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Takano Y, Ibata R, Machida N, Okajima I. Nonrestorative sleep and its association with insomnia severity, sleep debt, and social jetlag in adults: Variations in relevant factors among age groups. Sleep Med 2024; 121:203-209. [PMID: 39002329 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonrestorative sleep (NRS) is unrefreshing sleep that is harmful to mental and physical health. Although few studies have reported the relationship between NRS and sleep problems, none have evaluated this relationship by age group. This study aimed to determine whether NRS could be associated with insomnia severity, sleep debt, and social jetlag and whether this relationship would vary with age. METHODS The 1592 participants were allocated into age groups: 18-25 years (n = 317), 26-40 years (n = 405), 41-65 years (n = 454), and >65 years (n = 416). The study used Restorative Sleep Questionnaire to assess NRS, Athens Insomnia Scale to assess insomnia severity, Sleep Debt Index to assess sleep debt, and the absolute difference in midpoints of sleep between weekdays and days off to assess social jetlag. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between NRS and sleep problems. In the 18-25-year group, insomnia severity, sleep debt of ≥2 h, and social jetlag of ≥2 h; in the 26-40-year group, insomnia severity and sleep debt of ≥2 h; in the 41-65-year group, insomnia severity and sleep debt of ≥2 h; and in the >65-year group, insomnia severity were significantly associated with NRS. CONCLUSION NRS was associated with insomnia severity in all age groups, with sleep debt in the young and working-age groups and social jetlag in the young age group. Different approaches to improving the NRS are required for different age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Takano
- Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Somnology Center, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Rui Ibata
- Sapporo Mental and Physical Health Clinic, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naho Machida
- Osaka Counseling Center Bellflower, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isa Okajima
- Department of Psychological Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Decker JE, Morales KH, Fair MA, Vallecorsa G, Subramanyam S, Fiks AG, Mayne S, Williamson AA, Mitchell JA. Classifying intervention components used in sleep duration interventions for children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 78:101995. [PMID: 39216182 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) is a three-phase iterative framework that could accelerate the development of behavioral interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted within the MOST preparation phase and aimed to classify components included in pediatric sleep duration interventions, using the Behavior Change Technique (BCT) Taxonomy. Across 37 interventions, 46 out of 93 BCTs have been used, with an average of 8 techniques used per study. The most common BCTs used were instruction on how to perform the behavior (N = 29; code 4.1), practical social support (N = 22; code: 3.2), and behavioral practice/rehearsal (N = 22; code: 8.1). A latent class analysis identified two classes of interventions, distinguished by the presence of BCTs falling within the following behavior change groups: shaping knowledge, natural consequences, comparison of behavior, and repetition and substitution. Our meta-analysis revealed that interventions belonging to the latent class with these behavior change groups (N = 15) had a pooled positive intervention effect of 14 min (95 % CI: 8-21) versus 8 min (95 % CI: 1-15) for interventions without these behavior change groups (N = 19). This systematic review and meta-analysis will enhance the development of sleep promotion interventions and guide the selection of candidate intervention components for future optimization and randomized control trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Decker
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Knashawn H Morales
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maddy A Fair
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giuliana Vallecorsa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sanjana Subramanyam
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander G Fiks
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie Mayne
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariel A Williamson
- The Ballmer Institute for Children's Behavioral Health, University of Oregon, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Jonathan A Mitchell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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3
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Wilson SMB, Sparks KV, Cline A, Draper SB, Jones MI, Parker JK. Behavioral interventions and behavior change techniques used to improve sleep outcomes in athlete populations: A scoping review. Behav Sleep Med 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38965766 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2024.2374257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Athletes display a high prevalence of undesired sleep characteristics that may affect both performance and wellbeing. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aimed to identify and map the existing evidence of behavioral sleep interventions and their effects on sleep outcomes in athletes, and retrospectively code the behavior change techniques (BCTs) implemented using the Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (BCTTv1). METHODS Conducted following the JBI methodology for scoping reviews, four online databases were used to identify prospective interventions with at least one behavioral component in competitive athletes, and reporting a sleep outcome pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 892 participants with a median age of 23. Five intervention categories were identified (education, mind-body practices, direct, multi-component, and other), with each demonstrating mixed efficacy but the potential to improve sleep outcomes. The BCTs varied in type and frequency between each category, with only 18 unique BCTs identified across all studies. CONCLUSIONS The varied efficacy of previous studies at improving sleep outcomes may be attributed to the lack of behavior change theory applied during intervention development. Designing interventions following a targeted specification of the behavioral problem, and the integration of corresponding BCTs should be considered in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katherine V Sparks
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Staffordshire University, Stoke-On-Trent, UK
| | - Alice Cline
- Public Health Wales, National Health Service Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Martin I Jones
- Department of Sport, Hartpury University, Gloucester, UK
| | - John K Parker
- Department of Sport, Hartpury University, Gloucester, UK
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4
