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Marsh B, Navas-Zuloaga MG, Rosen BQ, Sokolov Y, Delanois JE, Gonzalez OC, Krishnan GP, Halgren E, Bazhenov M. Emergent effects of synaptic connectivity on the dynamics of global and local slow waves in a large-scale thalamocortical network model of the human brain. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012245. [PMID: 39028760 PMCID: PMC11290683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Slow-wave sleep (SWS), characterized by slow oscillations (SOs, <1Hz) of alternating active and silent states in the thalamocortical network, is a primary brain state during Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. In the last two decades, the traditional view of SWS as a global and uniform whole-brain state has been challenged by a growing body of evidence indicating that SO can be local and can coexist with wake-like activity. However, the mechanisms by which global and local SOs arise from micro-scale neuronal dynamics and network connectivity remain poorly understood. We developed a multi-scale, biophysically realistic human whole-brain thalamocortical network model capable of transitioning between the awake state and SWS, and we investigated the role of connectivity in the spatio-temporal dynamics of sleep SO. We found that the overall strength and a relative balance between long and short-range synaptic connections determined the network state. Importantly, for a range of synaptic strengths, the model demonstrated complex mixed SO states, where periods of synchronized global slow-wave activity were intermittent with the periods of asynchronous local slow-waves. An increase in the overall synaptic strength led to synchronized global SO, while a decrease in synaptic connectivity produced only local slow-waves that would not propagate beyond local areas. These results were compared to human data to validate probable models of biophysically realistic SO. The model producing mixed states provided the best match to the spatial coherence profile and the functional connectivity estimated from human subjects. These findings shed light on how the spatio-temporal properties of SO emerge from local and global cortical connectivity and provide a framework for further exploring the mechanisms and functions of SWS in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Marsh
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - M. Gabriela Navas-Zuloaga
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Burke Q. Rosen
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Yury Sokolov
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jean Erik Delanois
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Oscar C. Gonzalez
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Giri P. Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Eric Halgren
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Departments of Radiology and Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Maxim Bazhenov
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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2
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Balsamo F, Berretta E, Meneo D, Baglioni C, Gelfo F. The Complex Relationship between Sleep and Cognitive Reserve: A Narrative Review Based on Human Studies. Brain Sci 2024; 14:654. [PMID: 39061395 PMCID: PMC11274941 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep and brain/cognitive/neural reserve significantly impact well-being and cognition throughout life. This review aims to explore the intricate relationship between such factors, with reference to their effects on human cognitive functions. The specific goal is to understand the bidirectional influence that sleep and reserve exert on each other. Up to 6 February 2024, a methodical search of the literature was conducted using the PubMed database with terms related to brain, cognitive or neural reserve, and healthy or disturbed sleep. Based on the inclusion criteria, 11 articles were selected and analyzed for this review. The articles focus almost exclusively on cognitive reserve, with no explicit connection between sleep and brain or neural reserve. The results evidence sleep's role as a builder of cognitive reserve and cognitive reserve's role as a moderator in the effects of physiological and pathological sleep on cognitive functions. In conclusion, the findings of the present review support the notion that both sleep and cognitive reserve are critical factors in cognitive functioning. Deepening comprehension of the interactions between them is essential for devising strategies to enhance brain health and resilience against age- and pathology-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Balsamo
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Debora Meneo
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Baglioni
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Gelfo
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
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3
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Marsh BM, Navas-Zuloaga MG, Rosen BQ, Sokolov Y, Delanois JE, González OC, Krishnan GP, Halgren E, Bazhenov M. Emergent effects of synaptic connectivity on the dynamics of global and local slow waves in a large-scale thalamocortical network model of the human brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.15.562408. [PMID: 38617301 PMCID: PMC11014475 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.15.562408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Slow-wave sleep (SWS), characterized by slow oscillations (SO, <1Hz) of alternating active and silent states in the thalamocortical network, is a primary brain state during Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. In the last two decades, the traditional view of SWS as a global and uniform whole-brain state has been challenged by a growing body of evidence indicating that SO can be local and can coexist with wake-like activity. However, the understanding of how global and local SO emerges from micro-scale neuron dynamics and network connectivity remains unclear. We developed a multi-scale, biophysically realistic human whole-brain thalamocortical network model capable of transitioning between the awake state and slow-wave sleep, and we investigated the role of connectivity in the spatio-temporal dynamics of sleep SO. We found that the overall strength and a relative balance between long and short-range synaptic connections determined the network state. Importantly, for a range of synaptic strengths, the model demonstrated complex mixed SO states, where periods of synchronized global slow-wave activity were intermittent with the periods of asynchronous local slow-waves. Increase of the overall synaptic strength led to synchronized global SO, while decrease of synaptic connectivity produced only local slow-waves that would not propagate beyond local area. These results were compared to human data to validate probable models of biophysically realistic SO. The model producing mixed states provided the best match to the spatial coherence profile and the functional connectivity estimated from human subjects. These findings shed light on how the spatio-temporal properties of SO emerge from local and global cortical connectivity and provide a framework for further exploring the mechanisms and functions of SWS in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M Marsh
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego
| | | | - Burke Q Rosen
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego
| | - Yury Sokolov
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
| | - Jean Erik Delanois
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego
| | | | | | - Eric Halgren
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego
- Department of Radiology and Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego
| | - Maxim Bazhenov
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego
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Rentschler KM, Milosavljevic S, Baratta AM, Wright CJ, Piroli MV, Tentor Z, Valafar H, O’Reilly C, Pocivavsek A. Reducing brain kynurenic acid synthesis precludes kynurenine-induced sleep disturbances. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14038. [PMID: 37678806 PMCID: PMC10918043 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients with neurocognitive disorders often battle sleep disturbances. Kynurenic acid is a tryptophan metabolite of the kynurenine pathway implicated in the pathology of these illnesses. Modest increases in kynurenic acid, an antagonist at glutamatergic and cholinergic receptors, result in cognitive impairments and sleep dysfunction. We explored the hypothesis that inhibition of the kynurenic acid synthesising enzyme, kynurenine aminotransferase II, may alleviate sleep disturbances. At the start of the light phase, adult male and female Wistar rats received systemic injections of either: (i) vehicle; (ii) kynurenine (100 mg kg-1; i.p.); (iii) the kynurenine aminotransferase II inhibitor, PF-04859989 (30 mg kg-1; s.c.); or (iv) PF-04859989 and kynurenine in combination. Kynurenine and kynurenic acid levels were evaluated in the plasma and brain. Separate animals were implanted with electroencephalogram and electromyogram telemetry devices to record polysomnography, and evaluate the vigilance states wake, rapid eye movement sleep and non-rapid eye movement sleep following each treatment. Kynurenine challenge increased brain kynurenic acid and resulted in reduced rapid eye movement sleep duration, non-rapid eye movement sleep delta power and sleep spindles. PF-04859989 reduced brain kynurenic acid formation when given prior to kynurenine, prevented disturbances in rapid eye movement sleep and sleep spindles, and enhanced non-rapid eye movement sleep. Our findings suggest that reducing kynurenic acid in conditions where the kynurenine pathway is activated may serve as a potential strategy for improving sleep dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Rentschler
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Snezana Milosavljevic
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Annalisa M. Baratta
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Current affiliation: Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Courtney J. Wright
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Maria V. Piroli
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Zachary Tentor
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Homayoun Valafar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Christian O’Reilly
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Ana Pocivavsek
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Columbia, SC, USA
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Chen J, Zhao D, Chen B, Wang Q, Li Y, Chen J, Bai C, Guo X, Feng X, He X, Zhang L, Yuan J. Correlation of slow-wave sleep with motor and nonmotor progression in Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:554-563. [PMID: 38093699 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the association between slow-wave sleep and the progression of motor and nonmotor symptoms in patients with PD. METHODS Data were collected from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative study. Slow-wave sleep, also known as deep non-rapid eye movement (DNREM) sleep, was objectively assessed using the Verily Study Watch. Motor function was assessed using the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III score, Hoehn and Yahr stage, freezing of gait, motor fluctuations, and dyskinesia severity. Comprehensive assessments were conducted on nonmotor symptoms, including depression, anxiety, global cognitive function, and autonomic dysfunction. Statistical analyses involved repeated-measures analysis of variance and linear regression. RESULTS A total of 102 patients with PD were included in the study, with a median follow-up duration of 3.4 years. In the long DNREM sleep duration group (n = 55), better motor function (DNREM × time interaction: F(1,100) = 4.866, p = 0.030), less severe sexual dysfunction (p = 0.026), and improved activities of daily living (p = 0.033) were observed at the last follow-up visit compared with the short DNREM sleep duration group (n = 47). Reduced DNREM sleep duration is a risk factor for motor progression (β = -0.251, p = 0.021; 95% confidence interval = -0.465 to -0.038). INTERPRETATION The findings suggest an association between longer DNREM sleep duration and slower motor and nonmotor progression in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Danhua Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Baoyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junyi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chaobo Bai
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xintong Guo
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaotong Feng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- PF Center of Excellence, Department of Neurology, UC Davis Medical Center, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Junliang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Wilckens KA, Mayeli A, Stepan ME, Peng CW, Habte RF, Sharma K, Janssen SA, Applegate SL, Wallace ML, Buysse DJ, Ferrarelli F. High frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation increases slow-wave activity during subsequent sleep in older adults with cognitive complaints. Brain Stimul 2024; 17:362-364. [PMID: 38490473 PMCID: PMC11215801 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A Wilckens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA.
