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Cruz E, Mendez A, Ting A, Spiegel D, Tsai TC, Carver CS, Kim Y. The associations of spirituality and Hispanic ethnicity with neuroendocrine biomarkers among patients with colorectal cancer. J Psychosom Res 2024; 185:111865. [PMID: 39116686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dealing with cancer evokes not only physical and emotional distress, but may also promote resilience through spirituality. Patients with cancer are vulnerable to neuroendocrine dysregulation. This longitudinal observational study examined the degree to which spirituality was associated with neuroendocrine biomarkers and the moderating role of Hispanic ethnicity. METHODS Participants were adults who were recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer (n = 81, 55 years old, 66% male, 63% Hispanic, 72% advanced cancer, 7 months post-diagnosis). The domains of spirituality (faith, meaning, and peace) and ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic) were self-reported. Cortisol and alpha amylase (sAA) were assayed from saliva samples collected at waking and bedtime on seven consecutive days. Mean levels at waking and bedtime, and diurnal slopes over seven days were calculated. Age and cancer stage were covariates. RESULTS Overall, patients reported moderate to high levels of spirituality. General linear modeling revealed that greater faith was associated with higher levels of sAA at waking and bedtime as well as more blunted diurnal pattern of sAA only among Hispanic patients (p ≤ .045). Greater peace was associated with steeper diurnal pattern of sAA, regardless of ethnicity (B = 0.021, p = .005). Meaning and cortisol were not significantly associated with study variables. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that presence of peace facing a cancer diagnosis associated with neuroendocrine regulation, whereas drawing on one's faith, particularly among Hispanic patients, associated with neuroendocrine dysregulation during the first months after the diagnosis. Further investigations of psychobiobehavioral moderators and mediators for healthy neuroendocrine functioning among patients with cancer are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda Ting
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, USA
| | - David Spiegel
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, USA
| | | | | | - Youngmee Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, USA.
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Upadhyay A, Pal D, Gupta PK, Kumar A. Antimicrobial therapeutic protein extraction from fruit waste and recent trends in their utilization against infections. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024:10.1007/s00449-024-03037-w. [PMID: 38822156 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03037-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Fruits are a very good source of various nutrients that can boost overall human health. In these days, the recovery of therapeutic compounds from different fruit wastes is trending in research, which might not only minimize the waste problem but also encounter a higher demand for various enzymes that could have antimicrobial properties against infectious diseases. The goal of this review is to focus on the recovery of therapeutic enzymes from fruit wastes and its present-day tendency for utilization. Here we discussed different parts of fruit waste, such as pulp, pomace, seed, kernel, peel, etc., that produce therapeutic enzymes like amylase, cellulose, lipase, laccase, pectinase, etc. These bioactive enzymes are present in different parts of fruit and could be used as therapeutics against various infectious diseases. This article provides a thorough knowledge compilation of therapeutic enzyme isolation from fruit waste on a single platform, distinctly informative, and significant review work on the topic that is envisioned to encourage further research ideas in these areas that are still under-explored. This paper explains the various aspects of enzyme isolation from fruit and vegetable waste and their biotherapeutic potential that could provide new insights into the development of biotherapeutics and attract the attention of researchers to enhance translational research magnitude further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India
| | - Dharm Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Gupta
- Department of Kaumarabhritya, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, 110076, India.
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India.
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3
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Thieux M, Guyon A, Seugnet L, Franco P. Salivary α-amylase as a marker of sleep disorders: A theoretical review. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 74:101894. [PMID: 38157687 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Sleep disorders are commonplace in our modern societies. Specialized hospital departments are generally overloaded, and sleep assessment is an expensive process in terms of equipment, human resources, and time. Biomarkers would usefully complement current measures in the screening and follow-up of sleep disorders and their daytime repercussions. Among salivary markers, a growing body of literature suggests that salivary α-amylase (sAA) may be a cross-species marker of sleep debt. However, there is no consensus as to the direction of variation in sAA with sleep disorders. Herein, after describing the mechanisms of sAA secretion and its relationship with stress, studies assessing the relationship between sAA and sleep parameters are reviewed. Finally, the influence of confounding factors is discussed, along with methodological considerations, to better understand the fluctuations in sAA and facilitate future studies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Thieux
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France.
