1
|
Chen L, Mao LS, Xue JY, Jian YH, Deng ZW, Mazhar M, Zou Y, Liu P, Chen MT, Luo G, Liu MN. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: The balance mechanism between mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome. Life Sci 2024; 355:122998. [PMID: 39173998 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is an injury to cardiomyocytes due to restoration of blood flow after myocardial infarction (MI). It has recently gained much attention in clinical research with special emphasis on the roles of mitochondrial autophagy and inflammation. A mild inflammatory response promotes recovery of post-ischemic cardiomyocyte function and vascular regeneration, but a severe inflammatory response can cause irreversible and substantial cellular damage. Similarly, moderate mitochondrial autophagy can help inhibit excessive inflammation and protect cardiomyocytes. However, MIRI is aggravated when mitochondrial function is disrupted, such as inadequate clearance of damaged mitochondria or excessive activation of mitophagy. How to moderately control mitochondrial autophagy while promoting its balance with nucleotide-binding oligomerization structural domain receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation is critical. In this paper, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome, described the interaction between NLRP3 inflammasome and mitochondrial autophagy, and the effects of different signaling pathways and molecular proteins on MIRI, to provide a reference for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Lin-Shen Mao
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Jin-Yi Xue
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Yu-Hong Jian
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Zi-Wen Deng
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Maryam Mazhar
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Yuan Zou
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China
| | - Ming-Tai Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, PR China.
| | - Gang Luo
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China.
| | - Meng-Nan Liu
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Camilli M, Viscovo M, Maggio L, Bonanni A, Torre I, Pellegrino C, Lamendola P, Tinti L, Teofili L, Hohaus S, Lanza GA, Ferdinandy P, Varga Z, Crea F, Lombardo A, Minotti G. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and the cancer patient: from diabetes to cardioprotection and beyond. Basic Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00395-024-01059-9. [PMID: 38935171 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a new drug class initially designed and approved for treatment of diabetes mellitus, have been shown to exert pleiotropic metabolic and direct cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects that extend beyond their glucose-lowering action. These properties prompted their use in two frequently intertwined conditions, heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Their unique mechanism of action makes SGLT2i an attractive option also to lower the rate of cardiac events and improve overall survival of oncological patients with preexisting cardiovascular risk and/or candidate to receive cardiotoxic therapies. This review will cover biological foundations and clinical evidence for SGLT2i modulating myocardial function and metabolism, with a focus on their possible use as cardioprotective agents in the cardio-oncology settings. Furthermore, we will explore recently emerged SGLT2i effects on hematopoiesis and immune system, carrying the potential of attenuating tumor growth and chemotherapy-induced cytopenias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Camilli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marcello Viscovo
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Maggio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Bonanni
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Torre
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pellegrino
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Priscilla Lamendola
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tinti
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Teofili
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefan Hohaus
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Antonio Lanza
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Center of Excellence of Cardiovascular Sciences, Ospedale Isola Tiberina - Gemelli Isola, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Lombardo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Ren T, Li C, Wu Q, Liu J, Guan X, Chang X, Liu Z, Liu R. Mechanisms involved in the regulation of mitochondrial quality control by PGAM5 in heart failure. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:510-518. [PMID: 38821173 PMCID: PMC11214171 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) refers to a group of clinical syndromes in which various heart diseases lead to the inability of cardiac output to meet the metabolic needs of the body's tissues. Cardiac metabolism requires enormous amounts of energy; thus, impaired myocardial energy metabolism is considered a key factor in the occurrence and development of HF. Mitochondria serve as the primary energy source for cardiomyocytes, and their regular functionality underpins healthy cardiac function. The mitochondrial quality control system is a crucial mechanism for regulating the functionality of cardiomyocytes, and any abnormality in this system can potentially impact the morphology and structure of mitochondria, as well as the energy metabolism of cardiomyocytes. Phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5), a multifunctional protein, plays a key role in the regulation of mitochondrial quality control through multiple pathways. Therefore, abnormal PGAM5 function is closely related to mitochondrial damage. This article reviews the mechanism of PGAM5's involvement in the regulation of the mitochondrial quality control system in the occurrence and development of HF, thereby providing a theoretical basis for future in-depth research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Ren
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cuizhi Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaomin Wu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanke Guan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ruxiu Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Froese N, Szaroszyk M, Galuppo P, Visker JR, Werlein C, Korf‐Klingebiel M, Berliner D, Reboll MR, Hamouche R, Gegel S, Wang Y, Hofmann W, Tang M, Geffers R, Wende AR, Kühnel MP, Jonigk DD, Hansmann G, Wollert KC, Abel ED, Drakos SG, Bauersachs J, Riehle C. Hypoxia Attenuates Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033553. [PMID: 38293923 PMCID: PMC11056135 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar hypoxia is protective in the context of cardiovascular and ischemic heart disease; however, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. The present study sought to test the hypothesis that hypoxia is cardioprotective in left ventricular pressure overload (LVPO)-induced heart failure. We furthermore aimed to test that overlapping mechanisms promote cardiac recovery in heart failure patients following left ventricular assist device-mediated mechanical unloading and circulatory support. METHODS AND RESULTS We established a novel murine model of combined chronic alveolar hypoxia and LVPO following transverse aortic constriction (HxTAC). The HxTAC model is resistant to cardiac hypertrophy and the development of heart failure. The cardioprotective mechanisms identified in our HxTAC model include increased activation of HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-1α-mediated angiogenesis, attenuated induction of genes associated with pathological remodeling, and preserved metabolic gene expression as identified by RNA sequencing. Furthermore, LVPO decreased Tbx5 and increased Hsd11b1 mRNA expression under normoxic conditions, which was attenuated under hypoxic conditions and may induce additional hypoxia-mediated cardioprotective effects. Analysis of samples from patients with advanced heart failure that demonstrated left ventricular assist device-mediated myocardial recovery revealed a similar expression pattern for TBX5 and HSD11B1 as observed in HxTAC hearts. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia attenuates LVPO-induced heart failure. Cardioprotective pathways identified in the HxTAC model might also contribute to cardiac recovery following left ventricular assist device support. These data highlight the potential of our novel HxTAC model to identify hypoxia-mediated cardioprotective mechanisms and therapeutic targets that attenuate LVPO-induced heart failure and mediate cardiac recovery following mechanical circulatory support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natali Froese
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | | | - Paolo Galuppo
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Joseph R. Visker
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI) and Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUTUSA
| | | | | | - Dominik Berliner
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Marc R. Reboll
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Rana Hamouche
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI) and Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUTUSA
| | - Simona Gegel
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Winfried Hofmann
- Department of Human GeneticsHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Human GeneticsHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- L3S Research CenterLeibniz UniversityHannoverGermany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Helmholtz Center for Infection ResearchResearch Group Genome AnalyticsBraunschweigGermany
| | - Adam R. Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA
| | - Mark P. Kühnel
- Institute of PathologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Biomedical Research in End‐stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH)German Lung Research Center (DZL)HannoverGermany
| | - Danny D. Jonigk
- Institute of PathologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Biomedical Research in End‐stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH)German Lung Research Center (DZL)HannoverGermany
| | - Georg Hansmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Critical CareHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity Medical Center Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Kai C. Wollert
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - E. Dale Abel
- Department of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine and UCLA HealthLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Stavros G. Drakos
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI) and Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUTUSA
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Christian Riehle
- Department of Cardiology and AngiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Widjaja S, Antarianto RD, Hardiany NS. Effects of Dietary Restriction on PGC-1α Regulation in the Development of Age-associated Diseases. Curr Aging Sci 2024; 17:189-195. [PMID: 38616758 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098301226240402051508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is the most significant risk factor for a number of non-communicable diseases, manifesting as cognitive, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases. Although multifactorial, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have been proposed to be the driving forces of ageing. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator central to various metabolic functions, of which mitochondrial biogenesis is the most prominent function. Inducible by various stimuli, including nutrient limitations, PGC-1α is a molecule of interest in the maintenance of mitochondrial function and, therefore, the prevention of degenerative diseases. This review involves a literature search for articles retrieved from PubMed using PGC-1α, ageing, and dietary restriction as keywords. Dietary restriction has been shown to promote tissue-specific PGC-1α expression. Both dietary restriction and PGC-1α upregulation have been shown to prolong the lifespans of both lower and higher-level organisms; the incidence of non-communicable diseases also decreased in fasting mammals. In conclusion, dietary interventions may delay ageing by regulating healthy mitochondria in various organs, presenting the possibility of a new primary prevention for many age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shefilyn Widjaja
- Undergraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Novi Silvia Hardiany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vaziri Z, Saleki K, Aram C, Alijanizadeh P, Pourahmad R, Azadmehr A, Ziaei N. Empagliflozin treatment of cardiotoxicity: A comprehensive review of clinical, immunobiological, neuroimmune, and therapeutic implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115686. [PMID: 37839109 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and cardiovascular disorders are known as the two main leading causes of mortality worldwide. Cardiotoxicity is a critical and common adverse effect of cancer-related chemotherapy. Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity has been associated with various cancer treatments, such as anthracyclines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and kinase inhibitors. Different methods have been reported for the management of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. In this regard, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a class of antidiabetic agents, have recently been applied to manage heart failure patients. Further, SGLT2i drugs such as EMPA exert protective cardiac and systemic effects. Moreover, it can reduce inflammation through the mediation of major inflammatory components, such as Nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes, Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways, Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), and overall decreasing transcription of proinflammatory cytokines. The clinical outcome of EMPA administration is related to improving cardiovascular risk factors, including body weight, lipid profile, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness. Intriguingly, SGLT2 suppressors can regulate microglia-driven hyperinflammation affecting neurological and cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we discuss the protective effects of EMPA in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity from molecular, immunological, and neuroimmunological aspects to preclinical and clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Vaziri