| | - Ahmad Mayeli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Michelle E Stepan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Christine W Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Rima F Habte
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Kamakashi Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Sabine A Janssen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Savannah L Applegate
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Meredith L Wallace
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Fabio Ferrarelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
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Mayeli A, Wilson JD, Donati FL, Ferrarelli F. Reduced slow wave density is associated with worse positive symptoms in clinical high risk: An objective readout of symptom severity for early treatment interventions? Psychiatry Res 2024; 333:115756. [PMID: 38281453 PMCID: PMC10923118 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) present subsyndromal psychotic symptoms that can escalate and lead to the transition to a diagnosable psychotic disorder. Identifying biological parameters that are sensitive to these symptoms can therefore help objectively assess their severity and guide early interventions in CHR. Reduced slow wave oscillations (∼1 Hz) during non-rapid eye movement sleep were recently observed in first-episode psychosis patients and were linked to the intensity of their positive symptoms. Here, we collected overnight high-density EEG recordings from 37 CHR and 32 healthy control (HC) subjects and compared slow wave (SW) activity and other SW parameters (i.e., density and negative peak amplitude) between groups. We also assessed the relationships between clinical symptoms and SW parameters in CHR. While comparisons between HC and the entire CHR group showed no SW differences, CHR individuals with higher positive symptom severity (N = 18) demonstrated a reduction in SW density in an EEG cluster involving bilateral prefrontal, parietal, and right occipital regions compared to matched HC individuals. Furthermore, we observed a negative correlation between SW density and positive symptoms across CHR individuals, suggesting a potential target for early treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mayeli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, USA
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Wilckens KA, Habte RF, Dong Y, Stepan ME, Dessa KM, Whitehead AB, Peng CW, Fletcher ME, Buysse DJ. A pilot time-in-bed restriction intervention behaviorally enhances slow-wave activity in older adults. FRONTIERS IN SLEEP 2024; 2:1265006. [PMID: 38938690 PMCID: PMC11210605 DOI: 10.3389/frsle.2023.1265006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Identifying intervention methods that target sleep characteristics involved in memory processing is a priority for the field of cognitive aging. Older adults with greater sleep efficiency and non-rapid eye movement slow-wave activity (SWA) (0.5-4 Hz electroencephalographic activity) tend to exhibit better memory and cognitive abilities. Paradoxically, long total sleep times are consistently associated with poorer cognition in older adults. Thus, maximizing sleep efficiency and SWA may be a priority relative to increasing mere total sleep time. As clinical behavioral sleep treatments do not consistently enhance SWA, and propensity for SWA increases with time spent awake, we examined with a proof-of concept pilot intervention whether a greater dose of time-in-bed (TiB) restriction (75% of habitual TiB) would increase both sleep efficiency and SWA in older adults with difficulties staying asleep without impairing memory performance. Methods Participants were adults ages 55-80 with diary-reported sleep efficiency <90% and wake after sleep onset (WASO) >20 min. Sleep diary, actigraphy, polysomnography (PSG), and paired associate memory acquisition and retention were assessed before and after a week-long TiB restriction intervention (n = 30). TiB was restricted to 75% of diary-reported habitual TiB. A comparison group of n = 5 participants repeated assessments while following their usual sleep schedule to obtain preliminary estimates of effect sizes associated with repeated testing. Results Subjective and objective sleep measures robustly improved in the TiB restriction group for sleep quality, sleep depth, sleep efficiency and WASO, at the expense of TiB and time spent in N1 and N2 sleep. As hypothesized, SWA increased robustly with TiB restriction across the 0.5-4 Hz range, as well as subjective sleep depth, subjective and objective WASO. Despite increases in sleepiness ratings, no impairments were found in memory acquisition or retention. Conclusion A TiB restriction dose equivalent to 75% of habitual TiB robustly increased sleep continuity and SWA in older adults with sleep maintenance difficulties, without impairing memory performance. These findings may inform long-term behavioral SWA enhancement interventions aimed at improving memory performance and risk for cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rima F. Habte
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yue Dong
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michelle E. Stepan
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kibra M. Dessa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Alexis B. Whitehead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christine W. Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Mary E. Fletcher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Daniel J. Buysse
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Carpi M, Fernandes M, Mercuri NB, Liguori C. Sleep Biomarkers for Predicting Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:121-143. [PMID: 38043016 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbances are considered a hallmark of dementia, and strong evidence supports the association between alterations in sleep parameters and cognitive decline in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to summarize the existing evidence on the longitudinal association between sleep parameters and cognitive decline, with the goal of identifying potential sleep biomarkers of AD-related neurodegeneration. METHODS Literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from inception to 28 March 2023. Longitudinal studies investigating the association between baseline objectively-measured sleep parameters and cognitive decline were assessed for eligibility. RESULTS Seventeen studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Sleep fragmentation, reduced sleep efficiency, reduced REM sleep, increased light sleep, and sleep-disordered breathing were identified as predictors of cognitive decline. Sleep duration exhibited a U-shaped relation with subsequent neurodegeneration. Additionally, several sleep microstructural parameters were associated with cognitive decline, although inconsistencies were observed across studies. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that sleep alterations hold promise as early biomarker of cognitive decline, but the current evidence is limited due to substantial methodological heterogeneity among studies. Further research is necessary to identify the most reliable sleep parameters for predicting cognitive impairment and AD, and to investigate interventions targeting sleep that can assist clinicians in the early recognition and treatment of cognitive decline. Standardized procedures for longitudinal studies evaluating sleep and cognition should be developed and the use of continuous sleep monitoring techniques, such as actigraphy or EEG headband, might be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Carpi
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Neurology Unit, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariana Fernandes
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Neurology Unit, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Liguori
- Sleep Medicine Centre, Neurology Unit, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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10
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Alfaiate D, Pereira A, Guerra P, Pinto N. Body posture as a factor determining sleep quality in patients using non-invasive ventilation. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:2437-2442. [PMID: 36973594 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep quality is influenced by multiple factors. Slow-wave sleep and REM sleep play a key role in homeostasis and are useful indicators of sleep quality. Studies indicate that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the supine position correlates with anatomical changes that exacerbate respiratory events and influence the effectiveness of ventilation therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of body posture with polysomnographic data and adherence of patients using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients with OSA who had polysomnography in Rainha Santa Isabel Hospital's sleep laboratory in Torres Novas, Portugal, and met all the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sociodemographic, polysomnographic, and ventilation therapy variables were collected from that sleep laboratory database between 2015 and 2019. RESULTS In 30 patients with OSA, residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHIr) and arousal index were lower in the non-supine position compared to the supine position (p value 0.005 and 0.009 respectively). As measures of sleep quality, total sleep time in SWS and REM sleep were greater in the non-supine position compared to the supine position (p value of 0.002 and 0.010 respectively). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that a supine position significantly impairs sleep quality mainly by increasing the number of respiratory events and associated sleep fragmentation. The findings also suggest that the difference in AHIr between supine and non-supine positions may contribute to non-adherence with CPAP in patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alfaiate
- Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco Health School, Castelo Branco, Portugal.
- Médio Tejo Hospital Centre, Torres Novas, Portugal.
| | | | | | - Nuno Pinto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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Zhao Q, Maci M, Miller MR, Zhou H, Zhang F, Algamal M, Lee YF, Hou SS, Perle SJ, Le H, Russ AN, Lo EH, Gerashchenko D, Gomperts SN, Bacskai BJ, Kastanenka KV. Sleep restoration by optogenetic targeting of GABAergic neurons reprograms microglia and ameliorates pathological phenotypes in an Alzheimer's disease model. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:93. [PMID: 38041158 PMCID: PMC10693059 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients exhibit memory disruptions and profound sleep disturbances, including disruption of deep non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Slow-wave activity (SWA) is a major restorative feature of NREM sleep and is important for memory consolidation. METHODS We generated a mouse model where GABAergic interneurons could be targeted in the presence of APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP) amyloidosis, APP-GAD-Cre mice. An electroencephalography (EEG) / electromyography (EMG) telemetry system was used to monitor sleep disruptions in these animals. Optogenetic stimulation of GABAergic interneurons in the anterior cortex targeted with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) allowed us to examine the role GABAergic interneurons play in sleep deficits. We also examined the effect of optogenetic stimulation on amyloid plaques, neuronal calcium as well as sleep-dependent memory consolidation. In addition, microglial morphological features and functions were assessed using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Finally, we performed sleep deprivation during optogenetic stimulation to investigate whether sleep restoration was necessary to slow AD progression. RESULTS APP-GAD-Cre mice exhibited impairments in sleep architecture including decreased time spent in NREM sleep, decreased delta power, and increased sleep fragmentation compared to nontransgenic (NTG) NTG-GAD-Cre mice. Optogenetic stimulation of cortical GABAergic interneurons increased SWA and rescued sleep impairments in APP-GAD-Cre animals. Furthermore, it slowed AD progression by reducing amyloid deposition, normalizing neuronal calcium homeostasis, and improving memory function. These changes were accompanied by increased numbers and a morphological transformation of microglia, elevated phagocytic marker expression, and enhanced amyloid β (Aβ) phagocytic activity of microglia. Sleep was necessary for amelioration of pathophysiological phenotypes in APP-GAD-Cre mice. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study shows that optogenetic targeting of GABAergic interneurons rescues sleep, which then ameliorates neuropathological as well as behavioral deficits by increasing clearance of Aβ by microglia in an AD mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuchen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Megi Maci
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Morgan R Miller
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Fang Zhang
- Departments of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Moustafa Algamal
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Yee Fun Lee
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Steven S Hou
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Stephen J Perle
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Hoang Le
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Alyssa N Russ
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- Departments of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Dmitry Gerashchenko
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
| | - Stephen N Gomperts
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Brian J Bacskai
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Ksenia V Kastanenka
- Department of Neurology, MassGeneral Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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12
