1
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Hegde A, Ghosh S, Ananthan ASHP, Kataria S, Dutta A, Prabhu S, Khedkar SU, Dutta A, Jamora C. Extracellular Caspase-1 induces hair stem cell migration in wounded and inflamed skin conditions. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202306028. [PMID: 38587472 PMCID: PMC11001599 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202306028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The wound-healing process is a paradigm of the directed migration of various pools of stem cells from their niche to the site of injury where they replenish damaged cells. Two decades have elapsed since the observation that wounding activates multipotent hair follicle stem cells to infiltrate the epidermis, but the cues that coax these cells out of their niche remain unknown. Here, we report that Caspase-1, a protein classically known as an integral component of the cytosolic inflammasome, is secreted upon wounding and has a non-canonical role in the extracellular milieu. Through its caspase activation recruitment domain (CARD), Caspase-1 is sufficient to initiate the migration of hair follicle stem cells into the epidermis. Uncovering this novel function of Caspase-1 also facilitates a deeper understanding of the mechanistic basis of the epithelial hyperplasia found to accompany numerous inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Hegde
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA), Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Subhasri Ghosh
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Akhil SHP Ananthan
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Sunny Kataria
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Abhik Dutta
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA), Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Srilekha Prabhu
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Sneha Uday Khedkar
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Anupam Dutta
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Colin Jamora
- IFOM-inStem Joint Research Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
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2
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Lorenzo-Sanz L, Lopez-Cerda M, da Silva-Diz V, Artés MH, Llop S, Penin RM, Bermejo JO, Gonzalez-Suarez E, Esteller M, Viñals F, Espinosa E, Oliva M, Piulats JM, Martin-Liberal J, Muñoz P. Cancer cell plasticity defines response to immunotherapy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5352. [PMID: 38914547 PMCID: PMC11196727 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) approaches have changed the therapeutic landscape for many tumor types. However, half of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) patients remain unresponsive or develop resistance. Here, we show that, during cSCC progression in male mice, cancer cells acquire epithelial/mesenchymal plasticity and change their immune checkpoint (IC) ligand profile according to their features, dictating the IC pathways involved in immune evasion. Epithelial cancer cells, through the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, and mesenchymal cancer cells, through the CTLA-4/CD80 and TIGIT/CD155 pathways, differentially block antitumor immune responses and determine the response to ICB therapies. Accordingly, the anti-PD-L1/TIGIT combination is the most effective strategy for blocking the growth of cSCCs that contain both epithelial and mesenchymal cancer cells. The expression of E-cadherin/Vimentin/CD80/CD155 proteins in cSCC, HNSCC and melanoma patient samples predicts response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Collectively, our findings indicate that the selection of ICB therapies should take into account the epithelial/mesenchymal features of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lorenzo-Sanz
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Lopez-Cerda
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria da Silva-Diz
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, 08901, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Marta H Artés
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Llop
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M Penin
- Pathology Service, Bellvitge University Hospital/IDIBELL, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Oriol Bermejo
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Bellvitge University Hospital/IDIBELL, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Gonzalez-Suarez
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Oncology, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Viñals
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), 08908, Barcelona, Spain
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)/IDIBELL, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Espinosa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Oliva
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Piulats
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Martin-Liberal
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Purificación Muñoz
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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3
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Xin T, Gallini S, Wei H, Gonzalez DG, Matte-Martone C, Machida H, Fujiwara H, Pasolli HA, Suozzi KC, Gonzalez LE, Regot S, Greco V. Oncogenic Kras induces spatiotemporally specific tissue deformation through converting pulsatile into sustained ERK activation. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:859-867. [PMID: 38689013 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration and maintenance rely on coordinated stem cell behaviours. This orchestration can be impaired by oncogenic mutations leading to cancer. However, it is largely unclear how oncogenes perturb stem cells' orchestration to disrupt tissue. Here we used intravital imaging to investigate the mechanisms by which oncogenic Kras mutation causes tissue disruption in the hair follicle. Through longitudinally tracking hair follicles in live mice, we found that KrasG12D, a mutation that can lead to squamous cell carcinoma, induces epithelial tissue deformation in a spatiotemporally specific manner, linked with abnormal cell division and migration. Using a reporter mouse capture real-time ERK signal dynamics at the single-cell level, we discovered that KrasG12D, but not a closely related mutation HrasG12V, converts ERK signal in stem cells from pulsatile to sustained. Finally, we demonstrated that interrupting sustained ERK signal reverts KrasG12D-induced tissue deformation through modulating specific features of cell migration and division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Xin
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Sara Gallini
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Haoyang Wei
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David G Gonzalez
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Hiroki Machida
- Laboratory for Tissue Microenvironment, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hironobu Fujiwara
- Laboratory for Tissue Microenvironment, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - H Amalia Pasolli
- Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen C Suozzi
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lauren E Gonzalez
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sergi Regot
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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4
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Iqbal S, Karim MR, Mohammad S, Mathiyalagan R, Morshed MN, Yang DC, Bae H, Rupa EJ, Yang DU. Multiomics Analysis of the PHLDA Gene Family in Different Cancers and Their Clinical Prognostic Value. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5488-5510. [PMID: 38921000 PMCID: PMC11201736 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The PHLDA (pleckstrin homology-like domain family) gene family is popularly known as a potential biomarker for cancer identification, and members of the PHLDA family have become considered potentially viable targets for cancer treatments. The PHLDA gene family consists of PHLDA1, PHLDA2, and PHLDA3. The predictive significance of PHLDA genes in cancer remains unclear. To determine the role of pleckstrin as a prognostic biomarker in human cancers, we conducted a systematic multiomics investigation. Through various survival analyses, pleckstrin expression was evaluated, and their predictive significance in human tumors was discovered using a variety of online platforms. By analyzing the protein-protein interactions, we also chose a collection of well-known functional protein partners for pleckstrin. Investigations were also carried out on the relationship between pleckstrins and other cancers regarding mutations and copy number alterations. The cumulative impact of pleckstrin and their associated genes on various cancers, Gene Ontology (GO), and pathway analyses were used for their evaluation. Thus, the expression profiles of PHLDA family members and their prognosis in various cancers may be revealed by this study. During this multiomics analysis, we found that among the PHLDA family, PHLDA1 may be a therapeutic target for several cancers, including kidney, colon, and brain cancer, while PHLDA2 can be a therapeutic target for cancers of the colon, esophagus, and pancreas. Additionally, PHLDA3 may be a useful therapeutic target for ovarian, renal, and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Iqbal
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.I.); (M.R.K.); (M.N.M.); (D.-C.Y.)
| | - Md. Rezaul Karim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.I.); (M.R.K.); (M.N.M.); (D.-C.Y.)
| | - Shahnawaz Mohammad
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Ramya Mathiyalagan
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Md. Niaj Morshed
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.I.); (M.R.K.); (M.N.M.); (D.-C.Y.)
| | - Deok-Chun Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.I.); (M.R.K.); (M.N.M.); (D.-C.Y.)
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyocheol Bae
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Esrat Jahan Rupa
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun 55338, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Uk Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.I.); (M.R.K.); (M.N.M.); (D.-C.Y.)
