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Ai L, Jiang X, Zhang K, Cui C, Liu B, Tan W. Tools and techniques for the discovery of therapeutic aptamers: recent advances. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:1393-1411. [PMID: 37840268 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2264187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pursuit of novel therapeutic agents for serious diseases such as cancer has been a global endeavor. Aptamers characteristic of high affinity, programmability, low immunogenicity, and rapid permeability hold great promise for the treatment of diseases. Yet obtaining the approval for therapeutic aptamers remains challenging. Consequently, researchers are increasingly devoted to exploring innovative strategies and technologies to advance the development of these therapeutic aptamers. AREAS COVERED The authors provide a comprehensive summary of the recent progress of the SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) technique, and how the integration of modern tools has facilitated the identification of therapeutic aptamers. Additionally, the engineering of aptamers to enhance their functional attributes, such as inhibiting and targeting, is discussed, demonstrating the potential to broaden their scope of utility. EXPERT OPINION The grand potential of aptamers and the insufficient development of relevant drugs have spurred countless efforts for stimulating their discovery and application in the therapeutic field. While SELEX techniques have undergone significant developments with the aid of advanced analysis instruments and ingeniously updated aptameric engineering strategies, several challenges still impede their clinical translation. A key challenge lies in the insufficient understanding of binding conformation and susceptibility to degradation under physiological conditions. Despite the hurdles, our opinion is optimistic. With continued progress in overcoming these obstacles, the widespread utilization of aptamers for clinical therapy is envisioned to become a reality soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ai
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Kejing Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics and Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, The People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cui
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics and Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, The People's Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
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Aptamers in Virology-A Consolidated Review of the Most Recent Advancements in Diagnosis and Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101646. [PMID: 34683938 PMCID: PMC8540715 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of short oligonucleotide or peptide molecules as target-specific aptamers has recently garnered substantial attention in the field of the detection and treatment of viral infections. Based on their high affinity and high specificity to desired targets, their use is on the rise to replace antibodies for the detection of viruses and viral antigens. Furthermore, aptamers inhibit intracellular viral transcription and translation, in addition to restricting viral entry into host cells. This has opened up a plethora of new targets for the research and development of novel vaccines against viruses. Here, we discuss the advances made in aptamer technology for viral diagnosis and therapy in the past decade.
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Devi S, Sharma N, Ahmed T, Huma ZI, Kour S, Sahoo B, Singh AK, Macesic N, Lee SJ, Gupta MK. Aptamer-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in animals: Current potential and challenges. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5081-5093. [PMID: 34466086 PMCID: PMC8381015 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast and precise diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious animal diseases and their targeted treatments are of utmost importance for their clinical management. The existing biochemical, serological and molecular methods of disease diagnosis need improvement in their specificity, sensitivity and cost and, are generally not amenable for being used as points-of-care (POC) device. Further, with dramatic changes in environment and farm management practices, one should also arm ourselves and prepare for emerging and re-emerging animal diseases such as cancer, prion diseases, COVID-19, influenza etc. Aptamer – oligonucleotide or short peptides that can specifically bind to target molecules – have increasingly become popular in developing biosensors for sensitive detection of analytes, pathogens (bacteria, virus, fungus, prions), drug residues, toxins and, cancerous cells. They have also been proven successful in the cellular delivery of drugs and targeted therapy of infectious diseases and physiological disorders. However, the in vivo application of aptamer-mediated biosensing and therapy in animals has been limited. This paper reviews the existing reports on the application of aptamer-based biosensors and targeted therapy in animals. It also dissects the various modifications to aptamers that were found to be successful in in vivo application of the aptamers in diagnostics and therapeutics. Finally, it also highlights major challenges and future directions in the application of aptamers in the field of veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Devi
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Neelesh Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
- Corresponding author at: Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 181102, India.
