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Laosatit K, Amkul K, Lin Y, Yuan X, Chen X, Somta P. Two genes encoding caffeoyl coenzyme A O-methyltransferase 1 (CCoAOMT1) are candidate genes for physical seed dormancy in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:146. [PMID: 38834825 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The major QTL Sdp1.1+ controlling seed dormancy in cowpea was finely mapped, and two CCoAOMT1 genes were identified as candidate genes for the dormancy. Seed dormancy in wild cowpea may be useful in breeding cultivated cowpea with pre-harvest sprouting resistance. A previous study identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for seed dormancy, Sdp1.1+ , using the population of the cross between cultivated cowpea 'JP81610' and wild cowpea 'JP89083.' However, the molecular basis of seed dormancy in cowpea is not yet known. In this study, we aimed to finely map the locus Sdp1.1+ and identify candidate gene(s) for it. Germination tests demonstrated that the seed coat is the major factor controlling seed dormancy in the wild cowpea JP89083. Microscopic observations revealed that wild cowpea seeds, unlike cultivated cowpea seeds, possessed a palisade cuticle layer. Fine mapping using a large F2 population of the cross JP81610 × JP89083 grown in Thailand revealed a single QTL, Sdp1.1+ , controlling seed dormancy. The Sdp1.1+ was confirmed using a small F2 population of the same cross grown in Japan. The Sdp1.1+ was mapped to a 37.34-Kb region containing three genes. Two closely linked genes, Vigun03g278900 (VuCCoAOMT1a) and Vigun03g290000 (VuCCoAOMT1b), located 4.844 Kb apart were considered as candidate genes for seed dormancy. The two genes encoded caffeoyl coenzyme A O-methyltransferase 1 (CCoAOMT1). DNA sequencing and alignment of VuCCoAOMT1a and VuCCoAOMT1b between JP89083 and JP81610 revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) causing an amino acid change in VuCCoAOMT1a and several SNPs leading to six amino acid changes in VuCCoAOMT1b. Altogether, these results indicate that VuCCoAOMT1a and VuCCoAOMT1b are candidate genes controlling physical seed dormancy in the wild cowpea JP89083.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kularb Laosatit
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kitiya Amkul
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Yun Lin
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Prakit Somta
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
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Wang F, Qi H, Li H, Ma X, Gao X, Li C, Lu F, Mao S, Qin HM. State-of-the-art strategies and research advances for the biosynthesis of D-amino acids. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:495-513. [PMID: 37160372 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2193861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
D-amino acids (D-AAs) are the enantiomeric counterparts of L-amino acids (L-AAs) and important functional factors with a wide variety of physiological activities and applications in the food manufacture industry. Some D-AAs, such as D-Ala, D-Leu, and D-Phe, have been favored by consumers as sweeteners and fragrances because of their unique flavor. The biosynthesis of D-AAs has attracted much attention in recent years due to their unique advantages. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the structure-function relationships, biosynthesis pathways, multi-enzyme cascade and whole-cell catalysis for the production of D-AAs. The state-of-the-art strategies, including immobilization, protein engineering, and high-throughput screening, are summarized. Future challenges and perspectives of strategies-driven by bioinformatics technologies and smart computing technologies, as well as enzyme immobilization, are also discussed. These new approaches will promote the commercial production and application of D-AAs in the food industry by optimizing the key enzymes for industrial biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Hongbin Qi
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Li
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xuanzhen Ma
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Fuping Lu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Shuhong Mao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min Qin
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
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3
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Beganovic S, Wittmann C. Medical properties, market potential, and microbial production of golden polyketide curcumin for food, biomedical, and cosmetic applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 87:103112. [PMID: 38518404 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin, a potent plant polyketide in turmeric, has gained recognition for its outstanding health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Classical turmeric farming, which is widely used to produce curcumin, is linked to deforestation, soil degradation, excessive water use, and reduced biodiversity. In recent years, the microbial synthesis of curcumin has been achieved and optimized through novel strategies, offering increased safety, improved sustainability, and the potential to revolutionize production. Here, we discuss recent breakthroughs in microbial engineering and fermentation techniques, as well as their capacity to increase the yield, purity, and cost-effectiveness of curcumin production. The utilization of microbial systems not only addresses supply chain limitations but also helps meet the growing demand for curcumin in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Beganovic
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Germany
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Liu H, He Q, Hu Y, Lu R, Wu S, Feng C, Yuan K, Wang Z. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profile Analysis of the Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Gene Family in Hevea brasiliensis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5052. [PMID: 38732270 PMCID: PMC11084274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of the world's natural rubber comes from the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). As a key enzyme for synthesizing phenylpropanoid compounds, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) has a critical role in plant satisfactory growth and environmental adaptation. To clarify the characteristics of rubber tree PAL family genes, a genome-wide characterization of rubber tree PALs was conducted in this study. Eight PAL genes (HbPAL1-HbPAL8), which spread over chromosomes 3, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, and 18, were found to be present in the genome of H. brasiliensis. Phylogenetic analysis classified HbPALs into groups I and II, and the group I HbPALs (HbPAL1-HbPAL6) displayed similar conserved motif compositions and gene architectures. Tissue expression patterns of HbPALs quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) proved that distinct HbPALs exhibited varying tissue expression patterns. The HbPAL promoters contained a plethora of cis-acting elements that responded to hormones and stress, and the qPCR analysis demonstrated that abiotic stressors like cold, drought, salt, and H2O2-induced oxidative stress, as well as hormones like salicylic acid, abscisic acid, ethylene, and methyl jasmonate, controlled the expression of HbPALs. The majority of HbPALs were also regulated by powdery mildew, anthracnose, and Corynespora leaf fall disease infection. In addition, HbPAL1, HbPAL4, and HbPAL7 were significantly up-regulated in the bark of tapping panel dryness rubber trees relative to that of healthy trees. Our results provide a thorough comprehension of the characteristics of HbPAL genes and set the groundwork for further investigation of the biological functions of HbPALs in rubber trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (Z.W.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhenhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation & Physiology of Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (Q.H.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (S.W.); (C.F.); (K.Y.)
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5
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Li B, Jia Y, Xu L, Zhang S, Long Z, Wang R, Guo Y, Zhang W, Jiao C, Li C, Xu Y. Transcriptional convergence after repeated duplication of an amino acid transporter gene leads to the independent emergence of the black husk/pericarp trait in barley and rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1282-1298. [PMID: 38124464 PMCID: PMC11022822 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The repeated emergence of the same trait (convergent evolution) in distinct species is an interesting phenomenon and manifests visibly the power of natural selection. The underlying genetic mechanisms have important implications to understand how the genome evolves under environmental challenges. In cereal crops, both rice and barley can develop black-coloured husk/pericarp due to melanin accumulation. However, it is unclear if this trait shares a common origin. Here, we fine-mapped the barley HvBlp gene controlling the black husk/pericarp trait and confirmed its function by gene silencing. The result was further supported by a yellow husk/pericarp mutant with deletion of the HvBlp gene, derived from gamma ray radiation of the wild-type W1. HvBlp encodes a putative tyrosine transporter homologous to the black husk gene OsBh4 in rice. Surprisingly, synteny and phylogenetic analyses showed that HvBlp and OsBh4 belonged to different lineages resulted from dispersed and tandem duplications, respectively, suggesting that the black husk/pericarp trait has emerged independently. The dispersed duplication (dated at 21.23 MYA) yielding HvBlp occurred exclusively in the common ancestor of Triticeae. HvBlp and OsBh4 displayed converged transcription in husk/pericarp tissues, contributing to the black husk/pericarp trait. Further transcriptome and metabolome data identified critical candidate genes and metabolites related to melanin production in barley. Taken together, our study described a compelling case of convergent evolution resulted from transcriptional convergence after repeated gene duplication, providing valuable genetic insights into phenotypic evolution. The identification of the black husk/pericarp genes in barley also has great potential in breeding for stress-resilient varieties with higher nutritional values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Molecular Breeding, Food Crops InstituteHubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Yong Jia
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Future Food Institute, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Le Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for the industrialization of Major Grain Crops, College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Molecular Breeding, Food Crops InstituteHubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Zhoukai Long
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for the industrialization of Major Grain Crops, College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Rong Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for the industrialization of Major Grain Crops, College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Ying Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Molecular Breeding, Food Crops InstituteHubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for the industrialization of Major Grain Crops, College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Chunhai Jiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Molecular Breeding, Food Crops InstituteHubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Future Food Institute, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentSouth PerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Yanhao Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Molecular Breeding, Food Crops InstituteHubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
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6
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Venkataraman S, Athilakshmi JK, Rajendran DS, Bharathi P, Kumar VV. A comprehensive review of eclectic approaches to the biological synthesis of vanillin and their application towards the food sector. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1019-1036. [PMID: 38440686 PMCID: PMC10908958 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Vanillin, a highly regarded flavor compound, has earned widespread recognition for its natural and aromatic qualities, piquing substantial interest in the scientific community. This comprehensive review delves deeply into the intricate world of vanillin synthesis, encompassing a wide spectrum of methodologies, including enzymatic, microbial, and immobilized systems. This investigation provides a thorough analysis of the precursors of vanillin and also offers a comprehensive overview of its transformation through these diverse processes, making it an invaluable resource for researchers and enthusiasts alike. The elucidation of different substrates such as ferulic acid, eugenol, veratraldehyde, vanillic acid, glucovanillin, and C6-C3 phenylpropanoids adds a layer of depth and insight to the understanding of vanillin synthesis. Moreover, this comprehensive review explores the multifaceted applications of vanillin within the food industry. While commonly known as a flavoring agent, vanillin transcends this role by finding extensive use in food preservation and food packaging. The review meticulously examines the remarkable preservative properties of vanillin, providing a profound understanding of its crucial role in the culinary and food science sectors, thus making it an indispensable reference for professionals and researchers in these domains. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Swethaa Venkataraman
