with the pyrethroid standard, combined the signal probe, and measured the fluorescence signal value formed by the capture probe signal probe complex at 542 nm under 980 nm excitation light. The LOD (limit of detection)of fenpropathrin was 0.01 μg/L, cypermethrin was 0.015 μg/L, and fenvalerate was 0.011 μg/L. Through the actual sample detection of apple, cabbage and other samples, the recovery rate of pyrethroids was between 83.4~97.8%. The comparison with the HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography)detection results showed that the established method had good accuracy, and could realize the quantitative analysis of pyrethroids in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; (L.Z.); (J.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jingyi Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; (L.Z.); (J.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; (L.Z.); (J.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yuehua Zuo
- Technical Center for Safety of Industrial Products of Tianjin Customs District, Tianjin 300308, China;
| | - Yang Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; (L.Z.); (J.J.); (W.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-22-23765561
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Assessment of the effect of sub-lethal acute toxicity of Emamectin benzoate in Labeo rohita using multiple biomarker approach. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:102-110. [PMID: 35036329 PMCID: PMC8749126 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is a potent neurotoxin agent, widely used for ectoparasites control in aquaculture, but their detailed toxicological implications in Labeo rohita are unknown. Thus, this study was conceptualized to determine the LC50 and to investigate the effects of two sub-lethal concentrations 1/50th of 96 h LC50 (1.82 μgL-1) and 1/10thof 96 h LC50 (9.1 μgL-1) on hemato-immunological and biochemical responses in L. rohita (mean weight 25.54 ± 2.3 g and length 10.35 ± 2.4 cm) for a period of 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. LC50 of EMB were 163 μgL-1, 112 μgL-1, 99 μgL-1 and 91 μgL-1 at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h respectively. The safe limit at 96 h LC50 of EMB was 2.30 μgL-1. In EMB treated fish, red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit counts were reduced (p < 0.05) significantly. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver and kidney declined (p < 0.05) at 72 h while in gill and muscle the activity increased significantly. Glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activity in the liver, gill, and kidney increased (p < 0.05) while muscle decreased significantly. Catalase (CAT) activity in liver, gill, and muscle decreased while in kidney increases. Glutamic-oxaloacetic acid transaminase (GOT) activity and Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activity were increased in liver, kidney, and muscle tissue. The change in serum triglycerides, serum protein level was noticed. The level of cortisol, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and HSP90 increased (p < 0.05) while the immunological responses like immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement 3(C3) activity decreased (p < 0.05) in EMB exposed fish. Thus, EMB exposure at two sub-lethal concentrations in L. rohita induces several hemato-immuno, and biochemical alterations in blood, serum, and different organs. The overall result of the present study indicated that EMB is toxic to fish even for a short-term exposure and low doses, and therefore utmost caution should be taken to prevent their drainage into water bodies.
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Fidelis M, Granato D. Technological applications of phenolic-rich extracts for the development of non-dairy foods and beverages. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 98:101-123. [PMID: 34507640 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and other vegetables are sources of bioactive compounds, especially carotenoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. With the focus on sustainability, these compounds' recovery has become a research trend in the last 20 years. However, the correct use of solvents and the steps required to assess the extracts' suitability to be added in food models have been poorly described. Thus, in this review, we attempt to show the pathways and provide guidance on the tailored-made use of solvents for recovering bioactive polyphenolic compounds from food matrices. Special attention is given to the toxicological safety of polyphenol-rich extracts and also their impacts on bioactivity and sensory acceptance of foods and beverages. Practical examples are described and commented on the applications of polyphenol-rich extracts in non-dairy foods and beverages. In summary, the alliance among food science, food technologies, biochemistry, and pharmacology are required to make the development of non-dairy polyphenol-rich foods feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fidelis
- Food Processing and Quality, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Parrino V, De Marco G, Minutoli R, Lo Paro G, Giannetto A, Cappello T, De Plano LM, Cecchini S, Fazio F. Effects of pesticides on Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827) evaluated by enzymatic activities along the north eastern Sicilian coastlines (Italy). EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2021.1905090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Parrino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G. De Marco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - R. Minutoli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - G. Lo Paro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - A. Giannetto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - T. Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - L. M. De Plano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S. Cecchini
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - F. Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Messina, Italy
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21
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Yousefi M, Adineh H, Reverter M, Khademi Hamidi M, Vatnikov YA, Kulikov EV, Hoseinifar SH, Van Doan H. Protective effects of black seed (Nigella sativa) diet supplementation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) against immune depression, oxidative stress and metabolism dysfunction induced by glyphosate. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 109:12-19. [PMID: 33285165 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable aquaculture arises as key to increase food production in the coming years. However, the sector still faces many challenges such as the exposure of the cultured animals to pesticide-contaminated water. Pesticides used in agriculture can reach aquaculture systems either directly (integrated-agriculture aquaculture practices) or indirectly (soil leakage) and cause a broad range of ecotoxicological effects on cultured fish and shellfish. Here, we studied how glyphosate affects several haematological, biochemical, and immune parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings, the fourth most important cultured fish species worldwide. We also evaluated the potential of dietary supplementation with black seed (Nigella sativa, 0.25, 0.5 and 1%) to lower glyphosate-associated toxicity. Our results showed that 14-day sub-lethal exposure of common carp fingerlings to glyphosate increases oxidative stress, decreases antioxidant defences, affects several metabolic pathways, and induced immune depression. Furthermore, we showed that fish fed with N. sativa-enriched diets at 0.25, 0.5 and 1% for 60 days coped better with glyphosate exposure than control fish and displayed more stable levels of biochemical serum parameters (total protein, albumin, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein LDL), cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein HDL), higher levels of immune defences (lysozyme and immunoglobulin) and higher antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione peroxidase GPx) than control fish. Fish fed with all enriched diets also displayed lower lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde MDA), lower metabolic enzymes (alanine aminotransferase ALT, aspartate aminotransferase AST and alkaline phosphatase ALP) levels in blood serum and lower cortisol levels than control fish. Altogether, our results show that dietary inclusion of black seed can be used as a sustainable bio-remediation strategy, mitigating many of the negative effects of glyphosate exposure in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Hossein Adineh
