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Xu L, Lin W, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Chen Z. The Diverse Network of Brain Histamine in Feeding: Dissect its Functions in a Circuit-Specific Way. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:241-259. [PMID: 36424776 PMCID: PMC10788888 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221117153755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Feeding is an intrinsic and important behavior regulated by complex molecular, cellular and circuit-level mechanisms, one of which is the brain histaminergic network. In the past decades, many studies have provided a foundation of knowledge about the relationship between feeding and histamine receptors, which are deemed to have therapeutic potential but are not successful in treating feeding- related diseases. Indeed, the histaminergic circuits underlying feeding are poorly understood and characterized. This review describes current knowledge of histamine in feeding at the receptor level. Further, we provide insight into putative histamine-involved feeding circuits based on the classic feeding circuits. Understanding the histaminergic network in a circuit-specific way may be therapeutically relevant for increasing the drug specificity and precise treatment in feeding-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Xu
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenkai Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanrong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Mika K, Szafarz M, Zadrożna M, Nowak B, Bednarski M, Szczepańska K, Pociecha K, Kubacka M, Nicosia N, Juda I, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Kotańska M. KSK-74: Dual Histamine H3 and Sigma-2 Receptor Ligand with Anti-Obesity Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137011. [PMID: 35806019 PMCID: PMC9266460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies involving compounds that enhance histamine release, such as histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists, have shown efficacy in inhibiting weight gain, but none have passed clinical trials. As part of the search for H3 receptor ligands that have additional properties, the aim of this study is to evaluate the activity in the reduction in weight gain in a rat model of excessive eating, as well as the impact on selected metabolic parameters, and the number and size of adipocytes of two new H3R antagonists, KSK-60 and KSK-74, which also exert a significant affinity at the sigma-2 receptor. Compounds KSK-60 and KSK-74 are homologues and the elongation of the distal part of the molecule resulted in an approximate two-fold reduction in affinity at H3R, but simultaneously an almost two-fold increase in affinity at the sigma-2 receptor. Animals fed palatable feed and receiving KSK-60 or KSK-74 both at 10 mg/kg b.w. gained significantly less weight than animals in the control obese group. Moreover, KSK-74 significantly compensated for metabolic disturbances that accompany obesity, such as an increase in plasma triglyceride, resistin, and leptin levels; improved glucose tolerance; and protected experimental animals against adipocyte hypertrophy. Furthermore, KSK-74 inhibited the development of inflammation in obesity-exposed adipose tissue. The in vivo pharmacological activity of the tested ligands appears to correlate with the affinity at the sigma-2 receptors; however, the explanation of this phenomenon requires further and extended research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Mika
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (K.M.); (M.B.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Małgorzata Szafarz
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (M.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Monika Zadrożna
- Department of Cytobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (B.N.); (I.J.)
| | - Barbara Nowak
- Department of Cytobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (B.N.); (I.J.)
| | - Marek Bednarski
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (K.M.); (M.B.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Katarzyna Szczepańska
- Technology and Biotechnology of Medical Remedies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (K.S.); (K.K.-K.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Cracow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pociecha
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (M.S.); (K.P.)
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (K.M.); (M.B.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Noemi Nicosia
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (K.M.); (M.B.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
- Foundation “Prof. Antonio Imbesi”, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Izabela Juda
- Department of Cytobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (B.N.); (I.J.)
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Technology and Biotechnology of Medical Remedies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (K.S.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (K.M.); (M.B.); (M.K.); (N.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-12-6205530
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Xu L, Lin W, Zheng Y, Chen J, Fang Z, Tan N, Hu W, Guo Y, Wang Y, Chen Z. An H2R-dependent medial septum histaminergic circuit mediates feeding behavior. Curr Biol 2022; 32:1937-1948.e5. [PMID: 35338850 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel targets for treating feeding-related diseases are of great importance, and histamine has long been considered an anorexigenic agent. However, understanding its functions in feeding in a circuit-specific way is still limited. Here, we report a medial septum (MS)-projecting histaminergic circuit mediating feeding behavior. This MS-projecting histaminergic circuit is functionally inhibited during food consumption, and bidirectionally modulates feeding behavior via downstream H2, but not H1, receptors on MS glutamatergic neurons. Further, we observed a pathological decrease of histamine 2 receptors (H2Rs) expression in MS glutamatergic neurons in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice. Genetically, down-regulation of H2Rs expression in MS glutamatergic neurons accelerates body-weight gain. Importantly, chronic activation of H2Rs in MS glutamatergic neurons (with its clinical agonist amthamine) significantly slowed down the body-weight gain in DIO mice, providing a possible clinical utility to treat obesity. Together, our results demonstrate that this MS-projecting histaminergic circuit is critically involved in feeding, and H2Rs in MS glutamatergic neurons is a promising target for treating body-weight problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Xu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenkai Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanrong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jialu Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhuowen Fang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Na Tan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Zheng Y, Chen Z. Targeting Histamine and Histamine Receptors for the Precise Regulation of Feeding. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 59:355-387. [PMID: 34622397 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Histamine has long been accepted as an anorexigenic agent. However, lines of evidence have suggested that the roles of histamine in feeding behaviors are much more complex than previously thought, being involved in satiety, satiation, feeding motivation, feeding circadian rhythm, and taste perception and memory. The functional diversity of histamine makes it a viable target for clinical management of obesity and other feeding-related disorders. Here, we update the current knowledge about the functions of histamine in feeding and summarize the underlying molecular and neural circuit mechanisms. Finally, we review the main clinical studies about the impacts of histamine-related compounds on weight control and discuss insights into future research on the roles of histamine in feeding. Despite the recent progress in histamine research, the histaminergic feeding circuits are poorly understood, and it is also worth verifying the functions of histamine receptors in a more spatiotemporally specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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A Duet Between Histamine and Oleoylethanolamide in the Control of Homeostatic and Cognitive Processes. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 59:389-410. [PMID: 34410679 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In ballet, a pas de deux (in French it means "step of two") is a duet in which the two dancers perform ballet steps together. The suite of dances shares a common theme of partnership. How could we better describe the fine interplay between oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and histamine, two phylogenetically ancient molecules controlling metabolic, homeostatic and cognitive processes? Contrary to the pas de deux though, the two dancers presumably never embrace each other as a dancing pair but execute their "virtuoso solo" constantly exchanging interoceptive messages presumably via vagal afferents, the blood stream, the neuroenteric system. With one exception, which is in the control of liver ketogenesis, as in hepatocytes, OEA biosynthesis strictly depends on the activation of histaminergic H1 receptors. In this review, we recapitulate our main findings that evidence the interplay of histamine and OEA in the control of food consumption and eating behaviour, in the consolidation of emotional memory and mood, and finally, in the synthesis of ketone bodies. We will also summarise some of the putative underlying mechanisms for each scenario.
