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Srikanth B, Subrahmanyam D, Sanjeeva Rao D, Narender Reddy S, Supriya K, Raghuveer Rao P, Surekha K, Sundaram RM, Neeraja CN. Promising physiological traits associated with nitrogen use efficiency in rice under reduced N application. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1268739. [PMID: 38053767 PMCID: PMC10694615 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1268739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Higher grain yield in high-yielding rice varieties is mostly driven by nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied in abundant amounts leading to increased production cost and environmental pollution. This has fueled the studies on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) to decrease the N fertilizer application in rice to the possible extent. NUE is a complex physiological trait controlled by multiple genes, but yet to be completely deciphered in rice. With an objective of identifying the promising physiological traits associated with NUE in rice, the performance of 14 rice genotypes was assessed at N0, N50, N100, and N150 for four (two wet and two dry) seasons using agro-morphological, grain yield, flag leaf traits, photosynthetic pigment content, flag leaf gas exchange traits, and chlorophyll fluorescence traits. Furthermore, the data were used to derive various NUE indices to identify the most appropriate indices useful to screen rice genotypes at N50. Results indicate that with the increase in N application, cumulative grain yield increased significantly up to N100 (5.02 t ha-1); however, the increment in grain yield was marginal at N150 (5.09 t ha-1). The mean reduction of grain yield was only 26.66% at N50 ranging from 15.0% to 34.2%. The significant finding of the study is the identification of flag leaf chlorophyll fluorescence traits (Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR, and qP) and Ci associated with grain yield under N50, which can be used to screen N use efficient genotypes in rice under reduced N application. Out of nine NUE indices assessed, NUpE, NUtE, and NUEyield were able to delineate the high-yielding genotypes at N50 and were useful to screen rice under reduced N conditions. Birupa emerged as one of the high yielders under N50, even though it is a moderate yielder at N100 and infers the possibility of cultivating some of the released rice varieties under reduced N inputs. The study indicates the possibility of the existence of promising genetic variability for grain yield under reduced N, the potential of flag leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, and gas exchange traits as physiological markers and best suitable NUE indices to be deployed in rice breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bathula Srikanth
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
- Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Sadu Narender Reddy
- Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kallakuri Supriya
- Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Kuchi Surekha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
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Shi X, Hao X, Khan A, Li N, Li J, Shi F, Tian Y, Nepal J, Wang J, Luo H. Increase in cotton yield through improved leaf physiological functioning under the soil condition of reduced chemical fertilization compensated by the enhanced organic liquid fertilization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1225939. [PMID: 37719208 PMCID: PMC10502217 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1225939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Low agricultural nutrient input efficiency remains a significant impediment for crop production globally. To address this issue in cotton agroecosystems, there is a need to develop sustainable crop nutrient management strategies to achieve high crop yields. We hypothesized that organic liquid fertilizer (OF) combined with reduced chemical fertilizer (CF) would enhance cotton yield by improving leaf functioning and soil properties. However, the underlying mechanism and its related process is poorly understood. Methods This study explored the effects of OF combined with reduced CF on cotton yield, physiology and soil properties. Treatments included a single application of CF (CF: N, P2O5 and K2O applied at 228, 131 and 95 kg ha-1) and combined applications of OF and CF (OF0.6-OF1.4) in the following ratios: OF0.6, OF+60% CF; OF0.8, OF+80% CF; OF1.0, OF+100% CF; OF1.2, OF+120% CF; OF1.4, OF+140% CF. Results and discussion The result showed that compared with CF, OF0.8, OF1.0 and OF1.2 increased soil organic matter (SOM) content by 9.9%, 16.3% and 23.7%, respectively. Compared with CF, the OF0.6, OF0.8, OF1.0, and OF1.2 treatments increased leaf area (LA) by 10.6-26.1%, chlorophyll content (Chl content) by 6.8-39.6%, and the efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) light energy (Y(II)), electron transfer rate of PSII (ETR) and photochemical quenching (qP) by 3.6-26.3%, 4.7-15.3% and 4.3-9.8%, respectively. The OF0.8 treatment increased net photosynthetic rate (P n), stomatal conductance (G s) and transpiration rate (E) by 22.0%, 27.4% and 26.8%, respectively, resulting in higher seed cotton yield. The seed cotton yield and economic coefficient were positively correlated with P n, E, G s and Y(II) from the full boll stage to the boll opening stage. In summary, the OF0.8 treatment can maintain a high SOM content and photosynthetic performance with reduced chemical fertilizer input without sacrificing yield. The integration of OF+80% CF (OF0.8) is a promising nutrient management strategy for highly efficient cotton production under mulch drip irrigation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco−Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xianzhe Hao
- Soil and Water Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Aziz Khan
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco−Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco−Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco−Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco−Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco−Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jaya Nepal
- Department of Soil, Water and Ecosystem Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences The University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS), Fort Pierce, FL, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Soil and Water Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Honghai Luo