| | - Touqeer Ahmed
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Zul I. Huma
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Savleen Kour
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, R.S. Pura, Jammu, J & K, India
| | - Bijayalaxmi Sahoo
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Experimental Animal Facility, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, U.P., India
| | - Nino Macesic
- Clinic for Reproduction and Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sung Jin Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Gupta
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
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Rabies Prophylactic and Treatment Options: An In Vitro Study of siRNA- and Aptamer-Based Therapeutics. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050881. [PMID: 34064911 PMCID: PMC8150346 DOI: 10.3390/v13050881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
If the goal of eliminating dog-mediated human rabies by 2030 is to be achieved, effective mass dog vaccination needs to be complemented by effective prophylaxis for individuals exposed to rabies. Aptamers and short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have been successful in therapeutics, but few studies have investigated their potential as rabies therapeutics. In this study, siRNAs and aptamers-using a novel selection method-were developed and tested against rabies virus (RABV) in a post-infection (p.i.) scenario. Multiple means of delivery were tested for siRNAs, including the use of Lipofectamine and conjugation with the developed aptamers. One siRNA (N53) resulted in an 80.13% reduction in viral RNA, while aptamer UPRET 2.03 demonstrated a 61.3% reduction when used alone at 2 h p.i. At 24 h p.i., chimera UPRET 2.03-N8 (aptamer-siRNA) resulted in a 36.5% inhibition of viral replication. To our knowledge, this is the first study using siRNAs or aptamers that (1) demonstrated significant inhibition of RABV using an aptamer, (2) tested Lipofectamine RNAi-Max as a means for delivery, and (3) produced significant RABV inhibition at 24 h p.i. This study serves as a proof-of-concept to potentially use aptamers and siRNAs as rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) replacements or therapeutic options for RABV and provides strong evidence towards their further investigation.
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Liu L, Gao H, Guo C, Liu T, Li N, Qian Q. Therapeutic Mechanism of Nucleic Acid Drugs. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianxiao Liu
- Nucleic Acid Drug Division Shanghai Cell Therapy Group Co., Ltd. 75 A Qianyang Rd, Jiading District Shanghai 201805 China
| | - Haixia Gao
- Nucleic Acid Drug Division Shanghai Cell Therapy Group Co., Ltd. 75 A Qianyang Rd, Jiading District Shanghai 201805 China
| | - Chuanxin Guo
- Nucleic Acid Drug Division Shanghai Cell Therapy Group Co., Ltd. 75 A Qianyang Rd, Jiading District Shanghai 201805 China
| | - Tao Liu
- Nucleic Acid Drug Division Shanghai Cell Therapy Group Co., Ltd. 75 A Qianyang Rd, Jiading District Shanghai 201805 China
| | - Ning Li
- Nucleic Acid Drug Division Shanghai Cell Therapy Group Co., Ltd. 75 A Qianyang Rd, Jiading District Shanghai 201805 China
| | - Qijun Qian
- Nucleic Acid Drug Division Shanghai Cell Therapy Group Co., Ltd. 75 A Qianyang Rd, Jiading District Shanghai 201805 China
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Yu Q, Liu M, Wu S, Xiao H, Qin X, Li P. Generation and characterization of aptamers against grass carp reovirus infection for the development of rapid detection assay. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:33-44. [PMID: 32959408 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) causes devastating viral haemorrhagic disease in farmed grass carp (Ctenopharyngon idellus). As novel molecular probes, aptamers have been widely applied in rapid diagnosis and efficient therapies against virus or diseases. In this study, three single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers were selected against GCRV-infected CIK cells via SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology). Secondary structures predicted by MFOLD indicated that aptamers formed stem-loop structures, and GVI-11 had the lowest ΔG value of -30.84 KJ/mol. Three aptamers could specifically recognize GCRV-infected CIK cells, with calculated dissociation constants (Kd) of 220.86, 176.63 and 278.66 nM for aptamers GVI-1, GVI-7 and GVI-11, respectively, which indicated that they could serve as specific delivery system for antiviral therapies. The targets of aptamers GVI-1, GVI-7 and GVI-11 on the surface of GCRV-infected cells could be membrane proteins, which were trypsin-sensitive. Furthermore, FAM-labelled aptamer GVI-7 could be applied to detect GCRV infection in vivo. It is the first time to generate and characterize aptamers against GCRV-infected cells. These aptamers have great potentials in development of rapid diagnosis technology and antiviral agents against GCRV infection in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Advanced Technology R & D Center, Beibu Gulf Marine Industrial Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Advanced Technology R & D Center, Beibu Gulf Marine Industrial Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Siting Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Advanced Technology R & D Center, Beibu Gulf Marine Industrial Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hehe Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Advanced Technology R & D Center, Beibu Gulf Marine Industrial Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Xinling Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Advanced Technology R & D Center, Beibu Gulf Marine Industrial Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
