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Ma R, Zheng X, Gu T, Liu Z, Hou S, Sun D, Ding Y, Wang F, Ying Q, Ma X, Kang H, Liu R, Lian J, Wu X. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin 1 (TIM-1) mediates infection of Hantaan virus in Jurkat T cells. Virus Res 2024; 346:199394. [PMID: 38735439 PMCID: PMC11152704 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV) is a major public health concern due to its ability to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia. Symptoms of HFRS include fever, hemorrhage, immune dysfunction and renal impairment, and severe cases can be fatal. T cell-mediated adaptive immune responses play a pivotal role in countering HTNV infection. However, our understanding of HTNV and T cell interactions in the disease progression is limited. In this study, we found that human CD4+ T cells can be directly infected with HTNV, thereby facilitating viral replication and production. Additionally, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin 1 (TIM-1) participated in the process of HTNV infection of Jurkat T cells, and further observed that HTNV enters Jurkat T cells via the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway. These findings not only affirm the susceptibility of human CD4+ T lymphocytes to HTNV but also shed light on the viral tropism. Our research elucidates a mode of the interaction between the virus infection process and the immune system. Critically, this study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of HTNV and the implications for antiviral research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuyang Zheng
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianle Gu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiyuan Hou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Danni Sun
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaxin Ding
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qikang Ying
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohan Ma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huarui Kang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jianqi Lian
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xingan Wu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Schreiber P, Friedrich AK, Gruber G, Nusshag C, Boegelein L, Essbauer S, Uhrig J, Zeier M, Krautkrämer E. Differences in the Susceptibility of Human Tubular Epithelial Cells for Infection with Orthohantaviruses. Viruses 2023; 15:1670. [PMID: 37632012 PMCID: PMC10459294 DOI: 10.3390/v15081670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases induced by infection with pathogenic orthohantaviruses are characterized by a pronounced organ-specific manifestation. Pathogenic Eurasian orthohantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) with often massive proteinuria. Therefore, the use of a relevant kidney cell culture would be favorable to analyze the underlying cellular mechanisms of orthohantavirus-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). We tested different human tubular epithelial cell lines for their suitability as an in vitro infection model. Permissiveness and replication kinetics of highly pathogenic Hantaan virus (HTNV) and non-/low-pathogenic Tula virus (TULV) were analyzed in tubular epithelial cell lines and compared to human primary tubular epithelial cells. Ana-lysis of the cell line HK-2 revealed the same results for viral replication, morphological and functional effects as observed for HTNV in primary cells. In contrast, the cell lines RPTEC/TERT1 and TH1 demonstrated only poor infection rates after inoculation with HTNV and are unusable as an infection model. While pathogenic HNTV infects primary tubular and HK-2 cells, non-/low-pathogenic TULV infects neither primary tubular cells nor the cell line HK-2. Our results show that permissiveness of renal cells varies between orthohantaviruses with differences in pathogenicity and that HK-2 cells demonstrate a suitable in vitro model to study viral tropism and pathogenesis of orthohantavirus-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Schreiber
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gefion Gruber
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Nusshag
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Boegelein
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Essbauer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Department Virology and Intracellular Agents, German Centre for Infection Research, Munich Partner Site, D-80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Josephine Uhrig
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Proprotein convertases regulate trafficking and maturation of key proteins within the secretory pathway. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 133:1-54. [PMID: 36707198 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Proprotein Convertases (PCs) are serine endoproteases that regulate the homeostasis of protein substrates in the cell. The PCs family counts 9 members-PC1/3, PC2, PC4, PACE4, PC5/6, PC7, Furin, SKI-1/S1P, and PCSK9. The first seven PCs are known as Basic Proprotein Convertases due to their propensity to cleave after polybasic clusters. SKI-1/S1P requires the additional presence of hydrophobic residues for processing, whereas PCSK9 is catalytically dead after autoactivation and exerts its functions using mechanisms alternative to direct cleavage. All PCs traffic through the canonical secretory pathway, reaching different compartments where the various substrates reside. Despite PCs members do not share the same subcellular localization, most of the cellular organelles count one or more Proprotein Convertases, including ER, Golgi stack, endosomes, secretory granules, and plasma membranes. The widespread expression of these enzymes at the systemic level speaks for their importance in the homeostasis of a large number of biological functions. Among others, PCs cleave precursors of hormones and growth factors and activate receptors and transcription factors. Notably, dysregulation of the enzymatic activity of Proprotein Convertases is associated to major human pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, infections, inflammation, autoimmunity diseases, and Parkinson. In the current COVID-19 pandemic, Furin has further attracted the attention as a key player for conferring high pathogenicity to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we review the Proprotein Convertases family and their most important substrates along the secretory pathway. Knowledge about the complex functions of PCs is important to identify potential drug strategies targeting this class of enzymes.
