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Schiefer S, Hale BG. Proximal protein landscapes of the type I interferon signaling cascade reveal negative regulation by PJA2. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4484. [PMID: 38802340 PMCID: PMC11130243 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the intricate dynamic events governing type I interferon (IFN) signaling is critical to unravel key regulatory mechanisms in host antiviral defense. Here, we leverage TurboID-based proximity labeling coupled with affinity purification-mass spectrometry to comprehensively map the proximal human proteomes of all seven canonical type I IFN signaling cascade members under basal and IFN-stimulated conditions. This uncovers a network of 103 high-confidence proteins in close proximity to the core members IFNAR1, IFNAR2, JAK1, TYK2, STAT1, STAT2, and IRF9, and validates several known constitutive protein assemblies, while also revealing novel stimulus-dependent and -independent associations between key signaling molecules. Functional screening further identifies PJA2 as a negative regulator of IFN signaling via its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Mechanistically, PJA2 interacts with TYK2 and JAK1, promotes their non-degradative ubiquitination, and limits the activating phosphorylation of TYK2 thereby restraining downstream STAT signaling. Our high-resolution proximal protein landscapes provide global insights into the type I IFN signaling network, and serve as a valuable resource for future exploration of its functional complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Schiefer
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH and University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin G Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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2
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Aoki A, Iwamura C, Kiuchi M, Tsuji K, Sasaki A, Hishiya T, Hirasawa R, Kokubo K, Kuriyama S, Onodera A, Shimada T, Nagaoka T, Ishikawa S, Kojima A, Mito H, Hase R, Kasahara Y, Kuriyama N, Nakamura S, Urushibara T, Kaneda S, Sakao S, Nishida O, Takahashi K, Kimura MY, Motohashi S, Igari H, Ikehara Y, Nakajima H, Suzuki T, Hanaoka H, Nakada TA, Kikuchi T, Nakayama T, Yokote K, Hirahara K. Suppression of Type I Interferon Signaling in Myeloid Cells by Autoantibodies in Severe COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:104. [PMID: 38647550 PMCID: PMC11035476 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01708-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Auto-antibodies (auto-abs) to type I interferons (IFNs) have been identified in patients with life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), suggesting that the presence of auto-abs may be a risk factor for disease severity. We therefore investigated the mechanism underlying COVID-19 exacerbation induced by auto-abs to type I IFNs. METHODS We evaluated plasma from 123 patients with COVID-19 to measure auto-abs to type I IFNs. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the patients with auto-abs and conducted epitope mapping of the auto-abs. RESULTS Three of 19 severe and 4 of 42 critical COVID-19 patients had neutralizing auto-abs to type I IFNs. Patients with auto-abs to type I IFNs showed no characteristic clinical features. scRNA-seq from 38 patients with COVID-19 revealed that IFN signaling in conventional dendritic cells and canonical monocytes was attenuated, and SARS-CoV-2-specific BCR repertoires were decreased in patients with auto-abs. Furthermore, auto-abs to IFN-α2 from COVID-19 patients with auto-abs recognized characteristic epitopes of IFN-α2, which binds to the receptor. CONCLUSION Auto-abs to type I IFN found in COVID-19 patients inhibited IFN signaling in dendritic cells and monocytes by blocking the binding of type I IFN to its receptor. The failure to properly induce production of an antibody to SARS-CoV-2 may be a causative factor of COVID-19 severity.
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Grants
- (S) 26221305 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- (B) 20H03685 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- (C) 17K08876 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- (C) 18K07164 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- 19K16683 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- (B) JP21H05120 Transformative Research Areas
- (B) JP21H05121 Transformative Research Areas
- JP21ek0410060 Practical Research Project for Allergic Diseases and Immunology (Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED
- JP21ek0410082 Practical Research Project for Allergic Diseases and Immunology (Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED
- JP19ek0410045 Practical Research Project for Allergic Diseases and Immunology (Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED
- JP20gm6110005 AMED-PRIME
- JP21gm1210003 AMED-CREST
- JPMJFR200R JST FOREST Project
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- Transformative Research Areas
- Practical Research Project for Allergic Diseases and Immunology (Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED
- JST FOREST Project
- Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
- MSD Life Science Foundation, Public Interest Incorporated Foundation
- Japanese Respiratory Foundation
- Takeda Science Foundation
- The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, Grant for Clinical Research Promotion
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Aoki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Chiaki Iwamura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kaori Tsuji
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takahisa Hishiya
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Rui Hirasawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kota Kokubo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kuriyama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tadanaga Shimada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Nagaoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | | | - Akira Kojima
- Funabashi Central Hospital, Chiba, 273-8556, Japan
| | - Haruki Mito
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, 286-0041, Japan
| | - Ryota Hase
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, 286-0041, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kasahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, 283-8686, Japan
| | - Naohide Kuriyama
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | | | | | - Satoru Kaneda
- Department of Gastroenterology, NHO Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, 260-8606, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sakao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Chiba, 286-8520, Japan
| | - Osamu Nishida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Motoko Y Kimura
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Igari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
- COVID-19 Vaccine Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ikehara
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- COVID-19 Vaccine Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hideki Hanaoka
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Nakada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
- AMED-CREST, AMED, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
- AMED-CREST, AMED, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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3
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Achleitner M, Mair NK, Dänhardt J, Kardashi R, Puhan MA, Abela IA, Toepfner N, de With K, Kanczkowski W, Jarzebska N, Rodionov RN, Wolf C, Lee-Kirsch MA, Steenblock C, Hale BG, Bornstein SR. Absence of Type I Interferon Autoantibodies or Significant Interferon Signature Alterations in Adults With Post-COVID-19 Syndrome. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofad641. [PMID: 38179103 PMCID: PMC10766412 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic defects in the interferon (IFN) system or neutralizing autoantibodies against type I IFNs contribute to severe COVID-19. Such autoantibodies were proposed to affect post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), possibly causing persistent fatigue for >12 weeks after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the current study, we investigated 128 patients with PCS, 21 survivors of severe COVID-19, and 38 individuals who were asymptomatic. We checked for autoantibodies against IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-ω. Few patients with PCS had autoantibodies against IFNs but with no neutralizing activity, indicating a limited role of type I IFNs in PCS pathogenesis. In a subset consisting of 28 patients with PCS, we evaluated IFN-stimulated gene activity and showed that it did not correlate with fatigue. In conclusion, impairment of the type I IFN system is unlikely responsible for adult PCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Achleitner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nina K Mair
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Dänhardt
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Romina Kardashi
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Milo A Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irene A Abela
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Toepfner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja de With
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Waldemar Kanczkowski
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Natalia Jarzebska
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Roman N Rodionov
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christine Wolf
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Min Ae Lee-Kirsch
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Charlotte Steenblock