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6
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Lyu Y, Yang H, Chen L. Metabolic regulation on the immune environment of glioma through gut microbiota. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:990-997. [PMID: 33971263 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis has paved our way in understanding varieties of disease. The gut microbiota especially the bacterial population plays critical roles in immune system development and function. Glioma comprises 80 percent of malignant brain cancer and glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant kind. GBM has a reputation for its suppressive immune environment and poor patient prognosis. Moreover, altered metabolites from gut microbiota affect both systemic immune and central nervous system (CNS) immunity. Here we will focus on the crosstalk between gut microbiota and GBM, and further explore how this communication contributes to glioma initiation and development. Finally, we highlight the latest insights on the metabolic regulation of immunity through gut microbiota, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lyu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Institute for Translational Brain Research, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
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7
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Diet, Microbioma, and Diabetes in Aging. CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13670-020-00339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Antidepressant-like activity and safety profile evaluation of 1H-imidazo[2,1-f]purine-2,4(3H,8H)-dione derivatives as 5-HT1A receptor partial agonists. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237196. [PMID: 32764777 PMCID: PMC7413516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Current antidepressant therapy has several disadvantages related to the properties of antidepressants. Considering their unfavourable features, the process of searching for new antidepressant drugs with better safety and tolerability requires consistent efforts and many complementary studies. Serotonin 5-HT1A receptor is considered as an interesting target of antidepressant therapy. In the present study, the intrinsic activity at different signaling pathways coupled to serotonin 5-HT1A receptor, antidepressant-like and pharmacokinetic properties, and the safety profile of two novel imidazopurine-2,4-dione derivatives, namely compounds AZ-853 (8-(4-(4-(2-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H- imidazo[2,1-f]purine-2,4(3H,8H)-dione) and AZ-861 (1,3-dimethyl-8-(4-(4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-1H-imidazo[2,1-f]purine-2,4(3H,8H)-dione), were studied in animal models through in vitro and in vivo experiments. We demonstrated that AZ-853 and AZ-861, which structurally differ by one substituent and its placement in the phenyl ring, showed varied functional, pharmacological, and pharmacokinetic properties as well as side effect profiles. AZ-861 exhibited stronger agonistic action in all functional assays. After acute and repeated administration in mice, both compounds showed antidepressant-like activity in the forced swim test, which was partially mediated by 5-HT1A receptor activation. AZ-853 showed a more potent antidepressant-like effect, presumably due to its better penetration into brain structures. Both compounds did not show anticholinergic properties, but after repeated administration, they induced weak sedation and lipid metabolism disturbances without affecting serum glucose level. The stronger α1-adrenolytic effect of AZ-853 is responsible for decreased systolic blood pressure, and in contrast to AZ-861, AZ-853 induced weight gain in mice. The interesting comparative pharmacological profiles of AZ-853 and AZ-861 encourage to conduct further experiments to fully understand their mechanisms and differences in action.
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Wang G, Huang S, Wang Y, Cai S, Yu H, Liu H, Zeng X, Zhang G, Qiao S. Bridging intestinal immunity and gut microbiota by metabolites. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3917-3937. [PMID: 31250035 PMCID: PMC6785585 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is the site of nutrient digestion and absorption and is also colonized by diverse, highly mutualistic microbes. The intestinal microbiota has diverse effects on the development and function of the gut-specific immune system, and provides some protection from infectious pathogens. However, interactions between intestinal immunity and microorganisms are very complex, and recent studies have revealed that this intimate crosstalk may depend on the production and sensing abilities of multiple bioactive small molecule metabolites originating from direct produced by the gut microbiota or by the metabolism of dietary components. Here, we review the interplay between the host immune system and the microbiota, how commensal bacteria regulate the production of metabolites, and how these microbiota-derived products influence the function of several major innate and adaptive immune cells involved in modulating host immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Kaar SJ, Natesan S, McCutcheon R, Howes OD. Antipsychotics: Mechanisms underlying clinical response and side-effects and novel treatment approaches based on pathophysiology. Neuropharmacology 2019; 172:107704. [PMID: 31299229 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Antipsychotic drugs are central to the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders but are ineffective for some patients and associated with side-effects and nonadherence in others. We review the in vitro, pre-clinical, clinical and molecular imaging evidence on the mode of action of antipsychotics and their side-effects. This identifies the key role of striatal dopamine D2 receptor blockade for clinical response, but also for endocrine and motor side-effects, indicating a therapeutic window for D2 blockade. We consider how partial D2/3 receptor agonists fit within this framework, and the role of off-target effects of antipsychotics, particularly at serotonergic, histaminergic, cholinergic, and adrenergic receptors for efficacy and side-effects such as weight gain, sedation and dysphoria. We review the neurobiology of schizophrenia relevant to the mode of action of antipsychotics, and for the identification of new treatment targets. This shows elevated striatal dopamine synthesis and release capacity in dorsal regions of the striatum underlies the positive symptoms of psychosis and suggests reduced dopamine release in cortical regions contributes to cognitive and negative symptoms. Current drugs act downstream of the major dopamine abnormalities in schizophrenia, and potentially worsen cortical dopamine function. We consider new approaches including targeting dopamine synthesis and storage, autoreceptors, and trace amine receptors, and the cannabinoid, muscarinic, GABAergic and glutamatergic regulation of dopamine neurons, as well as post-synaptic modulation through phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Finally, we consider treatments for cognitive and negative symptoms such dopamine agonists, nicotinic agents and AMPA modulators before discussing immunological approaches which may be disease modifying. This article is part of the issue entitled 'Special Issue on Antipsychotics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Kaar
- Department of Psychosis Studies, 5th Floor, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, PO63 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Sridhar Natesan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, 5th Floor, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, PO63 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Robert McCutcheon
- Department of Psychosis Studies, 5th Floor, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, PO63 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, 5th Floor, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, PO63 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
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11
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Olten B, Bloch MH. Meta regression: Relationship between antipsychotic receptor binding profiles and side-effects. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:272-281. [PMID: 29410000 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to examine the association between antipsychotic receptor binding profiles and the magnitude of common side-effects. We used regression analysis to examine the association between the receptor binding affinities of antipsychotic agents (log Ki) and degree of specific antipsychotic side-effects. Data on magnitude of weight gain, prolactin increase and QTc prolongation (in Standardized Mean Difference) and risk of sedation and extrapyramidal symptoms (in Odds Ratio) between individual antipsychotic medications as compared to placebo was based on a recent network meta-analysis examining the treatment of schizophrenia. Receptor affinities (in log Ki) were examined for the D2, 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, H1, alpha1, alpha2, M1, M3 and M4 receptors. Medications were weighted in the analysis using the generic inverse variance method utilizing variance estimates from the previous meta-analysis. Magnitude of weight gain was significantly associated with the affinity of antipsychotic medications to M1, M3, 5-HT2C and H1 receptors. Risk of sedation was significantly associated with the affinity to the M1 and M4 receptors. Magnitude of hyperprolactinemia was significantly associated with the affinity to M1 and M4 receptors. Risk of extrapyramidal side effects was associated with the affinity to 5-HT2C and M1 receptors. QT prolongation was not significantly associated with antipsychotic receptor affinities. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that increased affinity of antipsychotics for certain receptors are significantly associated with higher risk of sedation, hyperprolactinemia, extrapyramidal side effects and weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Olten
- Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Michael H Bloch
- Yale Child Study Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
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12
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Lilli NL, Quénéhervé L, Haddara S, Brochard C, Aubert P, Rolli-Derkinderen M, Durand T, Naveilhan P, Hardouin JB, De Giorgio R, Barbara G, Bruley des Varannes S, Coron E, Neunlist M. Glioplasticity in irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13232. [PMID: 29027719 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates a wide array of cellular remodeling in the mucosal microenvironment during irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which possibly contributes to pathophysiology and symptom generation. Here, we investigated whether enteric glial cells (EGC) may be altered, and which factors/mechanisms lead to these changes. METHODS Colonic mucosal biopsies of IBS patients (13 IBS-Constipation [IBS-C]; 10 IBS-Diarrhea [IBS-D]; 11 IBS-Mixed [IBS-M]) and 24 healthy controls (HC) were analyzed. Expression of S100β and GFAP was measured. Cultured rat EGC were incubated with supernatants from mucosal biopsies, then proliferation and Ca2+ response to ATP were analyzed using flow cytometry and Ca2+ imaging. Histamine and histamine 1-receptor (H1R) involvement in the effects of supernatant upon EGC was analyzed. KEY RESULTS Compared to HC, the mucosal area immunoreactive for S100β was significantly reduced in biopsies of IBS patients, independently of the IBS subtype. IBS-C supernatants reduced EGC proliferation and IBS-D and IBS-M supernatants reduced Ca2+ response to ATP in EGC. EGC expressed H1R and the effects of supernatant upon Ca2+ response to ATP in EGC were blocked by pyrilamine and reproduced by histamine via H1R. IBS supernatants reduced mRNA expression of connexin-43. The S100β-stained area was negatively correlated with the frequency and intensity of pain and bloating. CONCLUSION AND INFERENCES Changes in EGC occur in IBS, involving mucosal soluble factors. Histamine, via activation of H1R-dependent pathways, partly mediates altered Ca2+ response to ATP in EGC. These changes may contribute to the pathophysiology and the perception of pain and bloating in patients with IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Lilli