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Chandler MC, Ellison OK, McGowan AL, Fenn KM, Pontifex MB. Physical activity and sleep moderate the relationship between stress and screen time in college-aged adults. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1401-1411. [PMID: 35613432 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2077110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For undergraduate students, excessive screen time is associated with poorer mental health and greater perceived stress. Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the potential moderating influence of physical activity and sleep on the relationship between screen time and stress. Participants & Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 513 undergraduate students between Fall 2017 & Spring 2020 were given a questionnaire to assess perceived stress level, physical activity engagement, screen time, and sleep. Results: Stepwise hierarchical regression analyses identified that screen time, sleep, and the three-way interaction between screen time, sleep, and physical activity were associated with stress. Post-hoc decomposition revealed that higher levels of physical activity and sleep both mitigated the relationship between screen time and stress. Conclusions: Findings suggest that modifiable health behaviors such as physical activity and sleep may be important factors for managing the negative effects of screen time on stress in college-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison C Chandler
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Oksana K Ellison
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Amanda L McGowan
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimberly M Fenn
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Matthew B Pontifex
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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5
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Irish LA, Bottera AR, Manasse SM, Christensen Pacella KA, Schaefer LM. The Integration of Sleep Research Into Eating Disorders Research: Recommendations and Best Practices. Int J Eat Disord 2024. [PMID: 38937938 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbance is common among individuals with eating disorders (EDs), with approximately 50% of patients with EDs reporting sleep disturbance. Sleep problems may promote, exacerbate, or maintain ED symptoms through a variety of hypothesized mechanisms, such as impaired executive function, increased negative affect, and disruptions to appetitive rhythms. Although research investigating the role of sleep in EDs is growing, the current literature suffers from methodological limitations and inconsistencies, which reduce our ability to translate findings to improve clinical practice. The purpose of this forum is to propose a coordinated approach to more seamlessly integrate sleep research into ED research with particular emphasis on best practices in the definition and assessment of sleep characteristics. METHODS In this article, we will describe the current status of sleep-related research and relevant gaps within ED research practices, define key sleep characteristics, and review common assessment strategies for these sleep characteristics. Throughout the forum, we also discuss study design considerations and recommendations for future research aiming to integrate sleep research into ED research. RESULTS/DISCUSSION Given the potential role of sleep in ED maintenance and treatment, it is important to build upon preliminary findings using a rigorous and systematic approach. Moving forward as a field necessitates a common lens through which future research on sleep and EDs may be conducted, communicated, and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Irish
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
- Sanford Research, Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | | | - Stephanie M Manasse
- Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychological Brain Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Lauren M Schaefer
- Sanford Research, Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
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6
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Wright ID, Jensen CD, Duraccio KM. Predictors of adherence to a brief sleep extension protocol in emerging adults. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:442-447. [PMID: 38578604 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined how mental health symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress) and baseline sleep characteristics (i.e., sleep quality and levels of daytime sleepiness) predicted adherence to and initial success of a brief sleep extension research protocol in emerging adults. METHODS 184 emerging adults (ages 18-25; M = 20.96, SD = 2.04) were asked to extend their nightly sleep opportunity to 8 hr for 1 week and to anchor bedtime and waketime. Sleep outcomes (adherence and initial protocol success) were tracked using actigraphy. Baseline sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using self-report questionnaires. RESULTS Poorer baseline sleep quality predicted better adherence to the protocol (p = .002). Other baseline sleep characteristics and mental health were not predictive of adherence (ps>.50). Lower levels of baseline daytime sleepiness approached significance in predicting greater initial protocol success following the protocol (p = .05). Baseline sleep quality and mental health did not predict initial protocol success (ps > 0.34). CONCLUSIONS Mental health symptoms did not significantly predict adherence to or the success of a sleep extension protocol. Surprisingly, individuals with poor baseline sleep quality were more likely to adhere to the extension protocol, perhaps suggesting heightened motivation for change or increased risk for sleep problems. This research provides valuable insight into factors that predict adherence to sleep extension protocols in emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella D Wright
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Chad D Jensen
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Kara M Duraccio
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
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7
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Allison KC, Parnarouskis L, Moore MD, Minnick AM. Insomnia, Short Sleep, and Their Treatments: Review of Their Associations with Weight. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:203-213. [PMID: 38776004 PMCID: PMC11150288 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Insomnia and short sleep have been linked with weight gain and obesity. However, these findings have not been consistent across studies. We review recent evidence for the association between insomnia, short sleep, and weight gain, as well as the relationship between behavioral and pharmacological treatments for sleep and weight. RECENT FINDINGS The relationship between insomnia and obesity is mixed, with stronger associations between insomnia with short sleep and obesity than other presentations of insomnia. Short sleep is associated with weight gain. Z-drugs and benzodiazapines do not appear to impact weight, but many antidepressants and antipsychotics that are used for insomnia treatment do cause weight gain. The relationships between insomnia and short sleep with weight gain and obesity are inconsistent. More prospective trials are needed to identify mediators and moderators of this relationship to better develop and deliver effective interventions for both sleep and weight problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C Allison
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3309, USA.