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; USERN Office, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Kiarash Saleki
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; USERN Office, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of e-Learning, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Cena Aram
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parsa Alijanizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; USERN Office, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ramtin Pourahmad
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Azadmehr
- Immunology Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Ziaei
- Clinical Research Development unit of Rouhani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Cardiology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang ZQ, Han YY, Gao F, Tian JY, Bai R, Guo QH, Liu XC. Shengxian decoction protects against chronic heart failure in a rat model via energy regulation mechanisms. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:200. [PMID: 37330478 PMCID: PMC10276516 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure (CHF) is actually a disease caused by an imbalanced energy metabolism between myocardial energy demand and supply, ultimately resulting in abnormal myocardial cell structure and function. Energy metabolism imbalance plays an important role in the pathological process of chronic heart failure (CHF). Improving myocardial energy metabolism is a new strategy for the treatment of CHF. Shengxian decoction (SXT), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has good therapeutic effects on the cardiovascular system. However, the effects of SXT on the energy metabolism of CHF is unclear. In this study, we probed the regulating effects of SXT on energy metabolism in CHF rats using various research methods. METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was used to perform quality control of SXT preparations. Then, SD rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups: sham, model, positive control (trimetazidine) and high-, middle-, and low-dose SXT groups. Specific reagent kits were used to detect the expression levels of ALT and AST in rats' serum. Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function. H&E, Masson and TUNEL staining were performed to examine myocardial structure and myocardial apoptosis. Colorimetry was used to determine myocardial ATP levels in experimental rats. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of myocardial mitochondria. ELISA was used to estimate CK, cTnI, and NT-proBNP levels, and LA、FFA、MDA、SOD levels. Finally, Western blotting was used to examine the protein expression of CPT-1, GLUT4, AMPK, p-AMPK, PGC-1α, NRF1, mtTFA and ATP5D in the myocardium. RESULTS HPLC showed that our SXT preparation method was feasible. The results of ALT and AST tests indicate that SXT has no side effect on the liver function of rats. Treatment with SXT improved cardiac function and ventricular remodelling and inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress levels induced by CHF. Moreover, CHF caused decrease ATP synthesis, which was accompanied by a reduction in ATP 5D protein levels, damage to mitochondrial structure, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, and changes in the expression of PGC-1α related signal pathway proteins, all of which were significantly alleviated by treatment with SXT. CONCLUSION SXT reverses CHF-induced cardiac dysfunction and maintains the integrity of myocardial structure by regulating energy metabolism. The beneficial effect of SXT on energy metabolism may be related to regulating the expression of the PGC-1α signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Qi Yang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Yang-Yang Han
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Fan Gao
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Jia-Ye Tian
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Ran Bai
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Qiu-Hong Guo
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| | - Xing-Chao Liu
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xinshi South Road No 326, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050091 Hebei China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barbero NM, Oller J, Sanz AB, Ramos AM, Ortiz A, Ruiz-Ortega M, Rayego-Mateos S. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Cardio-Renal Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098209. [PMID: 37175915 PMCID: PMC10179675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently complicates chronic kidney disease (CKD). The risk of all-cause mortality increases from 20% to 500% in patients who suffer both conditions; this is referred to as the so-called cardio-renal syndrome (CRS). Preclinical studies have described the key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular and renal diseases, suggesting that maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is a promising therapeutic strategy for CRS. In this review, we explore the malfunction of mitochondrial homeostasis (mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, oxidative stress, and mitophagy) and how it contributes to the development and progression of the main vascular pathologies that could be affected by kidney injury and vice versa, and how this knowledge may guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies in CRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Mendez Barbero
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Oller
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian M Ramos
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu Q, Zhao YM, He NQ, Gao R, Xu WX, Zhuo XJ, Ren Z, Wu CY, Liu LS. PCSK9: A emerging participant in heart failure. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114106. [PMID: 36535197 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by various cardiovascular diseases. Its main pathogenesis includes cardiomyocyte loss, myocardial energy metabolism disorder, and activation of cardiac inflammation. Due to the clinically unsatisfactory treatment of heart failure, different mechanisms need to be explored to provide new targets for the treatment of this disease. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a gene mainly related to familial hypercholesterolemia, was discovered in 2003. Aside from regulating lipid metabolism, PCSK9 may be involved in other biological processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, inflammation, and tumor immunity and related to diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, clinical data have shown that the circulating PCSK9 level is significantly increased in patients with heart failure, and it is related to the prognosis for heart failure. Furthermore, in animal models and patients with myocardial infarction, PCSK9 in the infarct margin area was also found to be significantly increased, which further suggested that PCSK9 might be closely related to heart failure. However, the specific mechanism of how PCSK9 participates in heart failure remains to be further explored. The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential mechanism of PCSK9's involvement in heart failure, thereby providing a new treatment strategy for heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Yi-Meng Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Nai-Qi He
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Rong Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Wen-Xin Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Xiu-Juan Zhuo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Zhong Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan Wu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China.
| | - Lu-Shan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang J, Ni L, Zhang X, Gokulnath P, Vulugundam G, Li G, Wang H, Xiao J. Moderate-Intensity Exercise Maintains Redox Homeostasis for Cardiovascular Health. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200204. [PMID: 36683183 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that exercise is beneficial for cardiovascular health. Oxidative stress is the common pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases. The overproduction of free radicals, both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, can lead to redox imbalance and exacerbate oxidative damage to the cardiovascular system. Maintaining redox homeostasis and enhancing anti-oxidative capacity are critical mechanisms by which exercise protects against cardiovascular diseases. Moderate-intensity exercise is an effective means to maintain cardiovascular redox homeostasis. Moderate-intensity exercise reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by improving mitochondrial function and anti-oxidative capacity. It also attenuates adverse cardiac remodeling and enhances cardiac function. This paper reviews the primary mechanisms of moderate-intensity exercise-mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system. Exploring the role of exercise-mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Jiang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lingyan Ni
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Priyanka Gokulnath
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | | | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang T, Yuan C, Liu J, Deng L, Li W, He J, Liu H, Qu L, Wu J, Zou W. Targeting Energy Protection as a Novel Strategy to Disclose Di'ao Xinxuekang against the Cardiotoxicity Caused by Doxorubicin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020897. [PMID: 36674413 PMCID: PMC9867483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) can induce myocardial energy metabolism disorder and further worsen heart failure. "Energy protection" is proposed as a new cardiac protection strategy. Previous studies have found that Di'ao Xinxuekang (DXXK) can improve doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis. However, there are very few studies associating DXXK and energy protection. This study aims to explore the "energy protection" effect of DXXK on cardiotoxicity induced by DOX. A DOX-induced cardiotoxicity model established in rats and H9c2 cells are used to analyze the therapeutic effects of DXXK on serum indexes, cardiac function indexes and cardiac histopathology. The metabonomic methods were used to explore the potential mechanism of DXXK in treating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. In addition, we also observed the mitochondrial- and autophagy-related indicators of myocardial cells and the mRNA expression level of the core target regulating energy-metabolism-related pathways. Our results indicated that DXXK can improve cardiac function, reduce myocardial enzymes and alleviate the histological damage of heart tissue caused by DOX. In addition, DXXK can improve mitochondrial damage induced by DOX and inhibit excessive autophagy. Metabonomics analysis showed that DOX can significantly affects the pathways related to energy metabolism of myocardial cells, which are involved in the therapeutic mechanism of DXXK. In conclusion, DXXK can treat DOX-induced cardiotoxicity through the AMPK-mediated energy protection pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chuqiao Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liangyan Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Junling He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liping Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenjun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (W.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aggarwal R, Potel KN, McFalls EO, Butterick TA, Kelly RF. Novel Therapeutic Approaches Enhance PGC1-alpha to Reduce Oxidant Stress-Inflammatory Signaling and Improve Functional Recovery in Hibernating Myocardium. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2155. [PMID: 36358527 PMCID: PMC9686496 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease affects millions of people around the world. Current treatment options, including coronary artery bypass grafting, do not result in full functional recovery, highlighting the need for novel adjunctive therapeutic approaches. Hibernation describes the myocardial response to prolonged ischemia and involves a set of complex cytoprotective metabolic and functional adaptations. PGC1-alpha, a key regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism and inhibitor of oxidant-stress-inflammatory signaling, is known to be downregulated in hibernating myocardium. PGC1-alpha is a critical component of cellular stress responses and links cellular metabolism with inflammation in the ischemic heart. While beneficial in the acute setting, a chronic state of hibernation can be associated with self-perpetuating oxidant stress-inflammatory signaling which leads to tissue injury. It is likely that incomplete functional recovery following revascularization of chronically ischemic myocardium is due to persistence of metabolic changes as well as prooxidant and proinflammatory signaling. Enhancement of PGC1-alpha signaling has been proposed as a possible way to improve functional recovery in patients with ischemic heart disease. Adjunctive mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been shown to induce PGC1-alpha signaling in hibernating myocardium and could help improve clinical outcomes for patients undergoing bypass surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishav Aggarwal
