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Lessa TLADS, Correia TML, Santos TCD, da Silva RP, Silva BPD, Cavallini MCM, Rocha LS, Souza Peixoto A, Cugnasca BS, Cervi G, Correra TC, Gonçalves AC, Festuccia WTL, Cunha TM, Yatsuda R, de Magalhães ACM, Dos Santos AA, Meotti FC, Queiroz RF. A novel diselenide attenuates the carrageenan-induced inflammation by reducing neutrophil infiltration and the resulting tissue damage in mice. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:229-248. [PMID: 38588405 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2336566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Selenium-containing compounds have emerged as promising treatment for redox-based and inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of a novel diselenide named as dibenzyl[diselanediyIbis(propane-3-1diyl)] dicarbamate (DD). DD reacted with HOCl (k = 9.2 x 107 M-1s-1), like glutathione (k = 1.2 x 108 M-1s-1), yielding seleninic and selenonic acid derivatives, and it also decreased HOCl formation by activated human neutrophils (IC50=4.6 μM) and purified myeloperoxidase (MPO) (IC50=3.8 μM). However, tyrosine, MPO-I and MPO-II substrates, did not restore HOCl formation in presence of DD. DD inhibited the oxidative burst in dHL-60 cells with no toxicity up to 25 µM for 48h. Next, an intraperitoneal administration of 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg DD decreased total leukocyte, neutrophil chemotaxis, and inflammation markers (MPO activity, lipid peroxidation, albumin exudation, nitrite, TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL1/KC, and CXCL2/MIP-2) on a murine model of carrageenan-induced peritonitis. Likewise, 50 mg/kg DD (i.p.) decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema over 5h. Histological and immunohistochemistry analyses of the paw tissue showed decreased neutrophil count, edema area, and MPO, carbonylated, and nitrated protein staining. Furthermore, DD treatment decreased the fMLP-induced chemotaxis of human neutrophils (IC50=3.7 μM) in vitro with no toxicity. Lastly, DD presented no toxicity in a single-dose model using mice (50 mg/kg, i.p.) over 15 days and in Artemia salina bioassay (50 to 2000 µM), corroborating findings from in silico toxicological study. Altogether, these results demonstrate that DD attenuates carrageenan-induced inflammation mainly by reducing neutrophil migration and the resulting damage from MPO-mediated oxidative burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássia Liz Araújo Dos Santos Lessa
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Thiago Macêdo Lopes Correia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Talita Costa Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Cláudia Magalhães Cavallini
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Silva Rocha
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo Cervi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago C Correra
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thiago Mattar Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Regiane Yatsuda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Instituto Multidisciplinar de Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Instituto Multidisciplinar de Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raphael Ferreira Queiroz
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
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Wildner G, Tucci AR, Prestes ADS, Muller T, Rosa ADS, Borba NRR, Ferreira VN, Rocha JBT, Miranda MD, Barbosa NV. Ebselen and Diphenyl Diselenide Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Replication at Non-Toxic Concentrations to Human Cell Lines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1222. [PMID: 37515038 PMCID: PMC10384302 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, a global public health problem. Despite the numerous studies for drug repurposing, there are only two FDA-approved antiviral agents (Remdesivir and Nirmatrelvir) for non-hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 symptoms. Consequently, it is pivotal to search for new molecules with anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and to study their effects in the human immune system. Ebselen (Eb) is an organoselenium compound that is safe for humans and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Diphenyl diselenide ((PhSe)2) shares several pharmacological properties with Eb and is of low toxicity to mammals. Herein, we investigated Eb and (PhSe)2 anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in a human pneumocytes cell model (Calu-3) and analyzed their toxic effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Both compounds significantly inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 replication in Calu-3 cells. The EC50 values for Eb and (PhSe)2 after 24 h post-infection (hpi) were 3.8 µM and 3.9 µM, respectively, and after 48 hpi were 2.6 µM and 3.4 µM. These concentrations are safe for non-infected cells, since the CC50 values found for Eb and (PhSe)2 on Calu-3 were greater than 200 µM. Importantly, the concentration rates tested on viral replication were not toxic to human PBMCs. Therefore, our findings reinforce the efficacy of Eb and demonstrate (PhSe)2 as a new candidate to be tested in future trials against SARS-CoV-2 infection/inflammation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Wildner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Resende Tucci
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alessandro de Souza Prestes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Talise Muller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Alice Dos Santos Rosa
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Roberto R Borba
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vivian Neuza Ferreira
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Milene Dias Miranda
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nilda Vargas Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
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Tao S, Huo A, Gao Y, Zhang X, Yang J, Du Y. PhICl2-Mediated Regioselective and Electrophilic Oxythio/Selenocyanation of o-(1-Alkynyl)benzoates: Access to Biologically Active S/SeCN-Containing Isocoumarins. Front Chem 2022; 10:859995. [PMID: 35665060 PMCID: PMC9158338 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.859995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of PhICl2/NH4SCN and PhICl2/KSeCN reagent systems to the synthesis of the biologically active S/SeCN-containing isocoumarins via a process involving thio/selenocyanation, enabled by thio/selenocyanogen chloride generated in situ, followed with an intramolecular lactonization was realized. Gram-scale synthesis, further derivatization to access C4 thio/selenocyanated Xyridin A and anti-tumor activities of the obtained products highlight the potential use of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanqing Tao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Aiwen Huo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyue Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfei Du, ; Jingyue Yang,
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfei Du, ; Jingyue Yang,
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Vogt AG, de Oliveira RL, Voss GT, Blödorn GB, Alves D, Wilhelm EA, Luchese C. QCTA-1, a quinoline derivative, ameliorates pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling and memory comorbidity in mice: Involvement of antioxidant system of brain. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 215:173357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Purushothaman B, Sumathi T. Research Paper5,6,7 trihydroxy flavone armoured neurodegeneration caused by Quinolinic acid induced huntington's like disease in rat striatum - reinstating the level of brain neurotrophins with special reference to cognitive-socio behaviour, biochemical and histopathological aspects. Neurosci Res 2021; 174:25-35. [PMID: 34416310 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Huntington Disease (HD), a predominant Neurodegenerative Disorder which might be induced by endogenous neurotoxin called Quinolinic Acid (QA), an N-methyl-D aspartate receptor (NMDAR) agonist, the bilaterally intrastriatal administration (200 nm/2 μL of saline) offers rise to the toxic events like neuronal death, neuroinflammation by inflicting excitotoxicity and oxidative stress in the striatum of male Wistar rats by exhibiting the behavioural changes which was accessed by rotarod, open field analysis. In this study, the neuropharmacological effect of Baicalein (BC) against QA induced HD was evaluated. Baicalein (BC), scientifically 5,6,7 trihydroxy flavone present naturally in the edible plants like Scutellaria baicalensis and Oroxylum indicum possess a better neuroprotective effect in the dosage of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally in the striatum of HD induced rats. This study proved that BC is efficient to revive the level of enzymatic & non-enzymatic antioxidants and mitochondrial complexes by decreasing the number of inflammatory mediators such as MDA, protein carbonyls and Nitric Oxide at the significance of P < 0.01 and restores the amount of BDNF and GDNF thereby preventing the neurophysiological