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5
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Garduño-Villavicencio LR, Martínez-Ortega U, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Tinajero-Rodríguez JM, Hernández-Luis F. Compounds Consisting of Quinazoline, Ibuprofen, and Amino Acids with Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300651. [PMID: 38354370 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
In this research work, a series of 16 quinazoline derivatives bearing ibuprofen and an amino acid were designed as inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase domain (EGFR-TKD) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with the intention of presenting dual action in their biological behavior. The designed compounds were synthesized and assessed for cytotoxicity on epithelial cancer cells lines (AGS, A-431, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) and epithelial non-tumorigenic cell line (HaCaT). From this evaluation, derivative 6 was observed to exhibit higher cytotoxic potency (IC50) than gefitinib (reference drug) on three cancer cell lines (0.034 μM in A-431, 2.67 μM in MCF-7, and 3.64 μM in AGS) without showing activity on the non-tumorigenic cell line (>100 μM). Furthermore, assessment of EGFR-TKD inhibition by 6 showed a discreet difference compared to gefitinib. Additionally, 6 was used to conduct an in vivo anti-inflammatory assay using the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-3-acetate (TPA) method, and it was shown to be 5 times more potent than ibuprofen. Molecular dynamics studies of EGFR-TKD revealed interactions between compound 6 and M793. On the other hand, one significant interaction was observed for COX-2, involving S531. The RMSD graph indicated that the ligand remained stable in 50 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Roberto Garduño-Villavicencio
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U., Coyoacán, CDMx, 04510, Mexico
| | - Ulises Martínez-Ortega
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U., Coyoacán, CDMx, 04510, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- E. Ortiz-Sánchez, J. M. Tinajero-Rodríguez, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaria de Salud, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez, CDMx, 14080, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Tinajero-Rodríguez
- E. Ortiz-Sánchez, J. M. Tinajero-Rodríguez, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaria de Salud, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez, CDMx, 14080, Mexico
| | - Francisco Hernández-Luis
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U., Coyoacán, CDMx, 04510, Mexico
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6
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McCann AA, Baniulyte G, Woodstock DL, Sammons MA. Context dependent activity of p63-bound gene regulatory elements. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.09.593326. [PMID: 38766006 PMCID: PMC11100809 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.09.593326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The p53 family of transcription factors regulate numerous organismal processes including the development of skin and limbs, ciliogenesis, and preservation of genetic integrity and tumor suppression. p53 family members control these processes and gene expression networks through engagement with DNA sequences within gene regulatory elements. Whereas p53 binding to its cognate recognition sequence is strongly associated with transcriptional activation, p63 can mediate both activation and repression. How the DNA sequence of p63-bound gene regulatory elements is linked to these varied activities is not yet understood. Here, we use massively parallel reporter assays (MPRA) in a range of cellular and genetic contexts to investigate the influence of DNA sequence on p63-mediated transcription. Most regulatory elements with a p63 response element motif (p63RE) activate transcription, with those sites bound by p63 more frequently or adhering closer to canonical p53 family response element sequences driving higher transcriptional output. The most active regulatory elements are those also capable of binding p53. Elements uniquely bound by p63 have varied activity, with p63RE-mediated repression associated with lower overall GC content in flanking sequences. Comparison of activity across cell lines suggests differential activity of elements may be regulated by a combination of p63 abundance or context-specific cofactors. Finally, changes in p63 isoform expression dramatically alters regulatory element activity, primarily shifting inactive elements towards a strong p63-dependent activity. Our analysis of p63-bound gene regulatory elements provides new insight into how sequence, cellular context, and other transcription factors influence p63-dependent transcription. These studies provide a framework for understanding how p63 genomic binding locally regulates transcription. Additionally, these results can be extended to investigate the influence of sequence content, genomic context, chromatin structure on the interplay between p63 isoforms and p53 family paralogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby A. McCann
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York. 1400 washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222
| | - Gabriele Baniulyte
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York. 1400 washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222
| | - Dana L. Woodstock
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York. 1400 washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222
| | - Morgan A. Sammons
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York. 1400 washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222
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7
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Loh JJ, Ma S. Hallmarks of cancer stemness. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:617-639. [PMID: 38701757 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stemness is recognized as a key component of tumor development. Previously coined "cancer stem cells" (CSCs) and believed to be a rare population with rigid hierarchical organization, there is good evidence to suggest that these cells exhibit a plastic cellular state influenced by dynamic CSC-niche interplay. This revelation underscores the need to reevaluate the hallmarks of cancer stemness. Herein, we summarize the techniques used to identify and characterize the state of these cells and discuss their defining and emerging hallmarks, along with their enabling and associated features. We also highlight potential future directions in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jian Loh
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Translational and Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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8
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Fernández-Parejo N, Lorenzo-Martín LF, García-Pedrero JM, Rodrigo JP, Dosil M, Bustelo XR. VAV2 orchestrates the interplay between regenerative proliferation and ribogenesis in both keratinocytes and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4060. [PMID: 38374399 PMCID: PMC10876654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
VAV2 is an activator of RHO GTPases that promotes and maintains regenerative proliferation-like states in normal keratinocytes and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Here, we demonstrate that VAV2 also regulates ribosome biogenesis in those cells, a program associated with poor prognosis of human papilloma virus-negative (HPV-) OSCC patients. Mechanistically, VAV2 regulates this process in a catalysis-dependent manner using a conserved pathway comprising the RAC1 and RHOA GTPases, the PAK and ROCK family kinases, and the c-MYC and YAP/TAZ transcription factors. This pathway directly promotes RNA polymerase I activity and synthesis of 47S pre-rRNA precursors. This process is further consolidated by the upregulation of ribosome biogenesis factors and the acquisition of the YAP/TAZ-dependent undifferentiated cell state. Finally, we show that RNA polymerase I is a therapeutic Achilles' heel for both keratinocytes and OSCC patient-derived cells endowed with high VAV2 catalytic activity. Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating VAV2 and the ribosome biogenesis pathways in both preneoplastic and late progression stages of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Fernández-Parejo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Francisco Lorenzo-Martín
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mercedes Dosil
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Xosé R Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Celià-Terrassa T, Kang Y. How important is EMT for cancer metastasis? PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002487. [PMID: 38324529 PMCID: PMC10849258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a biological phenomenon of cellular plasticity initially reported in embryonic development, has been increasingly recognized for its importance in cancer progression and metastasis. Despite tremendous progress being made in the past 2 decades in our understanding of the molecular mechanism and functional importance of EMT in cancer, there are several mysteries around EMT that remain unresolved. In this Unsolved Mystery, we focus on the variety of EMT types in metastasis, cooperative and collective EMT behaviors, spatiotemporal characterization of EMT, and strategies of therapeutically targeting EMT. We also highlight new technical advances that will facilitate the efforts to elucidate the unsolved mysteries of EMT in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Celià-Terrassa
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
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10
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Levra Levron C, Elettrico L, Duval C, Piacenti G, Proserpio V, Donati G. Bridging tissue repair and epithelial carcinogenesis: epigenetic memory and field cancerization. Cell Death Differ 2024:10.1038/s41418-023-01254-6. [PMID: 38228801 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01254-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The epigenome coordinates spatial-temporal specific gene expression during development and in adulthood, for the maintenance of homeostasis and upon tissue repair. The upheaval of the epigenetic landscape is a key event in the onset of many pathologies including tumours, where epigenetic changes cooperate with genetic aberrations to establish the neoplastic phenotype and to drive cell plasticity during its evolution. DNA methylation, histone modifiers and readers or other chromatin components are indeed often altered in cancers, such as carcinomas that develop in epithelia. Lining the surfaces and the cavities of our body and acting as a barrier from the environment, epithelia are frequently subjected to acute or chronic tissue damages, such as mechanical injuries or inflammatory episodes. These events can activate plasticity mechanisms, with a deep impact on cells' epigenome. Despite being very effective, tissue repair mechanisms are closely associated with tumour onset. Here we review the similarities between tissue repair and carcinogenesis, with a special focus on the epigenetic mechanisms activated by cells during repair and opted by carcinoma cells in multiple epithelia. Moreover, we discuss the recent findings on inflammatory and wound memory in epithelia and describe the epigenetic modifications that characterise them. Finally, as wound memory in epithelial cells promotes carcinogenesis, we highlight how it represents an early step for the establishment of field cancerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Levra Levron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Elettrico
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Carlotta Duval
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Piacenti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Proserpio
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Giacomo Donati
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy.
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11
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Wei Y, Chen Q, Chen J, Zhou C, Geng S, Shi D, Huang S, Liang Z, Chen X, Ren N, Jiang J. Loss of α-1,2-mannosidase MAN1C1 promotes tumorigenesis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma through enhancing CD133-FIP200 interaction. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113588. [PMID: 38117655 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
CD133 is widely used as a marker to isolate tumor-initiating cells in many types of cancers. The structure of N-glycan on CD133 is altered during the differentiation of tumor-initiating cells. However, the relationship between CD133 N-glycosylation and stem cell characteristics remains elusive. Here, we found that the level of α-1,2-mannosylated CD133 was associated with the level of stemness genes in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) tissues. α-1,2-mannosylated CD133+ cells possessed the characteristics of tumor-initiating cells. The loss of the Golgi α-mannosidase I coding gene MAN1C1 resulted in the formation of α-1,2-mannosylated CD133 in iCCA-initiating cells. Mechanistically, α-1,2-mannosylation promoted the cytoplasmic distribution of CD133 and enhanced the interaction between CD133 and the autophagy gene FIP200, subsequently promoting the tumorigenesis of α-1,2-mannosylated CD133+ cells. Analysis of iCCA samples showed that the level of cytoplasmic CD133 was associated with poor iCCA prognosis. Collectively, α-1,2-mannosylated CD133 is a functional marker of iCCA-initiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyan Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
| | - Qihang Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jiayue Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Chenhao Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Shuting Geng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Danfang Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Sijing Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China; Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China.
| | - Jianhai Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjuates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.