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Koray N. Potel
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Edward O. McFalls
- Division of Cardiology, Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249-4915, USA
| | - Tammy A. Butterick
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Research, Center for Veterans Research and Education, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
| | - Rosemary F. Kelly
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shi M, Dong Z, Zhao K, He X, Sun Y, Ren J, Ge W. Novel insights into exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial injury: Focusing on mitochondrial quality control. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1015639. [PMID: 36312267 PMCID: PMC9613966 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1015639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular moderate-intensity exercise elicits benefit cardiovascular health outcomes. However, exhaustive exercise (EE) triggers arrhythmia, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, a better understanding of unfavorable heart sequelae of EE is important. Various mechanisms have been postulated for EE-induced cardiac injury, among which mitochondrial dysfunction is considered the cardinal machinery for pathogenesis of various diseases. Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is critical for clearance of long-lived or damaged mitochondria, regulation of energy metabolism and cell apoptosis, maintenance of cardiac homeostasis and alleviation of EE-induced injury. In this review, we will focus on MQC mechanisms and propose mitochondrial pathophysiological targets for the management of EE-induced myocardial injury. A thorough understanding of how MQC system functions in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis will provide a feasible rationale for developing potential therapeutic interventions for EE-induced injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Shi
- Department of General Practice, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao Dong
- Department of General Practice, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of General Practice, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaole He
- Department of General Practice, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of General Practice, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Jun Ren
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of General Practice, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China,*Correspondence: Wei Ge
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hu Y, Lu H, Li H, Ge J. Molecular basis and clinical implications of HIFs in cardiovascular diseases. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:916-938. [PMID: 36208988 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen maintains the homeostasis of an organism in a delicate balance in different tissues and organs. Under hypoxic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are specific and dominant factors in the spatiotemporal regulation of oxygen homeostasis. As the most basic functional unit of the heart at the cellular level, the cardiomyocyte relies on oxygen and nutrients delivered by the microvasculature to keep the heart functioning properly. Under hypoxic stress, HIFs are involved in acute and chronic myocardial pathology because of their spatiotemporal specificity, thus granting them therapeutic potential. Most adult animals lack the ability to regenerate their myocardium entirely following injury, and complete regeneration has long been a goal of clinical treatment for heart failure. The precise manipulation of HIFs (considering their dynamic balance and transformation) and the development of HIF-targeted drugs is therefore an extremely attractive cardioprotective therapy for protecting against myocardial ischemic and hypoxic injury, avoiding myocardial remodeling and heart failure, and promoting recovery of cardiac function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chang X, Toan S, Li R, Zhou H. Therapeutic strategies in ischemic cardiomyopathy: Focus on mitochondrial quality surveillance. EBioMedicine 2022; 84:104260. [PMID: 36122552 PMCID: PMC9490489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts to prevent and treat ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), effective therapies remain lacking, in part owing to the complexity of the underlying molecular mechanisms, which are not completely understood yet. It is now widely thought that mitochondria serve as “sentinel” organelles that are capable of detecting cellular injury and integrating multiple stress signals. These pathophysiological activities are temporally and spatially governed by the mitochondrial quality surveillance (MQS) system, involving mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and biogenesis. Dysregulation of MQS is an early and critical process contributing to mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction and sublethal injury to cardiomyocytes during ICM. An improved understanding of the pathogenesis of ICM may enable the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies aimed at overcoming the challenge of myocardial ischemia and its cardiovascular sequelae. This review describes recent research on the protective effects of MQS in ICM and highlights promising therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
16
|
Oehler D, Spychala A, Gödecke A, Lang A, Gerdes N, Ruas J, Kelm M, Szendroedi J, Westenfeld R. Full-length transcriptomic analysis in murine and human heart reveals diversity of PGC-1α promoters and isoforms regulated distinctly in myocardial ischemia and obesity. BMC Biol 2022; 20:169. [PMID: 35907957 PMCID: PMC9338484 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) acts as a transcriptional coactivator and regulates mitochondrial function. Various isoforms are generated by alternative splicing and differentially regulated promoters. In the heart, total PGC-1α deficiency knockout leads to dilatative cardiomyopathy, but knowledge on the complexity of cardiac isoform expression of PGC-1α remains sparse. Thus, this study aims to generate a reliable dataset on cardiac isoform expression pattern by long-read mRNA sequencing, followed by investigation of differential regulation of PGC-1α isoforms under metabolic and ischemic stress, using high-fat-high-sucrose-diet-induced obesity and a murine model of myocardial infarction. RESULTS Murine (C57Bl/6J) or human heart tissue (obtained during LVAD-surgery) was used for long-read mRNA sequencing, resulting in full-length transcriptomes including 58,000 mRNA isoforms with 99% sequence accuracy. Automatic bioinformatic analysis as well as manual similarity search against exonic sequences leads to identification of putative coding PGC-1α isoforms, validated by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Thereby, 12 novel transcripts generated by hitherto unknown splicing events were detected. In addition, we postulate a novel promoter with homologous and strongly conserved sequence in human heart. High-fat diet as well as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury transiently reduced cardiac expression of PGC-1α isoforms, with the most pronounced effect in the infarcted area. Recovery of PGC-1α-isoform expression was even more decelerated when I/R was performed in diet-induced obese mice. CONCLUSIONS We deciphered for the first time a complete full-length transcriptome of the murine and human heart, identifying novel putative PGC-1α coding transcripts including a novel promoter. These transcripts are differentially regulated in I/R and obesity suggesting transcriptional regulation and alternative splicing that may modulate PGC-1α function in the injured and metabolically challenged heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oehler
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - André Spychala
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jorge Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Internal Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Westenfeld
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rabinovich-Nikitin I, Blant A, Dhingra R, Kirshenbaum LA, Czubryt MP. NF-κB p65 Attenuates Cardiomyocyte PGC-1α Expression in Hypoxia. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142193. [PMID: 35883637 PMCID: PMC9322255 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia exerts broad effects on cardiomyocyte function and viability, ranging from altered metabolism and mitochondrial physiology to apoptotic or necrotic cell death. The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) is a key regulator of cardiomyocyte metabolism and mitochondrial function and is down-regulated in hypoxia; however, the underlying mechanism is incompletely resolved. Using primary rat cardiomyocytes coupled with electrophoretic mobility shift and luciferase assays, we report that hypoxia impaired mitochondrial energetics and resulted in an increase in nuclear localization of the Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 subunit, and the association of p65 with the PGC-1α proximal promoter. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), an activator of NF-κB signaling, similarly reduced PGC-1α expression and p65 binding to the PGC-1α promoter in a dose-dependent manner, and TNFα-mediated down-regulation of PGC-1α expression could be reversed by the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide. RNA-seq analysis revealed that cardiomyocytes isolated from p65 knockout mice exhibited alterations in genes associated with chromatin remodeling. Decreased PGC-1α promoter transactivation by p65 could be partially reversed by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A. These results implicate NF-κB signaling, and specifically p65, as a potent inhibitor of PGC-1α expression in cardiac myocyte hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inna Rabinovich-Nikitin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (I.R.-N.); (R.D.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Alexandra Blant
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
| | - Rimpy Dhingra
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (I.R.-N.); (R.D.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Lorrie A. Kirshenbaum
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (I.R.-N.); (R.D.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Correspondence: (L.A.K.); (M.P.C.); Tel.: +1-204-235-3661 (L.A.K.); +1-204-235-3719 (M.P.C.)
| | - Michael P. Czubryt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (I.R.-N.); (R.D.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Correspondence: (L.A.K.); (M.P.C.); Tel.: +1-204-235-3661 (L.A.K.); +1-204-235-3719 (M.P.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen L, Qin Y, Liu B, Gao M, Li A, Li X, Gong G. PGC-1 α-Mediated Mitochondrial Quality Control: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications for Heart Failure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:871357. [PMID: 35721484 PMCID: PMC9199988 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.871357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria with structural and functional integrity are essential for maintaining mitochondrial function and cardiac homeostasis. It is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α), acted as a transcriptional cofactor, is abundant in the heart, which modulates mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy to sustain a steady-state of mitochondria. Cumulative evidence suggests that dysregulation of PGC-1α is closely related to the onset and progression of heart failure. PGC-1α deficient-mice can lead to worse cardiac function under pressure overload compared to sham. Here, this review mainly focuses on what is known about its regulation in mitochondrial functions, as well as its crucial role in heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bilin Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Gong
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Molecular mechanisms of coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus: focus on mitochondrial quality surveillance. Angiogenesis 2022; 25:307-329. [PMID: 35303170 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-022-09835-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction is both a culprit and a victim of diabetes, and can accelerate diabetes-related microvascular and macrovascular complications by promoting vasoconstrictive, pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic responses. Perturbed mitochondrial function induces oxidative stress, disrupts metabolism and activates apoptosis in endothelial cells, thus exacerbating the progression of coronary microvascular complications in diabetes. The mitochondrial quality surveillance (MQS) system responds to stress by altering mitochondrial metabolism, dynamics (fission and fusion), mitophagy and biogenesis. Dysfunctional mitochondria are prone to fission, which generates two distinct types of mitochondria: one with a normal and the other with a depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy can restore the membrane potential and homeostasis of defective mitochondrial fragments. Mitophagy-induced decreases in the mitochondrial population can be reversed by mitochondrial biogenesis. MQS abnormalities induce pathological mitochondrial fission, delayed mitophagy, impaired metabolism and defective biogenesis, thus promoting the accumulation of unhealthy mitochondria and the activation of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. In this review, we examine the effects of MQS on mitochondrial fitness and explore the association of MQS disorders with coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. We also discuss the potential to treat diabetes-related coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction using novel MQS-altering drugs.