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Benjamin G Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Bastard P, Vazquez SE, Liu J, Laurie MT, Wang CY, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Bizien L, Zamecnik C, Philippot Q, Rosain J, Catherinot E, Willmore A, Mitchell AM, Bair R, Garçon P, Kenney H, Fekkar A, Salagianni M, Poulakou G, Siouti E, Sahanic S, Tancevski I, Weiss G, Nagl L, Manry J, Duvlis S, Arroyo-Sánchez D, Paz Artal E, Rubio L, Perani C, Bezzi M, Sottini A, Quaresima V, Roussel L, Vinh DC, Reyes LF, Garzaro M, Hatipoglu N, Boutboul D, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Borghesi A, Aliberti A, Cassaniti I, Venet F, Monneret G, Halwani R, Sharif-Askari NS, Danielson J, Burrel S, Morbieu C, Stepanovskyy Y, Bondarenko A, Volokha A, Boyarchuk O, Gagro A, Neuville M, Neven B, Keles S, Hernu R, Bal A, Novelli A, Novelli G, Saker K, Ailioaie O, Antolí A, Jeziorski E, Rocamora-Blanch G, Teixeira C, Delaunay C, Lhuillier M, Le Turnier P, Zhang Y, Mahevas M, Pan-Hammarström Q, Abolhassani H, Bompoil T, Dorgham K, Gorochov G, Laouenan C, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Ng LFP, Renia L, Pujol A, Belot A, Raffi F, Allende LM, Martinez-Picado J, Ozcelik T, Imberti L, Notarangelo LD, Troya J, Solanich X, Zhang SY, Puel A, Wilson MR, Trouillet-Assant S, Abel L, Jouanguy E, Ye CJ, Cobat A, Thompson LM, Andreakos E, Zhang Q, Anderson MS, Casanova JL, DeRisi JL. Vaccine breakthrough hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabp8966. [PMID: 35857576 PMCID: PMC9210448 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abp8966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Life-threatening "breakthrough" cases of critical COVID-19 are attributed to poor or waning antibody (Ab) response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in individuals already at risk. Preexisting auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs underlie at least 15% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases in unvaccinated individuals; their contribution to hypoxemic breakthrough cases in vaccinated people is unknown. We studied a cohort of 48 individuals (aged 20 to 86 years) who received two doses of a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine and developed a breakthrough infection with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia 2 weeks to 4 months later. Ab levels to the vaccine, neutralization of the virus, and auto-Abs to type I IFNs were measured in the plasma. Forty-two individuals had no known deficiency of B cell immunity and a normal Ab response to the vaccine. Among them, 10 (24%) had auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs (aged 43 to 86 years). Eight of these 10 patients had auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, whereas two neutralized IFN-ω only. No patient neutralized IFN-β. Seven neutralized type I IFNs at 10 ng/ml and three at 100 pg/ml only. Seven patients neutralized SARS-CoV-2 D614G and Delta efficiently, whereas one patient neutralized Delta slightly less efficiently. Two of the three patients neutralizing only type I IFNs at 100 pg/ml neutralized both D614G and Delta less efficiently. Despite two mRNA vaccine inoculations and the presence of circulating Abs capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs may underlie a notable proportion of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia cases, highlighting the importance of this particularly vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sara E Vazquez
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Tetrad Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jamin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- University of California, Berkeley-University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew T Laurie
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Chung Yu Wang
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Colin Zamecnik
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Rebecca Bair
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pierre Garçon
- Intensive Care Unit, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien Site de Marne-la-Vallée, Jossigny, France
| | - Heather Kenney
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arnaud Fekkar
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Maria Salagianni
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Garyphallia Poulakou
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, "Sotiria" General Hospital of Chest Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Siouti
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laurenz Nagl
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jérémy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sotirija Duvlis
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University "Goce Delchev", Stip, Republic of North Macedonia
- Institute of Public Health, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Daniel Arroyo-Sánchez
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) and Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Paz Artal
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) and Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Rubio
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | | | - Alessandra Sottini
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Virginia Quaresima
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Luis Felipe Reyes
- Department of Microbiology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Clínica Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Margaux Garzaro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Nevin Hatipoglu
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - David Boutboul
- Department of Immunology, Saint-Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- INSERM UMR 1137 IAME, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 1272 Hypoxie and Poumon, Bobigny, France
- Pneumology and Infectiology Department, CH Saint Denis, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Alessandro Borghesi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Aliberti
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Rianimazione I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Irene Cassaniti
- Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabienne Venet
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
- EA 7426, Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot-BioMérieux, Lyon, France
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
- EA 7426, Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot-BioMérieux, Lyon, France
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jeffrey Danielson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sonia Burrel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Morbieu
- Internal Medicine Department, Louis Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Alla Volokha
- Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Boyarchuk
- Department of Children's Diseases and Pediatric Surgery, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Alenka Gagro
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Medical Faculty Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Bénédicte Neven
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology Immunology and Rheumatology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Romain Hernu
- Service des Urgences, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Antonin Bal
- Laboratoire de virologie, Institut Agent Infectieux, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Kahina Saker
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bio Mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France; and International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Oana Ailioaie
- Service de Génétique, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, AP-HP, Garches, France
| | - Arnau Antolí
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- General Pediatric Department, PCCEI, CeRéMAIA, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gemma Rocamora-Blanch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Teixeira
- Unidade de Infeciologia e Imunodeficiências, Centro Materno-infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Clarisse Delaunay
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nantes, and INSERM UIC 1413, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Marine Lhuillier
- Geriatric Department, CHU Nantes, Hopital Bellier, Nantes, France
| | - Paul Le Turnier
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nantes, and INSERM UIC 1413, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthieu Mahevas
- Necker Enfants Malades Institute (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Departement of Internal Medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris-Est Créteil University (UPEC), Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Team 2, Mondor Biomedical Research Institute (IMRB), Paris-Est Créteil University (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Thierry Bompoil
- Biologie/Pathologie, CHU-Nantes-Hôtel Dieu, Institut de Biologie, Nantes, France
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
- Département d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Laouenan
- INSERM UMR 1137 IAME, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, IAME UMR-S 1137, INSERM, Paris, France
- Département Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Lisa F P Ng
- A*STAR Infectious Disease Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Laurent Renia
- A*STAR Infectious Disease Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, IDIBELL-Hospital Duran i Reynals, CIBERER U759, and Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bio Mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France; and International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France; National Referee Centre for Rheumatic, and Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), Lyon, France; and Immunopathology Federation LIFE, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François Raffi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nantes, and INSERM UIC 1413, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Luis M Allende
