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Sluka P, Ackermann U, Rigopoulos A, Wardan H, Pezaro C, Burvenich IJ, Scott AM, Davis ID. Characterization of an Estrogen Receptor α-Selective 18 F-Estradiol PET Tracer. World J Nucl Med 2024; 23:153-160. [PMID: 39170834 PMCID: PMC11335392 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Conventional imaging of cancer with modalities such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging provides little information about the underlying biology of the cancer and consequently little guidance for systemic treatment choices. Accurate identification of aggressive cancers or those that are likely to respond to specific treatment regimens would allow more precisely tailored treatments to be used. The expression of the estrogen receptor α subunit is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, with a greater propensity to metastasize. We aimed to characterize the binding properties of an 18 F-estradiol positron emission tomography (PET) tracer in its ability to bind to the α and β forms of estrogen receptors in vitro and confirmed its binding to estrogen receptor α in vivo. Methods The 18 F-estradiol PET tracer was synthesized and its quality confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Binding of the tracer was assessed in vitro by saturation and competitive binding studies to HEK293T cells transfected with estrogen receptor α ( ESR1 ) and/or estrogen receptor β ( ESR2 ). Binding of the tracer to estrogen receptor α in vivo was assessed by imaging of uptake of the tracer into MCF7 xenografts in BALB/c nu/nu mice. Results The 18 F-estradiol PET tracer bound with high affinity (94 nM) to estrogen receptor α, with negligible binding to estrogen receptor β. Uptake of the tracer was observed in MCF7 xenografts, which almost exclusively express estrogen receptor α. Conclusion 18 F-estradiol PET tracer binds in vitro with high specificity to the estrogen receptor α isoform, with minimal binding to estrogen receptor β. This may help distinguish human cancers with biological dependence on estrogen receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Sluka
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Uwe Ackermann
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Angela Rigopoulos
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Hady Wardan
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Carmel Pezaro
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Department of Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Ingrid J.G. Burvenich
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Scott
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian D. Davis
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Department of Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
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Lv J, Jin S, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li M, Feng N. Equol: a metabolite of gut microbiota with potential antitumor effects. Gut Pathog 2024; 16:35. [PMID: 38972976 PMCID: PMC11229234 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-024-00625-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that the consumption of soybeans and soybeans products is beneficial to human health, and the biological activity of soy products may be attributed to the presence of Soy Isoflavones (SI) in soybeans. In the intestinal tracts of humans and animals, certain specific bacteria can metabolize soy isoflavones into equol. Equol has a similar chemical structure to endogenous estradiol in the human body, which can bind with estrogen receptors and exert weak estrogen effects. Therefore, equol plays an important role in the occurrence and development of a variety of hormone-dependent malignancies such as breast cancer and prostate cancer. Despite the numerous health benefits of equol for humans, only 30-50% of the population can metabolize soy isoflavones into equol, with individual variation in gut microbiota being the main reason. This article provides an overview of the relevant gut microbiota involved in the synthesis of equol and its anti-tumor effects in various types of cancer. It also summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-tumor properties, aiming to provide a more reliable theoretical basis for the rational utilization of equol in the field of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shengkai Jin
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, China
| | - Yuhua Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Menglu Li
- Department of Urology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China.
- Jiangnan University Medical Center, 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214002, China.
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, China.
- Department of Urology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China.
- Jiangnan University Medical Center, 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214002, China.
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Tinivella A, Nwachukwu JC, Angeli A, Foschi F, Benatti AL, Pinzi L, Izard T, Ferraroni M, Erumbi R, Christodoulou MS, Passarella D, Supuran CT, Nettles KW, Rastelli G. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and crystal structure determination of dual modulators of carbonic anhydrases and estrogen receptors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:115011. [PMID: 36516582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multi-target compounds have become increasingly important for the development of safer and more effective drug candidates. In this work, we devised a combined ligand-based and structure-based multi-target repurposing strategy and applied it to a series of hexahydrocyclopenta[c]quinoline compounds synthesized previously. The in silico analyses identified human Carbonic Anhydrases (hCA) and Estrogen Receptors (ER) as top scoring candidates for dual modulation. hCA isoforms IX and XII, and ER subtypes ER⍺ and/or ERβ are co-expressed in various cancer cell types, including breast and prostate cancer cells. ER⍺ is the primary target of anti-estrogen therapy in breast cancer, and the hCA IX isoform is a therapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer. ER⍺-mediated transcriptional programs and hCA activity in cancer cells promote favorable microenvironments for cell proliferation. Interestingly, several lines of evidence indicate that the combined modulation of these two targets may provide significant therapeutic benefits. Moving from these first results, two additional hexahydrocyclopenta[c]quinoline derivatives bearing a sulfonamide zinc binding group (hCA) and a phenolic hydroxyl (ER) pharmacophoric group placed at the appropriate locations were designed and synthesized. Interestingly, these compounds were able to directly modulate the activities of both hCA and ER targets. In cell-based assays, they inhibited proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells with micromolar potency and cell type-selective efficacy. The compounds inhibited hCA activity with nanomolar potency and isoform-selectivity. In transactivation assays, they reduced estrogen-driven ER activity with micro-molar potency. Finally, crystal structures of the synthesized ligands in complex with the two targets revealed that the compounds bind directly to the hCA active site, as well as to the ER ligand-binding domain, providing structural explanation to the observed activity and a rationale for optimization of their dual activity. To the best of our knowledge, this work describes the design, synthesis and biological characterization of the first dual modulators of hCA and ER, laying the ground for the structure-based optimization of their multi-target activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Tinivella
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy; Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jerome C Nwachukwu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, University of Florida Scripps Biomedical Research, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Foschi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Benatti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pinzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Tina Izard
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, University of Florida Scripps Biomedical Research, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Marta Ferraroni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Rangarajan Erumbi
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, University of Florida Scripps Biomedical Research, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Michael S Christodoulou
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Kendall W Nettles
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, University of Florida Scripps Biomedical Research, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Giulio Rastelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy.
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Parent EE, Fowler AM. Nuclear Receptor Imaging In Vivo-Clinical and Research Advances. J Endocr Soc 2022; 7:bvac197. [PMID: 36655003 PMCID: PMC9838808 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are transcription factors that function in normal physiology and play important roles in diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and diabetes. Noninvasive imaging of nuclear receptors can be achieved using radiolabeled ligands and positron emission tomography (PET). This quantitative imaging approach can be viewed as an in vivo equivalent of the classic radioligand binding assay. A main clinical application of nuclear receptor imaging in oncology is to identify metastatic sites expressing nuclear receptors that are targets for approved drug therapies and are capable of binding ligands to improve treatment decision-making. Research applications of nuclear receptor imaging include novel synthetic ligand and drug development by quantifying target drug engagement with the receptor for optimal therapeutic drug dosing and for fundamental research into nuclear receptor function in cells and animal models. This mini-review provides an overview of PET imaging of nuclear receptors with a focus on radioligands for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and androgen receptor and their use in breast and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephraim E Parent
- Mayo Clinic Florida, Department of Radiology, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Amy M Fowler
- Correspondence: Amy M. Fowler, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA.
