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Mahdaviani B, Selk-Ghaffari M, Sarzaeim M, Thornton JS. Barriers and enablers of adherence to high-intensity interval training among patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2024:bjsports-2024-108163. [PMID: 39332844 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical activity confers physical and psychosocial benefits for cancer patients and decreases morbidity and mortality, but adherence varies. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is time-efficient and may improve adherence. Our aim was to determine barriers and enablers of adherence to HIIT in patients diagnosed with cancer. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCE PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Intervention studies including patients diagnosed with any type of cancer, who engaged in HIIT with or without co-intervention in any stage of treatment and have reported outcomes for adherence. RESULTS Eight hundred articles were screened and 22 were included (n=807); 19 were included in the meta-analysis (n=755). Weighted adherence to HIIT was 88% (95% CI, 81% to 94%). None of the studies reported serious adverse events. Although being a woman and having breast cancer were associated with lower adherence (p<0.05), age was not (p=0.15). Adherence was significantly lower during the treatment phase in comparison with pre- and post-treatment phases, 83% versus 94% and 96%, respectively (p<0.001). Session time of more than 60 min, when unsupervised and combined with other interventions, was associated with decreased adherence (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Adherence to HIIT programmes among cancer patients varies and is improved when the intervention is supervised, of shorter duration, consists of solely HIIT and not in combination with other exercise and occurs during pre- and post-treatment phases. Strategies to improve adherence to HIIT in specific subpopulations may be needed to ensure all patients with cancer are provided optimal opportunities to reap the benefits associated with physical activity. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42023430180.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Mahdaviani
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Maryam Selk-Ghaffari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mojdeh Sarzaeim
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Jane S Thornton
- Western Centre for Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Dong W, Luo M, Li Y, Chen X, Li L, Chang Q. MICT ameliorates hypertensive nephropathy by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and down-regulating NLRC4 inflammasome. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306137. [PMID: 39052650 PMCID: PMC11271930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertensive nephropathy (HN) is one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), leading to serious morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. However, existing treatment for hypertensive nephropathy are still very limited. It has been demonstrated that aerobic exercise has beneficial effects on the treatment of hypertension. However, the underlying mechanisms of exercise in HN remain unclear. METHODS The spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were trained for 8 weeks on a treadmill with different exercise prescriptions. We detected the effects of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) on inflammatory response, renal function, and renal fibrosis in SHR. We further investigated the relationship between TLR4 and the NLRC4 inflammasome in vitro HN model. RESULTS MICT improved renal fibrosis and renal injury, attenuating the inflammatory response by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the activation of NLRC4 inflammasome. However, these changes were not observed in the HIIT group. Additionally, repression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway by TAK-242 inhibited activation of NLRC4 inflammasome and alleviated the fibrosis in Ang II-induced HK-2 cells. CONCLUSION MICT ameliorated renal damage, inflammatory response, and renal fibrosis via repressing TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the activation of NLRC4 inflammasome. This study might provide new references for exercise prescriptions of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Dong
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yun Li
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lingang Li
- The Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qing Chang
- The College of Exercise Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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3
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Cai CY, Liang HY, Zhou T, Yang C, Yin JJ, Yao MH, Gu QX, Liu D, Ni HY. High-intensity interval training ameliorates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive behaviors via HDAC2-BDNF signaling in the ventral hippocampus. Brain Res 2023; 1816:148480. [PMID: 37429454 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a devastating psychiatric disease, and current therapies could not well meet the demand for MDD treatment. Exercise benefits mental illness, and notably, exercise has been recommended as an alternative option for MDD treatment in some countries. However, the paradigm and intensity of exercise for MDD treatment has yet to be determined. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a potent and time-efficient type of exercise training and has gained popularity in recent years. In this study, we exposed the mice to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and found HIIT exerted substantial antidepressant effect. Moreover, HIIT further enhanced the antidepressant effect of fluoxetine, a classic antidepressant in the clinic, confirming the antidepressant role of HIIT. HIIT significantly reversed the CUMS-induced upregulations in HDAC2 mRNA and protein level in the ventral hippocampus. We also found HIIT rescued the CUMS-induced downregulation in the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and HDAC2 overexpression counteracted the HIIT-induced increase in BDNF level. More importantly, both virus-mediated HDAC2 overexpression and microinfusion of TrkB-Fc, a BDNF scavenger, in the ventral hippocampus abolished the antidepressant effect of HIIT. Together, our results strongly demonstrate that HIIT attenuates depressive behaviors, probably via HDAC2-BDNF signaling pathway and reveal that HIIT may serve as an alternative option for MDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yun Cai
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hai-Ying Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jia-Jie Yin
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meng-Han Yao
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiu-Xiang Gu