Collapse
|
20
|
Dard L, Hubert C, Esteves P, Blanchard W, Bou About G, Baldasseroni L, Dumon E, Angelini C, Delourme M, Guyonnet-Duperat V, Claverol S, Bonneu M, Fontenille L, Kissa K, Séguéla PE, Thambo JB, Levy N, Herault Y, Bellance N, Dias Amoedo N, Magdinier F, Sorg T, Lacombe D, Rossignol R. HRAS germline mutations impair LKB1/AMPK signaling and mitochondrial homeostasis in Costello syndrome models. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:131053. [PMID: 35230976 PMCID: PMC9012293 DOI: 10.1172/jci131053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations that activate genes in the canonical RAS/MAPK signaling pathway are responsible for rare human developmental disorders known as RASopathies. Here, we analyzed the molecular determinants of Costello syndrome (CS) using a mouse model expressing HRAS p.G12S, patient skin fibroblasts, hiPSC-derived human cardiomyocytes, a HRAS p.G12V zebrafish model and human fibroblasts expressing lentiviral constructs carrying HRAS p.G12S or HRAS p.G12A mutations. The findings revealed alteration of mitochondrial proteostasis and defective oxidative phosphorylation in the heart and skeletal muscle of Costello mice that were also found in the cell models of the disease. The underpinning mechanisms involved the inhibition of the AMPK signaling pathway by mutant forms of HRAS, leading to alteration of mitochondrial proteostasis and bioenergetics. Pharmacological activation of mitochondrial bioenergetics and quality control restored organelle function in HRAS p.G12A and p.G12S cell models, reduced left ventricle hypertrophy in the CS mice and diminished the occurrence of developmental defects in the CS zebrafish model. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of mitochondrial proteostasis in the pathophysiology of RASopathies and suggest that patients with Costello syndrome may benefit from treatment with mitochondrial modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ghina Bou About
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), Illkirch, France
| | | | - Elodie Dumon
- INSERM U688, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Marc Bonneu
- Plateforme Proteome, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Nicolas Levy
- Marseille Medical Genetics, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Yann Herault
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), Illkirch, France
| | | | | | | | - Tania Sorg
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), Illkirch, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Medical Genetics Department, Bordeaux University Hospital CHU Bordeaux, INSERM U121, Bordeaux, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Taghvaei S, Minuchehr Z, Sabouni F. Computational drug repurposing of bethanidine for SENP1 inhibition in cardiovascular diseases treatment. Life Sci 2021; 292:120122. [PMID: 34748762 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Bethanidine (BW467C60) is a newly presented strong adrenergic neuron blocking factor which has a hypotensive operation in man. SENPs are essential for maintaining a balance between SUMOylation and deSUMOylation which can be disturbed by changing the expression of (sentrin-specific proteases) SENPs. SENP1 is the most studied isoform of SENPs. Hypertrophic stimuli can increase SENP1 expression using calcium/calcineurin-NFAT3 signaling in heart. Moreover, SENP1 expression may positively relate to the expression of mitochondrial genes of the heart, and can cause the heart and mitochondrial dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to inhibit SENP1 using Bethanidine, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of SENP1 with Bethanidine were performed. Molecular docking showed that Bethanidine can inhibit SENP1. KEY FINDINGS MD Simulation showed that Bethanidine constitutes a stable complex with SENP1 as was evident from RMSD, RMSF, H-bond and DSSP plots. Free binding energy and the interaction patterns were obtained from molecular docking, and MD trajectory exhibited Bethanidine can be a potential drug candidate for SENP1 inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE This study supplies enough evidences that Bethanidine is a potential inhibitor of SENP1 and can be applied for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayye Taghvaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zarrin Minuchehr
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Sabouni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Barış VÖ, Dinçsoy AB, Gedikli E, Zırh S, Müftüoğlu S, Erdem A. Empagliflozin Significantly Prevents the Doxorubicin-induced Acute Cardiotoxicity via Non-antioxidant Pathways. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:747-758. [PMID: 34089496 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Empagliflozin (EMPA) is a SGLT-2 inhibitor that has positive effects on cardiovascular outcomes. In this study, we aim to evaluate the possible protective effects of EMPA against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced acute cardiotoxicity. Non-diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups. The control group received serum physiologic (1 ml), the EMPA group received EMPA, the DOX group was administered cumulatively 18 mg/kg body weight DOX. The DOX+EMPA group was administered DOX and EMPA. In the DOX group, LVDED (P < 0.05) and LVSED (P < 0.01), QTc interval (P < 0.001), the ratio of karyolysis and karyorrhexis (P < 0.001) and infiltrative cell proliferation (P < 0.001) were found to be higher than; EF, FS and normal cell morphology were lower than the control group (P < 0.001). In the DOX+EMPA group, LVEDD (P < 0.05) and LVESD (P < 0.01) values, QTc interval (P < 0.001), karyolysis and karyorrhexis ratios (P < 0.001) and infiltrative cell proliferation were lower (P < 0.01); normal cell morphology and EF were higher compared to the DOX group (P < 0.001). Our results showed that empagliflozin significantly ameliorated DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veysel Özgür Barış
- Department of Cardiology, Dr. Ersin Arslan Research and Education Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Adnan Berk Dinçsoy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Gedikli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selim Zırh
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevda Müftüoğlu
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Erdem
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chiang S, Braidy N, Maleki S, Lal S, Richardson DR, Huang MLH. Mechanisms of impaired mitochondrial homeostasis and NAD + metabolism in a model of mitochondrial heart disease exhibiting redox active iron accumulation. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102038. [PMID: 34416478 PMCID: PMC8379503 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high redox activity of the mitochondrion, this organelle can suffer oxidative stress. To manage energy demands while minimizing redox stress, mitochondrial homeostasis is maintained by the dynamic processes of mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial network dynamics (fusion/fission), and mitochondrial clearance by mitophagy. Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is a mitochondrial disease resulting in a fatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to the deficiency of the mitochondrial protein, frataxin. Our previous studies identified defective mitochondrial iron metabolism and oxidative stress potentiating cardiac pathology in FA. However, how these factors alter mitochondrial homeostasis remains uncharacterized in FA cardiomyopathy. This investigation examined the muscle creatine kinase conditional frataxin knockout mouse, which closely mimics FA cardiomyopathy, to dissect the mechanisms of dysfunctional mitochondrial homeostasis. Dysfunction of key mitochondrial homeostatic mechanisms were elucidated in the knockout hearts relative to wild-type littermates, namely: (1) mitochondrial proliferation with condensed cristae; (2) impaired NAD+ metabolism due to perturbations in Sirt1 activity and NAD+ salvage; (3) increased mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion and fission; and (4) mitochondrial accumulation of Pink1/Parkin with increased autophagic/mitophagic flux. Immunohistochemistry of FA patients' heart confirmed significantly enhanced expression of markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion/fission and autophagy. These novel findings demonstrate cardiac frataxin-deficiency results in significant changes to metabolic mechanisms critical for mitochondrial homeostasis. This mechanistic dissection provides critical insight, offering the potential for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in FA and potentially other cardio-degenerative diseases by implementing innovative treatments targeting mitochondrial homeostasis and NAD+ metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Chiang
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sanaz Maleki
- Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Sean Lal
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; Division of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Michael L-H Huang
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Role of Irisin in Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure, and Cardiac Hypertrophy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082103. [PMID: 34440871 PMCID: PMC8392379 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Irisin is a myokine derived from the cleavage of fibronectin type III domain-containing 5. Irisin regulates mitochondrial energy, glucose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and fat browning. Skeletal muscle and cardiomyocytes produce irisin and affect various cardiovascular functions. In the early phase of acute myocardial infarction, an increasing irisin level can reduce endothelial damage by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. By contrast, higher levels of irisin in the later phase of myocardial infarction are associated with more cardiovascular events. During different stages of heart failure, irisin has various influences on mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, metabolic imbalance, energy expenditure, and heart failure prognosis. Irisin affects blood pressure and controls hypertension through modulating vasodilatation. Moreover, irisin can enhance vasoconstriction via the hypothalamus. Because of these dual effects of irisin on cardiovascular physiology, irisin can be a critical therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases. This review focuses on the complex functions of irisin in myocardial ischemia, heart failure, and cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction in Friedreich ataxia: update on pathophysiological relevance and clinical interventions. Neuronal Signal 2021; 5:NS20200093. [PMID: 34046211 PMCID: PMC8132591 DOI: 10.1042/ns20200093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a recessive disorder resulting from relative deficiency of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Frataxin functions in the process of iron–sulfur (Fe–S) cluster synthesis. In this review, we update some of the processes downstream of frataxin deficiency that may mediate the pathophysiology. Based on cellular models, in vivo models and observations of patients, ferroptosis may play a major role in the pathogenesis of FRDA along with depletion of antioxidant reserves and abnormalities of mitochondrial biogenesis. Ongoing clinical trials with ferroptosis inhibitors and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activators are now targeting each of the processes. In addition, better understanding of the mitochondrial events in FRDA may allow the development of improved imaging methodology for assessing the disorder. Though not technologically feasible at present, metabolic imaging approaches may provide a direct methodology to understand the mitochondrial changes occurring in FRDA and provide a methodology to monitor upcoming trials of frataxin restoration.