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Zhang Y, Ma L, Dong S, Ding Q, Wang S, Wu Q, Ni P, Zhang H, Chen Y, Wu J, Wang X. TLR4 inhibition suppresses growth in oestrogen-induced prolactinoma models. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022; 29:703-716. [PMID: 36219868 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Prolactinomas have harmful effects on human health. Bromocriptine is the only commercially available drug in China, but about 25% of prolactinoma patients do not respond to it in clinic, its pathogenesis remains unknown. Thus, its pathogenesis needs to be determined to develop new therapeutic methods for prolactinomas. The expression of ERβ, TLR4, and prolactin (PRL) in the pituitary gland of C57BL/6 mice and human prolactinoma specimen was examined by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry. The role of TLR4 in prolactinoma was determined using estradiol-induced models of C57BL/6 wild-type and TLR4-/- mice. MMQ cells were treated with estradiol, fulvestrant, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or transfected with TLR4 siRNA to study the expression of ERβ, TLR4, and PRL in these cells. Furthermore, the interaction between ERβ and TLR4 was investigated by immunoprecipitation analysis. The expression of PRL and TLR4 was co-located and increased in the pituitary gland of mice and human prolactinoma specimen compared to that in the control specimen. Meanwhile, TLR4 knockout or treatment with the TLR4 inhibitor TAK242 not only significantly inhibited tumor overgrowth but also decreased the expression of PRL in estradiol-treated mice through p38 MAPK pathway regulation. However, MMQ treated with estradiol and LPS enhanced PRL expression than treated with estradiol or LPS alone. Finally, ERβ or TLR4 inhibition prevented the estradiol-induced PRL increase by regulating the TLR4/p38 MAPK pathway in vitro. Estradiol promoted prolactinoma development by activating the TLR4/p38 MAPK pathway through ERβ, and TLR4 is a potential therapeutic target for prolactinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Pulmonary Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Shuguang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Qiaoyan Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Pulmonary Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuman Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Ni
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Yonggang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongren hospital affiliated to Wuhan University (The Third Hospital of Wuhan), Wuhan, China
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6
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Burgos CF, Cikutovic R, Alarcón M. MicroRNA expression in male infertility. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022; 34:805-818. [PMID: 35760398 DOI: 10.1071/rd21131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a multifactorial disorder that involves different physiopathological mechanisms and multiple genes. In this sense, we analyse the role of miRNAs in this pathology. Gene expression analysis can provide relevant information to detect biomarkers, signalling pathways, pathologic mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets for the disease. In this review, we describe four miRNA microarrays related to patients who present infertility diseases, including azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and oligoasthenozoospermic. We selected 13 miRNAs with altered expressions in testis tissue (hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-145-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-193a-3p, hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-30b-5p, hsa-miR-34b-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p, hsa-miR-374b-5p, hsa-miR-449a, hsa-miR-574-3p and hsa-miR-92a-3p), and systematically examine the mechanisms of four relevant miRNAs (hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-3p and hsa-miR-30b-5p) which we found that regulated a large number of proteins. An interaction network was generated, and its connections allowed us to identify signalling pathways and interactions between proteins associated with male infertility. In this way, we confirm that the most affected and relevant pathway is the PI3K-Akt signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Burgos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion, Chile
| | - R Cikutovic
- Universidad de Talca, Talca, 360000 Maule, Chile
| | - M Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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7
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Transcriptome profiling and proteomic validation reveals targets of the androgen receptor signaling in the BT-474 breast cancer cell line. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:14. [PMID: 35568821 PMCID: PMC9107748 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09352-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the androgen receptor (AR) and its endogenous ligands influence disease progression in breast cancer (BCa). However, AR-mediated changes in BCa differ among the various BCa subtypes according to their hormone receptor profile [i.e., presence/absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, (HER2)]. Thus, we explored the androgen-regulated transcriptomic changes in the ER+PR+HER2+ BCa cell line, BT-474, and compared them with PR-mediated changes. METHODS We performed RNA sequencing analysis in treated BT-474 cells with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and progesterone. Validation of the top ten differentially androgen-regulated genes and a number of other genes found in enriched signaling pathways was performed by qRT-PCR in BT-474 and other BCa cell lines. In addition, a parallel reaction monitoring targeted proteomic approach was developed to verify selected transcripts at the protein level. RESULTS In total 19,450 transcripts were detected, of which 224 were differentially regulated after DHT treatment. The increased expression of two well-known androgen-regulated genes, KLK2 (p < 0.05) and KLK3 (p < 0.001), confirmed the successful androgen stimulation in BT-474 cells. The transcription factor, ZBTB16, was the most highly upregulated gene, with ~ 1000-fold change (p < 0.001). Pathway enrichment analysis revealed downregulation of the DNA replication processes (p < 0.05) and upregulation of the androgen signaling and fatty acid metabolism pathways (p < 0.05). Changes related to progesterone treatment showed opposite effects in gene expression than DHT treatment. Similar expression profiles were observed among other BCa cell lines expressing high levels of AR (ZR75.1 and MBA-MB-453). The parallel reaction monitoring targeted proteomic analysis further confirmed that altered protein expression (KLK3, ALOX15B) in the supernatant and cell lysate of DHT-treated BT-474 cells, compared to control cells. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that AR modulates the metabolism of BT-474 cells by affecting the expression of a large number of genes and proteins. Based on further pathway analysis, we suggest that androgen receptor acts as a tumor suppressor in the BT-474 cells.
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ERβ Isoforms Have Differential Clinical Significance in Breast Cancer Subtypes and Subgroups. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1564-1586. [PMID: 35723365 PMCID: PMC9164084 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
ERβ, an ER subtype first identified in 1996, is highly expressed in different types of BCa including ERα-negative BCa and TNBC. Many studies on ERβ expression investigated mostly on ERβ1 protein expression in ERα-positive and ERα-negative BCa combined. The results are conflicting. This may be due to the complexity of ERβ isoforms, subject heterogeneity, and various study designs targeting different ERβ isoforms and either ERβ protein or mRNA expression, as well as to the lack of a standardized testing protocol. Herein, we simultaneously investigated both mRNA and protein expression of ERβ isoforms 1, 2, and 5 in different BCa subtypes and clinical characteristics. Patient samples (138) and breast cancer cell lines (BCC) reflecting different types of BCa were tested for ERα and ERβ mRNA expression using quantitative real-time PCR, as well as for protein expression of ERα, ERβ1, ERβ2, and ERβ5 isoforms, PR, HER2/neu, Ki-67, CK 5/6, and p53 using immunohistochemistry. Associations of ERβ isoform expression with clinical characteristics and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. ERβ1, 2, and 5 isoforms are differentially expressed in different BCa subtypes including ERα-negative and TNBC. Each ERβ isoform seemingly plays a distinct role and is associated with clinical tumor characteristics and patient outcomes. ERβ isoform expression is significantly associated with >15% Ki-67 positivity and poor prognostic markers, and it predicts poorer OS, mostly in the subgroups. High ERβ2 and 5 isoform expression in ERα-negative BCa and TNBC is predictive of poor OS. Further investigation of ERβ isoforms in a larger cohort of BCa subgroups is needed to evaluate the role of ERβ for the potential usefulness of ERβ as a prognostic and predictive marker and for therapeutic use. The inconsistent outcomes of ERβ isoform mRNA or protein expression in many studies suggest that the standardization of ERβ testing would facilitate the use of ERβ in a clinical setting.
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Chen D, Wang M, Zhang H, Zhou S, Luo C. Estrogen receptor β2 (ERβ2)-mediated upregulation of hsa_circ_0000732 promotes tumor progression via sponging microRNA-1184 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Inflamm Res 2022; 71:255-266. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Li YZ, Zhang C, Pei JP, Zhang WC, Zhang CD, Dai DQ. The functional role of Pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1 in cancer. J Cancer 2022; 13:268-277. [PMID: 34976188 PMCID: PMC8692700 DOI: 10.7150/jca.58982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are neogrowths formed by the growth of normal cells or tissues through complex mechanisms under the influence of many factors. The occurrence and development of tumors are affected by many factors. Pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1 (PES1) has been identified as a cancer-related gene. The study of these genes may open up new avenues for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors. As a nucleolar protein and part of the Pes1/Bop1/WDR12 (PeBoW) complex, PES1 is involved in ribosome biogenesis and DNA replication. Many studies have shown that high expression of PES1 is often closely related to the occurrence, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, prognosis and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics of various human malignant tumors through a series of molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. The molecules that regulate the expression of PES1 include microRNA (miRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), c-Jun, bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) and nucleolar phosphoprotein B23. However, the detailed pathogenic mechanisms of PES1 overexpression in human malignancies remains unclear. This article summarizes the role of PES1 in the carcinogenesis, prognosis and treatment of multiple tumors, and introduces the molecular mechanisms and signal transduction pathways related to PES1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhi Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Jun-Peng Pei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Wan-Chuan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Chun-Dong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Dong-Qiu Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.,Cancer Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
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Sekar S, Subbamanda Y, Pullaguri N, Sharma A, Sahu C, Kumar R, Bhargava A. Isoform-specific expression of T-type voltage-gated calcium channels and estrogen receptors in breast cancer reveals specific isoforms that may be potential targets. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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12
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Dittmer J. Biological effects and regulation of IGFBP5 in breast cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:983793. [PMID: 36093095 PMCID: PMC9453429 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.983793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) pathway plays an important role in cancer progression. In breast cancer, the IGF1R pathway is linked to estrogen-dependent signaling. Regulation of IGF1R activity is complex and involves the actions of its ligands IGF1 and IGF2 and those of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). Six IGFBPs are known that share the ability to form complexes with the IGFs, by which they control the bioavailability of these ligands. Besides, each of the IGFBPs have specific features. In this review, the focus lies on the biological effects and regulation of IGFBP5 in breast cancer. In breast cancer, estrogen is a critical regulator of IGFBP5 transcription. It exerts its effect through an intergenic enhancer loop that is part of the chromosomal breast cancer susceptibility region 2q35. The biological effects of IGFBP5 depend upon the cellular context. By inhibiting or promoting IGF1R signaling, IGFBP5 can either act as a tumor suppressor or promoter. Additionally, IGFBP5 possesses IGF-independent activities, which contribute to the complexity by which IGFBP5 interferes with cancer cell behavior.
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Dimauro I, Grazioli E, Antinozzi C, Duranti G, Arminio A, Mancini A, Greco EA, Caporossi D, Parisi A, Di Luigi L. Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women: The Role of Body Composition and Physical Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9834. [PMID: 34574758 PMCID: PMC8467802 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide and the most common cause of cancer-related death. To date, it is still a challenge to estimate the magnitude of the clinical impact of physical activity (PA) on those parameters producing significative changes in future BC risk and disease progression. However, studies conducted in recent years highlight the role of PA not only as a protective factor for the development of ER+ breast cancer but, more generally, as a useful tool in the management of BC treatment as an adjuvant to traditional therapies. In this review, we focused our attention on data obtained from human studies analyzing, at each level of disease prevention (i.e., primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary), the positive impact of PA/exercise in ER+ BC, a subtype representing approximately 70% of all BC diagnoses. Moreover, given the importance of estrogen receptors and body composition (i.e., adipose tissue) in this subtype of BC, an overview of their role will also be made throughout this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Dimauro
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elisa Grazioli
- Unit of Physical Exercise and Sport Sciences, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Cristina Antinozzi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (A.A.); (E.A.G.); (L.D.L.)
| | - Guglielmo Duranti
- Unit of Biocheminstry and Molecular Biology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessia Arminio
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (A.A.); (E.A.G.); (L.D.L.)
| | - Annamaria Mancini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere (DISMeB), Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via F. Acton, 38, 80133 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Via Gaetano Salvatore 482, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela A. Greco
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (A.A.); (E.A.G.); (L.D.L.)