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Huan-Yu Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Medical Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Bo B, Guo A, Kaila SJ, Hao Z, Zhang H, Wei J, Yao Y. Elucidating the primary mechanisms of high-intensity interval training for improved cardiac fitness in obesity. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1170324. [PMID: 37608837 PMCID: PMC10441243 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1170324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global and rising multifactorial pandemic associated with the emergence of several comorbidities that are risk factors for malignant cardiac remodeling and disease. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has gained considerable attention due to its favorable outcomes of cardiometabolic health in individuals with overweight or obese. The primary aim of this review is to discuss the fundamental processes through which HIIT improves cardiac impairment in individuals with obesity to develop viable treatments for obesity management. In this review, a multiple database search and collection were conducted from the earliest record to January 2013 for studies included the qualitative component of HIIT intervention in humans and animals with overweight/obesity related to cardiac remodeling and fitness. We attempt to integrate the main mechanisms of HIIT in cardiac remolding improvement in obesity into an overall sequential hypothesis. This work focus on the ameliorative effects of HIIT on obesity-induced cardiac remodeling with respect to potential and pleiotropic mechanisms, including adipose distribution, energy metabolism, inflammatory response, insulin resistance, and related risk profiles in obesity. In conclusion, HIIT has been shown to reduce obesity-induced risks of cardiac remodeling, but the long-term effects of HIIT on obesity-induced cardiac injury and disease are presently unknown. Collective understanding highlights numerous specific research that are needed before the safety and effectiveness of HIIT can be confirmed and widely adopted in patient with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Bo
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Aijing Guo
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Severa Jafeth Kaila
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhe Hao
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Huiqing Zhang
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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5
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Yang Z, Zhong ZY, Zhao CN, Yin MY, Wang JH, Wei J, Wen ZS, Qi M. Global trends and frontiers in research on exercise training for heart failure: a bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1181600. [PMID: 37342442 PMCID: PMC10277797 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1181600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heart failure is a common cardiovascular disease that imposes a heavy clinical and economic burden worldwide. Previous research and guidelines have supported exercise training as a safe, effective, and cost-efficient treatment to intervene in heart failure. The aim of this study was to analyze the global published literature in the field of exercise training for heart failure from 2002 to 2022, and to identify hot spots and frontiers within this research field. Methods Bibliometric information on literature on the topic of exercise training for heart failure published between 2002 and 2022 was searched and collected in the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace 6.1.R6 (Basic) and VOSviewer (1.6.18) were applied to perform bibliometric and knowledge mapping visualization analyses. Results A total of 2017 documents were retrieved, with an upward-stable trend in the field of exercise training for heart failure. The US authors were in the first place with 667 documents (33.07%), followed by Brazilian authors (248, 12.30%) and Italian authors (182, 9.02%). The Universidade de São Paulo in Brazil was the institution with the highest number of publications (130, 6.45%). The top 5 active authors were all from the USA, with Christopher Michael O'Connor and William Erle Kraus publishing the most documents (51, 2.53%). The International Journal of Cardiology (83, 4.12%) and the Journal of Applied Physiology (78, 3.87%) were the two most popular journals, while Cardiac Cardiovascular Systems (983, 48.74%) and Physiology (299, 14.82%) were the two most popular categories. Based on the results of keyword co-occurrence network and co-cited reference network, the hot spots and frontiers of research in the field of exercise training for heart failure were high-intensity interval training, behaviour therapy, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and systematic reviews. Conclusion The field of exercise training for heart failure has experienced two decades of steady and rapid development, and the findings of this bibliometric analysis provide ideas and references for relevant stakeholders such as subsequent researchers for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Faculty of Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zi-Yi Zhong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Cong-Na Zhao
- Zhaotong Health Vocational College, Zhaotong, China
| | - Ming-Yue Yin
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- Faculty of Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jing Wei
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Fu Wai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Shen Wen
- Faculty of Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Ming Qi
- Rehabilitation Medical Centre, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
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6
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Ceylan Hİ, Öztürk ME, Öztürk D, Silva AF, Albayrak M, Saygın Ö, Eken Ö, Clemente FM, Nobari H. Acute effect of moderate and high-intensity interval exercises on asprosin and BDNF levels in inactive normal weight and obese individuals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7040. [PMID: 37120612 PMCID: PMC10148865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the acute effects of moderate-intensity aerobic and high-intensity interval exercise protocols on Asprosin and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels in inactive normal weight and obese individuals. A total of 20 male individuals aged 18-65 years, ten normal weight (NW) (Body Mass Index (BMI): 18.5-24.99 kg/m2) and 10 obese (Ob) (BMI: 24.99-35.00 kg/m2) participated in this study, voluntarily. Moderate aerobic exercise (AE) (main circuit 30 min, between 40 and 59% of Heart Rate Reserve: HRR) and High-Intensity Interval exercise (HIIE) running protocols (main circuit 20 min, between 75 and 90% of the HRR for 1 min*10 times, and 1-min active rest at 30% of the HRR) was applied to the volunteer participants in the morning hours (08.00-10.00 a.m.), following the night fasting (at least 8-10 h) for at least 3 days between each other. Blood samples were collected from the participants before and immediately after each exercise protocol, and serum asprosin and BDNF hormone levels were determined by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay" method. Basal serum asprosin was found to be significantly higher in the Ob group compared to the NW group (p < .001), while the basal serum BDNF hormone was found to be lower (p < 0.05). It was observed that the serum asprosin level of both groups decreased significantly after both AE and HIIE protocols (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significantly higher decrease in serum asprosin level in the Ob group compared to the NW group after HIIE protocol. For the Ob group, serum BDNF level increased considerably after HIIE protocol compared to AE protocol (p < 0.05). Serum asprosin was found to be higher in the Ob group, while the serum BDNF was found to be lower. In addition, the acute exercises of different intensity significantly affected hormones that regulate appetite metabolism. In particular, it was observed that the HIIE protocol had a greater effect on the regulation of appetite (hunger-satiety) in the Ob group. This result can be taken into account when planning training programs for these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil İbrahim Ceylan
- Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ertuğrul Öztürk
- Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Deniz Öztürk
- Vocational School of Health Services, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- The Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320, Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Mevlüt Albayrak
- Vocational School of Health Services, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Özcan Saygın
- Coaching Science, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Özgür Eken
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran.