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco−Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Hashem MA, Hasan M, Hasan MA, Sahen MS, Payel S, Mizan A, Nur-A-Tomal MS. Composting of limed fleshings generated in a tannery: sustainable waste management. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:39029-39041. [PMID: 36595172 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In tanneries, limed fleshing is an unavoidable waste generated in beamhouse operation. Proper management of limed fleshing with protein, fat, lime, and sulfide will help to protect the natural environment and at least reduce the pollution that ends up in it. In this study, excluding any pretreatment, limed fleshing is used for compost production. Chopped and mixed limed fleshing with chicken manure, cow dung, and sawdust was heaped onto a horizontal bamboo frame. Three composting heaps were fabricated weighing 720, 700, and 760 kg. The turning of composting materials in the heaps causes temperature changes in the thermophilic range. The thermophilic temperatures in these heaps were 69.07 °C (heap 1), 69.9 °C (heap 2), and 69.19 °C (heap 3) which ensured the death of the pathogenic organism. The quality of compost was assessed based on the nutrients-nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) content. NPKS in the compost fulfils the requirements of the investigated materials as compost. The largest amounts of metals- zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) of the compost detected in the heaps were, respectively, 200.3, 37.4, 20.3, 12.0, and 3.9 mg/kg. Cadmium (Cd) in the compost was below the detection limit. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs show the decomposing of composting materials. This study indicates that limed fleshing can be converted into nutrient-enriched compost without any pretreatment. Using an easy, simple, and adaptable technique could reduce the volume of solid waste generated in the tannery to reduce environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abul Hashem
- Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anik Hasan
- Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahariar Sahen
- Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Sofia Payel
- Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Al Mizan
- Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahruk Nur-A-Tomal
- Department of Leather Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
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Nasar J, Wang GY, Zhou FJ, Gitari H, Zhou XB, Tabl KM, Hasan ME, Ali H, Waqas MM, Ali I, Jahan MS. Nitrogen fertilization coupled with foliar application of iron and molybdenum improves shade tolerance of soybean under maize-soybean intercropping. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1014640. [PMID: 36267939 PMCID: PMC9577300 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1014640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Maize-soybean intercropping is practiced worldwide because of some of the anticipated advantages such as high crop yield and better utilization of resources (i.e., water, light, nutrients and land). However, the shade of the maize crop has a detrimental effect on the growth and yield of soybean under the maize-soybean intercropping system. Hence, this experiment was conducted to improve the shade tolerance of such soybean crops with optimal nitrogen (N) fertilization combined with foliar application of iron (Fe) and molybdenum (Mo). The treatments comprised five (5) maize-soybean intercropping practices: without fertilizer application (F0), with N fertilizer application (F1), with N fertilizer combined with foliar application of Fe (F2), with N fertilizer coupled with foliar application of Mo (F3) and with N fertilizer combined with foliar application of Fe and Mo (F4). The findings of this study showed that maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment had significantly (p< 0.05) increased growth indices such as leaf area (cm2), plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), stem strength (g pot-1), and internode length (cm) and yield indices (i.e., No of pods plant-1, grain yield (g plant-1), 100-grain weight (g), and biomass dry matter (g plant-1)) of the soybean crop. Moreover, intercropping under F4 treatment enhanced the chlorophyll SPAD values by 26% and photosynthetic activities such as Pn by 30%, gs by 28%, and Tr by 28% of the soybean crops, but reduced its CO2 by 11%. Furthermore, maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment showed improved efficiency of leaf chlorophyll florescence parameters of soybean crops such as Fv/Fm (26%), qp (17%), ϕPSII (20%), and ETR (17%), but reduced NPQ (12%). In addition, the rubisco activity and soluble protein content of the soybean crop increased by 18% in maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment. Thus, this suggested that intercropping under optimal N fertilization combined with foliar application of Fe and Mo can improve the shade tolerance of soybean crops by regulating their chlorophyll content, photosynthetic activities, and the associated enzymes, thereby enhancing their yield and yield traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Nasar
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Gui Yang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Feng Jue Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Harun Gitari
- Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Enterprise Development, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Xun Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Karim M. Tabl
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hasan
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Habib Ali
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim, Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Waqas
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim, Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Izhar Ali
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agro-products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Mohammad Shah Jahan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Nasar J, Wang GY, Ahmad S, Muhammad I, Zeeshan M, Gitari H, Adnan M, Fahad S, Khalid MHB, Zhou XB, Abdelsalam NR, Ahmed GA, Hasan ME. Nitrogen fertilization coupled with iron foliar application improves the photosynthetic characteristics, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, and the related enzymes of maize crops under different planting patterns. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:988055. [PMID: 36119633 PMCID: PMC9478416 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.988055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic rate (Pn) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) are the two important factors affecting the photosynthesis and nutrient utilization of plant leaves. However, the effect of N fertilization combined with foliar application of Fe on the Pn and PNUE of the maize crops under different planting patterns (i.e., monocropping and intercropping) is elusive. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to determine the effect of N fertilization combined with foliar application of Fe on the photosynthetic characteristics, PNUE, and the associated enzymes of the maize crops under different planting patterns. The results of this study showed that under intercropping, maize treated with N fertilizer combined with foliar application of Fe had not only significantly (p < 0.05) improved physio-agronomic indices but also higher chlorophyll content, better photosynthetic characteristics, and related leaf traits. In addition, the same crops under such treatments had increased photosynthetic enzyme activity (i.e., rubisco activity) and nitrogen metabolism enzymes activities, such as nitrate reductase (NR activity), nitrite reductase (NiR activity), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT activity). Consequently, intercropping enhanced the PNUE and soluble sugar content of the maize crops, thus increasing its yield compared with monocropping. Thus, these findings suggest that intercropping under optimal N fertilizer application combined with Fe foliation can improve the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics of maize crops by regulating the associated enzymatic activities. Consequently, this results in enhanced PNUE, which eventually leads to better growth and higher yield in the intercropping system. Thus, practicing intercropping under optimal nutrient management (i.e., N and Fe) could be crucial for better growth and yield, and efficient nitrogen use efficiency of maize crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Nasar
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Gui-Yang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ihsan Muhammad
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Harun Gitari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | | | - Xun-Bo Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Ahmed
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hasan
- Bioinformitics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Bukhari MA, Yousaf M, Ahmad Z, Rafay M, Shah AN, Abbas A, Shah AA, Javed T, Afzal M, Ali S, Abdullah MIB. Enhancing drought stress tolerance in Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) through exogenous application of potassium. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13779. [PMID: 36087099 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study was performed under controlled conditions to study the effects of exogenous potassium application on carotenoid contents and drought tolerance in Camelina. Water deficit levels such as 100% FC (control) and 40% FC (drought stress) were imposed after germination of Camelina plants grown to maturity, and different treatments of exogenous K+ were applied at the vegetative stage. We have reported 17 traits of plant growth, physiology, antioxidant enzyme activity, focusing on carotenoids in Camelina to explore their potential yield and yield components. For this purpose, we used multivariate analysis techniques (descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, analysis of variance [ANOVA] and principal components analysis [PCA] to determine the best relation between potassium and studied traits). The results showed a large number of variations in the studied trait under control and water deficit condition. Plant fresh weight (g) was negatively correlated with shoot length and SOD insignificantly correlated with plant fresh weight (g) under water deficit conditions. Potassium loading predicted that foliar application (3 mM K2 SO4 ), foliar application (6 mM KNO3 ), foliar application (12 mM KNO3 ) and foliar application (12 mM K2 SO4 ) are the important doses that contribute the most to enhance the growth, physiological and biochemical activities and carotenoids to improve the Camelina yield under water deficit condition. These doses should be considered in the future to improve the Camelina yield under semi-arid conditions with increased genetic diversity (varietal selection).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Bukhari
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Zahoor Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Group of Colleges Bahawalpur, University Campus, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rafay
- Department of Forestry Range and Wildlife Management, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asad Abbas
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, Plant Production, Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arab, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sikandar Ali
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Department of Irrigation and Drainage, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mustafa I B Abdullah
- Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Department Agricultural Botany, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Trehalose: a promising osmo-protectant against salinity stress-physiological and molecular mechanisms and future prospective. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11255-11271. [PMID: 35802276 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the leading threats to crop growth and productivity across the globe. Salt stress induces serious alterations in plant physiological, metabolic, biochemical functioning and it also disturbs antioxidant activities, cellular membranes, photosynthetic performance, nutrient uptake and plant water uptake and resulting in a significant reduction in growth and production. The application of osmoprotectants is considered as an important strategy to induce salt tolerance in plants. Trehalose (Tre) has emerged an excellent osmolyte to induce salinity tolerance and it got considerable attention in recent times. Under salinity stress, Tre helps to maintain the membrane integrity, and improves plant water relations, nutrient uptake and reduces the electrolyte leakage and lipid per-oxidation. Tre also improves gas exchange characteristics, protects the photosynthetic apparatus from salinity induced oxidative damages and brings ultra-structure changes in the plant body to induce salinity tolerance. Moreover, Tre also improves antioxidant activities and expression of stress responsive proteins and genes and confers salt tolerance in plants. Additionally, Tre is also involved in signaling association with signaling molecules and phytohormones and resultantly improved the plant performance under salt stress. Thus, it is interesting to understand the role of Tre in mediating the salinity tolerance in plants. Therefore, in this review we have summarized the different physiological and molecular roles of Tre to induce salt tolerance in plants. Moreover, we have also provided the information on Tre cross-talk with various osmolytes and hormones, and its role in stress responsive genes and antioxidant activities. Lastly, we also shed light on research gaps that need to be addressed in future studies. Therefore, this review will help the scientists to learn more about the Tre in changing climate conditions and it will also provide new insights to insights that could be used to develop salinity tolerance in plants.
