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Wang Y, Su Q, Tang H, Lin X, Yi Y, Tian Q, Luo Z, Fu M, Peng J, Zhang K. Circ-USP9X accelerates deep vein thrombosis after fracture by acting as a miR-148b-3p sponge and upregulates SRC kinase signaling inhibitor 1. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100403. [PMID: 38878321 PMCID: PMC11226750 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to elucidate the role of circUSP9X (Circular RNA Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 9 X-Linked) in the development of venous thrombosis in the lower extremities. METHODS An animal model of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and a hypoxic model of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) treated with Cobalt (II) Chloride (CoCl2) were developed. The expression levels of circUSP9X, microRNA-148b-3p (miR-148b-3p), and SRC Kinase Signaling Inhibitor 1 (SRCIN1) were quantified using quantitative reverse transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction and Western blot analysis. Cell cytotoxicity, viability, apoptosis, and inflammation in HUVECs were assessed via Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, MTT assay, flow cytometry, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, and Western blot, respectively. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining were employed for histopathological examination of the venous tissues in the animal model. The interaction between circUSP9X, miR-148b-3p, and SRCIN1 was further explored through dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA Immunoprecipitation experiments. RESULTS The present findings reveal a significant upregulation of circUSP9X and SRCIN1 and a concurrent downregulation of miR-148b-3p in DVT cases. Knockdown of circUSP9X or overexpression of miR-148b-3p ameliorated CoCl2-induced apoptosis in HUVECs, reduced LDH release, enhanced cellular viability, and mitigated inflammation. Conversely, overexpression of circUSP9X intensified CoCl2's cytotoxic effects. The effects of manipulating circUSP9X expression were counteracted by the corresponding modulation of miR-148b-3p and SRCIN1 levels. Additionally, circUSP9X knockdown effectively inhibited the formation of DVT in the mouse model. A competitive binding mechanism of circUSP9X for miR-148b-3p, modulating SRCIN1 expression, was identified. CONCLUSION circUSP9X promotes the formation of DVT through the regulation of the miR-148b-3p/SRCIN1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- YongChao Wang
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Qin Su
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - HaiRong Tang
- School of Nursing, Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - YanHua Yi
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Qiang Tian
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - ZhangFeng Luo
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - MeiChun Fu
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - JiaQi Peng
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - KeYun Zhang
- Department of Joint Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China.
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Sun LL, Liu Z, Ran F, Huang D, Zhang M, Li XQ, Li WD. Non-coding RNAs regulating endothelial progenitor cells for venous thrombosis: promising therapy and innovation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:7. [PMID: 38169418 PMCID: PMC10762949 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03621-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism, which includes deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, is the third most common vascular disease in the world and seriously threatens the lives of patients. Currently, the effect of conventional treatments on DVT is limited. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in the resolution and recanalization of DVT, but an unfavorable microenvironment reduces EPC function. Non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs, play a crucial role in improving the biological function of EPCs. Non-coding RNAs have become clinical biomarkers of diseases and are expected to serve as new targets for disease intervention. A theoretical and experimental basis for the development of new methods for preventing and treating DVT in the clinic will be provided by studies on the role and molecular mechanism of non-coding RNAs regulating EPC function in the occurrence and development of DVT. To summarize, the characteristics of venous thrombosis, the regulatory role of EPCs in venous thrombosis, and the effect of non-coding RNAs regulating EPCs on venous thrombosis are reviewed. This summary serves as a useful reference and theoretical basis for research into the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and prognosis of venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Ran
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dian Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliate Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang J, Hu X, Wang T, Xiao R, Zhu L, Ruiz M, Dupuis J, Hu Q. Extracellular vesicles in venous thromboembolism and pulmonary hypertension. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:461. [PMID: 38037042 PMCID: PMC10691137 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial disease, and pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious condition characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling leading with increased pulmonary vascular resistance, ultimately leading to right heart failure and death. Although VTE and PH have distinct primary etiologies, they share some pathophysiologic similarities such as dysfunctional vasculature and thrombosis. In both conditions there is solid evidence that EVs derived from a variety of cell types including platelets, monocytes, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells contribute to vascular endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, thrombosis, cellular activation and communications. However, the roles and importance of EVs substantially differ between studies depending on experimental conditions and parent cell origins of EVs that modify the nature of their cargo. Numerous studies have confirmed that EVs contribute to the pathophysiology of VTE and PH and increased levels of various EVs in relation with the severity of VTE and PH, confirming its potential pathophysiological role and its utility as a biomarker of disease severity and as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Dupuis
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Qinghua Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China.
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4
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Chooklin S, Chuklin S. PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS. FIZIOLOHICHNYĬ ZHURNAL 2023; 69:133-144. [DOI: 10.15407/fz69.06.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis is a frequent multifactorial disease and most of the time is triggered by the interaction between acquired risk factors, particularly immobility, and hereditary risk factors such as thrombophilias. The mechanisms underlying deep venous thrombosis are not fully elucidated; however, in recent years the role of venous flow, endothelium, platelets, leukocytes, and the interaction between inflammation and hemostasis has been determined. Alteration of venous blood flow produces endothelial activation, favoring the adhesion of platelets and leukocytes, which, through tissue factor expression and neutrophil extracellular traps formation, contribute to the activation of coagulation, trapping more cells, such as red blood cells, monocytes, eosinophils, lymphocytes. The coagulation factor XI-driven propagation phase of blood coagulation plays a major role in venous thrombus growth, but a minor role in hemostasis. In this work, the main mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis are described.