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Zhou L, Wang S, Yu Q, Wei S, Liu M, Wei J, Huang Y, Huang X, Li P, Qin Q. Characterization of Novel Aptamers Specifically Directed to Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV)-Infected Cells for Mediating Targeted siRNA Delivery. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:660. [PMID: 32425897 PMCID: PMC7203557 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) causes viral nervous necrosis, the most devastating disease in more than 50 fish species worldwide, with massive mortality rates up to 100%, resulting in great economic losses to mariculture. However, few methods are available for the efficient diagnosis and treatment of viral nervous necrosis. Aptamers are molecular recognition ligands characterized by their remarkably high specificity and affinity, great stability, and ease of synthesis, and have been widely studied in application of disease diagnosis and therapies. In this study, we generated three aptamers against red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV)-infected grouper brain (GB) cells using the Cell-SELEX (cell based-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) technology. The selected aptamers formed stable stem-loop structures, and could specifically recognize RGNNV-infected GB cells, with calculated dissociation constants (Kd) of 27.96, 29.3, and 59.5 nM for aptamers GBN2, GBN10, and GBN34, respectively. They also recognized RGNNV-infected brain tissues. The three aptamers were non-toxic and showed antiviral activities both in vitro and in vivo. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry also demonstrated that aptamer GBN34 could be efficiently and specifically internalized into RGNNV-infected GB cells. The targeted cellular delivery of aptamer-small interfering RNA (siRNA) conjugates remarkably inhibited RGNNV infection in GB cells. The efficiency of the aptamer-based targeted delivery system was about 75% reduction in infection after 48 h, which was similar to that of transfection. These aptamers have great potential utility in the rapid diagnosis and inhibition of RGNNV infection in mariculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowen Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Shina Wei
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Jingguang Wei
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Yu Q, Liu M, Wei S, Wu S, Xiao H, Qin X, Su H, Li P. Characterization of ssDNA aptamers specifically directed against Trachinotus ovatus NNV (GTONNV)-infected cells with antiviral activities. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:380-391. [PMID: 30698517 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), is one of the most fatal viruses in marine fish aquaculture, and is capable of infecting over 50 different fish species. Trachinotus ovatus NNV (GTONNV) was isolated from diseased golden pompano. This T. ovatus strain was isolated from Guangxi, China. Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers with high specificity for GTONNV-infected T. ovatus cerebellum cells (TOCC) were produced by Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX). The characterization of these aptamers was performed using flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscopy. The selected aptamers showed significant specificity for GTONNV-infected cells. Based on MFOLD prediction, aptamers formed distinct stem-loop structures that could form the basis for the aptamers' specific binding to their cellular targets. Protease treatment results revealed that the target molecules for aptamers TNA1, TNA4 and TNA19 within GTONNV-infected cells may be membrane proteins that were trypsin-sensitive. Specific endocytosis of aptamer TNA1, TNA4 and TNA19 into GTONNV-infected cells was also shown. The selected aptamers demonstrated antiviral effects against GTONNV both in vitro and in vivo. This is the first time that aptamers targeting GTONNV-infected T. ovatus cells have been selected and characterized. These aptamers hold promise as rapid diagnostic reagents or targeted therapeutic drugs against GTONNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- 1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynethesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- 1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynethesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| | - Shina Wei
- 2College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Siting Wu
- 1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynethesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, PR China.,3Guangxi Key Lab for Marine Biotechnology, Guangxi Institute of Oceanography, Beihai, PR China
| | - Hehe Xiao
- 4College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, PR China
| | - Xianling Qin
- 5Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, PR China
| | - Hongfei Su
- 6Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, College of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Pengfei Li
- 1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynethesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, PR China
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Therapeutic aptamers in discovery, preclinical and clinical stages. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 134:51-64. [PMID: 30125605 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aptamer field witnessed steady growth during the past 28 years as evident from the exponentially increasing number of related publications. The field is "coming of age", but like other biomedical research areas facing a global push towards translational research to carry ideas from bench- to bedside, there is pressure to show impact for aptamers at the clinical end. Being easy-to-make, non-immunogenic, stable and high-affinity nano-ligands, aptamers are perfectly poised to move in this direction. They can specifically bind targets ranging from small molecules to complex multimeric structures, making them potentially useful in a limitless variety of therapeutic approaches. This review will summarize efforts made to accomplish the therapeutic promise of aptamers, with a focus on aptamers directly acting as therapeutic molecules, rather than those used in targeted delivery of other drugs. The review will showcase representative examples at various stages of development, covering different disease categories.