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12
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Deschênes-Simard X, Malleshaiah M, Ferbeyre G. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases: One Pathway, Multiple Fates. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:95. [PMID: 38201521 PMCID: PMC10778234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted aspects of ERK signaling and the intricate mechanisms underlying distinct cellular fates. ERK1 and ERK2 (ERK) govern proliferation, transformation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, differentiation, senescence, or cell death, contingent upon activation strength, duration, and context. The biochemical mechanisms underlying these outcomes are inadequately understood, shaped by signaling feedback and the spatial localization of ERK activation. Generally, ERK activation aligns with the Goldilocks principle in cell fate determination. Inadequate or excessive ERK activity hinders cell proliferation, while balanced activation promotes both cell proliferation and survival. Unraveling the intricacies of how the degree of ERK activation dictates cell fate requires deciphering mechanisms encompassing protein stability, transcription factors downstream of ERK, and the chromatin landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Deschênes-Simard
- Montreal University Hospital Center (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Mohan Malleshaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Montreal Cancer Institute, CR-CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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13
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Liu NQ, Paassen I, Custers L, Zeller P, Teunissen H, Ayyildiz D, He J, Buhl JL, Hoving EW, van Oudenaarden A, de Wit E, Drost J. SMARCB1 loss activates patient-specific distal oncogenic enhancers in malignant rhabdoid tumors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7762. [PMID: 38040699 PMCID: PMC10692191 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a highly malignant and often lethal childhood cancer. MRTs are genetically defined by bi-allelic inactivating mutations in SMARCB1, a member of the BRG1/BRM-associated factors (BAF) chromatin remodeling complex. Mutations in BAF complex members are common in human cancer, yet their contribution to tumorigenesis remains in many cases poorly understood. Here, we study derailed regulatory landscapes as a consequence of SMARCB1 loss in the context of MRT. Our multi-omics approach on patient-derived MRT organoids reveals a dramatic reshaping of the regulatory landscape upon SMARCB1 reconstitution. Chromosome conformation capture experiments subsequently reveal patient-specific looping of distal enhancer regions with the promoter of the MYC oncogene. This intertumoral heterogeneity in MYC enhancer utilization is also present in patient MRT tissues as shown by combined single-cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq. We show that loss of SMARCB1 activates patient-specific epigenetic reprogramming underlying MRT tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Qing Liu
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center (MC) Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Irene Paassen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lars Custers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Zeller
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Teunissen
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dilara Ayyildiz
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jiayou He
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Juliane Laura Buhl
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Alexander van Oudenaarden
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elzo de Wit
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jarno Drost
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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14
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Kuburich NA, Sabapathy T, Demestichas BR, Maddela JJ, den Hollander P, Mani SA. Proactive and reactive roles of TGF-β in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 95:120-139. [PMID: 37572731 PMCID: PMC10530624 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells adapt to varying stress conditions to survive through plasticity. Stem cells exhibit a high degree of plasticity, allowing them to generate more stem cells or differentiate them into specialized cell types to contribute to tissue development, growth, and repair. Cancer cells can also exhibit plasticity and acquire properties that enhance their survival. TGF-β is an unrivaled growth factor exploited by cancer cells to gain plasticity. TGF-β-mediated signaling enables carcinoma cells to alter their epithelial and mesenchymal properties through epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). However, TGF-β is a multifunctional cytokine; thus, the signaling by TGF-β can be detrimental or beneficial to cancer cells depending on the cellular context. Those cells that overcome the anti-tumor effect of TGF-β can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain EMP benefits. EMP allows cancer cells to alter their cell properties and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), facilitating their survival. Due to the significant roles of TGF-β and EMP in carcinoma progression, it is essential to understand how TGF-β enables EMP and how cancer cells exploit this plasticity. This understanding will guide the development of effective TGF-β-targeting therapies that eliminate cancer cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A Kuburich
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Thiru Sabapathy
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Breanna R Demestichas
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joanna Joyce Maddela
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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15
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Ashouri A, Zhang C, Gaiti F. Decoding Cancer Evolution: Integrating Genetic and Non-Genetic Insights. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1856. [PMID: 37895205 PMCID: PMC10606072 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer begins with cells transitioning from their multicellular nature to a state akin to unicellular organisms. This shift leads to a breakdown in the crucial regulators inherent to multicellularity, resulting in the emergence of diverse cancer cell subpopulations that have enhanced adaptability. The presence of different cell subpopulations within a tumour, known as intratumoural heterogeneity (ITH), poses challenges for cancer treatment. In this review, we delve into the dynamics of the shift from multicellularity to unicellularity during cancer onset and progression. We highlight the role of genetic and non-genetic factors, as well as tumour microenvironment, in promoting ITH and cancer evolution. Additionally, we shed light on the latest advancements in omics technologies that allow for in-depth analysis of tumours at the single-cell level and their spatial organization within the tissue. Obtaining such detailed information is crucial for deepening our understanding of the diverse evolutionary paths of cancer, allowing for the development of effective therapies targeting the key drivers of cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghavan Ashouri
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Chufan Zhang
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Federico Gaiti
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
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16
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Xu J, Zhou X, Zhang T, Zhang B, Xu PX. Smarca4 deficiency induces Pttg1 oncogene upregulation and hyperproliferation of tubular and interstitial cells during kidney development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1233317. [PMID: 37727504 PMCID: PMC10506413 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1233317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney formation and nephrogenesis are controlled by precise spatiotemporal gene expression programs, which are coordinately regulated by cell-cycle, cell type-specific transcription factors and epigenetic/chromatin regulators. However, the roles of epigenetic/chromatin regulators in kidney development and disease remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the impact of deleting the chromatin remodeling factor Smarca4 (Brg1), a human Wilms tumor-associated gene, in Wnt4-expressing cells. Smarca4 deficiency led to severe tubular defects and a shortened medulla. Through unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing analyses, we identified multiple types of Wnt4 Cre-labeled interstitial cells, along with nephron-related cells. Smarca4 deficiency increased interstitial cells but markedly reduced tubular cells, resulting in cells with mixed identity and elevated expression of cell-cycle regulators and genes associated with extracellular matrix and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition/fibrosis. We found that Smarca4 loss induced a significant upregulation of the oncogene Pttg1 and hyperproliferation of Wnt4 Cre-labeled cells. These changes in the cellular state could hinder the cellular transition into characteristic tubular structures, eventually leading to fibrosis. In conclusion, our findings shed light on novel cell types and genes associated with Wnt4 Cre-labeled cells and highlight the critical role of Smarca4 in regulating tubular cell differentiation and the expression of the cancer-causing gene Pttg1 in the kidney. These findings may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for renal cell carcinoma resulting from SMARCA4 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshu Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xianxiao Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pin-Xian Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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17
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Haerinck J, Goossens S, Berx G. The epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity landscape: principles of design and mechanisms of regulation. Nat Rev Genet 2023; 24:590-609. [PMID: 37169858 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) enables cells to interconvert between several states across the epithelial-mesenchymal landscape, thereby acquiring hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotypic features. This plasticity is crucial for embryonic development and wound healing, but also underlies the acquisition of several malignant traits during cancer progression. Recent research using systems biology and single-cell profiling methods has provided novel insights into the main forces that shape EMP, which include the microenvironment, lineage specification and cell identity, and the genome. Additionally, key roles have emerged for hysteresis (cell memory) and cellular noise, which can drive stochastic transitions between cell states. Here, we review these forces and the distinct but interwoven layers of regulatory control that stabilize EMP states or facilitate epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) and discuss the therapeutic potential of manipulating the EMP landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jef Haerinck
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Goossens
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Translational Research in Oncology, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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18
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Bailey P, Ridgway RA, Cammareri P, Treanor-Taylor M, Bailey UM, Schoenherr C, Bone M, Schreyer D, Purdie K, Thomson J, Rickaby W, Jackstadt R, Campbell AD, Dimonitsas E, Stratigos AJ, Arron ST, Wang J, Blyth K, Proby CM, Harwood CA, Sansom OJ, Leigh IM, Inman GJ. Driver gene combinations dictate cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma disease continuum progression. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5211. [PMID: 37626054 PMCID: PMC10457401 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of disease progression from UV-induced precancerous actinic keratosis (AK) to malignant invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and potentially lethal metastatic disease remains unclear. DNA sequencing studies have revealed a massive mutational burden but have yet to illuminate mechanisms of disease progression. Here we perform RNAseq transcriptomic profiling of 110 patient samples representing normal sun-exposed skin, AK, primary and metastatic cSCC and reveal a disease continuum from a differentiated to a progenitor-like state. This is accompanied by the orchestrated suppression of master regulators of epidermal differentiation, dynamic modulation of the epidermal differentiation complex, remodelling of the immune landscape and an increase in the preponderance of tumour specific keratinocytes. Comparative systems analysis of human cSCC coupled with the generation of genetically engineered murine models reveal that combinatorial sequential inactivation of the tumour suppressor genes Tgfbr2, Trp53, and Notch1 coupled with activation of Ras signalling progressively drives cSCC progression along a differentiated to progenitor axis. Taken together we provide a comprehensive map of the cSCC disease continuum and reveal potentially actionable events that promote and accompany disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bailey
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
- Section Surgical Research, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| | | | - Patrizia Cammareri
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Mairi Treanor-Taylor
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | | | - Max Bone
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Daniel Schreyer
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Karin Purdie
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - Jason Thomson
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 1BB, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - William Rickaby
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas's Hospital, London, SE1 7EP, UK
| | - Rene Jackstadt
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 61920, Germany
| | | | - Emmanouil Dimonitsas
- 1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 16121, Greece
| | - Alexander J Stratigos
- 1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 16121, Greece
| | - Sarah T Arron
- Department of Dermatology, University of of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Charlotte M Proby
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK
| | - Catherine A Harwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 1BB, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, E1 1BB, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Irene M Leigh
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 1BB, UK.
| | - Gareth J Inman
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.