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Akhlaghi M, Kohanmoo A. Sleep deprivation in development of obesity, effects on appetite regulation, energy metabolism, and dietary choices. Nutr Res Rev 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37905402 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422423000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation, which is a decrease in duration and quality of sleep, is a common problem in today's life. Epidemiological and interventional investigations have suggested a link between sleep deprivation and overweight/obesity. Sleep deprivation affects homeostatic and non-homoeostatic regulation of appetite, with the food reward system playing a dominant role. Factors such as sex and weight status affect this regulation; men and individuals with excess weight seem to be more sensitive to reward-driven and hedonistic regulation of food intake. Sleep deprivation may also affect weight through affecting physical activity and energy expenditure. In addition, sleep deprivation influences food selection and eating behaviours, which are mainly managed by the food reward system. Sleep-deprived individuals mostly crave for palatable energy-dense foods and have low desire for fruit and vegetables. Consumption of meals may not change but energy intake from snacks increases. The individuals have more desire for snacks with high sugar and saturated fat content. The relationship between sleep and the diet is mutual, implying that diet and eating behaviours also affect sleep duration and quality. Consuming healthy diets containing fruit and vegetables and food sources of protein and unsaturated fats and low quantities of saturated fat and sugar may be used as a diet strategy to improve sleep. Since the effects of sleep deficiency differ between animals and humans, only evidence from human subject studies has been included, controversies are discussed and the need for future investigations is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Kohanmoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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Sarkis RA, Lam AD, Pavlova M, Locascio JJ, Putta S, Puri N, Pham J, Yih A, Marshall GA, Stickgold R. Epilepsy and sleep characteristics are associated with diminished 24-h memory retention in older adults with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2023; 64:2771-2780. [PMID: 37392445 PMCID: PMC10592425 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with epilepsy often have memory difficulties, and older adults with epilepsy are especially vulnerable, due to the additive effect of aging. The goal of this study was to assess factors that are associated with 24-h memory retention in older adults with epilepsy. METHODS Fifty-five adults with epilepsy, all aged >50 years, performed a declarative memory task involving the recall of the positions of 15 card pairs on a computer screen prior to a 24-h ambulatory electroencephalogram (EEG). We assessed the percentage of encoded card pairs that were correctly recalled after 24 h (24-h retention rate). EEGs were evaluated for the presence and frequency of scalp interictal epileptiform activity (IEA) and scored for total sleep. Global slow wave activity (SWA) power during non-rapid eye movement sleep was also calculated. RESULTS Forty-four participants successfully completed the memory task. Two were subsequently excluded due to seizures on EEG. The final cohort (n = 42) had a mean age of 64.3 ± 7.5 years, was 52% female, and had an average 24-h retention rate of 70.9% ± 30.2%. Predictors of 24-h retention based on multivariate regression analysis when controlling for age, sex, and education included number of antiseizure medications (β = -.20, p = .013), IEA frequency (β = -.08, p = .0094), and SWA power (β = +.002, p = .02). SIGNIFICANCE In older adults with epilepsy, greater frequency of IEA, reduced SWA power, and higher burden of antiseizure medications correlated with worse 24-h memory retention. These factors represent potential treatment targets to improve memory in older adults with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani A Sarkis
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alice D Lam
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Milena Pavlova
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph J Locascio
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Swapna Putta
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nirajan Puri
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan Pham
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alison Yih
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gad A Marshall
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Stickgold
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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He D, Chen J, Du X, Xu L. Summary of drug therapy to treat cognitive impairment-induced obstructive sleep apnea. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1222626. [PMID: 37731463 PMCID: PMC10507626 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1222626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a severe sleep disorder associated with intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. Cognitive impairment is a signifi- cant and common OSA complication often described in such patients. The most commonly utilized methods in clinical OSA treatment are oral appliances and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, the current therapeutic methods for improving cognitive function could not achieve the expected efficacy in same patients. Therefore, further understanding the molecular mechanism behind cognitive dysfunction in OSA disease will provide new treatment methods and targets. This review briefly summarized the clinical manifestations of cognitive impairment in OSA disease. Moreover, the pathophysiological molecular mechanism of OSA was outlined. Our study concluded that both SF and IH could induce cognitive impairment by multiple signaling pathways, such as oxidative stress activation, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, there is a lack of effective drug therapy for cognitive impairment in OSA. Finally, the therapeutic potential of some novel compounds and herbal medicine was evaluated on attenuating cognitive impairment based on certain preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqiang He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoxue Du
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linhao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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15
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LaGoy AD, Kubala AG, Deering S, Germain A, Markwald RR. Dawn of a New Dawn: Advances in Sleep Health to Optimize Performance. Sleep Med Clin 2023; 18:361-371. [PMID: 37532375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Optimal sleep health is a critical component to high-level performance. In populations such as the military, public service (eg, firefighters), and health care, achieving optimal sleep health is difficult and subsequently deficiencies in sleep health may lead to performance decrements. However, advances in sleep monitoring technologies and mitigation strategies for poor sleep health show promise for further ecological scientific investigation within these populations. The current review briefly outlines the relationship between sleep health and performance as well as current advances in behavioral and technological approaches to improving sleep health for performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice D LaGoy
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA 92106, USA; Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew G Kubala
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA 92106, USA; Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sean Deering
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA 92106, USA; Leidos, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Rachel R Markwald
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA 92106, USA.
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16
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Barrea L, Verde L, Di Lorenzo C, Savastano S, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. Can the ketogenic diet improve our dreams? Effect of very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) on sleep quality. J Transl Med 2023; 21:479. [PMID: 37464397 PMCID: PMC10353204 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a condition that is often associated with sleep disorders, including reduced sleep quality (SQ). Very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has proven to be effective in the management of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. However, little is still known about the effects of this promising nutritional protocol on SQ. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of VLCKD on SQ in women with overweight/obesity and if any changes, to identify the predictive factor that through VLCKD modified SQ. METHODS Were consecutively enrolled a total of 324 subjects, who met the inclusion criteria and accepted to adhere to VLCKD. Assessment of nutritional status, including anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and waist circumference), bioelectrical impedance analysis (phase-sensitive system, 50 kHz BIA 101 RJL, Akern Bioresearch, Florence, Italy Akern), high sensitivity C reactive protein levels (hs-CRP), and SQ were carried out at baseline and after 31 days of active stage of VLCKD. SQ was evaluated using the validated questionnaire Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS In addition to the expected general improvement of anthropometric parameters and body composition, VLCKD improved significantly SQ, as demonstrated by the improvement of all parameters included in the PSQI questionnaire (p < 0.001). Both at baseline and after 31 days of active stage of VLCKD, the PSQI score was significantly associated with BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, fat free mass (p < 0.001 for all) and hs-CRP (p = 0.023). PhA was negatively associated with PSQI score only at baseline (p < 0.001). ∆% PSQI positively correlated with ∆% BMI, ∆% fat mass, ∆% hs-CRP (p < 0.001 for all) and negatively correlated with ∆% fat free mass (p < 0.001), and ∆% PhA (p = 0.031). In the multiple regression analysis ∆% fat mass represented the only predictor of changes in SQ after VLCKD. Finally, in the ROC analysis, a threshold value of ∆% fat mass > - 8.4% predicted improvement in SQ (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, VLCKD determines an improvement of SQ in women with overweight and obesity, that was mostly mediated by the reduction of fat mass related to this nutritional protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Via Porzio, Centro Direzionale, isola F2, Napoli, 80143, Italy.
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cherubino Di Lorenzo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino-ICOT, Latina, 04100, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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17
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Brandão LEM, Popa A, Cedernaes E, Cedernaes C, Lampola L, Cedernaes J. Exposure to a more unhealthy diet impacts sleep microstructure during normal sleep and recovery sleep: A randomized trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023. [PMID: 37245331 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although intake of specific macronutrients has been associated with sleep parameters, interventional evidence is lacking. Therefore, this randomized trial was conducted to examine how a more unhealthy high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet impacts sleep in humans. METHODS In a crossover study, 15 healthy young men consumed two isocaloric diets in random order for a week: an HFHS and a low-fat/low-sugar diet. Following each diet, in-lab sleep was recorded using polysomnography during a full night of sleep and during recovery sleep after extended wakefulness. Sleep duration, macrostructure, and microstructure (oscillatory pattern and slow waves) were investigated using machine learning-based algorithms. RESULTS Sleep duration did not differ across the diets based on actigraphy and the in-lab polysomnography. Sleep macrostructure was similar after 1 week on each diet. Compared with the low-fat/low-sugar diet, consumption of the HFHS diet resulted in reduced delta power, delta to beta ratio, and slow wave amplitude but increased alpha and theta power during deep sleep. During recovery sleep, similar sleep oscillatory changes were observed. CONCLUSIONS Short-term consumption of a more unhealthy diet alters sleep oscillatory features that regulate the restorative properties of sleep. Whether such changes can mediate adverse health outcomes associated with consumption of an unhealthier diet warrants investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandru Popa
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Lauri Lampola
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Cedernaes
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Zavecz Z, Shah VD, Murillo OG, Vallat R, Mander BA, Winer JR, Jagust WJ, Walker MP. NREM sleep as a novel protective cognitive reserve factor in the face of Alzheimer's disease pathology. BMC Med 2023; 21:156. [PMID: 37138290 PMCID: PMC10155344 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02811-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology impairs cognitive function. Yet some individuals with high amounts of AD pathology suffer marked memory impairment, while others with the same degree of pathology burden show little impairment. Why is this? One proposed explanation is cognitive reserve i.e., factors that confer resilience against, or compensation for the effects of AD pathology. Deep NREM slow wave sleep (SWS) is recognized to enhance functions of learning and memory in healthy older adults. However, that the quality of NREM SWS (NREM slow wave activity, SWA) represents a novel cognitive reserve factor in older adults with AD pathology, thereby providing compensation against memory dysfunction otherwise caused by high AD pathology burden, remains unknown. METHODS Here, we tested this hypothesis in cognitively normal older adults (N = 62) by combining 11C-PiB (Pittsburgh compound B) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning for the quantification of β-amyloid (Aβ) with sleep electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to quantify NREM SWA and a hippocampal-dependent face-name learning task. RESULTS We demonstrated that NREM SWA significantly moderates the effect of Aβ status on memory function. Specifically, NREM SWA selectively supported superior memory function in individuals suffering high Aβ burden, i.e., those most in need of cognitive reserve (B = 2.694, p = 0.019). In contrast, those without significant Aβ pathological burden, and thus without the same need for cognitive reserve, did not similarly benefit from the presence of NREM SWA (B = -0.115, p = 0.876). This interaction between NREM SWA and Aβ status predicting memory function was significant after correcting for age, sex, Body Mass Index, gray matter atrophy, and previously identified cognitive reserve factors, such as education and physical activity (p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that NREM SWA is a novel cognitive reserve factor providing resilience against the memory impairment otherwise caused by high AD pathology burden. Furthermore, this cognitive reserve function of NREM SWA remained significant when accounting both for covariates, and factors previously linked to resilience, suggesting that sleep might be an independent cognitive reserve resource. Beyond such mechanistic insights are potential therapeutic implications. Unlike many other cognitive reserve factors (e.g., years of education, prior job complexity), sleep is a modifiable factor. As such, it represents an intervention possibility that may aid the preservation of cognitive function in the face of AD pathology, both present moment and longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Zavecz