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
| | - Jothyswarupha Krishnakumar Athilakshmi
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
| | - Devi Sri Rajendran
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
| | - Priyadharshini Bharathi
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
| | - Vaidyanathan Vinoth Kumar
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
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7
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An L, Yuan Y, Chen H, Li M, Ma J, Zhou J, Zheng L, Ma H, Chen Z, Hao C, Wu X. Comprehensive widely targeted metabolomics to decipher the molecular mechanisms of Dioscorea opposita thunb. cv. Tiegun quality formation during harvest. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101159. [PMID: 38328697 PMCID: PMC10847880 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Dioscorea opposita Thumb. cv. Tiegun is commonly consumed as both food and traditional Chinese medicine, which has a history of more than two thousand years. Harvest time directly affects its quality, but few studies have focused on metabolic changes during the harvesting process. Here, a comprehensive metabolomics approach was performed to determine the metabolic profiles during six harvest stages. Thirty eight metabolites with significant differences were determined as crucial participants. Related metabolic pathways including phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism were the most active pathways during harvest. The results revealed that temperature has a significant impact on quality formation, which suggested that Dioscorea opposita thumb. cv. Tiegun harvested after frost had higher potential value of traditional Chinese medicine. This finding not only offered valuable guidance for yam production, but also provided essential information for assessing its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongliang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - He Chen
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Meng Li
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lufei Zheng
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products of CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zenglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chenyu Hao
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xujin Wu
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Brack Y, Sun C, Yi D, Bornscheuer UT. Systematic Analysis of the MIO-forming Residues of Aromatic Ammonia Lyases. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400016. [PMID: 38323706 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Aromatic ammonia lyases (AALs) and tyrosine/phenylalanine ammonia mutases (TAM/PAM) are 3,5-dihydro-5-methylidene-4H-imidazol-4-one (MIO)-dependent enzymes. Usually, the MIO moiety is autocatalytically formed from the tripeptide Ala-Ser-Gly (ASG) and acts as an electrophile during the enzymatic reaction. However, the MIO-forming residues (ASG) have some diversity in this enzyme class. In this work, a systematic investigation on the variety of MIO-forming residues was carried out using in-depth sequence analyses. Several protein clusters of AAL-like enzymes with unusual MIO-forming residues such as ACG, TSG, SSG, and CSG were identified, including two novel histidine ammonia lyases and one PAM with CSG and TSG residues, respectively, as well as three novel ergothioneine trimethylammonia lyases without MIO motif. The mutagenesis of common MIO-groups confirmed the function of these MIO variants, which provides good starting points for future functional prediction and mutagenesis research of AALs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannik Brack
- Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Chenghai Sun
- Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dong Yi
- Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
- National Key Laboratory of Lead Druggability Research, Research Center for Systems Biosynthesis, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Gebaini Road 285, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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Wu M, Zhang Y, Guo P, Liu H, Xia L, Wang M, Zeng C, Wang H, Shang F. Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing and Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses Provide Comprehensive Insight into Molecular Mechanisms of Flavonoid Metabolites Biosynthesis in Styphnolobium japonicum. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:329. [PMID: 38540388 PMCID: PMC10970609 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Styphnolobium japonicum L. is a commonly consumed plant in China, known for its medicinal and nutritional benefits. This study focuses on the medicinal properties influenced by flavonoid metabolites, which vary during flower development. Utilizing full-length transcriptome sequencing on S. japonicum flowers, we observed changes in gene expression levels as the flowers progressed through growth stages. During stages S1 and S2, key genes related to flavonoid synthesis (PAL, 4CL, CHS, F3H, etc.) exhibited heightened expression. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified regulatory genes (MYB, bHLH, WRKY) potentially involved in the regulatory network with flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes. Our findings propose a regulatory mechanism for flavonoid synthesis in S. japonicum flowers, elucidating the genetic underpinnings of this process. The identified candidate genes present opportunities for genetic enhancements in S. japonicum, offering insights into potential applications for improving its medicinal attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467044, China; (M.W.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Osmanthus Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (H.W.)
| | - Peng Guo
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Osmanthus Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (H.W.)
| | - Huiyuan Liu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467044, China; (M.W.)
| | - Linkui Xia
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467044, China; (M.W.)
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467044, China; (M.W.)
| | - Chuqi Zeng
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467044, China; (M.W.)
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Osmanthus Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (H.W.)
| | - Fude Shang
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Osmanthus Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (H.W.)
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Peracchi LM, Panahabadi R, Barros-Rios J, Bartley LE, Sanguinet KA. Grass lignin: biosynthesis, biological roles, and industrial applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1343097. [PMID: 38463570 PMCID: PMC10921064 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1343097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Lignin is a phenolic heteropolymer found in most terrestrial plants that contributes an essential role in plant growth, abiotic stress tolerance, and biotic stress resistance. Recent research in grass lignin biosynthesis has found differences compared to dicots such as Arabidopsis thaliana. For example, the prolific incorporation of hydroxycinnamic acids into grass secondary cell walls improve the structural integrity of vascular and structural elements via covalent crosslinking. Conversely, fundamental monolignol chemistry conserves the mechanisms of monolignol translocation and polymerization across the plant phylum. Emerging evidence suggests grass lignin compositions contribute to abiotic stress tolerance, and periods of biotic stress often alter cereal lignin compositions to hinder pathogenesis. This same recalcitrance also inhibits industrial valorization of plant biomass, making lignin alterations and reductions a prolific field of research. This review presents an update of grass lignin biosynthesis, translocation, and polymerization, highlights how lignified grass cell walls contribute to plant development and stress responses, and briefly addresses genetic engineering strategies that may benefit industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi M. Peracchi
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Rahele Panahabadi
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Jaime Barros-Rios
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Laura E. Bartley
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Karen A. Sanguinet
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Ma X, Vanneste S, Chang J, Ambrosino L, Barry K, Bayer T, Bobrov AA, Boston L, Campbell JE, Chen H, Chiusano ML, Dattolo E, Grimwood J, He G, Jenkins J, Khachaturyan M, Marín-Guirao L, Mesterházy A, Muhd DD, Pazzaglia J, Plott C, Rajasekar S, Rombauts S, Ruocco M, Scott A, Tan MP, Van de Velde J, Vanholme B, Webber J, Wong LL, Yan M, Sung YY, Novikova P, Schmutz J, Reusch TBH, Procaccini G, Olsen JL, Van de Peer Y. Seagrass genomes reveal ancient polyploidy and adaptations to the marine environment. NATURE PLANTS 2024; 10:240-255. [PMID: 38278954 PMCID: PMC7615686 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
We present chromosome-level genome assemblies from representative species of three independently evolved seagrass lineages: Posidonia oceanica, Cymodocea nodosa, Thalassia testudinum and Zostera marina. We also include a draft genome of Potamogeton acutifolius, belonging to a freshwater sister lineage to Zosteraceae. All seagrass species share an ancient whole-genome triplication, while additional whole-genome duplications were uncovered for C. nodosa, Z. marina and P. acutifolius. Comparative analysis of selected gene families suggests that the transition from submerged-freshwater to submerged-marine environments mainly involved fine-tuning of multiple processes (such as osmoregulation, salinity, light capture, carbon acquisition and temperature) that all had to happen in parallel, probably explaining why adaptation to a marine lifestyle has been exceedingly rare. Major gene losses related to stomata, volatiles, defence and lignification are probably a consequence of the return to the sea rather than the cause of it. These new genomes will accelerate functional studies and solutions, as continuing losses of the 'savannahs of the sea' are of major concern in times of climate change and loss of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jiyang Chang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luca Ambrosino
- Department of Research Infrastructure for Marine Biological Resources, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Kerrie Barry
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Till Bayer
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - LoriBeth Boston
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Justin E Campbell
- Coastlines and Oceans Division, Institute of Environment, Florida International University-Biscayne Bay Campus, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hengchi Chen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria Luisa Chiusano
- Department of Research Infrastructure for Marine Biological Resources, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Dattolo
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Centre, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jane Grimwood
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Guifen He
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jerry Jenkins
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Marina Khachaturyan
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of General Microbiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lázaro Marín-Guirao
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- Seagrass Ecology Group, Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Attila Mesterházy
- Centre for Ecological Research, Wetland Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Danish-Daniel Muhd
- Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jessica Pazzaglia
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Centre, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chris Plott
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | | | - Stephane Rombauts
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miriam Ruocco
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, Fano, Italy
| | - Alison Scott
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Min Pau Tan
- Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jozefien Van de Velde
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Bartel Vanholme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jenell Webber
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Li Lian Wong
- Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mi Yan
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yeong Yik Sung
- Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Polina Novikova
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Jeremy Schmutz
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Thorsten B H Reusch
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Gabriele Procaccini
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.