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Gheith EMS, El-Badry OZ, Lamlom SF, Ali HM, Siddiqui MH, Ghareeb RY, El-Sheikh MH, Jebril J, Abdelsalam NR, Kandil EE. Maize ( Zea mays L.) Productivity and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Response to Nitrogen Application Levels and Time. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:941343. [PMID: 35845674 PMCID: PMC9284315 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.941343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) as affected by nitrogen application levels and timing were studied. The experimental design was a three-replication randomized complete block design (RCBD). The first factor was nitrogen levels (122, 240, 288 and 336 kg N/ha) and the second factor was nitrogen timing (50% of N at sowing and 50% of N before the first irrigation; T1, 50% of N at sowing and 50% of N before the second irrigation; T2 and 50% of N before the first irrigation and 50% of N before the second irrigation; T3). Results indicated that plant height, ear length, kernel weight, number of grains/rows, number of grains/ear and grain yields all increased significantly as nitrogen levels increased and the level of 336 kg N/ha significantly exhibiting the highest values in both seasons. In terms of nitrogen application time, maize yield parameters such as plant height, ear length, kernel weight/ear, number of grains/rows, number of grains/ear and grain yield were significantly affected by nitrogen timing, with the highest values obtained at T3 while the lowest values obtained at T1 in both seasons. The interaction had a significant impact on plant height and grain yield/ha, with the tallest plants, the highest yields and its components observed at 336 kg N/ha, with 50% of N applied during the first irrigation and 50% of N applied during the second. Furthermore, under the study conditions, NUE decreased dramatically as nitrogen levels increased and increased significantly as nitrogen application time changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. S. Gheith
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ola Z. El-Badry
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Y. Ghareeb
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. El-Sheikh
- Plant Production Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jebril Jebril
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Essam E. Kandil
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Wahid MA, Irshad M, Irshad S, Khan S, Hasnain Z, Ibrar D, Khan AR, Saleem MF, Bashir S, Alotaibi SS, Matloob A, Farooq N, Ismail MS, Cheema MA. Nitrogenous Fertilizer Coated With Zinc Improves the Productivity and Grain Quality of Rice Grown Under Anaerobic Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:914653. [PMID: 35837462 PMCID: PMC9274167 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.914653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An ample quantity of water and sufficient nutrients are required for economical rice production to meet the challenges of ever-increasing food demand. Currently, slow-release nitrogenous fertilizers for efficient inputs utilization and maximum economic yield of field crops are in the limelight for researchers and farmers. In this study, we evaluated the comparative efficacy of conventional urea and coated urea (zinc and neem) on rice grown under aerobic and anaerobic regimes in greenhouse conditions. For the aerobic regime, field capacity was maintained at 80-100% to keep the soil aerated. On the other hand, for the anaerobic regime, pots were covered with a polythene sheet throughout the experimentation to create flooded conditions. All forms of urea, conventional and coated (zinc and neem), improved plant growth, gas exchange, yield, yield contributing parameters, and quality characteristics of rice crop. However, better performance in all attributes was found in the case of zinc-coated urea. Gas exchange attributes (photosynthetic rate, 30%, and stomatal conductance 24%), yield parameters like plant height (29%), tillers per plant (38%), spikelets per spike (31%), grains per panicle (42%), total biomass (53%), and grain yield (45%) were recorded to be maximum in rice plants treated with zinc-coated urea. The highest grain and straw nitrogen contents, grain protein contents, and grain water absorption ratio were also found in plants with zinc-coated urea applications. In irrigation practices, the anaerobic regime was found to be more responsive compared to the aerobic regime regarding rice growth, productivity, and quality traits. Thus, to enhance the productivity and quality of rice grown in anaerobic conditions, zinc-coated urea is best suited as it is more responsive when compared to other forms of urea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Irshad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Irshad
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zuhair Hasnain
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Danish Ibrar
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Afroz Rais Khan
- Department of Botany, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta, Pakistan
| | | | - Saqib Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amar Matloob
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Mumtaz Akhtar Cheema
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, Canada
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10
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Kumar R, Pareek NK, Kumar U, Javed T, Al-Huqail AA, Rathore VS, Nangia V, Choudhary A, Nanda G, Ali HM, Siddiqui MH, Youesf AF, Telesiński A, Kalaji HM. Coupling Effects of Nitrogen and Irrigation Levels on Growth Attributes, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Economics of Cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:890181. [PMID: 35651778 PMCID: PMC9149569 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.890181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fertilization plays a pivotal role in physiomorphological attributes and yield formation of field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), but little is known of its interaction with irrigation levels. Therefore, this study was conducted with an objective of evaluating the impact of irrigation and nitrogen levels on growth attributes and nitrogen use efficiency of Bt cotton (Gossypium spp.) in the hot arid region. The experiment consisted of a factorial arrangement of three irrigation levels (200, 400, and 600 mm) and four nitrogen rates (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg ha-1) in a