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Elste J, Chan A, Patil C, Tripathi V, Shadrack DM, Jaishankar D, Hawkey A, Mungerson MS, Shukla D, Tiwari V. Archaic connectivity between the sulfated heparan sulfate and the herpesviruses - An evolutionary potential for cross-species interactions. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:1030-1040. [PMID: 36733705 PMCID: PMC9880898 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural diversity of metazoic heparan sulfate (HS) composed of unique sulfated domains is remarkably preserved among various vertebrates and invertebrate species. Interestingly the sulfated moieties of HS have been known as the key determinants generating extraordinary ligand binding sites in the HS chain to regulate multiple biological functions and homeostasis. One such ligand for 3-O sulfation in the HS chain is a glycoprotein D (gD) from an ancient herpesvirus, herpes simplex virus (HSV). This interaction between gD and 3-O sulfated HS leads to virus-cell fusion to promote HSV entry. It is quite astonishing that HSV-1, which infects two-thirds of the world population, is also capable of causing severe diseases in primates and non-primates including primitive zebrafish. Supporting evidence that HSV may cross the species barrier comes from the fact that an enzymatic modification in HS encoded by 3-O sulfotransferase-3 (3-OST-3) from a vertebrate zoonotic species enhances HSV-1 infectivity. The latter phenomenon suggests the possible role of sulfated-HS as an entry receptor during reverse zoonosis, especially during an event when humans encounter domesticated animals in proximity. In this mini-review, we explore the possibility that structural diversity in HS may have played a substantial role in species-specific adaptability for herpesviruses in general including their potential role in promoting cross-species transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Elste
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Angelica Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Chandrashekhar Patil
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Vinisha Tripathi
- Mountain Vista High School, 10585 Mountain Vista Ridge, Highlands Ranch, CO 80126, USA
| | - Daniel M. Shadrack
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, St John's University of Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Dinesh Jaishankar
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrew Hawkey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Michelle Swanson Mungerson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Vaibhav Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA,Corresponding author.
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Ning T, Huang W, Min L, Yang Y, Liu S, Xu J, Zhang N, Xie SA, Zhu S, Wang Y. Pseudotyped Viruses for Orthohantavirus. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1407:229-252. [PMID: 36920700 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-0113-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses, members of the Orthohantavirus genus of Hantaviridae family of the Bunyavirales order, are enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded, tripartite RNA viruses. They are emerging zoonotic pathogens carried by small mammals including rodents, moles, shrews, and bats and are the etiologic agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) among humans. With the characteristics of low biological risk but strong operability, a variety of pseudotyped viruses have been constructed as alternatives to authentic orthohantaviruses to help delineate the roles of host factors in viral entry and other virus-host interactions, to assist in deciphering mechanisms of immune response and correlates of protection, to enhance our understanding of viral antigenic property, to characterize viral entry inhibitors, and to be developed as vaccines. In this chapter, we will discuss the general property of orthohantavirus, construction of pseudotyped orthohantaviruses based on different packaging systems, and their current applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Si Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Junxuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Si-An Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China.
| | - Youchun Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.