- National Biodiversity Future Centre, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Jeanine L Olsen
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Yves Van de Peer
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
- College of Horticulture, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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12
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Ding F, Zhang Y, Lin J, Zhong S, Li P, Li Y, Chen C, Jin S. Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed quality difference between beauty tea processed through indoor withering and outdoor solar withering. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1039-1050. [PMID: 37743412 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Withering is the first processing procedure of beauty tea, and there are few reports on the impact of withering methods on the quality of beauty tea and its regulatory mechanisms. RESULTS Through comparison of fresh tea leaves (FT) with the leaves after indoor natural withering for 18 h (IWT-18) and outdoor solar withering for 6 h (OWT-6), which were collected at the end of the two withering processes, 17 282 and 13 984 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were respectively screened and 267 and 154 differential metabolites (DMs) were respectively identified. The coexpression network revealed that a large number of DEGs and DMs were enriched in phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette (ABC) transporter pathways, and the number of DMs and DEGs in IWT-18 versus FT exceeded that in OWT-6 versus FT. Both withering methods promoted a significant increase in content of phenylalanine and upregulation of β-glucoside expression in the phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway. Five theaflavin-type proanthocyanidins in the flavonoid synthesis pathway were more significantly accumulated in FT versus IWT-18 than in FT versus OWT-6. Meanwhile, both withering methods can affect the ABC transporter pathway to promote the accumulation of amino acids and their derivatives, but different withering methods affect different ABC transporter families. Outdoor withering with more severe abiotic stress has a greater impact on the ABCG family, whereas indoor withering has a more significant effect on the ABCC family. Sensory evaluation results showed that the dry tea of IWT-18 was slightly better than that of OWT-6 because of the longer withering time and more thorough substance transformation. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the formation of honey flavor in beauty tea may be closely related to the DEGs and DMs in these three pathways. Our research provides theoretical data support for further revealing the mechanism of quality formation during the withering process of beauty tea. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Ding
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian University Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunzhi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian University Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian University Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sitong Zhong
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian University Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengchun Li
- Fujian Jiangshan Meiren Tea Co., Ltd, Sanming, China
| | - Yuanchao Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian University Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Chen
- Fujian Fengyuan Tea Industry Co., Ltd, Sanming, China
| | - Shan Jin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Fujian University Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Fuzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Song M, Zhu Y, Li H, Zhang Y, Wang G, Chen X, Zhang W, Wang H, Wang Y, Shao R, Guo J, Yang Q. Impact of microplastic particle size on physiological and biochemical properties and rhizosphere metabolism of Zea mays L.: Comparison in different soil types. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168219. [PMID: 37924875 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of microplastics (MPs) on plant growth has received increasing attention. However, whether soil texture and MPs size influence the toxicological effects of MPs on plants is unknown. To address this knowledge gap, two soils with different physical structures (lime concretion black and silty loam soils) were selected to explore the potential toxicity of MPs of different particle sizes to maize growth. The results showed that, in both soils, the harm caused by small MPs on maize growth was greater than that caused by large MPs. Low MPs concentrations had no significant effect on maize growth between two soil types; however, when exposed to a concentration of 1 % large MPs, the dry biomass of maize was promoted in lime concretion black soil but inhibited in silty loam soil. All MPs-exposed treatments resulted in a high level of superoxide anions in maize roots, resulting in an increase in the root aerenchyma area and reducing the metabolic activity of maize roots. Metabolomics showed that MPs exposure affected multiple amino acid metabolic pathways, including phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism, and inhibited lignin biosynthesis in roots. This study provides a theoretical basis for a more comprehensive assessment of the effect of MPs pollution on agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Miaomiao Song
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Huan Li
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yinglei Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment and Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Wushuai Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment and Academy of Agricultural Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; College of Agronomy, State Key laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; College of Agronomy, State Key laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruixin Shao
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; College of Agronomy, State Key laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jiameng Guo
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; College of Agronomy, State Key laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China..
| | - Qinghua Yang
- College of Agronomy, Collaborative Innovation of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; College of Agronomy, State Key laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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14
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Liu J, Li L, Xiong Z, Robert CAM, Li B, He S, Chen W, Bi J, Zhai G, Guo S, Zhang H, Li J, Zhou S, Zhang X, Song CP. Trade-offs between the accumulation of cuticular wax and jasmonic acid-mediated herbivory resistance in maize. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:143-159. [PMID: 37975264 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved complex physical and chemical defense systems that allow them to withstand herbivory infestation. Composed of a complex mixture of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and their derivatives, cuticular wax constitutes the first physical line of defense against herbivores. Here, we report the function of Glossy 8 (ZmGL8), which encodes a 3-ketoacyl reductase belonging to the fatty acid elongase complex, in orchestrating wax production and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defenses against herbivores in maize (Zea mays). The mutation of GL8 enhanced chemical defenses by activating the JA-dependent pathway. We observed a trade-off between wax accumulation and JA levels across maize glossy mutants and 24 globally collected maize inbred lines. In addition, we demonstrated that mutants defective in cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and maize exhibit enhanced chemical defenses. Comprehensive transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses indicated that the gl8 mutant confers chemical resistance to herbivores by remodeling VLCFA-related lipid metabolism and subsequent JA biosynthesis and signaling. These results suggest that VLCFA-related lipid metabolism has a critical role in regulating the trade-offs between cuticular wax and JA-mediated chemical defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhilong Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | | | - Baozhu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Shan He
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jiasheng Bi
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Guanqing Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jieping Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shutang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, 572025, China
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Albogami A, Naguib DM. Agricultural wastes: a new promising source for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase as anticancer agent. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:22. [PMID: 38156037 PMCID: PMC10751285 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03871-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) extracted from agricultural waste and its potential use as an anticancer agent in comparison to microbial PAL. We extracted and partially purified PAL from agricultural waste sources. We assessed the temperature and pH range of PAL and determined enzyme kinetics parameters including Michaelis constants (Km), maximum velocity (Vmax), and specificity constant values (Vmax/Km). Additionally, we examined the effects of different storage temperatures on PAL activity. In our analysis, we compared the efficacy of agricultural waste-derived PAL with PAL from Rhodotorula glutinis. The results demonstrated that PAL extracted from agricultural waste exhibited significantly higher specific activity (Vmax/Km) compared to its microbial counterpart. The agricultural waste-derived PAL displayed a stronger affinity for phenylalanine, as indicated by a lower Km value than the microbial PAL did. Furthermore, PAL from agricultural waste maintained activity across a broader temperature and pH range (15-75 °C, pH 5-11), in contrast to microbial PAL (20-60 °C, pH 5.5-10). Importantly, the PAL derived from agricultural waste exhibited superior stability, retaining over 90% of its activity after 6 months of storage at room temperature (25 °C), whereas microbial PAL lost more than 70% of its activity under similar storage conditions. In anticancer experiments against various cancer cell lines, agricultural waste-derived PAL demonstrated greater anticancer activity compared to microbial PAL. These findings suggest that PAL sourced from agricultural waste has the potential to be a safe and effective natural anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Albogami
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University (BU), Alaqiq, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deyala M. Naguib
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts in Al-Mikhwah, Al-Baha University (BU), Al-Mikhwah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Khawula S, Gokul A, Niekerk LA, Basson G, Keyster M, Badiwe M, Klein A, Nkomo M. Insights into the Effects of Hydroxycinnamic Acid and Its Secondary Metabolites as Antioxidants for Oxidative Stress and Plant Growth under Environmental Stresses. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 46:81-95. [PMID: 38275667 PMCID: PMC10814621 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant immobility renders plants constantly susceptible to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Abiotic and biotic stresses are known to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause comparable cellular secondary reactions (osmotic or oxidative stress), leading to agricultural productivity constraints worldwide. To mitigate the challenges caused by these stresses, plants have evolved a variety of adaptive strategies. Phenolic acids form a key component of these strategies, as they are predominantly known to be secreted by plants in response to abiotic or biotic stresses. Phenolic acids can be divided into different subclasses based on their chemical structures, such as hydroxybenzoic acids and hydroxycinnamic acids. This review analyzes hydroxycinnamic acids and their derivatives as they increase under stressful conditions, so to withstand environmental stresses they regulate physiological processes through acting as signaling molecules that regulate gene expression and biochemical pathways. The mechanism of action used by hydroxycinnamic acid involves minimization of oxidative damage to maintain cellular homeostasis and protect vital cellular components from harm. The purpose of this review is to highlight the potential of hydroxycinnamic acid metabolites/derivatives as potential antioxidants. We review the uses of different secondary metabolites associated with hydroxycinnamic acid and their contributions to plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindiswa Khawula
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, University of Zululand, Main Road, Kwa-Dlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
| | - Arun Gokul
- Department of Plant Sciences, Qwaqwa Campus, University of Free State, Phuthadithaba 9866, South Africa;
| | - Lee-Ann Niekerk
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (G.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Gerhard Basson
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (G.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (G.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Mihlali Badiwe
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7435, South Africa;
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Mbukeni Nkomo
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, University of Zululand, Main Road, Kwa-Dlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
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17
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Sen K, Khan MI, Paul R, Ghoshal U, Asakawa Y. Recent Advances in the Phytochemistry of Bryophytes: Distribution, Structures and Biological Activity of Bibenzyl and Bisbibenzyl Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4173. [PMID: 38140499 PMCID: PMC10747515 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Research on bryophyte phytochemistry has revealed the presence of different phytochemicals like fatty acids, terpenoids, small phenolic molecules, etc. Small phenolic molecules, i.e., bibenzyls (of two aromatic rings) and bisbibenzyls (four aromatic rings), are unique signature molecules of liverworts. The first bisbibenzyls marchantin A and riccardin A were discovered in two consecutive years, i.e., 1982 and 1983, respectively, by Asakawa and coworkers. Since then, about 70 bisbibenzyls have been reported. These molecules are characterized and identified using different spectroscopic techniques and surveyed for different bioactivity and structure-activity relations. Biochemistry is determined by the season, geography, and environment. In this review, quantitative and qualitative information on bibenzyls and bisbibenzyl compounds and their distribution in different liverworts across, geographies along withtraditional to advanced extraction methods, and characterization techniques are summarized. Also, a comprehensive account of characteristic spectra of different bisbibenzyl compounds, their subtypes, and their basic skeleton patterns are compared. A comprehensive table is provided here for the first time presenting the quantity of bibenzyls, bisbenzyls, and their derivatives found in bryophytes, mentioning the spectroscopic data and mass profiles of the compounds. The significance of these compounds in different bioactivities like antibiotic, antioxidative, antitumor, antivenomous, anti-influenza, insect antifeedant, cytotoxic, and anticancerous activities are surveyed and critically enumerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakali Sen
- Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741245, India (U.G.)
| | | | - Raja Paul
- Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741245, India (U.G.)
| | - Utsha Ghoshal
- Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741245, India (U.G.)
| | - Yoshinori Asakawa
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan;
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18
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Yao L, Wu X, Jiang X, Shan M, Zhang Z, Li Y, Yang A, Li Y, Yang C. Subcellular compartmentalization in the biosynthesis and engineering of plant natural products. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108258. [PMID: 37722606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant natural products (PNPs) are specialized metabolites with diverse bioactivities. They are extensively used in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and food industries. PNPs are synthesized in plant cells by enzymes that are distributed in different subcellular compartments with unique microenvironments, such as ions, co-factors and substrates. Plant metabolic engineering is an emerging and promising approach for the sustainable production of PNPs, for which the knowledge of the subcellular compartmentalization of their biosynthesis is instrumental. In this review we describe the state of the art on the role of subcellular compartments in the biosynthesis of major types of PNPs, including terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids and glucosinolates, and highlight the efforts to target biosynthetic pathways to subcellular compartments in plants. In addition, we will discuss the challenges and strategies in the field of plant synthetic biology and subcellular engineering. We expect that newly developed methods and tools, together with the knowledge gained from the microbial chassis, will greatly advance plant metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yao
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Xiuming Wu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Xun Jiang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Muhammad Shan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Zhuoxiang Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Yu Li
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Changqing Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China.