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19
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Vu R, Dragan M, Sun P, Werner S, Dai X. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity and Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cutaneous Wound Healing. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041237. [PMID: 36617638 PMCID: PMC10411868 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial and endothelial cells possess the inherent plasticity to undergo morphological, cellular, and molecular changes leading to their resemblance of mesenchymal cells. A prevailing notion has been that cutaneous wound reepithelialization involves partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of wound-edge epidermal cells to enable their transition from a stationary state to a migratory state. In this review, we reflect on past findings that led to this notion and discuss recent studies that suggest a refined view, focusing predominantly on in vivo results using mammalian excisional wound models. We highlight the concept of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), which emphasizes a reversible conversion of epithelial cells across multiple intermediate states within the epithelial-mesenchymal spectrum, and discuss the critical importance of restricting EMT for effective wound reepithelialization. We also outline the current state of knowledge on EMP in pathological wound healing, and on endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), a process similar to EMT, as a possible mechanism contributing to wound fibrosis and scar formation. Harnessing epithelial/endothelial-mesenchymal plasticity may unravel opportunities for developing new therapeutics to treat human wound healing pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remy Vu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1700, USA
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1700, USA
| | - Morgan Dragan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1700, USA
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1700, USA
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1700, USA
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Department of Biology, 8093 ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xing Dai
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1700, USA
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1700, USA
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20
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Katipally RR, Pitroda SP, Weichselbaum RR, Hellman S. Oligometastases: Characterizing the Role of Epigenetic Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:2761-2766. [PMID: 37115507 PMCID: PMC10687742 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The "oligometastasis" hypothesis proposes that metastases exist as a spectrum and are not always disseminated. According to this theory, a subset of patients with metastatic disease could benefit from aggressive local therapies. However, the identification of patients most likely to exhibit an oligometastatic phenotype remains challenging. Recent literature focusing on basic and translational studies has identified novel epigenetic regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the emergence of a spectrum of metastatic behavior. Herein, we review these scientific advances and suggest that the spectrum of metastatic virulence produced by these epigenetic mechanisms broadly contributes to the emergence of clinically evident "oligometastases." Epigenetic regulation of EMT programs can result in a spectrum of cell trajectories (e.g., quasi-mesenchymal and highly mesenchymal states) with differential propensity to develop metastases. We propose that quasi-mesenchymal cell states may be associated with a polymetastatic phenotype, whereas highly mesenchymal cell states may be associated with a more oligometastatic phenotype. The mechanisms governing epigenetic regulation of EMT and its array of intermediate states are multifaceted and may contribute to the development of the metastatic spectrum observed clinically. Within this context, translational studies that support the role of EMT and its epigenetic regulation are discussed. Continued translation of these mechanistic discoveries into novel biomarkers may help optimally select patients most likely to exhibit an oligometastatic phenotype and benefit from aggressive local therapies, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and other ablative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan R. Katipally
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sean P. Pitroda
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ralph R. Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samuel Hellman
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Lengrand J, Pastushenko I, Vanuytven S, Song Y, Venet D, Sarate RM, Bellina M, Moers V, Boinet A, Sifrim A, Rama N, Ducarouge B, Van Herck J, Dubois C, Scozzaro S, Lemaire S, Gieskes S, Bonni S, Collin A, Braissand N, Allard J, Zindy E, Decaestecker C, Sotiriou C, Salmon I, Mehlen P, Voet T, Bernet A, Blanpain C. Pharmacological targeting of netrin-1 inhibits EMT in cancer. Nature 2023; 620:402-408. [PMID: 37532929 PMCID: PMC7615210 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulates tumour initiation, progression, metastasis and resistance to anti-cancer therapy1-7. Although great progress has been made in understanding the role of EMT and its regulatory mechanisms in cancer, no therapeutic strategy to pharmacologically target EMT has been identified. Here we found that netrin-1 is upregulated in a primary mouse model of skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) exhibiting spontaneous EMT. Pharmacological inhibition of netrin-1 by administration of NP137, a netrin-1-blocking monoclonal antibody currently used in clinical trials in human cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02977195 ), decreased the proportion of EMT tumour cells in skin SCC, decreased the number of metastases and increased the sensitivity of tumour cells to chemotherapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the presence of different EMT states, including epithelial, early and late hybrid EMT, and full EMT states, in control SCC. By contrast, administration of NP137 prevented the progression of cancer cells towards a late EMT state and sustained tumour epithelial states. Short hairpin RNA knockdown of netrin-1 and its receptor UNC5B in EPCAM+ tumour cells inhibited EMT in vitro in the absence of stromal cells and regulated a common gene signature that promotes tumour epithelial state and restricts EMT. To assess the relevance of these findings to human cancers, we treated mice transplanted with the A549 human cancer cell line-which undergoes EMT following TGFβ1 administration8,9-with NP137. Netrin-1 inhibition decreased EMT in these transplanted A549 cells. Together, our results identify a pharmacological strategy for targeting EMT in cancer, opening up novel therapeutic interventions for anti-cancer therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Mice
- A549 Cells
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule/metabolism
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy
- Netrin Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Netrin Receptors/deficiency
- Netrin Receptors/genetics
- Netrin-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Netrin-1/deficiency
- Netrin-1/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- RNA-Seq
- Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Lengrand
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- NETRIS Pharma, Lyon, France
- Laboratory Apoptosis, Cancer and Development, Equipe labellisee 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Institute PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France
| | - Ievgenia Pastushenko
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Vanuytven
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Multi-omic Integrative Bioinformatics, Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yura Song
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Venet
- Laboratory of Breast Cancer Translational Research J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rahul M Sarate
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Melanie Bellina
- NETRIS Pharma, Lyon, France
- Laboratory Apoptosis, Cancer and Development, Equipe labellisee 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Institute PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Moers
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alice Boinet
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alejandro Sifrim
- Laboratory of Multi-omic Integrative Bioinformatics, Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Institute for Single-cell Omics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Rama
- Laboratory Apoptosis, Cancer and Development, Equipe labellisee 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Institute PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jens Van Herck
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Dubois
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel Scozzaro
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Lemaire
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah Gieskes
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Bonni
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Collin
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Jumet, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Braissand
- NETRIS Pharma, Lyon, France
- Laboratory Apoptosis, Cancer and Development, Equipe labellisee 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Institute PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France
| | - Justine Allard
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Jumet, Belgium
| | - Egor Zindy
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Jumet, Belgium
| | - Christine Decaestecker
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Jumet, Belgium
- Laboratory of Image Synthesis and Analysis, Ecole Polytechnique-Université libre de Bruxelles (EPB-ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Laboratory of Breast Cancer Translational Research J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Salmon
- DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Jumet, Belgium
- Centre Universitaire Inter Régional d'Expertise en Anatomie pathologique Hospitalière (CurePath), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- NETRIS Pharma, Lyon, France.
- Laboratory Apoptosis, Cancer and Development, Equipe labellisee 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Institute PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France.
| | - Thierry Voet
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Institute for Single-cell Omics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Agnès Bernet
- NETRIS Pharma, Lyon, France.
- Laboratory Apoptosis, Cancer and Development, Equipe labellisee 'La Ligue', LabEx DEVweCAN, Institute PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Lyon, France.
| | - Cédric Blanpain
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
- WEL (Wallon ExceLlence) Research Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
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22
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Saini M, Schmidleitner L, Moreno HD, Donato E, Falcone M, Bartsch JM, Klein C, Vogel V, Würth R, Pfarr N, Espinet E, Lehmann M, Königshoff M, Reitberger M, Haas S, Graf E, Schwarzmayr T, Strom TM, Spaich S, Sütterlin M, Schneeweiss A, Weichert W, Schotta G, Reichert M, Aceto N, Sprick MR, Trumpp A, Scheel CH. Resistance to mesenchymal reprogramming sustains clonal propagation in metastatic breast cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112533. [PMID: 37257449 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of mesenchymal traits is considered a hallmark of breast cancer progression. However, the functional relevance of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains controversial and context dependent. Here, we isolate epithelial and mesenchymal populations from human breast cancer metastatic biopsies and assess their functional potential in vivo. Strikingly, progressively decreasing epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) levels correlate with declining disease propagation. Mechanistically, we find that persistent EPCAM expression marks epithelial clones that resist EMT induction and propagate competitively. In contrast, loss of EPCAM defines clones arrested in a mesenchymal state, with concomitant suppression of tumorigenicity and metastatic potential. This dichotomy results from distinct clonal trajectories impacting global epigenetic programs that are determined by the interplay between human ZEB1 and its target GRHL2. Collectively, our results indicate that susceptibility to irreversible EMT restrains clonal propagation, whereas resistance to mesenchymal reprogramming sustains disease spread in multiple models of human metastatic breast cancer, including patient-derived cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Saini
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Laura Schmidleitner
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Translational Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany; Center for Organoid Systems (COS), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany; Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany
| | - Helena Domínguez Moreno
- Division of Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Donato
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mattia Falcone
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna M Bartsch
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Corinna Klein
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vogel
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roberto Würth
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Pfarr
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Espinet
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Institute for Lung Health and Immunity (LHI) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany; Institute for Lung Research, Philipps-University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Reitberger
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Haas
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany; Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwarzmayr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tim-Matthias Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Saskia Spaich
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Clinic, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marc Sütterlin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Clinic, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany
| | - Gunnar Schotta
- Division of Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Reichert
- Translational Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany; Center for Organoid Systems (COS), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany; Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin R Sprick
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany.