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
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7
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Vollaard NBJ, Metcalfe RS, Astorino TA. Comparing unequal volumes of HIIT and MICT does not introduce bias. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:315-316. [PMID: 37031046 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels B J Vollaard
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
| | - Richard S Metcalfe
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Todd A Astorino
- Department of Kinesiology, CSU - San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA
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Dierkes K, Rösel I, Giel KE, Thiel A, Sudeck G. Does Exercise Modality Matter Affectively? Contrasting Type and Sequence of Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training Versus High-Intensity Interval Training in a Randomized Within-Subject Study. J Sports Sci Med 2023; 22:84-97. [PMID: 36876187 PMCID: PMC9982541 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2023.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, affective determinants of exercise behavior have received increasing attention in research on health promotion and prevention. To date, however, little is known about changes in affective exercise determinants during multi-week training programs in insufficiently active individuals. This applies in particular to the currently discussed advantages and disadvantages of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) with regard to the affective experience of these two training types (e.g., reduced monotony vs. more aversive response during HIIT), which is important for exercise adherence. Referring to the Affect and Health Behavior Framework (AHBF), this within-subject study investigated changes in affective exercise determinants as a function of training type and sequence consisting of MICT and HIIT. Forty insufficiently active healthy adults (M age = 27 ± 6 years; 72% women) underwent two 6-week training periods in a randomized sequence (MICT - HIIT vs. HIIT - MICT) within 15 weeks. Pre-post questionnaires and in-situ measurements, during and after a standardized vigorous-intensity continuous exercise session (VICE), were used to assess affective attitude, intrinsic motivation, in-task affective valence, as well as post-exercise enjoyment. These four affect-related constructs were collected before, between, and after the two training periods. Mixed models revealed a significant effect for training sequence (p = 0.011) - but not for training type (p = 0.045; non-significant after Bonferroni alpha adjustment) - on changes in in-task affective valence in favor of the MICT - HIIT sequence. Moreover, no significant training type or sequence effects were found for the constructs of reflective processing: exercise enjoyment, affective attitude, and intrinsic motivation. Therefore, individual-based training recommendations should consider the effects of variety and training sequence to develop tailored interventions that lead to more positive affective experiences - in particular during exercise - and promote the maintenance of exercise behavior in previously inactive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Dierkes
- Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, University of Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Inka Rösel
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin E Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine & Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, University of Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gorden Sudeck
- Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, University of Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Germany
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Stern G, Psycharakis SG, Phillips SM. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Functional Movement in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:5. [PMID: 36641767 PMCID: PMC9840985 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preserving physiological functional capacity (PFC), the ability to perform the activities of daily life, and the ease with which they can be performed, in older adults, defined for this study as ≥ 50 years of age, is an important consideration for maintaining health and independence through the ageing process. Physical activity, and exercise training in particular, has been positively associated with improvement in PFC. In addition to improving aerobic and anaerobic capacity, promoting and preserving functional movement as a component of PFC is an important goal of physical activity, especially for older adults. High-intensity interval training (HIIT), an exercise protocol where repeated bouts of increased intensity are interspersed with active or passive recovery periods, has often been studied as an alternative to traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) exercise, where a continuous intensity is maintained throughout the exercise session. A large body of research has determined that both types of exercise programme are effective in improving measures of aerobic and anaerobic fitness in older adults. However, the effect of the two exercise modalities on functional movement has most often been a secondary outcome, with a range of observational techniques applied for measurement. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this research is to systematically review and meta-analyse published studies of HIIT interventions that measured functional movement in older adults to conclude if HIIT is effective for improving functional movement. A secondary objective is to determine if there are significant differences between HIIT and MICT effect on functional movement. METHODS A search strategy of terms locating studies of HIIT interventions, functional movement outcome measures, and older adult population samples was executed on seven digital databases. Randomized and pair-matched trials of > 2 weeks were considered for inclusion. Studies of participants with neurological impairment or studies using combined exercise modality were rejected. Standardized mean difference for functional movement outcome measures was calculated. A meta-analysis of the included studies and subgroups was performed along with study quality (risk of bias and publication bias) evaluation. RESULTS A total of 18 studies were included in random effects model pooled analysis. Subgroup analysis of HIIT versus MICT on functional movement showed a trivial effect in favour of HIIT (ES 0.13, 95% CI [-0.06, 0.33] p = 0.18) and did not achieve statistical significance. However, HIIT showed a medium, statistically significant favourable effect on functional movement versus non-intervention control (ES = 0.60 95% CI [0.24, 0.95] p = 0.001). Further subgroups analysis using singular and multiple functional movement outcome measures showed similar results. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis indicates that HIIT interventions in older adults may be effective at promoting improvements in functional movement, though it is unclear whether HIIT is superior to MICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Stern
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988The University of Edinburgh, St Leonard’s Land, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh, EH8 8AQ UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Human Performance Science Research Group, Moray House School of Education & Sport, Institute for Sport, PE and Health Sciences, Edinburgh, Scotland ,Sport & Exercise Physiology, Institute for Sport, PE and Health Sciences, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Stelios G. Psycharakis
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988The University of Edinburgh, St Leonard’s Land, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh, EH8 8AQ UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Biomechanics, Moray House School of Education & Sport, Institute for Sport, PE and Health Sciences, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Shaun M. Phillips
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988The University of Edinburgh, St Leonard’s Land, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh, EH8 8AQ UK ,Sport & Exercise Physiology, Institute for Sport, PE and Health Sciences, Edinburgh, Scotland
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10
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Stern G. Equalization of exercise protocols: not if, but how. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:799-800. [PMID: 36384862 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Comparative analysis of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) suffers from a lack of standardized metrics for intervention programming. Given the huge amount of research and general public attention to exercise as medicine, understanding how to compare exercise intervention protocols is both prescient and essential to interpreting the findings of studies of exercise therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Stern
- University of Edinburgh, Moray House School of Education and Sport, Holyrood Road, Edinburgh, UK.