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Brack Y, Sun C, Yi D, Bornscheuer UT. Exploring the Substrate Switch Motif of Aromatic Ammonia Lyases. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300584. [PMID: 37747300 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic ammonia lyases (AALs) are important enzymes for biocatalysis as they enable the asymmetric synthesis of chiral l-α-amino acids from the corresponding α,β-unsaturated precursors. AALs have very similar protein structures and active site pockets but exhibit strict substrate specificity towards tyrosine, phenylalanine, or histidine. Herein, through systematic bioinformatics and structural analysis, we discovered eight new motifs of amino acid residues in AALs. After introducing them - as well as four already known motifs - into different AALs, we learned that altering the substrate specificity by engineering the substrate switch motif in phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PALs), phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia lyases (PTALs), and tyrosine ammonia lyases (TALs) was only partially successful. However, we discovered that three previously unknown residue combinations introduced a substrate switch from tyrosine to phenylalanine in TAL, which was converted up to 20-fold better compared to the wild-type TAL enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannik Brack
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Chenghai Sun
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dong Yi
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Gebaini Road 285, 201203, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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20
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Ping J, Wang L, Qin Z, Zhou Z, Zhou J. Synergetic engineering of Escherichia coli for efficient production of l-tyrosine. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2023; 8:724-731. [PMID: 38033756 PMCID: PMC10686809 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
l-Tyrosine, an aromatic non-essential amino acid, is the raw material for many important chemical products, including levodopa, resveratrol, and hydroxytyrosol. It is widely used in the food, drug, and chemical industries. There are many studies on the synthesis of l-tyrosine by microorganisms, however, the low titer of l-tyrosine limited the industrial large-scale production. In order to enhance l-tyrosine production in Escherichia coli, the expression of key enzymes in the shikimate pathway was up- or down-regulated. The l-tyrosine transport system and the acetic acid biosynthesis pathway were modified to further enhance l-tyrosine production. In addition, the phosphoketolase pathway was introduced in combination with cofactor engineering to redirect carbon flux to the shikimate pathway. Finally, after adaptive laboratory evolution to low pH an optimal strain was obtained. The strain can produce 92.5 g/L of l-tyrosine in a 5-L fermenter in 62 h, with a yield of 0.266 g/g glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurong Ping
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Zhijie Qin
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Zhemin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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21
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Kang Y, Li Y, Zhang T, Wang P, Liu W, Zhang Z, Yu W, Wang J, Wang J, Zhou Y. Integrated metabolome, full-length sequencing, and transcriptome analyses unveil the molecular mechanisms of color formation of the canary yellow and red bracts of Bougainvillea × buttiana 'Chitra'. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1441-1461. [PMID: 37648415 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Bougainvillea is a typical tropical flower of great ornamental value due to its colorful bracts. The molecular mechanism behind color formation is not well-understood. Therefore, this research conducted metabolome analysis, transcriptome analysis, and multi-flux full-length sequencing in two color bracts of Bougainvillea × buttiana 'Chitra' to investigate the significantly different metabolites (SDMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Overall, 261 SDMs, including 62 flavonoids and 26 alkaloids, were detected, and flavonols and betalains were significantly differentially accumulated among the two bracts. Furthermore, the complete-length transcriptome of Bougainvillea × buttiana was also developed, which contained 512 493 non-redundant isoforms. Among them, 341 210 (66.58%) displayed multiple annotations in the KOG, GO, NR, KEGG, Pfam, Swissprot, and NT databases. RNA-seq findings revealed that 3610 DEGs were identified between two bracts. Co-expression analysis demonstrated that the DEGs and SDMs involved in flavonol metabolism (such as CHS, CHI, F3H, FLS, CYP75B1, kaempferol, and quercetin) and betacyanin metabolism (DODA, betanidin, and betacyanins) were the main contributors for the canary yellow and red bract formation, respectively. Further investigation revealed that several putative transcription factors (TFs) might interact with the promoters of the genes mentioned above. The expression profiles of the putative TFs displayed that they may positively and negatively regulate the structural genes' expression profiles. The data revealed a potential regulatory network between important genes, putative TFs, and metabolites in the flavonol and betacyanin biosynthesis of Bougainvillea × buttiana 'Chitra' bracts. These findings will serve as a rich genetic resource for future studies that could create new color bracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Kang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
- Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiangyang, 441057, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wengang Yu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, People's Republic of China
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22
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El-Azaz J, Moore B, Takeda-Kimura Y, Yokoyama R, Wijesingha Ahchige M, Chen X, Schneider M, Maeda HA. Coordinated regulation of the entry and exit steps of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis supports the dual lignin pathway in grasses. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7242. [PMID: 37945591 PMCID: PMC10636026 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular plants direct large amounts of carbon to produce the aromatic amino acid phenylalanine to support the production of lignin and other phenylpropanoids. Uniquely, grasses, which include many major crops, can synthesize lignin and phenylpropanoids from both phenylalanine and tyrosine. However, how grasses regulate aromatic amino acid biosynthesis to feed this dual lignin pathway is unknown. Here we show, by stable-isotope labeling, that grasses produce tyrosine >10-times faster than Arabidopsis without compromising phenylalanine biosynthesis. Detailed in vitro enzyme characterization and combinatorial in planta expression uncovered that coordinated expression of specific enzyme isoforms at the entry and exit steps of the aromatic amino acid pathway enables grasses to maintain high production of both tyrosine and phenylalanine, the precursors of the dual lignin pathway. These findings highlight the complex regulation of plant aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and provide novel genetic tools to engineer the interface of primary and specialized metabolism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge El-Azaz
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bethany Moore
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yuri Takeda-Kimura
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata-shi, Japan
| | - Ryo Yokoyama
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Micha Wijesingha Ahchige
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- International Institute of Tea Industry Innovation for "one Belt, one Road", Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Matthew Schneider
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Cell Culture Company, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hiroshi A Maeda
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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23
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Ma R, Zhang M, Yang X, Guo J, Fan Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals genes related to the synthesis and metabolism of cell wall polysaccharides in goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) from various regions. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7050-7060. [PMID: 37340801 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In goji berries (Lycium barbarum L.), the cell wall properties and ripening environment affect fruit quality and their economic benefits. However, the mechanism underlying the cell wall remains to be fully elucidated. RESULTS The results showed that total sugar content was higher in Qinghai berries (13.87%, P < 0.01), whereas cellulose content peaked in Zhongning berries (28%, P < 0.05). Arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid were the principal components of the cell wall polysaccharides in goji berries. Among them, the content of galactose in Zhongning was significantly the highest (P < 0.05). Interestingly, we found that highly expressed β-glucosidase and lowly expressed endoglucanase led to cellulose accumulation by RNA-sequencing analysis. The expression analysis results suggested that pectate lyase and pectinesterase enzymes could be major factors related to higher galactose and galacturonic acid contents in Zhongning compared to in Qinghai and Gansu. The starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, pentose and glucuronate interconversions pathway, and galactose metabolism pathway played a significant role in cell wall polysaccharide synthesis and metabolism. CONCLUSION In the present study, we aimed to provide some insights into the cell wall on polysaccharide composition, structural features, and gene analysis in goji berries from Zhongning, Qinghai, and Gansu in China. These results might help to clarify the molecular function of the major genes in the cell wall polysaccharides of goji berries and provide a solid foundation for further study. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jia Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yanli Fan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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24
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Segarra-Medina C, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Rambla JL, Pérez-Clemente RM, Gómez-Cádenas A, Zandalinas SI. Abscisic acid promotes plant acclimation to the combination of salinity and high light stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108008. [PMID: 37690143 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants encounter combinations of different abiotic stresses such as salinity (S) and high light (HL). These environmental conditions have a detrimental effect on plant growth and development, posing a threat to agricultural production. Metabolic changes play a crucial role in enabling plants to adapt to fluctuations in their environment. Furthermore, hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) have been previously identified as regulators of plant responses to different abiotic stresses. Here we studied the response of Arabidopsis wild type (Col and Ler) plants and mutants impaired in hormone biosynthesis (aba2-11 and aba1-1 in ABA, aos in JA and sid2 in SA) to the combination of S and HL (S + HL). Our findings showed that aba2-11 plants displayed reduced growth, impaired photosystem II (PSII) function, increased leaf damage, and decreased survival compared to Col when subjected to stress combination. However, aos and sid2 mutants did not display significant changes in response to S + HL compared to Col, indicating a key role for ABA in promoting plant tolerance to S + HL and suggesting a marginal role for JA and SA in this process. In addition, we revealed differences in the metabolic response of plants to S + HL compared to S or HL. The analysis of altered metabolic pathways under S + HL suggested that the accumulation of flavonoids is ABA-dependent, whereas the accumulation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and proline is ABA-independent. Therefore, our study uncovered a key function for ABA in regulating the accumulation of different flavonoids in plants during S + HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Segarra-Medina
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany; Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany; Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - José L Rambla
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Rosa M Pérez-Clemente
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cádenas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain.
