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Li W, Wang W, Zhang M, Chen Q, Li F, Li S. Association of serum sclerostin levels with marrow adiposity in postmenopausal women with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:55. [PMID: 38679740 PMCID: PMC11056049 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoids and sclerostin act as inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby hindering bone formation. Given the pathway's intricate association with mesenchymal stem cells, the hypothesis suggests that heightened sclerostin levels may be intricately linked to an augmentation in marrow adiposity induced by glucocorticoids. This study endeavored to delve into the nuanced relationship between circulating sclerostin and bone marrow adipose tissue in postmenopausal women grappling with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 103 patients with autoimmune-associated diseases underwent glucocorticoid treatment, boasting an average age of 61.3 years (standard deviation 7.1 years). The investigation encompassed a thorough assessment, incorporating medical history, anthropometric data, biochemical analysis, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of lumbar and femoral bone mineral density (BMD). Osteoporosis criteria were established at a T-score of -2.5 or lower. Additionally, MR spectroscopy quantified the vertebral marrow fat fraction. RESULTS BMD at the femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine showcased an inverse correlation with marrow fat fraction (r = -0.511 to - 0.647, P < 0.001). Serum sclerostin levels exhibited a positive correlation with BMD at various skeletal sites (r = 0.476 to 0.589, P < 0.001). A noteworthy correlation emerged between circulating sclerostin and marrow fat fraction at the lumbar spine (r = -0.731, 95% CI, -0.810 to -0.627, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis brought to light that vertebral marrow fat fraction significantly contributed to sclerostin serum concentrations (standardized regression coefficient ß = 0.462, P < 0.001). Even after adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, renal function, BMD, and the duration and doses of glucocorticoid treatment, serum sclerostin levels maintained a significant correlation with marrow fat fraction. CONCLUSIONS Circulating sclerostin levels exhibited a noteworthy association with marrow adiposity in postmenopausal women grappling with GIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, Pudong New Area, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Pudong New Area, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Minlan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pudong New Area, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Radiology, Pudong New Area, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Fengyi Li
- Department of Radiology, Pudong New Area, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Radiology, Pudong New Area, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, No. 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, China.
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Chen Y, Yin H, Sun J, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Zeng H. TrxR/Trx inhibitor butaselen ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smads signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115822. [PMID: 37944440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is highly lethal with limited treatments. Butaselen (BS) is an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)/thioredoxin (Trx) with anti-tumor activity. However, its impact on pulmonary fibrosis and the involved mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that BS is a potential drug for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Specifically, BS can inhibit pulmonary fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo, with comparable efficacy and enhanced safety when compared with pirfenidone. BS and dexamethasone display a synergistic effect in inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies reveal that BS can inhibit the TrxR activity during pulmonary fibrosis. RNA-sequencing analysis identifies that genes of ECM-related signaling pathways are notably affected by BS. BS can not only inhibit the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and reduce pulmonary fibrosis-related inflammation, but also reduce NF-κB-activated transcriptional expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which leads to the inactivation of Smad2/Smad3 and decrease of collagen formation and fibrosis. Moreover, the knockdown of Trx1 with siRNA can also inhibit NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smads signaling. In conclusion, the TrxR/Trx inhibitor butaselen can suppress pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smads signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Biobank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwei Yin
- Shanghai Yuanxi Medicine Corp, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Yuanxi Medicine Corp, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Li Y, Wang H, Wang S, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Li T, Wang Q, Guo M, Feng H, Song Y, Wei G, Li J. Methylprednisolone improves the quality of liquid preserved boar spermatozoa in vitro and reduces polymorphonuclear neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1177873. [PMID: 37256001 PMCID: PMC10226469 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1177873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
After artificial insemination, immune cells such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils will be recruited into the genital tract and induce endometrial inflammation, adversely affecting the spermatozoa. This study aimed to analyze the effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) on boar spermatozoa quality of in vitro liquid preservation and chemotaxis and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward boar spermatozoa. Various concentrations of MPS were added to the extender and analyzed for their effects on spermatozoa motility, kinetic parameters, abnormality rate, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, H2O2 content, mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosome integrity. Testing of MPS on chemotaxis and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward spermatozoa induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that an extender containing 2 × 10-7 mol/mL MPS was the most effective for preserving boar spermatozoa during in vitro liquid preservation at 17°C. It effectively improved spermatozoa motility, kinetic parameters, T-AOC levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosome integrity, reducing the abnormality rate and H2O2 content. Meanwhile, the chemotaxis and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward spermatozoa under LPS induction were inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, MPS has positive implications for improving in vitro liquid preserved boar spermatozoa quality, inhibiting chemotaxis and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils toward spermatozoa.
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Zuogui Pill Ameliorates Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis through ZNF702P-Based ceRNA Network: Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a musculoskeletal disease with increased fracture risk caused by long-term application of glucocorticoid, but there exist few effective interventions. Zuogui Pill (ZGP) has achieved clinical improvement for GIOP as an ancient classical formula, but its molecular mechanisms remain unclear due to scanty relevant studies. This study aimed to excavate the effective compounds and underlying mechanism of ZGP in treating GIOP and construct relative ceRNA network by using integrated analysis of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Results show that ZNF702P is significantly upregulated in GIOP than normal cases based on gene chip sequencing analysis. Totally, 102 ingredients and 535 targets of ZGP as well as 480 GIOP-related targets were selected, including 122 common targets and 8 intersection targets with the predicted mRNAs. The ceRNA network contains one lncRNA (ZNF702P), 6 miRNAs, and 8 mRNAs. Four hub targets including JUN, CCND1, MAPK1, and MAPK14 were identified in the PPI network. Six ceRNA interaction axes including ZNF702P-hsa-miR-429-JUN, ZNF702P-hsa-miR-17-5p/hsa-miR-20b-5p-CCND1, ZNF702P-hsa-miR-17-5p/hsa-miR-20b-5p-MAPK1, and ZNF702P-hsa-miR-24-3p-MAPK14 were obtained. By means of molecular docking, we found that all the hub targets could be effectively combined with related ingredients. GO enrichment analysis showed 649 biological processes, involving response to estrogen, response to steroid hormone, inflammatory response, macrophage activation, and osteoclast differentiation, and KEGG analysis revealed 102 entries with 36 relative signaling pathways, which mainly contained IL-17 signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, the PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, Estrogen signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. Our experiments confirmed that ZNF702P exhibited gradually increasing expression levels during osteoclast differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes (HPBMs) induced by RANKL, while ZGP could inhibit osteoclast differentiation of HPBMs induced by RANKL in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, by regulating inflammatory response, osteoclast differentiation, and hormone metabolism, ZGP may treat GIOP by regulating hub target genes, such as JUN, CCND1, MAPK1, and MAPK14, and acting on numerous key pathways, which involve the ZNF702P-based ceRNA network.