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang D, Cao H, Wang X, Wang J, Wang M, Zhang J, Wang L. SIRT1 is Required for Exercise-Induced Beneficial Effects on Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1283-1296. [PMID: 33854356 PMCID: PMC8039203 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s300997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise training has been regarded as an effective mean of prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and exercise can improve the antioxidant capacity of the myocardial. While SIRT1 has been proved to protects the heart from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and apoptosis, less is known about the association between exercise-induced cardioprotection and SIRT1. Methods and Results MI/R injury model was constructed after swimming training in mice. Significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, decreased apoptosis ratio and upregulated SIRT1 protein expression in heart were found in swam mice by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining of heart sections, TUNEL staining of frozen sections and Western blotting. The results of TUNEL staining and Western blotting suggested activation of SIRT1 using resveratrol (RSV) or inhibition of SIRT1 using EX527 in vitro blocked or accelerated cardiomyocytes apoptosis which induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) respectively and regulated the expression of antioxidants in vitro. PGC-1α has been identified as one of the downstream genes of SIRT1 modulating oxidative stress and apoptosis. Importantly, the data of TTC staining, TUNEL staining, Western blotting, echocardiography and histopathological staining revealed that mice with inducible cardiac SIRT1-knockout blocked the protective effects of exercise preconditioning on myocardial infarct size, myocardial apoptosis, adverse ventricular remodeling, cardiac fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction after MI/R injury, simultaneously exercise-induced expression of myocardial antioxidant stress factors was hindered which was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. Conclusion SIRT1 protects against oxidative stress after MI/R injury by activating downstream PGC-1α and promoting the production of antioxidant enzymes. SIRT1 is required for exercise to protect against myocardial apoptosis and maladaptive ventricular remodelling induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchun Wang
- Department of Emergency, Jilin Provincial FAW General Hospital, Changchun, 130011, People's Republic of China
| | - Manli Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Changchun Central Hospital, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mann PA, Lehrke M. Cardiac substrate utilization in heart failure: Where is the relevance of SGLT2 inhibition? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 164:895-899. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
28
|
Horvath O, Ordog K, Bruszt K, Kalman N, Kovacs D, Radnai B, Gallyas F, Toth K, Halmosi R, Deres L. Modulation of Mitochondrial Quality Control Processes by BGP-15 in Oxidative Stress Scenarios: From Cell Culture to Heart Failure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6643871. [PMID: 33728024 PMCID: PMC7937466 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6643871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex chronic clinical disease characterized by among others the damage of the mitochondrial network. The disruption of the mitochondrial quality control and the imbalance in fusion-fission processes lead to a lack of energy supply and, finally, to cell death. BGP-15 (O-[3-piperidino-2-hydroxy-1-propyl]-nicotinic acid amidoxime dihydrochloride) is an insulin sensitizer molecule and has a cytoprotective effect in a wide variety of experimental models. In our recent work, we aimed to clarify the mitochondrial protective effects of BGP-15 in a hypertension-induced heart failure model and "in vitro." Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) received BGP-15 or placebo for 18 weeks. BGP-15 treatment preserved the normal mitochondrial ultrastructure and enhanced the mitochondrial fusion. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were stressed by hydrogen-peroxide. BGP-15 treatment inhibited the mitochondrial fission processes, promoted mitochondrial fusion, maintained the integrity of the mitochondrial genome, and moreover enhanced the de novo biogenesis of the mitochondria. As a result of these effects, BGP-15 treatment also supports the maintenance of mitochondrial function through the preservation of the mitochondrial structure during hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress as well as in an "in vivo" heart failure model. It offers the possibility, which pharmacological modulation of mitochondrial quality control under oxidative stress could be a novel therapeutic approach in heart failure.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Cell Culture Techniques
- Citrate (si)-Synthase/metabolism
- DNA/metabolism
- DNA Damage
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- Dynamins/metabolism
- Electron Transport/drug effects
- Energy Metabolism/drug effects
- Genome, Mitochondrial
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Hypertension/complications
- Male
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Heart/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/ultrastructure
- Mitochondrial Dynamics
- Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocardium/ultrastructure
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/ultrastructure
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/metabolism
- Organelle Biogenesis
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Oximes/administration & dosage
- Oximes/chemistry
- Oximes/pharmacology
- Oxygen Consumption/drug effects
- Piperidines/administration & dosage
- Piperidines/chemistry
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Rats
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Horvath
- 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Ordog
- 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Kitti Bruszt
- 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Kalman
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Dominika Kovacs
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Radnai
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- HAS-UP Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, 1245 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kalman Toth
- 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Robert Halmosi
- 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Deres
- 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- HAS-UP Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, 1245 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park N, Marquez J, Garcia MVF, Shimizu I, Lee SR, Kim HK, Han J. Phosphorylation in Novel Mitochondrial Creatine Kinase Tyrosine Residues Render Cardioprotection against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury. J Lipid Atheroscler 2021; 10:223-239. [PMID: 34095014 PMCID: PMC8159762 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2021.10.2.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is the leading cause of heart failure. Proteomic and genomic studies have demonstrated ischemic preconditioning (IPC) can assert cardioprotection against ICM through mitochondrial function regulation. Considering IPC is conducted in a relatively brief period, regulation of protein expression also occurs very rapidly, highlighting the importance of protein function modulation by post-translational modifications. This study aimed to identify and analyze novel phosphorylated mitochondrial proteins that can be harnessed for therapeutic strategies for preventing ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were used in an ex vivo Langendorff system to simulate normal perfusion, I/R, and IPC condition, after which the samples were prepared for phosphoproteomic analysis. Employing human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells, we investigated the cardioprotective role of CKMT2 through overexpression and how site-directed mutagenesis of putative CKMT2 phosphorylation sites (Y159A, Y255A, and Y368A) can affect cardioprotection by measuring CKMT2 protein activity, mitochondrial function and protein expression changes. Results The phosphoproteomic analysis revealed dephosphorylation of mitochondrial creatine kinase (CKMT2) during ischemia and I/R, while preserving its phosphorylated state during IPC. CKMT2 overexpression conferred cardioprotection against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) by increasing cell viability and mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate level, preserving mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, while phosphomutations, especially in Y368, nullified cardioprotection by significantly reducing cell viability and increasing ROS production during H/R. CKMT2 overexpression increased mitochondrial function by mediating the proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α/estrogen-related receptor-α pathway, and these effects were mostly inhibited by Y368A mutation. Conclusion These results suggest that regulation of quantitative expression and phosphorylation site Y368 of CKMT2 offers a unique mechanism in future ICM therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nammi Park
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jubert Marquez
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Maria Victoria Faith Garcia
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sung Ryul Lee
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Inje University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Inje University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang L, Cai Y, Jian L, Cheung CW, Zhang L, Xia Z. Impact of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α on diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:2. [PMID: 33397369 PMCID: PMC7783984 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiomyopathy is higher in diabetic patients than those without diabetes. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined as a clinical condition of abnormal myocardial structure and performance in diabetic patients without other cardiac risk factors, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, and significant valvular disease. Multiple molecular events contribute to the development of DCM, which include the alterations in energy metabolism (fatty acid, glucose, ketone and branched chain amino acids) and the abnormalities of subcellular components in the heart, such as impaired insulin signaling, increased oxidative stress, calcium mishandling and inflammation. There are no specific drugs in treating DCM despite of decades of basic and clinical investigations. This is, in part, due to the lack of our understanding as to how heart failure initiates and develops, especially in diabetic patients without an underlying ischemic cause. Some of the traditional anti-diabetic or lipid-lowering agents aimed at shifting the balance of cardiac metabolism from utilizing fat to glucose have been shown inadequately targeting multiple aspects of the conditions. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), a transcription factor, plays an important role in mediating DCM-related molecular events. Pharmacological targeting of PPARα activation has been demonstrated to be one of the important strategies for patients with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review is to provide a contemporary view of PPARα in association with the underlying pathophysiological changes in DCM. We discuss the PPARα-related drugs in clinical applications and facts related to the drugs that may be considered as risky (such as fenofibrate, bezafibrate, clofibrate) or safe (pemafibrate, metformin and glucagon-like peptide 1-receptor agonists) or having the potential (sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor) in treating DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yin Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Liguo Jian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chi Wai Cheung
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Liangqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bo B, Zhou Y, Zheng Q, Wang G, Zhou K, Wei J. The Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Aerobic Exercise-Induced Cardiac Regeneration. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010019. [PMID: 33375497 PMCID: PMC7823705 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The leading cause of heart failure is cardiomyopathy and damage to the cardiomyocytes. Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes have the ability to regenerate, but this cannot wholly compensate for myocardial cell loss after myocardial injury. Studies have shown that exercise has a regulatory role in the activation and promotion of regeneration of healthy and injured adult cardiomyocytes. However, current research on the effects of aerobic exercise in myocardial regeneration is not comprehensive. This review discusses the relationships between aerobic exercise and the regeneration of cardiomyocytes with respect to complex molecular and cellular mechanisms, paracrine factors, transcriptional factors, signaling pathways, and microRNAs that induce cardiac regeneration. The topics discussed herein provide a knowledge base for physical activity-induced cardiomyocyte regeneration, in which exercise enhances overall heart function and improves the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Bo
- School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China; (B.B.); (Y.Z.); (Q.Z.); (G.W.); (K.Z.)
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China; (B.B.); (Y.Z.); (Q.Z.); (G.W.); (K.Z.)
| | - Qingyun Zheng
- School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China; (B.B.); (Y.Z.); (Q.Z.); (G.W.); (K.Z.)
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
| | - Guandong Wang
- School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China; (B.B.); (Y.Z.); (Q.Z.); (G.W.); (K.Z.)
| | - Ke Zhou
- School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China; (B.B.); (Y.Z.); (Q.Z.); (G.W.); (K.Z.)
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
| | - Jianshe Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13938625812
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dilated cardiomyopathy impairs mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes inflammation in an age- and sex-dependent manner. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:24117-24133. [PMID: 33303703 PMCID: PMC7762497 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) belongs to the myocardial diseases associated with a severe impairment of cardiac function, but the question of how sex and age affect this pathology has not been fully explored. Impaired energy homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation are well-described phenomena associated with aging. In this study, we investigated if DCM affects these phenomena in a sex- and age-related manner. We analyzed the expression of mitochondrial and antioxidant proteins and the inflammatory state in DCM heart tissue from younger and older women and men. A significant downregulation of Sirt1 expression was detected in older DCM patients. Sex-related differences were observed in the phosphorylation of AMPK that only appeared in older males with DCM, possibly due to an alternative Sirt1 regulation mechanism. Furthermore, reduced expression of several mitochondrial proteins (TOM40, TIM23, Sirt3, and SOD2) and genes (cox1, nd4) was only detected in old DCM patients, suggesting that age has a greater effect than DCM on these alterations. Finally, an increased expression of inflammatory markers in older, failing hearts, with a stronger pro-inflammatory response in men, was observed. Together, these findings indicate that age- and sex-related increased inflammation and disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis occurs in male individuals with DCM.