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Tan X, Chen J, Zhang J, Guo G, Zhang H, Zhao X, Lv S, Xu H, Hou D. Gene Expression and Interaction Analysis of FsWRKY4 and FsMAPK3 in Forsythia suspensa. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3415. [PMID: 37836156 PMCID: PMC10574466 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Forsythia suspensa is a deciduous shrub that belongs to the family Myrtaceae, and its dried fruits are used as medicine. F. suspensa contains several secondary metabolites, which exert pharmacological effects. One of the main active components is forsythin, which exhibits free radical scavenging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) can increase the activity of WRKY family transcription factors in a phosphorylated manner, thereby increasing the content of secondary metabolites. However, the mechanism of interaction between MAPKs and WRKYs in F. suspensa remains unclear. In this study, we cloned the genes of FsWRKY4 and FsMAPK3, and performed a bioinformatics analysis. The expression patterns of FsWRKY4 and FsMAPK3 were analyzed in the different developmental stages of leaf and fruit from F. suspensa using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Subcellular localization analysis of FsWRKY4 and FsMAPK3 proteins was performed using a laser scanning confocal microscope. The existence of interactions between FsWRKY4 and FsMPAK3 in vitro was verified by yeast two-hybridization. Results showed that the cDNA of FsWRKY4 (GenBank number: OR566682) and FsMAPK3 (GenBank number: OR566683) were 1587 and 522 bp, respectively. The expression of FsWRKY4 was higher in the leaves than in fruits, and the expression of FsMAPK3 was higher in fruits but lower in leaves. The subcellular localization results indicated that FsWRKY4 was localized in the nucleus and FsMAPK3 in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The prey vector pGADT7-FsWRKY4 and bait vector pGBKT7-FsMAPK3 were constructed and co-transferred into Y2H Glod yeast receptor cells. The results indicated that FsWRKY4 and FsMAPK3 proteins interact with each other in vitro. The preliminary study may provide a basis for more precise elucidation of the synthesis of secondary metabolites in F. suspensa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dianyun Hou
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471032, China
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26
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Zagoskina NV, Zubova MY, Nechaeva TL, Kazantseva VV, Goncharuk EA, Katanskaya VM, Baranova EN, Aksenova MA. Polyphenols in Plants: Structure, Biosynthesis, Abiotic Stress Regulation, and Practical Applications (Review). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13874. [PMID: 37762177 PMCID: PMC10531498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds or polyphenols are among the most common compounds of secondary metabolism in plants. Their biosynthesis is characteristic of all plant cells and is carried out with the participation of the shikimate and acetate-malonate pathways. In this case, polyphenols of various structures are formed, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and various oligomeric and polymeric compounds of phenolic nature. Their number already exceeds 10,000. The diversity of phenolics affects their biological activity and functional role. Most of their representatives are characterized by interaction with reactive oxygen species, which manifests itself not only in plants but also in the human body, where they enter through food chains. Having a high biological activity, phenolic compounds are successfully used as medicines and nutritional supplements for the health of the population. The accumulation and biosynthesis of polyphenols in plants depend on many factors, including physiological-biochemical, molecular-genetic, and environmental factors. In the review, we present the latest literature data on the structure of various classes of phenolic compounds, their antioxidant activity, and their biosynthesis, including their molecular genetic aspects (genes and transfactors). Since plants grow with significant environmental changes on the planet, their response to the action of abiotic factors (light, UV radiation, temperature, and heavy metals) at the level of accumulation and composition of these secondary metabolites, as well as their metabolic regulation, is considered. Information is given about plant polyphenols as important and necessary components of functional nutrition and pharmaceutically valuable substances for the health of the population. Proposals on promising areas of research and development in the field of plant polyphenols are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Zagoskina
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Maria Y. Zubova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Tatiana L. Nechaeva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Varvara V. Kazantseva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Evgenia A. Goncharuk
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Vera M. Katanskaya
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Ekaterina N. Baranova
- N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia;
- All Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Aksenova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.Y.Z.); (T.L.N.); k.v.- (V.V.K.); (E.A.G.); (V.M.K.); (M.A.A.)
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Moing A, Berton T, Roch L, Diarrassouba S, Bernillon S, Arrivault S, Deborde C, Maucourt M, Cabasson C, Bénard C, Prigent S, Jacob D, Gibon Y, Lemaire-Chamley M. Multi-omics quantitative data of tomato fruit unveils regulation modes of least variable metabolites. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:365. [PMID: 37479985 PMCID: PMC10362748 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The composition of ripe fruits depends on various metabolites which content evolves greatly throughout fruit development and may be influenced by the environment. The corresponding metabolism regulations have been widely described in tomato during fruit growth and ripening. However, the regulation of other metabolites that do not show large changes in content have scarcely been studied. RESULTS We analysed the metabolites of tomato fruits collected on different trusses during fruit development, using complementary analytical strategies. We identified the 22 least variable metabolites, based on their coefficients of variation. We first verified that they had a limited functional link with the least variable proteins and transcripts. We then posited that metabolite contents could be stabilized through complex regulations and combined their data with the quantitative proteome or transcriptome data, using sparse partial-least-square analyses. This showed shared regulations between several metabolites, which interestingly remained linked to early fruit development. We also examined regulations in specific metabolites using correlations with individual proteins and transcripts, which revealed that a stable metabolite does not always correlate with proteins and transcripts of its known related pathways. CONCLUSIONS The regulation of the least variable metabolites was then interpreted regarding their roles as hubs in metabolic pathways or as signalling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annick Moing
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Thierry Berton
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Léa Roch
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Salimata Diarrassouba
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Present Address: Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, UMR 5546 UPS/CNRS, Auzeville- Tolosane, F-31320 France
| | - Stéphane Bernillon
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Present Address: INRAE, Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments, UR 1264, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Stéphanie Arrivault
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, am Muehlenberg 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Catherine Deborde
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Present Address: INRAE, UR1268 BIA, Centre INRAE Pays de Loire – Nantes, Nantes, F-44000 France
- Present address: INRAE, BIBS Facility, Centre INRAE Pays de Loire – Nantes, Nantes, F-44000 France
| | - Mickaël Maucourt
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Cécile Cabasson
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Camille Bénard
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Daniel Jacob
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Yves Gibon
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
| | - Martine Lemaire-Chamley
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 France
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Vranić M, Perochon A, Doohan FM. Transcriptional Profiling Reveals the Wheat Defences against Fusarium Head Blight Disease Regulated by a NAC Transcription Factor. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2708. [PMID: 37514322 PMCID: PMC10383764 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The wheat NAC transcription factor TaNACL-D1 enhances resistance to the economically devastating Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease. The objective of this study was to decipher the alterations in gene expression, pathways and biological processes that led to enhanced resistance as a result of the constitutive expression of TaNACL-D1 in wheat. Transcriptomic analysis was used to determine the genes and processes enhanced in wheat due to TaNACL-D1 overexpression, both in the presence and absence of the causal agent of FHB, Fusarium graminearum (0- and 1-day post-treatment). The overexpression of TaNACL-D1 resulted in more pronounced transcriptional reprogramming as a response to fungal infection, leading to the enhanced expression of genes involved in detoxification, immune responses, secondary metabolism, hormone biosynthesis, and signalling. The regulation and response to JA and ABA were differentially regulated between the OE and the WT. Furthermore, the results suggest that the OE may more efficiently: (i) regulate the oxidative burst; (ii) modulate cell death; and (iii) induce both the phenylpropanoid pathway and lignin synthesis. Thus, this study provides insights into the mode of action and downstream target pathways for this novel NAC transcription factor, further validating its potential as a gene to enhance FHB resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vranić
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth Institute, College of Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexandre Perochon
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth Institute, College of Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona M Doohan
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth Institute, College of Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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Cheng Y, Gao C, Luo S, Yao Z, Ye Q, Wan H, Zhou G, Liu C. Effects of Storage Temperature at the Early Postharvest Stage on the Firmness, Bioactive Substances, and Amino Acid Compositions of Chili Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). Metabolites 2023; 13:820. [PMID: 37512527 PMCID: PMC10385654 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The commercial and nutritional quality of chili peppers deteriorates rapidly after harvest. So far, little is known about the effect of temperature on postharvest chili pepper quality. This study elucidated the effects of two temperatures (20 °C and 30 °C) on chili peppers' postharvest firmness, flavor, and nutritional attributes. We found that compared to 20 °C, 30 °C escalated the decline in fruit firmness, capsaicin content, and dihydrocapsaicin content, while enhancing the increment in water loss and electrical conductivity, as well as total carotenoids and ascorbic acid content. The contents of most amino acids (AAs) decreased significantly during postharvest storage compared to their initial values, whether stored at 20 °C or 30 °C; however, 30 °C had a more substantial impact than 20 °C. Meanwhile, as for soluble protein and amino acid compositions, the effect of storage temperature was genotype-dependent, as reflected by differential changes in total AA contents, single AA contents, essential AA ratio, delicious AA ratio, etc., under the 20 °C or 30 °C treatments. In conclusion, our findings reveal the influence of temperature on pepper quality, showing that the storage temperature of 20 °C was better for maintaining chili quality than 30 °C from the perspective of overall commercial attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chengan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Shaodan Luo
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Zhuping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qingjing Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hongjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Guozhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chaochao Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
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Zhao T, Huang C, Li S, Jia M, Wang L, Tang Y, Zhang C, Li Y. VviKFB07 F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase promotes stilbene accumulation by ubiquitinating and degrading VviCHSs protein in grape. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 331:111687. [PMID: 36958599 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Stilbene and flavonoid are phytochemicals in plants and play an important role in plant disease resistance and human health. The regulation of stilbene and flavonoid synthesis in plants has been extensively studied at the transcriptional level, but translational and post-translational controls of stilbene and flavonoid biosynthesis are still poorly understood. In this study, a grape F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase VviKFB07 associated with the metabolism of stilbene and flavonoid was screened out with transcriptome. Overexpression of VviKFB07 in the Nicotiana tabacum resulted in a decrease in flavonol and anthocyanin content in corolla, and stable overexpression assays of VviKFB07 in grape callus promoted the accumulation of resveratrol. Subsequently, Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays identified the physical interaction between VviKFB07 and VviCHSs proteins. In vivo experiments verified that VviKFB07 was involved in the ubiquitination and degradation of VviCHSs protein. Taken together, our findings clarify the role of ubiquitin ligase VviKFB07 in the synthesis of stilbene and flavonoid in grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Congbo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengqiong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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31