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Caporossi
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy;
| | - Attilio Parisi
- Unit of Physical Exercise and Sport Sciences, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy; (E.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (A.A.); (E.A.G.); (L.D.L.)
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Dittmer J. Nuclear Mechanisms Involved in Endocrine Resistance. Front Oncol 2021; 11:736597. [PMID: 34604071 PMCID: PMC8480308 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.736597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is a standard treatment offered to patients with ERα (estrogen receptor α)-positive breast cancer. In endocrine therapy, ERα is either directly targeted by anti-estrogens or indirectly by aromatase inhibitors which cause estrogen deficiency. Resistance to these drugs (endocrine resistance) compromises the efficiency of this treatment and requires additional measures. Endocrine resistance is often caused by deregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and/or cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 activities allowing inhibitors of these factors to be used clinically to counteract endocrine resistance. The nuclear mechanisms involved in endocrine resistance are beginning to emerge. Exploring these mechanisms may reveal additional druggable targets, which could help to further improve patients' outcome in an endocrine resistance setting. This review intends to summarize our current knowledge on the nuclear mechanisms linked to endocrine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Dittmer
- Clinic for Gynecology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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15
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Akyu Takei R, Tomihara K, Yamazaki M, Moniruzzaman R, Heshiki W, Sekido K, Tachinami H, Sakurai K, Yonesi A, Imaue S, Fujiwara K, Noguchi M. Protumor role of estrogen receptor expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 132:549-565. [PMID: 34518137 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the protumor role of estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated signaling in multiple cancer types, which is distinct from this signaling in sex steroid-dependent organs. However, its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. STUDY DESIGN We assessed the expression of ERα and ERβ in human OSCC tissues by immunohistochemistry and evaluated the expression of both receptors in OSCC cell lines by immunoblotting and flow cytometry. To further assess the contribution of ER-mediated signals to oral cancer progression, proliferation, invasion, and chemosensitivity, cell lines were stimulated with the ER agonist β-estradiol. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis of OSCC tissues showed that ERβ was present in the cytoplasm and nuclei of OSCC cells. In contrast, ERα was not detected in any of the cases analyzed. Additionally, the proliferation and invasiveness of OSCC cells were significantly elevated following stimulation with β-estradiol. Chemotherapeutic agent-induced apoptosis of cancer cells was attenuated by pretreatment with β-estradiol. CONCLUSIONS ER-mediated signaling plays a crucial role in oral cancer progression by facilitating the proliferation, invasion, and chemoresistance of OSCC cells, indicating its potential for developing novel targeted therapies for this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Akyu Takei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saiseikai Toyama Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kei Tomihara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Manabu Yamazaki
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rohan Moniruzzaman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Wataru Heshiki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Independent Administrative Corporation Naha City Hospital, Naha, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Sekido
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Toyama Red Cross Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hidetake Tachinami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kotaro Sakurai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Amirmoezz Yonesi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shuichi Imaue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kumiko Fujiwara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Makoto Noguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Almeida CF, Teixeira N, Oliveira A, Augusto TV, Correia-da-Silva G, Ramos MJ, Fernandes PA, Amaral C. Discovery of a multi-target compound for estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) breast cancer: Involvement of aromatase and ERs. Biochimie 2020; 181:65-76. [PMID: 33278557 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite intense research, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide, being estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) the most common subtype. Nowadays, aromatase inhibitors (AIs), the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) tamoxifen and the selective estrogen receptor down-regulator (SERD) fulvestrant are used as therapeutic options for ER+ breast cancer, since they interfere directly with the production of estrogens and with the activation of estrogen-dependent signaling pathways. Despite the success of these treatments, the occurrence of resistance limits their clinical efficacy, demanding the development of novel therapies. Recently, multi-target compounds emerged as promising therapeutic strategies for ER+ breast cancer, as they can potentially modulate several important targets simultaneously. In line with this, in this work, the anti-cancer properties and multi-target action of 1,1-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylbut-1-ene, tamoxifen bisphenol (1,1-BHPE), were evaluated in an ER+ breast cancer cell model (MCF-7aro cells). Molecular docking analysis predicted that 1,1-BHPE was able to bind to aromatase, ERα and ERβ. In vitro studies showed that, although it did not present anti-aromatase activity, 1,1-BHPE reduced aromatase protein levels and interfered with ERα and ERβ signaling pathways, acting as an ERα antagonist and inducing ERβ up-regulation. Through these mechanisms, 1,1-BHPE was able to impair breast cancer growth and induce apoptosis. This represents an important therapeutic advantage because the main players responsible for estrogen production and signaling are modulated by a single compound. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing the anti-cancer properties of 1,1-BHPE as a multi-target compound specific for ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ferreira Almeida
- UCIBIO.REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Natércia Teixeira
- UCIBIO.REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Oliveira
- LAQV.REQUIMTE, Computational Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago V Augusto
- UCIBIO.REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Georgina Correia-da-Silva
- UCIBIO.REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Ramos
- LAQV.REQUIMTE, Computational Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Alexandrino Fernandes
- LAQV.REQUIMTE, Computational Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Amaral
- UCIBIO.REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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17
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Vohra M, Sharma AR, Prabhu B N, Rai PS. SNPs in Sites for DNA Methylation, Transcription Factor Binding, and miRNA Targets Leading to Allele-Specific Gene Expression and Contributing to Complex Disease Risk: A Systematic Review. Public Health Genomics 2020; 23:155-170. [PMID: 32966991 DOI: 10.1159/000510253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The complex genetic diversity among human populations results from an assortment of factors acting at various sequential levels, including mutations, population migrations, genetic drift, and selection. Although there are a plethora of DNA sequence variations identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the challenge remains to explain the mechanisms underlying interindividual phenotypic disparity accounting for disease susceptibility. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in the sites for DNA methylation, transcription factor (TF) binding, or miRNA targets can alter the gene expression. The systematic review aimed to evaluate the complex crosstalk among SNPs, miRNAs, DNA methylation, and TFs for complex multifactorial disease risk. METHODS PubMed and Scopus databases were used from inception until May 15, 2019. Initially, screening of articles involved studies assessing the interaction of SNPs with TFs, DNA methylation, or miRNAs resulting in allele-specific gene expression in complex multifactorial diseases. We also included the studies which provided experimental validation of the interaction of SNPs with each of these factors. The results from various studies on multifactorial diseases were assessed. RESULTS A total of 11 articles for SNPs interacting with DNA methylation, 30 articles for SNPs interacting with TFs, and 11 articles for SNPs in miRNA binding sites were selected. The interactions of SNPs with epigenetic factors were found to be implicated in different types of cancers, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and asthma. CONCLUSION The systematic review provides evidence for the interplay between genetic and epigenetic risk factors through allele-specific gene expression in various complex multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manik Vohra
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Anu Radha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Navya Prabhu B
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India,
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18
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Sellitto A, D’Agostino Y, Alexandrova E, Lamberti J, Pecoraro G, Memoli D, Rocco D, Coviello E, Giurato G, Nassa G, Tarallo R, Weisz A, Rizzo F. Insights into the Role of Estrogen Receptor β in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061477. [PMID: 32516978 PMCID: PMC7353068 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) are ligand-activated transcription factors that play different roles in gene regulation and show both overlapping and specific tissue distribution patterns. ERβ, contrary to the oncogenic ERα, has been shown to act as an oncosuppressor in several instances. However, while the tumor-promoting actions of ERα are well-known, the exact role of ERβ in carcinogenesis and tumor progression is not yet fully understood. Indeed, to date, highly variable and even opposite effects have been ascribed to ERβ in cancer, including for example both proliferative and growth-inhibitory actions. Recently ERβ has been proposed as a potential target for cancer therapy, since it is expressed in a variety of breast cancers (BCs), including triple-negative ones (TNBCs). Because of the dependence of TNBCs on active cellular signaling, numerous studies have attempted to unravel the mechanism(s) behind ERβ-regulated gene expression programs but the scenario has not been fully revealed. We comprehensively reviewed the current state of knowledge concerning ERβ role in TNBC biology, focusing on the different signaling pathways and cellular processes regulated by this transcription factor, as they could be useful in identifying new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Sellitto
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Ylenia D’Agostino
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Elena Alexandrova
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Jessica Lamberti
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Giovanni Pecoraro
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Domenico Memoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Domenico Rocco
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Elena Coviello
- Genomix4Life, via S. Allende 43/L, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy;
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Roberta Tarallo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
- CRGS (Genome Research Center for Health), University of Salerno Campus of Medicine, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (F.R.); Tel.: (39+)-089-965043 (A.W.); Tel.: (39+)-089-965221 (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Rizzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (A.S.); (Y.D.); (E.A.); (J.L.); (G.P.); (D.M.); (D.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (R.T.)
- CRGS (Genome Research Center for Health), University of Salerno Campus of Medicine, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (F.R.); Tel.: (39+)-089-965043 (A.W.); Tel.: (39+)-089-965221 (F.R.)