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Valencia-Reséndiz DG, Palomino-Vizcaino G, Tapia-Vieyra JV, Benítez-Hess ML, Leija-Montoya AG, Alvarez-Salas LM. Inhibition of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Infection Using an RNA Aptamer. Nucleic Acid Ther 2018; 28:97-105. [PMID: 29437522 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2017.0687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) DNA has been found in ∼50% of cervical tumors worldwide. HPV infection starts with the binding of the virus capsid to heparan sulfate (HS) receptors exposed on the surface of epithelial basal layer keratinocytes. Previously, our group isolated a high-affinity RNA aptamer (Sc5c3) specific for HPV16 L1 virus-like particles (VLPs). In this study, we report the inhibition of HPV16 infection by Sc5c3 in a pseudovirus (PsVs) model. 293TT cells were infected by HPV16 PsVs containing the yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) as reporter gene. Incubation of HPV16 PsVs with Sc5c3 before infection resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in YFP fluorescence, suggesting infection inhibition. Aptamer degradation by RNase A restored PsVs infectivity, supporting the previous observation that Sc5c3 aptamer can inhibit infection. VLP mutants with removed HS binding sites were used in binding assays to elucidate the Sc5c3 blocking mechanism; however, no binding difference was observed between wild-type and mutant VLPs, suggesting that pseudoinfection inhibition relies on mechanisms additional to electrostatic HS binding site interaction. A DNA/RNA Sc5c3 version also inhibited HPV PsVs infection, suggesting that a modified, nuclease-resistant Sc5c3 may be used to inhibit HPV16 infection in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gabriela Valencia-Reséndiz
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Giovanni Palomino-Vizcaino
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juana Virginia Tapia-Vieyra
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. , Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Luisa Benítez-Hess
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ana Gabriela Leija-Montoya
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Luis Marat Alvarez-Salas
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. , Ciudad de México, México
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Li P, Yu Q, Zhou L, Dong D, Wei S, Ya H, Chen B, Qin Q. Probing and characterizing the high specific sequences of ssDNA aptamer against SGIV-infected cells. Virus Res 2018; 246:46-54. [PMID: 29341876 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As the major viral pathogen of grouper aquaculture, Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) has caused great economic losses in China and Southeast Asia. In the previous study, we have generated highly specific ssDNA aptamers against SGIV-infected grouper spleen cells (GS) by Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment technology (SELEX), in which Q2 had the highest binding affinity of 16.43 nM. In this study, we would try to identify the specific sequences in the aptamer Q2 that exhibited the high binding affinity to SGIV-infected cells by truncating the original Q2 into some different specific segments. We first evaluated the specificity and binding affinity of these truncated aptamers to SGIV-infected cells by flow cytometry, fluorescent imaging of cells and aptamer-based enzyme-linked apta-sorbent assay (ELASA). We then performed cytotoxicity analysis, assessment of the inhibitory effects upon SGIV infection and the celluar internalization kinetics of each truncated aptamer. Compared to the initial Q2, one of the truncated aptamer Q2-C5 showed a 3-fold increase in the binding affinity for SGIV-infected cells, and held more effective inhibitory effects, higher internalization kinetics and stability. Hence, the aptamer's truncated methods could be applied in the research of identifying aptamer's key sequences. The shorter, structure optimizing aptamer showed more excellent performance over the originally selected aptamer, which could potentially be applied in developing commercial detection probes for the early and rapid diagnosis of SGIV infection, and highly specific therapeutic drugs against SGIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Lingli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Dexin Dong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Shina Wei
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hanzheng Ya