changes which were analysed by haematoxylin & eosin staining. Thus finally, the protective effect of Baicalein displays the up-gradation of psychological and behavioural changes induced by QA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyalakshmi Purushothaman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangarajan Sumathi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Nogara PA, Omage FB, Bolzan GR, Delgado CP, Aschner M, Orian L, Teixeira Rocha JB. In silico Studies on the Interaction between Mpro and PLpro From SARS-CoV-2 and Ebselen, its Metabolites and Derivatives. Mol Inform 2021; 40:e2100028. [PMID: 34018687 PMCID: PMC8236915 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The COVID‐19 pandemic caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 has mobilized scientific attention in search of a treatment. The cysteine‐proteases, main protease (Mpro) and papain‐like protease (PLpro) are important targets for antiviral drugs. In this work, we simulate the interactions between the Mpro and PLpro with Ebselen, its metabolites and derivatives with the aim of finding molecules that can potentially inhibit these enzymes. The docking data demonstrate that there are two main interactions between the thiol (−SH) group of Cys (from the protease active sites) and the electrophilic centers of the organoselenium molecules, i. e. the interaction with the carbonyl group (O=C…SH) and the interaction with the Se moiety (Se…SH). Both interactions may lead to an adduct formation and enzyme inhibition. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with Ebselen indicate that the energetics of the thiol nucleophilic attack is more favorable on Se than on the carbonyl group, which is in accordance with experimental data (Jin et al. Nature, 2020, 582, 289–293). Therefore, organoselenium molecules should be further explored as inhibitors of the SARS‐CoV‐2 proteases. Furthermore, we suggest that some metabolites of Ebselen (e. g. Ebselen diselenide and methylebselenoxide) and derivatives ethaselen and ebsulfur should be tested in vitro as inhibitors of virus replication and its proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Andrei Nogara
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Folorunsho Bright Omage
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Roni Bolzan
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Cássia Pereira Delgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Laura Orian
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - João Batista Teixeira Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
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Naderi M, Puar P, Zonouzi-Marand M, Chivers DP, Niyogi S, Kwong RWM. A comprehensive review on the neuropathophysiology of selenium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144329. [PMID: 33445002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As an essential micronutrient, selenium (Se) exerts its biological function as a catalytic entity in a variety of enzymes. From a toxicological perspective, however, Se can become extremely toxic at concentrations slightly above its nutritional levels. Over the last few decades, there has been a growing level of concern worldwide regarding the adverse effects of both inorganic and organic Se compounds on a broad spectrum of neurological functions. A wealth of evidence has shown that exposure to excess Se may compromise the normal functioning of various key proteins, neurotransmitter systems (the glutamatergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and cholinergic systems), and signaling molecules involved in the control and regulation of cognitive, behavioral, and neuroendocrine functions. Elevated Se exposure has also been suspected to be a risk factor for the development of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Nonetheless, despite the various deleterious effects of excess Se on the central nervous system (CNS), Se neurotoxicity and negative behavioral outcomes are still disregarded at the expense of its beneficial health effects. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge regarding the neurobehavioral effects of Se and discusses its potential mode of action on different aspects of the central and peripheral nervous systems. This review also provides a brief history of Se discovery and uses, its physicochemical properties, biological roles in the CNS, environmental occurrence, and toxicity. We also review potential links between exposure to different forms of Se compounds and aberrant neurobehavioral functions in humans and animals, and identify key knowledge gaps and hypotheses for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Naderi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Pankaj Puar
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | | | - Douglas P Chivers
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Som Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
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Motta HS, Roos D, Tabarelli G, Rodrigues OED, Ávila D, Quines CB. Activation of SOD-3 is involved in the antioxidant effect of a new class of β-aryl-chalcogenium azide compounds in Caenorhabditis elegans. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20181147. [PMID: 32901676 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020181147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic selenium, tellurium and sulfur compounds have been studied due to their pharmacological properties. For instance, the β-aryl-chalcogenium azide compounds have demonstrated antitumoral action in vitro. However, yet no pharmacological actions of this class of compounds were determined in vivo. Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode that presents innumerable advantages in relation to mammalian models, such as having a small and transparent body, which allows the visualization of its internal anatomy, besides short life and low cost. Based on that, the aim of this work was to investigate the pharmacological and toxicological properties of β-aryl-chalcogenium azide compounds in C. elegans. As well, to evaluate the capacity of organochalcogenium compounds to repair oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and the possible mechanism of action of these compounds using CF1553 transgenic strain with superoxide dismutase (SOD-3) tagged with GFP. Our results showed that β-aryl-chalcogenium azide have low toxicity in wild-type worms and the pre-treatment protected against the damage induced by hydrogen peroxide at higher tested concentration. Associated with this, we observed that this protection is due in part to the increased expression of the antioxidant enzyme SOD-3. In conclusion, β-aryl-chalcogenium azide compounds caused low toxicity and induced stress-resistance by modulating SOD-3 expression in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hodara S Motta
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans, BR 472, Km 585, Caixa Postal 118, 97501-970 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Roos
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans, BR 472, Km 585, Caixa Postal 118, 97501-970 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Greice Tabarelli
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Oscar E D Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiana Ávila
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans, BR 472, Km 585, Caixa Postal 118, 97501-970 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline B Quines
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans, BR 472, Km 585, Caixa Postal 118, 97501-970 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
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9
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Diphenyl Ditelluride: Redox-Modulating and Antiproliferative Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2510936. [PMID: 31772702 PMCID: PMC6854260 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2510936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tellurium is a rare element that has been regarded as a toxic, nonessential element, and its biological role is not clearly established. In addition, the biological effects of elemental tellurium and some of its organic and inorganic derivatives have been studied, leading to a set of interesting and promising applications. Diphenyl ditelluride (DPDT), an organic tellurium derivate, showed antioxidant, antigenotoxic, antimutagenic, and anticancer properties. The antioxidant and prooxidant properties of DPDT are complex and depend on experimental conditions, which may explain the contradictory reports of these properties. In addition, DPDT may exert its effects through different pathways, including distinct ones to those responsible for chemotherapy resistance phenotypes: transcription factors, membrane receptors, adhesion, structural molecules, cell cycle regulatory components, and apoptosis pathways. This review aims to present recent advances in our understanding of the biological effects, therapeutic potential, and safety of DPDT treatment. Moreover, original results demonstrating the cytotoxic effects of DPDT in different mammalian cell lines and systems biology analysis are included, and emerging approaches for possible future applications are inferred.