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11
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Casaña J, Varangot-Reille C, Calatayud J, Suso-Martí L, Sanchís-Sánchez E, Aiguadé R, López-Bueno R, Gargallo P, Cuenca-Martínez F, Blanco-Díaz M. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Biological and Body Composition Variables in Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11236937. [PMID: 36498512 PMCID: PMC9739827 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11236937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to assess the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on biological and body composition variables in patients with musculoskeletal disorders (MSKD), a systematic search on PubMed (Medline), CENTRAL, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus was conducted. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and pooled in a meta-analysis using the random-effects model. The effectiveness of HIIT on waist circumference, muscle mass, resting heart rate, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, body weight, and body fat were determined. GRADE, risk of bias 2, and PEDro scales were employed. HIIT compared to no intervention, minimal intervention, or usual care did not show significant results in its favor on any of the variables studied, except for the resting heart rate when compared with no intervention (SMD = -0.33; 95% CI: -0.63, -0.04; heterogeneity Q value: 0.14; p = 0.93; I2 = 0%). In addition, HIIT also does not seem to be more effective than moderate-intensity continuous training. Based on the results, it seems that HIIT has almost no significant effects on biological and body composition variables, except for resting heart rate, in patients with MSKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Casaña
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Clovis Varangot-Reille
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-98-38-55
| | - Luis Suso-Martí
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Sanchís-Sánchez
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Aiguadé
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, 25008 St. Lleida, Spain
- Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, 25198 St. Lleida, Spain
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro Gargallo
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Catholic University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ferran Cuenca-Martínez
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Blanco-Díaz
- Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
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Herranz‐Gómez A, Cuenca‐Martínez F, Suso‐Martí L, Varangot‐Reille C, Calatayud J, Blanco‐Díaz M, Casaña J. Effectiveness of HIIT in patients with cancer or cancer survivors: An umbrella and mapping review with meta-meta-analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2022; 32:1522-1549. [PMID: 35925829 PMCID: PMC9804206 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the available evidence on the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in addition to first-choice cancer treatment on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), quality of life (QoL), adherence, and adverse effects of HIIT in patients with cancer or cancer survivors. METHODS An umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis (MMA) was performed. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database, CINAHL, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science until August 2021. Article selection, quality assessment, and risk of bias assessment were performed by two independent reviewers. The MMA were performed with a random-effects model and the summary statistics were presented in the form of forest plot with a weighted compilation of all standardized mean differences (SMD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Seven systematic reviews were included. Regarding CRF, the addition of HIIT to cancer treatment showed statistically significant differences with a small clinical effect, compared with adding other treatments (SMD = 0.45; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.65). There was no significant difference when compared with adding moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) (SMD = 0.23; 95% CI -0.04 to 0.50). QoL showed positive results although with some controversy. Adherence to HIIT intervention was high, ranging from 54% to 100%. Regarding adverse effects, most of the systematic reviews reported none, and in the cases in which they occurred, they were mild. CONCLUSION In conjunction with first-choice cancer treatment, HIIT has been shown to be an effective intervention in terms of CRF and QoL, as well as having optimal adherence rate. In addition, the implementation of HIIT in patients with cancer or cancer survivors is safe as it showed no or few adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Herranz‐Gómez
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH‐RG), Department of PhysiotherapyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain,Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health SciencesEuropean University of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Ferran Cuenca‐Martínez
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH‐RG), Department of PhysiotherapyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Luis Suso‐Martí
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH‐RG), Department of PhysiotherapyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Clovis Varangot‐Reille
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH‐RG), Department of PhysiotherapyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH‐RG), Department of PhysiotherapyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - María Blanco‐Díaz
- Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialities Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of OviedoOviedoAsturiasSpain
| | - José Casaña
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH‐RG), Department of PhysiotherapyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
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Andreato LV, Keech A, da Silva V, Francisco WW, Andrade A, Milani FT, de Souza Genta L, Branco BHM. Effects of the intensity of interval training on aerobic fitness, body composition and resting metabolic rate of women with overweight or obesity: A randomized trial. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-220067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) may be a viable exercise format for improving body composition, aerobic fitness, and health-related variables. OBJECTIVES: This randomized trial aimed to analyze the effect of MIIT or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on aerobic fitness, body composition variables, and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in women with overweight or obesity. METHODS: 31 sedentary adult women with overweight or obesity performed 7 weeks × 3 weekly sessions of either HIIT or MIIT. Physical and physiological tests were applied before and after training. RESULTS: In both analyses (intention-to-treat and by adherence to the training), aerobic fitness showed a time effect (p= 0.041 and p= 0.015), but without differences between groups (p> 0.05). No group (HIIT vs. MIIT), time (pre vs. post), or interaction effects (group vs. time) were found for RMR, body composition markers (fat mass, body fat percentage, lean mass), or body mass index – BMI (p> 0.05). In addition, MIIT induced a relatively high drop-out rate. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that the short-term (7-weeks) interval exercise training was effective for increasing aerobic fitness, and moderate-intensity intervals were as effective as high-intensity intervals. However, neither training format was effective for changing RMR, body composition variables, or BMI of women with overweight or obesity. Clinical trial ID: RBR-9jd7b7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Vidal Andreato