- Department of Psychology, Center for Human Sleep Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Vyoma D Shah
- Department of Psychology, Center for Human Sleep Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Olivia G Murillo
- Department of Psychology, Center for Human Sleep Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Raphael Vallat
- Department of Psychology, Center for Human Sleep Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bryce A Mander
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Joseph R Winer
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - William J Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Matthew P Walker
- Department of Psychology, Center for Human Sleep Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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19
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Simor P, Bogdány T, Sifuentes-Ortega R, Rovai A, Peigneux P. Lateralized tactile stimulation during NREM sleep globally increases both slow and fast frequency activities. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14191. [PMID: 36153813 PMCID: PMC10078489 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Slow frequency activity during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep emerges from synchronized activity of widely distributed thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical networks, reflecting homeostatic and restorative properties of sleep. Slow frequency activity exhibits a reactive nature, and can be increased by acoustic stimulation. Although non-invasive brain stimulation is a promising technique in basic and clinical sleep research, sensory stimulation studies focusing on modalities other than the acoustic are scarce. We explored here the potential of lateralized vibro-tactile stimulation (VTS) of the finger to locally modify electroencephalographic activity during nocturnal NREM sleep. Eight seconds-long sequences of vibro-tactile pulses were delivered at a rate of 1 Hz either to the left or to the right index finger, in addition to a sham condition, in fourteen healthy participants. VTS markedly increased slow frequency activity that peaked between 1-4 Hz but extended to higher (~13 Hz) frequencies, with fronto-central dominance. Enhanced slow frequency activity was accompanied by increased (14-22 Hz) fast frequency power peaking over central and posterior locations. VTS increased the amplitude of slow waves, especially during the first 3-4 s of stimulation. Noticeably, we did not observe local-hemispheric effects, that is, VTS resulted in a global cortical response regardless of stimulation laterality. VTS moderately increased slow and fast frequency activities in resting wakefulness, to a much lower extent compared to NREM sleep. The concomitant increase in slow and fast frequency activities in response to VTS indicates an instant homeostatic response coupled with wake-like, high-frequency activity potentially reflecting transient periods of increased environmental processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Simor
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Brussels, Belgium.,UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tamás Bogdány
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Brussels, Belgium.,Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rebeca Sifuentes-Ortega
- UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Brussels, Belgium.,UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antonin Rovai
- UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CUB-Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB-Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Peigneux
- UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Brussels, Belgium.,UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Abstract
The restorative function of sleep is shaped by its duration, timing, continuity, subjective quality, and efficiency. Current sleep recommendations specify only nocturnal duration and have been largely derived from sleep self-reports that can be imprecise and miss relevant details. Sleep duration, preferred timing, and ability to withstand sleep deprivation are heritable traits whose expression may change with age and affect the optimal sleep prescription for an individual. Prevailing societal norms and circumstances related to work and relationships interact to influence sleep opportunity and quality. The value of allocating time for sleep is revealed by the impact of its restriction on behavior, functional brain imaging, sleep macrostructure, and late-life cognition. Augmentation of sleep slow oscillations and spindles have been proposed for enhancing sleep quality, but they inconsistently achieve their goal. Crafting bespoke sleep recommendations could benefit from large-scale, longitudinal collection of objective sleep data integrated with behavioral and self-reported data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth L F Leong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; ,
| | - Michael W L Chee
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; ,
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21
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Lafrenière A, Lina JM, Hernandez J, Bouchard M, Gosselin N, Carrier J. Sleep slow waves' negative-to-positive-phase transition: a marker of cognitive and apneic status in aging. Sleep 2023; 46:zsac246. [PMID: 36219687 PMCID: PMC9832517 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The sleep slow-wave (SW) transition between negative and positive phases is thought to mirror synaptic strength and likely depends on brain health. This transition shows significant age-related changes but has not been investigated in pathological aging. The present study aimed at comparing the transition speed and other characteristics of SW between older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and cognitively normal (CN) controls with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We also examined the association of SW characteristics with the longitudinal changes of episodic memory and executive functions and the degree of subjective cognitive complaints. aMCI (no/mild OSA = 17; OSA = 15) and CN (no/mild OSA = 20; OSA = 17) participants underwent a night of polysomnography and a neuropsychological evaluation at baseline and 18 months later. Participants with aMCI had a significantly slower SW negative-to-positive-phase transition speed and a higher proportion of SW that are "slow-switchers" than CN participants. These SW measures in the frontal region were significantly correlated with memory decline and cognitive complaints in aMCI and cognitive improvements in CN participants. The transition speed of the SW that are "fast-switchers" was significantly slower in OSA compared to no or mild obstructive sleep apnea participants. The SW transition-related metrics showed opposite correlations with the longitudinal episodic memory changes depending on the participants' cognitive status. These relationships were particularly strong in participants with aMCI. As the changes of the SW transition-related metrics in pathological aging might reflect synaptic alterations, future studies should investigate whether these new metrics covary with biomarker levels of synaptic integrity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Lafrenière
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Lina
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jimmy Hernandez
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maude Bouchard
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nadia Gosselin
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Julie Carrier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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22
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Onuki Y, Lakbila-Kamal O, Scheffer B, Van Someren EJW, Van der Werf YD. Selective Enhancement of Post-Sleep Visual Motion Perception by Repetitive Tactile Stimulation during Sleep. J Neurosci 2022; 42:7400-7411. [PMID: 35995563 PMCID: PMC9525164 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1512-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tactile sensations can bias visual perception in the awake state while visual sensitivity is known to be facilitated by sleep. It remains unknown, however, whether the tactile sensation during sleep can bias the visual improvement after sleep. Here, we performed nap experiments in human participants (n = 56, 18 males, 38 females) to demonstrate that repetitive tactile motion stimulation on the fingertip during slow wave sleep selectively enhanced subsequent visual motion detection. The visual improvement was associated with slow wave activity. The high activation at the high beta frequency was found in the occipital electrodes after the tactile motion stimulation during sleep, indicating a visual-tactile cross-modal interaction during sleep. Furthermore, a second experiment (n = 14, 14 females) to examine whether a hand- or head-centered coordination is dominant for the interpretation of tactile motion direction showed that the biasing effect on visual improvement occurs according to the hand-centered coordination. These results suggest that tactile information can be interpreted during sleep, and can induce the selective improvement of post-sleep visual motion detection.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Tactile sensations can bias our visual perception as a form of cross-modal interaction. However, it was reported only in the awake state. Here we show that repetitive directional tactile motion stimulation on the fingertip during slow wave sleep selectively enhanced subsequent visual motion perception. Moreover, the visual improvement was positively associated with sleep slow wave activity. The tactile motion stimulation during slow wave activity increased the activation at the high beta frequency over the occipital electrodes. The visual improvement occurred in agreement with a hand-centered reference frame. These results suggest that our sleeping brain can interpret tactile information based on a hand-centered reference frame, which can cause the sleep-dependent improvement of visual motion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Onuki
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, 1105BA, The Netherlands
| | - Oti Lakbila-Kamal
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, 1105BA, The Netherlands
| | - Bo Scheffer
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, 1105BA, The Netherlands
| | - Eus J W Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, 1105BA, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands
| | - Ysbrand D Van der Werf
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VU, University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081HZ, The Netherlands
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23
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Zhang R, Tomasi D, Shokri-Kojori E, Manza P, Feldman DE, Kroll DS, Biesecker CL, McPherson KL, Schwandt M, Wang GJ, Wiers CE, Volkow ND. Effect of detoxification on N3 sleep correlates with brain functional but not structural changes in alcohol use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 238:109545. [PMID: 35779511 PMCID: PMC9444901 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbances are very common in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and contribute to relapse. Detoxification appears to have limited effects on sleep problems. However, inter-individual differences and related brain mechanisms have not been closely examined. METHODS We examined N3 sleep and the associated brain functional and structural changes in 30 AUD patients (9 Females, mean age: 42 years) undergoing a 3-week inpatient detoxification. Patients' N3 sleep, resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), grey matter volume (GMV) and negative mood were measured on week 1 and week 3. RESULTS AUD patients did not show significant N3 sleep recovery after 3-weeks of detoxification. However, we observed large variability among AUD patients. Inter-individual variations in N3 increases were associated with increases in midline default mode network (DMN) RSFC but not with GMV using a whole-brain approach. Exploratory analyses revealed significant sex by detoxification effects on N3 sleep such that AUD females showed greater N3 increases than AUD males. Further, N3 increases fully mediated the effect of mood improvement on DMN RSFC increases. CONCLUSIONS We show a significant relationship between N3 and DMN functional changes in AUD over time/abstinence. The current findings may have clinical implications for monitoring brain recovery in AUD using daily sleep measures, which might help guide individualized treatments. Future investigations on sex differences with a larger sample and with longitudinal data for a longer period of abstinence are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA.
| | - Dardo Tomasi
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Ehsan Shokri-Kojori
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Peter Manza
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Dana E Feldman
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Danielle S Kroll
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Catherine L Biesecker
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Katherine L McPherson
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Melanie Schwandt
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Corinde E Wiers
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
| | - Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA; National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA.