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Piperigkou Z, Karamanos NK. Estrogen receptor-mediated targeting of the extracellular matrix network in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 62:116-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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20
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Karamanou K, Franchi M, Onisto M, Passi A, Vynios DH, Brézillon S. Evaluation of lumican effects on morphology of invading breast cancer cells, expression of integrins and downstream signaling. FEBS J 2020; 287:4862-4880. [PMID: 32160387 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The small leucine-rich proteoglycan lumican regulates estrogen receptors (ERs)-associated functional properties of breast cancer cells, expression of matrix macromolecules, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. However, it is not known whether the ER-dependent lumican effects on breast cancer cells are related to the expression of integrins and their intracellular signaling pathways. Here, we analyzed the effects of lumican in three breast cancer cell lines: the highly metastatic ERβ-positive MDA-MB-231, cells with the respective ERβ-suppressed (shERβMDA-MB-231), and lowly invasive ERα-positive MCF-7/c breast cancer cells. Scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, real-time PCR, western blot, and cell adhesion assays were performed. Lumican effects on breast cancer cell morphology were also investigated in 3-dimensional collagen cultures. Lumican treatment induced cell-cell contacts and cell grouping and inhibited microvesicles and microvilli formation. The expression of the cell surface adhesion receptor CD44, its isoform and variants, hyaluronan (HA), and HA synthases was also investigated. Lumican inhibited the expression of CD44 and HA synthases, and its effect on cell adhesion revealed a major role of α1, α2, α3, αVβ3, and αVβ5 integrins in MDA-MB-231 cells, but not in MCF-7/c cells. Lumican upregulated the expression of α2 and β1 integrin subunits both in MDA-MB-231 and in shERβMDA-MB-231 as compared to MCF-7/c cells. Downstream signaling pathways for integrins, such as FAK, ERK 1/2 MAPK 42/44, and Akt, were found to be downregulated by lumican. Our data shed light to the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anticancer activity of lumican in invasive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Karamanou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7369, Reims, France
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Maurizio Onisto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Demitrios H Vynios
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stéphane Brézillon
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7369, Reims, France
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21
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Guercio G, Saraco N, Costanzo M, Marino R, Ramirez P, Berensztein E, Rivarola MA, Belgorosky A. Estrogens in Human Male Gonadotropin Secretion and Testicular Physiology From Infancy to Late Puberty. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:72. [PMID: 32158430 PMCID: PMC7051936 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several reports in humans as well as transgenic mouse models have shown that estrogens play an important role in male reproduction and fertility. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) are expressed in different male tissues including the brain. The estradiol-binding protein GPER1 also mediates estrogen action in target tissues. In human testes a minimal ERα expression during prepuberty along with a marked pubertal up-regulation in germ cells has been reported. ERβ expression was detected mostly in spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, and immature spermatids. In Sertoli cells ERβ expression increases with age. The aromatase enzyme (cP450arom), which converts androgens to estrogens, is widely expressed in human tissues (including gonads and hypothalamus), even during fetal life, suggesting that estrogens are also involved in human fetal physiology. Moreover, cP450arom is expressed in the early postnatal testicular Leydig cells and spermatogonia. Even though the aromatase complex is required for estrogen synthesis, its biological relevance is also related to the regulation of the balance between androgens and estrogens in different tissues. Knockout mouse models of aromatase (ArKO) and estrogen receptors (ERKOα, ERKOβ, and ERKOαβ) provide an important tool to study the effects of estrogens on the male reproductive physiology including the gonadal axis. High basal serum FSH levels were reported in adult aromatase-deficient men, suggesting that estrogens are involved in the negative regulatory gonadotropin feedback. However, normal serum gonadotropin levels were observed in an aromatase-deficient boy, suggesting a maturational pattern role of estrogen in the regulation of gonadotropin secretion. Nevertheless, the role of estrogens in primate testis development and function is controversial and poorly understood. This review addresses the role of estrogens in gonadotropin secretion and testicular physiology in male humans especially during childhood and puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Guercio
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Research Institute Garrahan-CONICET, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora Saraco
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Research Institute Garrahan-CONICET, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Costanzo
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roxana Marino
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Ramirez
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esperanza Berensztein
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Medicina, Department of Cellular Biology and Histology, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marco A. Rivarola
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Research Institute Garrahan-CONICET, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Belgorosky
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Research Institute Garrahan-CONICET, Hospital de Pediatría “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Alicia Belgorosky
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El-Gendy AA, Elsaed WM, Abdallah HI. Potential role of estradiol in ovariectomy-induced derangement of renal endocrine functions. Ren Fail 2019; 41:507-520. [PMID: 31216906 PMCID: PMC6586115 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2019.1625787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is an important physiological event associated with structural and functional changes in the kidneys. An animal model of bilateral ovariectomy was used to study the effects of estrogen depletion, replacement and antiestrogen on renal structure and endocrine function. Sixty female rats were divided into six groups; group I was the control group, the remaining five groups underwent ovariectomy: group II received no treatment. The other groups received estradiol in group III, tamoxifen in group IV, estradiol followed by tamoxifen in group V and tamoxifen followed by estradiol in group VI. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and endocrine functions of kidney were measured. Tissue samples were examined both microscopically for beta estrogen receptors and ultrastructurally for cell changes. Groups II, IV & VI showed a significant increase in creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, renal malondialdehyde, renal erythropoietin, plasma renin and plasma prostaglandin E2 and a significant decrease in renal antioxidants and serum vitamin D3. Groups III &V had a significant decrease in creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, renal malondialdehyde and renal erythropoietin with an increase in renal antioxidants, plasma prostaglandin E2 and serum vitamin D3. Histopathological and ultrastructural examinations revealed atrophic tubular changes in group II. The changes were less marked in groups III &V and more extensive in groups IV & VI. Estrogen receptor beta staining showed progressively increased expression in the absence of estrogen. Structural and most endocrine functions of the kidney were significantly affected by estradiol deficiency. Estradiol replacement exhibited a protective effect on renal tissue and endocrine functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A El-Gendy
- a Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Taibah University , Madinah , Saudi Arabia.,b Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Wael M Elsaed
- c Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Taibah University , Madinah , Saudi Arabia.,d Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Hesham I Abdallah
- c Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Taibah University , Madinah , Saudi Arabia.,e Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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23
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Dika E, Patrizi A, Lambertini M, Manuelpillai N, Fiorentino M, Altimari A, Ferracin M, Lauriola M, Fabbri E, Campione E, Veronesi G, Scarfì F. Estrogen Receptors and Melanoma: A Review. Cells 2019; 8:E1463. [PMID: 31752344 PMCID: PMC6912660 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last three decades cutaneous melanoma has been widely investigated as a steroid hormone-sensitive cancer. Following this hypothesis, many epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between estrogens and melanoma. No evidence to date has supported this association due to the great complexity of genetic, external and environmental factors underlying the development of this cancer. Molecular mechanisms through which estrogen and their receptor exert a role in melanoma genesis are still under investigation with new studies increasingly focusing on the discovery of new molecular targets for therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Dika
- Dermatology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (M.L.); (N.M.); (G.V.); (F.S.)
| | - Annalisa Patrizi
- Dermatology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (M.L.); (N.M.); (G.V.); (F.S.)
| | - Martina Lambertini
- Dermatology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (M.L.); (N.M.); (G.V.); (F.S.)
| | - Nicholas Manuelpillai
- Dermatology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (M.L.); (N.M.); (G.V.); (F.S.)
| | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- Pathology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (M.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Annalisa Altimari
- Laboratory of Oncologic Molecular Pathology, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Pathology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (M.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology Unit Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine—DIMES University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Enrica Fabbri
- Pathology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.F.); (M.F.); (E.F.)
| | - Elena Campione
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Dermatology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (M.L.); (N.M.); (G.V.); (F.S.)
| | - Federica Scarfì
- Dermatology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.P.); (M.L.); (N.M.); (G.V.); (F.S.)