Collapse
|
33
|
MZe786 Rescues Cardiac Mitochondrial Activity in High sFlt-1 and Low HO-1 Environment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070598. [PMID: 32660064 PMCID: PMC7402164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. Women who have had preeclampsia are at three to four times higher risk in later life of developing high blood pressure and heart disease. Soluble Flt-1 (sFlt-1) is elevated in preeclampsia and may remain high postpartum in women with a history of preeclampsia. Heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1/HO-1) exerts protective effects against oxidative stimuli and is compromised in the placenta of pregnant women with preeclampsia. We hypothesized that sFlt-1 inhibits cardiac mitochondrial activity in HO-1 deficient mice. HO-1 haplo-insufficient mice (Hmox1+/−) were injected with adenovirus encoding sFlt-1 (Ad-sFlt-1) or control virus (Ad-CMV). Subsequently, they were treated daily with either placebo or MZe786 for six days, when the heart tissue was harvested to assess cardiac mitochondrial activity. Here, we show that the loss of HO-1 disturbed cardiac mitochondrial respiration and reduced mitochondrial biogenesis. The overexpression of sFlt-1 resulted in the inhibition of the cardiac mitochondrial activity in Hmox1+/− mice. The present study demonstrates that the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) releasing molecule, MZe786, rescues mitochondrial activity by stimulating cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defense in Hmox1−/− mice and in Hmox1+/− mice exposed to a high sFlt-1 environment.
Collapse
|
34
|
Nuamnaichati N, Mangmool S, Chattipakorn N, Parichatikanond W. Stimulation of GLP-1 Receptor Inhibits Methylglyoxal-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts: Potential Role of Epac/PI3K/Akt Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:805. [PMID: 32547400 PMCID: PMC7274035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG) contributes to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Inhibition of mitochondrial abnormalities induced by MG in the heart may improve and delay the progression of heart failure. Although glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have been used as anti-diabetic drugs and GLP-1R has been detected in the heart, the cardioprotective effects of GLP-1R agonists on the inhibition of MG-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial abnormalities have not been elucidated. Stimulation of GLP-1Rs leads to cAMP elevation and subsequently activates PKA- and/or Epac-dependent signaling pathway. However, the signaling pathway involved in the prevention of MG-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in the heart has not been clarified so far. In the present study, we demonstrated that stimulation of GLP-1Rs with exendin-4 inhibited MG-induced intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. GLP-1R stimulation also improved the alterations of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and expressions of genes related to mitochondrial functions and dynamics induced by MG. In addition, stimulation of GLP-1R exhibits antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects as well as the improvement of mitochondrial functions through cAMP/Epac/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in H9c2 cells. Our study is the first work demonstrating a novel signaling pathway for cardioprotective effects of GLP-1R agonist on inhibition of oxidative stress and prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, GLP-1R agonist represents a potential therapeutic target for inhibition of oxidative stress and modulation of mitochondrial functions in the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narawat Nuamnaichati
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supachoke Mangmool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by a decline in cardiac systolic or diastolic function, which leaves the heart unable to pump enough blood to meet the normal physiological requirements of the human body. It is a serious disease burden worldwide affecting nearly 23 million patients. The concept that heart failure is "an engine out of fuel" has been generally accepted and metabolic remodeling has been recognized as an important aspect of this condition; it is characterized by defects in energy production and changes in metabolic pathways involved in the regulation of essential cellular functions such as the process of substrate utilization, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and high-energy phosphate metabolism. Advances in second-generation sequencing, proteomics, and metabolomics have made it possible to perform comprehensive tests on genes and metabolites that are crucial in the process of HF, thereby providing a clearer and comprehensive understanding of metabolic remodeling during HF. In recent years, new metabolic changes such as ketone bodies and branched-chain amino acids were demonstrated as alternative substrates in end-stage HF. This systematic review focuses on changes in metabolic substrate utilization during the progression of HF and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Accordingly, the conventional concepts of metabolic remodeling characteristics are reviewed, and the latest developments, particularly multi-omics studies, are compiled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital; National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital; National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital; National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), 167A Beilishi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang M, Jiang N, Chu Y, Postnikova O, Varghese R, Horvath A, Cheema AK, Golestaneh N. Dysregulated metabolic pathways in age-related macular degeneration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2464. [PMID: 32051464 PMCID: PMC7016007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59244-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration is a major cause of vision impairment in the Western world among people of 55 years and older. Recently we have shown that autophagy is dysfunctional in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of the AMD donor eyes (AMD RPE). We also showed increased reactive oxygen (ROS) production, increased cytoplasmic glycogen accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and disintegration, and enlarged and annular LAMP-1-positive organelles in AMD RPE. However, the underlying mechanisms inducing these abnormalities remain to be elucidated. Here, by performing a comprehensive study, we show increased PAPR2 expression, deceased NAD+, and SIRT1, increased PGC-1α acetylation (inactive form), lower AMPK activity, and overactive mTOR pathway in AMD RPE as compared to normal RPE. Metabolomics and lipidomics revealed dysregulated metabolites in AMD RPE as compared to normal RPE, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, involved in autophagy, lipid, and protein metabolisms, glutathione, guanosine, and L-glutamic acid, which are implicated in protection against oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, further supporting our observations. Our data show dysregulated metabolic pathways as important contributors to AMD pathophysiology, and facilitate the development of new treatment strategies for this debilitating disease of the visual system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Nisi Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Yi Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Olga Postnikova
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell & Molecular Biology (HNW28), NIH/NEI, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Rency Varghese
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Anelia Horvath
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Amrita K Cheema
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.,Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Nady Golestaneh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wen JJ, Cummins CB, Szczesny B, Radhakrishnan RS. Cardiac Dysfunction after Burn Injury: Role of the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC1α-NFE2L2-ARE Pathway. J Am Coll Surg 2020; 230:562-571. [PMID: 32032722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial oxidative stress plays a prominent role in the development of burn-induced cardiac dysfunction. AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor, has a central role in the pathogenesis of heart failure. However, its role in cardiac dysfunction after burn injury is unclear. Our hypothesis is that burn injury acts through the AMPK-sirtuin 1-PGC1α-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2)-ARE signaling pathway, leading to cardiac mitochondrial impairment, resulting in cardiac dysfunction. STUDY DESIGN Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent sham procedure or 60% total body surface area full-thickness burn. Echocardiograms were performed 24 hours post burn. Heart tissue was harvested at 24 hours post burn for biochemistry/molecular biologic analysis. AC16 cardiomyocytes were treated with either sham or burned rat serum (±AMPK inhibitor/AMPK activator/PGC1α activator) for evaluation of cardiomyocyte mitochondrial function by using seahorse in vitro. RESULTS Burn injury-induced cardiac dysfunction was measured by echocardiogram. Burn injury suppressed cardiac AMPK, sirtuin 1, and PGC1 expression, leading to acetylation of cardiomyocyte proteins. In addition, burn injury caused NFE2L2 and NFE2L2 regulated antioxidants (heme oxygenase 1, NADH quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutamatecysteine ligase catalytic subunit, manganese superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) to decrease, resulting in cardiac oxidative stress. In vitro, AMPK1 activator and PGC1α agonist treatment improved Ac16 cell mitochondrial dysfunction, and AMPK1 inhibitor treatment worsened Ac16 cellular damage. CONCLUSIONS Burn-induced cardiac dysfunction and cardiac mitochondrial damage occur via the AMPK-sirtuin 1-PGC1α-NFE2L2-ARE signaling pathway. AMPK and PGC1α agonists might be promising therapeutic agents to reverse cardiac dysfunction after burn injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake J Wen
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Claire B Cummins
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Bartosz Szczesny
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Quiroga C, Mancilla G, Oyarzun I, Tapia A, Caballero M, Gabrielli LA, Valladares-Ide D, del Campo A, Castro PF, Verdejo HE. Moderate Exercise in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Is Unable to Activate the Expression of Genes Linked to Mitochondrial Dynamics and Biogenesis in Cardiomyocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:546. [PMID: 32973679 PMCID: PMC7466645 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a public health concern and a major preventable cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). When uncontrolled, HTN may lead to adverse cardiac remodeling, left ventricular hypertrophy, and ultimately, heart failure. Regular aerobic exercise training exhibits blood pressure protective effects, improves myocardial function, and may reverse pathologic cardiac hypertrophy. These beneficial effects depend at least partially on improved mitochondrial function, decreased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and apoptotic cell death, which supports the general recommendation of moderate exercise in CVD patients. However, most of these mechanisms have been described on healthy individuals; the effect of moderate exercise on HTN subjects at a cellular level remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that hypertension in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) reduces the mitochondrial response to moderate exercise in the myocardium. Methods: Eight-month-old SHRs and their normotensive control-Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYR)-were randomly assigned to moderate exercise on a treadmill five times per week with a running speed set at 10 m/min and 15° inclination. The duration of each session was 45 min with a relative intensity of 70-85% of the maximum O2 consumption for a total of 8 weeks. A control group of untrained animals was maintained in their cages with short sessions of 10 min at 10 m/min two times per week to maintain them accustomed to the treadmill. After completing the exercise protocol, we assessed maximum exercise capacity and echocardiographic parameters. Animals were euthanized, and heart and muscle tissue were harvested for protein determinations and gene expression analysis. Measurements were compared using a nonparametric ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis), with post-hoc Dunn's test. Results: At baseline, SHR presented myocardial remodeling evidenced by left ventricular hypertrophy (interventricular septum 2.08 ± 0.07 vs. 1.62 ± 0.08 mm, p < 0.001), enlarged left atria (0.62 ± 0.1 mm vs. 0.52 ± 0.1, p = 0.04), and impaired diastolic function (E/A ratio 2.43 ± 0.1 vs. 1.56 ± 0.2) when compared to WKYR. Moderate exercise did not induce changes in ventricular remodeling but improved diastolic filling pattern (E/A ratio 2.43 ± 0.1 in untrained SHR vs. 1.89 ± 0.16 trained SHR, p < 0.01). Histological analysis revealed increased myocyte transversal section area, increased Myh7 (myosin heavy chain 7) expression, and collagen fiber accumulation in SHR-control hearts. While the exercise protocol did not modify cardiac size, there was a significant reduction of cardiomyocyte size in the SHR-exercise group. Conversely, titin expression increased only WYK-exercise animals but remained unchanged in the SHR-exercise group. Mitochondrial response to exercise also diverged between SHR and WYKR: while moderate exercise showed an apparent increase in mRNA levels of Ppargc1α, Opa1, Mfn2, Mff, and Drp1 in WYKR, mitochondrial dynamics proteins remained unchanged in response to exercise in SHR. This finding was further confirmed by decreased levels of MFN2 and OPA1 in SHR at baseline and increased OPA1 processing in response to exercise in heart. In summary, aerobic exercise improves diastolic parameters in SHR but fails to activate the cardiomyocyte mitochondrial adaptive response observed in healthy individuals. This finding may explain the discrepancies on the effect of exercise in clinical settings and evidence of the need to further refine our understanding of the molecular response to physical activity in HTN subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Quiroga