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Tiezza MD, Ribaudo G, Orian L. Organodiselenides: Organic Catalysis and Drug Design Learning from Glutathione Peroxidase. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272822666180803123137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Organodiselenides are an important class of compounds characterized by the
presence of two adjacent covalently bonded selenium nuclei. Among them,
diaryldiselenides and their parent compound diphenyl diselenide attract continuing interest
in chemistry as well as in close disciplines like medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and
biochemistry. A search in SCOPUS database has revealed that in the last three years 105
papers have been published on the archetypal diphenyl diselenide and its use in organic
catalysis and drug tests. The reactivity of the Se-Se bond and the redox properties of selenium
make diselenides efficient catalysts for numerous organic reactions, such as Bayer-
Villiger oxidations of aldehydes/ketones, epoxidations of alkenes, oxidations of alcohols
and nitrogen containing compounds. In addition, organodiselenides might find application
as mimics of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), a family of enzymes, which, besides performing other functions,
regulate the peroxide tone in the cells and control the oxidative stress level. In this review, the essential synthetic
and reactivity aspects of organoselenides are collected and rationalized using the results of accurate
computational studies, which have been carried out mainly in the last two decades. The results obtained in
silico provide a clear explanation of the anti-oxidant activity of organodiselenides and more in general of their
ability to reduce hydroperoxides. At the same time, they are useful to gain insight into some aspects of the enzymatic
activity of the GPx, inspiring novel elements for rational catalyst and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Dalla Tiezza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita degli Studi di, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Orian
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita degli Studi di, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Hexokinases are key enzymes that are responsible for the first reaction of glycolysis, but they also moonlight other cellular processes, including mitochondrial redox signaling regulation. Modulation of hexokinase activity and spatiotemporal location by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as other gasotransmitters serves as the basis for a unique, underexplored method of tight and flexible regulation of these fundamental enzymes. Recent Advances: Redox modifications of thiols serve as a molecular code that enables the precise and complex regulation of hexokinases. Redox regulation of hexokinases is also used by multiple parasites to cause widespread and severe diseases, including malaria, Chagas disease, and sleeping sickness. Redox-active molecules affect each other, and the moonlighting activity of hexokinases provides another feedback loop that affects the cellular redox status and is hijacked in malignantly transformed cells. CRITICAL ISSUES Several compounds affect the redox status of hexokinases in vivo. These include the dehydroascorbic acid (oxidized form of vitamin C), pyrrolidinium porrolidine-1-carbodithioate (contraceptive), peroxynitrite (product of ethanol metabolism), alloxan (a glucose analog), and isobenzothiazolinone ebselen. However, very limited information is available regarding which amino acid residues in hexokinases are affected by redox signaling. Except in cases of monogenic diabetes, direct evidence is absent for disease phenotypes that are associated with variations within motifs that are susceptible to redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further studies should address the propensity of hexokinases and their disease-associated variants to participate in redox regulation. Robust and straightforward proteomic methods are needed to understand the context and consequences of hexokinase-mediated redox regulation in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Heneberg
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic
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Ecker A, da Silva RS, Dos Santos MM, Ardisson-Araújo D, Rodrigues OED, da Rocha JBT, Barbosa NV. Safety profile of AZT derivatives: Organoselenium moieties confer different cytotoxic responses in fresh human erythrocytes during in vitro exposures. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:240-248. [PMID: 30262286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incorporation of selenium in the structure of nucleosides is a promising strategy to develop novel therapeutic molecules. OBJECTIVE To assess the toxic effects of three AZT derivatives containing organoselenium moieties on human erythrocytes. METHODOLOGY Freshly human erythrocytes were acutely treated with AZT and selenium derivatives SZ1 (chlorophenylseleno), SZ2 (phenylseleno) and SZ3 (methylphenylseleno) at concentrations ranging from 10 to 500 μM. Afterwards, parameters related to membrane damage, redox dyshomeostasis and eryptosis were determined in the cells. RESULTS The effects of AZT and derivatives toward erythrocytes differed considerably. Overall, the SZ3 exhibited similar effect profiles to the prototypal AZT, without causing cytotoxicity. Contrary, the derivative SZ1 induced hemolysis and increased the membrane fragility of cells. Reactive species generation, lipid peroxidation and thiol depletion were also substantially increased in cells after exposure to SZ1. δ-ALA-D and Na+/K+-ATPase activities were inhibited by derivatives SZ1 and SZ2. Additionally, both derivatives caused eryptosis, promoting cell shrinkage and translocation of phosphatidylserine at the membrane surface. The size and granularity of erythrocytes were not modified by any compound. CONCLUSION The insertion of either chlorophenylseleno or, in a certain way, phenylseleno moietes in the structure of AZT molecule was harmful to erythrocytes and this effect seems to involve a pro-oxidant activity. This was not true for the derivative encompassing methylphenylseleno portion, making it a promising candidate for pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assis Ecker
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário - Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael S da Silva
- LabSelen-NanoBio - Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mulling Dos Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário - Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ardisson-Araújo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário - Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Oscar E D Rodrigues
- LabSelen-NanoBio - Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário - Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nilda Vargas Barbosa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário - Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Ramachandran S, Thangarajan S. Thymoquinone loaded solid lipid nanoparticles counteracts 3-Nitropropionic acid induced motor impairments and neuroinflammation in rat model of Huntington's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1459-1470. [PMID: 29855977 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Defect in gene transcription, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are the dominant disease process that causes striatal cell loss with motor abnormalities in Huntington's disease (HD). Homogeneous pathological reminiscent of HD was extrapolated in the present study using a potent mitochondrial toxin, 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP). Administration of 3-NP for 14 days in the present study portends glial cell activation, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor stimulation, neuroinflammation and motor deficits. The therapeutic strategy in the present study was improvised by formulating thymoquinone, a biologically active compound into a colloidal carrier namely solid lipid nanoparticles. Treatment with 10 and 20 mg/kg b.w of thymoquinone loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (TQ-SLNs) and 80 mg/kg b.w of thymoquinone suspension (TQ-S) showed a significant (P < 0.01) improvement in ATPases function in 3-NP induced animals than TQ-S (40 mg/kg b.w) treated group. TQ-SLNs (10 and 20 mg/kg) treatment also attenuated the overexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), pro-inflammatory cytokines and p-p65 NFκB nuclear translocation in 3-NP exposed animals. Further, TQ-SLNs treatment desensitizes NR2B-subtype NMDA receptor, improves tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immune reactive neurons and ameliorated the motor abnormalities in 3-NP intoxicated animals than TQ-S treated group. Hence, the study signifies that the treatment with lower doses of nanoformulated thymoquinone than thymoquinone suspension can efficiently culminate 3-NP induced HD progression in the striatum of male wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surekha Ramachandran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India
| | - Sumathi Thangarajan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India.
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Sampaio TB, da Rocha JT, Quines CB, Stein ALA, Zeni G, Nogueira CW. Sulfhydryl-Based Inhibition of δ-ALA-D and Na+
, K+
-ATPase Activities Depends on the Organoselenium Group Bonded to the Isoquinoline. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:1144-1150. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuane Bazanella Sampaio
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria CEP 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Brandão Quines
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria CEP 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - André Luiz Agnes Stein
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria CEP 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - Gilson Zeni
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria CEP 97105-900 RS Brazil
| | - Cristina Wayne Nogueira
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria CEP 97105-900 RS Brazil
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Ebselen Preserves Tissue-Engineered Cell Sheets and their Stem Cells in Hypothermic Conditions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38987. [PMID: 27966584 PMCID: PMC5155221 DOI: 10.1038/srep38987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials have been performed using autologous tissue-engineered epithelial cell sheets for corneal regenerative medicine. To improve stem cell-based therapy for convenient clinical practice, new techniques are required for preserving reconstructed tissues and their stem/progenitor cells until they are ready for use. In the present study, we screened potential preservative agents and developed a novel medium for preserving the cell sheets and their stem/progenitor cells; the effects were evaluated with a luciferase-based viability assay. Nrf2 activators, specifically ebselen, could maintain high ATP levels during preservation. Ebselen also showed a strong influence on maintenance of the viability, morphology, and stem cell function of the cell sheets preserved under hypothermia by protecting them from reactive oxygen species-induced damage. Furthermore, ebselen drastically improved the preservation performance of human cornea tissues and their stem cells. Therefore, ebselen shows good potential as a useful preservation agent in regenerative medicine as well as in cornea transplantation.