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Shen G, Shang Q, Zhang Z, Zhao W, Chen H, Mijiti I, Chen G, Yu X, Yu F, Zhang P, He J, Zhang X, Tang J, Cui J, Liang D, Zeng L, Ren H, Jiang X. Zuo-Gui-Wan Aqueous Extract Ameliorates Glucocorticoid-Induced Spinal Osteoporosis of Rats by Regulating let-7f and Autophagy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:878963. [PMID: 35592785 PMCID: PMC9111739 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.878963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study proposes to explore the protective effect of Zuo-Gui-Wan (ZGW) aqueous extract on spinal glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in vivo and in vitro, and the underlying mechanisms of ZGW in GIOP and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were conducted. METHODS In vivo, SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CON), dexamethasone (DEXM) group, and ZGW group, which were given vehicle, DEXM injection, and ZGW intragastric administration at the same time. Vertebral bone microarchitecture, biomechanics, histomorphology, serum AKP activity, and the autophagosome of osteoblasts were examined. The mRNA expressions of let-7f, autophagy-associated genes (mTORC1, Beclin-1, ATG12, ATG5, and LC3), Runx2, and CTSK were examined. In vitro, the let-7f overexpression/silencing vector was constructed and transfected to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Western blot was employed to detect the expression of autophagy-associated proteins (ULK2, ATG5, ATG12, Beclin-1, LC3). RESULTS In vivo, ZGW promoted the bone quantity, quality, and strength; alleviated histological damage; increased the serum AKP activity; and reduced the autophagosome number in osteoblasts. Moreover, ZGW increased the let-7f, mTORC1, and Runx2 mRNA expressions and reduced the Beclin-1, ATG12, ATG5, LC3, and CTSK mRNA expressions. In vitro, bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase reporter gene assay verified that let-7f targeted the binding to ULK2 and negatively regulated the ULK2 expression. Furthermore, by let-7f overexpression/silencing, ZGW may promote osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs by regulating let-7f and autophagy as evidenced by Western blot (ULK2, ATG5, ATG12, Beclin-1, LC3). CONCLUSIONS ZGW may ameliorate GC-induced spinal osteoporosis by promoting osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs by activation of let-7f and suppression of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyang Shen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Shang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ibrayinjan Mijiti
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Kashgar, Kashgar, China
| | - Guifeng Chen
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuyong Yu
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui He
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuelai Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Cui
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - De Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingfeng Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Jiang, ; Hui Ren, ; Lingfeng Zeng,
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Jiang, ; Hui Ren, ; Lingfeng Zeng,
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobing Jiang, ; Hui Ren, ; Lingfeng Zeng,
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Xavier A, Toumi H, Lespessailles E. Animal Model for Glucocorticoid Induced Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review from 2011 to 2021. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:377. [PMID: 35008803 PMCID: PMC8745049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical and experimental data have shown that prolonged exposure to GCs leads to bone loss and increases fracture risk. Special attention has been given to existing emerging drugs that can prevent and treat glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis GIOP. However, there is no consensus about the most relevant animal model treatments on GIOP. In this systematic review, we aimed to examine animal models of GIOP centering on study design, drug dose, timing and size of the experimental groups, allocation concealment, and outcome measures. The present review was written according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Literature searches were performed in the PubMed electronic database via Mesh with the publication date set between April, 2011, and February 2021. A total of 284 full-text articles were screened and 53 were analyzed. The most common animal species used to model GIOP were rats (66%) and mice (32%). In mice studies, males (58%) were preferred and genetically modified animals accounted for 28%. Our work calls for a standardization of the establishment of the GIOP animal model with better precision for model selection. A described reporting design, conduction, and selection of outcome measures are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Xavier
- EA 4708 I3MTO Laboratory, Orleans University, 45067 Orleans, France; (A.X.); (H.T.)
- Translational Medicine Research Platform, PRIMMO, Regional Hospital of Orleans, 45007 Orleans, France
| | - Hechmi Toumi
- EA 4708 I3MTO Laboratory, Orleans University, 45067 Orleans, France; (A.X.); (H.T.)
- Translational Medicine Research Platform, PRIMMO, Regional Hospital of Orleans, 45007 Orleans, France
- Department Rheumatology, Regional Hospital of Orleans, 14 Avenue de L’Hopital, 45007 Orleans, France
| | - Eric Lespessailles
- EA 4708 I3MTO Laboratory, Orleans University, 45067 Orleans, France; (A.X.); (H.T.)
- Translational Medicine Research Platform, PRIMMO, Regional Hospital of Orleans, 45007 Orleans, France
- Department Rheumatology, Regional Hospital of Orleans, 14 Avenue de L’Hopital, 45007 Orleans, France
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Chen F, Hao L, Zhu S, Yang X, Shi W, Zheng K, Wang T, Chen H. Potential Adverse Effects of Dexamethasone Therapy on COVID-19 Patients: Review and Recommendations. Infect Dis Ther 2021; 10:1907-1931. [PMID: 34296386 PMCID: PMC8298044 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-021-00500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global healthcare community has raced to find effective therapeutic agents against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To date, dexamethasone is the first and an important therapeutic to significantly reduce the risk of death in COVID-19 patients with severe disease. Due to powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, dexamethasone could attenuate SARS-CoV-2-induced uncontrolled cytokine storm, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and lung injury. Nevertheless, dexamethasone treatment is a double-edged sword, as numerous studies have revealed that it has significant adverse impacts later in life. In this article, we reviewed the literature regarding the adverse effects of dexamethasone administration on different organ systems as well as related disease pathogenesis in an attempt to clarify the potential harms that may arise in COVID-19 patients receiving dexamethasone treatment. Overall, taking the threat of COVID19 pandemic into account, we think it is necessary to apply dexamethasone as a pharmaceutical therapy in critical patients. However, its adverse side effects cannot be ignored. Our review will help medical professionals in the prognosis and follow-up of patients treated with dexamethasone. In addition, given that a considerable amount of uncertainty, confusion and even controversy still exist, further studies and more clinical trials are urgently needed to improve our understanding of the parameters and the effects of dexamethasone on patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China.