- Laboratorio de Señalización Cardiovascular, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Georthan Mancilla
- Laboratorio de Señalización Cardiovascular, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ingrid Oyarzun
- Laboratorio de Señalización Cardiovascular, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anita Tapia
- Laboratorio de Señalización Cardiovascular, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mia Caballero
- Laboratorio de Señalización Cardiovascular, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luigi A. Gabrielli
- Laboratorio de Señalización Cardiovascular, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Andrea del Campo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F. Castro
- Laboratorio de Señalización Cardiovascular, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo E. Verdejo
- Laboratorio de Señalización Cardiovascular, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Hugo E. Verdejo
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Laha A, Singh M, George AK, Homme RP, Tyagi SC. Dysregulation of 1-carbon metabolism and muscle atrophy: potential roles of forkhead box O proteins and PPARγ co-activator-1α. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:1013-1017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine, a non-proteinogenic amino acid but an important metabolic intermediate is generated as an integral component for the “1-carbon metabolism” during normal physiology. It is catabolized to cysteine via the transulfuration pathway resulting in the generation of hydrogen sulfide, a naturally endogenous byproduct. Genetics or metabolic derangement can alter homocysteine concentration leading to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), a physiologically unfavorable condition that causes serious medical conditions including muscle wasting. HHcy environment can derail physiological processes by targeting biomolecules such as Akt; however, not much is known regarding the effects of HHcy on regulation of transcription factors such as forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins. Recently, hydrogen sulfide has been shown to be highly effective in alleviating the effects of HHcy by serving as an antiapoptotic factor, but role of FOXO and its interaction with hydrogen sulfide are yet to be established. In this review, we discuss role(s) of HHcy in skeletal muscle atrophy and how HHcy interact with FOXO and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha expressions that are relevant in musculoskeletal atrophy. Further, therapeutic intervention with hydrogen sulfide for harnessing its beneficial effects might help mitigate the dysregulated 1-carbon metabolism that happens to be the hallmark of HHcy-induced pathologies such as muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Laha
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| | - Akash K. George
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| | - Rubens P. Homme
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| | - Suresh C. Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiac Remodeling and Regeneration in Physical Exercise. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101128. [PMID: 31547508 PMCID: PMC6829258 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity with aerobic and muscle-strengthening training protects against the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease and can improve cardiac function in heart failure patients. In the past decade significant advances have been made in identifying mechanisms of cardiomyocyte re-programming and renewal including an enhanced exercise-induced proliferational capacity of cardiomyocytes and its progenitor cells. Various intracellular mechanisms mediating these positive effects on cardiac function have been found in animal models of exercise and will be highlighted in this review. 1) activation of extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways including phosphatidylinositol 3 phosphate kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), EGFR/JNK/SP-1, nitric oxide (NO)-signaling, and extracellular vesicles; 2) gene expression modulation via microRNAs (miR), in particular via miR-17-3p and miR-222; and 3) modulation of cardiac cellular metabolism and mitochondrial adaption. Understanding the cellular mechanisms, which generate an exercise-induced cardioprotective cellular phenotype with physiological hypertrophy and enhanced proliferational capacity may give rise to novel therapeutic targets. These may open up innovative strategies to preserve cardiac function after myocardial injury as well as in aged cardiac tissue.
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu Z, Tian H, Hua J, Cai W, Bai Y, Zhan Q, Lai W, Zeng Q, Ren H, Xu D. A CRM1 Inhibitor Alleviates Cardiac Hypertrophy and Increases the Nuclear Distribution of NT-PGC-1α in NRVMs. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:465. [PMID: 31133853 PMCID: PMC6513890 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal maintenance 1 (CRM1) inhibitors display antihypertrophic effects and control protein trafficking between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha) is a type of transcriptional coactivator that predominantly resides in the nucleus and is downregulated during heart failure. NT-PGC-1α is an alternative splicing variant of PGC-1α that is primarily distributed in the cytoplasm. We hypothesized that the use of a CRM1 inhibitor could shuttle NT-PGC-1α into the nucleus and activate PGC-1α target genes to potentially improve cardiac function in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI). We showed that PGC-1α and NT-PGC-1α were decreased in MI-induced heart failure mice. Phenylephrine and angiotensin II were applied to induce hypertrophy in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs). The antihypertrophic effects of the CRM1-inhibitor Selinexor was verified through profiling the expression of β-MHC and through visualizing the cell cross-sectional area. NRVMs were transfected with adenovirus-NT-PGC-1α or adenovirus-NLS (nucleus localization sequence)-NT-PGC-1α and then exposed to Selinexor. Confocal microscopy was then used to observe the shuttling of NT-PGC-1α. After NT-PGC-1α was shuttled into the nucleus, there was increased expression of its related genes, including PPAR-α, Tfam, ERR-γ, CPT1b, PDK4, and Nrf2. The effects of Selinexor on post-MI C57BL/6j mice were determined by echocardiography and qPCR. We found that Selinexor showed antihypertrophic effects but did not influence the ejection fraction of MI-mice. Interestingly, the antihypertrophic effects of Selinexor might be independent of NT-PGC-1α transportation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiping Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinghai Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujia Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingchun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ageing in Pgc-1β-/- mice modelling mitochondrial dysfunction induces differential expression of a range of genes regulating ventricular electrophysiology. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190127. [PMID: 30914453 PMCID: PMC6470410 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice deficient in mitochondrial promoter peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ co-activator-1β (Pgc-1β−/−) is a valuable model for metabolic diseases and has been found to present with several pathologies including ventricular arrhythmia. In the present study, our aim was to shed light on the molecular mechanisms behind the observed arrhythmic substrate by studying how the expression of selected genes critical for cardiac function differs in wild-type (WT) compared with Pgc-1β knockout mice and young compared with aged mice. We found that a clear majority of genes are down-regulated in the Pgc-1β−/− ventricular tissue compared with the WT. Although most individual genes are not significantly differentially expressed, a pattern is apparent when the genes are grouped according to their functional properties. Genes encoding proteins relating to ATPase activity, potassium ion channels relating to repolarisation and resting membrane potential, and genes encoding proteins in the cAMP pathway are found to be significantly down-regulated in the Pgc-1β deficient mice. On the contrary, the pacemaker channel genes Hcn3 and Hcn4 are up-regulated in subsets of the Pgc-1β deficient tissue. Furthermore, we found that with age, especially in the Pgc-1β−/− genotype, most genes are up-regulated including genes relating to the resting membrane potential, calcium homeostasis, the cAMP pathway, and most of the tested adrenoceptors. In conclusion, we here demonstrate how a complex pattern of many modest changes at gene level may explain major functional differences of the action potential related to ageing and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
|
43
|
Ahmad S, Valli H, Smyth R, Jiang AY, Jeevaratnam K, Matthews HR, Huang CL. Reduced cardiomyocyte Na + current in the age-dependent murine Pgc-1β -/- model of ventricular arrhythmia. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:3921-3932. [PMID: 30146680 PMCID: PMC6492124 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 deficient (Pgc-1β-/- ) murine hearts model the increased, age-dependent, ventricular arrhythmic risks attributed to clinical conditions associated with mitochondrial energetic dysfunction. These were accompanied by compromised action potential (AP) upstroke rates and impaired conduction velocities potentially producing arrhythmic substrate. We tested a hypothesis implicating compromised Na+ current in these electrophysiological phenotypes by applying loose patch-clamp techniques in intact young and aged, wild-type (WT) and Pgc-1β-/- , ventricular cardiomyocyte preparations for the first time. This allowed conservation of their in vivo extracellular and intracellular conditions. Depolarising steps elicited typical voltage-dependent activating and inactivating inward Na+ currents with peak amplitudes increasing or decreasing with their respective activating or preceding inactivating voltage steps. Two-way analysis of variance associated Pgc-1β-/- genotype with independent reductions in maximum peak ventricular Na+ currents from -36.63 ± 2.14 (n = 20) and -35.43 ± 1.96 (n = 18; young and aged WT, respectively), to -29.06 ± 1.65 (n = 23) and -27.93 ± 1.63 (n = 20; young and aged Pgc-1β-/- , respectively) pA/μm2 (p < 0.0001), without independent effects of, or interactions with age. Voltages at half-maximal current V*, and steepness factors k in plots of voltage dependences of both Na+ current activation and inactivation, and time constants for its postrepolarisation recovery from inactivation, remained indistinguishable through all experimental groups. So were the activation and rectification properties of delayed outward (K+ ) currents, demonstrated from tail currents reflecting current recoveries from respective varying or constant voltage steps. These current-voltage properties directly implicate decreases specifically in maximum available Na+ current with unchanged voltage dependences and unaltered K+ current properties, in proarrhythmic reductions in AP conduction velocity in Pgc-1β-/- ventricles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiraz Ahmad