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24
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Adhia DB, Mani R, Reynolds JNJ, Vanneste S, De Ridder D. High-definition transcranial infraslow pink noise stimulation for chronic low back pain: protocol for a pilot, safety and feasibility randomised placebo-controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056842. [PMID: 35705354 PMCID: PMC9204463 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common disabling health condition. Current treatments demonstrate modest effects, warranting newer therapies. Brain imaging demonstrates altered electrical activities in cortical areas responsible for pain modulation, emotional and sensory components of pain experience. Treatments targeting to change electrical activities of these key brain regions may produce clinical benefits. This pilot study aims to (1) evaluate feasibility, safety and acceptability of a novel neuromodulation technique, high-definition transcranial infraslow pink noise stimulation (HD-tIPNS), in people with CLBP, (2) explore the trend of effect of HD-tIPNS on pain and function, and (3) derive treatment estimates to support sample size calculation for a fully powered trial should trends of effectiveness be present. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A pilot, triple-blinded randomised two-arm placebo-controlled parallel trial. Participants (n=40) with CLBP will be randomised to either sham stimulation or HD-tIPNS (targeting somatosensory cortex and dorsal and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex). Primary outcomes include feasibility and safety measures, and clinical outcomes of pain (Brief Pain Inventory) and disability (Roland-Morris disability questionnaire). Secondary measures include clinical, psychological, quantitative sensory testing and electroencephalography collected at baseline, immediately postintervention, and at 1-week, 1-month and 3 months postintervention. All data will be analysed descriptively. A nested qualitative study will assess participants perceptions about acceptability of intervention and analysed thematically. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from Health and Disability Ethics Committee (Ref:20/NTB/67). Findings will be reported to regulatory and funding bodies, presented at conferences, and published in a scientific journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12620000505909p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bharatkumar Adhia
- Department of Surgical Sciences, and Pain@Otago Research Theme, University of Otago - Dunedin Campus, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ramakrishnan Mani
- Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, and Pain@Otago Research Theme, University of Otago - Dunedin Campus, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - John N J Reynolds
- Department of Anatomy and the Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago - Dunedin Campus, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sven Vanneste
- School of Psychology, Global Brain Health Institute, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Department of Surgical Sciences, and Pain@Otago Research Theme, University of Otago - Dunedin Campus, Dunedin, New Zealand
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25
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The Influence of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 Supplementation on Performance in Attention (Go/No-Go) Tasks and Quinolinic Acid and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid Levels in Thai Children—A Preliminary Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive development is defined as the capacity of a child to think, reason, and use language, which are all vital to their overall growth. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder. Though several factors are associated with the incidence of ADHD, gut microbiota and gut homeostasis play critical roles in it. Gut dysbiosis and altered gut homeostasis are linked to several physical and psychological complications that affect gut–brain communication (the gut–brain axis). Probiotics, live microorganisms that confer a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts, are considered therapeutic supplements that can be used to manage mental and cognitive disorders. Intervention with probiotics can improve the gut microbial ecosystem and the gut–brain axis, thereby improving cognitive function. We hypothesized that the supplementation of Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 might reduce the risk of the development of neuropsychiatric disorders; thus, we evaluated the efficacy of L. paracasei HII01 on the attention state of healthy children and the changes in representative neuroinflammatory markers. Ten healthy Thai children were supplemented with 109 CFU of L. paracasei HII01 for 12 weeks. Go/no-go tasks were undertaken to assess changes in attention state. Alterations in brain waves were measured by electroencephalographic (EEG)/event-related potential (ERP) recordings. The levels of quinolinic acid (QA, a metabolite of tryptophan) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA, a metabolite of serotonin) were determined in the urine at baseline and after 12 weeks of probiotic intervention. The levels of QA and 5-HIAA significantly decreased and increased, respectively. The QA/5-HIAA ratio also decreased significantly. Go/No-go tasks revealed that the percentages of go accuracy and go error increased and decreased significantly, respectively. EEG/ERP recordings showed that theta, alpha, and beta waves were substantially altered at the 12th week of study compared to baseline values. The results suggested that L. paracasei HII01 might improve the gut microbiota and oscillate the brain function, which sustained the attention state of the subjects. These preliminary findings require further detailed study to confirm the role of L. paracasei HII01 in the improvement in the attention of healthy children.
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26
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Wong KF, Perini F, Lin J, Goldstein M, Ong JL, Lo J, Ong JC, Doshi K, Lim J. Dissociable changes in sleep architecture with mindfulness and sleep hygiene intervention in older adults: secondary and exploratory analysis of polysomnography data from the Mindfulness Sleep Therapy (MIST) trial. Sleep Health 2022; 8:364-372. [PMID: 35484069 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted a secondary analysis of the Mindfulness Sleep Therapy study, a randomized controlled trial testing Mindfulness-Based Therapy for Insomnia (MBTI) against a sleep hygiene education and exercise program (SHEEP). We investigated whether the interventions led to changes in sleep macroarchitecture (N2, N3 and REM), and microarchitecture (sleep fragmentation, slow wave activity, spectral band power) measured by ambulatory polysomnography (PSG). METHODS 48 MBTI and 46 SHEEP participants provided usable PSG and subjective sleep quality data both pre- and post intervention. The interventions consisted of 8 weekly 2-hour group sessions, and daily practice. PSG data were staged according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine criteria by 2 technicians blind to time point and condition. Repeated-measures ANOVA and permutation analysis were used to test for differences over time and between the interventions. RESULTS Self-reported sleep quality improved in both study groups. We observed significant increases in N2 in MBTI but not SHEEP (p = .045), and significant increases in N3 in SHEEP but not MBTI (p = .012). No significant differences over time or between group were observed in N1, REM, or sleep fragmentation. Higher frequency non-REM EEG power decreased in SHEEP but not MBTI. Slow wave activity and slow wave activity dissipation did not differ over time or between groups. Among all variables, significant time by group interactions were observed in only N3 and non-REM alpha power. CONCLUSIONS MBTI and sleep hygiene education had different effects on sleep macro and microarchitecture, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms of mindfulness training in improving sleep quality may differ from traditional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian F Wong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Francesca Perini
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Lin
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Goldstein
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ju Lynn Ong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - June Lo
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jason C Ong
- Department of Neurology, Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Illinois, USA
| | - Kinjal Doshi
- Department of Psychology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Julian Lim
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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27
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Insomnia Symptoms, Sleep Hygiene, Mental Health, and Academic Performance in Spanish University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071989. [PMID: 35407597 PMCID: PMC8999350 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insomnia has been associated with decreased academic performance and unhealthy behaviors in university students. Although many studies have analyzed sleep phenomenology among this population, only few have focused on insomnia and its related variables. In addition, such studies do not always include a clinical interview or a specific and validated instrument for measuring insomnia. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of insomnia symptoms and the relationship between insomnia and health habits, mental health, and academic performance in a large university student sample. Methods: Five hundred and eighty-two students were recruited from the University of Granada, Spain. Data were collected through an online survey with questions on sociodemographic and academic data and health habits as well as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Sleep Hygiene Index, and Sleepiness, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales. A multiple regression analysis explored the relationship between academic performance, health habits, mood state, and insomnia symptoms. Results: The prevalence of students with symptoms of insomnia was high (39.7%). A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that depression, sleep hygiene, stress and anxiety were significant predictors of insomnia symptoms. Multivariate analyses revealed that subjective insomnia symptoms, sleep efficiency, and depression were significantly correlated with academic performance in a dependent way. Conclusions: In university students, anxiety, stress, and poor sleep hygiene are risk factors for insomnia, which plays an important role in academic performance. Promoting sleep and mental health could be a potentially effective way to improve their academic performance.
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28
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DiNuzzo M, Mangia S, Giove F. Manipulations of sleep‐like slow‐wave activity by noninvasive brain stimulation. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:1218-1225. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro DiNuzzo
- Magnetic Resonance for Brain Investigation Laboratory Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro di Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi Rome Italy
| | - Silvia Mangia
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Federico Giove
- Magnetic Resonance for Brain Investigation Laboratory Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro di Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi Rome Italy
- Laboratory of Neurophysics and Neuroimaging Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS Rome Italy
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29
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Falter A, Van Den Bossche MJA. How non-rapid eye movement sleep and Alzheimer pathology are linked. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:1027-1038. [PMID: 34888171 PMCID: PMC8613758 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i11.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Research attempts to identify characteristic factors that are associated with the presence of the AD pathology on the one hand and that increase the risk of developing AD on the other. Changes in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep may meet both requirements for various reasons. First, NREM-sleep is important for optimal memory function. In addition, studies report that the presence of AD pathology is associated with NREM-sleep changes. Finally, more and more results appear to suggest that sleep problems are not only a symptom of AD but can also increase the risk of AD. Several of these studies suggest that it is primarily a lack of NREM-sleep that is responsible for this increased risk. However, the majority investigated sleep only through subjective reporting, as a result of which NREM-sleep could not be analyzed separately. The aim of this literature study is therefore to present the results of the studies that relate the AD pathology and NREM-sleep (registered by electroencephalography). Furthermore, we try to evaluate whether NREM-sleep analysis could be used to support the diagnosis of AD and whether NREM-sleep deficiency could be a causal factor in the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Falter
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Maarten J A Van Den Bossche
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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30
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Merino E, Raya-Salom D, Teruel-Martí V, Adell A, Cervera-Ferri A, Martínez-Ricós J. Effects of Acute Stress on the Oscillatory Activity of the Hippocampus-Amygdala-Prefrontal Cortex Network. Neuroscience 2021; 476:72-89. [PMID: 34543675 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Displaying a stress response to threatening stimuli is essential for survival. These reactions must be adjusted to be adaptive. Otherwise, even mental illnesses may develop. Describing the physiological stress response may contribute to distinguishing the abnormal responses that accompany the pathology, which may help to improve the development of both diagnoses and treatments. Recent advances have elucidated many of the processes and structures involved in stress response management; however, there is still much to unravel regarding this phenomenon. The main aim of the present research is to characterize the response of three brain areas deeply involved in the stress response (i.e., to an acute stressful experience). Specifically, the electrophysiological activity of the infralimbic division of the medial prefrontal cortex (IL), the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA), and the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) was recorded after the infusion of 0.5 µl of corticosterone-releasing factor into the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), a procedure which has been validated as a paradigm to cause acute stress. This procedure induced a delayed reduction in slow waves in the three structures, and an increase in faster oscillations, such as those in theta, beta, and gamma bands. The mutual information at low theta frequencies between the BLA and the IL increased, and the delta and slow wave mutual information decreased. The low theta-mid gamma phase-amplitude coupling increased within BLA, as well as between BLA and IL. This electrical pattern may facilitate the activation of these structures, in response to the stressor, and memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Merino
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Danae Raya-Salom
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Vicent Teruel-Martí
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Albert Adell
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander 39011, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Santander, Spain
| | - Ana Cervera-Ferri
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain.
| | - Joana Martínez-Ricós
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain.