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Convergent Synthesis of Two Fluorescent Ebselen-Coumarin Heterodimers. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9030043. [PMID: 27399725 PMCID: PMC5039496 DOI: 10.3390/ph9030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The organo-seleniumdrug ebselen exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects that are predominantly due to its interference with redox systems catalyzed by seleno enzymes, e.g., glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase. Moreover, ebselen can covalently interact with thiol groups of several enzymes. According to its pleiotropic mode of action, ebselen has been investigated in clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of different ailments. Fluorescence-labeled probes containing ebselen are expected to be suitable for further biological and medicinal studies. We therefore designed and synthesized two coumarin-tagged activity-based probes bearing the ebselen warhead. The heterodimers differ by the nature of the spacer structure, for which—in the second compound—a PEG/two-amide spacer was introduced. The interaction of this probe and of ebselen with two cysteine proteases was investigated.
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Gulati (nee Doomra) S, Pundir S, Kumar S, Bhasin KK. Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Fluoro-3-Pyridyl Tellurium Compounds: X-Ray Crystal Structure of Bis(2-Fluoro-3-Pyridyltelluro)Methane. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2014.996642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shikha Pundir
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Punjab University, Chandigarh- 160014, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Punjab University, Chandigarh- 160014, India
| | - Kuldip K. Bhasin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Punjab University, Chandigarh- 160014, India
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Diphenyl ditelluride intoxication triggers histological changes in liver, kidney, and lung of mice. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2015; 2015:784612. [PMID: 26236579 PMCID: PMC4506830 DOI: 10.1155/2015/784612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tellurium compounds may be cytotoxic to different cells types. Thus, this work evaluated the effect of diphenyl ditelluride ((PhTe)2), an organotellurium commonly used in organic synthesis, on the morphology of liver, kidney, and lung. Adult mice were acutely (a subcutaneous single dose: 250 μmol/kg) or subchronically (one daily subcutaneous dose: 10 or 50 μmol/kg for 7 and 14 days) exposed to (PhTe)2. Afterwards, the histological analyses of liver, kidney, and lungs were performed. Liver histology revealed that the hepatocytes of mice subchronically exposed to (PhTe)2 presented cytoplasmic vacuolization, hydropic degeneration, and hyperchromatic nuclei. Subchronic exposure to 50 μmol/kg (PhTe)2 also caused hepatic necrosis. Microvesicular and macrovesicular steatosis were identified in liver of mice acutely exposed to (PhTe)2. Acute and subchronic intoxication with (PhTe)2 induced changes on epithelial cells of renal tubules, namely, loss of brush border and cytoplasmatic vacuolization. Atrophy and hypertrophy, cast proteinaceous formation, and acute tubular necrosis were also identified in renal tissue. Mice subchronically exposed to 50 μmol/kg (PhTe)2 developed intra-alveolar edema and alveolar wall congestion in some areas of lungs. Acute exposure to (PhTe)2 did not cause histological changes in lungs. Our data show that (PhTe)2 may be considered a histotoxic agent for liver, kidney, and lung.
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Trindade C, Juchem ALM, de Albuquerque NRM, de Oliveira IM, Rosa RM, Guecheva TN, Saffi J, Henriques JAP. Antigenotoxic and antimutagenic effects of diphenyl ditelluride against several known mutagens in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Mutagenesis 2015; 30:799-809. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Omotayo TI, Akinyemi GS, Omololu PA, Ajayi BO, Akindahunsi AA, Rocha JBT, Kade IJ. Possible involvement of membrane lipids peroxidation and oxidation of catalytically essential thiols of the cerebral transmembrane sodium pump as component mechanisms of iron-mediated oxidative stress-linked dysfunction of the pump's activity. Redox Biol 2014; 4:234-41. [PMID: 25618580 PMCID: PMC4803792 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise molecular events defining the complex role of oxidative stress in the inactivation of the cerebral sodium pump in radical-induced neurodegenerative diseases is yet to be fully clarified and thus still open. Herein we investigated the modulation of the activity of the cerebral transmembrane electrogenic enzyme in Fe2+-mediated in vitro oxidative stress model. The results show that Fe2+ inhibited the transmembrane enzyme in a concentration dependent manner and this effect was accompanied by a biphasic generation of aldehydic product of lipid peroxidation. While dithiothreitol prevented both Fe2+ inhibitory effect on the pump and lipid peroxidation, vitamin E prevented only lipid peroxidation but not inhibition of the pump. Besides, malondialdehyde (MDA) inhibited the pump by a mechanism not related to oxidation of its critical thiols. Apparently, the low activity of the pump in degenerative diseases mediated by Fe2+ may involve complex multi-component mechanisms which may partly involve an initial oxidation of the critical thiols of the enzyme directly mediated by Fe2+ and during severe progression of such diseases; aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation such as MDA may further exacerbate this inhibitory effect by a mechanism that is likely not related to the oxidation of the catalytically essential thiols of the ouabain-sensitive cerebral electrogenic pump. Fe2+ evoked lipid peroxidation (LPO) and inhibition of sodium pump (SP) in rat brain. However, dithiothreitol prevented both Fe2+-mediated LPO and inhibition of SP. Conversely, vitamin E prevented only Fe2+-mediated LPO but not inhibition of SP. Thus Fe2+ mediated inactivation of SP likely by oxidizing the essential thiol on SP. However, malondialdehyde inhibited SP by a mechanism not related to thiol oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T I Omotayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - G S Akinyemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - P A Omololu
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - B O Ajayi
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - A A Akindahunsi
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - J B T Rocha
- Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Exatas, Programa Posgraduacao em Bioquimica Toxciologica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - I J Kade
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
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Jorge PM, de Oliveira IM, Filippi Chiela EC, Viau CM, Saffi J, Horn F, Rosa RM, Guecheva TN, Pêgas Henriques JA. Diphenyl Ditelluride-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis: A Relation with Topoisomerase I Inhibition. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 116:273-80. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M. Jorge
- Department of Biophysics; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Iuri M. de Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | | | - Cassiana M. Viau
- Department of Basic Health Sciences; Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Jenifer Saffi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences; Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Fabiana Horn
- Department of Biophysics; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Renato M. Rosa
- Department of Biophysics; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Temenouga N. Guecheva
- Department of Biophysics; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - João A. Pêgas Henriques
- Department of Biophysics; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Biotecnology Institute; University of Caxias do Sul (UCS); Caxias do Sul RS Brazil
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Comparsi B, Meinerz DF, Dalla Corte CL, Prestes AS, Stefanello ST, Santos DB, Souza DD, Farina M, Dafre AL, Posser T, Franco JL, Rocha JBT. N-acetylcysteine does not protect behavioral and biochemical toxicological effect after acute exposure of diphenyl ditelluride. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:529-35. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.920449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Reis de Sá LF, Toledo FT, de Sousa BA, Gonçalves AC, Tessis AC, Wendler EP, Comasseto JV, Dos Santos AA, Ferreira-Pereira A. Synthetic organotelluride compounds induce the reversal of Pdr5p mediated fluconazole resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:201. [PMID: 25062749 PMCID: PMC4222501 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-014-0201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance to fluconazole, a commonly used azole antifungal, is a challenge for the treatment of fungal infections. Resistance can be mediated by overexpression of ABC transporters, which promote drug efflux that requires ATP hydrolysis. The Pdr5p ABC transporter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-known model used to study this mechanism of antifungal resistance. The present study investigated the effects of 13 synthetic compounds on Pdr5p. Results Among the tested compounds, four contained a tellurium-butane group and shared structural similarities that were absent in the other tested compounds: a lateral hydrocarbon chain and an amide group. These four compounds were capable of inhibiting Pdr5p ATPase activity by more than 90%, they demonstrated IC50 values less than 2 μM and had an uncompetitive pattern of Pdr5p ATPase activity inhibition. These organotellurides did not demonstrate cytotoxicity against human erythrocytes or S. cerevisiae mutant strains (a strain that overexpress Pdr5p and a null mutant strain) even in concentrations above 100 μM. When tested at 100 μM, they could reverse the fluconazole resistance expressed by both the S. cerevisiae mutant strain that overexpress Pdr5p and a clinical isolate of Candida albicans. Conclusions We have identified four organotellurides that are promising candidates for the reversal of drug resistance mediated by drug efflux pumps. These molecules will act as scaffolds for the development of more efficient and effective efflux pump inhibitors that can be used in combination therapy with available antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alcindo A Dos Santos
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Laboratório de Bioquímica Microbiana, CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.