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Zhao Y, Zhao N, Cai Y, Zhang H, Li J, Liu J, Ye C, Wang Y, Dang Y, Li W, Liu H, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhang L, Cheng L, Dong Y, Xu Z, Lei Y, Lu L, Wang Y, Ye W, Zhang F. An algal lectin griffithsin inhibits Hantaan virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:881083. [PMID: 36579342 PMCID: PMC9791197 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.881083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV) is the etiological pathogen of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in East Asia. There are currently no effective therapeutics approved for HTNV and other hantavirus infections. We found that griffithsin (GRFT), an algae-derived lectin with broad-spectrum antiviral activity against various enveloped viruses, can inhibit the growth and spread of HTNV. In vitro experiments using recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) with HTNV glycoproteins as a model revealed that the GRFT inhibited the entry of rVSV-HTNV-G into host cells. In addition, we demonstrated that GRFT prevented authentic HTNV infection in vitro by binding to the viral N-glycans. In vivo experiments showed that GRFT partially protected the suckling mice from death induced by intracranial exposure to HTNV. These results demonstrated that GRFT can be a promising agent for inhibiting HTNV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ningbo Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanxing Cai
- Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and BSL-3 Facility, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuantao Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yamei Dang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wanying Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lianqing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuexiang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linfeng Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yangchao Dong
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhikai Xu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingfeng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and BSL-3 Facility, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Fanglin Zhang, ; Wei Ye, ; Yingjuan Wang,
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Fanglin Zhang, ; Wei Ye, ; Yingjuan Wang,
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Airforce Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Fanglin Zhang, ; Wei Ye, ; Yingjuan Wang,
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Walser M, Mayor J, Rothenberger S. Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins: A New Class of Viral Entry Inhibitors. Viruses 2022; 14:2242. [PMID: 36298797 PMCID: PMC9611651 DOI: 10.3390/v14102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) are engineered proteins comprising consensus designed ankyrin repeats as scaffold. Tightly packed repeats form a continuous hydrophobic core and a large groove-like solvent-accessible surface that creates a binding surface. DARPin domains recognizing a target of interest with high specificity and affinity can be generated using a synthetic combinatorial library and in vitro selection methods. They can be linked together in a single molecule to build multispecific and multifunctional proteins without affecting expression or function. The modular architecture of DARPins offers unprecedented possibilities of design and opens avenues for innovative antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Walser
- Molecular Partners AG, Wagistrasse 14, 8952 Zurich-Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Mayor
- Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, Austrasse, 3700 Spiez, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 48, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Rothenberger
- Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, Austrasse, 3700 Spiez, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 48, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Nusshag C, Boegelein L, Schreiber P, Essbauer S, Osberghaus A, Zeier M, Krautkrämer E. Expression Profile of Human Renal Mesangial Cells Is Altered by Infection with Pathogenic Puumala Orthohantavirus. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040823. [PMID: 35458553 PMCID: PMC9025590 DOI: 10.3390/v14040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) with proteinuria is a hallmark of infections with Eurasian orthohantaviruses. Different kidney cells are identified as target cells of hantaviruses. Mesangial cells may play a central role in the pathogenesis of AKI by regulation of inflammatory mediators and signaling cascades. Therefore, we examined the characteristics of hantavirus infection on human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs). Receptor expression and infection with pathogenic Puumala virus (PUUV) and low-pathogenic Tula virus (TULV) were explored. To analyze changes in protein expression in infected mesangial cells, we performed a proteome profiler assay analyzing 38 markers of kidney damage. We compared the proteome profile of in vitro-infected HRMCs with the profile detected in urine samples of 11 patients with acute hantavirus infection. We observed effective productive infection of HRMCs with pathogenic PUUV, but only poor abortive infection for low-pathogenic TULV. PUUV infection resulted in the deregulation of proteases, adhesion proteins, and cytokines associated with renal damage. The urinary proteome profile of hantavirus patients demonstrated also massive changes, which in part correspond to the alterations observed in the in vitro infection of HRMCs. The direct infection of mesangial cells may induce a local environment of signal mediators that contributes to AKI in hantavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nusshag
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Lukas Boegelein
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Pamela Schreiber
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Sandra Essbauer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Department Virology and Intracellular Agents, German Centre for Infection Research, Munich Partner Site, D-80937 Munich, Germany;
| | - Anja Osberghaus
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
| | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.N.); (L.B.); (P.S.); (A.O.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Bohan D, Maury W. Enveloped RNA virus utilization of phosphatidylserine receptors: Advantages of exploiting a conserved, widely available mechanism of entry. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009899. [PMID: 34555126 PMCID: PMC8459961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Bohan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Wendy Maury
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
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10