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Singh R, Singh KP, Cherian S, Saminathan M, Kapoor S, Manjunatha Reddy GB, Panda S, Dhama K. Rabies - epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2017. [PMID: 28643547 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2017.1343516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies is a zoonotic, fatal and progressive neurological infection caused by rabies virus of the genus Lyssavirus and family Rhabdoviridae. It affects all warm-blooded animals and the disease is prevalent throughout the world and endemic in many countries except in Islands like Australia and Antarctica. Over 60,000 peoples die every year due to rabies, while approximately 15 million people receive rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) annually. Bite of rabid animals and saliva of infected host are mainly responsible for transmission and wildlife like raccoons, skunks, bats and foxes are main reservoirs for rabies. The incubation period is highly variable from 2 weeks to 6 years (avg. 2-3 months). Though severe neurologic signs and fatal outcome, neuropathological lesions are relatively mild. Rabies virus exploits various mechanisms to evade the host immune responses. Being a major zoonosis, precise and rapid diagnosis is important for early treatment and effective prevention and control measures. Traditional rapid Seller's staining and histopathological methods are still in use for diagnosis of rabies. Direct immunofluoroscent test (dFAT) is gold standard test and most commonly recommended for diagnosis of rabies in fresh brain tissues of dogs by both OIE and WHO. Mouse inoculation test (MIT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are superior and used for routine diagnosis. Vaccination with live attenuated or inactivated viruses, DNA and recombinant vaccines can be done in endemic areas. This review describes in detail about epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, advances in diagnosis, vaccination and therapeutic approaches along with appropriate prevention and control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Singh
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- b Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD) , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Susan Cherian
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Mani Saminathan
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Sanjay Kapoor
- c Department of Veterinary Microbiology , LLR University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences , Hisar , Haryana , India
| | - G B Manjunatha Reddy
- d ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics , Bengaluru , Karnataka , India
| | - Shibani Panda
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- a Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , Uttar Pradesh , India
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Liang H, Fu X, Liu L, Lin Q, Guo H, Li Y, Liu J, Huang Z, Li N. Inhibition of Grass Carp Reovirus Infection by DNA Aptamers against S10 Protein. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2017; 29:89-94. [PMID: 28379065 DOI: 10.1080/08997659.2017.1293572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Grass Carp reovirus (GCRV) is one of the most pathogenic agents among aquareovirus isolates and has the ability to cause a severe epidemic outbreak of hemorrhagic disease, thus resulting in both a high mortality rate during the culture of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and an enormous economic loss. Aptamers have been demonstrated to have strong promising applications in antiviral drug development. In the present study, a complementary DNA fragment encoding the S10 gene of GCRV was cloned. The S10 protein was expressed and purified. Aptamers for S10 protein were selected by the method of selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), and their characteristics and antiviral actions were examined. All targeting-selected aptamers formed a similar structure, forming a 5-7 base loop at the terminus. The results show that the aptamers could inhibit the GCRV infection. The most significant inhibitory effect was obsereved when the aptamers were added to the cell culture for 1 h before the cells were infected by GCRV. Our data showed that these novel molecular agents could be considered suitable candidates for anti-GCRV therapy. Received August 23, 2016; accepted February 5, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Liang
- a Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development , Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology , Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510380 , China
- b Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Xiaozhe Fu
- a Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development , Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology , Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510380 , China
- b Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Lihui Liu
- a Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development , Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology , Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510380 , China
- b Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Qiang Lin
- a Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development , Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology , Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510380 , China
- b Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Huizhi Guo
- a Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development , Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology , Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510380 , China
- b Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Yonggang Li