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Azad GK, Tomar RS. Ebselen, a promising antioxidant drug: mechanisms of action and targets of biological pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:4865-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation of organochalcogens in human leucocytes: a comparative study between ebselen, diphenyl diselenide, and diphenyl ditelluride. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:537279. [PMID: 24350274 PMCID: PMC3856129 DOI: 10.1155/2013/537279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Organochalcogens, particularly ebselen, have been used in experimental and clinical trials with borderline efficacy. (PhSe)2 and (PhTe)2 are the simplest of the diaryl dichalcogenides and share with ebselen pharmacological properties. In view of the concerns with the use of mammals in studies and the great number of new organochalcogens with potential pharmacological properties that have been synthesized, it becomes important to develop screening protocols to select compounds that are worth to be tested in vivo. This study investigated the possible use of isolated human white cells as a preliminary model to test organochalcogen toxicity. Human leucocytes were exposed to 5–50 μM of ebselen, (PhSe)2, or (PhTe)2. All compounds were cytotoxic (Trypan's Blue exclusion) at the highest concentration tested, and Ebselen was the most toxic. Ebselen and (PhSe)2 were genotoxic (Comet Assay) only at 50 μM, and (PhTe)2 at 5–50 μM. Here, the acute cytotoxicity did not correspond with in vivo toxicity of the compounds. But the genotoxicity was in the same order of the in vivo toxicity to mice. These results indicate that in vitro genotoxicity in white blood cells should be considered as an early step in the investigation of potential toxicity of organochalcogens.
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Quines CB, Rosa SG, Neto JSS, Zeni G, Nogueira CW. Phenylethynyl-butyltellurium inhibits the sulfhydryl enzyme Na+, K+ -ATPase: an effect dependent on the tellurium atom. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 155:261-6. [PMID: 23955422 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Organotellurium compounds are known for their toxicological effects. These effects may be associated with the chemical structure of these compounds and the oxidation state of the tellurium atom. In this context, 2-phenylethynyl-butyltellurium (PEBT) inhibits the activity of the sulfhydryl enzyme, δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase. The present study investigated on the importance of the tellurium atom in the PEBT ability to oxidize mono- and dithiols of low molecular weight and sulfhydryl enzymes in vitro. PEBT, at high micromolar concentrations, oxidized dithiothreitol (DTT) and inhibited cerebral Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity, but did not alter the lactate dehydrogenase activity. The inhibition of cerebral Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity was completely restored by DTT. By contrast, 2-phenylethynyl-butyl, a molecule without the tellurium atom, neither oxidized DTT nor altered the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity. In conclusion, the tellurium atom of PEBT is crucial for the catalytic oxidation of sulfhydryl groups from thiols of low molecular weight and from Na(+), K(+)-ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline B Quines
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP, 97105-900, RS, Brazil
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Schiar VPP, dos Santos DB, Duarte MMMF, Vargas F, Ribeiro MCP, Nogueira CW, Zeni G, Hassan W, da Rocha JBT. An in vivo insight to the toxicological profile of various organotellurides. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:813-818. [PMID: 23958975 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study we have examined the in vivo toxic effects of various organochalcogens on hepatic, renal, glycemic and lipid profile. Diorganotellurium dichloride phosphonate (C1) at all tested doses did not modify serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in mice. While, 2-butyltellurium furan (C2) and dinaphthalene ditelluride (C3) at a dose of 0.75 and 0.125 mmol/kg caused an increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and ALT activities. Our data showed that C1 caused an increase in urea content at different doses while treatment with C2 and C3 did not modify urea content. Treatment with C2 caused a significant alteration in serum glucose and fructosamine levels which explains the possible toxicity of these compounds. No significant changes were observed for cholesterol and triglycerides levels. These results suggest that organochalcogen compounds presented liver and renal toxicity and also altered glycemic profile which may leads to various clinical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Patrícia P Schiar
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Joice AC, Harris MT, Kahney EW, Dodson HC, Maselli AG, Whitehead DC, Morris JC. Exploring the mode of action of ebselen in Trypanosoma brucei hexokinase inhibition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2013; 3:154-60. [PMID: 24533305 PMCID: PMC3862409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma brucei hexokinase 1 is irreversibly inhibited by ebselen. Mutation of Cys residues did not change hexamer abundance. Active variants bearing Cys mutations were inhibited by ebselen. ESI–MS/MS indicated that the essential Cys327 was oxidized by ebselen.
Glycolysis is essential to Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness, suggesting enzymes in the pathway could be targets for drug development. Ebselen (2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one, EbSe) was identified in a screen as a potent inhibitor of T. brucei hexokinase 1 (TbHK1), the first enzyme in the pathway. EbSe has a history of promiscuity as an enzyme inhibitor, inactivating proteins through seleno-sulfide conjugation with Cys residues. Indeed, dilution of TbHK1 and inhibitor following incubation did not temper inhibition suggesting conjugate formation. Using mass spectrometry to analyze EbSe-based modifications revealed that two Cys residues (C327 and C369) were oxidized after treatment. Site-directed mutagenesis of C327 led to enzyme inactivation indicating that C327 was essential for catalysis. C369 was not essential, suggesting that EbSe inhibition of TbHK1 was the consequence of modification of C327 via thiol oxidation. Additionally, neither EbSe treatment nor mutation of the nine TbHK1 Cys residues appreciably altered enzyme quaternary structure.