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
| | - Miriam Reverter
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Mohammad Khademi Hamidi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
| | - Yury Anatolyevich Vatnikov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny Vladimirovich Kulikov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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22
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Chabera J, Stara A, Kubec J, Buric M, Zuskova E, Kouba A, Velisek J. The effect of chronic exposure to chloridazon and its degradation product chloridazon-desphenyl on signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111645. [PMID: 33396165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of chloridazon (Ch) and its metabolite chloridazon-desphenyl (Ch-D) at the environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.45 µg/L and 2.7 µg/L on signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus were assessed in a 30-day exposure followed by a 15-day depuration period. Locomotion, biochemical haemolymph profile, oxidative and antioxidant parameters, and histopathology were evaluated. Crayfish exposed to Ch at 0.45 µg/L and 2.7 µg/L showed significantly (p < 0.01) higher CAT activity and GSH level in hepatopancreas and gill compared to controls. The concentration of Ch at 2.7 µg/L was associated with significantly (p < 0.01) higher levels of GLU, LACT, ALT, AST in haemolymph compared to controls. Chloridazon-desphenyl exposure at both tested concentrations caused significantly higher (p < 0.01) GLU, LACT, ALT, AST, NH3, and Ca in haemolymph; lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels in hepatopancreas; and CAT activity and GSH level in hepatopancreas and gill. Alterations of structure including focal dilatation of tubules, increased number of fibrillar cells, and haemocyte infiltration in the interstitium were observed with 2.7 µg/L Ch and with both Ch-D exposures. Locomotion patterns did not vary significantly among groups. A 15-day recovery period was insufficient to restore normal physiological parameters in exposed groups. Chloridazon and its metabolite Ch-D exerts harmful effects on crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Chabera
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Alzbeta Stara
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kubec
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Buric
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Zuskova
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Kouba
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Velisek
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic.
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23
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Amri A, Kessabi K, Bouraoui Z, Sakli S, Gharred T, Guerbej H, Messaoudi I, Jebali J. Effect of melatonin and folic acid supplementation on the growth performance, antioxidant status, and liver histology of the farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) under standard rearing conditions. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:2265-2280. [PMID: 32978696 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00879-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary of melatonin (MLT) and folic acid (FA) administrations on growth performance, antioxidant status, and liver histological structure of juvenile gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata L. under standard rearing conditions. Four diets were considered: a basal diet considered a control and three diets supplemented with 40 mg/kg of melatonin (MLT), 2 mg/kg of folic acid (FA), and with the mixture of melatonin and folic acid (MLT + FA). Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish (mean initial weight was 2.99 ± 0.55 g) for 41 days. The obtained results clearly indicated that the melatonin-supplemented diet decreased significantly the growth performance parameters (final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate) and IGF-1 level of the gilthead sea bream, while the folic acid-supplemented diet has no significant effect on these parameters. The mixture supplementation of melatonin and folic acid has no significant effect on the growth parameters due to the possible interaction between melatonin and folic acid effects. Furthermore, fish fed with all experimental diets showed significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and protein sulfhydryl level (PSH) and lower lipid peroxidation level (TBARS) and catalase activity (CAT) which confirm their powerful antioxidant role. The acetylcholinesterase activity (ACHE) decreased in fish fed with all experimental diets. The underlying mechanisms of driving melatonin and folic acid to reduce acetylcholinesterase activity require further studies. The histological structure of liver of control S. aurata fish shows severe hepatic lipid accumulation in large vacuoles that diminished after dietary individual or mixture folic acid and melatonin supplementations over 41 days. This work proved that 2 mg/kg of dietary folic acid has a positive effect on the growth performance, oxidative stress defense, and hepatic lipid accumulation reduction in the gilthead sea bream fish. Under our experimental conditions, melatonin failed to improve the growth indexes WGR, SGR, and IGF-I. This study recommends the diet supplementation with a dose lower than 2 mg/kg of food due to the observed effects on tissue ACHE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Amri
- Laboratory of Genetics Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haded Street, B.P. n 74, 5000, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Kaouthar Kessabi
- Laboratory of Genetics Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haded Street, B.P. n 74, 5000, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zied Bouraoui
- National Institute of Sciences and Technologies of the Sea, Laboratory of Blue Biotechnology and Aquatic Bioproducts, 1002, Monastir, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Sakli
- Laboratory of Genetics Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haded Street, B.P. n 74, 5000, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Tahar Gharred
- Research Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology & Valorization (LR 14ES06), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Guerbej
- National Institute of Sciences and Technologies of the Sea, Laboratory of Blue Biotechnology and Aquatic Bioproducts, 1002, Monastir, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- Laboratory of Genetics Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haded Street, B.P. n 74, 5000, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jamel Jebali
- Laboratory of Genetics Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR11ES41), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tahar Haded Street, B.P. n 74, 5000, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
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