- a Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development , Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology , Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510380 , China
| | - JiaXu Liu
- c Guangdong Haid Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute , Guangzhou 511400 , China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- a Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development , Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology , Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510380 , China
| | - Ningqiu Li
- a Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development , Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology , Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 510380 , China
- b Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province , Wuhan 430070 , China
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14
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Li P, Zhou L, Wei J, Yu Y, Yang M, Wei S, Qin Q. Development and characterization of aptamer-based enzyme-linked apta-sorbent assay for the detection of Singapore grouper iridovirus infection. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:634-43. [PMID: 27124762 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) is a devastating aquaculture virus responsible for heavy economic losses to grouper, Epinephelus sp. aquaculture. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive detection method for SGIV infections in infected groupers. METHODS AND RESULTS We previously generated DNA aptamers against SGIV-infected cells. In this study, we established and characterized a novel aptamer (Q3)-based enzyme-linked apta-sorbent assay (ELASA) for the detection of SGIV infection in Epinephelus coioides. The Q3-based ELASA could detect SGIV infection rapidly in vitro and in vivo, with high specificity and stability. Q3-based ELASA specifically recognized SGIV-infected cells, but not other-virus-infected cells or uninfected cells. Q3-based ELASA detected SGIV infection in a dose-dependent manner at Q3 concentrations as low as 125 nmol l(-1) . The results in relation to SGIV-infected cells (5 × 10(4) ), incubation time (1 min) and incubation temperature (37°C) demonstrated that Q3-based ELASA could detect SGIV infection quickly and stably, superior to antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Q3-based ELASA could detect the presence of SGIV infection in kidney, liver and spleen samples in vivo, at dilutions of 1/50, 1/100 and 1/50 respectively. The complete detection process took 1-2 h. CONCLUSIONS Q3-based ELASA could be a useful tool for diagnosing SGIV infection. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first developed aptamer-based ELASA for detecting SGIV infection, and is widely applicable in grouper aquaculture industry in light of its rapidity, and high specificity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - M Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Generation and characterization of novel DNA aptamers against coat protein of grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV) with antiviral activities and delivery potential in grouper cells. Antiviral Res 2016; 129:104-114. [PMID: 26892075 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infected larvae and juveniles of more than 50 fish species, resulting in mortality rates of greater than 95%. However, there is no efficient method to control NNV infections. Aptamers generated by selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) are short, single-stranded nucleic acid oligomers. They display a high degree of affinity and specificity for many targets, such as viruses and viral proteins. In this study, three novel DNA aptamers (A5, A10, and B11) that specifically target the coat protein (CP) of grouper nervous necrosis virus (GNNV) were selected using SELEX. Secondary structures and minimum free energy (ΔG) predictions indicated that these aptamers could form stable, secondary stem-loop structures. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, Kd measurements, the co-localization of tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) labeled-aptamers with the CP and flow cytometry analysis revealed that these aptamers could specifically bind the CP with high (nanomolar) affinities. In addition, competition analysis suggested the aptamers shared some common CP binding sites with the anti-CP antibody. Moreover, all three aptamers did not show any cytotoxic effects in vitro or in vivo, and anti-viral analysis indicated the selected aptamers could inhibit NNV infection in vitro and in vivo. Compared with controls, mortality of GNNV-infected fish decreased by 40% and 80% after 10 days infection, when the GNNV was pre-incubated with the 1000 nM A10 and B11, respectively. TAMRA-labeled aptamers could bind to NNV virions and directly enter NNV-infected cells, suggesting they could be used as tracers to study the mechanism of viral infection, as well as for targeted therapy. This is the first time that aptamers targeting a viral protein of marine fish have been generated and characterized. These aptamers hold promise as diagnostic, therapeutic, and targeted drug delivery agents for controlling NNV infections.