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Key Words
- BSF, bloodstream form
- EbS, 2-phenyl-12-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one
- EbSe, ebselen (2-phenyl-12-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one)
- Ebselen
- G6-P, glucose-6-phosphate
- G6PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GK, glycerol kinase
- Gly3P, glycerol-3-phosphate
- HK, hexokinase
- Hexokinase
- Inhibitors
- PF, procyclic form
- TbHK, T. brucei hexokinase
- Trypanosoma brucei
- rTbHK1, recombinant Trypanosoma brucei hexokinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
- April C Joice
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Michael T Harris
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Elizabeth W Kahney
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Heidi C Dodson
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Andrew G Maselli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL 60628, United States
| | - Daniel C Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - James C Morris
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
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Prauchner CA, de Souza Prestes A, Nogueira CW, Rocha JBT. Effects of diphenyl diselenide and diphenyl ditellurite on chicken embryo development. Toxicol Mech Methods 2013; 23:660-4. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2013.834015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kade IJ, Balogun BD, Rocha JBT. In vitro glutathione peroxidase mimicry of ebselen is linked to its oxidation of critical thiols on key cerebral suphydryl proteins - A novel component of its GPx-mimic antioxidant mechanism emerging from its thiol-modulated toxicology and pharmacology. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 206:27-36. [PMID: 23933410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant mechanism of ebselen in rats brain is largely linked with its glutathione peroxidase (GPx) rather than its peroxiredoxin mimicry ability. However, the precise molecular dynamics between the GPx-mimicry of ebselen and thiol utilization is yet to be fully clarified and thus still open. Herein, we investigated the influence of dithiothreitol (DTT) on the antioxidant action of ebselen against oxidant-induced cerebral lipid peroxidation and deoxyribose degradation. Furthermore, the critical inhibitory concentrations of ebselen on the activities of sulphydryl enzymes such as cerebral sodium pump, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also investigated. We observe that ebselen (at ≥42 μM) markedly inhibited lipid peroxidation in the presence and absence of DTT, whereas it inhibited deoxyribose degradation only in the presence of DTT. Furthermore, under in vitro conditions, ebselen inhibited the thiol containing enzymes; cerebral sodium pump (at ≥40 μM), δ-ALAD (≥10 μM) and LDH (≥1 μM) which were either prevented or reversed by DTT. However, the inhibition of the activities of these sulphydryl proteins in diabetic animals was prevented by ebselen. Summarily, it is apparent that the effective in vitro inhibitory doses of ebselen on the activity of the sulphydryl proteins are far less than its antioxidant doses. In addition, the presence of DTT is evidently a critical requirement for ebselen to effect its antioxidant action against deoxyribose degeradation and not lipid peroxidation. Consequently, we conclude that ebselen possibly utilizes available thiols on sulphydryl proteins to effect its GPx mimicry antioxidant action against lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Kade
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
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31
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Neuroprotective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Selaginella delicatula as Evidenced by Abrogation of Rotenone-Induced Motor Deficits, Oxidative Dysfunctions, and Neurotoxicity in Mice. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 33:929-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-9959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Interrogating a hexokinase-selected small-molecule library for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum hexokinase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:3731-7. [PMID: 23716053 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00662-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasites in the genus Plasmodium cause disease throughout the tropic and subtropical regions of the world. P. falciparum, one of the deadliest species of the parasite, relies on glycolysis for the generation of ATP while it inhabits the mammalian red blood cell. The first step in glycolysis is catalyzed by hexokinase (HK). While the 55.3-kDa P. falciparum HK (PfHK) shares several biochemical characteristics with mammalian HKs, including being inhibited by its products, it has limited amino acid identity (~26%) to the human HKs, suggesting that enzyme-specific therapeutics could be generated. To that end, interrogation of a selected small-molecule library of HK inhibitors has identified a class of PfHK inhibitors, isobenzothiazolinones, some of which have 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of <1 μM. Inhibition was reversible by dilution but not by treatment with a reducing agent, suggesting that the basis for enzyme inactivation was not covalent association with the inhibitor. Lastly, six of these compounds and the related molecule ebselen inhibited P. falciparum growth in vitro (50% effective concentration [EC50] of ≥ 0.6 and <6.8 μM). These findings suggest that the chemotypes identified here could represent leads for future development of therapeutics against P. falciparum.
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Meinerz DF, Comparsi B, Allebrandt J, Mariano DOC, Dos Santos DB, Zemolin APP, Farina M, Dafre LA, Rocha JBT, Posser T, Franco JL. Sub-acute administration of (S)-dimethyl 2-(3-(phenyltellanyl) propanamido) succinate induces toxicity and oxidative stress in mice: unexpected effects of N-acetylcysteine. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:182. [PMID: 23658858 PMCID: PMC3644195 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The organic tellurium compound (S)-dimethyl 2-(3-(phenyltellanyl) propanamide) succinate (TeAsp) exhibits thiol-peroxidase activity that could potentially offer protection against oxidative stress. However, data from the literature show that tellurium is a toxic agent to rodents. In order to mitigate such toxicity, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was administered in parallel with TeAsp during 10 days. Mice were separated into four groups receiving daily injections of (A) vehicle (PBS 2.5 ml/kg, i.p. and DMSO 1 ml/kg, s.c.), (B) NAC (100 mg/kg, i.p. and DMSO s.c.), (C) PBS i.p. and TeAsp (92.5 μmol/kg, s.c), or (D) NAC plus TeAsp. TeAsp treatment started on the fourth day. Vehicle or NAC-treated animals showed an increase in body weight whereas TeAsp caused a significant reduction. Contrary to expected, NAC co-administration potentiated the toxic effect of TeAsp, causing a decrease in body weight. Vehicle, NAC or TeAsp did not affect the exploratory and motor activity in the open-field test at the end of the treatment, while the combination of NAC and TeAsp produced a significant decrease in these parameters. No DNA damage or alterations in cell viability were observed in leukocytes of treated animals. Treatments produced no or minor effects on the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, whereas the activity of the thioredoxin reductase was decreased in the brain and increased the liver of the animals in the groups receiving TeAsp or TeAsp plus NAC. In conclusion, the toxicity of TeAsp was potentiated by NAC and oxidative stress appears to play a central role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane F Meinerz
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS CEP 97105-900 Brazil
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34
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Puntel RL, Roos DH, Seeger RL, Rocha JB. Mitochondrial electron transfer chain complexes inhibition by different organochalcogens. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:59-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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35
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Physicochemical and Biochemical Profiling of Diphenyl Diselenide. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 169:885-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-0042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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Puntel RL, Roos DH, Seeger RL, Aschner M, Rocha JBT. Organochalcogens inhibit mitochondrial complexes I and II in rat brain: possible implications for neurotoxicity. Neurotox Res 2012; 24:109-18. [PMID: 23224748 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-012-9365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Organochalcogens, such as organoselenium and organotellurium compounds, can be neurotoxic to rodents. Since mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in neurological disorders, the present study was designed to test the hypothesis that rat brain mitochondrial complexes (I, II, I-III, II-III and IV) could be molecular targets of organochalcogens. The results show that organochalcogens caused statistically significant inhibition of mitochondrial complex I activity, which was prevented by preincubation with NADH and fully blunted by reduced glutathione (GSH). Mitochondrial complex II activity remained unchanged in response to (PhSe)₂ treatment. Ebs and (PhTe)₂ caused a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of complex II that was also blunted by GSH. Mitochondrial complex IV activity was not modified by organochalcogens. Collectively, Ebs, (PhSe)₂ and (PhTe)₂ were more effective inhibitors of brain mitochondrial complex I than of complex II, whereas they did not affect complex IV. These observations are consistent with organochalcogens inducing mitochondrial complex I and II inhibition via their thiol-oxidase-like activity, with Ebs, (PhSe)₂ and (PhTe)₂ effectively oxidising critical thiol groups of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Luiz Puntel
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, RS 97500-970, Brazil.