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24
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Zhang D, Ku J, Yi Y, Zhang J, Liu R, Tang N. The prognostic values of estrogen receptor alpha and beta in patients with gastroesophageal cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17954. [PMID: 31725654 PMCID: PMC6867741 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Published studies have investigated the prognostic roles of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in gastroesophageal cancer patients with the controversial results. The aim of the study was to systematically evaluate the impacts of ERα and ERβ on the overall survival (OS) in patients. METHOD Relevant eligible studies were extracted from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases (from the start date to November 2018) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. HR (hazard ratio) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the prognostic values of ERα and ERβ for OS in patients. RESULTS High ERα expression was associated with poor OS (HR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.29-1.94, P < .001) and ERβ with better OS (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.37-0.83, P = .004) in gastroesophageal cancer. Furthermore, unfavorable OS was found in Chinese gastroesophageal patients with higher ERα expression (HR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.25-1.96, P < .001) and better OS with higher ERβ expression (HR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.83, P < .01) in our subgroup analysis. Meanwhile, worse OS was found in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with high ERα expression (HR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.33-2.26, P < .001), and favorable OS in ESCC with ERβ overexpression (HR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.31-0.52, P < .001). Besides, high ERα expression was associated with lower tumor differentiation in ESCC (OR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.02-2.64, P = .04) and ERβ was linked with better tumor differentiation in gastric adenocarcinoma (GCA) (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.26-0.94, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS ERα and ERβ might serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for gastroesophageal cancer patients. ERα overexpression predicted poor OS and lower tumor differentiation, and ERβ suggested favorable OS and better tumor differentiation. Further related studies should be performed to test these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianwei Ku
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College
| | | | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan, China
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25
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Datta N, Islam S, Chatterjee U, Chatterjee S, Panda CK, Ghosh MK. Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML) gene regulation: implication towards curbing oncogenesis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:656. [PMID: 31506431 PMCID: PMC6736969 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of PML, a significant tumor suppressor is linked with cancers of different histological origins, with a decreased expression observed with a higher tumor grade. This necessitates studying the mechanisms to maintain a stable expression of PML. However much less is known about the transcriptional regulation of PML, more so in the context of breast carcinoma. ERβ has emerged as a critical factor in understanding breast cancer, especially since a huge proportion of breast cancers are ERα− and thus insensitive to tamoxifen therapy. This study aims to uncover an unidentified mechanism of PML gene regulation and its stabilization in breast cancer via ERβ signalling and the impact on cellular apoptosis. We found that clinical expression of PML positively correlates with that of ERβ both in normal and breast carcinoma samples and inversely correlates with markers of cellular proliferation, hinting towards a possible mechanistic interdependence. Both mRNA and protein expression of PML were increased in response to ERβ overexpression on multiple human breast cancer cell lines. Mechanistically, luciferase reporter assays and chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that ERβ can interact with the PML promoter via ERE and AP1 sites to enhance its transcription. ERβ induced stable PML expression causes a decline of its target protein Survivin and simultaneously provides a stable docking platform leading to stabilisation of its target Foxo3a, further causing transcriptional upregulation of pro-apoptotic factors p21 and p27. Immunohistochemical analyses of cancer and normal breast tissues and functional assays conducted corroborated the findings. Collectively, our study identifies ERβ signalling as a novel mechanism for PML gene regulation in ERα− breast cancer. It also reveals bi-directional downstream effect in which ‘ERβ-PML-(Foxo3a/Survivin)’ network acts as a therapeutic axis by suppressing cellular survival and promoting cellular apoptosis in breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neerajana Datta
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Saimul Islam
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, India
| | - Uttara Chatterjee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Division of Pathology, Park Clinic, 4, Gorky Terrace, Kolkata, 700017, India
| | - Sandip Chatterjee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Division of Pathology, Park Clinic, 4, Gorky Terrace, Kolkata, 700017, India
| | - Chinmay K Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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26
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel indone derivatives as selective ERβ modulators. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Feng Y, Peng Z, Liu W, Yang Z, Shang J, Cui L, Duan F. Evaluation of the epidemiological and prognosis significance of ESR2 rs3020450 polymorphism in ovarian cancer. Gene 2019; 710:316-323. [PMID: 31200086 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the correlation between the polymorphism of estrogen receptor β gene (ESR2) rs3020450 and cancer susceptibility, and explore the epidemiological significance and the effect of ESR2 expression levels on the prognosis of ovarian cancer. METHODS Based on meta-analysis the association between ESR2 rs3020450 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility was estimated and a case-control design was used to verify this result in ovarian cancer. The epidemiological effect of ESR2 rs3020450 polymorphism was assessed by attributable risk percentage (ARP) and population attributable risk percentage (PARP). Kaplan Meier plotters were used to evaluate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in ovarian cancer patients and GEPIA for the differential expression of ESR2 levels in ovarian cancer and adjacent normal tissues. RESULTS The pooled analysis indicated no significant correlation between the ESR2 rs3020450 polymorphism and the cancer susceptibility. In the stratified analysis by cancer types, significantly decreased risk was found in ovarian cancer (AG vs GG: OR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.53-0.97, P = 0.03). Unconditional logistic regression results of case-control study in ovarian cancer observed significant differences in all comparisons (AG vs GG: OR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.62-0.98, P = 0.04; AA vs GG: OR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.42-0.92, P = 0.01 and AG + AA vs GG: OR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.53-0.96, P < 0.001). Based on meta-analysis and case-control pooled results, ARP and PARP were evaluated respectively in allele (21.95% and7.97%), heterozygote (36.99% and 12.11%) and dominant model (36.84% and 12.97%) of rs3020450 polymorphism in ovarian cancer. The expression levels of ESR2 in normal tissues was significantly higher than that in cancer tissues (OV, Median, 4.7:0.21), and significant correlations were observed between high ESR2 expression levels and long OS (HR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.70-0.92, P = 0.002) and PFS (HR = 0.767, 95%Cl: 0.67-0.88, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that ESR2 rs3020450 polymorphism was associated with ovarian cancer risk from epidemiological perspective, and high ESR2 expression levels was associated with long survival in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Department of Infectious Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weigang Liu
- Medical Record Statistics Office, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongyu Yang
- The Ohio State University College of Art and Science, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jia Shang
- Department of Infectious Disease, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liuxin Cui
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Fujiao Duan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Medical Research Office, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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28
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Vasiliou SK, Diamandis EP. Androgen receptor: A promising therapeutic target in breast cancer. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2019; 56:200-223. [PMID: 30821186 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1575643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the second most common cancer worldwide and the most prevalent cancer in women. The majority of BCa cases are positive (+) for the estrogen receptor (ER+, 80%) and progesterone receptor (PR+, 65%). Estrogen and progesterone hormones are known to be involved in cancer progression, and thus hormonal deprivation is used as an effective treatment for ER+PR+ BCa subtypes. However, some ER+PR+ BCa patients develop resistance to such therapies. Meanwhile, chemotherapy is the only available treatment for ER-PR- BCa tumors. Another hormone receptor known as the androgen receptor (AR) has also been found to be widely expressed in human breast carcinomas. However, the mechanisms of AR and its endogenous androgen ligands is not well-understood in BCa and its biological role in this hormone-related disease remains unclear. In this review, we aim to address the importance of the AR in BCa diagnosis and prognosis, current AR-targeting approaches in BCa, and the potential for AR-downstream molecules to serve as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella K Vasiliou
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,b Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,b Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , Canada.,c Department of Clinical Biochemistry , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada
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29
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Greish K, Nehoff H, Bahman F, Pritchard T, Taurin S. Raloxifene nano-micelles effect on triple-negative breast cancer is mediated through estrogen receptor-β and epidermal growth factor receptor. J Drug Target 2019; 27:903-916. [PMID: 30615483 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1566341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that differs in progression, recurrence, and prognosis from other forms of breast cancer. The heterogeneity of TNBC has remained a challenge as no targeted therapy is currently available. Previously, we and others have demonstrated that raloxifene, a selective oestrogen receptor modulator, was also acting independently of the oestrogen receptor-α. However, raloxifene is characterised by a low bioavailability in vivo. Thus, we encapsulated raloxifene into a styrene-maleic acid (SMA) micelle to improve its pharmacokinetics. The micellar raloxifene had higher cytotoxicity when compared to the free formulation, promoted a higher cellular uptake and affected critical signalling pathways. Furthermore, SMA-raloxifene reduced TNBC tumour growth more efficiently than free raloxifene. Finally, we showed that this effect was partially mediated through oestrogen receptor-β. In conclusion, we have provided new insight into the role of raloxifene nanoformulation in improving the management of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Greish
- a Department of Molecular Medicine, and Nanomedicine Unit , College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University , Manama , Kingdom of Bahrain.,b Department of Oncology , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Hayley Nehoff
- c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Fatemah Bahman
- a Department of Molecular Medicine, and Nanomedicine Unit , College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University , Manama , Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Tara Pritchard
- d Malaghan Institute of Medical Research , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Sebastien Taurin
- a Department of Molecular Medicine, and Nanomedicine Unit , College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University , Manama , Kingdom of Bahrain
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30
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Song W, He D, Chen Y, Yeh CR, Hsu I, Huang Q, Zhang X, Chang LSS, Zuo L, Chen J, Doersch KM, Chang C, Li L, Yeh S. Targeting newly identified ERβ/TGF-β1/SMAD3 signals with the FDA-approved anti-estrogen Faslodex or an ERβ selective antagonist in renal cell carcinoma. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:2055-2071. [PMID: 30171816 PMCID: PMC6275262 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has the third highest mortality rate among urological tumors, and 20–30% of RCC patients present with metastatic RCC at the time of diagnosis. Although recent studies have indicated that estrogen receptor β (ERβ) could play promoting roles in RCC progression, the detailed mechanisms remain to be clarified. In the present study, we found that expression of ERβ, but not ERα, increases with tumor stage and grade, and also observed that modification of ERβ signals using estrogens/anti‐estrogens, shRNA knockdown of ERβ and overexpression of ERβ using ectopic cDNA affects RCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Mechanism analysis revealed that ERβ can promote RCC cell invasion via an increase in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1)/SMAD3 signals, and interrupting TGF‐β1/SMAD3 signals with a TGFβR1 inhibitor can reverse/block ERβ‐increased RCC cell migration. Importantly, preclinical analyses using in vivo mouse models of RCC revealed that targeting of this newly identified ERβ/TGF‐β1/SMAD3 pathway with either the FDA‐approved anti‐estrogen ICI182,780 (Faslodex) or a selective ERβ antagonist 4‐[2‐phenyl‐5,7 bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐3‐yl]phenol can significantly reduce RCC tumor growth and invasion, which may be suitable as the basis for novel therapies to more effectively suppress metastatic RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Yule Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Chiuan-Ren Yeh
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Iawen Hsu
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Qingbo Huang
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luke Sien-Shih Chang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Li Zuo