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany.
| | - Christina H Scheel
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
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23
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Winge MCG, Kellman LN, Guo K, Tang JY, Swetter SM, Aasi SZ, Sarin KY, Chang ALS, Khavari PA. Advances in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00583-5. [PMID: 37286893 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Human malignancies arise predominantly in tissues of epithelial origin, where the stepwise transformation from healthy epithelium to premalignant dysplasia to invasive neoplasia involves sequential dysregulation of biological networks that govern essential functions of epithelial homeostasis. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a prototype epithelial malignancy, often with a high tumour mutational burden. A plethora of risk genes, dominated by UV-induced sun damage, drive disease progression in conjunction with stromal interactions and local immunomodulation, enabling continuous tumour growth. Recent studies have identified subpopulations of SCC cells that specifically interact with the tumour microenvironment. These advances, along with increased knowledge of the impact of germline genetics and somatic mutations on cSCC development, have led to a greater appreciation of the complexity of skin cancer pathogenesis and have enabled progress in neoadjuvant immunotherapy, which has improved pathological complete response rates. Although measures for the prevention and therapeutic management of cSCC are associated with clinical benefit, the prognosis remains poor for advanced disease. Elucidating how the genetic mechanisms that drive cSCC interact with the tumour microenvironment is a current focus in efforts to understand, prevent and treat cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mårten C G Winge
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Laura N Kellman
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Program in Cancer Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Konnie Guo
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jean Y Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Susan M Swetter
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sumaira Z Aasi
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Kavita Y Sarin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Anne Lynn S Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Paul A Khavari
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Program in Cancer Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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24
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Li Q, Li J, Wang K, Liao L, Li Y, Liang H, Huang C, Gan J, Dong X, Hu Y, Cheng J, Ji H, Liu C, Zeng M, Yu S, Wang B, Qian J, Tang Z, Peng Y, Tang S, Li M, Zhou J, Yan J, Li C. Activation of Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase 3 in Liver Regeneration Impedes the Progression of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis Via Exosome-Bound Intercellular Transfer of Ceramides. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:385-410. [PMID: 37245564 PMCID: PMC10372907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The machinery that prevents colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) in the context of liver regeneration (LR) remains elusive. Ceramide (CER) is a potent anti-cancer lipid involved in intercellular interaction. Here, we investigated the role of CER metabolism in mediating the interaction between hepatocytes and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to regulate CRLM in the context of LR. METHODS Mice were intrasplenically injected with CRC cells. LR was induced by 2/3 partial hepatectomy (PH) to mimic the CRLM in the context of LR. The alteration of corresponding CER-metabolizing genes was examined. The biological roles of CER metabolism in vitro and in vivo were examined by performing a series of functional experiments. RESULTS Induction of LR augmented apoptosis but promoted matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to increase the invasiveness of metastatic CRC cells, resulting in aggressive CRLM. Up-regulation of sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (SMPD3) was determined in the regenerating hepatocytes after LR induction and persisted in the CRLM-adjacent hepatocytes after CRLM formation. Hepatic Smpd3 knockdown was found to further promote CRLM in the context of LR by abolishing mitochondrial apoptosis and augmenting the invasiveness in metastatic CRC cells by up-regulating MMP2 and EMT through promoting the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. Mechanistically, we found that hepatic SMPD3 controlled the generation of exosomal CER in the regenerating hepatocytes and the CRLM-adjacent hepatocytes. The SMPD3-produced exosomal CER critically conducted the intercellular transfer of CER from the hepatocytes to metastatic CRC cells and impeded CRLM by inducing mitochondrial apoptosis and restricting the invasiveness in metastatic CRC cells. The administration of nanoliposomal CER was found to suppress CRLM in the context of LR substantially. CONCLUSIONS SMPD3-produced exosomal CER constitutes a critical anti-CRLM mechanism in LR to impede CRLM, offering the promise of using CER as a therapeutic agent to prevent the recurrence of CRLM after PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieyuan Li
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Leyi Liao
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanbiao Liang
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Can Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Gan
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaowen Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxin Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongli Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuiting Liu
- Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minghui Zeng
- Institute of Scientific Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianping Qian
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongshun Tang
- The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonghong Peng
- Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanhua Tang
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengxuan Li
- The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chuanjiang Li
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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25
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Verstappe J, Berx G. A role for partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in enabling stemness in homeostasis and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 90:15-28. [PMID: 36773819 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have self-renewal capacities and the ability to give rise to differentiated cells thereby sustaining tissues during homeostasis and injury. This structural hierarchy extends to tumours which harbor stem-like cells deemed cancer stem cells that propagate the tumour and drive metastasis and relapse. The process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which plays an important role in development and cancer cell migration, was shown to be correlated with stemness in both homeostasis and cancer indicating that stemness can be acquired and is not necessarily an intrinsic trait. Nowadays it is experimentally proven that the activation of an EMT program does not necessarily drive cells towards a fully mesenchymal phenotype but rather to hybrid E/M states. This review offers the latest advances in connecting the EMT status and stem-cell state of both non-transformed and cancer cells. Recent literature clearly shows that hybrid EMT states have a higher probability of acquiring stem cell traits. The position of a cell along the EMT-axis which coincides with a stem cell-like state is known as the stemness window. We show how the original EMT-state of a cell dictates the EMT/MET inducing programmes required to reach stemness. Lastly we present the mechanism of stemness regulation and the regulatory feedback loops which position cells at a certain EMT state along the EMT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Verstappe
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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26
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Weeden CE, Hill W, Lim EL, Grönroos E, Swanton C. Impact of risk factors on early cancer evolution. Cell 2023; 186:1541-1563. [PMID: 37059064 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent identification of oncogenic cells within healthy tissues and the prevalence of indolent cancers found incidentally at autopsies reveal a greater complexity in tumor initiation than previously appreciated. The human body contains roughly 40 trillion cells of 200 different types that are organized within a complex three-dimensional matrix, necessitating exquisite mechanisms to restrain aberrant outgrowth of malignant cells that have the capacity to kill the host. Understanding how this defense is overcome to trigger tumorigenesis and why cancer is so extraordinarily rare at the cellular level is vital to future prevention therapies. In this review, we discuss how early initiated cells are protected from further tumorigenesis and the non-mutagenic pathways by which cancer risk factors promote tumor growth. By nature, the absence of permanent genomic alterations potentially renders these tumor-promoting mechanisms clinically targetable. Finally, we consider existing strategies for early cancer interception with perspectives on the next steps for molecular cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare E Weeden
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - William Hill
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Emilia L Lim
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Center of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Eva Grönroos
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Center of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
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27
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Davalos V, Lovell CD, Von Itter R, Dolgalev I, Agrawal P, Baptiste G, Kahler DJ, Sokolova E, Moran S, Piqué L, Vega-Saenz de Miera E, Fontanals-Cirera B, Karz A, Tsirigos A, Yun C, Darvishian F, Etchevers HC, Osman I, Esteller M, Schober M, Hernando E. An epigenetic switch controls an alternative NR2F2 isoform that unleashes a metastatic program in melanoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1867. [PMID: 37015919 PMCID: PMC10073109 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma develops once transformed melanocytic cells begin to de-differentiate into migratory and invasive melanoma cells with neural crest cell (NCC)-like and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like features. However, it is still unclear how transformed melanocytes assume a metastatic melanoma cell state. Here, we define DNA methylation changes that accompany metastatic progression in melanoma patients and discover Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2 Group F, Member 2 - isoform 2 (NR2F2-Iso2) as an epigenetically regulated metastasis driver. NR2F2-Iso2 is transcribed from an alternative transcriptional start site (TSS) and it is truncated at the N-terminal end which encodes the NR2F2 DNA-binding domain. We find that NR2F2-Iso2 expression is turned off by DNA methylation when NCCs differentiate into melanocytes. Conversely, this process is reversed during metastatic melanoma progression, when NR2F2-Iso2 becomes increasingly hypomethylated and re-expressed. Our functional and molecular studies suggest that NR2F2-Iso2 drives metastatic melanoma progression by modulating the activity of full-length NR2F2 (Isoform 1) over EMT- and NCC-associated target genes. Our findings indicate that DNA methylation changes play a crucial role during metastatic melanoma progression, and their control of NR2F2 activity allows transformed melanocytes to acquire NCC-like and EMT-like features. This epigenetically regulated transcriptional plasticity facilitates cell state transitions and metastatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Davalos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Claudia D Lovell
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Richard Von Itter
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Igor Dolgalev
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Praveen Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/ Montefiore, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gillian Baptiste
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - David J Kahler
- High Throughput Biology Core, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Elena Sokolova