| | - Aurore Guyon
- Pediatric Sleep Unit and CRMR Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Department of Pediatric Clinical Epileptology, Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Seugnet
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Franco
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), INSERM, Lyon, France; Pediatric Sleep Unit and CRMR Narcolepsie-Hypersomnies Rares, Department of Pediatric Clinical Epileptology, Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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4
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Kumar H, Mandal S, Yadav R, Gupta S, Meena H, Kadu M, Kudawla R, Sharma P, Kaur IP, Maiti S, Ipsen JH, Bhatia T. Bottom-up approach to explore alpha-amylase assisted membrane remodelling. Chem Phys Lipids 2024; 259:105374. [PMID: 38176612 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Soluble alpha-amylases play an important role in the catabolism of polysaccharides. In this work, we show that the malt α -amylase can interact with the lipid membrane and further alter its mechanical properties. Vesicle fluctuation spectroscopy is used for quantitative measurement of the membrane bending rigidity of phosphatidylcholines lipid vesicles from the shape fluctuation based on the whole contour of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs). The bending rigidity of the 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine lipid vesicles in water increases significantly with the presence of 0.14 micromolar alpha-amylase (AA) in the exterior solution. It appears that the enzyme present in the external solution interacts with the outer layer of the bilayer membrane, leading to an asymmetry of the solution on either side of the bilayer membrane and altering its elasticity. At AA concentration of 1.5 micromolars and above, changes in the morphology of the GUV membrane are observed. The interaction between AA in the external solution and the external leaflet causes the bilayer membrane to curve spontaneously, leading to the formation of outbuds, giving a positive spontaneous curvature of C0 ≤ 0.05 μm-1 at ≈ 1 mg / ml of the AA concentration. We validate and characterize its concentration-dependent role in stabilizing the membrane curvature. Our findings indicate that the involvement of the enzyme, depending on the concentration, can have a considerable effect on the mechanical characteristics of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Kumar
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Sayar Mandal
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Reena Yadav
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Suhasi Gupta
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Hemraj Meena
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Mayur Kadu
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rajni Kudawla
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Pratibha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, Punjab, India
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, Punjab, India
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - John H Ipsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej, Odense, 5230 M, Denmark.
| | - Tripta Bhatia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
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Liu C, Gong X, Yang X, Yu Z, Li W, Liao G, Lin C, Jiang L, Yi C. Development of enzyme-inorganic hybrid nanoflower-modified electrodes and a smartphone-controlled electrochemical analyzer for point-of-care testing of salivary amylase in saliva. NANOSCALE 2023; 16:212-222. [PMID: 38051227 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04388f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantitation of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) plays a significant role in not only theoretical studies but also clinical practice. This study reports a quantitative point-of-care testing (POCT) system for sAA quantitation anywhere, anytime and by anyone, which consists of customized electrodes and a smartphone-controlled electrochemical analyzer. Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers (NFs) encapsulating α-glucosidase (AG) and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) have been synthesized and modified onto screen-printed electrodes (SPCEs) to fabricate the customized electrodes. The SPCEs integrated with the smartphone-controlled electrochemical analyzer exhibit good analytical performance for sAA with a low detection limit of 5.02 U mL-1 and a wide dynamic range of 100-2000 U mL-1 using chronoamperometry. The reported POCT system has been successfully demonstrated for quantitation of sAA in clinical saliva samples, and the quantitation results correlated well with those of the Bernfeld method which is extensively used in clinics. More importantly, this study reveals the great potential of sAA as an early warning indicator of abnormal glucose metabolism in obese individuals. Considering the non-invasive saliva sampling process as well as the easy-to-use and cost-effectiveness features of this quantitative POCT system, quantitation of salivary sAA at home by laypersons might become an appealing choice for obese individuals to monitor their glucose metabolism status anytime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| | - Xia Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| | - Xiao Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China.