| | - Lanting Hao
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Shiheng Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Xinyuan Yang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Wenhao Shi
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Tenger Wang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Huiran Chen
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China
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Xu Z, Liu X, Li Y, Gao H, He T, Zhang C, Hao W, Teng X. Shuxuetong injection simultaneously ameliorates dexamethasone-driven vascular calcification and osteoporosis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:197. [PMID: 33488806 PMCID: PMC7812579 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) and vascular calcification (VC) share a number of common risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms and etiology, which are known as bone-vascular axis. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Shuxuetong (SXT) injection on VC and osteoporosis. A rat model of VC and osteoporosis was induced by dexamethasone (DEX; 1 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks, intramuscularly). Simultaneously, 0.6 ml/kg/day SXT was intraperitoneally injected. Compared with control rats, DEX induced significantly more VC and OP, as determined by increased calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity in the aorta, disturbed structure, decreased levels of cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone area, and increased apoptosis in the bone. SXT injection ameliorated DEX-induced VC and osteoporosis; furthermore, the osteoblastic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells and the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the DEX group was also prevented by SXT injection. Compared with control rats, protein expression levels of sclerostin, a crucial crosslink of the bone-vascular axis, were significantly increased in the aorta and bone of rats with DEX, which was also attenuated by SXT injection. Thus, the present study suggested that SXT injection could ameliorate both VC and OP, and may be mediated by the regulation of sclerostin. The present study may provide the basis a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of VC and OP, which emerge as side-effects of glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xu Teng
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China.,Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Daphnetin ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis via activation of Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 409:115333. [PMID: 33171191 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have been widely used in multiple inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, long-term glucocorticoid therapy may result in osteoporosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effects and investigate the underlying mechanisms of Daphnetin (Daph) on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). In vivo, male Sprague Dawley rats were intramuscularly injected with dexamethasone (DEX) to induce GIOP and Daph was given intraperitoneally. Bone histological changes, mineral content, microstructure parameters and bone turnover markers were detected. Gut microbiota composition and intestinal barrier function were further assessed. In vitro, MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were treated with DEX and the abilities of Daph on osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and mineralization were assessed. A Wnt signaling inhibitor, XAV939, was added additionally to evaluate the effect of Daph on Wnt signaling. The results showed that in vivo, Daph increased the DEX-induced reduction in body weight gain, bone mineral content and microstructure parameters and restored the levels of bone turnover markers in GIOP rats. In vitro, Daph promoted osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and mineralization in DEX-treated MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts. Moreover, Daph activated the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. XAV939 successfully abolished the beneficial effects of Daph on GIOP in vitro. Besides, Daph showed improvement on gut microbiota disorder and intestinal barrier dysfunction post GIOP. Collectively, these data demonstrated that Daph effectively ameliorates GIOP and the possible mechanism may be that Daph activated Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling.
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Sun X, Xie YZ, Jiang YY, Wang GY, Wang YJ, Mei Y, Gao RH, Li YH, Xiao W, Wang WF, Li DS. FGF21 Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy and Reduces Side Effects of Dexamethasone in Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2020; 44:249-260. [PMID: 33098521 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate efficacy of FGF21 combine dexamethasone (Dex) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) meanwhile reduce side effects of dexamethasone. We used combination therapy (Dex 15 mg/kg + FGF21 0.25 mg/kg, Dex 15 mg/kg + FGF21 0.5 mg/kg or Dex 15 mg/kg + FGF21 1 mg/kg) and monotherapy (Dex 15 mg/kg or FGF21 1 mg/kg) to treat CIA mice induced by chicken type II collagen, respectively. The effects of treatment were determined by arthritis severity score, histological damage, and cytokine production. The levels of oxidative stress parameters, liver functions, and other blood biochemical indexes were detected to determine FGF21 efficiency to side effects of dexamethasone. Oil red O was performed to detect the effects of FGF21 and dexamethasone on fat accumulation in HepG2 cells. The mechanism of FGF21 improves the side effects of dexamethasone which was analyzed by Western blotting. This combination proved to be therapeutically more effective than dexamethasone or FGF21 used singly. FGF21 regulates oxidative stress and lipid metabolism by upregulating dexamethasone-inhibited SIRT-1 and then activating downstream Nrf-2/HO-1and PGC-1. FGF21 and dexamethasone are highly effective in the treatment of arthritis; meanwhile, FGF21 may overcome the limited therapeutic response and Cushing syndrome associated with dexamethasone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Sun
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yin-Zhuo Xie
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Guan-Ying Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Jia Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Mei
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Rong-Hui Gao
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Hua Li
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu kangyuan pharmaceutical co. Ltd, Lianyungang, China.
| | - Wen-Fei Wang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin, China.
| | - De-Shan Li
- School of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
- Jiangsu kangyuan pharmaceutical co. Ltd, Lianyungang, China.