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37
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Prigol M, Brüning CA, Martini F, Nogueira CW. Comparative excretion and tissue distribution of selenium in mice and rats following treatment with diphenyl diselenide. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 150:272-7. [PMID: 22692883 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to provide data about in vivo tissue distribution and excretion of diphenyl diselenide ((PhSe)₂) in rats and mice through determination of selenium levels in different biological samples. (PhSe)₂ (500 mg/kg, dissolved in canola oil) was administered to animals once a day per oral. After this, mice and rats were housed in metabolic cages (one animal per cage) and urine and feces were collected at specific times after treatment. Three to five animals per group (for each time-point) were anesthetized and blood samples were collected at 0 and 30 min, 24 h, at day 5, 15, and 30 after (PhSe)₂ administration. The plasma and red blood cells were separated. Brain, liver, lungs, kidneys, and adipose tissue were also collected. The determination of selenium levels was performed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The main results indicate that: (1) urine is an important route of excretion of selenium originated from (PhSe)₂ in mice and rats; (2) a large amount of (PhSe)₂ or some of its metabolites are stored in fat; (3) the content of selenium found in plasma was low; and (4) liver and kidneys are the tissues with high amounts of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Prigol
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, CEP 97.650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil.
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38
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Prigol M, Nogueira CW, Zeni G, Bronze MR, Constantino L. In vitro metabolism of diphenyl diselenide in rat liver fractions. Conjugation with GSH and binding to thiol groups. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 200:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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de Freitas ML, da Silva ARH, Roman SS, Brandão R. Effects of 4,4'-dichloro-diphenyl diselenide (ClPhSe)2 on toxicity induced by mercuric chloride in mice: a comparative study with diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 34:985-994. [PMID: 22981437 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of 4,4'-dichloro-diphenyl diselenide (ClPhSe)(2) on the toxicity induced by mercuric chloride (HgCl(2)) were investigated and compared with diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)(2). Mice received HgCl(2) for three days and, on the third day, received (PhSe)(2) or (ClPhSe)(2). The results verified that the administration of (ClPhSe)(2) in mice exposed to HgCl(2) increased renal δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activities and non-protein thiol (NPSH) levels and also decreased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and ascorbic acid levels, when compared to mice exposed to HgCl(2)+(PhSe)(2). Plasma and urinary protein, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and histological parameters were also ameliorated in mice exposed to HgCl(2)+(ClPhSe)(2). In addition, the hepatic damage in mice exposed to HgCl(2)+(PhSe)(2) was reduced in animals exposed to (ClPhSe)(2). To sum up, the introduction of a functional group (chloro) in the aromatic ring of diaryl diselenide reduced the toxicity of this compound in liver and kidney of mice exposed to HgCl(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara L de Freitas
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 RS, Brazil
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40
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Mercury toxicity on sodium pump and organoseleniums intervention: a paradox. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:924549. [PMID: 22927724 PMCID: PMC3425867 DOI: 10.1155/2012/924549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury is an environmental poison, and the damage to living system is generally severe. The severity of mercury poisoning is consequent from the fact that it targets the thiol-containing enzymes, irreversibly oxidizing their critical thiol groups, consequently leading to an inactivation of the enzyme. The Na+/K+-ATPase is a sulfhydryl protein that is sensitive to Hg2+ assault. On the other hand, organoseleniums are a class of pharmacologically promising compounds with potent antioxidant effects. While Hg2+ oxidizes sulfhydryl groups of Na+/K+-ATPase under in vitro and in vivo conditions, the organoselenium compounds inhibit Na+/K+-ATPase in vitro but enhance its activities under in vivo conditions with concomitant increase in the level of endogenous thiols. Paradoxically, it appears that these two thiol oxidants can be used to counteract one another under in vivo conditions, and this hypothesis serves as the basis for this paper.
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41
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de Andrade RB, Gemelli T, Guerra RB, Funchal C, Wannmacher CMD. Kinetic studies on the inhibition of creatine kinase activity by 3-butyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenyltelluro)oct-en-1-one in the cerebral cortex of rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3468-74. [PMID: 22884765 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tellurium has been used as an industrial component of many alloys and in the electronic industry. Organotellurium compounds can cause poisoning which leads to neurotoxic symptoms such as significant impairment of learning, spatial memory and are potentially neurotoxic to human beings. However, the molecular mechanisms of neurotoxicity of organotellurium compounds are not well understood. Considering that creatine kinase plays a key role in energy metabolism of tissues with intermittently high and fluctuating energy requirements, such as nervous tissue, the main objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which 3-butyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenyltelluro)oct-en-1-one inhibit creatine kinase activity, a key enzyme of energy homeostasis, in the cerebral cortex of 30-day-old Wistar rats. For the kinetic studies, the Lineweaver-Burk plot was used to characterize the mechanisms of enzyme inhibition by 3-butyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenyltelluro)oct-en-1-one. The results suggested that this compound inhibits creatine kinase activity by two different mechanisms: competition with ADP and oxidation of critical sulfhydryl groups for the functioning of the enzyme. The potential for inhibition of creatine kinase to occur in vivo may contribute to the neurotoxicity observed by this organochaocogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Binkowski de Andrade
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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42
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Hassan W, Narayanaperumal S, Gul K, Rahman AU, Braga AL, Rodrigues OE, Rocha JBT. Modulation of diorganoyl dichalcogenides reactivity by non-bonded nitrogen interactions. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 199:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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43
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Gonçalves JF, Nicoloso FT, da Costa P, Farias JG, Carvalho FB, da Rosa MM, Gutierres JM, Abdalla FH, Pereira JSF, Dias GRM, Barbosa NBV, Dressler VL, Rubin MA, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC. Behavior and brain enzymatic changes after long-term intoxication with cadmium salt or contaminated potatoes. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3709-18. [PMID: 22819775 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the cadmium (Cd) intoxication on cognitive, motor and anxiety performance of rats subjected to long-term exposure to diet with Cd salt or with Cd from contaminated potato tubers. Potato plantlets were micropropagated in MS medium and transplanted to plastic trays containing sand. Tubers were collected, planted in sand boxes and cultivated with 0 or 10 μM Cd and, after were oven-dried, powder processed and used for diet. Rats were divided into six groups and fed different diets for 5 months: control, potato, potato+Cd, 1, 5 or 25 mg/kg CdCl2. Cd exposure increased Cd concentration in brain regions. There was a significant decrease in the step-down latency in Cd-intoxicated rats and, elevated plus maze task revealed an anxiolytic effect in rats fed potato diet per se, and an anxiogenic effect in rats fed 25 mg/kg Cd. The brain structures of rats exposed to Cd salt or Cd from tubers showed an increased AChE activity, but Na+,K+-ATPase decreased in cortex, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. Therefore, we suggest an association between the long-term diet of potato tuber and a clear anxiolytic effect. Moreover, we observed an impaired cognition and enhanced anxiety-like behavior displayed by Cd-intoxicated rats coupled with a marked increase of brain Cd concentration, and increase and decrease of AChE and Na+,K+-ATPase activities, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamile F Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcellos, 2600-Anexo, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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44