| | - Lindsey Parnarouskis
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3309, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Molly D Moore
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3309, USA
| | - Alyssa M Minnick
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3309, USA
- InBody BWA, Audubon, PA, 19403, USA
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8
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Yan X, Han F, Wang H, Li Z, Kawachi I, Li X. Years of life lost due to insufficient sleep and associated economic burden in China from 2010-18. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04076. [PMID: 38574358 PMCID: PMC10994670 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Research on the health and economic costs due to insufficient sleep remains scant in developing countries. In this study we aimed to estimate the years of life lost (YLLs) due to short sleep and quantify its economic burden in China. Methods We estimated both individual and aggregate YLLs due to short sleep (ie, ≤6 hours) among Chinese adults aged 20 years or older by sex and five-year age groups in 2010, 2014, and 2018. YLL estimates were derived from 1) the prevalence of short sleep using three survey waves of the China Family Panel Studies, 2) relative mortality risks from meta-analyses, and 3) life tables in China. YLL was the difference between the estimated life expectancy of an individual in the short sleep category vs in the recommended sleep category. We estimated the economic cost using the human capital approach. Results The sample sizes of the three survey waves were 31 393, 31 207, and 28 618. Younger age groups and men had more YLLs due to short sleep compared to their counterparts. For individuals aged 20-24, men had an average YLL of nearly 0.95, in contrast to the approximate 0.75 in women across the observed years of 2010, 2014, and 2018. The trend in individual YLLs remained consistent over these years. In aggregate, China experienced a rise from 66.75 million YLLs in 2010 to 95.29 million YLLs in 2014, and to 115.05 million YLLs in 2018. Compared to 2010 (USD 191.83 billion), the associated economic cost in 2014 increased to USD 422.24 billion, and the cost in 2018 more than tripled (USD 628.15 billion). The percentage of cost to Chinese gross domestic product in corresponding years was 3.23, 4.09, and 4.62%. Conclusions Insufficient sleep is associated with substantial YLLs in China, potentially impacting the population's overall life expectancy. The escalating economic toll attributed to short sleep underscores the urgent need for public health interventions to improve sleep health at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumeng Yan
- Department of Sociology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fang Han
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Beijing University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Department of Sociology and Aging Studies Institute, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Zhihui Li
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Sociology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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9
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Duraccio KM, Kamhout S, Baron KG, Reutrakul S, Depner CM. Sleep extension and cardiometabolic health: what it is, possible mechanisms and real-world applications. J Physiol 2024:10.1113/JP284911. [PMID: 38268197 PMCID: PMC11266528 DOI: 10.1113/jp284911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Short sleep duration is associated with heightened cardiometabolic disease risk and has reached epidemic proportions among children, adolescents and adults. Potential mechanisms underlying this association are complex and multifaceted, including disturbances in circadian timing, food intake and appetitive hormones, brain regions linked to control of hedonic eating, physical activity, an altered microbiome and impaired insulin sensitivity. Sleep extension, or increasing total sleep duration, is an emerging and ecologically relevant intervention with significant potential to advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the association between short sleep duration and the risk of cardiometabolic disease. If effective, sleep extension interventions have potential to improve cardiometabolic health across the lifespan. Existing data show that sleep extension is feasible and might have potential cardiometabolic health benefits, although there are limitations that the field must overcome. Notably, most existing studies are short term (2-8 weeks), use different sleep extension strategies, analyse a wide array of cardiometabolic health outcomes in different populations and, frequently, lack adequate statistical power, thus limiting robust scientific conclusions. Overcoming these limitations will require fully powered, randomized studies conducted in people with habitual short sleep duration and existing cardiometabolic risk factors. Additionally, randomized controlled trials comparing different sleep extension strategies are essential to determine the most effective interventions. Ongoing and future research should focus on elucidating the potential cardiometabolic health benefits of sleep extension. Such studies have high potential to generate crucial knowledge with potential to improve health and quality of life for those struggling with short sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara M. Duraccio
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Sarah Kamhout
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Kelly G. Baron
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112, USA
| | - Sirimon Reutrakul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine; and Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christopher M. Depner
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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10
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Windred DP, Burns AC, Lane JM, Saxena R, Rutter MK, Cain SW, Phillips AJK. Sleep regularity is a stronger predictor of mortality risk than sleep duration: A prospective cohort study. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad253. [PMID: 37738616 PMCID: PMC10782501 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormally short and long sleep are associated with premature mortality, and achieving optimal sleep duration has been the focus of sleep health guidelines. Emerging research demonstrates that sleep regularity, the day-to-day consistency of sleep-wake timing, can be a stronger predictor for some health outcomes than sleep duration. The role of sleep regularity in mortality, however, has not been investigated in a large cohort with objective data. We therefore aimed to compare how sleep regularity and duration predicted risk for all-cause and cause-specific mortality. We calculated Sleep Regularity Index (SRI) scores from > 10 million hours of accelerometer data in 60 977 UK Biobank participants (62.8 ± 7.8 years, 55.0% female, median[IQR] SRI: 81.0[73.8-86.3]). Mortality was reported up to 7.8 years after accelerometer recording in 1859 participants (4.84 deaths per 1000 person-years, mean (±SD) follow-up of 6.30 ± 0.83 years). Higher sleep regularity was associated with a 20%-48% lower risk of all-cause mortality (p < .001 to p = 0.004), a 16%-39% lower risk of cancer mortality (p < 0.001 to p = 0.017), and a 22%-57% lower risk of cardiometabolic mortality (p < 0.001 to p = 0.048), across the top four SRI quintiles compared to the least regular quintile. Results were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health factors. Sleep regularity was a stronger predictor of all-cause mortality than sleep duration, by comparing equivalent mortality models, and by comparing nested SRI-mortality models with and without sleep duration (p = 0.14-0.20). These findings indicate that sleep regularity is an important predictor of mortality risk and is a stronger predictor than sleep duration. Sleep regularity may be a simple, effective target for improving general health and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Windred
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Angus C Burns
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Sean W Cain
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J K Phillips
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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11
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Mirmira RG, Kulkarni RN, Xu P, Drossos T, Varady K, Knutson KL, Reutrakul S, Martyn-Nemeth P, Sargis RM, Wallia A, Tuchman AM, Weissberg-Benchell J, Danielson KK, Oakes SA, Thomas CC, Layden BT, May SC, Burbea Hoffmann M, Gatta E, Solway J, Philipson LH. Stress and human health in diabetes: A report from the 19 th Chicago Biomedical Consortium symposium. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e263. [PMID: 38229904 PMCID: PMC10790105 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress and diabetes coexist in a vicious cycle. Different types of stress lead to diabetes, while diabetes itself is a major life stressor. This was the focus of the Chicago Biomedical Consortium's 19th annual symposium, "Stress and Human Health: Diabetes," in November 2022. There, researchers primarily from the Chicago area met to explore how different sources of stress - from the cells to the community - impact diabetes outcomes. Presenters discussed the consequences of stress arising from mutant proteins, obesity, sleep disturbances, environmental pollutants, COVID-19, and racial and socioeconomic disparities. This symposium showcased the latest diabetes research and highlighted promising new treatment approaches for mitigating stress in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra G. Mirmira