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11
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Liu X, Cui H, Niu H, Wang L, Li X, Sun J, Wei Q, Dong J, Liu L, Xian CJ. Hydrocortisone Suppresses Early Paraneoplastic Inflammation And Angiogenesis To Attenuate Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression In Rats. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:9481-9493. [PMID: 31807025 PMCID: PMC6850701 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s224618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is implicated in both hepatic cirrhosis development and hepatocellular carcinogenesis, and treatment with long-acting glucocorticoid dexamethasone prevented liver carcinogenesis in mice. However, it is unclear whether glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and if short-acting glucocorticoids (with fewer adverse effects) inhibit paraneoplastic inflammation and HCC progression. Methods To investigate whether different types of anti-inflammatory agents attenuate HCC progression, the current study compared effects of treatments with hydrocortisone (a short-acting glucocorticoid) or aspirin on HCC progression. HCC was induced in diethylnitrosamine-treated rats which were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8), respectively receiving orally once daily vehicle, glucuronolactone, glucuronolactone+hydrocortisone, and glucuronolactone+aspirin. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was given to rats in drinking water (100mg/L) to induce HCC. At weeks 12 and 16 post-induction, effects were compared on HCC nodule formation, microvessel density, and macrophage infiltration, and levels of paraneoplastic protein expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, interleukin (IL)-10, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results Compared to the model and glucuronolactone alone groups, HCC nodule number and microvessel density in the glucuronolactone+hydrocortisone group were significantly lower at week 12. At week 12 but not week 16, significantly lower levels of macrophages, TNF-α, p-p38, NF-κB, IL-10, HGF, TGF-β1 and VEGF were observed in the paraneoplastic tissue of the glucuronolactone+hydrocortisone group when compared with the control and glucuronolactone groups. Conclusion The results suggest that hydrocortisone treatment reduces macrophage polarization, expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and angiogenesis in paraneoplastic tissue, and attenuates early HCC progression. Although hydrocortisone did not have attenuation effect on advanced solid tumor, the current study shows the potential benefits and supports potential clinical use of hydrocortisone in attenuating early progression of HCC, which is through suppressing paraneoplastic inflammation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Niu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and UniSA Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Xiangzhi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhu Wei
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghui Dong
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and UniSA Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Cory J Xian
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, and UniSA Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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12
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Chai S, Wan L, Wang JL, Huang JC, Huang HX. Gushukang inhibits osteocyte apoptosis and enhances BMP-2/Smads signaling pathway in ovariectomized rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 64:153063. [PMID: 31419728 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional herbal formula Gushukang (GSK) has been clinically applied to treat primary osteoporosis, which can stimulate osteoblastogenesis and improve calcium homeostasis. However, it remains unknown the mechanism that GSK against ovariectomized (OVX) induced damage. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GSK on BMP-2/Smsds signaling pathway and osteocyte apoptosis which has been reported to play a central role in bone remodeling. STUDY DESIGN OVX in rat was established and GSK was administered. RESULTS BMP-2/Smsds signaling pathway was inhibited and the number of apoptotic osteocytes was increased in OVX rats. Treatment with GSK significantly enhanced BMP-2/Smsds signaling pathway by up-regulating the expression of BMP-2, p-Smad1 and p-Smad5, Osterix and Runx2, and inhibited osteocyte apoptosis by up-regulating Bcl-xl and down-regulating Bak, which were consistent with histological changes revealed by ALP, Trap and TUNEL staining. GSK treatment improved bone mass and micro-structure of trabecular bone at distal femur in OVX rats shown by BMD, micro-CT measurement and HE staining. CONCLUSION These data suggest that GSK exhibited protective effects on promoting bone formation and precluding osteocyte apoptosis. The underlying mechanism may be attributed to its regulation on BMP-2/Smads signaling pathway and Bcl2 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Li Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Chun Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Xing Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory Affiliated to National Key Discipline of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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13
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Licini C, Vitale-Brovarone C, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Collagen and non-collagenous proteins molecular crosstalk in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 49:59-69. [PMID: 31543432 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Collagenous and non-collagenous proteins (NCPs) in the extracellular matrix, as well as the coupling mechanisms between osteoclasts and osteoblasts, work together to ensure normal bone metabolism. Each protein plays one or more critical roles in bone metabolism, sometimes even contradictory, thus affecting the final mechanical, physical and chemical properties of bone tissue. Anomalies in the amount and structure of one or more of these proteins can cause abnormalities in bone formation and resorption, which consequently leads to malformations and defects, such as osteoporosis (OP). The connections between key proteins involved in matrix formation and resorption are far from being elucidated. In this review, we resume knowledge on the crosstalk between collagen type I and selected NCPs (Transforming Growth Factor-β, Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, Decorin, Osteonectin, Osteopontin, Bone Sialoprotein and Osteocalcin) of bone matrix, focusing on their possible involvement and role in OP. The different elements of this network can be pharmacologically targeted or used for the design/development of innovative regenerative strategies to modulate a feedback loop in bone remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Licini
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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14
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Shen GY, Ren H, Shang Q, Zhao WH, Zhang ZD, Yu X, Huang JJ, Tang JJ, Yang ZD, Liang D, Jiang XB. Let-7f-5p regulates TGFBR1 in glucocorticoid-inhibited osteoblast differentiation and ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced bone loss. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2182-2197. [PMID: 31592234 PMCID: PMC6775285 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that let-7 enhances osteogenesis and bone formation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We also have confirmed that let-7f-5p expression was upregulated during osteoblast differentiation in rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) and was downregulated in the vertebrae of patients with glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). The study was performed to determine the role of let-7f-5p in GC-inhibited osteogenic differentiation of murine BMSCs in vitro and in GIOP in vivo. Here, we report that dexamethasone (Dex) inhibited osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and let-7f-5p expression, while increasing the expression of transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1), a direct target of let-7f-5p during osteoblast differentiation under Dex conditions. In addition, let-7f-5p promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, as indicated by the promotion of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity, Von Kossa staining, and osteogenic marker expression (Runx2,Osx, Alp, and Ocn), but decreased TGFBR1 expression in the presence of Dex. However, overexpression of TGFBR1 reversed the upregulation of let-7f-5p during Dex-treated osteoblast differentiation. Knockdown of TGFBR1 reversed the effect of let-7f-5p downregulation during Dex-treated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. We also found that glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mediated transcriptional silencing of let-7f-5p and its knockdown enhanced Dex-inhibited osteogenic differentiation. Further, when injected in vivo, agomiR-let-7f-5p significantly reversed bone loss induced by Dex, as well as increased osteogenic marker expression (Runx2, Osx, Alp, and Ocn) and decreased TGFBR1 expression in bone extracts. These findings indicated that the regulatory axis of GR/let-7f-5p/TGFBR1 may be important for Dex-inhibited osteoblast differentiation and that let-7f-5p may be a useful therapeutic target for GIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Yang Shen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Qi Shang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Wen-Hua Zhao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Zhi-Da Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Jin-Jing Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Jing-Jing Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Yang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - De Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
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15