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Jiasheng Chen
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Karen M Doersch
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, USA
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31
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Hua H, Zhang H, Kong Q, Jiang Y. Mechanisms for estrogen receptor expression in human cancer. Exp Hematol Oncol 2018; 7:24. [PMID: 30250760 PMCID: PMC6148803 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-018-0116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is a steroid hormone that has critical roles in reproductive development, bone homeostasis, cardiovascular remodeling and brain functions. However, estrogen also promotes mammary, ovarian and endometrial tumorigenesis. Estrogen antagonists and drugs that reduce estrogen biosynthesis have become highly successful therapeutic agents for breast cancer patients. The effects of estrogen are largely mediated by estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ, which are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors. The mechanisms underlying the aberrant expression of ER in breast cancer and other types of human tumors are complex, involving considerable alternative splicing of ERα and ERβ, transcription factors, epigenetic and post-transcriptional regulation of ER expression. Elucidation of mechanisms for ER expression may not only help understand cancer progression and evolution, but also shed light on overcoming endocrine therapy resistance. Herein, we review the complex mechanisms for regulating ER expression in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- 1Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- 2Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbin Kong
- 2Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- 2Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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32
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Arun A, Ansari MI, Popli P, Jaiswal S, Mishra AK, Dwivedi A, Hajela K, Konwar R. New piperidine derivative DTPEP acts as dual-acting anti-breast cancer agent by targeting ERα and downregulating PI3K/Akt-PKCα leading to caspase-dependent apoptosis. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12501. [PMID: 30091186 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In our ongoing studies to develop ER targeting agents, we screened for dual-acting molecules with a hypothesis that a single molecule can also target both ER positive and negative groups of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1-(2-(4-(Dibenzo[b,f]thiepin-10-yl)phenoxy)ethyl)piperidine (DTPEP) was synthesized and screened in both MCF-7 (ER+ve) and MDA-MB-231 (ER-ve) cells. Assays for analysis of cell cycle, ROS, apoptosis and MMP loss were carried out using flow cytometry. Its target was investigated using western blot, transactivation assay and RT-PCR. In vivo efficacy of DTPEP was validated in LA-7 syngeneic rat mammary tumour model. RESULTS Here, we report identification of dual-acting molecule DTPEP that downregualtes PI3K/Akt and PKCα expression, induces ROS and ROS-dependent apoptosis, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, induces expression of caspase indicative of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In MCF-7 cells, DTPEP downregulates ERα expression and activation. In MDA-MB-231 cells, primary cellular target of DTPEP is not clearly known, but it downregualtes PI3K/Akt and PKCα expression. In vivo study showed regression of LA-7 syngeneic mammary tumour in SD rat. CONCLUSIONS We identified a new dual-acting anti-breast cancer molecules as a proof of concept which is capable of targeting both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arun
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - M I Ansari
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - P Popli
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - S Jaiswal
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - A K Mishra
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - A Dwivedi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - K Hajela
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - R Konwar
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, UP, India
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Guillette TC, Jackson TW, Belcher SM. Duality of estrogen receptor β action in cancer progression. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 41:66-73. [PMID: 29772419 PMCID: PMC8008732 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The physiological actions of estrogens are primarily mediated by the nuclear hormone receptors estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ). Activities of these nuclear steroid hormone receptors in etiology and progression of many hormone-responsive cancers are well-established, yet the specific role of each receptor, and their various expressed isoforms, in estrogen-responsive cancers remains unclear. Recent advances in nuclear receptor profiling, characterization of expressed splice variants, and the availability of new experimental cancer models, has extended the understanding of the complex interplay between the differentially expressed nuclear estrogen receptors. In this review, we discuss proposed roles of ERβ in several subtypes of cancers that lack significant ERα expression and define current understanding of how different ERs collaborate to regulate cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Guillette
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, 127 David Clark Labs Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA
| | - Thomas W Jackson
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, 127 David Clark Labs Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA
| | - Scott M Belcher
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, 127 David Clark Labs Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA.
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Collin LJ, Cronin-Fenton DP, Ahern TP, Christiansen PM, Damkier P, Ejlertsen B, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Kjærsgaard A, Silliman RA, Sørensen HT, Lash TL. Cohort Profile: the Predictors of Breast Cancer Recurrence (ProBe CaRE) Premenopausal Breast Cancer Cohort Study in Denmark. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021805. [PMID: 30068618 PMCID: PMC6074634 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Predictors of Breast Cancer Recurrence (ProBe CaRe) study was established to evaluate modification of tamoxifen (TAM) effectiveness in premenopausal women through reduced activity of TAM-metabolising enzymes. It comprehensively evaluates the effects of pharmacogenetic variants, use of concomitant medications and biomarkers involved in oestrogen metabolism on breast cancer recurrence risk. PARTICIPANTS The ProBe CaRe study was established using resources from the Danish Breast Cancer Group (DBCG), including 5959 premenopausal women diagnosed with stage I-III primary breast cancer between 2002 and 2010 in Denmark. Eligible participants were divided into two groups based on oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression and receipt of TAM therapy, 4600 are classified as ERα+/TAM+ and 1359 are classified as ERα-/TAM-. The ProBe CaRe study is a population-based cohort study nested in a nearly complete source population, clinical, tumour and demographic data were abstracted from DBCG registry data. Linkage to Danish registries allows for abstraction of information regarding comorbid conditions, comedication use and mortality. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples have been prepared for DNA extraction and immunohistochemical assay. FINDINGS TO DATE To mitigate incorrect classification of patients into specific categories, we conducted a validation substudy. We compared data acquired from registry and from medical record review to calculate positive predictive values (PPVs) and negative predictive values. We observed PPVs near 100% for tumour size, lymph node involvement, receptor status, surgery type, receipt of radiotherapy, receipt of chemotherapy and TAM treatment. We found that the PPVs were 96% (95% CI 83% to 100%) for change in endocrine therapy and 61% (95% CI 42% to 77%) for menopausal transition. FUTURE PLANS The ProBeCaRe cohort study is well positioned to comprehensively examine pharmacogenetic variants. We will use a Bayesian pathway analysis to evaluate the complete TAM metabolic path to allow for gene-gene interactions, incorporating information of other important patient characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay J Collin
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Thomas P Ahern
- Department of Surgery, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Peer M Christiansen
- Breast Unit, Surgical Department, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Breast Cancer Group, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Damkier
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Danish Breast Cancer Group, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Kjærsgaard
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rebecca A Silliman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Henrik Toft Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Health Research & Policy (Epidemiology), Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Timothy L Lash
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Abstract
Due to declining estrogen levels during menopause, NAFLD prevalence is higher in postmenopausal women compared to in premenopausal women or in men. Postmenopausal women are more susceptible to weight gain, fat redistribution and dyslipidemia, all major hallmarks of metabolic syndrome associated with increased NAFLD risk. Gut microbiota plays important roles in development of gastrointestinal tract, metabolism and immunity. Host-microbe interactions allows regulation of a wide range of pathways that affect healthy and diseased physiology. Recent advances in - omics technologies, such as microbiome, transcriptome and metabolome analysis, provided evidence that estrogens and intestinal microbiota (IM) can collectively influence obesity, inflammatory disease, diabetes, and cancers. By understanding underlying mechanisms of estrogens and microbiota crosstalk, we might design dietary and pharmacological interventions to alleviate the metabolic syndrome and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Chen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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36
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Suvannang N, Preeyanon L, Malik AA, Schaduangrat N, Shoombuatong W, Worachartcheewan A, Tantimongcolwat T, Nantasenamat C. Probing the origin of estrogen receptor alpha inhibition via large-scale QSAR study. RSC Adv 2018; 8:11344-11356. [PMID: 35542807 PMCID: PMC9079045 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10979b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is an important component for the sustenance of normal physiological functions of the mammary glands, particularly for growth and differentiation. Approximately, two-thirds of breast cancers are positive for estrogen receptor (ERs), which is a predisposing factor for the growth of breast cancer cells. As such, ERα represents a lucrative therapeutic target for breast cancer that has attracted wide interest in the search for inhibitory agents. However, the conventional laboratory processes are cost- and time-consuming. Thus, it is highly desirable to develop alternative methods such as quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models for predicting ER-mediated endocrine agitation as to simplify their prioritization for future screening. In this study, we compiled and curated a large, non-redundant data set of 1231 compounds with ERα inhibitory activity (pIC50). Using comprehensive validation tests, it was clearly observed that the model utilizing the substructure count as descriptors, performed well considering two objectives: using less descriptors for model development and achieving high predictive performance (RTr2 = 0.94, QCV2 = 0.73, and QExt2 = 0.73). It is anticipated that our proposed QSAR model may become a useful high-throughput tool for identifying novel inhibitors against ERα. This study compiles a large, non-redundant set of compounds tested for ERα inhibitory activity and applies QSAR modeling for unveiling the privileged substructures governing the activity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Naravut Suvannang
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics
- Faculty of Medical Technology
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok 10700
- Thailand
| | - Likit Preeyanon
- Department of Community Medical Technology
- Faculty of Medical Technology
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok 10700
- Thailand
| | - Aijaz Ahmad Malik
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics
- Faculty of Medical Technology
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok 10700
- Thailand
| | - Nalini Schaduangrat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics
- Faculty of Medical Technology
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok 10700
- Thailand
| | - Watshara Shoombuatong
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics
- Faculty of Medical Technology
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok 10700
- Thailand
| | - Apilak Worachartcheewan
- Department of Community Medical Technology
- Faculty of Medical Technology
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok 10700
- Thailand
| | - Tanawut Tantimongcolwat
- Center for Research and Innovation
- Faculty of Medical Technology
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok 10700
- Thailand
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics
- Faculty of Medical Technology
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok 10700
- Thailand
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Acconcia F, Fiocchetti M, Marino M. Xenoestrogen regulation of ERα/ERβ balance in hormone-associated cancers. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 457:3-12. [PMID: 27816767 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) contributes to body homeostasis maintenance by regulating many different physiological functions in both male and female organs. E2 actions in reproductive and non-reproductive tissues rely on a complex net of nuclear and extra-nuclear signal transduction pathways triggered by at least two estrogen receptor subtypes (ERα and ERβ). Consequently, the de-regulation of E2:ER signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer. Among other factors, the ERα/ERβ ratio is considered one of the pivotal mechanisms at the root of E2 action in cancer progression. Remarkably, several natural or synthetic exogenous chemicals, collectively called xenoestrogens, bind to ERs and interfere with their signals and intracellular functions. In this review, the molecular mechanism(s) through which xenoestrogens influence ERα and ERβ intracellular concentrations and the consequences of this influence on E2-related cancer will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Acconcia
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fiocchetti
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Sciences, Section Biomedical Sciences and Technology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 446, I-00146, Rome, Italy.