- Department of Medicine, Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rohit N. Kulkarni
- Department of Medicine, Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pingwen Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tina Drossos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Krista Varady
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kristen L. Knutson
- Department of Neurology, Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sirimon Reutrakul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pamela Martyn-Nemeth
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, University of Illinois Chicago College of Nursing, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert M. Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amisha Wallia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Jill Weissberg-Benchell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kirstie K. Danielson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Scott A. Oakes
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Celeste C. Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah C. May
- Department of Medicine, Kovler Diabetes Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Julian Solway
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Louis H. Philipson
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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12
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Tan C, Wang J, Yin J, Cao G, Qiu J. The effect of short-term cranial electrotherapy stimulation on sleep quality in athletes: A pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34725. [PMID: 37657007 PMCID: PMC10476715 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To verify the effect of a 5-day cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) intervention on sleep quality in professional athletes. METHODS 25 professional athletes with poor sleep quality participated in the study. Athletes belonging to the CES group (12 athletes) received a 5-day CES intervention, and those in the control group did not receive any intervention. Objectively and subjected assessed sleep quality was measured 1 week before and after the intervention using an Actigraphy activity recorder, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). RESULTS Objectively measured sleep efficiency increased after CES intervention (P = .013), while the difference between the pretest and posttest of the control group was not significant. For total sleep time (TST), the main effects and interaction were not significant. However, the analysis on wake after sleep onset showed wake after sleep onset decreased after CES intervention (P = .015). No significant interaction was found in subjectively assessed sleep quality but only revealed an improvement in both groups. CONCLUSION The CES intervention of 30 minutes per day for 5 consecutive days enhanced objective sleep quality in athletes with sleep quality problems. The intervention increased sleep efficiency by lowering awake time after falling asleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Tan
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhao Wang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Guohuan Cao
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
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13
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Börnhorst C, Pigeot I, De Henauw S, Formisano A, Lissner L, Molnár D, Moreno LA, Tornaritis M, Veidebaum T, Vrijkotte T, Didelez V, Wolters M. The effects of hypothetical behavioral interventions on the 13-year incidence of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:100. [PMID: 37620898 PMCID: PMC10463721 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In view of the high burden of childhood overweight/obesity (OW/OB), it is important to identify targets for interventions that may have the greatest effects on preventing OW/OB in early life. Using methods of causal inference, we studied the effects of sustained behavioral interventions on the long-term risk of developing OW/OB based on a large European cohort. METHODS Our sample comprised 10 877 children aged 2 to < 10 years at baseline who participated in the well-phenotyped IDEFICS/I.Family cohort. Children were followed from 2007/08 to 2020/21. Applying the parametric g-formula, the 13-year risk of developing OW/OB was estimated under various sustained hypothetical interventions on physical activity, screen time, dietary intake and sleep duration. Interventions imposing adherence to recommendations (e.g. maximum 2 h/day screen time) as well as interventions 'shifting' the behavior by a specified amount (e.g. decreasing screen time by 30 min/day) were compared to 'no intervention' (i.e. maintaining the usual or so-called natural behavior). Separately, the effectiveness of these interventions in vulnerable groups was assessed. RESULTS The 13-year risk of developing OW/OB was 30.7% under no intervention and 25.4% when multiple interventions were imposed jointly. Meeting screen time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations were found to be most effective, reducing the incidence of OW/OB by -2.2 [-4.4;-0.7] and -2.1 [-3.7;-0.8] percentage points (risk difference [95% confidence interval]), respectively. Meeting sleep recommendations (-0.6 [-1.1;-0.3]) had a similar effect as increasing sleep duration by 30 min/day (-0.6 [-0.9;-0.3]). The most effective intervention in children of parents with low/medium educational level was being member in a sports club; for children of mothers with OW/OB, meeting screen time recommendations and membership in a sports club had the largest effects. CONCLUSIONS While the effects of single behavioral interventions sustained over 13 years were rather small, a joint intervention on multiple behaviors resulted in a relative reduction of the 13-year OW/OB risk by between 10 to 26%. Individually, meeting MVPA and screen time recommendations were most effective. Nevertheless, even under the joint intervention the absolute OW/OB risk remained at a high level of 25.4% suggesting that further strategies to better prevent OW/OB are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Börnhorst
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstr 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - I Pigeot
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstr 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Formisano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - L Lissner
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Tornaritis
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - T Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, Estonian Centre of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - T Vrijkotte
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Didelez
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstr 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - M Wolters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstr 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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14
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Gadam S, Pattinson CL, Rossa KR, Soleimanloo SS, Moore J, Begum T, Srinivasan AG, Smith SS. Interventions to increase sleep duration in young people: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 70:101807. [PMID: 37413721 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review explored the outcomes of current interventions to increase sleep duration in healthy young people (14-25 years). Nine databases were systematically searched, and 26 studies were included in this review. Quality assessment of the included studies was evaluated using two tools: the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, and Cochrane Risk of Bias. The interventions incorporated a range of strategies including behavioral (46.2%), educational (26.9%), a combination of behavioral and educational (15.4%), and other strategies such as physical therapy (11.5%). The findings indicate that behavioral and combination interventions were consistently effective in increasing sleep duration in healthy young people. Educational interventions alone were less effective at increasing young people's sleep duration. Of all the included studies, only one randomized control trial but none of the non-randomized trials were rated as good quality. Our findings suggest a combination of strategies with an emphasis on personalization of intervention could possibly maximize the chances of success at improving sleep duration in healthy young people. More high-quality studies with long-term assessments (≥ 6 months) should be conducted to test the efficacy and durability of interventions to increase sleep duration in young people, as well as the clinical implications to mental and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylistah Gadam
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course (the Life Course Centre), Australia.