split-plot design with three replications. Nitrogen fertilization and irrigation levels influenced cotton growth attributes and yield. The highest leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, and relative growth rate were achieved at 225 kg N ha-1 and irrigation level 600 mm as compared to other experimental treatments. Similarly, nitrogen uptake and content by seed, lint, and stalk and total nitrogen uptake recorded maximum at 225 kg N ha-1 and irrigation level 600 mm. Interestingly, the treatment of 600 mm of irrigation and 150 kg N ha-1 displayed significant increase in nitrogen use efficiency indices such as agronomic efficiency of nitrogen (AEN) and recovery efficiency of nitrogen (REN), while partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) and internal nitrogen use efficiency (iNUE) were significantly higher with application of 600 mm of irrigation and nitrogen application rate of 75 kg ha-1. Application of 600 mm of irrigation along with 225 kg N ha-1 resulted in significant increase in gross return, net return, and B:C ratio than any other treatment combinations. So, application of 600 mm of irrigation along with 225 kg N ha-1 could be recommended for achieving higher growth and yield, as well as profitability of Bt cotton under hot arid region and similar agroecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), Bikaner, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Pareek
- College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), Bikaner, India
| | - Uttam Kumar
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma A. Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Vinay Nangia
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Gangadhar Nanda
- Animal Production Research Institute, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, India
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed F. Youesf
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
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11
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Ibrahim IAE, Yehia WMB, Saleh FH, Lamlom SF, Ghareeb RY, El-Banna AAA, Abdelsalam NR. Impact of Plant Spacing and Nitrogen Rates on Growth Characteristics and Yield Attributes of Egyptian Cotton ( Gossypium barbadense L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:916734. [PMID: 35646020 PMCID: PMC9135022 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.916734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This current study was performed to determine the influences of plant spacing, Nitrogen (N) fertilization rate and their effect, on growth traits, yield, and yield components of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) cv. Giza 97 during the 2019 and 2020 seasons. A split plot experiment in three replicates was utilized whereas the cotton seeds were planted at 20, 30, and 40 cm, as main plots and nitrogen at 75, 100, and 125%, was in subplots. The results revealed that the planting spacing at 40 cm significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased plant height, number of fruiting branches per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight (BW), lint percentage (L%), seed cotton yield (SCY), lint cotton yield (LCY), seed index and lint index by 165.68 cm, 20.92, 23.93, 3.75 g, 42.01%, 4.24 ton/ha, 5.16 ton/ha, 12.05, 7.86, respectively, as average in both seasons. The application of N fertilizer rate at 125% caused a maximum increase in growth and yield parameters i.e., plant height (169.08 cm), number of vegetative branches (2.67), number of fruiting branches per plant (20.82), number bolls per fruiting branch (1.39), number of bolls per plant (23.73), boll weight (4.1 g), lint percent (41.9%), seed index (11.8 g), and lint index (8.2), while the plants treated with 100% N rates exhibited highest seed cotton yield (4.3 ton/ha) and lint cotton yield (5.6 ton/ha), as average in both seasons. Combining plant spacing at 40 cm between plants with a 100% N fertilizer rate recorded the highest lint cotton yield (5.67 ton/ha), while the highest seed cotton yield (4.43 and 4.50 ton/ha) was obtained from 125% N fertilizer rate under planting spacing 20 and 40 cm, respectively. Conclusively, a wide density (40 cm) with 125% N is a promising option for improved biomass, cotton growth, yield, physiological traits, and fiber quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A. E. Ibrahim
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Fouad H. Saleh
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rehab Y. Ghareeb
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Aly A. A. El-Banna
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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12
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Javed T, I I, Singhal RK, Shabbir R, Shah AN, Kumar P, Jinger D, Dharmappa PM, Shad MA, Saha D, Anuragi H, Adamski R, Siuta D. Recent Advances in Agronomic and Physio-Molecular Approaches for Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crop Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:877544. [PMID: 35574130 PMCID: PMC9106419 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.877544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency with which plants use nutrients to create biomass and/or grain is determined by the interaction of environmental and plant intrinsic factors. The major macronutrients, especially nitrogen (N), limit plant growth and development (1.5-2% of dry biomass) and have a direct impact on global food supply, fertilizer demand, and concern with environmental health. In the present time, the global consumption of N fertilizer is nearly 120 MT (million tons), and the N efficiency ranges from 25 to 50% of applied N. The dynamic range of ideal internal N concentrations is extremely large, necessitating stringent management to ensure that its requirements are met across various categories of developmental and environmental situations. Furthermore, approximately 60 percent of arable land is mineral deficient and/or mineral toxic around the world. The use of chemical fertilizers adds to the cost of production for the farmers and also increases environmental pollution. Therefore, the present study focused on the advancement in fertilizer approaches, comprising the use of biochar, zeolite, and customized nano and bio-fertilizers which had shown to be effective in improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) with lower soil degradation. Consequently, adopting precision farming, crop modeling, and the use of remote sensing technologies such as chlorophyll meters, leaf color charts, etc. assist in reducing the application of N fertilizer. This study also discussed the role of crucial plant attributes such as root structure architecture in improving the uptake and transport of N efficiency. The crosstalk of N with other soil nutrients plays a crucial role in nutrient homeostasis, which is also discussed thoroughly in this analysis. At the end, this review highlights the more efficient and accurate molecular strategies and techniques such as N transporters, transgenes, and omics, which are opening up intriguing possibilities for the detailed investigation of the molecular components that contribute to nitrogen utilization efficiency, thus expanding our knowledge of plant nutrition for future global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Indu I