| | - Zipei Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| | - Weihao Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China.
| | - Guangyi Liao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China.
| | - Chuanquan Lin
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China.
| | - Lelun Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| | - Changqing Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Advanced and Portable Medical Devices, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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Aksoy N, Vatansever C, Adalı C, Adaklı Aksoy B, Fışgın T. The Inhibitory Effects of Amylase and Streptokinase on Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics Used to Treat Gram Negative Bacteria Biofilm Infection on Indwelling Devices. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:533-540. [PMID: 38031607 PMCID: PMC10682295 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The study evaluated and compared the effect of adding streptokinase and amylase to antibiotics that are already used in clinical practice to treat Gram negative bacteria biofilm infection on indwelling devices on the antibiotics' minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). 24 h-old biofilms were developed on 96-well plate with eight clinical isolates. MIC of amikacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, colistin, meropenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam, on biofilms were measured before and after the addition of 25 U/ml streptokinase and 25 μg/ml amylase with microplate reader. The addition of streptokinase reduces the MICs of cefepime, ceftazidime, colistin, meropenem from (16, 16, 8, 4 μg/ml) to (8, 1, 1, 0.5 μg/ml) in Escherichia coli (isolate 1). While the addition of amylase reduces the MICs of only cefepime, ceftazidime from (16, 16 μg/ml) to (2, 4 μg/ml) in E. coli (isolate 1). In Pseudomonas aeruginosa (isolate 4), the MICs of amikacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, colistin and meropenem (64, 16, 32, 4, 32 μg/ml) reduced to (2, 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.5 μg/ml) with streptokinase and (4, 4, 4, 2, 0.5 μg/ml) with amylase respectively. Similar inhibitions were seen in Pseudomonas putida, Proteus mirabilis. We can conclude that the addition of streptokinase and amylase were effective in reducing the MICs of antibiotics that are commonly used to treat Gram negative bacteria biofilm infection on indwelling devices, thereby increasing susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics. Streptokinase obviously had a greater effect than amylase, implying that it should be prioritized in future in vivo and clinical studies to obtain successful therapy with antibiotics on biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Aksoy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cansu Vatansever
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Adalı
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Başak Adaklı Aksoy
- Medical Park Bahçelievler Hospital Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Altınbaş University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunç Fışgın
- Medical Park Bahçelievler Hospital Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Altınbaş University, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Liu H, Guan F, Liu T, Yang L, Fan L, Liu X, Luo H, Wu N, Yao B, Tian J, Huang H. MECE: a method for enhancing the catalytic efficiency of glycoside hydrolase based on deep neural networks and molecular evolution. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:2793-2805. [PMID: 37867059 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The demand for high efficiency glycoside hydrolases (GHs) is on the rise due to their various industrial applications. However, improving the catalytic efficiency of an enzyme remains a challenge. This investigation showcases the capability of a deep neural network and method for enhancing the catalytic efficiency (MECE) platform to predict mutations that improve catalytic activity in GHs. The MECE platform includes DeepGH, a deep learning model that is able to identify GH families and functional residues. This model was developed utilizing 119 GH family protein sequences obtained from the Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes (CAZy) database. After undergoing ten-fold cross-validation, the DeepGH models exhibited a predictive accuracy of 96.73%. The utilization of gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) was used to aid us in comprehending the classification features, which in turn facilitated the creation of enzyme mutants. As a result, the MECE platform was validated with the development of CHIS1754-MUT7, a mutant that boasts seven amino acid substitutions. The kcat/Km of CHIS1754-MUT7 was found to be 23.53 times greater than that of the wild type CHIS1754. Due to its high computational efficiency and low experimental cost, this method offers significant advantages and presents a novel approach for the intelligent design of enzyme catalytic efficiency. As a result, it holds great promise for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Feifei Guan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Tuoyu Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lingxi Fan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huiying Luo
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ningfeng Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian Tian
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Huoqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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8