| | - Cassandra L Pattinson
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course (the Life Course Centre), Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for the Digital Child, Australia
| | - Kalina R Rossa
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course (the Life Course Centre), Australia
| | - Shamsi Shekari Soleimanloo
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course (the Life Course Centre), Australia
| | - Jane Moore
- UQ Library, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Tahmina Begum
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course (the Life Course Centre), Australia
| | - Arvind Gnani Srinivasan
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course (the Life Course Centre), Australia
| | - Simon S Smith
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course (the Life Course Centre), Australia; The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for the Digital Child, Australia
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15
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Denton E, Naughton MT, Hew M. Sleep Duration, Inflammation, and Asthma Control: Important Bedfellows. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2023; 11:1211-1212. [PMID: 37030926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eve Denton
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | - Mark Hew
- Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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16
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Spiegel K, Rey AE, Cheylus A, Ayling K, Benedict C, Lange T, Prather AA, Taylor DJ, Irwin MR, Van Cauter E. A meta-analysis of the associations between insufficient sleep duration and antibody response to vaccination. Curr Biol 2023; 33:998-1005.e2. [PMID: 36917932 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is a major strategy to control a viral pandemic. Simple behavioral interventions that might boost vaccine responses have yet to be identified. We conducted meta-analyses to summarize the evidence linking the amount of sleep obtained in the days surrounding vaccination to antibody response in healthy adults. Authors of the included studies provided the information needed to accurately estimate the pooled effect size (ES) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and to examine sex differences.1,2,3,4,5,6,7 The association between self-reported short sleep (<6 h/night) and reduced vaccine response did not reach our pre-defined statistical significant criteria (total n = 504, ages 18-85; overall ES [95% CI] = 0.29 [-0.04, 0.63]). Objectively assessed short sleep was associated with a robust decrease in antibody response (total n = 304, ages 18-60; overall ES [95% CI] = 0.79 [0.40, 1.18]). In men, the pooled ES was large (overall ES [95% CI] = 0.93 [0.54, 1.33]), whereas it did not reach significance in women (overall ES [95% CI] = 0.42 [-0.49, 1.32]). These results provide evidence that insufficient sleep duration substantially decreases the response to anti-viral vaccination and suggests that achieving adequate amount of sleep during the days surrounding vaccination may enhance and prolong the humoral response. Large-scale well-controlled studies are urgently needed to define (1) the window of time around inoculation when optimizing sleep duration is most beneficial, (2) the causes of the sex disparity in the impact of sleep on the response, and (3) the amount of sleep needed to protect the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Spiegel
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR 5292, PAM Team, F-69500 Bron, France.
| | - Amandine E Rey
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR 5292, FORGETTING Team, F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Anne Cheylus
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR 5292, PAM Team, F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Kieran Ayling
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine, Applied Health Research Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Christian Benedict
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Molecular Neuropharmacology (Sleep Science Laboratory), Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tanja Lange
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aric A Prather
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Daniel J Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eve Van Cauter
- The Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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17
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Objective and Subjective Sleep Measures Are Related to Suicidal Ideation and Are Transdiagnostic Features of Major Depressive Disorder and Social Anxiety Disorder. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020288. [PMID: 36831831 PMCID: PMC9953840 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicide is a major public health problem and previous studies in major depression and anxiety show problematic sleep is a risk factor for suicidal ideation (SI). However, less is known about sleep and SI in social anxiety disorder (SAD), despite the pervasiveness of SAD. Therefore, the current study comprised participants with major depressive disorder (MDD) (without comorbid SAD) (n = 26) and participants with SAD (without comorbid MDD) (n = 41). Wrist actigraphy was used to estimate sleep duration, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency; sleep quality was evaluated with self-report. Self-report was also used to examine SI. These measures were submitted to independent t-tests and multiple regression analysis. t-test results revealed sleep and SI did not differ between MDD and SAD groups. Multiple regression results showed shorter sleep duration and worse sleep quality related to greater SI when taking symptom severity and age into account. Post-hoc partial correlational analysis showed these sleep-SI relationships remained significant after controlling for symptom severity and age. Preliminary findings indicate sleep and SI may be transdiagnostic features of MDD and SAD. Evidence of distinct sleep-SI relationships are consistent with previous reports showing that sleep difficulties contribute to SI. Altogether, improving sleep duration and sleep quality may reduce the risk of SI.
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18
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Wilson D, Driller MW, Johnston B, Gill ND. A Contactless App-Based Intervention to Improve Health Behaviors in Airline Pilots: A Randomized Trial. Am J Prev Med 2023; 64:666-676. [PMID: 36641335 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a need for enhanced preventive health care among airline pilots to mitigate the prevalence of cardiometabolic health risk factors. DESIGN A randomized, waitlist-controlled trial was utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone-based app intervention for improving health behaviors and cardiometabolic health parameters. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS A total of 186 airline pilots (aged 43.2±9.1 years; male, 64%) were recruited and participated in the trial during 2022. INTERVENTION This intervention was a personalized, 16-week smartphone-based app multicomponent physical activity, healthy eating, and sleep hygiene intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcome measures of objective health (Cooper's 12-minute exercise test, resting heart rate, push ups, plank isometric hold, body mass), subjective health (self-rated health, perceived psychological stress and fatigue), and health behaviors (weekly physical activity, sleep quality and duration, fruit and vegetable intake) were collected at baseline and after intervention. The waitlist control completed the same measures. RESULTS Significant interactions for time Χ group from baseline to 16 weeks were found for all outcome measures (p<0.001). Significant between-group differences for positive health changes in favor of the intervention group were found after intervention for all outcome measures (p<0.05, d=0.4-1.0) except for self-rated health, body mass, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score. CONCLUSIONS Study findings show that an app-based health behavior intervention can elicit positive cardiometabolic health changes among airline pilots over 16 weeks, associated with trivial to large effect sizes. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial protocol was prospectively registered at The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12622000288729).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wilson
- Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand; Faculty of Health, Education and Environment, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Tauranga, New Zealand.