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Sebastian Moran
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laia Piqué
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eleazar Vega-Saenz de Miera
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Barbara Fontanals-Cirera
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Alcida Karz
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Chi Yun
- High Throughput Biology Core, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Farbod Darvishian
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Iman Osman
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red, Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus Schober
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, New York Grossman University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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28
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Andrades E, Toll A, Deza G, Segura S, Gimeno R, Espadas G, Sabidó E, Haro N, Pozo ÓJ, Bódalo M, Torres P, Pujol RM, Hernández-Muñoz I. Loss of dyskerin facilitates the acquisition of metastatic traits by altering the mevalonate pathway. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201692. [PMID: 36732018 PMCID: PMC9899484 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The initial dissemination of cancer cells from many primary tumors implies intravasation to lymphatic nodes or blood vessels. To investigate the mechanisms involved, we analyzed the expression of small non-coding RNAs in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), a prevalent tumor that mainly spreads to lymph nodes. We report the reduced expression of small nucleolar RNAs in primary cSCCs that metastasized when compared to non-metastasizing cSCCs, and the progressive loss of DKC1 (dyskerin, which stabilizes the small nucleolar RNAs) along the metastasis. DKC1 depletion in cSCC cells triggered lipid metabolism by altering the mevalonate pathway and the acquisition of metastatic traits. Treatment of DKC1-depleted cells with simvastatin, an inhibitor of the mevalonate pathway, blocked the expression of proteins involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Consistently, the expression of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 was associated with pathological features of high metastatic risk in cSCC patients. Our data underpin the relevance of the mevalonate metabolism in metastatic dissemination and pave the possible incorporation of therapeutic approaches among the antineoplastic drugs used in routine patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Andrades
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Toll
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Deza
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Segura
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Gimeno
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Espadas
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- Proteomics Unit, Centre de Regulació Genòmica, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Haro
- Applied Metabolomics Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Óscar J Pozo
- Applied Metabolomics Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Bódalo
- MARGenomics, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paloma Torres
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon M Pujol
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Hernández-Muñoz
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Debaugnies M, Rodríguez-Acebes S, Blondeau J, Parent MA, Zocco M, Song Y, de Maertelaer V, Moers V, Latil M, Dubois C, Coulonval K, Impens F, Van Haver D, Dufour S, Uemura A, Sotiropoulou PA, Méndez J, Blanpain C. RHOJ controls EMT-associated resistance to chemotherapy. Nature 2023; 616:168-175. [PMID: 36949199 PMCID: PMC10076223 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of cancer cells to therapy is responsible for the death of most patients with cancer1. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been associated with resistance to therapy in different cancer cells2,3. However, the mechanisms by which EMT mediates resistance to therapy remain poorly understood. Here, using a mouse model of skin squamous cell carcinoma undergoing spontaneous EMT during tumorigenesis, we found that EMT tumour cells are highly resistant to a wide range of anti-cancer therapies both in vivo and in vitro. Using gain and loss of function studies in vitro and in vivo, we found that RHOJ-a small GTPase that is preferentially expressed in EMT cancer cells-controls resistance to therapy. Using genome-wide transcriptomic and proteomic profiling, we found that RHOJ regulates EMT-associated resistance to chemotherapy by enhancing the response to replicative stress and activating the DNA-damage response, enabling tumour cells to rapidly repair DNA lesions induced by chemotherapy. RHOJ interacts with proteins that regulate nuclear actin, and inhibition of actin polymerization sensitizes EMT tumour cells to chemotherapy-induced cell death in a RHOJ-dependent manner. Together, our study uncovers the role and the mechanisms through which RHOJ acts as a key regulator of EMT-associated resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Debaugnies
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Rodríguez-Acebes
- DNA Replication Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeremy Blondeau
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Astrid Parent
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manuel Zocco
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yura Song
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Viviane de Maertelaer
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- ULB-Cancer Research Center (U-crc), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Virginie Moers
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathilde Latil
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Dubois
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katia Coulonval
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- ULB-Cancer Research Center (U-crc), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francis Impens
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB Proteomics Core, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Delphi Van Haver
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB Proteomics Core, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Dufour
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB Proteomics Core, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Akiyoshi Uemura
- Department of Retinal Vascular Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Juan Méndez
- DNA Replication Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cédric Blanpain
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Buxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
- WELBIO, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
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30
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Tsang DA, Tam SYC, Oh CC. Molecular Alterations in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Immunocompetent and Immunosuppressed Hosts-A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061832. [PMID: 36980718 PMCID: PMC10046480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The characterization of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) at the molecular level is lacking in the current literature due to the high mutational burden of this disease. Immunosuppressed patients afflicted with cSCC experience considerable morbidity and mortality. In this article, we review the molecular profile of cSCC among the immunosuppressed and immunocompetent populations at the genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, and proteometabolomic levels, as well as describing key differences in the tumor immune microenvironment between these two populations. We feature novel biomarkers from the recent literature which may serve as potential targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Ann Tsang
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Steve Y C Tam
- Education Resource Centre, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Choon Chiat Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169608, Singapore
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31
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Harnessing epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity to boost cancer immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:318-340. [PMID: 36823234 PMCID: PMC10066239 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is a powerful option for cancer treatment. Despite demonstrable progress, most patients fail to respond or achieve durable responses due to primary or acquired ICB resistance. Recently, tumor epithelial-to-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) was identified as a critical determinant in regulating immune escape and immunotherapy resistance in cancer. In this review, we summarize the emerging role of tumor EMP in ICB resistance and the tumor-intrinsic or extrinsic mechanisms by which tumors exploit EMP to achieve immunosuppression and immune escape. We discuss strategies to modulate tumor EMP to alleviate immune resistance and to enhance the efficiency of ICB therapy. Our discussion provides new prospects to enhance the ICB response for therapeutic gain in cancer patients.
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32
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Fukano M, Alzial G, Lambert R, Deblois G. Profiling the Epigenetic Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment Using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2614:313-348. [PMID: 36587133 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2914-7_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells within a tumor exhibit phenotypic plasticity that allows adaptation and survival in hostile tumor microenvironments. Reprogramming of epigenetic landscapes can support tumor progression within a specific microenvironment by influencing chromatin accessibility and modulating cell identity. The profiling of epigenetic landscapes within various tumor cell populations has significantly improved our understanding of tumor progression and plasticity. This protocol describes an integrated approach using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) optimized to profile genome-wide post-translational modifications of histone tails in tumors. Essential tools amenable to ChIP-seq to isolate tumor cell populations of interest from the tumor microenvironment are also presented to provide a comprehensive approach to perform heterogeneous epigenetic landscape profiling of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fukano
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute (GCI), McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Alzial
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Raphaëlle Lambert
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Geneviève Deblois
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute (GCI), McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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33
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Marles H, Biddle A. Cancer stem cell plasticity and its implications in the development of new clinical approaches for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115212. [PMID: 35985402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents a major worldwide disease burden, with high rates of recurrence and metastatic spread following existing treatment methods. Populations of treatment resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) are well characterised in oral SCC. These populations of CSCs engage the cellular programme known as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) to enhance metastatic spread and therapeutic resistance. EMT is characterised by specific morphological changes and the expression of certain cell surface markers that represent a transition from an epithelial phenotype to a mesenchymal phenotype. This process is regulated by several cellular pathways that interact both horizontally and hierarchically. The cellular changes in EMT occur along a spectrum, with sub-populations of cells displaying both epithelial and mesenchymal features. The unique features of these CSCs in terms of their EMT state, cell surface markers and metabolism may offer new druggable targets. In addition, these features could be used to identify more aggressive disease states and the opportunity to personalise therapy depending on the presence of certain CSC sub-populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Marles
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Adrian Biddle
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK.