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - L Quénéhervé
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - S Haddara
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - C Brochard
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France
| | - P Aubert
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - M Rolli-Derkinderen
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - T Durand
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - P Naveilhan
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - J-B Hardouin
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, SPHERE, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France
| | - R De Giorgio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Barbara
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Bruley des Varannes
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - E Coron
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France.,Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, IMAD, CHU Nantes, Hopital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - M Neunlist
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, IMAD, The enteric nervous system in gut and brain disorders, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France
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Fabisiak A, Włodarczyk J, Fabisiak N, Storr M, Fichna J. Targeting Histamine Receptors in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Critical Appraisal. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 23:341-348. [PMID: 28551943 PMCID: PMC5503283 DOI: 10.5056/jnm16203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome is a group of functional gastrointestinal disorders with not yet fully clarified etiology. Recent evidence suggesting that mast cells may play a central role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome paves the way for agents targeting histamine receptors as a potential therapeutic option in clinical treatment. In this review, the role of histamine and histamine receptors is debated. Moreover, the clinical evidence of anti-histamine therapeutics in irritable bowel syndrome is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Fabisiak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz,
Poland
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz,
Poland
| | - Natalia Fabisiak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz,
Poland
| | - Martin Storr
- Center of Endoscopy, Starnberg,
Germany
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich,
Germany
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz,
Poland
- Correspondence: Jakub Fichna, PhD, DSc, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland, Tel: +48-42-272-5707, Fax: +48-42-272-5694, E-mail:
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14
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Provensi G, Fabbri R, Munari L, Costa A, Baldi E, Bucherelli C, Blandina P, Passani MB. Histaminergic Neurotransmission as a Gateway for the Cognitive Effect of Oleoylethanolamide in Contextual Fear Conditioning. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:392-399. [PMID: 28339575 PMCID: PMC5417054 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The integrity of the brain histaminergic system is necessary for the unfolding of homeostatic and cognitive processes through the recruitment of alternative circuits with distinct temporal patterns. We recently demonstrated that the fat-sensing lipid mediator oleoylethanolamide indirectly activates histaminergic neurons to exerts its hypophagic effects. The present experiments investigated whether histaminergic neurotransmission is necessary also for the modulation of emotional memory induced by oleoylethanolamide in a contextual fear conditioning paradigm. Methods We examined the acute effect of i.p. administration of oleoylethanolamide immediately posttraining in the contextual fear conditioning test. Retention test was performed 72 hours after training. To test the participation of the brain histaminergic system in the cognitive effect of oleoylethanolamide, we depleted rats of brain histamine with an i.c.v. injection of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine (a suicide inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase) or bilateral intra-amygdala infusions of histamine H1 or H2 receptor antagonists. We also examined the effect of oleoylethanolamide on histamine release in the amygdala using in vivo microdialysis. Results Posttraining administration of oleoylethanolamide enhanced freezing time at retention. This effect was blocked by both i.c.v. infusions of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine or by intra-amygdala infusions of either pyrilamine or zolantidine (H1 and H2 receptor antagonists, respectively). Microdialysis experiments showed that oleoylethanolamide increased histamine release from the amygdala of freely moving rats. Conclusions Our results suggest that activation of the histaminergic system in the amygdala has a "permissive" role on the memory-enhancing effects of oleoylethanolamide. Hence, targeting the H1 and H2 receptors may modify the expression of emotional memory and reduce dysfunctional aversive memories as found in phobias and posttraumatic stress disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Provensi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Roberta Fabbri
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Leonardo Munari
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessia Costa
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Baldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Corrado Bucherelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Patrizio Blandina
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Universitá di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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15
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Yanai K, Yoshikawa T, Yanai A, Nakamura T, Iida T, Leurs R, Tashiro M. The clinical pharmacology of non-sedating antihistamines. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 178:148-156. [PMID: 28457804 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported on brain H1 receptor occupancy measurements of antihistamines in human brain using [11C]doxepin and positron emission tomography (PET). We proposed the use of brain H1 receptor occupancy to classify antihistamines objectively into three categories of sedating, less-sedating, and non-sedating antihistamines according to their sedative effects. Non-sedating antihistamines are recommended for the treatment of allergies such as pollinosis and atopic dermatitis because of their low penetration into the central nervous system. Physicians and pharmacists are responsible for fully educating patients about the risks of sedating antihistamines from pharmacological points of view. If a sedating antihistamine must be prescribed, its sedative effects should be thoroughly considered before choosing the drug. Non-sedating antihistamines should be preferentially used whenever possible as most antihistamines are equally efficacious, while adverse effects of sedating antihistamines can be serious. This review summarizes the pharmacological properties of clinically useful non-sedating antihistamines from the perspective of histamine function in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Yanai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Ai Yanai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tadaho Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Iida
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Rob Leurs
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manabu Tashiro
- Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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16
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Ameliorating antipsychotic-induced weight gain by betahistine: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Pharmacol Res 2016; 106:51-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Panula P, Chazot PL, Cowart M, Gutzmer R, Leurs R, Liu WLS, Stark H, Thurmond RL, Haas HL. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCVIII. Histamine Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 67:601-55. [PMID: 26084539 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a developmentally highly conserved autacoid found in most vertebrate tissues. Its physiological functions are mediated by four 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (H1R, H2R, H3R, H4R) that are all targets of pharmacological intervention. The receptors display molecular heterogeneity and constitutive activity. H1R antagonists are long known antiallergic and sedating drugs, whereas the H2R was identified in the 1970s and led to the development of H2R-antagonists that revolutionized stomach ulcer treatment. The crystal structure of ligand-bound H1R has rendered it possible to design new ligands with novel properties. The H3R is an autoreceptor and heteroreceptor providing negative feedback on histaminergic and inhibition on other neurons. A block of these actions promotes waking. The H4R occurs on immuncompetent cells and the development of anti-inflammatory drugs is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pertti Panula
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Paul L Chazot
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Marlon Cowart
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Rob Leurs
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Wai L S Liu
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Holger Stark
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Robin L Thurmond
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Helmut L Haas
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
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18
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The histaminergic system as a target for the prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Neuropharmacology 2015; 106:3-12. [PMID: 26164344 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The control of food intake and body weight is very complex. Key factors driving eating behavior are hunger and satiety that are controlled by an interplay of several central and peripheral neuroendocrine systems, environmental factors, the behavioral state and circadian rhythm, which all concur to alter homeostatic aspects of appetite and energy expenditure. Brain histamine plays a fundamental role in eating behavior as it induces loss of appetite and has long been considered a satiety signal that is released during food intake (Sakata et al., 1997). Animal studies have shown that brain histamine is released during the appetitive phase to provide a high level of arousal preparatory to feeding, but also mediates satiety. Furthermore, histamine regulates peripheral mechanisms such as glucose uptake and insulin function. Preclinical research indicates that activation of H1 and H3 receptors is crucial for the regulation of the diurnal rhythm of food consumption; furthermore, these receptors have been specifically recognized as mediators of energy intake and expenditure. Despite encouraging preclinical data, though, no brain penetrating H1 receptor agonists have been identified that would have anti-obesity effects. The potential role of the H3 receptor as a target of anti-obesity therapeutics was explored in clinical trials that did not meet up to the expectations or were interrupted (clinicaltrials.gov). Nonetheless, interesting results are emerging from clinical trials that evaluated the attenuating effect of betahistine (an H1 agonist/H3 antagonist) on metabolic side effects associated with chronic antipsychotics treatment. Aim of this review is to summarize recent results that suggest the clinical relevance of the histaminergic system for the treatment of feeding disorders and provide an up-to-date summary of preclinical research. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Histamine Receptors'.