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) and Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute and Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Center for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jesus Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Solanich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; and International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chun Jimmie Ye
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leslie M Thompson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark S Anderson
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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5
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Roussel L, Pham-Huy A, Yu AC, Venkateswaran S, Perez A, Bourdel G, Sun Y, Villavicencio ST, Bernier S, Li Y, Kazimerczak-Brunet M, Alattar R, Déry MA, Shapiro AJ, Penner J, Vinh DC. A Novel Homozygous Mutation Causing Complete TYK2 Deficiency, with Severe Respiratory Viral Infections, EBV-Driven Lymphoma, and Jamestown Canyon Viral Encephalitis. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:2011-2021. [PMID: 37695435 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) deficiency is characterized by susceptibility to mycobacterial and viral infections. Here, we report a 4-year-old female with severe respiratory viral infections, EBV-driven Burkitt-like lymphoma, and infection with the neurotropic Jamestown Canyon virus. A novel, homozygous c.745C > T (p.R249*) variant was found in TYK2. The deleterious effects of the TYK2 lesion were confirmed by immunoblotting; by evaluating functional responses to IFN-α/β, IL-10, and IL-23; and by assessing its scaffolding effect on the cell surface expression of cytokine receptor subunits. The effects of the mutation could not be pharmacologically circumvented in vitro, suggesting that alternative modalities, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or gene therapy, may be needed. We characterize the first patient from Canada with a novel homozygous mutation in TYK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Roussel
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Anne Pham-Huy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea C Yu
- Division of Metabolics and Newborn Screening, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sunita Venkateswaran
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Perez
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourdel
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Yichun Sun
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Stephanya Tellez Villavicencio
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bernier
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Yongbiao Li
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Makayla Kazimerczak-Brunet
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Rolan Alattar
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Marc-André Déry
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Adam J Shapiro
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Justin Penner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Qikiqtani General Hospital, Iqaluit, NT, Canada
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Centre of Excellence for Genetic Research in Infection and Immunity, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Block E, Rm EM3-3230 (Mail Drop: EM3-3211), Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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6
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Ren Q, Feng Y. A therapy that modulates T lymphocyte subsets in patients infected with Epstein-Barr virus: Ganciclovir combined with interferon atomization inhalation. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34946. [PMID: 37653833 PMCID: PMC10470752 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of ganciclovir combined with interferon atomization inhalation on T lymphocyte subsets in patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and its efficacy. Fifty patients with EBV infection who received ganciclovir combined with interferon atomization inhalation were selected as the observation group, and 50 healthy people were selected as the control group. The changes of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry before treatment and at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th cycle after treatment. Before treatment, the CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ indexes of the patients were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < .05), and the CD8+ level was significantly increased (P < .05). After one cycle of treatment, there was no significant difference in the changes of T lymphocyte subsets compared with those before treatment. After 2 and 3 cycles of treatment, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ values were higher than those before treatment (P > .05), and CD8+ index was lower than that before treatment (P < .05). After the 4th cycle of treatment, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ values were significantly improved (P < .05), and CD8+ index was significantly decreased (P < .05). Ganciclovir combined with interferon atomization inhalation can regulate the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with EBV infection, improve the patient's condition, and has no obvious adverse reactions. Monitoring the changes of T lymphocyte subsets during treatment is more meaningful to predict the therapeutic effect of patients with EB virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingguo Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xiangdu District, Xingtai City, China
| | - Yanli Feng
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xiangdu District, Xingtai City, China
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7
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Clancy Am R. The Common Mucosal System Fifty Years on: From Cell Traffic in the Rabbit to Immune Resilience to SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Shifting Risk within Normal and Disease Populations. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1251. [PMID: 37515066 PMCID: PMC10383628 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The idea of a common mucosal immune system (CMS) is 50 years old. Its relevance to immune protection at mucosal sites and its potential to modulate the impact of vaccination-induced protection against infection of the airway has been poorly understood. The consequent failure of the current SARS-CoV-2 vaccination to satisfy expectations with respect to prevention of infection, viral transmission, duration of protection, and pattern of clinical protection, led to public health and medical decisions now under review. This review summarises knowledge of the CMS in man, including the powerful role it plays in immune protection and lessons with respect to what can and cannot be achieved by systemic and mucosal vaccination for the prevention of airway infection. The powerful impact in both health and disease of optimising delivery of immune protection using selected isolates from the respiratory microbiome is demonstrated through a review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in subjects with chronic airway disease, and in otherwise healthy individuals with risk factors, in whom the idea of mucosal immune resilience is introduced. This review is dedicated to two giants of mucosal immunology: Professors John Bienenstock and Allan Cripps. Their recent deaths are keenly felt by their colleagues and students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Clancy Am
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle 2000, Australia
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8
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Geppe NA, Zaplatnikov AL, Kondyurina EG, Chepurnaya MM, Kolosova NG. The Common Cold and Influenza in Children: To Treat or Not to Treat? Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040858. [PMID: 37110281 PMCID: PMC10146091 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The common cold, which is mostly caused by respiratory viruses and clinically represented by the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) with mainly upper respiratory tract involvement, is an important problem in pediatric practice. Due to the high prevalence, socio-economic burden, and lack of effective prevention measures (except for influenza and, partially, RSV infection), ARVI require strong medical attention. The purpose of this descriptive literature review was to analyze the current practical approaches to the treatment of ARVI to facilitate the choice of therapy in routine practice. This descriptive overview includes information on the causative agents of ARVI. Special attention is paid to the role of interferon gamma as a cytokine with antiviral and immunomodulatory effects on the pathogenesis of ARVI. Modern approaches to the treatment of ARVI, including antiviral, pathogenesis-directed and symptomatic therapy are presented. The emphasis is on the use of antibody-based drugs in the immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy of ARVI. The data presented in this review allow us to conclude that a modern, balanced and evidence-based approach to the choice of ARVI treatment in children should be used in clinical practice. The published results of clinical trials and systematic reviews with meta-analyses of ARVI in children allow us to conclude that it is possible and expedient to use broad-spectrum antiviral drugs in complex therapy. This approach can provide an adequate response of the child’s immune system to the virus without limiting the clinical possibilities of using only symptomatic therapy.