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Toxicological evaluation of chronic exposure to the organochalcogen 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenylseleno)oct-2-en-1-one in male rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2450-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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45
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Shinomol GK, Bharath MMS, Muralidhara. Pretreatment with Bacopa monnieri extract offsets 3-nitropropionic acid induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunctions in the striatum of prepubertal mouse brain. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:595-606. [PMID: 22472017 DOI: 10.1139/y2012-030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was designed to determine the efficacy of Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi; BM) to offset 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in dopaminergic (N27) cells and prepubertal mouse brain. Pretreatment of N27 cells with BM ethanolic extract (BME) significantly attenuated 3-NPA-induced cytotoxicity. Further, we determined the degree of oxidative stress induction, redox status, enzymic antioxidants, and protein oxidation in the striatal mitochondria of mice given BME prophylaxis followed by 3-NPA challenge. While 3-NPA-induced marked oxidative stress in the mitochondria of the striatum, BME prophylaxis markedly prevented 3-NPA-induced oxidative dysfunctions and depletion of reduced glutathione and thiol levels. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase), Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, and citric acid cycle enzymes in the striatum discernible among 3-NPA mice were significantly restored with BME prophylaxis. Interestingly, BME offered protection against 3-NPA-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions as evidenced by the restoration of the activities of ETC enzymes (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, NADH:cytochrome c reductase, succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, and cytochrome c oxidase) and mitochondrial viability. We hypothesize that the neuroprotective effects of BME may be wholly or in part related to its propensity to scavenge free radicals, maintain redox status, and upregulate antioxidant machinery in striatal mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- George K Shinomol
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
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46
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da Rosa EJF, da Silva MH, Carvalho NR, Bridi JC, da Rocha JB, Carbajo-Pescador S, Mauriz JL, González-Gallego J, Soares FAA. Reduction of acute hepatic damage induced by acetaminophen after treatment with diphenyl diselenide in mice. Toxicol Pathol 2012; 40:605-13. [PMID: 22301948 DOI: 10.1177/0192623311436179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the authors evaluated the ability of diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)(2) to reverse acute hepatic failure induced by acetaminophen (APAP) in mice. The animals received an APAP dose of 600 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.), and then 1 hour later, they received 15.6 mg/kg i.p. of (PhSe)(2). Three hours after (PhSe)(2) administration, the animals were sacrificed and blood and liver samples were collected for analysis. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured. The levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DFC), catalase activity (CAT), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were determined in the liver. A methyl-tetrazolium reduction (MTT) assay was also performed on the liver. Histopathological studies were conducted in all groups. Exposure of animals to APAP induced oxidative stress, increased lipid peroxidation (LPO), and the generation of reactive species, reduced the levels of GSH, and caused an increase in the MPO activity. Treatment with (PhSe)(2) reduced LPO and the formation of reactive species and inhibited the processes of inflammation, reducing the hepatic damage induced by APAP. The results of this study show that (PhSe)(2) is a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of acute hepatic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edovando J F da Rosa
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
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Medeiros MC, Mello A, Gemelli T, Teixeira C, de Almeida M, de Andrade RB, Wannmacher CMD, Guerra RB, Gomez R, Funchal C. Effect of chronic administration of the vinyl chalcogenide 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenylseleno)oct-2-en-1-one on oxidative stress in different brain areas of rats. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:928-34. [PMID: 22212881 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-011-0685-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 12/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential mineral for mammals. It is a nutrient related to the complex metabolic and enzymatic functions. Although Se has important physiological functions in the cells, organic compounds of Se can be extremely toxic, and may affect the central nervous system. This study aims to investigate the effect of the chronic treatment with the vinyl chalcogenide 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenylseleno)oct-2-en-1-one on some parameters of oxidative stress in the brain of rats. Animals received the vinyl chalcogenide (125, 250 or 500 μg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally once a day during 30 days. The cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the cerebellum were dissected and homogenized in KCl. Afterward, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), carbonyl, sulfhydryl, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured in the brain. Results showed that the organoselenium enhanced TBARS in the cerebral cortex of rats but the compound was not able to change carbonyl levels. Furthermore, the organoselenium reduced thiol groups measured by the sulfhydryl assay in all tissues studied. The activity of the antioxidant enzyme CAT was increased by the organochalcogen in the cerebral cortex and in the cerebellum, and the activity of SOD was increased in the hippocampus. On the other hand, the activity of the antioxidant enzyme GPx was reduced in all brain structures. Our findings indicate that this organoselenium compound induces oxidative stress in different brain regions of rats, corroborating to the fact that this tissue is a potential target for organochalcogen action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carla Medeiros
- Centro Universitário Metodista do IPA, Rua Cel. Joaquim Pedro Salgado 80, Porto Alegre, RS 90420-060, Brazil
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Chagas PM, Bortolatto CF, Wilhelm EA, Nogueira CW. High doses of 2,2'-dithienyl diselenide cause systemic toxicity in rats: an in vitro and in vivo study. J Appl Toxicol 2011; 33:480-7. [PMID: 22180340 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Organoselenium compounds have important pharmacological properties. However, these compounds can cause toxicity, typically related to oxidation of endogenous thiols. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 2,2'-dithienyl diselenide (DTDS) has potential toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, sulfhydryl-containing enzyme activities, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) and Na(+) -K(+) -ATPase were used to predict DTDS toxicity in rat brain homogenate in vitro. In in vivo experiments, a DTDS administration (50 or 100 mg kg(-1) , p.o.) to rats was performed and toxicological parameters were determined. DTDS inhibited δ-ALA-D (IC50 2 µm) and Na(+) -K(+) -ATPase (IC50 17 µm) activities in vitro. The inhibitory effect of DTDS on δ-ALA-D and Na(+) -K(+) -ATPase activities was restored by dithiothreitol. DTDS (5-25 µm) elicited a thiol oxidase-like activity. In vivo, DTDS (50 and 100 mg kg(-1) ) caused systemic toxicity, evidenced by a decrease in water and food intakes and body weight gain, as well as the death of rats. DTDS at the dose of 100 mg kg(-1) increased plasma alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities and decreased urea levels. At 50 and 100 mg kg(-1) , it increased lipid peroxidation levels. At the highest dose, DTDS inhibited δ-ALA-D activity. By contrast, Na(+) -K(+) -ATPase activity and antioxidant defense were not altered in the brains of rats exposed to DTDS. In conclusion, interaction with the cisteinyl residues seems to mediate the inhibitory effect of DTDS on sulfhydryl-containing enzymes in vitro. In addition, high oral doses of DTDS induce toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Maria Chagas
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
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Heimfarth L, Loureiro SO, Reis KP, de Lima BO, Zamboni F, Lacerda S, Soska ÂK, Wild L, da Rocha JBT, Pessoa-Pureur R. Diphenyl ditelluride induces hypophosphorylation of intermediate filaments through modulation of DARPP-32-dependent pathways in cerebral cortex of young rats. Arch Toxicol 2011; 86:217-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Acute treatment with the organochalcogen 3‐butyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐(phenyltelluro)oct‐en‐1‐one produces behavioral changes and inhibition of creatine kinase activity in the brain of rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2011; 29:903-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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