- Physical Education Department, State University of Santa Catarina,Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- School of Health Sciences, University of Amazonas State, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Andrew Keech
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sidney, Australia
| | - Valmir da Silva
- Physical Education Department, University Center of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandro Andrade
- Physical Education Department, State University of Santa Catarina,Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco
- Physical Education Department, University Center of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
- Medicine Department, University Center of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Cuenca-Martínez F, Sempere-Rubio N, Varangot-Reille C, Fernández-Carnero J, Suso-Martí L, Alba-Quesada P, Touche RL. Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with a Meta-Regression and Mapping Report. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2532. [PMID: 36292221 PMCID: PMC9601160 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to assess the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on patients with musculoskeletal disorders. We conducted a search of Medline, Embase, PEDro, and Google Scholar. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of HIIT on pain intensity, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), disability, and quality of life (QoL). We employed the GRADE and PEDro scales to rate the quality, certainty, and applicability of the evidence. Results showed significant differences in pain intensity, with a moderate clinical-effect (SMD = -0.73; 95% CI: -1.40--0.06), and in VO2 max, with a moderate clinical-effect (SMD = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.42-0.97). However, the meta-analysis showed no statistically significant results for disability (SMD = -0.34; 95% CI: -0.92-0.24) and QoL (SMD = 0.40; 95% CI: -0.80-1.60). We compared HIIT against other exercise models for reducing pain intensity and increasing VO2 max. The meta-analysis showed no significant differences in favour of HIIT. Meta-regression analysis revealed that pain intensity scores were negatively associated with VO2 max (R2 = 82.99%, p = 0.003). There is low-moderate evidence that the HIIT intervention for patients with musculoskeletal disorders can reduce pain intensity and increase VO2 max but has no effect on disability and QoL. Results also showed that HIIT was not superior to other exercise models in reducing pain intensity and increasing VO2 max.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Cuenca-Martínez
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Núria Sempere-Rubio
- UBIC, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Clovis Varangot-Reille
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Josué Fernández-Carnero
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933 Madrid, Spain
- Motion in Brains Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience and Sciences of the Movement (INCIMOV), Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Suso-Martí
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricio Alba-Quesada
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Roy La Touche
- Motion in Brains Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience and Sciences of the Movement (INCIMOV), Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencia y Dolor Craneofacial (INDCRAN), 28003 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Bonafiglia JT, Islam H, Preobrazenski N, Gurd BJ. Risk of bias and reporting practices in studies comparing VO 2max responses to sprint interval vs. continuous training: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:552-566. [PMID: 33722760 PMCID: PMC9532877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether studies comparing maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) response to sprint interval training (SIT) vs. moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) are associated with a high risk of bias and poor reporting quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of reporting in studies comparing changes in VO2max between SIT and MICT. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search of 4 major databases: AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE. Studies were excluded if participants were not healthy adult humans or if training protocols were unsupervised, lasted less than 2 weeks, or utilized mixed exercise modalities. We used the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the CONSORT checklist for non-pharmacological trials to evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality, respectively. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies with 30 comparisons (3 studies included 2 SIT groups) were included in our meta-analysis (n = 360 SIT participants: body mass index (BMI) = 25.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2, baseline VO2max = 37.9 ± 8.0 mL/kg/min; n = 359 MICT participants: BMI = 25.5 ± 3.8 kg/m2, baseline VO2max = 38.3 ± 8.0 mL/kg/min; all mean ± SD). All studies had an unclear risk of bias and poor reporting quality. CONCLUSION Although we observed a lack of superiority between SIT and MICT for improving VO2max (weighted Hedge's g = -0.004, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -0.08 to 0.07), the overall unclear risk of bias calls the validity of this conclusion into question. Future studies using robust study designs are needed to interrogate the possibility that SIT and MICT result in similar changes in VO2max.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Bonafiglia
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Hashim Islam
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Nicholas Preobrazenski
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Brendon J Gurd
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Normand-Gravier T, Britto F, Launay T, Renfree A, Toussaint JF, Desgorces FD. Exercise Dose Equalization in High-Intensity Interval Training: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19094980. [PMID: 35564375 PMCID: PMC9104727 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19094980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on comparisons to moderate continuous exercise (MICT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is becoming a worldwide trend in physical exercise. This raises methodological questions related to equalization of exercise dose when comparing protocols. The present scoping review aims to identify in the literature the evidence for protocol equalization and the soundness of methods used for it. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for original investigations comparing the effects of HIIT to MICT. A total of 2041 articles were identified, and 169 were included. Of these, 98 articles equalized protocols by utilizing energy-based methods or exercise volume (58 and 31 articles, respectively). No clear consensus for protocol equalization appears to have evolved over recent years. Prominent equalization methods consider the exercise dose (i.e., energy expenditure/production or total volume) in absolute values without considering the nonlinear nature of its relationship with duration. Exercises resulting from these methods induced maximal exertion in HIIT but low exertion in MICT. A key question is, therefore, whether exercise doses are best considered in absolute terms or relative to individual exercise maximums. If protocol equalization is accepted as an essential methodological prerequisite, it is hypothesized that comparison of program effects would be more accurate if exercise was quantified relative to intensity-related maximums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Normand-Gravier
- Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France; (T.N.-G.); (F.B.); (T.L.); (J.-F.T.)