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Chen B, Cao J, Liu W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang M, Xiao F, Ma J, Wang J, Zhang X. Disturbed gut virome with potent interferonogenic property in systemic lupus erythematosus. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:295-304. [PMID: 36697300 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests an essential role of disturbed gut microbiota in the etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but it remains unclear as to gut virome. In this study, fecal virus-like particles (VLPs) isolated from 76 non-treated SLE patients and 75 healthy controls were subjected to gut virome profiling. The proportion of bacteriophages was significantly elevated in the SLE gut, and the altered viral taxa were correlated with clinical parameters. Gut virome and bacteriome were closely associated with each other in SLE patients. The combination of gut viral and bacterial markers displayed better performance in distinguishing SLE patients from healthy controls. Further, VLPs from non-treated SLE patients promoted interferon-α production in an epithelial cell line and human immune cells. Intriguingly, the interferon-stimulatory capacity diminished in VLPs from post-treated SLE patients. Our findings may shed novel insights into SLE pathogenesis. Further in-depth understanding of gut virome might help develop future biomarkers and therapeutics for SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beidi Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiabao Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jie Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
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10
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Hartiala M, Lahti E, Toivonen L, Waris M, Ruuskanen O, Peltola V. Biomarkers of viral and bacterial infection in rhinovirus pneumonia. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1137777. [PMID: 37009280 PMCID: PMC10050547 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1137777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rhinovirus (RV) is often detected in children hospitalized with pneumonia, but the role of RV in causing pneumonia is still unclear. Methods White blood cell count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) levels were determined from blood samples in children (n = 24) hospitalized with radiologically verified pneumonia. Respiratory viruses were identified from nasal swabs by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. Among RV-positive children, the cycle threshold value, RV subtyping by sequence analysis, and the clearance of RV by weekly nasal swabs were determined. RV-positive children with pneumonia were compared to other virus-positive children with pneumonia, and to children (n = 13) with RV-positive upper respiratory tract infection from a separate earlier study. Results RV was detected in 6 children and other viruses in 10 children with pneumonia (viral co-detections excluded). All RV-positive children with pneumonia had high white blood cell counts, plasma C-reactive protein or procalcitonin levels, or alveolar changes in chest radiograph strongly indicating bacterial infection. The median cycle threshold value for RV was low (23.2) indicating a high RV load, and a rapid clearance of RV was observed in all. Blood level of viral biomarker MxA was lower among RV-positive children with pneumonia (median 100 μg/L) than among other virus-positive children with pneumonia (median 495 μg/L, p = 0.034) or children with RV-positive upper respiratory tract infection (median 620 μg/L, p = 0.011). Conclusions Our observations suggest a true viral-bacterial coinfection in RV-positive pneumonia. Low MxA levels in RV-associated pneumonia need further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hartiala
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: Maria Hartiala
| | - Elina Lahti
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Child and Adolescent Clinic, City of Turku Welfare Division, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Toivonen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Waris
- Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Ruuskanen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Peltola
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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11
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Abstract
Here, Fernbach and Hale comment on a new PLOS Biology article that describes how receptor-decorated decoys are an effective feature of the body’s own innate immune arsenal of antiviral weapons against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Fernbach
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin G. Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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12
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Mair NK, Hale BG. Ultra-Rare BRD9 Loss-of-Function Variants Limit the Antiviral Action of Interferon. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15360. [PMID: 36100643 PMCID: PMC9468519 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19648-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human type I interferon (IFN) system is central to innate immune defense, and is essential to protect individuals against severe viral disease. Consequently, genetic disruption of IFN signaling or effector mechanisms is extremely rare, as affected individuals typically suffer life-threatening infections at an early age. While loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in canonical JAK-STAT signaling genes (such as IFNAR2, TYK2, STAT1, STAT2 and IRF9) have previously been characterized, little is known about the consequences of mutations in other human factors required for IFN signaling. Here, we studied the impact of rare human genetic variants in the recently identified contributor to IFN-stimulated gene expression and antiviral activity, bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9). Using a cell-based BRD9 knock-out and reconstitution model system, we functionally assessed 12 rare human BRD9 missense variants predicted to impair protein function, as well as 3 ultra-rare human BRD9 LOF variants that lead to truncated versions of BRD9. As compared to wild-type BRD9, none of the 12 BRD9 missense variants affected the ability of exogenous IFN to limit virus replication. In contrast, all 3 truncated BRD9 LOF variants failed to allow exogenous IFN to function efficiently, as evidenced by exacerbated replication of an IFN-sensitive virus and diminished IFN-stimulated gene expression. Thus, while no homozygous BRD9 LOF carriers have yet been identified, our results predict that such extremely rare individuals would exhibit a compromised ability to mount a fully protective IFN-mediated antiviral response. Genetic variation in BRD9 could be considered in future studies to understand the infection susceptibility of some individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina K Mair
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH and University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin G Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Platelet proteome reveals features of cell death, antiviral response and viral replication in covid-19. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:324. [PMID: 35842415 PMCID: PMC9287722 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected over 400 million people worldwide, leading to 6 million deaths. Among the complex symptomatology of COVID-19, hypercoagulation and thrombosis have been described to directly contribute to lethality, pointing out platelets as an important SARS-CoV-2 target. In this work, we explored the platelet proteome of COVID-19 patients through a label-free shotgun proteomics approach to identify platelet responses to infection, as well as validation experiments in a larger patient cohort. Exclusively detected proteins (EPs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in the proteomic dataset and thus classified into biological processes to map pathways correlated with pathogenesis. Significant changes in the expression of proteins related to platelet activation, cell death, and antiviral response through interferon type-I were found in all patients. Since the outcome of COVID-19 varies highly among individuals, we also performed a cross-comparison of proteins found in survivors and nonsurvivors. Proteins belonging to the translation pathway were strongly highlighted in the nonsurvivor group. Moreover, the SARS-CoV-2 genome was fully sequenced in platelets from five patients, indicating viral internalization and preprocessing, with CD147 as a potential entry route. In summary, platelets play a significant role in COVID-19 pathogenesis via platelet activation, antiviral response, and disease severity.