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singhal
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, India
| | - Rubab Shabbir
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Seed Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner, India
| | - Dinesh Jinger
- Research Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Anand, India
| | - Prathibha M. Dharmappa
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Munsif Ali Shad
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Debanjana Saha
- Centurion University of Technology and Management, Jatni, India
| | - Hirdayesh Anuragi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)- Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi, India
| | - Robert Adamski
- Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Łódź University of Technology, Łódź, Poland
| | - Dorota Siuta
- Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Łódź University of Technology, Łódź, Poland
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13
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Hao K, Fei L, Liu L, Jie F, Peng Y, Liu X, Khan SA, Wang D, Wang X. Comprehensive Evaluation on the Yield, Quality, and Water-Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Mountain Apple Under Surge-Root Irrigation in the Loess Plateau Based on the Improved TOPSIS Method. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:853546. [PMID: 35449894 PMCID: PMC9018000 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.853546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to know the controlling effects of water and nitrogen coupling on the yield, quality, and water-nitrogen utilization effectiveness of mountain apples under surge-root irrigation in the Loess Plateau. In order to optimize the water and nitrogen irrigation systems of superior quality and high yield, 7 years was selected for the mountain apple test material. The trial was designed with four tiers of irrigation, i.e., full irrigation (FI: 85-100% θ f , where θ f is the field capacity), light deficit irrigation (DIL: 70-85% θ f ), moderate deficit irrigation (DIM: 55-70% θ f ), and severe deficit irrigation (DIS: 40-55% θ f ) and three tiers of nitrogen, i.e., high nitrogen (NH: 600 kg ha-1), medium nitrogen (NM: 400 kg ha-1), and low nitrogen (NL: 200 kg ha-1). The subjective weight attained by the analytic hierarchy methods and the objective weight achieved by the enhanced coefficient of variation method were examined to find the comprehensive weight based on the notion of game hypothesis. Then, the weighted technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) process was utilized to comprehensively assess the yield, quality, and water-nitrogen use efficiency of the apples, and a binary quadratic regression model was created between the comprehensive evaluation index and water-nitrogen inputs. The results showed that the effects of irrigation and nitrogen levels on the fruit yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), total water use efficiency (TWUE), nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP), and quality of mountain apples were significant (P < 0.05). The apple yield and TWUE first improved and then diminished with an escalating quantity of water-nitrogen inputs, the IWUE diminished with a boost in the irrigation quantity, the NPFP dwindled when the nitrogen amount was increased. The best water and nitrogen inputs for apple yield, quality, or water-nitrogen use efficiency were dissimilar. The best comprehensive evaluation index was DILNM treatment, and the worst comprehensive evaluation index was DISNL treatment, based on the TOPSIS system. The interval of irrigation and nitrogen attained from the mathematic model ranged in 95-115 mm and 470-575 kg ha-1, respectively. The outcome of this study may perhaps offer a theoretical basis for the scientific research of surge-root irrigation and the managing of mountain apple tree irrigation and fertilization in the Loess Plateau, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Liangjun Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Feilong Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Youliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Sher Aslam Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Dong Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiukang Wang
- College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
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14
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Deng J, Harrison MT, Liu K, Ye J, Xiong X, Fahad S, Huang L, Tian X, Zhang Y. Integrated Crop Management Practices Improve Grain Yield and Resource Use Efficiency of Super Hybrid Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:851562. [PMID: 35432400 PMCID: PMC9007698 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.851562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Super hybrid rice genotypes have transformed the rate of genetic yield gain primarily due to intersubspecific heterosis, although the physiological basis underpinning this yield transformation has not been well quantified. We assessed the radiation use efficiency (RUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of novel hybrid rice genotypes under four management practices representative of rice cropping systems in China. Y-liangyou 900 (YLY900), a new super hybrid rice widely adopted in China, was examined in field experiments conducted in Jingzhou and Suizhou, Hubei Province, China, from 2017 to 2020. Four management practices were conducted: nil fertilizer (CK), conventional farmer practice (FP), optimized cultivation with reduced nitrogen (OPT-N), and optimized cultivation with increased nitrogen (OPT+N). Yield differences across the treatment regimens were significant (p < 0.05). Grain yield of OPT+N