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Thiele S, Hannemann A, Winzer M, Baschant U, Weidner H, Nauck M, Thakker RV, Bornhäuser M, Hofbauer LC, Rauner M. Regulation of sclerostin in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) in mice and humans. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:923-934. [PMID: 31234141 PMCID: PMC6612066 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) are used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including various forms of arthritis. However, their use is limited, amongst others, by adverse effects on bone. The Wnt and bone formation inhibitor sclerostin was recently implicated in the pathogenesis of GC-induced osteoporosis. However, data are ambiguous. The aim of this study was to assess the regulation of sclerostin by GC using several mouse models with high GC levels and two independent cohorts of patients treated with GC. Male 24-week-old C57BL/6 and 18-week-old DBA/1 mice exposed to GC and 12-week-old mice with endogenous hypercortisolism displayed reduced bone formation as indicated by reduced levels of P1NP and increased serum sclerostin levels. The expression of sclerostin in femoral bone tissue and GC-treated bone marrow stromal cells, however, was not consistently altered. In contrast, GC dose- and time-dependently suppressed sclerostin at mRNA and protein levels in human mesenchymal stromal cells, and this effect was GC receptor dependent. In line with the human cell culture data, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 101) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR, n = 21) who were exposed to GC had lower serum levels of sclerostin than healthy age- and sex-matched controls (-40%, P < 0.01 and -26.5%, P < 0.001, respectively). In summary, sclerostin appears to be differentially regulated by GC in mice and humans as it is suppressed by GCs in humans but is not consistently altered in mice. Further studies are required to delineate the differences between GC regulation of sclerostin in mice and humans and assess whether sclerostin mediates GC-induced osteoporosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Thiele
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maria Winzer
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Baschant
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heike Weidner
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rajesh V Thakker
- Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Department of Medicine I, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- DFG Research Center and Cluster of Excellence for Regenerative Therapies, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- DFG Research Center and Cluster of Excellence for Regenerative Therapies, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Combined Extracts of Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi Rebalance Bone Remodeling in Ovariectomized Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1596951. [PMID: 30894875 PMCID: PMC6393883 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1596951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the osteoprotective effect and the possible molecular mechanisms of the combined extracts of Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi on postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Forty-eight female SD rats were sham-operated (Sham, n = 8) or ovariectomized (OVX, n = 40). Then after a week, OVX rats were divided randomly into five groups (n = 8 in each group): OVX, extracts of Herba Epimedii (HE, 0.35 g/kg), extracts of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL, 0.35 g/kg), combined extracts of HE and FLL (HE & FLL, 0.20 g/kg HE plus 0.15 g/kg FLL), and Raloxifene hydrochloride (RH, 6.25 mg/kg) groups. All groups were administered once daily for 12 weeks. Indicators related to bone remodeling were detected, including estradiol (E2), bone mineral density (BMD), maximal load, ultimate deflection, micro-CT properties, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in serum and bone, and the protein and mRNA expression of bone turnover markers (RANKL, M-CSF, Wnt5a, Atp6v0d2, OPG, IGF-1, TGF-β1, and Bmp-2). Results showed that the combined extracts could increase serum E2 levels and BMD, enhance bone strength, reserve bone microstructure degeneration, promote bone formation, and inhibit bone resorption through upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of OPG, IGF-1, TGF-β1, and Bmp-2, while downregulating RANKL, M-CSF, Wnt5a, and Atp6v0d2. These findings demonstrated that the combined extracts of Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi with bone protective effects on OVX rats might be an alternative medicine for the treatment of PMOP.
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17
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Adogwa O, Vuong VD, Lilly DT, Desai SA, Khanna R, Ahmad S, Woodward J, Khalid S, Cheng J. Limited post-operative dexamethasone use does not affect lumbar fusion: a single institutional experience. JOURNAL OF SPINE SURGERY 2018; 4:254-259. [PMID: 30069515 DOI: 10.21037/jss.2018.05.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The use of exogenous dexamethasone during and after lumbar spine surgery remains controversial. The preponderance of studies on this topic is primarily from animal models and little is known about the effects of exogenous dexamethasone use on fusion outcomes in human subjects undergoing lumbar arthrodesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of limited exogenous dexamethasone use on bone fusion after instrumented lumbar arthrodesis. Methods Consecutive adult patients (18 years and older) undergoing one and two level lumbar decompression and fusion between January 2013 and December 2014 were reviewed. Patients were dichotomized into one of two groups (A & B) based on whether they received dexamethasone-Group (A) dexamethasone; and Group (B) no dexamethasone. Baseline characteristics, operative details, length of hospital stay, rates of wound infection, and fusion rates at 1 year were gathered by direct medical record review. All patients enrolled in this study were followed for a minimum of 12 months after surgery. Results One hundred sixty-five consecutive patients undergoing 1- and 2-level fusions were included in the study. Fifty eight patients received dexamethasone and 107 patients did not. The mean ± SD age was similar between both cohorts ("dexamethasone": 58.12±16.25 years vs. "no dexamethasone": 61.00±12.95, P=0.24). The was no difference in the prevalence of smoking (P=0.72) between both cohorts. Length of in-hospital stay was similar between cohorts ("dexamethasone": 4.08±3.44 days vs. "no dexamethasone": 4.50±2.85 days, P=0.43). The incidence of post-operative infections was similar between cohorts. At 12 months after surgery, 70% of patients in the dexamethasone cohort had radiographic evidence of bony fusion compared to 73% of patients in the no-dexamethasone cohort (P=0.68). Conclusions Our study suggests that a limited exposure to exogenous dexamethasone after lumbar spine fusion may not be associated with a lower fusion rate. Prospective randomized control trials are needed to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owoicho Adogwa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Victoria D Vuong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel T Lilly
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shyam A Desai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Khanna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shahjehan Ahmad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Josha Woodward
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Syed Khalid
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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18
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Shen G, Ren H, Shang Q, Qiu T, Yu X, Zhang Z, Huang J, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Liang D, Jiang X. Autophagy as a target for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2683-2693. [PMID: 29427075 PMCID: PMC11105583 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy takes part in regulating the eukaryotic cells function and the progression of numerous diseases, but its clinical utility has not been fully developed yet. Recently, mounting evidences highlight an important correlation between autophagy and bone homeostasis, mediated by osteoclasts, osteocytes, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and osteoblasts, and autophagy plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). The combinations of autophagy activators/inhibitors with anti-GIOP first-line drugs or some new autophagy-based manipulators, such as regulation of B cell lymphoma 2 family proteins and caspase-dependent clearance of autophagy-related gene proteins, are likely to be the promising approaches for GIOP clinical treatments. In view of the important role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of GIOP, here we review the potential mechanisms about the impacts of autophagy in GIOP and its association with GIOP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyang Shen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Qi Shang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jinjing Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - De Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
- Laboratory Affiliated to National Key Discipline of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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19
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Xu ZY, Liu YL, Lin JB, Cheng KL, Wang YG, Yao HL, Wu HY, Su WW, Shaw PC, Li PB. Preparative expression and purification of a nacreous protein N16 and testing its effect on osteoporosis rat model. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:440-445. [PMID: 29329805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