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Li P, Zhou L, Yu Y, Yang M, Ni S, Wei S, Qin Q. Characterization of DNA aptamers generated against the soft-shelled turtle iridovirus with antiviral effects. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:245. [PMID: 26419355 PMCID: PMC4588899 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soft-shelled turtle iridovirus (STIV) causes severe systemic disease in farmed soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx sinensis). More efficient methods of controlling and detecting STIV infections are urgently needed. METHODS In this study, we generated eight single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers against STIV using systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). RESULTS The aptamers formed representative stem-loop secondary structures. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and fluorescent localization showed that the selected aptamers had high binding affinity for STIV. Aptamer QA-36 had the highest calculated binding affinity (K d ) of 53.8 nM. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy of cell-aptamer interactions demonstrated that QA-12 was able to recognize both STIV-infected cells and tissues with a high level of specificity. Moreover, the selected aptamers inhibited STIV infection in vitro and in vivo, with aptamer QA-36 demonstrating the greatest protective effect against STIV and inhibiting STIV infection in a dose-dependent manner. DISCUSSION We generated DNA aptamers that bound STIV with a high level of specificity, providing an alternative means for investigating STIV pathogenesis, drug development, and medical therapies for STIV infection. CONCLUSIONS These DNA aptamers may thus be suitable antiviral candidates for the control of STIV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yepin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Songwei Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shina Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
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17
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Li P, Wei S, Zhou L, Yang M, Yu Y, Wei J, Jiang G, Qin Q. Selection and characterization of novel DNA aptamers specifically recognized by Singapore grouper iridovirus-infected fish cells. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:3348-3359. [PMID: 26310792 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) is a major viral pathogen of grouper aquaculture, and has caused heavy economic losses in China and South-east Asia. In this study, we generated four ssDNA aptamers against SGIV-infected grouper spleen (GS) cells using SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) technology. Four aptamers exhibited high affinity to SGIV-infected GS cells, in particular the Q2 aptamer. Q2 had a binding affinity of 12.09 nM, the highest of the four aptamers. These aptamers also recognized SGIV-infected tissues with high levels of specificity. Protease treatment and flow cytometry analysis of SGIV-infected cells revealed that the target molecules of the Q3, Q4 and Q5 aptamers were trypsin-sensitive proteins, whilst the target molecules of Q2 might be membrane lipids or surface proteins that were not trypsin-sensitive. The generated aptamers appeared to inhibit SGIV infection in vitro. Aptamer Q2 conferred the highest levels of protection against SGIV and was able to inhibit SGIV infection in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Q2 was efficiently internalized by SGIV-infected GS cells and localized at the viral assembly sites. Our results demonstrated that the four novel aptamers we generated were specific for SGIV-infected cells and could potentially be applied as rapid molecular diagnostic test reagents or therapeutic drugs targeting SGIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shina Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Lingli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Yepin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jingguang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
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Davydova A, Vorobjeva M, Pyshnyi D, Altman S, Vlassov V, Venyaminova A. Aptamers against pathogenic microorganisms. Crit Rev Microbiol 2015; 42:847-65. [PMID: 26258445 PMCID: PMC5022137 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2015.1070115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An important current issue of modern molecular medicine and biotechnology is the search for new approaches to early diagnostic assays and adequate therapy of infectious diseases. One of the promising solutions to this problem might be a development of nucleic acid aptamers capable of interacting specifically with bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Such aptamers can be used for the specific recognition of infectious agents as well as for blocking of their functions. The present review summarizes various modern SELEX techniques used in this field, and of several currently identified aptamers against viral particles and unicellular organisms, and their applications. The prospects of applying nucleic acid aptamers for the development of novel detection systems and antibacterial and antiviral drugs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Davydova
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk , Russia and
| | - Maria Vorobjeva
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk , Russia and
| | - Dmitrii Pyshnyi
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk , Russia and
| | - Sidney Altman
- b Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology , Yale University , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Valentin Vlassov
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk , Russia and
| | - Alya Venyaminova
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences , Novosibirsk , Russia and
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20
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Liang HR, Hu GQ, Li L, Gao YW, Yang ST, Xia XZ. Aptamers targeting rabies virus-infected cells inhibit street rabies virus in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 21:432-8. [PMID: 24735817 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rabies is a viral infection of the CNS that is almost always fatal once symptoms occur. No effective treatment of the disease is available and novel antiviral strategies are urgently required. Street rabies viruses are field isolates known to be highly neurotropic. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that bind their targets with high affinity and specificity and thus have potential for use in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this study, we demonstrate that the aptamers FO24 and FO21, which target RABV-infected cells, can significantly protect mice from a lethal dose of the street rabies virus FJ strain in vivo. Groups receiving preexposure prophylaxis had higher survival rates than the groups receiving postexposure prophylaxis. When mice were inoculated with aptamers (4 nmol) for 24h by intracranial or intramuscular injection prior to intramuscular inoculation with the FJ strain, approximately 60% of the mice survived. These results indicate that the FO21 and FO24 aptamers may be used to develop preventative antiviral therapy against rabies disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ru Liang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Gui-Qiu Hu
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Ling Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yu-Wei Gao
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Song-Tao Yang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xian-Zhu Xia
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China.