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Ou QJ, Wu XJ, Peng JH, Zhang RX, Lu ZH, Jiang W, Zhang L, Pan ZZ, Wan DS, Fang YJ. Endocrine therapy inhibits proliferation and migration, promotes apoptosis and suppresses survivin protein expression in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5769-5778. [PMID: 28849238 PMCID: PMC5865723 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of colorectal cancers (CRCs) are hormone‑dependent. Thus, endocrine therapy has become an attractive strategy to treat CRC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of combined tamoxifen (TAM) plus β‑estradiol (E2) treatment on human DLD‑1 CRC cells. The human DLD‑1 CRC cell line was treated with different concentrations of TAM, β‑estradiol, or a combination of these two agents. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay, while apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry analysis. Alterations in the RNA and protein levels of the apoptosis‑associated factors cyclin D1 and survivin were measured in the treated DLD‑1 cells using semi‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (sqPCR) and western blot analyses. Alterations in cellular migration ability were monitored using a Transwell migration assay. Treatment with TAM, β‑estradiol and TAM plus β‑estradiol inhibited DLD‑1 cell viability. The flow cytometry results revealed that these drugs promoted cell apoptosis, and the Transwell migration assay results indicated that the reduction in cell migration was greater in the TAM+E2 treatment group when compared with each treatment alone. sqPCR and western blot analysis results demonstrated that TAM, E2 and a combination of the two affected survivin expression based on the drug concentration and the treatment duration; however, they demonstrated no significant effect on cyclin D1 expression. In conclusion, treatment of DLD‑1 cells with TAM, β‑estradiol, or a combination of these two drugs, inhibited cell viability and migration, promoted cell apoptosis, and reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of survivin in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner. These results provide novel experimental basis for hormonal adjuvant therapy for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Jian Ou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hong Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Hai Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Wu Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - De-Sen Wan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jing Fang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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Antunes IF, Willemsen AT, Sijbesma JW, Boerema AS, van Waarde A, Glaudemans AW, Dierckx RA, de Vries EG, Hospers GA, de Vries EF. In Vivo Quantification of ERβ Expression by Pharmacokinetic Modeling: Studies with 18F-FHNP PET. J Nucl Med 2017; 58:1743-1748. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.192666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Oueslati M, Bittaieb I, Sassi N, Jemaa AB, Gamoudi A, Rahal K, Oueslati R. ERα and ERβ co-expression: An indicator of aggressive tumors and hormonal sensitivity. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1675-1682. [PMID: 28808484 PMCID: PMC5542036 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptors (ERs) ERα and ERβ are important factors in breast cancer progression. Nevertheless, the molecular interplay between ERα and ERβ and its clinical significance in breast cancer is controversial. The establishment of a clear association is required; therefore, the current study analyzed the expression patterns of ERα and ERβ in 32 breast tumor tissues using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the Ki-67 status were detected by immunohistochemistry. The results revealed that the ERα and ERβ expression rates recorded were 68 and 65%, respectively. The ERα:ERβ ratio exhibited a decline along with disease progression. ERα and ERβ were found to be negatively correlated with HER2 status but positively correlated with Ki-67. Co-expression of ERα and ERβ was associated with breast cancer aggressiveness, including higher histological grade and positive nodal status, which commonly occur following the menopause. In addition, in cases where ERβ was coexpressed with ERα, HER2 expression was frequently found to be negative, whereas the Ki-67 index was upregulated. These data suggest that ERα and ERβ co-expression may be an indicator of tumor aggressiveness and the sensitivity of hormonal therapy via the downregulation of HER2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Oueslati
- Unit of Immunology, Environmental Microbiology and Carcinogenesis, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Ilhem Bittaieb
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Saleh Azeiz Oncology Institute, Beb Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Sassi
- Immuno-Rheumatology Research laboratory, Rheumatology Department, La Rabta Hospital, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Awatef Ben Jemaa
- Unit of Immunology, Environmental Microbiology and Carcinogenesis, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Amor Gamoudi
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Saleh Azeiz Oncology Institute, Beb Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Rahal
- Cancer Surgery Service, Saleh Azeiz Oncology Institute, Beb Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Ridha Oueslati
- Unit of Immunology, Environmental Microbiology and Carcinogenesis, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
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Lephart ED. Resveratrol, 4' Acetoxy Resveratrol, R-equol, Racemic Equol or S-equol as Cosmeceuticals to Improve Dermal Health. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061193. [PMID: 28587197 PMCID: PMC5486016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals are botanical compounds used in dermatology applications as cosmeceuticals to improve skin health. Resveratrol and equol are two of the best-known polyphenolic or phytoestrogens having similar chemical structures and some overlapping biological functions to 17β-estradiol. Human skin gene expression was reviewed for 28 different biomarkers when resveratrol, 4′ acetoxy resveratrol (4AR), R-equol, racemic equol or S-equol were tested. Sirtuin 1 activator (SIRT 1) was stimulated by resveratrol and 4AR only. Resveratrol, R-equol and racemic equol were effective on the aging biomarkers proliferating cell nuclear factor (PCNA), nerve growth factor (NGF), 5α-reductase and the calcium binding proteins S100 A8 and A9. Racemic equol and 4AR displayed among the highest levels for the collagens, elastin and tissue inhibitor of the matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP 1). S-equol displayed the lowest level of effectiveness compared to the other compounds. The 4AR analog was more effective compared to resveratrol by 1.6-fold. R-equol and racemic equol were almost equal in potency displaying greater inhibition vs. resveratrol or its 4′ analog for the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), but among the inflammatory biomarkers, resveratrol, 4AR, R-equol and racemic equol displayed high inhibition. Thus, these cosmeceuticals display promise to improve dermal health; however, further study is warranted to understand how phytochemicals protect/enhance the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin D Lephart
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology and The Neuroscience Center, LS 4005, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Zeng L, Yang K. Exploring the pharmacological mechanism of Yanghe Decoction on HER2-positive breast cancer by a network pharmacology approach. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 199:68-85. [PMID: 28130113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Certain Chinese medicine formulae from traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) are effective for treating and preventing diseases in clinical practice. Yanghe Decoction (YHD) is a Chinese medicine formula that is used to treat breast cancer, especially HER-positive breast cancer; however, the active compounds, potential targets, and pharmacological and molecular mechanism of its action against cancer remain unclear. Therefore, further investigation is required. METHODS A network pharmacology approach comprising drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction, Caco-2 permeability prediction, multiple compound target prediction, multiple know target collection, breast cancer genes collection, and network analysis has been used in this study. RESULTS Four networks are set up, including HER2-positive breast cancer network, compound-compound target network of YHD, YHD-HER2-positive breast cancer network and compound-known target-HER2-positive breast cancer network, and some HER2-positive breast cancer and YHD related targets, clusters, biological processes and pathways are found. We also found some potential anti-cancer compounds. CONCLUSION Our works successfully predict, illuminate and confirm the molecular synergy of YHD for HER2-positive breast cancer and found the potential HER2-positive breast cancer associated targets, cluster, biological processes and pathways. This study not only provide clues to the researcher who explores pharmacological and molecular mechanism of YHD acting on HER2-positive breast cancer, but also demonstrates a feasible method for discovering potential drugs from Chinese medicine formulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zeng
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Kailin Yang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China.