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Wada Y, Totsune E, Mikami-Saito Y, Kikuchi A, Miyata T, Kure S. A method for phenylalanine self-monitoring using phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and a pre-existing portable ammonia detection system. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 35:100970. [PMID: 37020603 PMCID: PMC10068251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.100970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenylketonuria is an inborn error of phenylalanine metabolism caused by a phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency. To prevent the occurrence of neurological symptoms and maternal complications resulting from phenylketonuria, patients must adhere to a strict diet therapy, tetrahydrobiopterin supplementation, or pegvaliase injection to maintain blood phenylalanine levels within a recommended range throughout their lives. Therefore, monitoring blood phenylalanine levels is necessary to determine the recent metabolic status of phenylalanine in patients with PKU; however, there are no available instruments for individuals to monitor their own blood phenylalanine levels using whole fingertip blood. We developed a phenylalanine monitoring system (designated as PheCheck) that included a pre-existing portable ammonia detection device and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, which converts phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid and ammonia. This system was able to remove 86.7% ± 0.03% of the ammonia contained in fingertip blood and successfully reduce background ammonia levels. A good correlation was found between the estimated plasma phenylalanine levels detected by PheCheck and plasma phenylalanine levels detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (R2 0.97). The entire PheCheck process for measuring blood phenylalanine takes only 20 min. PheCheck can lay the foundation for home phenylalanine monitoring with high feasibility because all the components are easily accessible. Further studies with a more user-friendly PheCheck optimized for practice are needed to improve blood phenylalanine control, reduce the burden on patients and/or caregivers, and prevent the sequelae associated with phenylketonuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Eriko Totsune
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuko Mikami-Saito
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshio Miyata
- United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Maslennikova D, Ivanov S, Petrova S, Burkhanova G, Maksimov I, Lastochkina O. Components of the Phenylpropanoid Pathway in the Implementation of the Protective Effect of Sodium Nitroprusside on Wheat under Salinity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112123. [PMID: 37299102 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional, gaseous signaling molecule implicated in both physiological and protective responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, including salinity. In this work, we studied the effects of 200 µM exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a donor of NO) on the components of the phenylpropanoid pathway, such as lignin and salicylic acid (SA), and its relationship with wheat seedling growth under normal and salinity (2% NaCl) conditions. It was established that exogenous SNP contributed to the accumulation of endogenous SA and increased the level of transcription of the pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR1) gene. It was found that endogenous SA played an important role in the growth-stimulating effect of SNP, as evidenced by the growth parameters. In addition, under the influence of SNP, the activation of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL), and peroxidase (POD), an increase in the level of transcription of the TaPAL and TaPRX genes, and the acceleration of lignin accumulation in the cell walls of roots were revealed. Such an increase in the barrier properties of the cell walls during the period of preadaptation played an important role in protection against salinity stress. Salinity led to significant SA accumulation and lignin deposition in the roots, strong activation of TAL, PAL, and POD, and suppression of seedling growth. Pretreatment with SNP under salinity conditions resulted in additional lignification of the root cell walls, decreased stress-induced endogenous SA generation, and lower PAL, TAL, and POD activities in comparison to untreated stressed plants. Thus, the obtained data suggested that during pretreatment with SNP, phenylpropanoid metabolism was activated (i.e., lignin and SA), which contributed to reducing the negative effects of salinity stress, as evidenced by the improved plant growth parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Maslennikova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics UFRC RAS, 71 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Sergey Ivanov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, 69 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Svetlana Petrova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, 69 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Burkhanova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics UFRC RAS, 71 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Igor Maksimov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics UFRC RAS, 71 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Oksana Lastochkina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics UFRC RAS, 71 Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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Lan HN, Liu RY, Liu ZH, Li X, Li BZ, Yuan YJ. Biological valorization of lignin to flavonoids. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108107. [PMID: 36758651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the most affluent natural aromatic biopolymer on the earth, which is the promising renewable source for valuable products to promote the sustainability of biorefinery. Flavonoids are a class of plant polyphenolic secondary metabolites containing the benzene ring structure with various biological activities, which are largely applied in health food, pharmaceutical, and medical fields. Due to the aromatic similarity, microbial conversion of lignin derived aromatics to flavonoids could facilitate flavonoid biosynthesis and promote the lignin valorization. This review thereby prospects a novel valorization route of lignin to high-value natural products and demonstrates the potential advantages of microbial bioconversion of lignin to flavonoids. The biodegradation of lignin polymers is summarized to identify aromatic monomers as momentous precursors for flavonoid synthesis. The biosynthesis pathways of flavonoids in both plants and strains are introduced and compared. After that, the key branch points and important intermediates are clearly discussed in the biosynthesis pathways of flavonoids. Moreover, the most significant enzyme reactions including Claisen condensation, cyclization and hydroxylation are demonstrated in the biosynthesis pathways of flavonoids. Finally, current challenges and potential future strategies are also discussed for transforming lignin into various flavonoids. The holistic microbial conversion routes of lignin to flavonoids could make a sustainable production of flavonoids and improve the feasibility of lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Na Lan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Ruo-Ying Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xia Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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Zhu S, Zhang X, Ren C, Xu X, Comes HP, Jiang W, Fu C, Feng H, Cai L, Hong D, Li K, Kai G, Qiu Y. Chromosome-level reference genome of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (Vitaceae) provides insights into genomic evolution and the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and flavonoids. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:805-823. [PMID: 36864731 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly (2.19 Gb) and annotation of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum, a perennial herbaceous liana native to subtropical China with diverse medicinal applications. Approximately 73% of the genome was comprised of transposable elements (TEs), of which long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) were a predominant group (69% of the genome). The genome size increase of T. hemsleyanum (relative to Vitis species) was mostly due to the proliferation of LTR-RTs. Of the different modes of gene duplication identified, transposed duplication (TRD) and dispersed duplication (DSD) were the predominant ones. Genes, particularly those involved in the phenylpropanoid-flavonoid (PF) pathway and those associated with therapeutic properties and environmental stress resistance, were significantly amplified through recent tandem duplications. We dated the divergence of two intraspecific lineages in Southwest (SW) versus Central-South-East (CSE) China to the late Miocene (approximately 5.2 million years ago). Of those, the former showed more upregulated genes and metabolites. Based on resequencing data of 38 individuals representing both lineages, we identified various candidate genes related to 'response to stimulus' and 'biosynthetic process', including ThFLS11, which is putatively involved in flavonoid accumulation. Overall, this study provides abundant genomic resources for future evolutionary, ecological, and functional genomics studies in T. hemsleyanum and related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhu
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Chaoqian Ren
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xinhan Xu
- Hangzhou Sanyeqing Agricultural Science and Technology Co. LTD, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Hans Peter Comes
- Department of Environment & Biodiversity, Salzburg University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Weimei Jiang
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Chengxin Fu
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Huixia Feng
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Liming Cai
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Deyuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Yingxiong Qiu
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
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Yuxiao Z, Guo Y, Xinhua S. Comprehensive insight into an amino acid metabolic network in postharvest horticultural products: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023. [PMID: 37066732 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Amino acid (AA) metabolism plays a vital role in the central metabolism of plants. In addition to protein biosynthesis, AAs are involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, signal transduction, stress response, defense against pathogens, flavor formation, and so on. Besides these functions, AAs can be degraded into precursors or intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle to substitute respiratory substrates and restore energy homeostasis, as well as directly acting as signal molecules or be involved in the regulation of plant signals to delay senescence of postharvest horticultural products (PHPs). AA metabolism and its role in plants growth have been clarified; however, only a few studies about their roles exist concerning the postharvest preservation of fruit and vegetables. This study reviews the potential functions of various AAs by comparing the difference in AA metabolism at the postharvest stage and then discusses the crosstalk of AA metabolism and energy metabolism, the target of rapamycin/sucrose nonfermenting-related kinase 1 signaling and secondary metabolism. Finally, the roles and effect mechanism of several exogenous AAs in the preservation of PHPs are highlighted. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the AA metabolism network in PHPs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yuxiao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zi'bo, China
| | - Yanyin Guo
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zi'bo, China
| | - Song Xinhua
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zi'bo, China
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Tan C, Li N, Wang Y, Yu X, Yang L, Cao R, Ye X. Integrated Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses Revealed Improved Cold Tolerance in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by Exogenous Chitosan Oligosaccharide. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076202. [PMID: 37047175 PMCID: PMC10094205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), sensitive to cold stress, is one of the most economically important vegetables. Here, we systematically investigated the roles of exogenous glycine betaine, chitosan, and chitosan oligosaccharide in alleviating cold stress in cucumber seedlings. The results showed that 50 mg·L−1 chitosan oligosaccharide had the best activity. It effectively increases plant growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity, osmotic regulatory substance content, and antioxidant enzyme activities while reducing relative electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde levels in cucumber seedlings under cold stress. To reveal the protective effects of chitosan oligosaccharide in cold stress, cucumber seedlings pretreated with 50 mg·L−1 chitosan oligosaccharide were sampled after 0, 3, 12, and 24 h of cold stress for transcriptome analysis, with distilled water as a control. The numbers of differentially expressed genes in the four comparison groups were 656, 1274, 1122, and 957, respectively. GO functional annotation suggested that these genes were mainly involved in “voltage-gated calcium channel activity”, “carbohydrate metabolic process”, “jasmonic acid biosynthetic”, and “auxin response” biological processes. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that these genes performed important functions in “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “MAPK signaling pathway—plant”, “phenylalanine metabolism”, and “plant hormone signal transduction.” These findings provide a theoretical basis for the use of COS to alleviate the damage caused by cold stress in plant growth and development.
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Synergistic application of calcium oxide nanoparticles and farmyard manure induces cadmium tolerance in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) by influencing physiological and biochemical parameters. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282531. [PMID: 36862701 PMCID: PMC9980738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) grown under heavy metals such as cadmium stress shows poor growth patterns and yield attributes which can be extenuated by the application of calcium and organic manure to the contaminated soil. The present study was designed to decipher the calcium oxide nanoparticles and farmyard manure-induced Cd stress tolerance through improvement in physiological and biochemical attributes of mung bean plants. A pot experiment was conducted by defining appropriate positive and negative controls under differential soil treatments with farmyard manure (1% and 2%) and calcium oxide nanoparticles (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L). Root treatment of 20 mg/L calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaONPs) and 2% farmyard manure (FM) reduced the cadmium acquisition from the soil and improved growth in terms of plant height by 27.4% compared to positive control under Cd stress. The same treatment improved shoot vitamin C (ascorbic acid) contents by 35% and functioning of antioxidant enzymes catalase and phenyl ammonia lyase by 16% and 51%, respectively and the levels of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide decreased by 57% and 42%, respectively with the application of 20 mg/L CaONPs and 2% of FM. The gas exchange parameters such as stomata conductance and leaf net transpiration rate were improved due to FM mediated better availability of water. The FM improved soil nutrient contents and friendly biota culminating in good yields. Overall, 2% FM and 20 mg/L CaONPs proved as the best treatment to reduce cadmium toxicity. The growth, yield, and crop performance in terms of physiological and biochemical attributes can be improved by the application of CaONPs and FM under the heavy metal stress.