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31
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Roig M, Cristini J, Parwanta Z, Ayotte B, Rodrigues L, de Las Heras B, Nepveu JF, Huber R, Carrier J, Steib S, Youngstedt SD, Wright DL. Exercising the Sleepy-ing Brain: Exercise, Sleep, and Sleep Loss on Memory. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2021; 50:38-48. [PMID: 34669627 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT We examine the novel hypothesis that physical exercise and sleep have synergistic effects on memory. Exercise can trigger mechanisms that can create an optimal brain state during sleep to facilitate memory processing. The possibility that exercise could counteract the deleterious effects of sleep deprivation on memory by protecting neuroplasticity is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Roig
- Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Montreal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation, Laval, Canada. School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada. Integrative Program of Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, Canada. Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Human Movement, Training and Active Aging Department, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Heidelberg University, Germany. College of Nursing and Health Innovation and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, USA. Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
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32
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Moreira CG, Baumann CR, Scandella M, Nemirovsky SI, Leach S, Huber R, Noain D. Closed-loop auditory stimulation method to modulate sleep slow waves and motor learning performance in rats. eLife 2021; 10:e68043. [PMID: 34612204 PMCID: PMC8530509 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Slow waves and cognitive output have been modulated in humans by phase-targeted auditory stimulation. However, to advance its technical development and further our understanding, implementation of the method in animal models is indispensable. Here, we report the successful employment of slow waves' phase-targeted closed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) in rats. To validate this new tool both conceptually and functionally, we tested the effects of up- and down-phase CLAS on proportions and spectral characteristics of sleep, and on learning performance in the single-pellet reaching task, respectively. Without affecting 24 hr sleep-wake behavior, CLAS specifically altered delta (slow waves) and sigma (sleep spindles) power persistently over chronic periods of stimulation. While up-phase CLAS does not elicit a significant change in behavioral performance, down-phase CLAS exerted a detrimental effect on overall engagement and success rate in the behavioral test. Overall CLAS-dependent spectral changes were positively correlated with learning performance. Altogether, our results provide proof-of-principle evidence that phase-targeted CLAS of slow waves in rodents is efficient, safe, and stable over chronic experimental periods, enabling the use of this high-specificity tool for basic and preclinical translational sleep research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Moreira
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Christian R Baumann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- University Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich (CRPP), University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ)ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Maurizio Scandella
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Sergio I Nemirovsky
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences (IQUIBICEN). CONICET – University of Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Sven Leach
- Child Development Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- University Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich (CRPP), University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ)ZurichSwitzerland
- Child Development Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Daniela Noain
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- University Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich (CRPP), University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ)ZurichSwitzerland
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33
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O'Hearn LA. The therapeutic properties of ketogenic diets, slow-wave sleep, and circadian synchrony. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2021; 28:503-508. [PMID: 34269711 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize emerging connections between sleep, ketogenic diets, and health. RECENT FINDINGS Mechanisms involved in the therapeutic benefits of ketogenic diets continue to be elucidated. Concurrently, the importance of sleep quality and circadian rhythms in their effects on metabolic and cognitive health is increasingly appreciated. Advances in the understanding of the actions of adenosine, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and slow-wave sleep underscore connections between these areas of research. SUMMARY Many molecular pathways activated during ketogenic diets are known to modulate sleep-wake cycles, circadian rhythms, and sleep stages. Ketogenic diets often have beneficial effects on sleep at the same time as having beneficial effects on particular medical conditions. Enhancement of slow-wave sleep and rejuvenation of circadian programming may be synergistic with or causally involved in the benefits of ketogenic diets.
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34
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Mueller C, Langenbruch LM, Rau JMH, Brix T, Strippel C, Dik A, Golombeck KS, Moenig C, Raeuber SJ, Kovac S, Wiendl H, Meuth SG, Bölte J, Johnen A, Melzer N. Determinants of cognition in autoimmune limbic encephalitis-A retrospective cohort study. Hippocampus 2021; 31:1092-1103. [PMID: 34270832 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) is the most common type of autoimmune encephalitis (AIE). Subacute memory disturbance, temporal lobe seizures, and psychiatric symptoms are clinical hallmarks of the disease. However, little is known on the factors contributing to cognitive functioning in ALE. Hence, we here investigate major determinants of cognitive functioning in ALE. In a retrospective analysis of 102 patients with ALE, we first compared verbal learning capacity, nonverbal learning capacity, and attentional and executive functioning by absence or presence of different types of neural autoantibodies (AABs). Subsequently we established three linear regression models including 63, 38, and 61 patients, respectively to investigate how cognitive functioning in these domains may depend on common markers of ALE such as intrathecal inflammation, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-barrier function, mesiotemporal epileptiform discharges and slowing, determined by electroencephalography (EEG) and structural mesiotemporal changes, measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We also accounted for possible effects of cancer- and immunotherapy and other centrally effective medication. There was no effect of AAB status on cognitive functioning. Although the regression models could not predict verbal and nonverbal learning capacity, structural mesiotemporal neural network alterations on T2-/fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR)-signal-weighted MRI and mesiotemporal epileptiform discharges or slowing on EEG exerted a significant impact on memory functions. In contrast, the regression model significantly predicted attentional and executive functioning with CSF white blood cell count and centrally effective medication being significant determinants. In this cohort, cognitive functioning in ALE does not depend on the AAB status. Common markers of ALE cannot predict memory functioning that only partially depends on structural and functional alterations of mesiotemporal neural networks. Common markers of ALE significantly predict attentional and executive functioning that is significantly related to centrally effective medication and CSF white blood cell count, which may point toward inflammation affecting brain regions beyond the limbic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Mueller
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lisa M Langenbruch
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Johanna M H Rau
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Brix
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christine Strippel
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andre Dik
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kristin S Golombeck
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Constanze Moenig
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Saskia J Raeuber
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stjepana Kovac
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens Bölte
- Institute of Psychology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Johnen
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nico Melzer
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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35
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Zahed H, Zuzuarregui JRP, Gilron R, Denison T, Starr PA, Little S. The Neurophysiology of Sleep in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1526-1542. [PMID: 33826171 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are among the most common nonmotor complications of Parkinson's disease (PD), can present in prodromal stages, and progress with advancing disease. In addition to being a symptom of neurodegeneration, sleep disturbances may also contribute to disease progression. Currently, limited options exist to modulate sleep disturbances in PD. Studying the neurophysiological changes that affect sleep in PD at the cortical and subcortical level may yield new insights into mechanisms for reversal of sleep disruption. In this article, we review cortical and subcortical recording studies of sleep in PD with a particular focus on dissecting reported electrophysiological changes. These studies show that slow-wave sleep and rapid eye movement sleep are both notably disrupted in PD. We further explore the impact of these electrophysiological changes and discuss the potential for targeting sleep via stimulation therapy to modify PD-related motor and nonmotor symptoms. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Zahed
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Ro'ee Gilron
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Timothy Denison
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip A Starr
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Simon Little
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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36
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Stavrou VT, Vavougios GD, Astara K, Siachpazidou DI, Papayianni E, Gourgoulianis KI. The 6-Minute Walk Test and Anthropometric Characteristics as Assessment Tools in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. A Preliminary Report during the Pandemic. J Pers Med 2021; 11:563. [PMID: 34208496 PMCID: PMC8234449 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) exhibit low cardio-fitness impact, attributed to fragmented sleep architecture and associated pathophysiological sequelae. The purpose of our study was to investigate fitness indicators during 6-min walk test (6MWT) and oxidative stress markers in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in OSAS patients stratified by severity. A total of 37 newly diagnosed patients, comorbidity-free, were divided into two groups: (Moderate OSAS (n = 12), defined as ≥ 15 AHI < 30 events per hour; Age: 50.7 ± 7.2 years, BMI: 32.5 ± 4.0 kg/m2 vs. Severe OSAS (n = 25), defined as AHΙ ≥ 30 events per hour; Age: 46.3 ± 10.4 years, BMI: 33.3 ± 7.9 kg/m2). Measurements included demographics, anthropometric characteristics, body composition, blood sampling for reactive oxygen metabolites' levels (d-ROM) and plasma antioxidant capacity (PAT), and followed by a 6MWT. AHI was significantly associated with d-ROMs levels, chest circumference in maximal inhalation and exhalation (Δchest), neck circumference, as well as 6MWT-derived indices. In conclusion, our study determines bidirectional interrelationships between OSAS severity and anthropometrics, body composition, and fitness metrics. These findings indicate that the impact of OSAS should be evaluated well beyond polysomnography-derived parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios T. Stavrou
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.A.); (E.P.); (K.I.G.)
| | - George D. Vavougios
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (G.D.V.); (D.I.S.)
- Department of Computer Science and Telecommunications, University of Thessaly, 35131 Lamia, Greece
- Department of Neurology, Athens Naval Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Astara
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.A.); (E.P.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Dimitra I. Siachpazidou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (G.D.V.); (D.I.S.)
| | - Eirini Papayianni
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.A.); (E.P.); (K.I.G.)
| | - Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.A.); (E.P.); (K.I.G.)
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (G.D.V.); (D.I.S.)
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37
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Sleep abnormalities in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:328-334. [PMID: 33744512 PMCID: PMC8085028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Youth at clinical high risk (CHR) represent a unique population enriched for precursors of major psychiatric disorders. Sleep disturbances are consistently reported in CHR individuals. However, there is a dearth of studies investigating quantifiable objective measures of sleep dysfunction in CHR youth. In this study, sleep high density (hd)-EEG recordings were collected in twenty-two CHR and twenty healthy control (HC) subjects. Sleep architecture parameters, as well as sleep EEG power spectra in five frequency bands, were computed and compared between CHR and HC groups during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Furthermore, correlation analyses between sleep EEG power spectra, sleep architecture parameters, and clinical symptoms, assessed with the scale of prodromal symptoms (SOPS), were conducted in CHR participants. Our results show that CHR individuals had more wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) compared to HC participants. CHR also showed a higher NREM sleep gamma EEG power, which was observed in a large fronto-parieto-occipital area, relative to HC. Additionally, higher NREM gamma activity in lateral fronto-occipital regions was associated with more WASO, and increased NREM gamma power in medial fronto/parietal areas correlated with worse SOPS negative symptoms. Altogether, these findings suggest that topographically specific increases in EEG gamma activity during NREM sleep represent neurophysiological signatures underlying some of the objectively assessed sleep disturbances and clinical symptoms of CHR individuals.