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Wang N, Liang Y, Ma Q, Mi J, Xue Y, Yang Y, Wang L, Wu X. Mechanisms of ag85a/b DNA vaccine conferred immunotherapy and recovery from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced injury. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e854. [PMID: 37249284 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous research developed a novel tuberculosis (TB) DNA vaccine ag85a/b that showed a significant therapeutic effect on the mouse tuberculosis model by intramuscular injection (IM) and electroporation (EP). However, the action mechanisms between these two vaccine immunization methods remain unclear. In a previous study, 96 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) H37 Rv-infected BALB/c mice were treated with phosphate-buffered saline, 10, 50, 100, and 200 μg ag85a/b DNA vaccine delivered by IM and EP three times at 2-week intervals, respectively. In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from three mice in each group were isolated to extract total RNA. The gene expression profiles were analyzed using gene microarray technology to obtain differentially expressed (DE) genes. Finally, DE genes were validated by real-time reverse transcription-quantitive polymerase chain reaction and the GEO database. After MTB infection, most of the upregulated DE genes were related to the digestion and absorption of nutrients or neuroendocrine (such as Iapp, Scg2, Chga, Amy2a5), and most of the downregulated DE genes were related to cellular structural and functional proteins, especially the structure and function proteins of the alveolar epithelial cell (such as Sftpc, Sftpd, Pdpn). Most of the abnormally upregulated or downregulated DE genes in the TB model group were recovered in the 100 and 200 μg ag85a/b DNA IM groups and four DNA EP groups. The pancreatic secretion pathway downregulated and the Rap1 signal pathway upregulated had particularly significant changes during the immunotherapy of the ag85a/b DNA vaccine on the mouse TB model. The action targets and mechanisms of IM and EP are highly consistent. Tuberculosis infection causes rapid catabolism and slow anabolism in mice. For the first time, we found that the effective dose of the ag85a/b DNA vaccine immunized whether by IM or EP could significantly up-regulate immune-related pathways and recover the metabolic disorder and the injury caused by MTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Mi
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yourong Yang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiong Wu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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9
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S/O/W microparticles prepared with hydroxyethyl starch-based emulsifier showed reduced macrophage affinity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Farid AH, Rupasinghe PP. Serum Analytes of American Mink (Neovison Vison) Challenged with Aleutian Mink Disease Virus. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:2725. [PMID: 36290111 PMCID: PMC9597810 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Black American mink (Neovison vison), which had been selected for tolerance to Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) for more than 20 years (TG100) or were from herds that have been free of AMDV (TG0), along with their progeny and crosses with 50% and 75% tolerance ancestry, were inoculated with a local isolate of AMDV. Blood samples were collected from 493 mink between 120 and 1211 days post-inoculation, and concentrations of 14 serum analytes were measured. Distributions of all analytes significantly deviated from normality, and data were analyzed after Box-Cox power transformation. Significant differences were observed among tolerant groups in the concentrations of globulin (GLO), total protein (TP), alkaline phosphatase, urea nitrogen, and calcium. Concentrations of GLO and TP linearly and significantly decreased with an increasing percentage of tolerance ancestry. Eleven analytes had the smallest values in the tolerant groups (TG100 or TG75), and eight analytes had the greatest values in the non-selected groups (TG0 or TG50). Antibody titer had the greatest correlation coefficients with GLO (0.62), TP (0.53), and creatinine (0.36). It was concluded that selection for tolerance decreased the concentrations of most serum analytes, and TP and GLO were the most accurate biomarkers of tolerance to AMDV infection. Males had significantly greater values than females for phosphorus and total bilirubin concentrations, but females had significantly greater amylase, cholesterol, and BUN concentrations than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Hossain Farid
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
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11
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Alpha-Amylase Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Glucose Uptake in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Lines. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4271358. [PMID: 35924266 PMCID: PMC9343180 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4271358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present article describes a study of the effects of alpha-amylase (α-amylase) on the human neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines SH-SY5Y, IMR-32, and LA-N-1. NB is the most common malignancy diagnosed in infants younger than 12 months. Some clinical observations revealed an inverse association between the risk of NB development and breastfeeding. α-Amylase which is present in breast milk was shown to have anticancer properties already in the beginning of the 20th century. Data presented here show that pancreatic α-amylase inhibits cell proliferation and has a direct impact on glucose uptake in the human NB cell lines. Our results point out the importance of further research which could elucidate the α-amylase mode of action and justify the presence of this enzyme in breast milk as a possible inhibitor of NB development. α-Amylase can be thus recognized as a potential safe and natural mild/host anticancer agent minimizing chemotherapy-related toxicity in the treatment of NB.