- URP 7329-IRMES (Institute for Research in Medicine and Epidemiology of Sport), INSEP, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Florian Britto
- Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France; (T.N.-G.); (F.B.); (T.L.); (J.-F.T.)
- Institute Cochin, U1016 INSERM, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Launay
- Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France; (T.N.-G.); (F.B.); (T.L.); (J.-F.T.)
- Institute Cochin, U1016 INSERM, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Andrew Renfree
- School of Sport & Exercise Science, University of Worcester, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK;
| | - Jean-François Toussaint
- Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France; (T.N.-G.); (F.B.); (T.L.); (J.-F.T.)
- URP 7329-IRMES (Institute for Research in Medicine and Epidemiology of Sport), INSEP, 75012 Paris, France
- CIMS, Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, 75004 Paris, France
| | - François-Denis Desgorces
- Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France; (T.N.-G.); (F.B.); (T.L.); (J.-F.T.)
- URP 7329-IRMES (Institute for Research in Medicine and Epidemiology of Sport), INSEP, 75012 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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17
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Khalafi M, Ravasi AA, Malandish A, Rosenkranz SK. The impact of high-intensity interval training on postprandial glucose and insulin: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 186:109815. [PMID: 35271876 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on postprandial glucose (PPG) and insulin (PPI) versus non-exercise control and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in participants with both normal and impaired glucose. METHODS The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched up to October 2021 for randomized trials evaluating HIIT versus control and/or versus MICT on glucose and insulin AUC using oral glucose tolerance testing. Subgroup analyses based on intervention duration (short-duration < 8 weeks, moderate-duration ≥ 8 weeks), baseline glucose levels (normal glucose and impaired glucose) and type of HIIT (L-HIIT and SIT) were also conducted across included studies. RESULTS A total of 25 studies involving 870 participants were included in the current meta-analysis. HIIT effectively reduced glucose [-0.37 (95% CI -0.60 to -0.13), p = 0.002] and insulin [-0.36 (95% CI -0.68 to -0.04), p = 0.02] AUC when compared with a CON group. Reductions in glucose AUC were significant for those with impaired glucose at baseline (p = 0.03), but not for those with normal glucose levels (p = 0.11) and following moderate-duration (p = 0.01), but not short-duration interventions (p = 0.18). However, there were no differences in glucose (p = 0.76) or insulin (p = 0.43) AUC between HIIT and MICT intervention arms. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that both HIIT and MICT are effective for reducing postprandial glycemia and insulinemia, particularly by moderate-duration interventions, and in those with impaired glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Khalafi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Ali A Ravasi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Malandish
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sara K Rosenkranz
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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18
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Lu M, Li M, Yi L, Li F, Feng L, Ji T, Zang Y, Qiu J. Effects of 8-week High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Bone Metabolism in Sedentary Young Females. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:77-83. [PMID: 35096081 PMCID: PMC8762074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) have been reported as effective exercise modes on bone metabolism. However, very few studies focused on young women with sedentary behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8-week HIIT on bone metabolism in sedentary young women. Methods 26 healthy, sedentary female participants were randomly assigned to either the HIIT (n = 13, age 23.2 ± 2.9 yr, weight 59.2 ± 7.2 kg, height 162.9 ± 3.3 cm, body mass index 22.3 ± 2.7 kg/m2) or MICT (n = 13, age 21.9 ± 1.7 yr, weight 59.3 ± 6.6 kg, height 160.9 ± 4.4 cm, body mass index 21.6 ± 2.4 kg/m2) group. Both groups completed 8 weeks (3 sessions/week) of training on the treadmill, where the HIIT group were asked to complete 6 × 3-min bouts of running at the intensity of 80–90% maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) separated by 2-min active recovery at 30–40% VO2max and the MICT group completed 30-min continuous running at the intensity of 60–70% VO2max. The body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), calcaneus quantitative ultrasound, bone turnover markers, and lower limb muscle strength were measured pre and post interventions. Results After 8-week interventions, 1) The total body BMD (HIIT, +8.5%; MICT, +5.5%) significantly increased (p < 0.05) without difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The calcaneus broadband ultrasound attenuation (CBUA) (HIIT, +16.0%; MICT, +4.6%) and calcaneus stiffness index (CSI) (HIIT, +16.7%; MICT, +2.5%) significantly increased in HIIT group (p < 0.05), but not in MICT group (p > 0.05). 2) The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) (HIIT, +42.8%; MICT, +24.9%) level increased in both groups with significantly higher changes in HIIT (p < 0.05). 3) The score of standing long jump (HIIT, +10.3%; MICT, +3.8%) and vertical jump (HIIT, +5.3%; MICT, +2.0%) increased in both groups with significantly higher changes in HIIT (p < 0.05). Conclusions It suggested that 8-week HIIT and MICT interventions could improve bone metabolism. Compared with a similar workload of MICT, HIIT elicited superior benefits on bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Lu
- College of Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- College of Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Longyan Yi
- Institute of Sport and Health Sciences, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Feng
- College of Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Ji
- College of Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanpeng Zang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junqiang Qiu
- College of Sport Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author.