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38
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Aguilar DD, Radzik LK, Schiffino FL, Folorunso OO, Zielinski MR, Coyle JT, Balu DT, McNally JM. Altered neural oscillations and behavior in a genetic mouse model of NMDA receptor hypofunction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9031. [PMID: 33907230 PMCID: PMC8079688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarkers occur in patients with schizophrenia and those clinically at high risk for transition to psychosis and are associated with cognitive impairment. Converging evidence suggests N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction plays a central role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and likely contributes to biomarker impairments. Thus, characterizing these biomarkers is of significant interest for early diagnosis of schizophrenia and development of novel treatments. We utilized in vivo EEG recordings and behavioral analyses to perform a battery of electrophysiological biomarkers in an established model of chronic NMDAR hypofunction, serine racemase knockout (SRKO) mice, and their wild-type littermates. SRKO mice displayed impairments in investigation-elicited gamma power that corresponded with reduced short-term social recognition and enhanced background (pre-investigation) gamma activity. Additionally, SRKO mice exhibited sensory gating impairments in both evoked-gamma power and event-related potential amplitude. However, other biomarkers including the auditory steady-state response, sleep spindles, and state-specific power spectral density were generally neurotypical. In conclusion, SRKO mice demonstrate how chronic NMDAR hypofunction contributes to deficits in certain translationally-relevant EEG biomarkers altered in schizophrenia. Importantly, our gamma band findings suggest an aberrant signal-to-noise ratio impairing cognition that occurs with NMDAR hypofunction, potentially tied to impaired task-dependent alteration in functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David D Aguilar
- VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Leana K Radzik
- Department of Neuroscience, Stonehill College, Easton, MA, USA
| | - Felipe L Schiffino
- VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oluwarotimi O Folorunso
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Mark R Zielinski
- VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph T Coyle
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Laboratory of Psychiatric and Molecular Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Darrick T Balu
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - James M McNally
- VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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39
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Rosinvil T, Bouvier J, Dubé J, Lafrenière A, Bouchard M, Cyr-Cronier J, Gosselin N, Carrier J, Lina JM. Are age and sex effects on sleep slow waves only a matter of electroencephalogram amplitude? Sleep 2021; 44:5905593. [PMID: 32929490 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with reduced slow wave (SW) density (number SW/min in nonrapid-eye movement sleep) and amplitude. It has been proposed that an age-related decrease in SW density may be due to a reduction in electroencephalogram (EEG) amplitude instead of a decline in the capacity to generate SW. Here, we propose a data-driven approach to adapt SW amplitude criteria to age and sex. We predicted that the adapted criteria would reduce age and sex differences in SW density and SW characteristics but would not abolish them. A total of 284 healthy younger and older adults participated in one night of sleep EEG recording. We defined age- and sex-adapted SW criteria in a first cohort of younger (n = 97) and older (n = 110) individuals using a signal-to-noise ratio approach. We then used these age- and sex-specific criteria in an independent second cohort (n = 77, 38 younger and 39 older adults) to evaluate age and sex differences on SW density and SW characteristics. After adapting SW amplitude criteria, we showed maintenance of an age-related difference for SW density whereas the sex-related difference vanished. Indeed, older adults produced less SW compared with younger adults. Specifically, the adapted SW amplitude criteria increased the probability of occurrence of low amplitude SW (<80 µV) for older men especially. Our results thereby confirm an age-related decline in SW generation rather than an artifact in the detection amplitude criteria. As for the SW characteristics, the age- and sex-adapted criteria display reproducible effects across the two independent cohorts suggesting a more reliable inventory of the SW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaïna Rosinvil
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Institut Universitaire Gériatrique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Justin Bouvier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Dubé
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Institut Universitaire Gériatrique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Lafrenière
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Institut Universitaire Gériatrique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maude Bouchard
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Institut Universitaire Gériatrique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessica Cyr-Cronier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nadia Gosselin
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Carrier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Center, Institut Universitaire Gériatrique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Lina
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS-NÎM-Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Electrical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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40
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Wood KH, Memon AA, Memon RA, Joop A, Pilkington J, Catiul C, Gerstenecker A, Triebel K, Cutter G, Bamman MM, Miocinovic S, Amara AW. Slow Wave Sleep and EEG Delta Spectral Power are Associated with Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:703-714. [PMID: 33361608 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive and sleep dysfunction are common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVE Determine the relationship between slow wave sleep (SWS) and cognitive performance in PD. METHODS Thirty-two PD participants were evaluated with polysomnography and a comprehensive level II neurocognitive battery, as defined by the Movement Disorders Society Task Force for diagnosis of PD-mild cognitive impairment. Raw scores for each test were transformed into z-scores using normative data. Z-scores were averaged to obtain domain scores, and domain scores were averaged to determine the Composite Cognitive Score (CCS), the primary outcome. Participants were grouped by percent of SWS into High SWS and Low SWS groups and compared on CCS and other outcomes using 2-sided t-tests or Mann-Whitney U. Correlations of cognitive outcomes with sleep architecture and EEG spectral power were performed. RESULTS Participants in the High SWS group demonstrated better global cognitive function (CCS) (p = 0.01, effect size: r = 0.45). In exploratory analyses, the High SWS group showed better performance in domains of executive function (effect size: Cohen's d = 1.05), language (d = 0.95), and processing speed (d = 1.12). Percentage of SWS was correlated with global cognition and executive function, language, and processing speed. Frontal EEG delta power during N3 was correlated with the CCS and executive function. Cognition was not correlated with subjective sleep quality. CONCLUSION Increased SWS and higher delta spectral power are associated with better cognitive performance in PD. This demonstrates the significant relationship between sleep and cognitive function and suggests that interventions to improve sleep might improve cognition in individuals with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly H Wood
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Psychology, Samford University, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Adeel A Memon
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Raima A Memon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Allen Joop
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jennifer Pilkington
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Corina Catiul
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Adam Gerstenecker
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kristen Triebel
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gary Cutter
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Marcas M Bamman
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Amy W Amara
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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41
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Ruch S, Fehér K, Homan S, Morishima Y, Mueller SM, Mueller SV, Dierks T, Grieder M. Bi-Temporal Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation during Slow-Wave Sleep Boosts Slow-Wave Density but Not Memory Consolidation. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11040410. [PMID: 33805063 PMCID: PMC8064104 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11040410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Slow-wave sleep (SWS) has been shown to promote long-term consolidation of episodic memories in hippocampo–neocortical networks. Previous research has aimed to modulate cortical sleep slow-waves and spindles to facilitate episodic memory consolidation. Here, we instead aimed to modulate hippocampal activity during slow-wave sleep using transcranial direct current stimulation in 18 healthy humans. A pair-associate episodic memory task was used to evaluate sleep-dependent memory consolidation with face–occupation stimuli. Pre- and post-nap retrieval was assessed as a measure of memory performance. Anodal stimulation with 2 mA was applied bilaterally over the lateral temporal cortex, motivated by its particularly extensive connections to the hippocampus. The participants slept in a magnetic resonance (MR)-simulator during the recordings to test the feasibility for a future MR-study. We used a sham-controlled, double-blind, counterbalanced randomized, within-subject crossover design. We show that stimulation vs. sham significantly increased slow-wave density and the temporal coupling of fast spindles and slow-waves. While retention of episodic memories across sleep was not affected across the entire sample of participants, it was impaired in participants with below-average pre-sleep memory performance. Hence, bi-temporal anodal direct current stimulation applied during sleep enhanced sleep parameters that are typically involved in memory consolidation, but it failed to improve memory consolidation and even tended to impair consolidation in poor learners. These findings suggest that artificially enhancing memory-related sleep parameters to improve memory consolidation can actually backfire in those participants who are in most need of memory improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ruch
- Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory and Consciousness, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Institute for Neuromodulation and Neurotechnology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Fehér
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland; (K.F.); (S.H.); (Y.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Stephanie Homan
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland; (K.F.); (S.H.); (Y.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.V.M.); (T.D.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yosuke Morishima
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland; (K.F.); (S.H.); (Y.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Sarah Maria Mueller
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland; (K.F.); (S.H.); (Y.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Stefanie Verena Mueller
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland; (K.F.); (S.H.); (Y.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Thomas Dierks
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland; (K.F.); (S.H.); (Y.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.V.M.); (T.D.)
| | - Matthias Grieder
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland; (K.F.); (S.H.); (Y.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.V.M.); (T.D.)