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Piperigkou Z, Bouris P, Onisto M, Franchi M, Kletsas D, Theocharis AD, Karamanos NK. Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules. Matrix Biol 2016; 56:4-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Antunes IF, van Waarde A, Dierckx RAJO, de Vries EGE, Hospers GAP, de Vries EFJ. Synthesis and Evaluation of the Estrogen Receptor β-Selective Radioligand 2- 18F-Fluoro-6-(6-Hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)Pyridin-3-ol: Comparison with 16α- 18F-Fluoro-17β-Estradiol. J Nucl Med 2016; 58:554-559. [PMID: 27908969 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.180158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERs) are targets for endocrine treatment of estrogen-dependent cancers. The ER consists of 2 isoforms, ERα and ERβ, which have distinct biologic functions. Whereas activation of ERα stimulates cell proliferation and cell survival, ERβ promotes apoptosis. PET of ERα and ERβ levels could provide more insight in response to hormonal treatment. 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (18F-FES) is a PET tracer for ER with relative selectivity for ERα. Here we report the synthesis and evaluation of a potential ERβ-selective PET tracer: 2-18F-fluoro-6-(6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)pyridin-3-ol (18F-FHNP). Methods:18F-FHNP was synthesized by fluorination of the corresponding nitro precursor, followed by acidic removal of the 2-methoxyethoxymethyl protecting group. In vitro affinity of 18F-FHNP and 18F-FES for ER was evaluated in SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells. PET imaging and ex vivo biodistribution studies with 18F-FHNP and 18F-FES were conducted in athymic nude mice bearing a SKOV3 xenografts. Results:18F-FHNP had nanomolar affinity for ERs, with a 3.5 times higher affinity for ERβ. 18F-FHNP was obtained in 15%-40% radiochemical yield (decay-corrected), with a specific activity of 279 ± 75 GBq/μmol. 18F-FHNP had a dissociation constant of 2 nM and maximum binding capacity of 18 fmol/106 cells, and 18F-FES had a dissociation constant of 3 nM and maximum binding capacity 83 fmol/106 SKOV3 cells. Both 18F-FHNP and 18F-FES PET could clearly visualize the tumor in male mice bearing a SKOV3 xenograft. Biodistribution studies showed similar distribution of 18F-FHNP and 18F-FES in most peripheral organs. 18F-FES showed a 2-fold-higher tumor uptake than 18F-FHNP. The tumor-to-plasma ratio of 18F-FES decreased 55% (P = 0.024) and 8% (P = 0.68) when administered in the presence of estradiol (nonselective) and genistein (ERβ-selective), respectively. The tumor-to-plasma ratio of 18F-FHNP decreased 41% (P = 0.004) and 64% (P = 0.0009) when administered with estradiol and genistein, respectively. Conclusion: The new PET tracer 18F-FHNP has suitable properties for imaging and shows relative selectivity for ERβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês F Antunes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and
| | - Elisabeth G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geke A P Hospers
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and
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Elebro K, Borgquist S, Rosendahl AH, Markkula A, Simonsson M, Jirström K, Rose C, Ingvar C, Jernström H. High Estrogen Receptor β Expression Is Prognostic among Adjuvant Chemotherapy-Treated Patients-Results from a Population-Based Breast Cancer Cohort. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:766-777. [PMID: 27810901 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Isoform-specific tumor estrogen receptor β (ERβ) expression may hold prognostic information in breast cancer, especially among endocrine-treated breast cancer patients. The study's purpose was to evaluate ERβ isoform 1 (ERβ1) expression in relation to tumor characteristics, ESR2 genotypes, and prognosis in different treatment groups. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A population-based prospective cohort of 1,026 patients diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer in Lund, Sweden, between October 2002 and June 2012 was followed until June 2014 (median 5 years). Associations between immunohistochemical ERβ1 expression, patient and tumor characteristics, as well as outcome within treatment groups were analyzed. RESULTS Tumor ERβ1 expression was available for 911 patients (89%) and was not associated with ESR2 genotypes. ERβ1 positivity, defined as >75% (ERβ175+, 72.7%), was positively associated with established favorable tumor characteristics. Overall, ERβ175+ was associated with lower risk of breast cancer events [HRadj = 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41-0.89]. The magnitude of the association was larger in patients with ERα- tumors (HRadj = 0.30; 95% CI, 0.12-0.76), compared with ERα+ tumors (HRadj = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.42-1.03). Among the 232 chemotherapy-treated patients, ERβ175+ tumors were associated with lower risk of breast cancer events compared with ERβ175- tumors (HRadj = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.15-0.64). Among the 671 chemonaïve patients, ERβ175 status was not associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS High ERβ1 expression was a favorable prognostic marker in this breast cancer cohort, especially in chemotherapy-treated patients, but not in endocrine therapy-treated patients. These results warrant confirmation, preferably via a biomarker study in a previously conducted randomized trial. Clin Cancer Res; 23(3); 766-77. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Elebro
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Oncology and Hematology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Ann H Rosendahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrea Markkula
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Simonsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Jirström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carsten Rose
- CREATE Health and Department of Immunotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian Ingvar
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, and Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Helena Jernström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Rajapaksa G, Thomas C, Gustafsson JÅ. Estrogen signaling and unfolded protein response in breast cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 163:45-50. [PMID: 27045680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) confers resistance to anti-estrogens and chemotherapeutics in estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive and triple-negative breast cancers. Among the regulators of the UPR in breast cancer is estrogen signaling. Estrogen regulates major components of the UPR and ER expression is associated with the sensitivity of tumor cells to UPR-regulated apoptosis. Recent studies have confirmed the crosstalk between the ERs and UPR and suggest novel therapeutic strategies that combine targeting of both signaling pathways. These remedies may be more effective in repressing oncogenic adaptive mechanisms and benefit patients with resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayani Rajapaksa
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Christoforos Thomas
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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Smirnova OV. Competitive Agonists and Antagonists of Steroid Nuclear Receptors: Evolution of the Concept or Its Reversal. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:1227-34. [PMID: 26567566 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791510003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms displaying pure and mixed steroid agonist/antagonist activity as well as principles underlying in vivo action of selective steroid receptor modulators dependent on tissue or cell type including interaction with various types of nuclear receptors are analyzed in this work. Mechanisms of in vitro action for mixed agonist/antagonist steroids are discussed depending on: specific features of their interaction with receptor hormone-binding pocket; steroid-dependent allosteric modulation of interaction between hormone-receptor complex and hormone response DNA elements; features of interacting hormone-receptor complex with protein transcriptional coregulators; level and tissue-specific composition of transcriptional coregulators. A novel understanding regarding context-selective modulators replacing the concept of steroid agonists and antagonists is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Smirnova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Biological Faculty, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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48
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Song W, Yeh CR, He D, Wang Y, Xie H, Pang ST, Chang LSS, Li L, Yeh S. Infiltrating neutrophils promote renal cell carcinoma progression via VEGFa/HIF2α and estrogen receptor β signals. Oncotarget 2016; 6:19290-304. [PMID: 26079540 PMCID: PMC4662491 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils make up a significant portion of the infiltrated immune cells found in the tumor microenvironment. Here we found more infiltrated neutrophils in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) lesions than adjacent benign areas. In vitro RCC studies showed that neutrophils (HL-60N cells) infiltrated toward RCC cells and subsequently enhanced RCC cell migration and invasion. Co-culture of RCC cells with HL-60N cells up-regulated ERβ, VEGFa and HIF2α mRNA levels. ERβ signals increased RCC cell migration via induction of the VEGFa/HIF2α pathway. Treatment of HIF inhibitor or rapamycin, or knockdown of ERβ in RCC cells reversed HL-60N-promoted RCC migration. In vivo data using orthotopically xenografted RCC mouse model confirmed that infiltrated neutrophils promoted RCC migration via modulating the expressions of ERβ, VEGFa and HIF2α signal pathways. Together, our studies revealed that neutrophils are favorably recruited to the RCC cells to promote the RCC migration and invasion. Targeting the infiltrating RCC tumor microenvironment with anti-estrogen or rapamycin may be a potential therapy to suppress RCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Song
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Sex Hormone Research Center, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chiuan-Ren Yeh
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Dalin He
- Sex Hormone Research Center, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong Wang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Hongjun Xie
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Sex Hormone Research Center, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - See-Tong Pang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Luke Sien-Shih Chang
- Sex Hormone Research Center, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Li
- Sex Hormone Research Center, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Urology and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of two diastereomeric lignan amides serving as dimeric caffeic acid-l-DOPA hybrids. Bioorg Chem 2016; 66:132-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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50
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Madak-Erdogan Z, Kim SH, Gong P, Zhao YC, Zhang H, Chambliss KL, Carlson KE, Mayne CG, Shaul PW, Korach KS, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS. Design of pathway preferential estrogens that provide beneficial metabolic and vascular effects without stimulating reproductive tissues. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra53. [PMID: 27221711 PMCID: PMC4896643 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad8170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is great medical need for estrogens with favorable pharmacological profiles that support desirable activities for menopausal women, such as metabolic and vascular protection, but that lack stimulatory activities on the breast and uterus. We report the development of structurally novel estrogens that preferentially activate a subset of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling pathways and result in favorable target tissue-selective activity. Through a process of structural alteration of estrogenic ligands that was designed to preserve their essential chemical and physical features but greatly reduced their binding affinity for ERs, we obtained "pathway preferential estrogens" (PaPEs), which interacted with ERs to activate the extranuclear-initiated signaling pathway preferentially over the nuclear-initiated pathway. PaPEs elicited a pattern of gene regulation and cellular and biological processes that did not stimulate reproductive and mammary tissues or breast cancer cells. However, in ovariectomized mice, PaPEs triggered beneficial responses both in metabolic tissues (adipose tissue and liver) that reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation and in the vasculature that accelerated repair of endothelial damage. This process of designed ligand structure alteration represents a novel approach to develop ligands that shift the balance in ER-mediated extranuclear and nuclear pathways to obtain tissue-selective, non-nuclear PaPEs, which may be beneficial for postmenopausal hormone replacement. The approach may also have broad applicability for other members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yiru C Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA
| | - Ken L Chambliss
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA
| | - Kathryn E Carlson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Christopher G Mayne
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Philip W Shaul
- Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | | | - Benita S Katzenellenbogen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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