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34
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Gupta A, Sasse SK, Berman R, Gruca MA, Dowell RD, Chu HW, Downey GP, Gerber AN. Integrated genomics approaches identify transcriptional mediators and epigenetic responses to Afghan desert particulate matter in small airway epithelial cells. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:389-401. [PMID: 36062885 PMCID: PMC9550581 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00063.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Military Deployment to Southwest Asia and Afghanistan and exposure to toxic airborne particulates have been associated with an increased risk of developing respiratory disease, collectively termed deployment-related respiratory diseases (DRRDs). Our knowledge about how particulates mediate respiratory disease is limited, precluding the appropriate recognition or management. Central to this limitation is the lack of understanding of how exposures translate into dysregulated cell identity with dysregulated transcriptional programs. The small airway epithelium is involved in both the pathobiology of DRRD and fine particulate matter deposition. To characterize small airway epithelial cell epigenetic and transcriptional responses to Afghan desert particulate matter (APM) and investigate the functional interactions of transcription factors that mediate these responses, we applied two genomics assays, the assay for transposase accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) and Precision Run-on sequencing (PRO-seq). We identified activity changes in a series of transcriptional pathways as candidate regulators of susceptibility to subsequent insults, including signal-dependent pathways, such as loss of cytochrome P450 or P53/P63, and lineage-determining transcription factors, such as GRHL2 loss or TEAD3 activation. We further demonstrated that TEAD3 activation was unique to APM exposure despite similar inflammatory responses when compared with wood smoke particle exposure and that P53/P63 program loss was uniquely positioned at the intersection of signal-dependent and lineage-determining transcriptional programs. Our results establish the utility of an integrated genomics approach in characterizing responses to exposures and identifying genomic targets for the advanced investigation of the pathogenesis of DRRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnav Gupta
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Sarah K Sasse
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Reena Berman
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Margaret A Gruca
- Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Robin D Dowell
- Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Hong Wei Chu
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Gregory P Downey
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Anthony N Gerber
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
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35
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Mullins R, Pal A, Barrett TF, Neal MEH, Puram SV. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity in Tumor Immune Evasion. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2329-2343. [PMID: 35363853 PMCID: PMC9256788 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process that occurs during embryogenesis and tissue repair. However, EMT can be hijacked by malignant cells, where it may promote immune evasion and metastasis. Classically considered a dichotomous transition, EMT in cancer has recently been considered a plastic process whereby malignant cells display and interconvert among hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) states. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) and associated hybrid E/M states are divergent from classical EMT, with unique immunomodulatory effects. Here, we review recent insights into the EMP-immune cross-talk, highlighting possible mechanisms of immune evasion conferred by hybrid E/M states and roles of immune cells in EMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley Mullins
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Ananya Pal
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Thomas F Barrett
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Molly E Heft Neal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.,Corresponding author: Sidharth V. Puram, MD PhD, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Campus Box 8115, St. Louis, MO 63110, (314) 362-7509,
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36
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Li A, Liu B, Xu J, Cui Y. Research Progress of Cell Lineage Tracing and Single-Cell Sequencing Technology in Malignant Skin Tumors. Front Surg 2022; 9:934828. [PMID: 35784923 PMCID: PMC9243498 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.934828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell lineage tracing and single-cell sequencing have been widely applied in development biology and oncology to reveal the molecular mechanisms in multiple basic biological processes and the differentiation of stem cells, as well as quantify the differences between single cells. They provide new methods for in-depth understanding of the origin of tumors, the heterogeneity of tumor cells, and the drug resistance mechanism of tumors, thus inspiring new strategies for tumor treatment. In this review, we summarized the progress of cell lineage tracing technology and single-cell sequencing technology in the research of malignant melanoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, attempting to spark new ideas for further research on skin tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingkai Xu
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Yong Cui wuhucuiyong@ vip.163.com Jingkai Xu
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Yong Cui wuhucuiyong@ vip.163.com Jingkai Xu
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37
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Huang Z, Zhang Z, Zhou C, Liu L, Huang C. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition: The history, regulatory mechanism, and cancer therapeutic opportunities. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e144. [PMID: 35601657 PMCID: PMC9115588 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a program wherein epithelial cells lose their junctions and polarity while acquiring mesenchymal properties and invasive ability. Originally defined as an embryogenesis event, EMT has been recognized as a crucial process in tumor progression. During EMT, cell–cell junctions and cell–matrix attachments are disrupted, and the cytoskeleton is remodeled to enhance mobility of cells. This transition of phenotype is largely driven by a group of key transcription factors, typically Snail, Twist, and ZEB, through epigenetic repression of epithelial markers, transcriptional activation of matrix metalloproteinases, and reorganization of cytoskeleton. Mechanistically, EMT is orchestrated by multiple pathways, especially those involved in embryogenesis such as TGFβ, Wnt, Hedgehog, and Hippo, suggesting EMT as an intrinsic link between embryonic development and cancer progression. In addition, redox signaling has also emerged as critical EMT modulator. EMT confers cancer cells with increased metastatic potential and drug resistant capacity, which accounts for tumor recurrence in most clinic cases. Thus, targeting EMT can be a therapeutic option providing a chance of cure for cancer patients. Here, we introduce a brief history of EMT and summarize recent advances in understanding EMT mechanisms, as well as highlighting the therapeutic opportunities by targeting EMT in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Chengwei Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 China
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38
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Werner RL, Nekritz EA, Yan KK, Ju B, Shaner B, Easton J, Yu PJ, Silva J. Single-cell analysis reveals Comma-1D as a unique cell model for mammary gland development and breast cancer. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275228. [PMID: 35502723 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammary epithelial tree contains two distinct populations, luminal and basal. The investigation of how this heterogeneity is developed and how it influences tumorigenesis has been hampered by the need to perform these studies using animal models. Comma-1D is an immortalized mouse mammary epithelial cell line that has unique morphogenetic properties. By performing single-cell RNA-seq studies we found that Comma-1D cultures consist of two main populations with luminal and basal features and a smaller population with mixed lineage and bipotent characteristics. We demonstrated that multiple transcription factors associated with the differentiation of the mammary epithelium in vivo also modulate this process in Comma-1D cultures. Additionally, we found that only cells with luminal features were able to acquire transformed characteristics after an oncogenic HER2 mutant was introduced in their genomes. Overall, our studies characterize at a single-cell level the heterogeneity of the Comma-1D cell line and illustrate how Comma-1D cells can be used as an experimental model to study both the differentiation and the transformation processes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Werner
- Graduate School, Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin A Nekritz
- Graduate School, Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Koon-Kiu Yan
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Bensheng Ju
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Bridget Shaner
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - John Easton
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Partha Jiyang Yu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jose Silva
- Graduate School, Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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39
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Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies PRC2 and KMT2D-COMPASS as regulators of distinct EMT trajectories that contribute differentially to metastasis. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:554-564. [PMID: 35411083 PMCID: PMC9037576 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) programs operate within carcinoma
cells in which they generate phenotypes associated with malignant progression.
In their various manifestations, EMT programs enable epithelial cells to enter
into a series of intermediate states arrayed along the E-M phenotypic spectrum.
At present, we lack a coherent understanding of how carcinoma cells control
their entrance into and continued residence in these various states, and which
of these states favor the process of metastasis. Here, we characterize a layer
of EMT-regulating machinery that governs E-M plasticity (EMP). This machinery
consists of two chromatin-modifying complexes, PRC2 and KMT2D-COMPASS, that
operate as critical regulators to maintain a stable epithelial state.
Interestingly, loss of these two complexes unlocks two distinct EMT
trajectories. Dysfunction of PRC2, but not KMT2D-COMPASS, yields a
quasi-mesenchymal state that is associated with highly metastatic capabilities
and poor survival of breast cancer patients, suggesting great caution should be
applied when PRC2 inhibitors are evaluated clinically in certain patient
cohorts. These observations identify epigenetic factors that regulate E-M
plasticity, determine specific intermediate EMT states and, as a direct
consequence, govern the metastatic ability of carcinoma cells.
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40
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Phenotypic plasticity during metastatic colonization. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:854-867. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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41
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Liang X, Chen Y, Fan Y. Bioinformatics approach to identify common gene signatures of patients with coronavirus 2019 and lung adenocarcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22012-22030. [PMID: 34775559 PMCID: PMC8590527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues as a global pandemic. Patients with lung cancer infected with COVID-19 may develop severe disease or die. Treating such patients severely burdens overwhelmed healthcare systems. Here, we identified potential pathological mechanisms shared between patients with COVID-19 and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Co-expressed, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in patients with COVID-19 and LUAD were identified and used to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and to perform enrichment analysis. We used the NetworkAnalyst platform to establish a co-regulatory of the co-expressed DEGs, and we used Spearman's correlation to evaluate the significance of associations of hub genes with immune infiltration and immune checkpoints. Analysis of three datasets identified 112 shared DEGs, which were used to construct a protein-PPI network. Subsequent enrichment analysis revealed co-expressed genes related to biological process (BP), molecular function (MF), and cellular component (CC) as well as to pathways, specific organs, cells, and diseases. Ten co-expressed hub genes were employed to construct a gene-miRNA, transcription factor (TF)-gene, and TF-miRNA network. Hub genes were significantly associated with immune infiltration and immune checkpoints. Finally, methylation level of hub genes in LUAD was obtained via UALCAN database. The present multi-dimensional study reveals commonality in specific gene expression by patients with COVID-19 and LUAD. These findings provide insights into developing strategies for optimising the management and treatment of patients with LUAD with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yali Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuchao Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Cancer Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.55, Section 4, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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42
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Brown MS, Muller KE, Pattabiraman DR. Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1138. [PMID: 35267444 PMCID: PMC8909103 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversal, the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) are critical components of the metastatic cascade in breast cancer and many other solid tumor types. Recent work has uncovered the presence of a variety of states encompassed within the EMT spectrum, each of which may play unique roles or work collectively to impact tumor progression. However, defining EMT status is not routinely carried out to determine patient prognosis or dictate therapeutic decision-making in the clinic. Identifying and quantifying the presence of various EMT states within a tumor is a critical first step to scoring patient tumors to aid in determining prognosis. Here, we review the major strides taken towards translating our understanding of EMT biology from bench to bedside. We review previously used approaches including basic immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, single-cell sequencing, and multiplexed tumor mapping. Future studies will benefit from the consideration of multiple methods and combinations of markers in designing a diagnostic tool for detecting and measuring EMT in patient tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith S. Brown
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;
| | - Kristen E. Muller
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA;
| | - Diwakar R. Pattabiraman
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
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43
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Wang J, He J, Zhu M, Han Y, Yang R, Liu H, Xu X, Chen X. Cellular Heterogeneity and Plasticity of Skin Epithelial Cells in Wound Healing and Tumorigenesis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1912-1925. [PMID: 35143021 PMCID: PMC9391238 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellular differentiation, the fundamental hallmark of cells, plays a critical role in homeostasis. And stem cells not only regulate the process where embryonic stem cells develop into a complete organism, but also replace ageing or damaged cells by proliferation, differentiation and migration. In characterizing distinct subpopulations of skin epithelial cells, stem cells show large heterogeneity and plasticity for homeostasis, wound healing and tumorigenesis. Epithelial stem cells and committed progenitors replenish each other or by themselves owing to the remarkable plasticity and heterogeneity of epidermal cells under certain circumstance. The development of new assay methods, including single-cell RNA sequence, lineage tracing assay, intravital microscopy systems and photon-ablation assay, highlight the plasticity of epidermal stem cells in response to injure and tumorigenesis. However, the critical mechanisms and key factors that regulate cellular plasticity still need for further exploration. In this review, we discuss the recent insights about the heterogeneity and plasticity of epithelial stem cells in homeostasis, wound healing and skin tumorigenesis. Understanding how stem cells collaborate together to repair injury and initiate tumor will offer new solutions for relevant diseases. Schematic abstract of cellular heterogeneity and plasticity of skin epithelial cells in wound healing and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Burn Surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Burn Surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meishu Zhu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Han
- The Yonghe Medical Group Limited Company, George Town, Cayman Islands
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Department of Burn Surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xuejuan Xu
- Endocrinology Department, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China.