N16, a nacreous protein isolated from Pinctada martensii, is related to nacreous layer formation. Our previous study indicated that N16 showed dual regulatory effects by inducing osteoblast biomineralization as well as inhibiting osteoclast formation. In order to obtain large quantity of N16 for animal experiment and clinical trial, a fermentation and preparative purification method was established. The N16 cDNA was cloned to a BL21(DE3)plysE-pET32a vector and grown in a 20 L fermenter. The medium, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) were optimized. N16 was expressed in inclusion bodies. It was denatured and refolded in 8 M urea buffer and purified to 97% purity by passing through a gel filtration column. The glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis (GIO) rat model was used to investigate the anti-osteoporosis activity of N16 in vivo. Results showed that the decrease of the bone mineral density (BMD) and the ultimate load was significantly relieved after N16 treatment. N16 displayed dual regulatory effects by promoting osteogenesis as well as inhibiting bone resorption in vivo. Our work will contribute to further clinical studies on N16 for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yan Xu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ling Liu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Bi Lin
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Ling Cheng
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gang Wang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Liang Yao
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hoi-Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), LDS YYC R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei-Wei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK), LDS YYC R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Pei-Bo Li
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Li S, Miao Z, Tian Y, Wang H, Wang S, He T, Yang Y, Wang P, Ma M, Yang T, Chen T, Liu Z, Gao J, Chen C, Qian A. Limethason reduces airway inflammation in a murine model of ovalbumin-induced chronic asthma without causing side effects. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2269-2276. [PMID: 29456634 PMCID: PMC5795477 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway inflammation is the major pathological feature of asthma. Thus, the current therapeutic strategy for asthma is to control inflammation. Limethason, an anti-inflammation drug, is widely used in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. The aim of the present study was to detect the anti-inflammatory effect and side effects of limethason on airways that were sensitized with ovalbumin in a murine model of chronic asthma. In the present study, BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin. Airway hyperresponsiveness was estimated, and hematoxylin and eosin staining, Periodic acid-Schiff staining and bronchoalveolar lavage were used to detect the effect on chronic asthma. Limethason effectively reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, and inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis revealed that limethason suppressed levels of airway eosinophils. In the period of treatment, limethason exhibited no influence on morphology of the femoral head, bone mineral content or bone mineral density, which were detected by histological studies and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The index of liver, spleen, kidney, gastrocnemius and brown adipose tissue also demonstrated that limethason had no adverse effects on organs and tissues. The present study revealed that limethason could effectively reduce inflammation in an asthma mouse model without side effects. Therefore, limethason may have therapeutic potential for treating chronic asthma clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Miao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Tianyuan He
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Yue Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Mengyao Ma
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
| | - Tuanmin Yang
- Clinical Laboratory of Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Xi'an Libang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- CNGC Institute of Industrial Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P.R. China
| | - Junhong Gao
- CNGC Institute of Industrial Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P.R. China
| | - Chu Chen
- Clinical Laboratory of Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Airong Qian
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P.R. China
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Ren H, Shen G, Tang J, Qiu T, Zhang Z, Zhao W, Yu X, Huang J, Liang D, Yao Z, Yang Z, Jiang X. Promotion effect of extracts from plastrum testudinis on alendronate against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rat spine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10617. [PMID: 28878388 PMCID: PMC5587701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10614-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alendronate (ALN) is a key therapeutic used to treat glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP), but may induce severe side effects. We showed earlier that plastrum testudinis extracts (PTE) prevented and treated GIOP in vivo. However, clinically, PTE is seldom used alone. Herein, we reveal the synergistic effect of ALN and PTE can treat GIOP of the rat spine and define the mechanism. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups: a vehicle group, a GIOP group, an ALN group, and an ALN+PTE group. Each group was further divided into two experimental phases, including dexamethasone (DXM) intervention and withdrawal. Bone mass, microarchitecture, biomechanics, bone-turnover markers, and histomorphology were evaluated. The mRNA and protein expression levels of CTSK and Runx2 were detemined. We found that ALN+PTE improved bone quantity and quality, bone strength, bone turnover; and mitigated histological damage during glucocorticoid intervention and withdrawal. The therapeutic effect was better than that afforded by ALN alone. ALN+PTE reduced CTSK protein expression, promoted Runx2 mRNA and protein expression to varying extents, and more strongly inhibited bone resorption than did ALN alone. Overall, the synergistic effect mediated by ALN+PTE reversed GIOP during DXM intervention and withdrawal via affecting CTSK and Runx2 expression at mRNA and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ren
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Gengyang Shen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou , Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou , Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou , Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou , Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou , Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jinjing Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou , Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - De Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhensong Yao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhidong Yang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510405, China. .,Laboratory Affiliated to National Key Discipline of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Yang Y, Nian H, Tang X, Wang X, Liu R. Effects of the combined Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi on bone turnover and TGF-β1/Smads pathway in GIOP rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 201:91-99. [PMID: 28254481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kidney deficiency is the main pathogenesis of osteoporosis based on the theory of "kidney governing bones" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Combined Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, based on traditional Chinese formula Er-Zhi pills, were frequently used in TCM formulas that were prescribed for kidney tonifying and bone strengthening. However, it is unclear whether the combination of the two herbs may have a protective influence on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects and the underlying molecular mechanism of the decoction and the active fractions of the combined herbs in GIOP rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven groups, including the normal control (NC), GIOP model (MO), active fractions low (100mg/kg, LAF), active fractions high (200mg/kg, HAF), decoction low (3.5g/kg, LD), decoction high (7g/kg, HD) and Calcium with Vitamin D3 (0.2773g/kg, CaD)-treated group. The GIOP model was established by intramuscular injection of dexamethasone (1mg/kg) twice a week for 8 weeks. Different kinds of indicators were measured, including bone mineral density (BMD), bone biomechanical properties, serum bone alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP), serum bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGP), serum bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) and serum carboxy terminal cross linked telopeptide of typeⅠcollagen (ICTP), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone structured histomorphometry. The protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4 and Smad7 were detected by Western blotting (WB) and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. RESULTS Administration of combined Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi decoction and combined active fractions could significantly prevent GC-induced bone loss by increasing the contents of serum b-ALP, BGP and BMP-2 as the markers of bone formation, reducing the serum TRACP and ICTP contents to inhibit bone resorption and enhancing BMC. They could also attenuate biomechanical properties and BMD reduction, deterioration of trabecular architecture in MO rats. The mRNA and protein expressions of TGF-β1, smad2, smad3 and smad4 were up-regulated, and the mRNA and protein expression of Smad7 was down-regulated following combined Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi treatment. CONCLUSION Combination of Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi exhibited protective effects on promoting bone formation and precluding bone resorption. The underlying mechanism may be attributed to its regulations on TGF-β1/Smads pathway. The substance bases of the combined herbs on anti-osteoporosis were total flavonoids of Herba Epimedii, total iridoids and flavonoids of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Honglei Nian
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiufeng Tang
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Renhui Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China.