in Jingzhou and Suizhou were 11 and 12 t ha-1, which was 14 and 27% greater than yields obtained under OPT-N and FP, respectively. Relative to OPT-N and FP, OPT+N had greater panicle numbers (9 and 18%), spikelets per panicle (7 and 12%), spikelets per unit area (17 and 32%), and total dry weight (9 and 19%). The average RUE of OPT+N was 2.7 g MJ-1, which was 5 and 9% greater than that of OPT-N and FP, respectively, due to higher intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR). The agronomic efficiency of applied N (AEN) of OPT+N was 17 kg grain kg-1 N, which was 9 and 68% higher than that of OPT-N and FP. These results show that close correlations exist between yield and both the panicles number (R 2 = 0.91) and spikelets per panicle (R 2 = 0.83) in OPT+N. We conclude that grain yields of OPT+N were associated with greater IPAR, RUE, and total dry matter. We suggest that integrated cropping systems management practices are conducive to higher grain yield and resource use efficiency through expansion of sink potential in super hybrid rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Deng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Matthew Tom Harrison
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, Australia
| | - Ke Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, Australia
| | - Jiayu Ye
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Liying Huang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaohai Tian
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yunbo Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Yang R, Liu K, Harrison MT, Fahad S, Wang Z, Zhou M, Wang X. How Does Crop Rotation Influence Soil Moisture, Mineral Nitrogen, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:854731. [PMID: 35371116 PMCID: PMC8970276 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.854731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice-wheat (RW) cropping systems are integral to global food security. Despite being practiced for decades, Chinese RW cropping systems often suffer from low productivity and poor nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), reflecting management approaches that are not well-contextualized to region and season. Here, we develop the best management guides for N fertilizer in RW systems that are designed to help raise the productivity, NUE, and environmental sustainability of winter wheat over the long term. 2-year field experiments were conducted with four N fertilizer rates (0, 135, 180, and 225 kg N ha-1), allowing contrasts of yields, soil moisture, and NUE of wheat in RW in the humid climates zones on the Jianghan Plain. We compared RW systems with soybean/maize dryland wheat (DW) systems that are similarly endemic to China: after soybean/maize is harvested, soils are often drier compared with moisture content following rice harvest. With high seasonal N application rates (180-225 kg N ha-1), wheat crop yields increased by 24% in RW which were greater than comparable yields of wheat in DW, mainly due to greater kernels per spike in the former. Across treatments and years, N accumulation in plant tissue and kernel dry matter of DW was higher than that in RW, although mean agronomic efficiency of nitrogen (AEN) and physiological efficiency of nitrogen (PEN) of RW systems were greater. As N application rates increased from 135 to 225 kg ha-1, AEN and PEN of DW decreased but changed little for RW. Soil ammonium N was much lower than that of nitrate N; changes in NH4 + and NO3 - as a consequence of increasing N fertilization were similar for RW and DW. We recommend that tactical application of N fertilizer continue seasonally until midgrain filling for both the DW and RW systems. At fertilization rates above 180 kg N ha-1, yield responses disappeared but nitrate leaching increased significantly, suggesting declining environmental sustainability above this N ceiling threshold. Collectively, this study elicits many functional and agronomic trade-offs between yields, NUE, and environmental sustainability as a function of N fertilization. Our results show that yield and NUE responses measured as part of crop rotations are both more robust and more variable when derived over multiple seasons, management conditions, and sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, Australia
| | - Matthew Tom Harrison
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, Australia
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Zhuangzhi Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, Australia
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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16
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Shah AN, Javed T, Singhal RK, Shabbir R, Wang D, Hussain S, Anuragi H, Jinger D, Pandey H, Abdelsalam NR, Ghareeb RY, Jaremko M. Nitrogen use efficiency in cotton: Challenges and opportunities against environmental constraints. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:970339. [PMID: 36072312 PMCID: PMC9443504 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.970339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is a vital nutrient for agricultural, and a defieciency of it causes stagnate cotton growth and yield penalty. Farmers rely heavily on N over-application to boost cotton output, which can result in decreased lint yield, quality, and N use efficiency (NUE). Therefore, improving NUE in cotton is most crucial for reducing environmental nitrate pollution and increasing farm profitability. Well-defined management practices, such as the type of sources, N-rate, application time, application method, crop growth stages, and genotypes, have a notable impact on NUE. Different N formulations, such as slow and controlled released fertilizers, have been shown to improve N uptake and, NUE. Increasing N rates are said to boost cotton yield, although high rates may potentially impair the yield depending on the soil and environmental conditions. This study comprehensively reviews various factors including agronomic and environmental constraints that influence N uptake, transport, accumulation, and ultimately NUE in cotton. Furthermore, we explore several agronomic and molecular approaches to enhance efficiency for better N uptake and utilization in cotton. Finally, this objective of this review to highlight a comprehensive view on enhancement of NUE in cotton and could be useful for understanding the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanism of N in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Adnan Noor Shah,
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Rubab Shabbir