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14
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Critically ill COVID-19 patients with neutralizing autoantibodies against type I interferons have increased risk of herpesvirus disease. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001709. [PMID: 35788562 PMCID: PMC9286229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies neutralizing the antiviral action of type I interferons (IFNs) have been associated with predisposition to severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we screened for such autoantibodies in 103 critically ill COVID-19 patients in a tertiary intensive care unit (ICU) in Switzerland. Eleven patients (10.7%), but no healthy donors, had neutralizing anti-IFNα or anti-IFNα/anti-IFNω IgG in plasma/serum, but anti-IFN IgM or IgA was rare. One patient had non-neutralizing anti-IFNα IgG. Strikingly, all patients with plasma anti-IFNα IgG also had anti-IFNα IgG in tracheobronchial secretions, identifying these autoantibodies at anatomical sites relevant for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Longitudinal analyses revealed patient heterogeneity in terms of increasing, decreasing, or stable anti-IFN IgG levels throughout the length of hospitalization. Notably, presence of anti-IFN autoantibodies in this critically ill COVID-19 cohort appeared to predict herpesvirus disease (caused by herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/-2) and/or cytomegalovirus (CMV)), which has been linked to worse clinical outcomes. Indeed, all 7 tested COVID-19 patients with anti-IFN IgG in our cohort (100%) suffered from one or more herpesviruses, and analysis revealed that these patients were more likely to experience CMV than COVID-19 patients without anti-IFN autoantibodies, even when adjusting for age, gender, and systemic steroid treatment (odds ratio (OR) 7.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14 to 46.31, p = 0.036). As the IFN system deficiency caused by neutralizing anti-IFN autoantibodies likely directly and indirectly exacerbates the likelihood of latent herpesvirus reactivations in critically ill patients, early diagnosis of anti-IFN IgG could be rapidly used to inform risk-group stratification and treatment options. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04410263. Autoantibodies that neutralize the antiviral action of type I interferons are associated with predisposition to severe COVID-19. This study shows that this deficiency in the interferon system is associated with a heightened risk of herpesvirus disease in critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
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15
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The protective effect of Tilia amurensis honey on influenza A virus infection through stimulation of interferon-mediated IFITM3 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113259. [PMID: 35717782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, attention has focused on the prevention and treatment of respiratory viruses including influenza viruses. We evaluated the antiviral effect of Tilia amurensis honey (TH) against influenza A virus in murine macrophages. Influenza A virus infection was reduced following pretreatment with TH. Pretreatment of murine macrophages with TH increased the production and secretion of type-1 interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines and increased phosphorylation of the type-1 IFN-related proteins, TANK-binding kinase (TBK), and STAT. Moreover, TH increased the expression of IFN-stimulating genes and increased the expression of IFN-inducible transmembrane (IFITM3), a protein that interferes with virus replication and entry. Taken together, these findings suggest that TH suppresses influenza A virus infection by regulating the innate immune response in macrophages. This supports the development of preventive and therapeutic agents for influenza A virus and enhances the economic value of TH.
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16
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Seneff S, Nigh G, Kyriakopoulos AM, McCullough PA. Innate immune suppression by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations: The role of G-quadruplexes, exosomes, and MicroRNAs. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 164:113008. [PMID: 35436552 PMCID: PMC9012513 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were brought to market in response to the public health crises of Covid-19. The utilization of mRNA vaccines in the context of infectious disease has no precedent. The many alterations in the vaccine mRNA hide the mRNA from cellular defenses and promote a longer biological half-life and high production of spike protein. However, the immune response to the vaccine is very different from that to a SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this paper, we present evidence that vaccination induces a profound impairment in type I interferon signaling, which has diverse adverse consequences to human health. Immune cells that have taken up the vaccine nanoparticles release into circulation large numbers of exosomes containing spike protein along with critical microRNAs that induce a signaling response in recipient cells at distant sites. We also identify potential profound disturbances in regulatory control of protein synthesis and cancer surveillance. These disturbances potentially have a causal link to neurodegenerative disease, myocarditis, immune thrombocytopenia, Bell's palsy, liver disease, impaired adaptive immunity, impaired DNA damage response and tumorigenesis. We show evidence from the VAERS database supporting our hypothesis. We believe a comprehensive risk/benefit assessment of the mRNA vaccines questions them as positive contributors to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Seneff
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA, 02139.
| | - Greg Nigh
- Immersion Health, Portland, OR, 97214, USA.
| | - Anthony M Kyriakopoulos
- Research and Development, Nasco AD Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Research and Development, Sachtouri 11, 18536, Piraeus, Greece.
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17
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Españo E, Kim J, Kim JK. Utilization of Aloe Compounds in Combatting Viral Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050599. [PMID: 35631425 PMCID: PMC9145703 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants contain underutilized resources of compounds that can be employed to combat viral diseases. Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (syn. Aloe barbadensis Mill.) has a long history of use in traditional medicine, and A. vera extracts have been reported to possess a huge breadth of pharmacological activities. Here, we discuss the potential of A. vera compounds as antivirals and immunomodulators for the treatment of viral diseases. In particular, we highlight the use of aloe emodin and acemannan as lead compounds that should be considered for further development in the management and prevention of viral diseases. Given the immunomodulatory capacity of A. vera compounds, especially those found in Aloe gel, we also put forward the idea that these compounds should be considered as adjuvants for viral vaccines. Lastly, we present some of the current limitations to the clinical applications of compounds from Aloe, especially from A. vera.
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18
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Zhao X, Chen D, Li X, Griffith L, Chang J, An P, Guo JT. Interferon Control of Human Coronavirus Infection and Viral Evasion: Mechanistic Insights and Implications for Antiviral Drug and Vaccine Development. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167438. [PMID: 34990653 PMCID: PMC8721920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of viral infections by various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) activates an inflammatory cytokine response that inhibits viral replication and orchestrates the activation of adaptive immune responses to control the viral infection. The broadly active innate immune response puts a strong selective pressure on viruses and drives the selection of variants with increased capabilities to subvert the induction and function of antiviral cytokines. This revolutionary process dynamically shapes the host ranges, cell tropism and pathogenesis of viruses. Recent studies on the innate immune responses to the infection of human coronaviruses (HCoV), particularly SARS-CoV-2, revealed that HCoV infections can be sensed by endosomal toll-like receptors and/or cytoplasmic RIG-I-like receptors in various cell types. However, the profiles of inflammatory cytokines and transcriptome response induced by a specific HCoV are usually cell type specific and determined by the virus-specific mechanisms of subverting the induction and function of interferons and inflammatory cytokines as well as the genetic trait of the host genes of innate immune pathways. We review herein the recent literatures on the innate immune responses and their roles in the pathogenesis of HCoV infections with emphasis on the pathobiological roles and therapeutic effects of type I interferons in HCoV infections and their antiviral mechanisms. The knowledge on the mechanism of innate immune control of HCoV infections and viral evasions should facilitate the development of therapeutics for induction of immune resolution of HCoV infections and vaccines for efficient control of COVID-19 pandemics and other HCoV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China; Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100015, China; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
| | - Danying Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China; Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100015, China; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Xinglin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China; Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100015, China; National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Lauren Griffith
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Hepatitis B Foundation, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA
| | - Jinhong Chang
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Hepatitis B Foundation, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA
| | - Ping An
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ju-Tao Guo
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Hepatitis B Foundation, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA.