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Yu X, Ye C, Xiang L. Application of artificial neural network in the diagnostic system of osteoporosis. Neurocomputing 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Luo SY, Chen JF, Zhong ZG, Lv XH, Yang YJ, Zhang JJ, Cui L. Salvianolic acid B stimulates osteogenesis in dexamethasone-treated zebrafish larvae. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1370-1380. [PMID: 27569393 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Our previous studies show that salvianolic acid B (Sal B) promotes osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of Sal B on the osteogenesis in dexamethasone (Dex)-treated larval zebrafish, and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. METHODS At 3 d post fertilization, wild-type AB zebrafish larvae or bone transgenic tg (sp7:egfp) zebrafish larvae were exposed to Sal B, Dex, or a mixture of Dex+Sal B for 6 d. Bone mineralization in AB strain larval zebrafish was assessed with alizarin red staining, and osteoblast differentiation in tg (sp7:egfp) larval zebrafish was examined with fluorescence scanning. The expression of osteoblast-specific genes in the larvae was detected using qRT-PCR assay. The levels of oxidative stress markers (ROS and MDA) in the larvae were also measured. RESULTS Exposure to Dex (5-20 μmol/L) dose-dependently decreased the bone mineralization area and integral optical density (IOD) in wild-type AB zebrafish larvae and the osteoblast fluorescence area and IOD in tg (sp7:egfp) zebrafish larvae. Exposure to Dex (10 μmol/L) significantly reduced the expression of osteoblast-specific genes, including runx2a, osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osterix (sp7), and increased the accumulation of ROS and MDA in the larvae. Co-exposure to Sal B (0.2-2 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased the bone mineralization area and IOD in AB zebafish larvae and osteoblast fluorescence in tg (sp7:egfp) zebrafish larvae. Co-exposure to Sal B (2 μmol/L) significantly attenuated deleterious alterations in bony tissue and oxidative stress in both Dex-treated AB zebafish larvae and tg (sp7:egfp) zebrafish larvae. CONCLUSION Sal B stimulates bone formation and rescues GC-caused inhibition on osteogenesis in larval zebrafish by counteracting oxidative stress and increasing the expression of osteoblast-specific genes. Thus, Sal B may have protective effects on bone loss trigged by GC.
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Shen G, Ren H, Qiu T, Liang D, Wei Q, Tang J, Zhang Z, Yao Z, Zhao W, Jiang X. Effect of glucocorticoid withdrawal on glucocorticoid inducing bone impairment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:1059-1064. [PMID: 27402272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) withdrawal after a short-term use was common in clinical practice like immediate post-transplant period. However, previous studies without setting age-control group failed to determine whether the BMD recovery was sufficient and whether it is necessary to accept anti-osteoporosis therapy after GC withdrawal. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GC withdrawal on bone impairment in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) rats. Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months' old) were randomly divided into two treatment groups: an untreated age-control group (Con, n = 12); another group receiving a dexamethasone injection (DEXA, n = 12). Animals in the Con group were euthanized at 3rd month (M3) and 6th month (M6), respectively. Six rats in the DEXA group were euthanized at 3rd month (M3), whereas GC intervention was withdrew in the remaining animals of DEXA group, which were euthanized at the end of 6th month (M6). Bone mass, bone microarchitecture, biomechanical properties of vertebrae, morphology, serum levels of PINP and β-CTX were evaluated. Compared with the Con(M3) group, the Con(M6) group showed significantly better bone quantity, morphology and quality. Compared with the Con(M3) group, the DEXA (M3) group showed significantly lower BMC, BMD, BS/TV, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, vBMD, bone strength, compressive displacement, energy absorption capacity, PINP levels, β-CTX levels, and damaged trabecular morphology. And the same change trend was observed in the comparison between the Con(M6) group and DEXA (M6) group. Compared with the DEXA (M3) group, the DEXA (M6) group showed significantly higher BMC, BMD and AREA, but no significant difference in BS/TV, BV/TV, SMI, Tb.N, Tb.Th, Tb.Sp, vBMD, bone strength, bone stiffness, compressive displacement, energy absorption capacity, PINP levels, β-CTX levels, and improvement in trabecular morphology was observed. These results indicate that the reverse effect of GC withdrawal for 3 months on bone impairment in GIOP rats was insufficient, which implied that related anti-osteoporosis treatment might be still necessitated after GC withdrawal in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyang Shen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Hui Ren
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Ting Qiu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - De Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Qiushi Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhensong Yao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Laboratory Affiliated to National Key Discipline of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Sedaghati B, Jahroomishirazi R, Starke A, Hacker MC, Schulz-Siegmund M. Rat Osteosarcoma Cells as a Therapeutic Target Model for Osteoregeneration via Sclerostin Knockdown. Cells Tissues Organs 2016; 201:366-79. [DOI: 10.1159/000444634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There are various conceptually different strategies to improve bone regeneration and to treat osteoporosis, each with distinct inherent advantages and disadvantages. The use of RNA interference strategies to suppress the biological action of catabolic factors or antagonists of osteogenic proteins is promising, and such strategies can be applied locally. They are comparably inexpensive and do not suffer from stability problems as protein-based approaches. In this study, we focus on sclerostin, encoded by the SOST gene, a key regulator of bone formation and remodeling. Sclerostin is expressed by mature osteocytes but also by late osteogenically differentiated cells. Thus, it is difficult and requires long-term cultures to investigate the effects of SOST silencing on the expression of osteogenic markers using primary cells. We, therefore, selected a rat osteosarcoma cell line, UMR-106, that has been shown to express SOST and secrete sclerostin in a comparable fashion as late osteoblasts and osteocytes. We investigated the effects of differentiating supplements on SOST expression and sclerostin secretion in UMR-106 cells and found that addition of 100 ng/ml of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 strongly induced sclerostin secretion, whereas dexamethasone inhibited secretion. Effects of silencing SOST in UMR-106 cells cultured in various differentiation media including BMP-2 and/or dexamethasone were determined next with the aim to find promising test conditions for a readout system for the evaluation of future small interfering RNA release formulations for local induction of bone formation. We found a direct correlation between attenuated SOST expression and an increase in the osteogenic potential of UMR-106 cells. The combination of SOST silencing and BMP-2 could synergistically improve osteogenic factors. A lowered proliferation rate in silenced groups may indicate a faster switch to differentiation.