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19
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Shan L, Bao AM, Swaab DF. The human histaminergic system in neuropsychiatric disorders. Trends Neurosci 2015; 38:167-77. [PMID: 25575625 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Histaminergic neurons are exclusively located in the hypothalamic tuberomamillary nucleus, from where they project to many brain areas. The histaminergic system is involved in basic physiological functions, such as the sleep-wake cycle, energy and endocrine homeostasis, sensory and motor functions, cognition, and attention, which are all severely affected in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we present recent postmortem findings on the alterations in this system in neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), depression, and narcolepsy. In addition, we highlight the need to validate animal models for these diseases and also for Tourette's syndrome (TS) in relation to alterations in the histaminergic system. Moreover, we discuss the potential for, and concerns over, the use of novel histamine 3 receptor (H3R) antagonists/inverse agonists as treatment for such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shan
- Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam 1105 BA, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Neurobiology Research, Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, 16111 Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343, USA
| | - Ai-Min Bao
- Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Dick F Swaab
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam 1105 BA, The Netherlands
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20
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Satiety factor oleoylethanolamide recruits the brain histaminergic system to inhibit food intake. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:11527-32. [PMID: 25049422 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322016111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Key factors driving eating behavior are hunger and satiety, which are controlled by a complex interplay of central neurotransmitter systems and peripheral stimuli. The lipid-derived messenger oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is released by enterocytes in response to fat intake and indirectly signals satiety to hypothalamic nuclei. Brain histamine is released during the appetitive phase to provide a high level of arousal in anticipation of feeding, and mediates satiety. However, despite the possible functional overlap of satiety signals, it is not known whether histamine participates in OEA-induced hypophagia. Using different experimental settings and diets, we report that the anorexiant effect of OEA is significantly attenuated in mice deficient in the histamine-synthesizing enzyme histidine decarboxylase (HDC-KO) or acutely depleted of histamine via interocerebroventricular infusion of the HDC blocker α-fluoromethylhistidine (α-FMH). α-FMH abolished OEA-induced early occurrence of satiety onset while increasing histamine release in the CNS with an H3 receptor antagonist-increased hypophagia. OEA augmented histamine release in the cortex of fasted mice within a time window compatible to its anorexic effects. OEA also increased c-Fos expression in the oxytocin neurons of the paraventricular nuclei of WT but not HDC-KO mice. The density of c-Fos immunoreactive neurons in other brain regions that receive histaminergic innervation and participate in the expression of feeding behavior was comparable in OEA-treated WT and HDC-KO mice. Our results demonstrate that OEA requires the integrity of the brain histamine system to fully exert its hypophagic effect and that the oxytocin neuron-rich nuclei are the likely hypothalamic area where brain histamine influences the central effects of OEA.
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21
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He M, Zhang Q, Deng C, Wang H, Lian J, Huang XF. Hypothalamic histamine H1 receptor-AMPK signaling time-dependently mediates olanzapine-induced hyperphagia and weight gain in female rats. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014; 42:153-64. [PMID: 24636512 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although second-generation antipsychotics induce severe weight gain and obesity, there is a lack of detailed knowledge about the progressive development of antipsychotic-induced obesity. This study examined the hypothalamic histamine H1 receptor and AMP-activated protein kinase (H1R-AMPK) signaling at three distinctive stages of olanzapine-induced weight gain (day 1-12: early acceleration, day 13-28: middle new equilibrium, and day 29-36: late heavy weight maintenance). At the early acceleration stage, the rats were hyperphagic with an underlying mechanism of olanzapine-increased H1R mRNA expression and AMPK phosphorylation (pAMPK), in which pAMPK levels positively correlated with H1R mRNA expression and food intake. At the middle stage, when the rats were no longer hyperphagic, the changes in H1R-AMPK signaling vanished. At the late stage, olanzapine increased H1R mRNA expression but decreased pAMPK which were positively and negatively correlated with weight gain, respectively. These data suggest a time-dependent change of H1R-AMPK signaling, where olanzapine activates AMPK by blocking the H1Rs and causing hyperphagia in the acute phase. The chronic blockade of H1R may contribute to the late stage of olanzapine-induced heavy weight maintenance. However, pAMPK was no longer elevated and actually decreased. This indicates that AMPK acts as an energy sensor and negatively responds to the positive energy balance induced by olanzapine. Furthermore, we showed that an H1R agonist, 2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl) histamine, can significantly inhibit olanzapine-induced hyperphagia and AMPK activation in the mediobasal hypothalamus in a dose dependent manner. Therefore, lowering H1R-AMPK signaling is an effective treatment for the olanzapine-induced hyperphagia associated with the development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia
| | - Qingsheng Zhang
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia
| | - Chao Deng
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Hongqin Wang
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia
| | - Jiamei Lian
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, NSW, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst 2010, NSW, Australia.
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22
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Smolinska S, Jutel M, Crameri R, O'Mahony L. Histamine and gut mucosal immune regulation. Allergy 2014; 69:273-81. [PMID: 24286351 DOI: 10.1111/all.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is a biogenic amine with extensive effects on many cell types, mediated by the activation of its four receptors (H1R-H4R). Distinct effects are dependent on receptor subtypes and their differential expression. Within the gastrointestinal tract, histamine is present at relatively high concentrations, particularly during inflammatory responses. In this review, we discuss the immunoregulatory influence of histamine on a number of gastrointestinal disorders, including food allergy, scombroid food poisoning, histamine intolerance, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. It is clear that the effects of histamine on mucosal immune homeostasis are dependent on expression and activity of the four currently known histamine receptors; however, the relative protective or pathogenic effects of histamine on inflammatory processes within the gut are still poorly defined and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Smolinska
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
- ‘ALL-MED’ Medical Research Institute; Wroclaw Poland
| | - M. Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
- ‘ALL-MED’ Medical Research Institute; Wroclaw Poland
| | - R. Crameri
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research; University of Zurich; Davos Switzerland
| | - L. O'Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research; University of Zurich; Davos Switzerland
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Mitsutomi K, Masaki T, Shimasaki T, Gotoh K, Chiba S, Kakuma T, Shibata H. Effects of a nonnutritive sweetener on body adiposity and energy metabolism in mice with diet-induced obesity. Metabolism 2014; 63:69-78. [PMID: 24140095 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nonnutritive sweeteners (NNSs) have been studied in terms of their potential roles in type 2 diabetes, obesity, and related metabolic disorders. Several studies have suggested that NNSs have several specific effects on metabolism such as reduced postprandial hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. However, the detailed effects of NNSs on body adiposity and energy metabolism have not been fully elucidated. We investigated the effects of an NNS on energy metabolism in mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO). METHODS DIO mice were divided into NNS-administered (4% NNS in drinking water), sucrose-administered (33% sucrose in drinking water), and control (normal water) groups. After supplementation for 4 weeks, metabolic parameters, including uncoupling protein (UCP) levels and energy expenditure, were assessed. RESULTS Sucrose supplementation increased hyperglycemia, body adiposity, and body weight compared to the NNS-administered and control groups (P<0.05 for each). In addition, NNS supplementation decreased hyperglycemia compared to the sucrose-administered group (P<0.05). Interestingly, NNS supplementation increased body adiposity, which was accompanied by hyperinsulinemia, compared to controls (P<0.05 for each). NNS also increased leptin levels in white adipose tissue and triglyceride levels in tissues compared to controls (P<0.05 for each). Notably, compared to controls, NNS supplementation decreased the UCP1 level in brown adipose tissue and decreased O2 consumption in the dark phase. CONCLUSIONS NNSs may be good sugar substitutes for people with hyperglycemia, but appear to influence energy metabolism in DIO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiko Mitsutomi