- Correspondence:
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42
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Basile C, Gigliotti F, Cesario S, Bruni O. The relation between sleep and neurocognitive development in infancy and early childhood: A neuroscience perspective. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 60:9-27. [PMID: 33641802 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is essential for human life. It has different characteristics in the early stages of life compared to later periods: during development, qualitative and quantitative changes in sleep features occur such as the onset of REM/NREM sleep at 3 months, the progressive increase of night sleep duration, and the reduction of total sleep time. Sleep seems to be essential in the cognitive functions' development, especially in the first period of life. Indeed, higher rates of night sleep at the age of 12 and 18 months are associated with higher executive functions' performance. Furthermore, memory consolidation occurs during sleep and sleep contributes to children's learning not only in retaining information but also in organizing memories most efficiently. Therefore, sleep problems could cause negative effects on some features of cognitive development like memory, executive functions, and learning process. There is also an intimate relationship between sleep and regulation of emotional brain functions, with a link between sleep disturbance and behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Basile
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Gigliotti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Cesario
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Fehér KD, Wunderlin M, Maier JG, Hertenstein E, Schneider CL, Mikutta C, Züst MA, Klöppel S, Nissen C. Shaping the slow waves of sleep: A systematic and integrative review of sleep slow wave modulation in humans using non-invasive brain stimulation. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 58:101438. [PMID: 33582581 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The experimental study of electroencephalographic slow wave sleep (SWS) stretches over more than half a century and has corroborated its importance for basic physiological processes, such as brain plasticity, metabolism and immune system functioning. Alterations of SWS in aging or pathological conditions suggest that modulating SWS might constitute a window for clinically relevant interventions. This work provides a systematic and integrative review of SWS modulation through non-invasive brain stimulation in humans. A literature search using PubMed, conducted in May 2020, identified 3220 studies, of which 82 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Three approaches have been adopted to modulate the macro- and microstructure of SWS, namely auditory, transcranial electrical and transcranial magnetic stimulation. Our current knowledge about the modulatory mechanisms, the space of stimulation parameters and the physiological and behavioral effects are reported and evaluated. The integration of findings suggests that sleep slow wave modulation bears the potential to promote our understanding of the functions of SWS and to develop new treatments for conditions of disrupted SWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer D Fehér
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marina Wunderlin
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan G Maier
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Hertenstein
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carlotta L Schneider
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Mikutta
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland; Privatklinik Meiringen, Meiringen, Switzerland
| | - Marc A Züst
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Nissen
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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44
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LaGoy AD, Kaskie R, Connaboy C, Germain A, Ferrarelli F. Overnight Sleep Parameter Increases in Frontoparietal Areas Predict Working Memory Improvements in Healthy Participants But Not in Individuals With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2021; 6:1110-1117. [PMID: 33757792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preliminary evidence indicates that non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep is implicated in enhancing working memory (WM) performance across days in healthy individuals. While REM sleep has been implicated in other forms of memory, its role in WM remains unclear. Further, the relationship between sleep changes and WM improvement is largely unknown in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Examining the relationship between changes in sleep and WM improvement in healthy participants and participants with PTSD may inform cognitive enhancement strategies and intervention targets. METHODS Repeated assessments of WM and overnight measurement of NREM and REM sleep parameters were performed in 79 participants (participants with PTSD: n = 33) during a 48-hour laboratory stay. Relationships between sleep parameter changes, WM performance changes, and clinical characteristics were analyzed in PTSD and healthy groups. RESULTS A between-night enhancement in both NREM and REM sleep parameters in frontoparietal areas predicted across-day better WM performance in healthy participants, particularly in those with improved performance. In contrast, in participants with PTSD, an enhancement of these sleep parameters predicted a worse WM performance and was also associated with more PTSD-related sleep disturbances. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that higher sleep activity in frontoparietal areas leads to enhanced WM performance in healthy individuals, whereas in individuals with PTSD, it likely reflects the presence of sleep disturbances that interfere with WM improvement. Interventions focused on addressing sleep disturbances could therefore ameliorate cognitive impairments in individuals with PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice D LaGoy
- Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rachel Kaskie
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher Connaboy
- Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne Germain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Fabio Ferrarelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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45
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Wang Y, Burghardt TP, Worrell GA, Wang HL. The frequency-dependent effect of electrical fields on the mobility of intracellular vesicles in astrocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 534:429-435. [PMID: 33280815 PMCID: PMC8215681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Slow-wave sleep, defined by low frequency (<4 Hz) electrical brain activity, is a basic brain function affecting metabolite clearance and memory consolidation. The origin of low-frequency activity is related to cortical up and down states, but the underlying cellular mechanism of how low-frequency activities affect metabolite clearance and memory consolidation has remained elusive. We applied electrical stimulation with voltages comparable to in vivo sleep recordings over a range of frequencies to cultured glial astrocytes while monitored the trafficking of GFP-tagged intracellular vesicles using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM). We found that during low frequency (2 Hz) electrical stimulation the mobility of intracellular vesicle increased more than 20%, but remained unchanged under intermediate (20 Hz) or higher (200 Hz) frequency stimulation. We demonstrated a frequency-dependent effect of electrical stimulation on the mobility of astrocytic intracellular vesicles. We suggest a novel mechanism of brain modulation that electrical signals in the lower range frequencies embedded in brainwaves modulate the functionality of astrocytes for brain homeostasis and memory consolidation. The finding suggests a physiological mechanism whereby endogenous low-frequency brain oscillations enhance astrocytic function that may underlie some of the benefits of slow-wave sleep and highlights possible medical device approach for treating neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Wang
- Neurology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Thomas P Burghardt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gregory A Worrell
- Neurology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Hai-Long Wang
- Neurology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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46
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Djonlagic I, Mariani S, Fitzpatrick AL, Van Der Klei VMGTH, Johnson DA, Wood AC, Seeman T, Nguyen HT, Prerau MJ, Luchsinger JA, Dzierzewski JM, Rapp SR, Tranah GJ, Yaffe K, Burdick KE, Stone KL, Redline S, Purcell SM. Macro and micro sleep architecture and cognitive performance in older adults. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:123-145. [PMID: 33199858 PMCID: PMC9881675 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-00964-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We sought to determine which facets of sleep neurophysiology were most strongly linked to cognitive performance in 3,819 older adults from two independent cohorts, using whole-night electroencephalography. From over 150 objective sleep metrics, we identified 23 that predicted cognitive performance, and processing speed in particular, with effects that were broadly independent of gross changes in sleep quality and quantity. These metrics included rapid eye movement duration, features of the electroencephalography power spectra derived from multivariate analysis, and spindle and slow oscillation morphology and coupling. These metrics were further embedded within broader associative networks linking sleep with aging and cardiometabolic disease: individuals who, compared with similarly aged peers, had better cognitive performance tended to have profiles of sleep metrics more often seen in younger, healthier individuals. Taken together, our results point to multiple facets of sleep neurophysiology that track coherently with underlying, age-dependent determinants of cognitive and physical health trajectories in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Djonlagic
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara Mariani
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Teresa Seeman
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ha T Nguyen
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Prerau
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Stephen R Rapp
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Gregory J Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katherine E Burdick
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie L Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shaun M Purcell
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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47
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Wunderlin M, Züst MA, Fehér KD, Klöppel S, Nissen C. The role of slow wave sleep in the development of dementia and its potential for preventative interventions. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 306:111178. [PMID: 32919869 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increasing incidence rate of dementia underlines the necessity to identify early biomarkers of imminent cognitive decline. Recent findings suggest that cognitive decline and the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease are closely linked to disruptions in slow wave sleep (SWS) - the deepest sleep stage. SWS is essential for memory functions and displays a potentially causal and bidirectional link to the accumulation of amyloid beta deposition. Accordingly, improving SWS in older adults - especially when at risk for dementia - might slow down the rate of cognitive decline. Recent work suggests that SWS can be improved by specifically targeting the electrophysiological peaks of the slow waves with acoustic stimulation. In older adults, this approach is still fairly new and accompanied by challenges posed by the specific complexity of their sleep physiology, like lower amplitude slow waves and fragmented sleep architecture. We suggest an approach that tackles these issues and attempts to re-instate a sleep physiology that resembles a younger, healthier brain. With enough SWS of high quality, metabolic clearance and memory functions could benefit and help slowing the process of cognitive aging. Ultimately, acoustic stimulation to enhance SWS could serve as a cost-effective, non-invasive tool to combat cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Wunderlin
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland.
| | - Marc Alain Züst
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland
| | - Kristoffer Daniel Fehér
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Nissen
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland
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48
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Amara AW. Sleep and cognition in Parkinson's disease. Sleep Med 2020; 73:179-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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49
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Scholes S, Santisteban JA, Zhang Y, Bertone A, Gruber R. Modulation of Slow-Wave Sleep: Implications for Psychiatry. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2020; 22:52. [PMID: 32710222 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-020-01175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The objectives of this review are to examine and integrate existing empirical evidence regarding the impact of slow-wave sleep (SWS) modulation on memory and executive function performance in individuals with psychiatric disorders, and to examine the feasibility of integrating SWS modulation into psychiatric care. RECENT FINDINGS SWS modulation in individuals with psychiatric disorders resulted in changes to SWS across multiple psychiatric disorders, using all stimulation methods. SWS stimulation was associated with improved cognitive performance. SWS modulation using acoustic stimulation resulted in improved cognitive performance in children with ADHD, and the use of transcranial stimulation was associated with improved cognitive performance in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Significant relationships between changes in SWS and cognitive improvement were found for individual with mild cognitive impairment following the use of acoustic or transcranial stimulation night. Our review reveals partial support to the potential efficacy of SWS modulation as a transdiagnostic intervention that uses sleep to improve cognitive functions of individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disorders and cognitive deficits. It further highlights multiple barriers pertaining to the feasibility of integrating SWS modulation into clinical practice and proposes ways to improve it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Scholes
- Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Verdun, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.,Perceptual Neuroscience Lab (PNLab) for Autism, Development Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - J A Santisteban
- Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Verdun, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Armando Bertone
- Perceptual Neuroscience Lab (PNLab) for Autism, Development Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Reut Gruber
- Attention, Behaviour and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Verdun, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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50
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Diep C, Ftouni S, Manousakis JE, Nicholas CL, Drummond SPA, Anderson C. Acoustic slow wave sleep enhancement via a novel, automated device improves executive function in middle-aged men. Sleep 2020; 43:5613713. [PMID: 31691831 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES As slow-wave activity (SWA) is critical for cognition, SWA-enhancing technologies provide an exciting opportunity to improve cognitive function. We focus on improving cognitive function beyond sleep-dependent memory consolidation, using an automated device, and in middle-aged adults, who have depleted SWA yet a critical need for maximal cognitive capacity in work environments. METHODS Twenty-four healthy adult males aged 35-48 years participated in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Participants wore an automated acoustic stimulation device that monitored real-time sleep EEG. Following an adaptation night, participants were exposed to either acoustic tones delivered on the up phase of the slow-wave (STIM) or inaudible "tones" during equivalent periods of stimulation (SHAM). An executive function test battery was administered after the experimental night. RESULTS STIM resulted in an increase in delta (0.5-4 Hz) activity across the full-night spectra, with enhancement being maximal at 1 Hz. SWA was higher for STIM relative to SHAM. Although no group differences were observed in any cognitive outcomes, due to large individual differences in SWA enhancement, higher SWA responders showed significantly improved verbal fluency and working memory compared with nonresponders. Significant positive associations were found between SWA enhancement and improvement in these executive function outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that (1) an automated acoustic device enhances SWA; (2) SWA enhancement improves executive function; (3) SWA enhancement in middle-aged men may be an important therapeutic target for enhancing cognitive function; and (4) there is a need to examine interindividual responses to acoustic stimulation and its effect on subsequent cognitive function. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This study has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. "The efficacy of acoustic tones in slow-wave sleep enhancement and cognitive function in healthy adult males". https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371548&isReview=true. REGISTRATION ACTRN12617000399392.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine Diep
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzanne Ftouni
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica E Manousakis
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christian L Nicholas
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean P A Drummond
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clare Anderson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety and Productivity, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
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