| | - Matthew W Driller
- Sport and Exercise Science, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ben Johnston
- Aviation and Occupational Health Unit, Air New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas D Gill
- Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand; New Zealand Rugby, Wellington, New Zealand
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19
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Bellon F, Stremler R, Rubinat-Arnaldo E, Padilla-Martínez JM, Casado-Ramirez E, Sánchez-Ortuño M, Gea-Sánchez M, Martin-Vaquero Y, Moreno-Casbas T, Abad-Corpa E. Sleep quality among inpatients of Spanish public hospitals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21989. [PMID: 36539518 PMCID: PMC9764317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a complex process and is needed both in health and illness. Deprivation of sleep is known to have multiple negative physiological effects on people's bodies and minds. Despite the awareness of these harmful effects, previous studies have shown that sleep is poor among hospitalised patients. We utilized an observational design with 343 patients recruited from medical and surgical units in 12 hospitals located in nine Spanish regions. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients were collected. Sleep quality at admission and during hospitalisation was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep quantity was self-reported by patients in hours and minutes. Mean PSQI score before and during hospitalisation were respectively 8.62 ± 4.49 and 11.31 ± 4.04. Also, inpatients slept about an hour less during their hospital stay. Lower educational level, sedative medication intake, and multi-morbidity was shown to be associated with poorer sleep quality during hospitalisation. A higher level of habitual physical activity has shown to correlate positively with sleep quality in hospital. Our study showed poor sleep quality and quantity of inpatients and a drastic deterioration of sleep in hospital versus at home. These results may be helpful in drawing attention to patients' sleep in hospitals and encouraging interventions to improve sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Bellon
- grid.15043.330000 0001 2163 1432GESEC Group, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig, 25198 Lleida, Spain ,Healthcare Research Group (GRECS), Institute of Biomedical Research Lleida (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Robyn Stremler
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Esther Rubinat-Arnaldo
- grid.15043.330000 0001 2163 1432GESEC Group, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig, 25198 Lleida, Spain ,Healthcare Research Group (GRECS), Institute of Biomedical Research Lleida (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Center for Biomedical Research on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia M. Padilla-Martínez
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496University of Murcia-Murcia Health Service (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus Universitario, 1, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elvira Casado-Ramirez
- grid.512898.f0000 0004 0593 3686Nursing and Healthcare Research Unit (Investén-Isciii), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 5. Pabellón 13, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.512892.5Biomedical Research Center for Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Montserrat Gea-Sánchez
- grid.15043.330000 0001 2163 1432GESEC Group, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig, 25198 Lleida, Spain ,Healthcare Research Group (GRECS), Institute of Biomedical Research Lleida (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain ,grid.512892.5Biomedical Research Center for Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Martin-Vaquero
- Zamora Healthcare Complex, Zamora Health Care Management, Av. de Requejo, 35, 49022 Zamora, Spain
| | - Teresa Moreno-Casbas
- grid.512898.f0000 0004 0593 3686Nursing and Healthcare Research Unit (Investén-Isciii), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 5. Pabellón 13, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.512892.5Biomedical Research Center for Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Abad-Corpa
- grid.10586.3a0000 0001 2287 8496University of Murcia-Murcia Health Service (IMIB-Arrixaca), Campus Universitario, 1, 30100 Murcia, Spain ,grid.512892.5Biomedical Research Center for Fragility and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Gauthier P, Desir C, Plombas M, Joffray E, Benhamou P, Borel A. Impact of sleep and physical activity habits on real‐life glycaemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Sleep Res 2022; 32:e13799. [PMID: 36495012 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to better characterise whether sleep habits, eating schedule and physical activity in real-life are associated with glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 28 patients (aged 60 years [58; 66], 54% female) with type 2 diabetes treated with basal-bolus insulin therapy administered by insulin pumps were analysed. Glycaemic data measured by Flash Glucose Monitor System, physical activity and sleep data measured by accelerometer, and meal schedules were simultaneously collated with insulin pump administration data, for 7 days in real-life. Their respective impact on the time spent in target, in hypoglycaemia, in hyperglycaemia and on glycaemic variability was evaluated. Multiple regressions showed that the total daily dose of meal boluses of insulin was inversely associated with the coefficient of variation (CV; coefficient β = -0.073; 95% confidence interval: -0.130, -0.015; p = 0.016), as well as sleep duration. The higher the sleep duration, the lower the glycaemic variability (coefficient β = -0.012; 95% confidence interval: -0.023, -0.002; p = 0.027). The mean 7 days physical activity of the subjects was very low and was not associated with glycaemic control on the 7 days mean values. However, days with at least 1 hr spent in physical activity higher than 1.5 METs were associated with less glycaemic variability that same day. This real-life observation highlights the importance of sufficient sleep duration and regular physical activity to lessen the glycaemic variability of patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pierre‐Yves Benhamou
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, Inserm U1055 Univ. Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Grenoble France
| | - Anne‐Laure Borel
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Grenoble France
- Hypoxia‐physiopathology laboratory, Inserm U1300 Univ. Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
- Centre Spécialisé de l'Obésité Grenoble Arc Alpin Grenoble France
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We discuss the relationship between sleep and circadian factors with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, including physiologic, behavioral, and psychological mechanisms along this pathway. RECENT FINDINGS The relationship between short and long sleep duration, as well as insomnia, with CVD risk is well-established. Recent work has highlighted how other sleep factors, such as sleep regularity (i.e., consistency of sleep timing), multidimensional sleep health, and circadian factors like chronotype and social jetlag, relate to CVD risk. Sleep-focused interventions (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and sleep extension) may be effective to reduce CVD risk and disease burden. Sleep is increasingly recognized as an integral component of cardiovascular health. This was underscored by the recent inclusion of sleep duration as a health behavior in the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 for defining optimal cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Belloir
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nour Makarem
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari Shechter
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, 9th Floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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22