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Liang HR, Hu GQ, Xue XH, Li L, Zheng XX, Gao YW, Yang ST, Xia XZ. Selection of an aptamer against rabies virus: a new class of molecules with antiviral activity. Virus Res 2014; 184:7-13. [PMID: 24486485 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rabies is a fatal central nervous system (CNS) disease caused by the neurotropic rabies virus (RABV). The therapeutic management of RABV infections is still problematic, and novel antiviral strategies are urgently required. We established the RVG-BHK-21 cell line, which expresses RABV glycoprotein on the cell surface, to select aptamers. Through 28 iterative rounds of selection, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers were generated by exponential enrichment (SELEX). A virus titer assay and a real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay revealed that four aptamers could inhibit the replication of RABV in cultured baby hamster kidney (BHK)-21 cells. However, the aptamers did not inhibit the replication of other virus, e.g., canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus (CPV). In addition, the GE54 aptamer was found to effectively protect mice against lethal RABV challenge. After inoculation with aptamers for 24h or 48h, followed by inoculation with CVS-11, approximately 25-33% of the mice survived. In summary, we selected aptamers that could significantly protect from a lethal dose of RABV in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ru Liang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Liwan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Gui-Qiu Hu
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Xue
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lu Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xue-Xing Zheng
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yu-Wei Gao
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Song-Tao Yang
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xian-Zhu Xia
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun 130062, China.
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Aptamer-based therapeutics: new approaches to combat human viral diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013; 6:1507-42. [PMID: 24287493 PMCID: PMC3873675 DOI: 10.3390/ph6121507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses replicate inside the cells of an organism and continuously evolve to contend with an ever-changing environment. Many life-threatening diseases, such as AIDS, SARS, hepatitis and some cancers, are caused by viruses. Because viruses have small genome sizes and high mutability, there is currently a lack of and an urgent need for effective treatment for many viral pathogens. One approach that has recently received much attention is aptamer-based therapeutics. Aptamer technology has high target specificity and versatility, i.e., any viral proteins could potentially be targeted. Consequently, new aptamer-based therapeutics have the potential to lead a revolution in the development of anti-infective drugs. Additionally, aptamers can potentially bind any targets and any pathogen that is theoretically amenable to rapid targeting, making aptamers invaluable tools for treating a wide range of diseases. This review will provide a broad, comprehensive overview of viral therapies that use aptamers. The aptamer selection process will be described, followed by an explanation of the potential for treating virus infection by aptamers. Recent progress and prospective use of aptamers against a large variety of human viruses, such as HIV-1, HCV, HBV, SCoV, Rabies virus, HPV, HSV and influenza virus, with particular focus on clinical development of aptamers will also be described. Finally, we will discuss the challenges of advancing antiviral aptamer therapeutics and prospects for future success.
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Zimbres FM, Tárnok A, Ulrich H, Wrenger C. Aptamers: novel molecules as diagnostic markers in bacterial and viral infections? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:731516. [PMID: 24083239 PMCID: PMC3780515 DOI: 10.1155/2013/731516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide the entire human population is at risk of infectious diseases of which a high degree is caused by pathogenic protozoans, worms, bacteria, and virus infections. Moreover the current medications against pathogenic agents are losing their efficacy due to increasing and even further spreading drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover novel diagnostic as well as therapeutic tools against infectious agents. In view of that, the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) represents a powerful technology to target selectively pathogenic factors as well as entire bacteria or viruses. SELEX uses a large combinatorial oligonucleic acid library (DNA or RNA) which is processed a by high-flux in vitro screen of iterative cycles. The selected ligands, termed aptamers, are characterized by high specificity and affinity to their target molecule, which are already exploited in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this minireview we will discuss the current status of the SELEX technique applied on bacterial and viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia M. Zimbres
- Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Attila Tárnok
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Centre Leipzig, Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine (TRM), University of Leipzig, Strümpellstraße 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carsten Wrenger
- Unit for Drug Discovery, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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