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Lim YJ, Kwon SJ, Eom SH. Red and blue light-specific metabolic changes in soybean seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1128001. [PMID: 36938020 PMCID: PMC10014548 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1128001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Red and blue artificial light sources are commonly used as photosynthetic lighting in smart farm facilities, and they can affect the metabolisms of various primary and secondary metabolites. Although the soybean plant contains major flavonoids such as isoflavone and flavonol, using light factors to produce specific flavonoids from this plant remains difficult because the regulation of light-responded flavonoids is poorly understood. In this study, metabolic profiling of soybean seedlings in response to red and blue lights was evaluated, and the isoflavone-flavonol regulatory mechanism under different light irradiation periods was elucidated. Profiling of metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, organic acids, free sugars, alcohol sugars, and sugar acids, revealed that specific flavonol, isoflavone, and phenolic acid showed irradiation time-dependent accumulation. Therefore, the metabolic gene expression level and accumulation of isoflavone and flavonol were further investigated. The light irradiation period regulated kaempferol glycoside, the predominant flavonol in soybeans, with longer light irradiation resulting in higher kaempferol glycoside content, regardless of photosynthetic lights. Notably, blue light stimulated kaempferol-3-O-(2,6-dirhamnosyl)-galactoside accumulation more than red light. Meanwhile, isoflavones were controlled differently based on isoflavone types. Malonyl daidzin and malonyl genistin, the predominant isoflavones in soybeans, were significantly increased by short-term red light irradiation (12 and 36 h) with higher expressions of flavonoid biosynthetic genes, which contributed to the increased total isoflavone level. Although most isoflavones increased in response to red and blue lights, daidzein increased in response only to red light. In addition, prolonged red light irradiation downregulated the accumulation of glycitin types, suggesting that isoflavone's structural specificity results in different accumulation in response to light. Overall, these findings suggest that the application of specific wavelength and irradiation periods of light factors enables the regulation and acquisition of specialized metabolites from soybean seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Jin Lim
- Department of Smart Farm Science, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Jae Kwon
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Eom
- Department of Smart Farm Science, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Anthony BM, Chaparro JM, Prenni JE, Minas IS. Carbon sufficiency boosts phenylpropanoid biosynthesis early in peach fruit development priming superior fruit quality. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:1019-1031. [PMID: 36898214 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the crop load in peach trees determines carbon supply and optimum balance between fruit yield and quality potentials. The impact of carbon supply on peach fruit quality was assessed in three development stages (S2, S3, S4) on fruit of equal maturity from trees that were carbon (C) starved (unthinned) and sufficient (thinned). Previous studies determined that primary metabolites of peach fruit mesocarp are mainly linked with developmental processes, thus, the secondary metabolite profile was assessed using non-targeted liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS). Carbon sufficient (C-sufficient) fruit demonstrated superior quality attributes as compared to C-starved fruit. Early metabolic shifts in the secondary metabolome appear to prime quality at harvest. Enhanced C-availability facilitated the increased and consistent synthesis of flavonoids, like catechin, epicatechin and eriodyctiol, via the phenylpropanoid pathway, providing a link between the metabolome and fruit quality, and serving as signatures of C-sufficiency during peach fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon M Anthony
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Jacqueline M Chaparro
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Jessica E Prenni
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States
| | - Ioannis S Minas
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States.
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Song H, Asghari M, Zahedipour-Sheshglani P, Diao E, Xiang X, Liang X, Abdollahi Mandoulakani B, Qian S. Investigation of pectolytic and PR genes expression, quality and phytochemical contents in organic and non-organic table grapes at harvest and during storage. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112717. [PMID: 37087216 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
The demand for organic table grapes is increasing worldwide. However, comprehensive information of quality parameters and phytochemical compounds in organically grown fruit remain unclear. Furthermore, table grapes are perishable and postharvest quality retention and waste prevention is very important. In this study we have compared the differences between organic and non-organic table grapes in terms of phytochemical compounds and quality parameters as well as the changes in the expression levels of pathogen related and lytic genes during storage. Organic fruit showed higher levels of phenolics, flavonoids, caffeic acid, hydrogen peroxide, protein content, antioxidant and anti-stress enzymes and total antioxidant activities at harvest and during storage. Although, the expression levels of polygalactronases, pectin methyl esterase, chitinase and glucanase genes was lower in organically grown table grapes at harvest, but the expression of all these genes was significantly increased during cold storage. After 60 days of cold storage the expression levels of pectin methyl esterase, chitinase and glucanase genes was significantly higher than the conventionally grown grape berries in organic ones. The highest expression of polygalacturonase was recorded in organic samples after 30 days of storage. There was no significant difference between the two types of table grapes for decay extension and tissue deterioration rate. The results of this study indicate that due to higher levels of phytochemicals and antioxidant compounds the organic table grapes have a higher nutritional quality. Furthermore, the increase in PR and pectolytic genes expression levels is enough for decreasing the fruit susceptibility to decay pathogens and enhancing the postharvest life of organic grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Song
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection of China, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Mohammadreza Asghari
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | | | - Enjie Diao
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection of China, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Xinran Xiang
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection of China, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Xiaona Liang
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection of China, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | | | - Shiquan Qian
- School of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Safety & Nutrition Function Evaluation, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection of China, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
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41
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Zhu BF, Liu Y, Pei XQ, Wu ZL. Characterization of Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyases from Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) as Robust Biocatalysts for the Production of d- and l-Amino Acids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2935-2942. [PMID: 36734156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) catalyzes the reversible conversion of l-phenylalanine into the corresponding trans-cinnamic acid, providing a route to optically pure α-amino acids. We explored the catalytic function of all five PALs encoded in the genome of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) that are previously known to be involved in wound browning. All LsPALs were active toward l-phenylalanine in the ammonia elimination reaction and displayed maximum activity at 55-60 °C and pH 9.0-9.5. However, four of them, LsPAL1-LsPAL4, showed significantly higher activity and thermal stability than LsPAL5, as well as a broader substrate spectrum including some challenging substrates with steric demanding or electron-donating substituents. The best one LsPAL3 was subjected to the kinetic resolution of a panel of 21 rac-phenylalanine derivatives, as well as the ammonia addition of 21 cinnamic acid derivatives. It showed excellent enantioselectivity in most cases and significantly better activity than previously described PALs for a number of challenging non-natural substrates, demonstrating its great potential in biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Feng Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu610041, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, No. 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu610064, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Zhong-Liu Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu610041, China
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42
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Chromosomal-level genome and multi-omics dataset provides new insights into leaf pigmentation in Acer palmatum. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:93-104. [PMID: 36470439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acer palmatum (A. palmatum), a deciduous shrub or small arbour which belongs to Acer of Aceraceae, is an excellent greening species as well as a beautiful ornamental plant. In this study, a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome for A. palmatum was constructed using Oxford Nanopore sequencing and Hi-C technology. The assembly genome was ∼745.78 Mb long with a contig N50 length of 3.20 Mb, and 95.30 % (710.71 Mb) of the assembly was anchored into 13 pseudochromosomes. A total of 28,559 protein-coding genes were obtained, ∼90.02 % (25,710) of which could be functionally annotated. The genomic evolutionary analysis revealed that A. palmatum is most closely related to A. yangbiense and A. truncatum, and underwent only an ancient gamma whole-genome duplication event. Despite lacking a recent independent WGD, 25,795 (90.32 %) genes of A. palmatum were duplicated, and the unique/expanded gene families were linked with genes involved in plant-pathogen interaction and several metabolic pathways, which might underpin adaptability. A combined genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis related to the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in leaves during the different season were characterized. The results indicate that the dark-purple colouration of the leaves in spring was caused by a high amount of anthocyanins, especially delphinidin and its derivatives; and the red colouration of the leaves in autumn by a high amount of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. In conclusion, these valuable multi-omic resources offer important foundations to explore the molecular regulation mechanism in leaf colouration and also provide a platform for the scientific and efficient utilization of A. palmatum.
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Rieseberg TP, Dadras A, Fürst-Jansen JMR, Dhabalia Ashok A, Darienko T, de Vries S, Irisarri I, de Vries J. Crossroads in the evolution of plant specialized metabolism. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 134:37-58. [PMID: 35292191 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The monophyletic group of embryophytes (land plants) stands out among photosynthetic eukaryotes: they are the sole constituents of the macroscopic flora on land. In their entirety, embryophytes account for the majority of the biomass on land and constitute an astounding biodiversity. What allowed for the massive radiation of this particular lineage? One of the defining features of all land plants is the production of an array of specialized metabolites. The compounds that the specialized metabolic pathways of embryophytes produce have diverse functions, ranging from superabundant structural polymers and compounds that ward off abiotic and biotic challenges, to signaling molecules whose abundance is measured at the nanomolar scale. These specialized metabolites govern the growth, development, and physiology of land plants-including their response to the environment. Hence, specialized metabolites define the biology of land plants as we know it. And they were likely a foundation for their success. It is thus intriguing to find that the closest algal relatives of land plants, freshwater organisms from the grade of streptophyte algae, possess homologs for key enzymes of specialized metabolic pathways known from land plants. Indeed, some studies suggest that signature metabolites emerging from these pathways can be found in streptophyte algae. Here we synthesize the current understanding of which routes of the specialized metabolism of embryophytes can be traced to a time before plants had conquered land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim P Rieseberg
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Armin Dadras
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Janine M R Fürst-Jansen
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Amra Dhabalia Ashok
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tatyana Darienko
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sophie de Vries
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Iker Irisarri
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; University of Goettingen, Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Goldschmidstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jan de Vries
- University of Goettingen, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; University of Goettingen, Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), Goldschmidstr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany; University of Goettingen, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Goldschmidtsr. 1, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
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Metabolites and Plant Hormones Related to the Resistance Response to Feeding Stimulation and Leaf Clipping Control in Chinese Pine ( Pinus tabuliformis Carr.). Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1086-1099. [PMID: 36826017 PMCID: PMC9955327 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to define changes in metabolic pathways in response to mandibulate insect feeding and to provide a reference for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of conifer resistance. Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) in good growth status in natural condition was chosen for stimulation by 10 pine caterpillars (Dendrolimus tabulaefomis Tsai et Liu) as feeding stimulation (FS), leaf clipping control (LCC) as mechanical damage, and CK group (with no treatment) (recorded as 0 h). The metabolome and total flavonoid content were measured in the needles at 0, 2, and 8 h after treatment. Plant hormones were measured with needles at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after different treatments. The results show that a total of 30.8% flavonoids are identified by metabolomics analysis. Compared with leaf clipping control, feeding stimulation of Chinese pine caterpillars significantly induced the upregulation of metabolites in the flavonoid pathway in Chinese pine, and the plant hormones JA and IAA showed expression trends consistent with those of the metabolome. According to the biological processes of the four plant hormones involved, JA and SA are mostly involved in resistance formation, and in this study, both of them also have fluctuating expressions influenced by feeding stimulation, while the expressions of the growth-related hormones IAA and ABA have no significant changes at other time points except for 1 h after treatment. Thus, the flavonoid pathway is one of the main pathways involved in resistance formation in conifers, and JA and IAA are involved in the formation of resistance.