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Depeng Wang
- College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong, China
- Depeng Wang,
| | - Sadam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hirdayesh Anuragi
- ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Jinger
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rehab Y. Ghareeb
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Science Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Wang J, Hussain S, Sun X, Zhang P, Javed T, Dessoky ES, Ren X, Chen X. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate Under Straw Incorporation on Photosynthesis, Productivity and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Winter Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862088. [PMID: 35371129 PMCID: PMC8966908 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing a nitrogen fertilizer (N) reduction method under straw incorporation is essentially important for increasing wheat productivity in terms of improved fertilizer use efficiency and high yield in semiarid areas. A two-year field experiment, with five different nitrogen application rates: control (without N application, N0), low N (75 kg ha-1, N75), medium N (150 kg ha-1, N150), high N (225 kg ha-1, N225) and excessive N (300 kg ha-1, N300), was conducted in 2018 and 2019 to quantify their impacts on the photosynthetic characteristics, nitrogen utilization (in terms of N accumulation, distribution and transportation, and residual soil NO3 --N) and productivity of winter wheat. There was a significant impact of N rates on photosynthetic traits, and N accumulation in different organs. As compared with the N300, N150, and N225 improved the photosynthetic characteristics, increased N accumulation in grains by 5.55 and 10.97%, the N contribution proportion of that accumulated after anthesis by 67.90 and 115.56%, and reduced residual N by 62.50 and 46.48%, respectively, thereby effectively improved N absorption efficiency and N contribution rates. Grain yield remained slightly or unchanged among N treatments. Although N0 and N75 treatments reduced the nitrate-N leaching but caused a significant reduction of 18.13 and 28.37%, respectively, in grain yield. From these results, we conclude that N application at 150 and 225 kg⋅ha-1 under straw incorporation was the most effective fertilization method in achieving the higher photosynthetic characteristics, improving NUE and grain yield. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for wheat production techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage in Northwest Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture, Yangling, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sadam Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage in Northwest Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture, Yangling, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xu Sun
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage in Northwest Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture, Yangling, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage in Northwest Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture, Yangling, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Talha Javed
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Xiaolong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage in Northwest Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture, Yangling, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaolong Ren,
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage in Northwest Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture, Yangling, China
- Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Xiaoli Chen,
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18
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Huang P, Shen F, Abbas A, Wang H, Du Y, Du D, Hussain S, Javed T, Alamri S. Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms and Competitive Treatments on the Growth and Antioxidant System of Wedelia trilobata and Wedelia chinensis Under High Nitrogen Concentrations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:851099. [PMID: 35401616 PMCID: PMC8988914 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.851099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the essential nutrients for plant growth. Appropriate application of N can improve the N use efficiency (NUE) and significantly promote plants' growth. However, under N toxic conditions, the relationship between the growth and antioxidant system of invasive plants under different N forms and competitive treatments is not fully understood. Therefore, in this study, the performance of invasive species Wedelia trilobata and its native species Wedelia chinensis was evaluated under two sets of N forms and ratios, namely, NH4 +-N(AN)/NO3 --N(NN) = 2:1 and NH4 +-N(AN)/NO3 --N(NN) = 1:2 along with two intraspecific and interspecific competitions under without N and high N level of 15 g N⋅m-2 year-1, respectively. Data regarding the growth indices, antioxidant enzyme activities, including peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline contents were determined. Results showed that for competitive treatments, growth status was better for interspecific competition than intraspecific competition. The plant biomass of W. trilobata was significantly higher than that of W. chinensis. N significantly promoted the plants' growth in terms of leaf area and biomass yield, and the antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly increased under a high N treatment than that of the control. Among N forms/ratios, ammonium N (AN)/nitrate N (NN) = 2:1 significantly enhanced the enzyme activity, particularly in W. trilobata. Furthermore, for intraspecific competition, MDA contents of W. trilobata were significantly decreased compared to that of W. chinensis. In conclusion, our results showed that W. trilobata adapted well under competitive conditions through better growth and antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Ping Huang,
| | - Fangyuan Shen
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Adeel Abbas
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yizhou Du
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Computer Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daolin Du
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Daolin Du,
| | - Sadam Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Talha Javed
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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