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Rutters F, Nefs G. Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Diabetes: A Narrative Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:3627-3637. [PMID: 36439294 PMCID: PMC9694979 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s354026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are less-known risk factors for the development and suboptimal outcomes of diabetes. The goal of this narrative review is to highlight the importance of sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances in the development and outcomes of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), assess current treatment options and the possible mediating mechanisms. We performed a literature search using PubMed and selected relevant English and Dutch papers. Disturbances of sleep and circadian rhythm are common in people with diabetes. They are associated with an increased risk of developing T2D as well as with suboptimal diabetes outcomes (including higher HbA1c levels and reduced quality of life) for T1D and T2D. Preliminary data suggest that treatment of sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances could improve diabetes outcomes in people with T1D and T2D. Finally, the association with medical parameters appears to be mediated by disturbance in hormones, and by suboptimal self-care including forgetting or postponing glucose monitoring or medication use as well as higher consumption of high fat/high sugary foods. Diabetes may also disturb sleep, for example through nocturnal hypoglycemia and nocturia. We concluded that sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are closely linked with diabetes. More attention to sleep in regular diabetes care is warranted, while further research is needed on treatment of sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances in the prevention of diabetes and its suboptimal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Rutters
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giesje Nefs
- Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Diabeter, Center for Type 1 Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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Merellano-Navarro E, Bustamante-Ara N, Russell-Guzmán J, Lagos-Hernández R, Uribe N, Godoy-Cumillaf A. Association between Sleep Quality and Physical Activity in Physical Education Students in Chile in the Pandemic Context: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101930. [PMID: 36292377 PMCID: PMC9601690 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the health restrictions put in place to face the pandemic, a decrease in the levels of physical activity and an alteration in the quality of sleep have been observed. One group susceptible to these changes is represented by students of physical education pedagogy, who, under normal conditions, present high levels of physical activity. However, the correlation between these variables has not been studied in the context of a pandemic lockdown. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the quality of sleep and physical activity level as a function of gender and evaluate the association between quality of sleep and physical activity level in physical education pedagogy students during the COVID-19 pandemic considering sociodemographic and health characteristics. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. An online questionnaire was applied to 280 Chilean university students of physical education pedagogy. The survey considered sociodemographic information, healthy habits, and self-reported health and included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for physical activity levels and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality. Results: The prevalence of good sleep quality was 20.4%. Furthermore, 52.9% of students had a high level of physical activity. Regression analysis between PSQI global score and age-adjusted physical activity levels indicated that being male and presenting a high level of physical activity favored a better PSQI global score. Conclusions: The prevalence of good sleep quality was low in general and significantly lower in women. Being male and having a high level of physical activity during quarantine benefits good sleep quality, regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Merellano-Navarro
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
| | - Natalia Bustamante-Ara
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Javier Russell-Guzmán
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Roberto Lagos-Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Natasha Uribe
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Van Veen M, Lancel M, Şener O, Verkes R, Bouman E, Rutters F. Observational and experimental studies on sleep duration and aggression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 64:101661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Parsons CE, Young KS. Beneficial effects of sleep extension on daily emotion in short-sleeping young adults: An experience sampling study. Sleep Health 2022; 8:505-513. [PMID: 35872150 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Short sleep duration has been linked to disrupted emotional experiences and poor emotion regulation. Extending sleep opportunity might therefore offer a means to improve emotion functioning. This study used experience sampling to examine the effect of sleep extension on daily emotion experiences and emotion regulation. PARTICIPANTS Participants were young adults (n = 72), aged 18-24 years who reported consistently sleeping less than 7 hours in a 24-hour period in the past 2 weeks. DESIGN AND SETTING For 14 consecutive days, participants completed experience sampling questions related to sleep, emotion, and emotion regulation via a smartphone application. Procedures were identical for all participants for the first 7 days ("baseline" assessments). INTERVENTION From days 8-14, participants were randomly assigned to either a "sleep extension" condition, in which they were instructed to increase their sleep opportunity by 90 minutes or a "sleep as usual" condition. MEASUREMENTS Duration and quality of the previous night's sleep were reported each morning and daytime experiences of positive and negative emotion and emotion regulation were measured at pseudorandom timepoints 6 times a day. RESULTS Multilevel modeling demonstrated that participants in the sleep extension condition reported significantly longer sleep times and improved sleep quality, as well as higher positive and lower negative daily emotion, compared to those in the sleep as usual condition. CONCLUSION A brief experimental paradigm to extend sleep length has the potential to improve sleep quality and to a minor extent mood, among young adults with short sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Parsons
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Interacting Minds Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Katherine S Young
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Reutrakul S, Martyn-Nemeth P, Quinn L, Rydzon B, Priyadarshini M, Danielson KK, Baron KG, Duffecy J. Effects of Sleep-Extend on glucose metabolism in women with a history of gestational diabetes: a pilot randomized trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:119. [PMID: 35659776 PMCID: PMC9166192 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM) are at 7-fold increase in the risk of developing diabetes. Insufficient sleep has also been shown to increase diabetes risk. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of a sleep extension in women with a history of GDM and short sleep, and effects on glucose metabolism. Methods Women age 18–45 years with a history of GDM and actigraphy confirmed short sleep duration (<7 h/night) on weekdays were randomized at a ratio of 1 control (heathy living information) to 2 cases (6 weeks of “Sleep-Extend” intervention: use of a Fitbit, weekly digital content, and weekly coaching to increase sleep duration). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 7-day actigraphy recording, and questionnaires were obtained at baseline and 6 weeks. Mean differences between baseline and end-of-intervention parameters were compared using independent samples t-tests. Results Mean (SD) sleep duration increased within the Sleep-Extend group (n=9, +26.9 (42.5) min) but decreased within the controls (n=5, − 9.1 (20.4) min), a mean difference (MD) of 35.9 min (95% confidence interval (CI) − 8.6, 80.5). Fasting glucose increased, but less in Sleep-Extend vs. control groups (1.6 (9.4) vs 10.4 (8.2) mg/dL, MD − 8.8 mg/dL (95% CI − 19.8, 2.1), while 2-h glucose levels after an OGTT did not differ. Compared to controls, Sleep-Extend had decreased fatigue score (MD − 10.6, 95%CI − 20.7, − 0.6), and increased self-report physical activity (MD 5036 MET- minutes/week, 95%CI 343, 9729. Fitbit compliance and satisfaction in Sleep-Extend group was high. Conclusion Sleep extension is feasible in women with a history of GDM, with benefits in fatigue and physical activity, and possibly glucose metabolism. These data support a larger study exploring benefits of sleep extension on glucose metabolism in these high-risk women. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03638102 (8/20/2018)