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
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Jafari S, Huang XF, Andrews JL, Fernandez-Enright F. In vivo pharmacological evaluations of novel olanzapine analogues in rats: a potential new avenue for the treatment of schizophrenia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80979. [PMID: 24349027 PMCID: PMC3859487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Olanzapine (Olz) is one of the most effective antipsychotic drugs commonly used for treating schizophrenia. Unfortunately, Olz administration is associated with severe weight gain and metabolic disturbances. Both patients and clinicians are highly interested in the development of new antipsychotics which are as effective as atypical antipsychotics but which have a lower propensity to induce metabolic side effects. In the present study, we examined two new derivatives of Olz; OlzEt (2-ethyl-4-(4'-methylpiperazin-1'-yl)-10Hbenzo[b]thieno[2,3-e][1,4]diazepine), and OlzHomo (2-ethyl-4-(4'-methyl-1',4'-diazepan-1'-yl)-10H-benzo[b]thieno[2,3-e] [1,4]diazepine), for their tendency to induce weight gain in rats. Weight gain and metabolic changes were measured in female Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were treated orally with Olz, OlzEt, OlzHomo (3 or 6 mg/kg/day), or vehicle (n = 8), three times daily at eight-hour intervals for 5 weeks. Furthermore, a phencyclidine (PCP)-treated rat model was used to examine the prevention of PCP-induced hyperlocomotor activity relevant for schizophrenia therapy. Male Sprague Dawley rats were pre-treated with a single dose (3 mg/kg/day) of Olz, OlzEt, OlzHomo, or vehicle (n = 12), for 2 weeks. Locomotor activity was recorded following a subcutaneous injection with either saline or PCP (10 mg/kg). Olz was found to induce weight gain, hyperphagia, visceral fat accumulation, and metabolic changes associated with reduced histamatergic H1 receptor density in the hypothalamus of treated rats. In contrast, OlzEt and OlzHomo presented promising antipsychotic effects, which did not induce weight gain or fat deposition in the treated animals. Behavioural analysis showed OlzEt to attenuate PCP-induced hyperactivity to a level similar to that of Olz; however, OlzHomo showed a lower propensity to inhibit these stereotyped behaviours. Our data suggest that the therapeutic effectiveness of OlzHomo may be delivered at a higher dose than that of Olz and OlzEt. Overall, OlzEt and OlzHomo may offer a better pharmacological profile than Olz for treating patients with schizophrenia. Clinical trials are needed to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Jafari
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessica L. Andrews
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Francesca Fernandez-Enright
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
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25
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Heterozygosity for leptin receptor (fa) accelerates hepatic triglyceride accumulation without hyperphagia in Zucker rats. Obes Res Clin Pract 2013; 3:1-52. [PMID: 24345539 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2008.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2008] [Revised: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY Leptin, ob gene product, and its receptors are involved in the regulation of peripheral lipid and glucose metabolism. The present study sought to clarify the functional role of peripheral leptin receptors in hepatic lipid metabolism through analysis of Zucker rats (fa/fa, +/fa), as complete or partial leptin receptor insufficiency models, respectively. In Zucker fa/fa rats, calorie intake, body weight, liver weight, hepatic triglyceride content and serum insulin, triglycerides, FFA, and leptin were elevated compared to lean littermates (+/+ rats). In contrast, Zucker +/fa rats showed no remarkable changes in calorie intake, body weight and serum FFA compared with +/+ rats. Nevertheless, hepatic triglyceride content, liver weight and other serum parameters such as insulin, triglyceride and leptin were higher than in +/+ rats. In the representation of fatty acids component in the liver, there were no changes in +/fa rats relative to +/+ rats. Thus, in Zucker +/fa rats, fatty liver may develop in the absence of hyperphagia, obesity or changes in hepatic fatty acid metabolism. These results indicate that partial insufficiency of leptin receptor rather than changes in serum insulin, triglyceride and leptin may contribute to the increase in hepatic triglyceride content observed in +/fa rats.:
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Wu Z, Yu Y, Wu Y, Patch C, Szabo A, Huang XF. Reduction of histamine H1 receptor binding induced by high-fat diet can be prevented by DHA and dietary fiber in specific brain areas of male rats. Brain Res Bull 2013; 97:119-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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The histaminergic network in the brain: basic organization and role in disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2013; 14:472-87. [DOI: 10.1038/nrn3526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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He M, Deng C, Huang XF. The role of hypothalamic H1 receptor antagonism in antipsychotic-induced weight gain. CNS Drugs 2013; 27:423-34. [PMID: 23640535 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-013-0062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), notably olanzapine and clozapine, causes severe obesity side effects. Antagonism of histamine H1 receptors has been identified as a main cause of SGA-induced obesity, but the molecular mechanisms associated with this antagonism in different stages of SGA-induced weight gain remain unclear. This review aims to explore the potential role of hypothalamic histamine H1 receptors in different stages of SGA-induced weight gain/obesity and the molecular pathways related to SGA-induced antagonism of these receptors. Initial data have demonstrated the importance of hypothalamic H1 receptors in both short- and long-term SGA-induced obesity. Blocking hypothalamic H1 receptors by SGAs activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a well-known feeding regulator. During short-term treatment, hypothalamic H1 receptor antagonism by SGAs may activate the AMPK-carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 signaling to rapidly increase caloric intake and result in weight gain. During long-term SGA treatment, hypothalamic H1 receptor antagonism can reduce thermogenesis, possibly by inhibiting the sympathetic outflows to the brainstem rostral raphe pallidus and rostral ventrolateral medulla, therefore decreasing brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Additionally, blocking of hypothalamic H1 receptors by SGAs may also contribute to fat accumulation by decreasing lipolysis but increasing lipogenesis in white adipose tissue. In summary, antagonism of hypothalamic H1 receptors by SGAs may time-dependently affect the hypothalamus-brainstem circuits to cause weight gain by stimulating appetite and fat accumulation but reducing energy expenditure. The H1 receptor and its downstream signaling molecules could be valuable targets for the design of new compounds for treating SGA-induced weight gain/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Health Sciences, 32.305, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Gondard E, Anaclet C, Akaoka H, Guo RX, Zhang M, Buda C, Franco P, Kotani H, Lin JS. Enhanced histaminergic neurotransmission and sleep-wake alterations, a study in histamine H3-receptor knock-out mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38:1015-31. [PMID: 23303066 PMCID: PMC3629391 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2012.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long-term abolition of a brain arousal system impairs wakefulness (W), but little is known about the consequences of long-term enhancement. The brain histaminergic arousal system is under the negative control of H3-autoreceptors whose deletion results in permanent enhancement of histamine (HA) turnover. In order to determine the consequences of enhancement of the histaminergic system, we compared the cortical EEG and sleep-wake states of H3-receptor knockout (H3R-/-) and wild-type mouse littermates. We found that H3R-/-mice had rich phenotypes. On the one hand, they showed clear signs of enhanced HA neurotransmission and vigilance, i.e., a higher EEG θ power during spontaneous W and a greater extent of W or sleep restriction during behavioral tasks, including environmental change, locomotion, and motivation tests. On the other hand, during the baseline dark period, they displayed deficient W and signs of sleep deterioration, such as pronounced sleep fragmentation and reduced cortical slow activity during slow wave sleep (SWS), most likely due to a desensitization of postsynaptic histaminergic receptors as a result of constant HA release. Ciproxifan (H3-receptor inverse agonist) enhanced W in wild-type mice, but not in H3R-/-mice, indicating a functional deletion of H3-receptors, whereas triprolidine (postsynaptic H1-receptor antagonist) or α-fluoromethylhistidine (HA-synthesis inhibitor) caused a greater SWS increase in H3R-/- than in wild-type mice, consistent with enhanced HA neurotransmission. These sleep-wake characteristics and the obesity phenotypes previously reported in this animal model suggest that chronic enhancement of histaminergic neurotransmission eventually compromises the arousal system, leading to sleep-wake, behavioral, and metabolic disorders similar to those caused by voluntary sleep restriction in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Gondard