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12
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Chen WN, San Tang K, Yeong KY. Potential Roles of α-amylase in Alzheimer's Disease: Biomarker and Drug Target. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1554-1563. [PMID: 34951390 PMCID: PMC9881084 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666211223124715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is pathologically characterized by the deposition of amyloid-β plaques and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. In a neurodegenerative brain, glucose metabolism is also impaired and considered as one of the key features in AD patients. The impairment causes a reduction in glucose transporters and the uptake of glucose as well as alterations in the specific activity of glycolytic enzymes. Recently, it has been reported that α-amylase, a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme, is present in the human brain. The enzyme is known to be associated with various diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperamylasaemia. With this information at hand, we hypothesize that α-amylase could have a vital role in the demented brains of AD patients. This review aims to shed insight into the possible link between the expression levels of α-amylase and AD. Lastly, we also cover the diverse role of amylase inhibitors and how they could serve as a therapeutic agent to manage or stop AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Win Ning Chen
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim San Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Keng Yoon Yeong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia;,Address correspondence to this author at the School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia;, Tel: +603 5514 6102; E-mail:
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13
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Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, and Antihyperglycemic Capacity of Ferulated Arabinoxylan Extracted from “Chicha de Jora” Bagasse: An Ancestral Fermented Beverage from Zea mays L. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/4015886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bagasse is a byproduct generated during the process of making the traditional Andean drink named “chicha de jora” in Peru, which is a potential source for the extraction of ferulated arabinoxylan (FAX). The aim of this study was to extract and characterize the FAX from bagasse and determine its antioxidant and antihyperglycemic capacity in vitro. As a result, FAX of molecular weight ≥3.5 kDa presented moisture content, pH, total ash, proteins, and total phenolic content with values of 8.00%, 5.81, 2.68%, 3.78%, and 5.72 mg EAG/g, respectively. Thin-layer chromatography identified the monosaccharides L-arabinose and D-xylose. HPLC-MS/MS analysis of FAX confirmed the presence of methyl-pentofuranosides or methyl-pentopyranosides. The FT-IR spectrum presented characteristic bands of FAX. The FAX showed antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH assay (IC50 = 6.59 mg/mL and TEAC = 7.7844 μmol/g sample), ABTS (IC50 = 6.50 mg/mL and TEAC 35.34 μmol/g sample), and FRAP (14.08 μmol AA/g and 36.63 μmol FeSO4/g). On the other hand, FAX showed glucose adsorption capacity, inhibition of glucose diffusion, and inhibition of the enzyme α-amylase (IC50 = 4.73 mg/mL). The results showed that the FAX extracted from the bagasse generated during the production of the “chicha de jora” has in vitro antioxidant and antihyperglycemic capacity.
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14
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Endophytic fungi: a potential source of industrial enzyme producers. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:86. [PMID: 35273898 PMCID: PMC8894535 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial enzymes have gained interest for their widespread use in various industries and medicine due to their stability, ease of production, and optimization. Endophytic fungi in plant tissues produce a wide range of secondary metabolites and enzymes, which exhibit a variety of biological activities. The present review illustrates promising applications of enzymes produced by endophytic fungi and discusses the characteristic features of the enzymes, application of the endophytic fungal enzymes in therapeutics, agriculture, food, and biofuel industries. Endophytic fungi producing ligninolytic enzymes have possible biotechnological applications in lignocellulosic biorefineries. The global market of industrially important enzymes, challenges, and future prospects are illustrated. However, the commercialization of endophytic fungal enzymes for industrial purposes is yet to be explored. The present review suggests that endophytic fungi can produce various enzymes and may become a novel source for upscaling the production of enzymes of industrial use.