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Liang D, Ren H, Qiu T, Shen G, Xie B, Wei Q, Yao Z, Tang J, Zhang Z, Jiang X. Extracts from plastrum testudinis reverse glucocorticoid-induced spinal osteoporosis of rats via targeting osteoblastic and osteoclastic markers. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:151-60. [PMID: 27470350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracts from plastrum testudinis (PTE), an important traditional Chinese medicine, have been demonstrated promotion of osteoblastic function in vitro. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of PTE on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis(GIOP) in vivo and analyze therapeutic targets of PTE on GIOP. SD rats were randomly assigned to two experiments: preventive and therapeutic experiments, in which rats respectively received oral PTE at the same time of glucocorticoid injection or after glucocorticoid injection inducing osteoporosis. BMD, microarchitecture, biomechanics, bone metabolism markers and histomorphology were evaluated. mRNA and protein expression of OPG, Runx2, CTSK and MMP9 were examined.Results showed bone quality and bone quantity were significantly elevated by PTE. Histomorphometry showed thicker and denser bone trabecularsand more osteoblasts and less osteoclasts in group of PTE intervention. The mRNA expression of OPG was significantly upregulated whereas expression of CTSK was significantly downregulatedin different groups of PTE intervention. Stronger immunostaining for Runx2 and weaker immunostaining for CTSK were observed in groups of PTE intervention. This demonstrated that PTE may reverse GIOP in prevention and management via targeting OPG, Runx2 and CTSK in mRNA and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Laboratory Affiliated to National Key Discipline of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Hui Ren
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
| | - Ting Qiu
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Gengyang Shen
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Bo Xie
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Qiushi Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhensong Yao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Laboratory Affiliated to National Key Discipline of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510405, China.
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Jiang X, Zhao M, Wang Y, Zhu H, Zhao S, Wu J, Song Y, Peng S. RGD(F/S/V)-Dex: towards the development of novel, effective, and safe glucocorticoids. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:1059-76. [PMID: 27022245 PMCID: PMC4789840 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s99568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dexamethasone (Dex) is an effective glucocorticoid in treating inflammation and preventing rejection reaction. However, the side effects limit its clinical application. To improve its druggable profile, the conjugates of RGD-peptide-modified Dex were presented and their enhanced anti-inflammation activity, minimized osteoporotic action, and nanoscaled assembly were explored. (RGD stands for Arg-Gly-Asp. Standard single letter biochemical abbreviations for amino acids have been used throughout this paper.) In respect of the rejection reaction, the survival time of the implanted myocardium of the mice treated with 1.43 µmol/kg/d of the conjugates for 15 consecutive days was significantly longer than that of the mice treated with 2.5 µmol/kg/d of Dex, and the conjugates, but not Dex, exhibited no toxic action. At a single dose of 14.3 µmol/kg (100 times minimal effective dose, 0.143 µmol/kg), the conjugates induced no liver, kidney, or systemic toxicity. At the dose of 1.43 µmol/kg, the conjugates, but not Dex, prolonged the bleeding time of the mice, and inhibited the thrombosis of the rats. In water and rat plasma, the conjugates formed nanoparticles of 14-250 and 101-166 nm in diameter, respectively. Since the nanoparticles of ~100 nm in size cannot be entrapped by macrophages in the circulation, RGDF-Dex would particularly be worthy of development, since its nanoparticle diameter is 101 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Jiang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Faculty of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuji Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haimei Zhu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shurui Zhao
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanbo Song
- Guangxi Pusen Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Peng
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Ko YH, Tsai MS, Chang RW, Chang CY, Wang CH, Wu MS, Liang JT, Chang KC. Methylprednisolone Protects Cardiac Pumping Mechanics from Deteriorating in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Rats. Front Physiol 2015; 6:348. [PMID: 26635633 PMCID: PMC4659924 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that a prolonged low-dose corticosteroid treatment attenuates the severity of inflammation and the intensity and duration of organ system failure. In the present study, we determined whether low-dose methylprednisolone (a synthetic glucocorticoid) can protect male Wistar rats against cardiac pumping defects caused by lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic inflammation. For the induction of chronic inflammation, a slow-release ALZET osmotic pump was subcutaneously implanted to infuse lipopolysaccharide (1 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) for 2 weeks. The lipopolysaccharide-challenged rats were treated on a daily basis with intraperitoneal injection of methylprednisolone (5 mg kg(-1) d(-1)) for 2 weeks. Under conditions of anesthesia and open chest, we recorded left ventricular (LV) pressure and ascending aortic flow signals to calculate the maximal systolic elastance (E max) and the theoretical maximum flow (Q max), using the elastance-resistance model. Physically, E max reflects the contractility of the myocardium as an intact heart, whereas Q max has an inverse relationship with the LV internal resistance. Compared with the sham rats, the cardiodynamic condition was characterized by a decline in E max associated with the increased Q max in the lipopolysaccharide-treated rats. Methylprednisolone therapy increased E max, which suggests that the drug may have protected the contractile status from deteriorating in the inflamed heart. By contrast, methylprednisolone therapy considerably reduced Q max, indicating that the drug may have normalized the LV internal resistance. In parallel, the benefits of methylprednisolone on the LV systolic pumping mechanics were associated with the reduced cardiac levels of negative inotropic molecules such as peroxynitrite, malondialdehyde, and high-mobility group box 1 protein. Based on these data, we suggested that low-dose methylprednisolone might prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced decline in cardiac intrinsic contractility and LV internal resistance, possibly through its ability to reduce the aforementioned myocardial depressant substances. However, since our results were obtained in anesthetized open-chest rats, extrapolation to what may occur in conscious intact animals should be done with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Ko
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ru-Wen Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiou Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Tung Liang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chu Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
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