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Christelle Anaclet
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Hidéo Akaoka
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Rui-Xian Guo
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Mei Zhang
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Colette Buda
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Franco
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jian-Sheng Lin
- Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France,Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, Faculty of Medicine, Claude Bernard University, 8 av. Rockefeller, 69373, Lyon, Cedex 08 69373, France, Tel: (33) 478 777 116, Fax: (33) 478 777 150, E-mail:
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Jafari S, Bouillon ME, Huang XF, Pyne SG, Fernandez-Enright F. Novel olanzapine analogues presenting a reduced H1 receptor affinity and retained 5HT2A/D2 binding affinity ratio. BMC Pharmacol 2012; 12:8. [PMID: 22726212 PMCID: PMC3485633 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2210-12-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug with high clinical efficacy, but which can cause severe weight gain and metabolic disorders in treated patients. Blockade of the histamine 1 (H1) receptors is believed to play a crucial role in olanzapine induced weight gain, whereas the therapeutic effects of this drug are mainly attributed to its favourable serotoninergic 2A and dopamine 2 (5HT2A/D2) receptor binding affinity ratios. Results We have synthesized novel olanzapine analogues 8a and 8b together with the already known derivative 8c and we have examined their respective in vitro affinities for the 5HT2A, D2, and H1 receptors. Conclusions We suggest that thienobenzodiazepines 8b and 8c with lower binding affinity for the H1 receptors, but similar 5HT2A/D2 receptor binding affinity ratios to those of olanzapine. These compounds may offer a better pharmacological profile than olanzapine for treating patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Jafari
- Center for Translational Neurosciences, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, The University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
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31
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Kang JA, Lee K, Lee KM, Cho S, Seo J, Hur EM, Park CS, Baik JH, Choi SY. Desipramine inhibits histamine H1 receptor-induced Ca2+ signaling in rat hypothalamic cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36185. [PMID: 22563449 PMCID: PMC3338593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus in the brain is the main center for appetite control and integrates signals from adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal tract. Antidepressants are known to modulate the activities of hypothalamic neurons and affect food intake, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which antidepressants modulate hypothalamic function remain unclear. Here we have investigated how hypothalamic neurons respond to treatment with antidepressants, including desipramine and sibutramine. In primary cultured rat hypothalamic cells, desipramine markedly suppressed the elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) evoked by histamine H1 receptor activation. Desipramine also inhibited the histamine-induced Ca(2+) increase and the expression of corticotrophin-releasing hormone in hypothalamic GT1-1 cells. The effect of desipramine was not affected by pretreatment with prazosin or propranolol, excluding catecholamine reuptake activity of desipramine as an underlying mechanism. Sibutramine which is also an antidepressant but decreases food intake, had little effect on the histamine-induced Ca(2+) increase or AMP-activated protein kinase activity. Our results reveal that desipramine and sibutramine have different effects on histamine H1 receptor signaling in hypothalamic cells and suggest that distinct regulation of hypothalamic histamine signaling might underlie the differential regulation of food intake between antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ah Kang
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Keimin Lee
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Min Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukhee Cho
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoo Seo
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Hur
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Hyun Baik
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Young Choi
- Department of Physiology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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32
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Kim SF. Animal models of eating disorders. Neuroscience 2012; 211:2-12. [PMID: 22465439 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Feeding is a fundamental process for basic survival and is influenced by genetics and environmental stressors. Recent advances in our understanding of behavioral genetics have provided a profound insight on several components regulating eating patterns. However, our understanding of eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating, is still poor. The animal model is an essential tool in the investigation of eating behaviors and their pathological forms, yet development of an appropriate animal model for eating disorders still remains challenging due to our limited knowledge and some of the more ambiguous clinical diagnostic measures. Therefore, this review will serve to focus on the basic clinical features of eating disorders and the current advances in animal models of eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Kim
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, 125 S 31st St., TRL Rm 2207, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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33
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Norton W, Bally-Cuif L. Unravelling the proximate causes of the aggression-boldness behavioural syndrome in zebrafish. BEHAVIOUR 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Jafari S, Fernandez-Enright F, Huang XF. Structural contributions of antipsychotic drugs to their therapeutic profiles and metabolic side effects. J Neurochem 2011; 120:371-84. [PMID: 22103329 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07590.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antipsychotic drugs have various neuropharmacological properties as a result of their structural diversity. Despite their therapeutic benefits, most of the prescribed atypical antipsychotics can induce severe side effects, including weight gain, type II diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. Among the developed atypical antipsychotic agents, tetracyclic dibenzodiazepine and thienobenzodiazepine compounds, particularly clozapine and olanzapine, are associated with the greatest weight gain and metabolic disturbances. However, the unique chemical structure of these compounds causes the low risk of side effects reported for typical antipsychotics (e.g. extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia). This report reviews the recent discovery of the potential role of the chemical structure of antipsychotics in their therapeutic properties and metabolic disturbances. By developing structure-activity relationship studies for atypical antipsychotics, we will improve our understanding of the structural modifications of these chemical classes that lead to reduced weight gain, which will be an invaluable step toward the discovery of the next generation of atypical antipsychotics. In this review, we suggest that a novel dibenzodiazepine or thienobenzodiazepine antipsychotic drug with lower affinity for H(1) receptors may significantly advance schizophrenia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Jafari
- Center for Translational Neurosciences, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Modulation of Fgfr1a signaling in zebrafish reveals a genetic basis for the aggression-boldness syndrome. J Neurosci 2011; 31:13796-807. [PMID: 21957242 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2892-11.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral syndromes are suites of two or more behaviors that correlate across environmental contexts. The aggression-boldness syndrome links aggression, boldness, and exploratory activity in a novel environment. Although aggression-boldness has been described in many animals, the mechanism linking its behavioral components is not known. Here we show that mutation of the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor 1a (fgfr1a) simultaneously increases aggression, boldness, and exploration in adult zebrafish. We demonstrate that altered Fgf signaling also results in reduced brain histamine levels in mutants. Pharmacological increase of histamine signaling is sufficient to rescue the behavioral phenotype of fgfr1a mutants. Together, we show that a single genetic locus can underlie the aggression-boldness behavioral syndrome. We also identify one of the neurotransmitter pathways that may mediate clustering of these behaviors.