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Lan C, Liu Y, Wang Y. Effects of different exercise programs on cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in college students. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:62-69. [PMID: 35024049 PMCID: PMC8724869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of college students is showing a downward trend, this study aimed to explore the effects of three exercise programs on CRF and body composition indicators in college students. Methods A total of 50 non-smoking, healthy and physically inactive students were recruited from campus in Beijing, China, and randomly assigned to 4 groups: low-intensity continuous training with blood flow restriction (LICT-BFR, n = 13), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT, n = 13), high-intensity interval training (HIIT, n = 12), and no exercise control (n = 12), the intervention continued for 8 weeks. Body composition and aerobic capacity were measured before and after the intervention. Results Exercise groups reached significant improvements in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max, p < 0.01) and a decrease in body fat percentage (p < 0.05) comparing to the control group. The fat mass and visceral fat area reduced significantly (p < 0.05) with a muscle mass growth (p < 0.05) in the LICT-BFR and MICT groups comparing to the control group. Changes of fat and muscle mass were trivial in the HIIT group (p = 0.842, p = 0.247). Conclusion All three exercise programs can improve the CRF of college students, with LICT-BFR has the most profound effects, and MICT is more beneficial for body composition improvement than other programs. From an overall perspective, LICT-BFR should be the ideal choice, however, due to limited equipment, college students can choose MICT or HIIT according to their situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lan
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Gropper H, Mattioni Maturana F, Nieß AM, Thiel A. Does Becoming Fit Mean Feeling (f)it? A Comparison of Physiological and Experiential Fitness Data From the iReAct Study. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:729090. [PMID: 34541523 PMCID: PMC8440924 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.729090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise fosters fitness-enhancing benefits. We assume that exercise interventions become successful and sustainable if physiological benefits of exercise are also subjectively perceivable. The goal of this study was to examine how young inactive adults physiologically respond to an exercise intervention and how those responses are subjectively experienced. Furthermore, we aimed to assess whether the sequence of two distinct endurance-based exercise modes has an impact on physiological and subjectively experienced physical fitness. Thirty-one young inactive adults were assessed for this substudy of the larger iReAct study. Participants were randomly assigned to a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or a moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) group for 6 weeks and subsequently switched groups for a second training period. Physiological fitness data was collected at baseline, follow-up I, and follow-up II using a graded cardiopulmonary exercise test. Subjectively reconstructed (i.e., retrospective constructions) experiences relating to physical fitness were assessed at follow-up II using a biographical mapping method. A repeated-measures one-way ANOVA on each training group was performed to see whether physiological and subjectively experienced fitness differed across training periods. The rate of change between all variables was calculated for the first and the second training period in order to compare the agreement between physiological and subjective fitness improvements. Participants increased their fitness across the intervention period both physiologically and subjectively. However, the rate of change depended on the sequence of the two training modes. While VO2max increased significantly in both training periods in the MICT-HIIT sequence, a significant increase in VO2max in the HIIT-MICT sequence was only observed in the HIIT period. Participants similarly perceived those increases subjectively in their exercise-related physical fitness, although they experienced a significant decrease in the second period of the HIIT-MICT sequence. For subjectively perceived physical fitness relating to everyday activities, significant increases were only observed for the first period of the MICT-HIIT sequence. Young inactive adults can improve both their physiological and their subjectively perceived fitness through regular exercise. However, exercise modes and their sequence can make a substantial difference regarding measured and perceived physical fitness. Additionally, despite a favorable tendency toward HIIT over MICT, inter- and intra-individual variability, particularly in the subjective experiences of fitness, reiterates the necessity of individualized approaches to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Gropper
- Department of Social and Public Health Sciences, Institute of Sport Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felipe Mattioni Maturana
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas M Nieß
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Department of Social and Public Health Sciences, Institute of Sport Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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21
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Andreato LV, Andrade A, Esteves JV. Why equalising HIIT and MICT is important: attention to methodological details. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:657-658. [PMID: 33906821 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Vidal Andreato
- Sport and Exercise Psychology Laboratory (LAPE), State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Alexandro Andrade
- Sport and Exercise Psychology Laboratory (LAPE), State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - João Victor Esteves