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45
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Shafiei R, Hooper M, McClellan C, Oakey H, Stephens J, Lapierre C, Tsuji Y, Goeminne G, Vanholme R, Boerjan W, Ralph J, Halpin C. Downregulation of barley ferulate 5-hydroxylase dramatically alters straw lignin structure without impact on mechanical properties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1125003. [PMID: 36726680 PMCID: PMC9886061 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1125003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Barley is a major cereal crop for temperate climates, and a diploid genetic model for polyploid wheat. Cereal straw biomass is an attractive source of feedstock for green technologies but lignin, a key determinant of feedstock recalcitrance, complicates bio-conversion processes. However, manipulating lignin content to improve the conversion process could negatively affect agronomic traits. An alternative approach is to manipulate lignin composition which influences the physical and chemical properties of straw. This study validates the function of a barley ferulate 5-hydroxylase gene and demonstrates that its downregulation using the RNA-interference approach substantially impacts lignin composition. We identified five barley genes having putative ferulate 5-hydroxylase activity. Downregulation of HvF5H1 substantially reduced the lignin syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio in straw while the lignin content, straw mechanical properties, plant growth habit, and grain characteristics all remained unaffected. Metabolic profiling revealed significant changes in the abundance of 173 features in the HvF5H1-RNAi lines. The drastic changes in the lignin polymer of transgenic lines highlight the plasticity of barley lignification processes and the associated potential for manipulating and improving lignocellulosic biomass as a feedstock for green technologies. On the other hand, our results highlight some differences between the lignin biosynthetic pathway in barley, a temperate climate grass, and the warm climate grass, rice, and underscore potential diversity in the lignin biosynthetic pathways in grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Shafiei
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hooper
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher McClellan
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Oakey
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Sciences, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jennifer Stephens
- Cell And Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - Yukiko Tsuji
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Energy’s Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, The Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Ruben Vanholme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent, Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wout Boerjan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent, Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Ralph
- Department of Energy’s Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, The Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Claire Halpin
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Metabolomic Approach to Study the 'Purple Queen' Pomegranate Cultivar Response to Alternative Culture Media and Phenological Stages. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020352. [PMID: 36673444 PMCID: PMC9857937 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasingly evident threat of depletion of world peat bogs is encouraging the search for and study of alternative agricultural substrates that can fully or partially replace peat, guaranteeing food supply (quality and quantity). On the other hand, the identification of the potential for the reuse of waste from relevant economic activities has increased in recent years, mainly motivated by the change to a sustainable circular economy, as is the case of port sediments. Taking into account that significant volumes of dredged port sediments are generated annually so that ports can maintain their economic activity, it is necessary to find objective, sustainable and safe reuse alternatives. In this sense, the objective of this study was to study the response of the "Purple Queen" pomegranate when grown with dredged port sediment. For this, the fruit production (kg), number of fruits (fruits tree-1), fruit weight (g), and seed yield (%) aiming to verify the correct tree development were evaluated. In addition, a 1H-NMR foliar metabolomic study for the three most relevant phenological phases was performed (flowering, fruit development, and post-harvest) to identify metabolic changes in trees. In total, 29 metabolites were identified; among them, 11 were amino acids, 6 organic acids, 5 sugars, and 7 secondary metabolites. The good agronomical development of the trees and fruits indicated the potential for using the dredged sediment as an agricultural substrate. On the other hand, the results revealed that the greatest variability in the metabolomic study occurred between the phenological phases and a lower variability is explained by the substrates used.
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Jia X, Wang L, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Xu L, Yi K. The origin and evolution of salicylic acid signaling and biosynthesis in plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:245-259. [PMID: 36476805 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays a pivotal role in plant response to biotic and abiotic stress. Several core SA signaling regulators and key proteins in SA biosynthesis have been well characterized. However, much remains unknown about the origin, evolution, and early diversification of core elements in plant SA signaling and biosynthesis. In this study, we identified 10 core protein families in SA signaling and biosynthesis across green plant lineages. We found that the key SA signaling receptors, the nonexpresser of pathogenesis-related (NPR) proteins, originated in the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of land plants and formed divergent groups in the ancestor of seed plants. However, key transcription factors for SA signaling, TGACG motif-binding proteins (TGAs), originated in the MRCA of streptophytes, arguing for the stepwise evolution of core SA signaling in plants. Different from the assembly of the core SA signaling pathway in the ancestor of seed plants, SA exists extensively in green plants, including chlorophytes and streptophyte algae. However, the full isochorismate synthase (ICS)-based SA synthesis pathway was first assembled in the MRCA of land plants. We further revealed that the ancient abnormal inflorescence meristem 1 (AIM1)-based β-oxidation pathway is crucial for the biosynthesis of SA in chlorophyte algae, and this biosynthesis pathway may have facilitated the adaptation of early-diverging green algae to the high-light-intensity environment on land. Taken together, our findings provide significant insights into the early evolution and diversification of plant SA signaling and biosynthesis pathways, highlighting a crucial role of SA in stress tolerance during plant terrestrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhixiang Chen
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Keke Yi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Duan B, Tan X, Long J, Ouyang Q, Zhang Y, Tao N. Integrated transcriptomic-metabolomic analysis reveals that cinnamaldehyde exposure positively regulates the phenylpropanoid pathway in postharvest Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 189:105312. [PMID: 36549824 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Previously, wax + cinnamaldehyde (WCA) was proven to be able to effectively alleviate fruit decay and induce resistance in harvested Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu). However, the potential molecular mechanism is largely unknown. In the present study, transcriptomics, metabolomics and biochemical analyses were combined to clarify this process. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression of genes involved in secondary metabolites and related to pathogenesis and the phenylpropanoid pathway were significantly influenced by WCA treatment. In addition, metabolite profiling revealed that metabolites in the phenylpropanoid pathway were also predominantly impacted after WCA treatment. Correspondingly, enzymatic activities and gene expression involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway were positively regulated, especially in the first 24 h, resulting in increased levels of total phenolics, flavonoids and other secondary metabolites. Fruit inoculation experiments showed that WCA treatment significantly reduced the development of citrus green mold and sour rot while having no adverse effects on the edible quality of the tested citrus fruit. Our study confirms the potential role of WCA exposure in citrus to induce resistance through the phenylpropanoid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jianyuan Long
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qiuli Ouyang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yonghua Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, PR China
| | - Nengguo Tao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, PR China.
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Neto DFM, Nascimento JRS, Martins GR, Silva AS, Domont GB, Campos FAP, Nogueira FCS. Proteomic changes associated with the development of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seeds. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200251. [PMID: 35861729 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seeds are a rich source of mannans, which can be used to generate bioethanol or be converted to high-value D-mannose, in addition to being a source of polyphenols with beneficial health properties. Here, we present a quantitative proteome dataset of açaí seeds at four stages of development (S1, S2, S3, and S4 stages), in which 2465 high confidence proteins were identified and 524 of them show statistically different abundance profiles during development. Several enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of nucleotide-sugars were quantified, especially those dedicated to the formation of GDP-mannose, which showed an increase in abundance between stages S1 and S3. Our data suggest that linear mannans found abundantly in endosperm cell walls are initially deposited as galactomannans, and during development lose the galactosyl groups. Two isoforms of alpha-galactosidase enzymes showed significantly increased abundances in the S3 and S4 stages. Additionally, we quantified the enzymes participating in the central pathway of flavonoid biosynthesis responsible for the formation of catechin and epicatechin, which are subunits of procyanidins, the main class of polyphenols in the açaí seeds. These proteins showed the same pattern of deposition, in which higher abundances were seen in the S1 and S2 stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingos F M Neto
- Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel R Martins
- National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ayla S Silva
- National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gilberto B Domont
- Proteomic Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisco A P Campos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fábio C S Nogueira
- Proteomic Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Proteomics/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Ninkuu V, Yan J, Fu Z, Yang T, Ziemah J, Ullrich MS, Kuhnert N, Zeng H. Lignin and Its Pathway-Associated Phytoalexins Modulate Plant Defense against Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:jof9010052. [PMID: 36675873 PMCID: PMC9865837 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi infections cause approximately 60-70% yield loss through diseases such as rice blast, powdery mildew, Fusarium rot, downy mildew, etc. Plants naturally respond to these infections by eliciting an array of protective metabolites to confer physical or chemical protection. Among plant metabolites, lignin, a phenolic compound, thickens the middle lamella and the secondary cell walls of plants to curtail fungi infection. The biosynthesis of monolignols (lignin monomers) is regulated by genes whose transcript abundance significantly improves plant defense against fungi. The catalytic activities of lignin biosynthetic enzymes also contribute to the accumulation of other defense compounds. Recent advances focus on modifying the lignin pathway to enhance plant growth and defense against pathogens. This review presents an overview of monolignol regulatory genes and their contributions to fungi immunity, as reported over the last five years. This review expands the frontiers in lignin pathway engineering to enhance plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Ninkuu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianpei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zenchao Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tengfeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - James Ziemah
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University, College Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Matthias S. Ullrich
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University, College Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University, College Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence:
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