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15
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Solangi M, Kanwal, Khan KM, Chigurupati S, Saleem F, Qureshi U, Ul-Haq Z, Jabeen A, Felemban SG, Zafar F, Perveen S, Taha M, Bhatia S. Isatin thiazoles as antidiabetic: Synthesis, in vitro enzyme inhibitory activities, kinetics, and in silico studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2100481. [PMID: 35355329 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases nowadays. Several marketed drugs are available for the cure and treatment of diabetes, but there is still a dire need of introducing compatible drug molecules with lesser side effects. The current study is based on the synthesis of isatin thiazole derivatives 4-30 via the Hantzsch reaction. The synthetic compounds were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition potential. Of 27 isatin thiazoles, five (4, 5, 10, 12, and 16) displayed good activities against the α-amylase enzyme with IC50 values in the range of 22.22 ± 0.02-27.01 ± 0.06 µM, and for α-glucosidase, the IC50 values of these compounds were in the range of 20.76 ± 0.17-27.76 ± 0.17 µM, respectively. The binding interactions of the active molecules within the active site of enzymes were studied with the help of molecular docking studies. In addition, kinetic studies were carried out to examine the mechanism of action of the synthetic molecules as well. Compounds 3a, 4, 5, 10, 12, and 16 were also examined for their cytotoxic effect and were found to be noncytotoxic. Thus, several molecules were identified as good antihyperglycemic agents, which can be further modified to enhance inhibition ability and to find the lead molecule that can act as a potential antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Solangi
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengannu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Khalid M Khan
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiza Saleem
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Urooj Qureshi
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Almas Jabeen
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shatha G Felemban
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Zafar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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16
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Li G, Liu T, Jin G, Li T, Liang J, Chen Q, Chen L, Wang W, Wang Y, Song J, Liang H, Zhang C, Zhu P, Zhang W, Ding Z, Chen X, Zhang B. Serum amylase elevation is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23442-23458. [PMID: 34714255 PMCID: PMC8580346 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperamylasemia was found in a group of patients with COVID-19 during hospitalization. However, the evolution and the clinical significance of hyperamylasemia in COVID-19, is not well characterized. DESIGN In this retrospective cohort study, the epidemiological, demographic, laboratory, treatment and outcome information of 1,515 COVID-19 patients with available longitudinal amylase records collected from electronic medical system were analyzed to assess the prevalence and clinical significance of hyperamylasemia in this infection. Associated variables with hyperamylasemia in COVID-19 were also analyzed. RESULTS Of 1,515 patients, 196 (12.9%) developed hyperamylasemia, among whom 19 (1.3%) greater than 3 times upper limit of normal (ULN) and no clinical acute pancreatitis was seen. Multivariable ordered logistic regression implied older age, male, chronic kidney disease, several medications (immunoglobin, systemic corticosteroids, and antifungals), increased creatinine might be associated with hyperamylasemia during hospitalization. Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated hyperamylasemia had a J-shaped association with all-cause mortality and the estimated hazard ratio per standard deviation was 2.85 (2.03-4.00) above ULN. Based on the multivariable mixed-effect cox or logistic regression model taking hospital sites as random effects, elevated serum amylase during hospitalization was identified as an independent risk factor associated with in-hospital death and intensive complications, including sepsis, cardiac injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and acute kidney injury. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum amylase was independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Since early intervention might change the outcome, serum amylase should be monitored dynamically during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganxun Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Guannan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Tianhong Li
- Nursing Department, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Junnan Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Song
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chuanhan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wanguang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zeyang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
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17
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Ban X, Guo Y, Kaustubh B, Li C, Gu Z, Hu K, Li Z. The Global Amylase Research Trend in Food Science Technology: A Data-Driven Analysis. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1961267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Ban
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bhalerao Kaustubh