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19
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Aricò E, Bracci L, Castiello L, Urbani F, Casanova JL, Belardelli F. Exploiting natural antiviral immunity for the control of pandemics: Lessons from Covid-19. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 63:23-33. [PMID: 34955389 PMCID: PMC8675148 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the disruptive global consequences in terms of mortality and social and economic crises, have taught lessons that may help define strategies to better face future pandemics. Innate and intrinsic immunity form the front-line natural antiviral defense. They involve both tissue-resident and circulating cells, which can produce anti-viral molecules shortly after viral infection. Prototypes of these factors are type I interferons (IFN), antiviral cytokines with a long record of clinical use. During the last two years, there has been an impressive progress in understanding the mechanisms of both SARS-CoV-2 infection and the cellular and soluble antiviral responses occurring early after viral exposure. However, this information was not sufficiently translated into therapeutic approaches. Insufficient type I IFN activity probably accounts for disease progression in many patients. This results from both the multiple interfering mechanisms developed by SARS-CoV-2 to decrease type I IFN response and various pre-existing human deficits of type I IFN activity, inherited or auto-immune. Emerging data suggest that IFN-I-mediated boosting of patients' immunity, achieved directly through the exogenous administration of IFN-β early post viral infection, or indirectly following inoculation of heterologous vaccines (e.g., Bacillus Calmette Guerin), might play a role against SARS-CoV-2. We review how recent insights on the viral and human determinants of critical COVID-19 pneumonia can foster clinical studies of IFN therapy. We also discuss how early therapeutic use of IFN-β and prophylactic campaigns with live attenuated vaccines might prevent a first wave of new pandemic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Aricò
- FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Bracci
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Castiello
- FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Urbani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy,Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine PhD School, II University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Filippo Belardelli
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
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20
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Bastard P, Zhang Q, Zhang SY, Jouanguy E, Casanova JL. Type I interferons and SARS-CoV-2: from cells to organisms. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 74:172-182. [PMID: 35149239 PMCID: PMC8786610 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) have broad and potent antiviral activity. We review the interplay between type I IFNs and SARS-CoV-2. Human cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro produce low levels of type I IFNs, and SARS-CoV-2 proteins can inhibit various steps in type I IFN production and response. Exogenous type I IFNs inhibit viral growth in vitro. In various animal species infected in vivo, type I IFN deficiencies underlie higher viral loads and more severe disease than in control animals. The early administration of exogenous type I IFNs improves infection control. In humans, inborn errors of, and auto-antibodies against type I IFNs underlie life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. Overall, type I IFNs are essential for host defense against SARS-CoV-2 in individual cells and whole organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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21
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Human genetic and immunological determinants of critical COVID-19 pneumonia. Nature 2022; 603:587-598. [PMID: 35090163 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection is benign in most individuals but, in ˜10% of cases, it triggers hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia, which becomes critical in ˜3% of cases. The ensuing risk of death (˜1%) doubles every five years from childhood onward and is ˜1.5 times greater in men than in women. What are the molecular and cellular determinants of critical COVID-19 pneumonia? Inborn errors of type I IFNs, including autosomal TLR3 and X-linked TLR7 deficiencies, are found in ˜1-5% of patients with critical pneumonia under 60 years old, and a lower proportion in older patients. Pre-existing autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α, -β, and/or -ω, which are more common in men than in women, are found in ˜15-20% of patients with critical pneumonia over 70 years old, and a lower proportion in younger patients. Thus, at least 15% of cases of critical COVID-19 pneumonia can apparently be explained. The TLR3- and TLR7-dependent production of type I IFNs by respiratory epithelial cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, respectively, is essential for host defense against SARS-CoV-2. In ways that can depend on age and sex, insufficient type I IFN immunity in the respiratory tract during the first few days of infection may account for the spread of the virus, leading to pulmonary and systemic inflammation.
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22
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Oduro-Mensah D, Oduro-Mensah E, Quashie P, Awandare G, Okine L. Explaining the unexpected COVID-19 trends and potential impact across Africa. F1000Res 2021; 10:1177. [PMID: 36605410 PMCID: PMC9763772 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.74363.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Official COVID-19 case counts and mortality rates across Africa are lower than had been anticipated. Research reports, however, indicate far higher exposure rates than the official counts in some countries. Particularly in Western and Central Africa, where mortality rates are disproportionately lower than the rest of the continent, this occurrence may be due to immune response adaptations resulting from (1) frequent exposure to certain pro-inflammatory pathogens, and (2) a prevalence of low-grade inflammation coupled with peculiar modifications to the immune response based on one's immunobiography. We suggest that the two factors lead to a situation where post infection, there is a rapid ramp-up of innate immune responses, enough to induce effective defense and protection against plethora pathogens. Alongside current efforts at procuring and distributing vaccines, we draw attention to the need for work towards appreciating the impact of the apparently widespread, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections on Africa's populations vis a vis systemic inflammation status and long-term consequences for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oduro-Mensah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Peter Quashie
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, LG 581, Ghana
| | - Gordon Awandare
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Laud Okine
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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23
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Oduro-Mensah D, Oduro-Mensah E, Quashie P, Awandare G, Okine L. Explaining the unexpected COVID-19 trends and potential impact across Africa. F1000Res 2021; 10:1177. [PMID: 36605410 PMCID: PMC9763772 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.74363.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Official COVID-19 case counts and mortality rates across Africa are lower than had been anticipated. Research reports, however, indicate far higher exposure rates than the official counts in some countries. Particularly in Western and Central Africa, where mortality rates are disproportionately lower than the rest of the continent, this occurrence may be due to immune response adaptations resulting from (1) frequent exposure to certain pro-inflammatory pathogens, and (2) a prevalence of low-grade inflammation coupled with peculiar modifications to the immune response based on one's immunobiography. We suggest that the two factors lead to a situation where post infection, there is a rapid ramp-up of innate immune responses, enough to induce effective defense and protection against plethora pathogens. Alongside current efforts at procuring and distributing vaccines, we draw attention to the need for work towards appreciating the impact of the apparently widespread, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections on Africa's populations vis a vis systemic inflammation status and long-term consequences for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oduro-Mensah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Peter Quashie
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, LG 581, Ghana
| | - Gordon Awandare
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Laud Okine
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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24