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirimon Reutrakul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Suite E625, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Pamela Martyn-Nemeth
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 S. Damen, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lauretta Quinn
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 S. Damen, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Brett Rydzon
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Suite E625, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Medha Priyadarshini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Suite E625, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kirstie K Danielson
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Suite E625, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kelly G Baron
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, The University of Utah, 375 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, USA.,Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, The University of Utah, 501 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Jennifer Duffecy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 912 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Cooper CJ, Owen PJ, Sprajcer M, Crowther ME, Craige EA, Ferguson SA, Gupta CC, Gibson R, Vincent GE. Interventions to improve sleep in caregivers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 64:101658. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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28
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Wilson D, Driller M, Winwood P, Clissold T, Johnston B, Gill N. The Effectiveness of a Combined Healthy Eating, Physical Activity, and Sleep Hygiene Lifestyle Intervention on Health and Fitness of Overweight Airline Pilots: A Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:1988. [PMID: 35565955 PMCID: PMC9100076 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a three-component nutrition, sleep, and physical activity (PA) program on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and health behaviors in overweight airline pilots. (2) Methods: A parallel group study was conducted amongst 125 airline pilots. The intervention group participated in a 16-week personalized healthy eating, sleep hygiene, and PA program. Outcome measures of objective health (maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), body mass, skinfolds, girths, blood pressure, resting heart rate, push-ups, plank hold) and self-reported health (weekly PA, sleep quality and duration, fruit and vegetable intake, and self-rated health) were collected at baseline and post-intervention. The wait-list control completed the same assessments. (3) Results: Significant group main effects in favor of the intervention group were found for all outcome measures (p < 0.001) except for weekly walking (p = 0.163). All objective health measures significantly improved in the intervention group when compared to the control group (p < 0.001, d = 0.41−1.04). Self-report measures (moderate-to-vigorous PA, sleep quality and duration, fruit and vegetable intake, and self-rated health) significantly increased in the intervention group when compared to the control group (p < 0.001, d = 1.00−2.69). (4) Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that a personalized 16-week healthy eating, PA, and sleep hygiene intervention can elicit significant short-term improvements in physical and mental health outcomes among overweight airline pilots. Further research is required to examine whether the observed effects are maintained longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wilson
- Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, The University of Waikato, Hamilton 3216, New Zealand;
- Faculty of Health, Education and Environment, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Tauranga 3112, New Zealand; (P.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Matthew Driller
- Sport and Exercise Science, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia;
| | - Paul Winwood
- Faculty of Health, Education and Environment, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Tauranga 3112, New Zealand; (P.W.); (T.C.)
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Tracey Clissold
- Faculty of Health, Education and Environment, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Tauranga 3112, New Zealand; (P.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Ben Johnston
- Aviation and Occupational Health Unit, Air New Zealand, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Nicholas Gill
- Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, The University of Waikato, Hamilton 3216, New Zealand;
- New Zealand Rugby, Wellington 6011, New Zealand
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He C, Chen H, Guo L, Xu L, Liu Q, Zhang J, Hu X. Prevalence and factors associated with comorbid depressive symptoms among people with low back pain in China: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:922733. [PMID: 35958630 PMCID: PMC9357880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.922733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is a common medical condition among the general population that is associated with many adverse health effects when comorbid with depressive symptoms. However, little is known about depressive symptoms in the population with low back pain in China. Our study evaluated the prevalence of depressive symptoms and analyzed the factors associated with this condition in the Chinese population with low back pain. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. We collected low back pain information for each participant and identified depressive symptoms using the brief version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A wide range of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics of the subjects were extracted. We measured the prevalence of depressive symptoms comorbid with low back pain and analyzed the associated factors by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 5,779 respondents aged 45 and over with low back pain formed the sample, 41.8% of whom reported depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated greater vulnerability to depressive symptoms among females (OR = 1.41, 95% CI, 1.16-1.73), relatively younger persons (60-74 years: OR = 0.72, 95% CI, 0.63-0.83; ≥ 75 years: OR = 0.62, 95% CI, 0.49-0.79, reference: 45-59 years), those from the central and western regions (central: OR = 1.39, 95% CI, 1.18-1.64; western: OR = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.33-1.83), participants with extremely short sleep duration (OR = 2.74, 95% CI, 2.33-3.23), those with poor self-perceived health status (OR = 2.91, 95% CI, 2.34-3.63,), multisite pain (OR = 1.54, 95% CI, 1.20-1.98) and disability in activities of daily living (Basic: OR = 1.70, 95% CI, 1.47-1.98; Instrumental: OR = 1.95, 95% CI, 1.70-2.24). CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms were highly prevalent in the Chinese population ≥ 45 years with low back pain. More attention should be paid to the individuals at high-risk confirmed by this study to facilitate early identification and intervention against depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia He
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hongxiu Chen
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Guo
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisheng Xu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Cheng Du Shang Jin Nan Fu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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