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Burn Surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China.
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44
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Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy P, Xi R, Arguijo D, Everitt JI, Kocak DD, Kobayashi Y, Bozec A, Vicent S, Ding S, Crawford GE, Hsu D, Tata PR, Reddy T, Shen X. Epigenetic basis of oncogenic-Kras-mediated epithelial-cellular proliferation and plasticity. Dev Cell 2022; 57:310-328.e9. [PMID: 35134344 PMCID: PMC8938988 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic Kras induces a hyper-proliferative state that permits cells to progress to neoplasms in diverse epithelial tissues. Depending on the cell of origin, this also involves lineage transformation. Although a multitude of downstream factors have been implicated in these processes, the precise chronology of molecular events controlling them remains elusive. Using mouse models, primary human tissues, and cell lines, we show that, in Kras-mutant alveolar type II cells (AEC2), FOSL1-based AP-1 factor guides the mSWI/SNF complex to increase chromatin accessibility at genomic loci controlling the expression of genes necessary for neoplastic transformation. We identified two orthogonal processes in Kras-mutant distal airway club cells. The first promoted their transdifferentiation into an AEC2-like state through NKX2.1, and the second controlled oncogenic transformation through the AP-1 complex. Our results suggest that neoplasms retain an epigenetic memory of their cell of origin through cell-type-specific transcription factors. Our analysis showed that a cross-tissue-conserved AP-1-dependent chromatin remodeling program regulates carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetish Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. :
| | - Rui Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Diana Arguijo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jeffrey I Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dewran D Kocak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yoshihiko Kobayashi
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Aline Bozec
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silvestre Vicent
- University of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, Program in Solid Tumors, Pamplona, Spain; University of Navarra, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shengli Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Gregory E Crawford
- Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Timothy Reddy
- Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xiling Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Genomics and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
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45
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Cook DP, Wrana JL. A specialist-generalist framework for epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:358-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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46
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Kisoda S, Mouri Y, Kitamura N, Yamamoto T, Miyoshi K, Kudo Y. The role of partial-EMT in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:176-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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47
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A panel of emerging EMT genes identified in malignant mesothelioma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1007. [PMID: 35046456 PMCID: PMC8770645 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04973-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MESO) is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process in malignancies involved in tumor angiogenesis, progression, invasion and metastasis, immunosuppressive microenvironment and therapy resistance. However, there is a lack of specific biomarkers to identify EMT in MESO. Biphasic MESO with dual phenotypes could be an optimal model to study EMT process. Using a powerful EMTome to investigate EMT gene signature, we identified a panel of EMT genes COL5A2, ITGAV, SPARC and ACTA2 in MESO. In combination with TCGA database, Timer2.0 and other resources, we observed that overexpression of these emerging genes is positively correlated with immunosuppressive infiltration, and an unfavorable factor to patient survival in MESO. The expression of these genes was confirmed in our patients and human cell lines. Our findings suggest that these genes may be novel targets for therapeutics and prognosis in MESO and other types of cancers.
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48
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Johnson KS, Hussein S, Chakraborty P, Muruganantham A, Mikhail S, Gonzalez G, Song S, Jolly MK, Toneff MJ, Benton ML, Lin YC, Taube JH. CTCF Expression and Dynamic Motif Accessibility Modulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Gene Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14010209. [PMID: 35008373 PMCID: PMC8750563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversal, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) drive tissue reorganization critical for early development. In carcinomas, processing through EMT, MET, or partial states promotes migration, invasion, dormancy, and metastatic colonization. As a reversible process, EMT is inherently regulated at epigenetic and epigenomic levels. To understand the epigenomic nature of reversible EMT and its partial states, we characterized chromatin accessibility dynamics, transcriptomic output, protein expression, and cellular phenotypes during stepwise reversible EMT. We find that the chromatin insulating protein machinery, including CTCF, is suppressed and re-expressed, coincident with broad alterations in chromatin accessibility, during EMT/MET, and is lower in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines with EMT features. Through an analysis of chromatin accessibility using ATAC-seq, we identify that early phases of EMT are characterized by enrichment for AP-1 family member binding motifs, but also by a diminished enrichment for CTCF binding motifs. Through a loss-of-function analysis, we demonstrate that the suppression of CTCF alters cellular plasticity, strengthening the epithelial phenotype via the upregulation of epithelial markers E-cadherin/CDH1 and downregulation of N-cadherin/CDH2. Conversely, the upregulation of CTCF leads to the upregulation of EMT gene expression and an increase in mesenchymal traits. These findings are indicative of a role of CTCF in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey S. Johnson
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (K.S.J.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (G.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Scott & White, Dallas, TX 75246, USA; (S.H.); (Y.C.L.)
| | - Priyanka Chakraborty
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (P.C.); (M.K.J.)
| | - Arvind Muruganantham
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (K.S.J.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (G.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sheridan Mikhail
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (K.S.J.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (G.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Giovanny Gonzalez
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (K.S.J.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (G.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Shuxuan Song
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (K.S.J.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (G.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; (P.C.); (M.K.J.)
| | | | | | - Yin C. Lin
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Scott & White, Dallas, TX 75246, USA; (S.H.); (Y.C.L.)
| | - Joseph H. Taube
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (K.S.J.); (A.M.); (S.M.); (G.G.); (S.S.)
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Houston, TX 76706, USA
- Correspondence:
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Niu G, Hao J, Sheng S, Wen F. Role of T-box genes in cancer, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and cancer stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:215-230. [PMID: 34897787 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sharing a common DNA binding motif called T-box, transcription factor T-box gene family controls embryonic development and is also involved in cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer metastasis shows therapy resistance and involves complex processes. Among them, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) triggers cancer cell invasiveness and the acquisition of stemness of cancer cells, called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are a small fraction of tumor bulk and are capable of self-renewal and tumorsphere formation. Recent progress has highlighted the critical roles of T-box genes in cancer progression, EMT, and CSC function, and such regulatory functions of T-box genes have emerged as potential therapeutic candidates for cancer. Herein we summarize the current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of T-box genes in cancer, EMT, and CSCs, and discuss the implications of targeting T-box genes as anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengle Niu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jin Hao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Surui Sheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyuan Wen
- Department of Outpatient, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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50
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Lüönd F, Sugiyama N, Bill R, Bornes L, Hager C, Tang F, Santacroce N, Beisel C, Ivanek R, Bürglin T, Tiede S, van Rheenen J, Christofori G. Distinct contributions of partial and full EMT to breast cancer malignancy. Dev Cell 2021; 56:3203-3221.e11. [PMID: 34847378 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a transient, reversible process of cell de-differentiation where cancer cells transit between various stages of an EMT continuum, including epithelial, partial EMT, and mesenchymal cell states. We have employed Tamoxifen-inducible dual recombinase lineage tracing systems combined with live imaging and 5-cell RNA sequencing to track cancer cells undergoing partial or full EMT in the MMTV-PyMT mouse model of metastatic breast cancer. In primary tumors, cancer cells infrequently undergo EMT and mostly transition between epithelial and partial EMT states but rarely reach full EMT. Cells undergoing partial EMT contribute to lung metastasis and chemoresistance, whereas full EMT cells mostly retain a mesenchymal phenotype and fail to colonize the lungs. However, full EMT cancer cells are enriched in recurrent tumors upon chemotherapy. Hence, cancer cells in various stages of the EMT continuum differentially contribute to hallmarks of breast cancer malignancy, such as tumor invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Lüönd
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nami Sugiyama
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Ruben Bill
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Bornes
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1006 BE Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carolina Hager
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fengyuan Tang
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Natascha Santacroce
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Beisel
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Ivanek
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bürglin
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Tiede
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1006 BE Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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