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36
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Teff KL, Kim SF. Atypical antipsychotics and the neural regulation of food intake and peripheral metabolism. Physiol Behav 2011; 104:590-8. [PMID: 21664918 PMCID: PMC3139777 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) are associated with weight gain and an increased incidence of metabolic disease including type 2 diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological, cross-sectional and prospective studies suggest that two of the AAPs, olanzapine and clozapine, cause the most dramatic weight gain and metabolic impairments including increased fasting glucose, insulin and triglycerides. Relative to the other AAPs, both olanzapine and clozapine exhibit a particularly high antagonistic affinity for histamine and muscarinic receptors which have been hypothesized as mediators of the reported increase in weight and glucose abnormalities. In this article, we review the current evidence for the AAP associated weight gain and abnormal glucose metabolism. We postulate that the effects of the AAPs on food intake and peripheral metabolism are initially independently regulated but with increasing body adiposity, the early AAP-induced impairments in peripheral metabolism will be exacerbated, thereby establishing a vicious cycle such that the effects of the AAP are magnified by the known pathophysiological consequences of obesity. Furthermore, we examine how inhibition of the histaminergic pathway may mediate increases in food intake and the potential role of the vagus nerve in the reported peripheral metabolic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Teff
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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37
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Regulation of the immune response and inflammation by histamine and histamine receptors. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 128:1153-62. [PMID: 21824648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Histamine is a biogenic amine with extensive effects on many cell types, including important immunologic cells, such as antigen-presenting cells, natural killer cells, epithelial cells, and T and B lymphocytes. Histamine and its 4 receptors represent a complex system of immunoregulation with distinct effects dependent on receptor subtypes and their differential expression. These are influenced by the stage of cell differentiation, as well as microenvironmental influences, leading to the selective recruitment of effector cells into tissue sites accompanied by effects on cellular maturation, activation, polarization, and effector functions, which lead to tolerogenic or proinflammatory responses. In this review we discuss the regulation of histamine secretion, receptor expression, and differential activation of cells within both the innate and adaptive immune responses. It is clear that the effects of histamine on immune homeostasis are dependent on the expression and activity of the 4 currently known histamine receptors, and we also recognize that 100 years after the original identification of this biogenic amine, we still do not fully understand the complex regulatory interactions between histamine and the host immune response to everyday microbial and environmental challenges.
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Ohshima Y, Iwase M, Izumizaki M, Nakayama H, Narita I, Homma I. Effects of fasting on hypoxic ventilatory responses and the contribution of histamine H1 receptors in mice. J Physiol Sci 2011; 61:73-82. [PMID: 21188566 PMCID: PMC10718016 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-010-0124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that fasting affects hypoxic ventilatory responses through metabolic changes via histamine H1 receptors. Wild-type (WT) and histamine H1 receptor knockout (H1RKO) mice were studied in fed and fasted states. In the fed WT, hypoxic-gas exposure elicited an increase and a subsequent decline in ventilation (hypoxic ventilatory decline or HVD). HVD was influenced by fasting in breathing pattern with metabolic rate. Fasting elicited hypoglycemia, a drop in R, and increases in free fatty acid and ketone bodies in the serum. In H1RKO, HVD was blunted in the fed state, but it appeared in the fasted state. There was a minimal drop in R following fasting and a low triglyceride concentration. Thus, fasting affects HVD through a change in energy mobilization from glucose to lipid metabolism. Histamine H1 receptors are involved in HVD during fed and fasted states, resulting in adaptation to the environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Ohshima
- 2nd Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8120 Japan
| | - Michiko Iwase
- 2nd Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Masahiko Izumizaki
- 2nd Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakayama
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8120 Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata, 951-8120 Japan
| | - Ikuo Homma
- 2nd Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
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Abstract
Stress is a state of physiological or psychological strain caused by adverse stimuli; responses to stress include activation of the sympathetic nervous system, glucocorticoid secretion and emotional behaviors. Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), acting through its four receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4), is involved in these stress responses. Studies of EP-selective drugs and mice lacking specific EPs have identified the neuronal pathways regulated by PGE(2). In animals with febrile illnesses, PGE(2) acts on neurons expressing EP3 in the preoptic hypothalamus. In illness-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, EP1 and EP3 regulate distinct neuronal pathways that converge at the paraventricular hypothalamus. During psychological stress, EP1 suppresses impulsive behaviors via the midbrain dopaminergic systems. PGE(2) promotes illness-induced memory impairment, yet also supports hippocampus-dependent memory formation and synaptic plasticity via EP2 in physiological conditions. In response to illness, PGE(2) is synthesized by enzymes induced in various cell types inside and outside the brain, whereas constitutively expressed enzymes in neurons and/or microglia synthesize PGE(2) in response to psychological stress. Dependent on the type of stress stimuli, PGE(2) released from different cell types activates distinct EP receptors, which mobilize multiple neuronal pathways, resulting in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Histamine receptors in the CNS as targets for therapeutic intervention. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2011; 32:242-9. [PMID: 21324537 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Histamine has long been known to trigger allergic reactions and gastric acid secretion. However, it was later discovered that, in the brain, histamine regulates basic homeostatic and higher functions, including cognition, arousal, circadian and feeding rhythms. The sole source of brain histamine is neurons localized in the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nuclei. These neurons project axons to the whole brain, are organized into functionally distinct circuits influencing different brain regions and display selective control mechanisms. Although all histamine receptors (H1R, H2R, H3R and H4R) are expressed in the brain, only the H3R has become a drug target for the treatment of neurologic and psychiatric disorders, such as sleep disturbances and cognitive deficits. In this review, we discuss recent developments in the pharmacological manipulation of H3Rs and the implications for H3R-related therapies for neurological and psychiatric disorders. The legacy of Sir James Black.
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Caproni S, Corbelli I, Pini LA, Cupini ML, Calabresi P, Sarchielli P. Migraine preventive drug-induced weight gain may be mediated by effects on hypothalamic peptides: the results of a pilot study. Cephalalgia 2011; 31:543-9. [PMID: 21216871 DOI: 10.1177/0333102410392605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was aimed to verify changes in the levels of hypothalamic neuropeptides in migraineurs under preventive treatment with amitryptiline and flunarizine. Thirty-nine migraine patients with a body mass index <25 kg/m(2) and without endocrinological or metabolic diseases were assigned to two treatment groups, one receiving amitryptiline, the other flunarizine, for 3 months. Orexin-A, orexin-B and neuropeptide-Y plasma levels were measured at the basal time, at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd months of preventive treatment. RESULTS A statistically significant reduction in plasma orexin-A and orexin-B levels emerged in both groups. Conversely, plasma neuropeptide-Y levels were markedly increased, with the highest levels at the 2nd and 3rd months, in both patient groups. Orexin-A levels were also negatively correlated to weight gain in both groups during the treatment period. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that changes in the levels of hypothalamic orexinergic peptides may contribute to body weight increase occurring in migraineurs during amitryptiline or flunarizine prophylactic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caproni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Public Health, University of Perugia, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Sant'Andrea delle Fratte, San Sisto, Perugia, Italy
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Passani MB, Blandina P, Torrealba F. The histamine H3 receptor and eating behavior. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2010; 336:24-9. [PMID: 20864503 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.110.171306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in the histaminergic system as a potential target for the treatment of feeding disorders is driven by the unsatisfactory history of the pharmacotherapy of obesity. Eating behavior is regulated by a complex interplay of central neurotransmitter systems, peripheral endocrine stimuli, the circadian rhythm, and environmental cues, all factors that change the behavioral state and alter homeostatic aspects of appetite and energy expenditure. Key factors driving eating behavior are appetite and satiety that are regulated through different mechanisms. Brain histamine has long been considered a satiety signal in the nervous system. Recent observations, however, indicate that histamine does not meet the criteria for being a satiety signal, because augmented histamine release accompanies the appetitive phase of feeding behavior rather than food consumption and satiety. The appetitive phase requires a high and yet optimal arousal state, and the histaminergic system is crucial for sustaining a high degree of arousal during motivated behavior. Histamine H(1) receptors in the brain are crucial for the regulation of the diurnal rhythm of food intake and the regulation of obesity; however, from a therapeutic standpoint, no brain-penetrating H(1) receptor agonists have been identified that would have antiobesity effects. Despite conflicting preclinical data, insights are emerging into the potential role of histamine H(3) receptors as a target of antiobesity therapeutics. The aim of this review is to outline the relevance of the histaminergic system in controlling feeding behavior and evaluate the potential therapeutic use of histaminergic ligands for the treatment of eating disorders.