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Hägele S, Nusshag C, Müller A, Baumann A, Zeier M, Krautkrämer E. Cells of the human respiratory tract support the replication of pathogenic Old World orthohantavirus Puumala. Virol J 2021; 18:169. [PMID: 34404450 PMCID: PMC8369447 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transmission of all known pathogenic orthohantaviruses (family Hantaviridae) usually occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with viral particles derived from infected rodents and organ manifestation of infections is characterized by lung and kidney involvement. Orthohantaviruses found in Eurasia cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and New World orthohantaviruses cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). However, cases of infection with Old World orthohantaviruses with severe pulmonary manifestations have also been observed. Therefore, human airway cells may represent initial targets for orthohantavirus infection and may also play a role in the pathogenesis of infections with Eurasian orthohantaviruses. METHODS We analyzed the permissiveness of primary endothelial cells of the human pulmonary microvasculature and of primary human epithelial cells derived from bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli for Old World orthohantavirus Puumala virus (PUUV) in vitro. In addition, we examined the expression of orthohantaviral receptors in these cell types. To minimize donor-specific effects, cells from two different donors were tested for each cell type. RESULTS Productive infection with PUUV was observed for endothelial cells of the microvasculature and for the three tested epithelial cell types derived from different sites of the respiratory tract. Interestingly, infection and particle release were also detected in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells although expression of the orthohantaviral receptor integrin β3 was not detectable in these cell types. In addition, replication kinetics and viral release demonstrate enormous donor-specific variations. CONCLUSIONS The human respiratory epithelium is among the first targets of orthohantaviral infection and may contribute to virus replication, dissemination and pathogenesis of HFRS-causing orthohantaviruses. Differences in initial pulmonary infection due to donor-specific factors may play a role in the observed broad variance of severity and symptoms of orthohantavirus disease in patients. The absence of detectable levels of integrin αVβ3 surface expression on bronchial and small airway epithelial cells indicates an alternate mode of orthohantaviral entry in these cells that is independent from integrin β3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hägele
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Nusshag
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Müller
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Baumann
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Krautkrämer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Mayor J, Engler O, Rothenberger S. Antiviral Efficacy of Ribavirin and Favipiravir against Hantaan Virus. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061306. [PMID: 34203936 PMCID: PMC8232603 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecological changes, population movements and increasing urbanization promote the expansion of hantaviruses, placing humans at high risk of virus transmission and consequent diseases. The currently limited therapeutic options make the development of antiviral strategies an urgent need. Ribavirin is the only antiviral used currently to treat hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Hantaan virus (HTNV), even though severe side effects are associated with this drug. We therefore investigated the antiviral activity of favipiravir, a new antiviral agent against RNA viruses. Both ribavirin and favipiravir demonstrated similar potent antiviral activity on HTNV infection. When combined, the efficacy of ribavirin is enhanced through the addition of low dose favipiravir, highlighting the possibility to provide better treatment than is currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Mayor
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland;
| | - Olivier Engler
- Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland;
| | - Sylvia Rothenberger
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Spiez Laboratory, Federal Office for Civil Protection, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-213145103
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Identification of Novel Antiviral Compounds Targeting Entry of Hantaviruses. Viruses 2021; 13:v13040685. [PMID: 33923413 PMCID: PMC8074185 DOI: 10.3390/v13040685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever viruses, among them orthohantaviruses, arenaviruses and filoviruses, are responsible for some of the most severe human diseases and represent a serious challenge for public health. The current limited therapeutic options and available vaccines make the development of novel efficacious antiviral agents an urgent need. Inhibiting viral attachment and entry is a promising strategy for the development of new treatments and to prevent all subsequent steps in virus infection. Here, we developed a fluorescence-based screening assay for the identification of new antivirals against hemorrhagic fever virus entry. We screened a phytochemical library containing 320 natural compounds using a validated VSV pseudotype platform bearing the glycoprotein of the virus of interest and encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). EGFP expression allows the quantitative detection of infection and the identification of compounds affecting viral entry. We identified several hits against four pseudoviruses for the orthohantaviruses Hantaan (HTNV) and Andes (ANDV), the filovirus Ebola (EBOV) and the arenavirus Lassa (LASV). Two selected inhibitors, emetine dihydrochloride and tetrandrine, were validated with infectious pathogenic HTNV in a BSL-3 laboratory. This study provides potential therapeutics against emerging virus infection, and highlights the importance of drug repurposing.
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Naeini MB, Bianconi V, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. The role of phosphatidylserine recognition receptors in multiple biological functions. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:23. [PMID: 32226456 PMCID: PMC7098104 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cells are rapidly engulfed and degraded by phagocytes through efferocytosis. Efferocytosis is a highly regulated process. It is triggered upon the activation of caspase-dependent apoptosis, which in turn promotes the expression of "eat me" signals on the surface of dying cells and the release of soluble "find me" signals for the recruitment of phagocytes. To date, many "eat me" signals have been recognized, including phosphatidylserine (PS), intercellular adhesion molecule-3, carbohydrates (e.g., amino sugars, mannose) and calreticulin. Among them, PS is the most studied one. PS recognition receptors are different functionally active receptors expressed by phagocytes. Various PS recognition receptors with different structure, cell type expression, and ability to bind to PS have been recognized. Although PS recognition receptors do not fall into a single classification or family of proteins due to their structural differences, they all share the common ability to activate downstream signaling pathways leading to the production of anti-inflammatory mediators. In this review, available evidence regarding molecular mechanisms underlying PS recognition receptor-regulated clearance of apoptotic cells is discussed. In addition, some efferocytosis-independent biological functions of PS recognition receptors are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Bemani Naeini
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran
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