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Börold J, Eletto D, Busnadiego I, Mair NK, Moritz E, Schiefer S, Schmidt N, Petric PP, Wong WWL, Schwemmle M, Hale BG. BRD9 is a druggable component of interferon-stimulated gene expression and antiviral activity. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52823. [PMID: 34397140 PMCID: PMC8490982 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) creates a formidable protective antiviral state. However, loss of appropriate control mechanisms can result in constitutive pathogenic ISG upregulation. Here, we used genome-scale loss-of-function screening to establish genes critical for IFN-induced transcription, identifying all expected members of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and a previously unappreciated epigenetic reader, bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9), the defining subunit of non-canonical BAF (ncBAF) chromatin-remodeling complexes. Genetic knockout or small-molecule-mediated degradation of BRD9 limits IFN-induced expression of a subset of ISGs in multiple cell types and prevents IFN from exerting full antiviral activity against several RNA and DNA viruses, including influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV1), and herpes simplex virus (HSV1). Mechanistically, BRD9 acts at the level of transcription, and its IFN-triggered proximal association with the ISG transcriptional activator, STAT2, suggests a functional localization at selected ISG promoters. Furthermore, BRD9 relies on its intact acetyl-binding bromodomain and unique ncBAF scaffolding interaction with GLTSCR1/1L to promote IFN action. Given its druggability, BRD9 is an attractive target for dampening ISG expression under certain autoinflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Börold
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davide Eletto
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Idoia Busnadiego
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina K Mair
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Moritz
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samira Schiefer
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nora Schmidt
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp P Petric
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - W Wei-Lynn Wong
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schwemmle
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Virology, Freiburg University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin G Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Lopez J, Mommert M, Mouton W, Pizzorno A, Brengel-Pesce K, Mezidi M, Villard M, Lina B, Richard JC, Fassier JB, Cheynet V, Padey B, Duliere V, Julien T, Paul S, Bastard P, Belot A, Bal A, Casanova JL, Rosa-Calatrava M, Morfin F, Walzer T, Trouillet-Assant S. Early nasal type I IFN immunity against SARS-CoV-2 is compromised in patients with autoantibodies against type I IFNs. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212540. [PMID: 34357402 PMCID: PMC8352718 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IFN-I and IFN-III immunity in the nasal mucosa is poorly characterized during SARS-CoV-2 infection. We analyze the nasal IFN-I/III signature, namely the expression of ISGF-3-dependent IFN-stimulated genes, in mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients and show its correlation with serum IFN-α2 levels, which peak at symptom onset and return to baseline from day 10 onward. Moreover, the nasal IFN-I/III signature correlates with the nasopharyngeal viral load and is associated with the presence of infectious viruses. By contrast, we observe low nasal IFN-I/III scores despite high nasal viral loads in a subset of critically ill COVID-19 patients, which correlates with the presence of autoantibodies (auto-Abs) against IFN-I in both blood and nasopharyngeal mucosa. In addition, functional assays in a reconstituted human airway epithelium model of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirm the role of such auto-Abs in abrogating the antiviral effects of IFN-I, but not those of IFN-III. Thus, IFN-I auto-Abs may compromise not only systemic but also local antiviral IFN-I immunity at the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Lopez
- Molecular biology core facility, Civils Hospices of Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Marine Mommert
- Joint Research Unit Civils Hospices of Lyon-bioMérieux, Civils Hospices of Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France.,Open Innovation & Partnerships, bioMérieux S.A., Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | - William Mouton
- Joint Research Unit Civils Hospices of Lyon-bioMérieux, Civils Hospices of Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France.,International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France
| | - Andrés Pizzorno
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France
| | - Karen Brengel-Pesce
- Joint Research Unit Civils Hospices of Lyon-bioMérieux, Civils Hospices of Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Mehdi Mezidi
- Intensive Care Medicine, Croix-Rousse hospital, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - Marine Villard
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France
| | - Bruno Lina
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France.,Virology laboratory, Institute of Infectious Agents, Laboratory associated with the National Reference Centre for Respiratory Viruses, Civils Hospices of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Richard
- Intensive Care Medicine, Croix-Rousse hospital, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fassier
- Occupational Health and Medicine Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut français des sciences et technologies des transports, de l'aménagement et des reseaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transport Travail Environnement, UMR T_9405, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Cheynet
- Joint Research Unit Civils Hospices of Lyon-bioMérieux, Civils Hospices of Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Blandine Padey
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France.,Signia Therapeutics SAS, Lyon, France
| | - Victoria Duliere
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France.,VirNext, Faculty of Medicine RTH Laennec, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Julien
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France.,VirNext, Faculty of Medicine RTH Laennec, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Open Innovation & Partnerships, bioMérieux S.A., Marcy l'Etoile, France.,International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France
| | - Antonin Bal
- Intensive Care Medicine, Croix-Rousse hospital, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France.,Virology laboratory, Institute of Infectious Agents, Laboratory associated with the National Reference Centre for Respiratory Viruses, Civils Hospices of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
| | - Manuel Rosa-Calatrava
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France.,VirNext, Faculty of Medicine RTH Laennec, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Morfin
- Intensive Care Medicine, Croix-Rousse hospital, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France.,Virology laboratory, Institute of Infectious Agents, Laboratory associated with the National Reference Centre for Respiratory Viruses, Civils Hospices of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5308, École normale supérieure Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, Rhône, France
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26
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Lin X, Lin F, Liang T, Ducatez MF, Zanin M, Wong SS. Antibody Responsiveness to Influenza: What Drives It? Viruses 2021; 13:v13071400. [PMID: 34372607 PMCID: PMC8310379 DOI: 10.3390/v13071400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of a specific antibody response has long been accepted as a serological hallmark of recent infection or antigen exposure. Much of our understanding of the influenza antibody response has been derived from studying antibodies that target the hemagglutinin (HA) protein. However, growing evidence points to limitations associated with this approach. In this review, we aim to highlight the issue of antibody non-responsiveness after influenza virus infection and vaccination. We will then provide an overview of the major factors known to influence antibody responsiveness to influenza after infection and vaccination. We discuss the biological factors such as age, sex, influence of prior immunity, genetics, and some chronic infections that may affect the induction of influenza antibody responses. We also discuss the technical factors, such as assay choices, strain variations, and viral properties that may influence the sensitivity of the assays used to measure influenza antibodies. Understanding these factors will hopefully provide a more comprehensive picture of what influenza immunogenicity and protection means, which will be important in our effort to improve influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Fangmei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Tingting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
| | | | - Mark Zanin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sook-San Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Rd, Guangzhou 510182, China; (X.L.); (F.L.); (T.L.); (M.Z.)