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Caiming Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengbiao Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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18
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Miłek J. Determination of Activation Energies and the Optimum Temperatures of Hydrolysis of Starch by α-Amylase from Porcine Pancreas. Molecules 2021; 26:4117. [PMID: 34299392 PMCID: PMC8306296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper reports the determination of the activation energies and the optimum temperatures of starch hydrolysis by porcine pancreas α-amylase. The parameters were estimated based on the literature data on the activity curves versus temperature for starch hydrolysis by α-amylase from porcine pancreas. It was assumed that both the hydrolysis reaction process and the deactivation process of α-amylase were first-order reactions by the enzyme concentration. A mathematical model describing the effect of temperature on porcine pancreas α-amylase activity was used. The determine deactivation energies Ea were from 19.82 ± 7.22 kJ/mol to 128.80 ± 9.27 kJ/mol, the obtained optimum temperatures Topt were in the range from 311.06 ± 1.10 K to 326.52 ± 1.75 K. In turn, the values of deactivation energies Ed has been noted in the range from 123.57 ± 14.17 kJ/mol to 209.37 ± 5.17 kJ/mol. The present study is related to the starch hydrolysis by α-amylase. In the industry, the obtained results the values Ea, Ed, Topt can be used to design and optimize starch hydrolysis by α-amylase porcine pancreas. The obtained results might also find application in research on the pharmaceutical preparations used to treat pancreatic insufficiency or prognosis of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Miłek
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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19
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20
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Mekhemar M, Geib M, Kumar M, Radha, Hassan Y, Dörfer C. Salvadora persica: Nature's Gift for Periodontal Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:712. [PMID: 33946353 PMCID: PMC8146554 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvadora persica (SP) extract, displays very valuable biotherapeutic capacities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory effects. Numerous investigations have studied the pharmacologic actions of SP in oral disease therapies but its promising outcomes in periodontal health and treatment are not yet entirely described. The current study has been planned to analyze the reported effects of SP as a support to periodontal therapy to indorse regeneration and healing. In consort with clinical trials, in vitro investigations show the advantageous outcomes of SP adjunctive to periodontal treatment. Yet, comprehensive supplementary preclinical and clinical investigations at molecular and cellular levels are indispensable to reveal the exact therapeutic mechanisms of SP and its elements for periodontal health and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mekhemar
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Y.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Mathias Geib
- Dr. Geib Private Dental Clinic, Frankfurter Landstraße 79, 61352 Bad Homburg, Germany;
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India;
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Yasmine Hassan
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Y.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Christof Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Y.H.); (C.D.)
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21
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Nesr G, Claudiani S, Khorashad J, Apperley J, Milojkovic D. The influence of salivary amylase on total amylase elevation in CML patients treated with TKI therapy: a case series of 3 patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:3333-3334. [PMID: 31232126 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1627536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Nesr
- Department of Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Claudiani
- Department of Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jamshid Khorashad
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Apperley
- Department of Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dragana Milojkovic
- Department of Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Asadi M, Taheri-Anganeh M, Jamali Z, Khatami SH, Irajie C, Savardashtaki A, Ghasemi Y. In silico analysis of signal peptides for secretory production of a-amylase in Bacillus subtilis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.35118/apjmbb.2019.027.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
α-Amylases are important commercial enzymes and have a broad application in industrial processes and medicine. Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis are possible host organisms for α-amylases secretory production. Secretion of α-amylases to the culture medium versus intracellular production has several advantages such as prevention of inclusion bodies accumulation, higher product stability and solubility. Signal peptides are considered as one of the most essential elements for successful secretory synthesis of the recombinant proteins. Therefore, by the selection of an efficient signal peptide, secretion of the recombinant protein can be enhanced. The goal of this investigation was the in silico evaluation of several peptides to find the most suitable leader peptides for secretory production of α-amylase in B. subtilis. In present work, 30 signal peptides were selected, and numerous online servers such as SignalP, ProtParam, SOLpro, PRED-TAT and ProtComp was used for investigation of suitable signal peptides. According to in silico predictions all other signal peptides connected to α-amylase were stable and soluble except PPBD_BACSU. PPBD_BACSU because of having D-score below cut-off could not be recognized as a suitable signal peptide for α-amylase. Computational analysis identified QOX2_BACSU may direct protein into transmembrane location and was ignored. All 28 remained were predicted as secretory signal peptides which can excrete protein out of the bacteria. The signal peptides recommended by the present study are valuable for rational designing of secretory soluble α-amylase. Although, such information can be useful for future experimental production of these mentioned secretory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Asadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morgaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Jamali
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Cambyz Irajie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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23
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Role of bioactive lipofishins in prevention of inflammation and colon cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 56:175-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Garcia PT, Dias AA, Souza JAC, Coltro WKT. Batch injection analysis towards auxiliary diagnosis of periodontal diseases based on indirect amperometric detection of salivary α-amylase on a cupric oxide electrode. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1041:50-57. [PMID: 30340690 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study describes, for the first time, the use of a batch injection analysis system with amperometric detection (BIA-AD) to indirectly determine salivary α-amylase (sAA) levels in saliva samples for chronic periodontitis diagnosis. A chemical/thermal treatment was explored to generate a CuO film on a Cu electrode surface. This procedure offered good stability (RSD = 0.3%), good repeatability (RSD < 1.3%) and excellent reproducibility (RSD < 1.5%). The sAA concentration levels were determined based on the detection of maltose produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of starch. The analytical performance was investigated, and a linear correlation was observed for a maltose concentration range between 0.5 and 6.0 mmol L-1 with a correlation coefficient equal to 0.999. The analytical sensitivity and the limit of detection were 48.8 μA/(mmol L-1) and 0.05 mmol L-1, respectively. In addition, the proposed system provided an excellent analytical frequency (120 analysis h-1). The clinical feasibility of the proposed method was investigated by the determination of sAA levels in four saliva samples (two from healthy control persons (C1 and C2) and two from patients with chronic periodontitis (P1 and P2)). The accuracy provided by the BIA-AD system ranged from 93 to 98%. The sAA concentration levels achieved for each sample were compared to the values found by spectrophotometry and there was no statistically significant difference between them at a confidence level of 95%. Finally, the method reported herein emerges as a simple, low cost and promising tool for assisting periodontal diseases diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo T Garcia
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Anderson A Dias
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - João A C Souza
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74605-220, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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25
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Revealing the Amylase Interactome in Whole Saliva Using Proteomic Approaches. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6346954. [PMID: 29662892 PMCID: PMC5831883 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6346954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Understanding proteins present in saliva and their function when isolated is not enough to describe their real role in the mouth. Due to protein-protein interactions, structural changes may occur in macromolecules leading to functional modulation or modification. Besides amylase's function in carbohydrate breakdown, amylase can delay proteolytic degradation of protein partners (e.g., histatin 1) when complexed. Due to its biochemical characteristics and high abundance in saliva, amylase probably interacts with several proteins acting as a biological carrier. This study focused on identifying interactions between amylase and other proteins found in whole saliva (WS) using proteomic approaches. Affinity chromatography was used, followed by gel electrophoresis methods, sodium dodecyl sulfate and native, tryptic in-solution and in-gel digestion, and mass spectrometry. We identified 66 proteins that interact with amylase in WS. Characterization of the identified proteins suggests that acidic (pI < 6.8) and low molecular weight (MW < 56 kDa) proteins have preference during amylase complex formation. Most of the identified proteins present biological functions related to host protection. A new protein-amylase network was constructed using the STRING database. Further studies are necessary to investigate individualities of the identified amylase interactors. These observations open avenues for more comprehensive studies on not yet fully characterized biological function of amylase.
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