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Giusi G, Alo’ R, Crudo M, Di Vito A, Facciolo RM, Canonaco M. Environmental stressors and neurobiological features of marine teleosts: Histamine receptors as targets. Crit Rev Toxicol 2010; 40:620-32. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2010.487479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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The role of histaminergic H1 and H3 receptors in food intake: a mechanism for atypical antipsychotic-induced weight gain? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2010; 34:1-4. [PMID: 19922755 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2009] [Revised: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atypical antipsychotics such as olanzapine and clozapine are effective at treating the multiple domains of schizophrenia, with a low risk of extra-pyramidal side-effects. However a major downfall to their use is metabolic side-effects particularly weight gain/obesity, which occurs by unknown mechanisms. The present paper explores the potential candidature of histaminergic neurotransmission in the mechanisms of atypical antipsychotic-induced weight gain, with a focus on the histaminergic H1 and H3 receptors. Olanzapine and clozapine have a high affinity for the H1 receptor, and meta-analyses show a strong correlation between risk of weight gain and H1 receptor affinity. In addition, olanzapine treatment decreases H1 receptor binding and mRNA expression in the rat hypothalamus. Furthermore, a complex role is emerging for the histamine H3 receptor in the control of hunger. The H3 receptor is a pre-synaptic autoreceptor that inhibits the synthesis and release of histamine, and a heteroreceptor that inhibits other neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-HT), noradrenaline (NA) and acetylcholine (ACh), which are also implicated in the regulation of food intake. Thus, the H3 receptor is in a prime position to regulate food intake, both through its control of histamine and its influence on other feeding pathways. We proposed that a mechanism for atypical antipsychotic-induced weight gain may be partly through the H3 receptor, as a drug-induced decrease in H1 receptor activity may decrease histamine tone through the H3 autoreceptors, compounding the weight gain problem. In addition, atypical antipsychotics may affect food intake by influencing 5-HT, NA and ACh release via interactions with the H3 heteroreceptor.
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Xu A, Sakurai E, Kuramasu A, Zhang J, Li J, Okamura N, Zhang D, Yoshikawa T, Watanabe T, Yanai K. Roles of Hypothalamic Subgroup Histamine and Orexin Neurons on Behavioral Responses to Sleep Deprivation Induced by the Treadmill Method in Adolescent Rats. J Pharmacol Sci 2010; 114:444-53. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.10177fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Abstract
CONTEXT The health burden of antipsychotic medication is well known, but the disproportionate effect on women as compared with men is underappreciated. OBJECTIVE The goal of this article is preventive--to better inform clinicians so that the risks to women and to their offspring can be diminished. METHOD All PubMed sources in which the search term gender (or sex) was linked to a side effect of antipsychotic medication were reviewed. RESULT There is general agreement in the literature on women's increased susceptibility to weight gain, diabetes, and specific cardiovascular risks of antipsychotics, with less consensus on malignancy risks and risks to the fetus. Cardiovascular death, to which men are more susceptible than women, is disproportionately increased in women by the use of antipsychotics. Sedating antipsychotics raise the risk of embolic phenomena during pregnancy, and postpartum. Prolactin-elevating drugs suppress gonadal hormone secretion and may enhance autoimmune proclivity. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians need to be aware of the differential harm that women (and their offspring) can incur from the side effects of antipsychotics.
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Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is higher in people with mental illness than in the general population. Body weight is tightly regulated by a complex system involving the cortex and limbic system, the hypothalamus and the gastrointestinal tract. While there are justifiable concerns about the weight gain associated with antipsychotic medication, it is too simplistic to ascribe all obesity in people with serious mental illness (SMI) to their drug treatment. The development of obesity in SMI results from the complex interaction of the genotype and environment of the person with mental illness, the mental illness itself and antipsychotic medication. There are dysfunctional reward mechanisms in SMI that may contribute to poor food choices and overeating. While it is clear that antipsychotics have profound effects to stimulate appetite, no one receptor interaction provides an adequate explanation for this effect, and many mechanisms are likely to be involved. The complexity of the system regulating body weight allows us to start to understand why some individuals appear much more prone to weight gain and obesity than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard I G Holt
- Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, DS Building (MP887), Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
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Vidarsdottir S, Roelfsema F, Frolich M, Pijl H. Olanzapine shifts the temporal relationship between the daily acrophase of serum prolactin and cortisol concentrations rhythm in healthy men. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009; 34:705-12. [PMID: 19131173 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with the atypical antipsychotic drug olanzapine is frequently associated with development of obesity and insulin resistance. Treatment-induced weight gain has been suggested to be the main contributing factor of diminished insulin sensitivity. This study evaluated the effects of short-term treatment with olanzapine on 12h plasma prolactin and cortisol concentrations in healthy men. The effects of two distinct olanzapine formulations were investigated; the oral standard tablets (OST) and the orally disintegrating tablets (ODT). Recent reports indicate that treatment with the ODT formulation may be less harmful in terms of weight gain than the OST. 12 healthy men (age: 25.1+/-5.5 y) received olanzapine OST (10mg QD, 8 days), olanzapine ODT (10mg QD, 8 days) or no intervention in a randomized cross-over design. On day 8, blood samples were taken every 10min between 0000 and 1200h for determination of cortisol and prolactin concentrations. Treatment with olanzapine OST and ODT similarly increased the 12h mean PRL concentrations and the secreted PRL mass. Both drugs similarly shifted the maximal PRL concentration approximately 3-4h backwards in time. Cortisol secretions rates were lower, but the timing of the cortisol acrophase did not change. Both drugs significantly elevated HOMA index for insulin resistance. In conclusion olanzapine OST and ODT equally elevated the prolactin concentration and significantly shifted its acrophase, thus dissociating PRL and cortisol, while both formulations induced similar insulin resistance as evidenced by the elevated HOMA-IR. Notably, these alterations occurred without a measurable effect on body adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solrun Vidarsdottir
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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García-Martín E, Ayuso P, Martínez C, Blanca M, Agúndez JAG. Histamine pharmacogenomics. Pharmacogenomics 2009; 10:867-83. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.09.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms for histamine-metabolizing enzymes are responsible for interindividual variation in histamine metabolism and are associated with diverse diseases. Initial reports on polymorphisms of histamine-related genes including those coding for the enzymes histidine decarboxylase (HDC), diamine oxidase (ABP1) and histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT), as well as histamine receptor genes, often have pointed to polymorphisms that occur with extremely low frequencies or that could not be verified by later studies. In contrast, common and functionally significant polymorphisms recently described have been omitted in many association studies. In this review we analyze allele frequencies, functional and clinical impact and interethnic variability on histamine-related polymorphisms. The most relevant nonsynonymous polymorphisms for the HDC gene are rs17740607 Met31Thr, rs16963486 Leu553Phe and rs2073440 Asp644Glu. For ABP1 the most relevant polymorphisms are rs10156191 Thr16Met, rs1049742 Ser332Phe, and particularly because of its functional effect, rs1049793 His645Asp. In addition the ABP1 polymorphisms rs45558339 Ile479Met and rs35070995 His659Asn are relevant to Asian and African subjects, respectively. For HNMT the only nonsynonymous polymorphism present with a relevant frequency is rs1801105 Thr105Ile. For HRH1 the polymorphism rs7651620 Glu270Gly is relevant to African subjects only. The HRH2 rs2067474 polymorphism, located in an enhancer element of the gene promoter, is common in all populations. No common nonsynonymous SNPs were observed in the HRH3 gene and two SNPs were observed with a significant frequency in the HRH4 gene: rs11665084 Ala138Val and rs11662595 His206Arg. This review summarizes relevant polymorphisms, discusses controversial findings on association of histamine-related polymorphisms and allergies and other diseases, and identifies topics requiring further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Ayuso
- University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez
- University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Allergy Service, Carlos Haya Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - José AG Agúndez
- University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
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