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-178-2584-6078
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27
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Multiple Sclerosis, Disease-Modifying Therapies and COVID-19: A Systematic Review on Immune Response and Vaccination Recommendations. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9070773. [PMID: 34358189 PMCID: PMC8310076 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the risks of COVID-19 in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) receiving disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and their immune reactions is vital to analyze vaccine response dynamics. A systematic review on COVID-19 course and outcomes in patients receiving different DMTs was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Emerging data on SARS-CoV-2 vaccines was used to elaborate recommendations. Data from 4417 patients suggest that MS per se do not portend a higher risk of severe COVID-19. As for the general population, advanced age, comorbidities, and higher disability significantly impact COVID-19 outcomes. Most DMTs have a negligible influence on COVID-19 incidence and outcome, while for those causing severe lymphopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia, such as anti-CD20 therapies, there might be a tendency of increased hospitalization, worse outcomes and a higher risk of re-infection. Blunted immune responses have been reported for many DMTs, with vaccination implications. Clinical evidence does not support an increased risk of MS relapse or vaccination failure, but vaccination timing needs to be individually tailored. For cladribine and alemtuzumab, it is recommended to wait 3-6 months after the last cycle until vaccination. For the general anti-CD20 therapies, vaccination must be deferred toward the end of the cycle and the next dose administered at least 4-6 weeks after completing vaccination. Serological status after vaccination is highly encouraged. Growing clinical evidence and continuous surveillance are extremely important to continue guiding future treatment strategies and vaccination protocols.
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28
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Pohl MO, Busnadiego I, Marrafino F, Wiedmer L, Hunziker A, Fernbach S, Glas I, Moroz-Omori EV, Hale BG, Caflisch A, Stertz S. Combined computational and cellular screening identifies synergistic inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 by lenvatinib and remdesivir. J Gen Virol 2021; 102:001625. [PMID: 34319869 PMCID: PMC8491895 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid repurposing of existing drugs as new therapeutics for COVID-19 has been an important strategy in the management of disease severity during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Here, we used high-throughput docking to screen 6000 compounds within the DrugBank library for their potential to bind and inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 3 CL main protease, a chymotrypsin-like enzyme that is essential for viral replication. For 19 candidate hits, parallel in vitro fluorescence-based protease-inhibition assays and Vero-CCL81 cell-based SARS-CoV-2 replication-inhibition assays were performed. One hit, diclazuril (an investigational anti-protozoal compound), was validated as a SARS-CoV-2 3 CL main protease inhibitor in vitro (IC50 value of 29 µM) and modestly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero-CCL81 cells. Another hit, lenvatinib (approved for use in humans as an anti-cancer treatment), could not be validated as a SARS-CoV-2 3 CL main protease inhibitor in vitro, but serendipitously exhibited a striking functional synergy with the approved nucleoside analogue remdesivir to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication, albeit this was specific to Vero-CCL81 cells. Lenvatinib is a broadly-acting host receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor, but the synergistic effect with remdesivir was not observed with other approved RTK inhibitors (such as pazopanib or sunitinib), suggesting that the mechanism-of-action is independent of host RTKs. Furthermore, time-of-addition studies revealed that lenvatinib/remdesivir synergy probably targets SARS-CoV-2 replication subsequent to host-cell entry. Our work shows that combining computational and cellular screening is a means to identify existing drugs with repurposing potential as antiviral compounds. Future studies could be aimed at understanding and optimizing the lenvatinib/remdesivir synergistic mechanism as a therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie O. Pohl
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Idoia Busnadiego
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Marrafino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano SA, 84084, Italy
| | - Lars Wiedmer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annika Hunziker
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Fernbach
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Glas
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena V. Moroz-Omori
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin G. Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amedeo Caflisch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silke Stertz
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Duerr R, Crosse KM, Valero-Jimenez AM, Dittmann M. SARS-CoV-2 Portrayed against HIV: Contrary Viral Strategies in Similar Disguise. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1389. [PMID: 34198973 PMCID: PMC8307803 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 and HIV are zoonotic viruses that rapidly reached pandemic scale, causing global losses and fear. The COVID-19 and AIDS pandemics ignited massive efforts worldwide to develop antiviral strategies and characterize viral architectures, biological and immunological properties, and clinical outcomes. Although both viruses have a comparable appearance as enveloped viruses with positive-stranded RNA and envelope spikes mediating cellular entry, the entry process, downstream biological and immunological pathways, clinical outcomes, and disease courses are strikingly different. This review provides a systemic comparison of both viruses' structural and functional characteristics, delineating their distinct strategies for efficient spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Duerr
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (K.M.C.); (A.M.V.-J.); (M.D.)
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30
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Declerck K, Novo CP, Grielens L, Van Camp G, Suter A, Vanden Berghe W. Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench treatment of monocytes promotes tonic interferon signaling, increased innate immunity gene expression and DNA repeat hypermethylated silencing of endogenous retroviral sequences. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:141. [PMID: 33980308 PMCID: PMC8114977 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03310-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Herbal remedies of Echinacea purpurea tinctures are widely used today to reduce common cold respiratory tract infections. Methods Transcriptome, epigenome and kinome profiling allowed a systems biology level characterisation of genomewide immunomodulatory effects of a standardized Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench extract in THP1 monocytes. Results Gene expression and DNA methylation analysis revealed that Echinaforce® treatment triggers antiviral innate immunity pathways, involving tonic IFN signaling, activation of pattern recognition receptors, chemotaxis and immunometabolism. Furthermore, phosphopeptide based kinome activity profiling and pharmacological inhibitor experiments with filgotinib confirm a key role for Janus Kinase (JAK)-1 dependent gene expression changes in innate immune signaling. Finally, Echinaforce® treatment induces DNA hypermethylation at intergenic CpG, long/short interspersed nuclear DNA repeat elements (LINE, SINE) or long termininal DNA repeats (LTR). This changes transcription of flanking endogenous retroviral sequences (HERVs), involved in an evolutionary conserved (epi) genomic protective response against viral infections. Conclusions Altogether, our results suggest that Echinaforce® phytochemicals strengthen antiviral innate immunity through tonic IFN regulation of pattern recognition and chemokine gene expression and DNA repeat hypermethylated silencing of HERVs in monocytes. These results suggest that immunomodulation by Echinaforce® treatment holds promise to reduce symptoms and duration of infection episodes of common cold corona viruses (CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV, and new occurring strains such as SARS-CoV-2, with strongly impaired interferon (IFN) response and weak innate antiviral defense. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03310-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Declerck
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Claudina Perez Novo
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lisa Grielens
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Center of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA) and University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium.
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