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Maturana FM, Schellhorn P, Erz G, Burgstahler C, Widmann M, Munz B, Soares RN, Murias JM, Thiel A, Nieß AM. Individual cardiovascular responsiveness to work-matched exercise within the moderate- and severe-intensity domains. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2039-2059. [PMID: 33811557 PMCID: PMC8192395 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the cardiovascular individual response to 6 weeks (3×/week) of work-matched within the severe-intensity domain (high-intensity interval training, HIIT) or moderate-intensity domain (moderate-intensity continuous training, MICT). In addition, we analyzed the cardiovascular factors at baseline underlying the response variability. Methods 42 healthy sedentary participants were randomly assigned to HIIT or MICT. We applied the region of practical equivalence-method for identifying the levels of responders to the maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) response. For investigating the influence of cardiovascular markers, we trained a Bayesian machine learning model on cardiovascular markers. Results Despite that HIIT and MICT induced significant increases in V̇O2max, HIIT had greater improvements than MICT (p < 0.001). Greater variability was observed in MICT, with approximately 50% classified as “non-responder” and “undecided”. 20 “responders”, one “undecided” and no “non-responders” were observed in HIIT. The variability in the ∆V̇O2max was associated with initial cardiorespiratory fitness, arterial stiffness, and left-ventricular (LV) mass and LV end-diastolic diameter in HIIT; whereas, microvascular responsiveness and right-ventricular (RV) excursion velocity showed a significant association in MICT. Conclusion Our findings highlight the critical influence of exercise-intensity domains and biological variability on the individual V̇O2max response. The incidence of “non-responders” in MICT was one third of the group; whereas, no “non-responders” were observed in HIIT. The incidence of “responders” was 11 out of 21 participants in MICT, and 20 out of 21 participants in HIIT. The response in HIIT showed associations with baseline fitness, arterial stiffness, and LV-morphology; whereas, it was associated with RV systolic function in MICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Mattioni Maturana
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Philipp Schellhorn
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Erz
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Widmann
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Munz
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Juan M Murias
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas M Nieß
- Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Khalafi M, Symonds ME. The impact of high intensity interval training on liver fat content in overweight or obese adults: A meta-analysis. Physiol Behav 2021; 236:113416. [PMID: 33823178 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Liver fat is a marker of the metabolic derangements associated with obesity for which exercise training is a potential therapy. We therefore performed a systematic meta-analysis to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on liver fat content in overweight or obese adults with metabolic disorders. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane were searched up to October 2020 for HIIT vs. Control (CON) or HIIT vs. moderate intensity interval training (MICT) studies on liver fat content in overweight and obese individuals with metabolic disorders. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Ten studies involving 333 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Based on studies that directly compared HIIT and CON (6 studies), HIIT was beneficial for promoting a reduction in liver fat [-0.51 (95% CI: -0.85 to -0.17), p = 0.003]. However, there were no significant evidence for an effect of HIIT on liver fat [-0.07 (95% CI: -0.33 to 0.19), p = 0.59], when compared with MICT (7 studies). These results suggest that a HIIT could induce improvements in liver fat of overweight and obese adults with metabolic disorders despite no weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Khalafi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Michael E Symonds
- The Early Life Research Unit, Academic Division of Child Health and Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre and Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
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Effects of 4 Weeks of a Technique-Specific Protocol with High-Intensity Intervals on General and Specific Physical Fitness in Taekwondo Athletes: An Inter-Individual Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073643. [PMID: 33807435 PMCID: PMC8037394 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to compare the effects of a technique-specific high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol vs. traditional taekwondo training on physical fitness and body composition in taekwondo athletes, as well as to analyse the inter-individual response. Utilising a parallel controlled design, sixteen male and female athletes (five females and 11 males) were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) that participated in the technique-specific HIIT and a control group (CG) that participated in traditional taekwondo training. Both groups trained three days/week for four weeks. Squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 5-metre sprint (5M), 20-metre shuttle run (20MSR), taekwondo specific agility test (TSAT), multiple frequency speed of kick test (FSKTMULT), total kicks, and kick decrement index (KDI), as well as body composition were evaluated. Results indicate that there are no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the factors group and time factor and group by time interaction (p > 0.05). Although percentage and effect size increases were documented for post-intervention fitness components in TSAT, total kicks, KDI, and 20MSR, responders and non-responders were also documented. In conclusion, a HIIT protocol based on taekwondo-specific technical movements does not report significant differences in fitness and body composition compared to traditional taekwondo training, nor inter-individual differences between athletes.
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Vollaard NBJ, Metcalfe RS. Those Apples Don't Taste Like Oranges! Why 'Equalising' HIIT and MICT Protocols Does Not Make Sense. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:131-132. [PMID: 33419707 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels B J Vollaard
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Richard S Metcalfe
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
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