- Physiological LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Haseeb Valli
- Physiological LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Robert Smyth
- Physiological LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Anita Y. Jiang
- Physiological LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Kamalan Jeevaratnam
- Physiological LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of Veterinary Pre‐clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUnited Kingdom
- Department of Physiology, PU‐RCSI School of Medicine, Perdana UniversitySerdangMalaysia
| | - Hugh R. Matthews
- Physiological LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher L.‐H. Huang
- Physiological LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Joseph J. Orchestrating Metabolic Flexibility: PGC-1α and Clinical Heart Failure. Am J Med Sci 2019; 357:273-274. [PMID: 30711188 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Joseph
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yin Z, Zhao Y, He M, Li H, Fan J, Nie X, Yan M, Chen C, Wang DW. MiR-30c/PGC-1β protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy via PPARα. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:7. [PMID: 30635067 PMCID: PMC6329097 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0811-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic abnormalities have been implicated as a causal event in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the mechanisms underlying cardiac metabolic disorder in DCM were not fully understood. RESULTS Db/db mice, palmitate treated H9c2 cells and primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were employed in the current study. Microarray data analysis revealed that PGC-1β may play an important role in DCM. Downregulation of PGC-1β relieved palmitate induced cardiac metabolism shift to fatty acids use and relevant lipotoxicity in vitro. Bioinformatics coupled with biochemical validation was used to confirm that PGC-1β was one of the direct targets of miR-30c. Remarkably, overexpression of miR-30c by rAAV system improved glucose utilization, reduced excessive reactive oxygen species production and myocardial lipid accumulation, and subsequently attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction in db/db mice. Similar effects were also observed in cultured cells. More importantly, miR-30c overexpression as well as PGC-1β knockdown reduced the transcriptional activity of PPARα, and the effects of miR-30c on PPARα was almost abated by PGC-1β knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated a protective role of miR-30c in cardiac metabolism in diabetes via targeting PGC-1β, and suggested that modulation of PGC-1β by miR-30c may provide a therapeutic approach for DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Mengying He
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xiang Nie
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Mengwen Yan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lv J, Deng C, Jiang S, Ji T, Yang Z, Wang Z, Yang Y. Blossoming 20: The Energetic Regulator's Birthday Unveils its Versatility in Cardiac Diseases. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:466-476. [PMID: 30809287 PMCID: PMC6376194 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) was first identified in 1998 as a PGC-1 family member that regulates adaptive thermogenesis and mitochondrial function following cold exposure in brown adipose tissue. The PGC-1 family has drawn widespread attention over the past two decades as the energetic regulator. We recently summarized a review regarding PGC-1 signaling pathway and its mechanisms in cardiac metabolism. In this review, we elaborate upon the PGC-1 signaling network and highlight the recent progress of its versatile roles in cardiac diseases, including myocardial hypertrophy, peripartum and diabetic cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. The information reviewed here may be useful in future studies, which may increase the potential of this energetic regulator as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
47
|
Huang X, Liu Z, Shen L, Jin Y, Xu G, Zhang Z, Fang C, Guan W, Liu C. Augmentation of miR-202 in varicose veins modulates phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:10031-10042. [PMID: 30556158 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In varicose veins, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) often show abnormal proliferative and migratory rates and phenotypic transition. This study aimed to investigate whether microRNA (miR)-202 and its potential target, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), were involved in VSMC phenotypic transition. miR-202 expression was analyzed in varicose veins and in VSMCs conditioned with platelet-derived growth factor. The effect of miR-202 on cell proliferation and migration was assessed. Furthermore, contractile marker SM-22α, synthetic markers vimentin and collagen I, and PGC-1α were analyzed by Western blot analysis. The modulation of PGC-1α expression by miR-202 was also evaluated. In varicose veins and proliferative VSMCs, miR-202 expression was upregulated, with decreased SM-22α expression and increased vimentin and collagen I expression. Transfection with a miR-202 mimic induced VSMC proliferation and migration, whereas a miR-202 inhibitor reduced cell proliferation and migration. miR-202 mimic constrained luciferase activity in HEK293 cells that were cotransfected with the PGC-1α 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) but not those with mutated 3'-UTR. miR-202 suppressed PGC-1α protein expression, with no influence on its messenger RNA expression. PGC-1α mediated VSMC phenotypic transition and was correlated with reactive oxygen species production. In conclusion, miR-202 affects VSMC phenotypic transition by targeting PGC-1α expression, providing a novel target for varicose vein therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianchen Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liming Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqi Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixuan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changwen Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changjian Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Riehle C, Bauersachs J. Of mice and men: models and mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 114:2. [PMID: 30443826 PMCID: PMC6244639 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of heart failure independent of co-existing hypertension and coronary artery disease. Although several molecular mechanisms for the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy have been identified, they are incompletely understood. The pathomechanisms are multifactorial and as a consequence, no causative treatment exists at this time to modulate or reverse the molecular changes contributing to accelerated cardiac dysfunction in diabetic patients. Numerous animal models have been generated, which serve as powerful tools to study the impact of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on the heart. Despite specific limitations of the models generated, they mimic various perturbations observed in the diabetic myocardium and continue to provide important mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis underlying diabetic cardiomyopathy. This article reviews recent studies in both diabetic patients and in these animal models, and discusses novel hypotheses to delineate the increased incidence of heart failure in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Riehle
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany.
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kärkkäinen O, Tuomainen T, Mutikainen M, Lehtonen M, Ruas JL, Hanhineva K, Tavi P. Heart specific PGC-1α deletion identifies metabolome of cardiac restricted metabolic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 115:107-118. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Heart failure (HF) is associated with drastic changes in metabolism leading to a cardiac energy deficiency well as maladaptive changes in multiple other tissues. It is still unclear which of these changes originates from cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling or whether they are induced secondarily by systemic factors. Our aim here was to induce cardiac restricted metabolic changes mimicking those seen in HF and to characterize the associated metabolite changes in the heart, circulation, and peripheral tissues.
Methods and results
We generated a cardiac specific PGC-1α knockout mice (KO) to specifically induce metabolic dysregulation typically accompanied by HF and performed a non-targeted LC-MS metabolite profiling analysis of heart, plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle to identify metabolites associated with cardiac specific metabolic remodelling. The KO animals developed a progressive cardiomyopathy with cardiac dilatation leading to fatal HF. At 17 weeks of age, when significant remodelling had occurred but before the onset of HF, isolated PGC-1α deficient cardiomyocytes had suppressed glucose and fatty acid oxidation as well as blunted anaerobic metabolism. KO hearts displayed a distinctive metabolite profile with 92 significantly altered molecular features including metabolite changes in energy metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, amino acids, and oxidative stress signalling. Some of the metabolite changes correlated with the specific parameters of cardiac function. We did not observe any significant alterations in the metabolomes of the other measured tissues or in plasma.
Conclusions
Heart specific PGC-1α KO induces metabolic, functional, and structural abnormalities leading to dilating cardiomyopathy and HF. The metabolic changes were limited to the cardiac tissue indicating that cardiomyocyte metabolic remodelling is not sufficient to evoke the body wide metabolic alterations usually associated with HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olli Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gao RR, Wu XD, Jiang HM, Zhu YJ, Zhou YL, Zhang HF, Yao WM, Li YQ, Li XL. Traditional Chinese medicine Qiliqiangxin attenuates phenylephrine-induced cardiac hypertrophy via upregulating PPARγ and PGC-1α. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:153. [PMID: 29862242 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.04.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Clinical study has demonstrated that the traditional Chinese medicine Qiliqiangxin (QLQX) has protective effects on heart failure. Phenylephrine (PE) is an important inducing factor for cardiac hypertrophy and our previous studies have showed that QLQX attenuates PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Besides, QLQX protects against cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction via activating PPARγ. However, whether QLQX prevents PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy through PPARγ and its coactivator PGC-1α is still unknown. Methods The effects of QLQX were investigated based on PE induced cardiac hypertrophy mouse models. Echocardiography and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining were used to determine cardiac function and cross-sectional area, respectively. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to determine ANP and BNP expressions. Based on primary neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs) treated with PE, the cell size and expressions of ANP and BNP were determined by immunofluorescent staining and qRT-PCR, respectively. In addition, western blot was used to determine PPARγ and PGC-1α expressions. Results In present study, we confirmed that QLQX could significantly attenuate cardiac hypertrophy in mice treated with PE. Then we showed that PPARγ and PGC-1α were downregulated in PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and QLQX could block the decrease of PPARγ and PGC-1α both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we found that PPARγ inhibitors or PGC-1α siRNAs eliminated the protective effects of QLQX on PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusions Our study suggested that QLQX prevents from PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy by activating PPARγ and its coactivator PGC-1α.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hui-Min Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zhu
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yan-Li Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wen-Ming Yao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yong-Qin Li
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Experimental Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xin-Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|