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Benítez-Camacho J, Ballesteros A, Beltrán-Camacho L, Rojas-Torres M, Rosal-Vela A, Jimenez-Palomares M, Sanchez-Gomar I, Durán-Ruiz MC. Endothelial progenitor cells as biomarkers of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:324. [PMID: 37950274 PMCID: PMC10636846 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose which can also lead to the so-called diabetic vascular complications (DVCs), responsible for most of the morbidity, hospitalizations and death registered in these patients. Currently, different approaches to prevent or reduce DM and its DVCs have focused on reducing blood sugar levels, cholesterol management or even changes in lifestyle habits. However, even the strictest glycaemic control strategies are not always sufficient to prevent the development of DVCs, which reflects the need to identify reliable biomarkers capable of predicting further vascular complications in diabetic patients. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), widely known for their potential applications in cell therapy due to their regenerative properties, may be used as differential markers in DVCs, considering that the number and functionality of these cells are affected under the pathological environments related to DM. Besides, drugs commonly used with DM patients may influence the level or behaviour of EPCs as a pleiotropic effect that could finally be decisive in the prognosis of the disease. In the current review, we have analysed the relationship between diabetes and DVCs, focusing on the potential use of EPCs as biomarkers of diabetes progression towards the development of major vascular complications. Moreover, the effects of different drugs on the number and function of EPCs have been also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Benítez-Camacho
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Ballesteros
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Lucía Beltrán-Camacho
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, Córdoba University, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Rojas-Torres
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Margarita Jimenez-Palomares
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ismael Sanchez-Gomar
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Mª Carmen Durán-Ruiz
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain.
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain.
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Henke PK, Nicklas JM, Obi A. Immune cell-mediated venous thrombus resolution. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:102268. [PMID: 38193054 PMCID: PMC10772895 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.102268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we review the current processes that govern experimental deep vein thrombus (DVT) resolution. How the human DVT resolves at the molecular and cellular level is not well known due to limited specimen availability. Experimentally, the thrombus resolution resembles wound healing, with early neutrophil-mediated actions followed by monocyte/macrophage-mediated events, including neovascularization, fibrinolysis, and eventually collagen replacement. Potential therapeutic targets are described, and coupling with site-directed approaches to mitigate off-target effects is the long-term goal. Similarly, timing of adjunctive agents to accelerate DVT resolution is an area that is only starting to be considered. There is much critical research that is needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K. Henke
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John M. Nicklas
- Department of Medicine, Brown University Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Andrea Obi
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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7
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Yu J, Jin Y, Xu C, Fang C, Zhang Z, Chen L, Xu G. Downregulation of miR-125a-5p Promotes Endothelial Progenitor Cell Migration and Angiogenesis and Alleviates Deep Vein Thrombosis in Mice Via Upregulation of MCL-1. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1664-1678. [PMID: 36738360 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to recanalization of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play regulatory roles in functions of EPCs, which is becoming a promising therapeutic choice for thrombus resolution. The main purpose of this study was to explore the effect of miR-125a-5p on EPC functions in deep vein thrombosis (DVT). EPCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with DVT. In DVT mouse models, DVT was induced by stenosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC). The levels of miR-125a-5p and myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (MCL-1) in EPCs and thrombi of DVT mice were detected by RT-qPCR. EPC migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis were estimated by Transwell assay, tube formation assay, and flow cytometry analysis. Luciferase reporter assay was utilized for detecting the binding of miR-125a-5p and MCL-1. The phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT was estimated by western blot. DVT formation in vivo was observed through hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of thrombus resolution marker, CD34 molecule (CD34), in the thrombi was measured by immunofluorescence staining. MiR-125a-5p upregulation repressed EPC migration and angiogenesis and facilitated apoptosis. MiR-125a-5p downregulation showed the opposite effect. MCL-1 was targeted and negatively regulated by miR-125a-5p. Additionally, miR-125a-5p inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway in EPCs. Inhibition of MCL-1 or PI3K/AKT pathway reversed the effect of miR-125a-5p knockdown on EPC functions. The in vivo experiments revealed that miR-125a-5p downregulation repressed thrombus formation and promoted the homing capability of EPCs to the thrombosis site, thereby alleviating DVT mice. Downregulation of miR-125a-5p promotes EPC migration and angiogenesis by upregulating MCL-1, thereby enhancing EPC homing to thrombi and facilitating thrombus resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfan Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Intervention, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 188 Guangji Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqi Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Intervention, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 188 Guangji Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Intervention, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 188 Guangji Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changwen Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Intervention, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 188 Guangji Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixuan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Intervention, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 188 Guangji Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Intervention, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 188 Guangji Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Intervention, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, 188 Guangji Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
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Marques IS, Tavares V, Neto BV, Mota INR, Pereira D, Medeiros R. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Venous Thromboembolism: Where Do We Stand? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12103. [PMID: 37569483 PMCID: PMC10418965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), a common condition in Western countries, is a cardiovascular disorder that arises due to haemostatic irregularities, which lead to thrombus generation inside veins. Even with successful treatment, the resulting disease spectrum of complications considerably affects the patient's quality of life, potentially leading to death. Cumulative data indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may have a role in VTE pathogenesis. However, the clinical usefulness of these RNAs as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for VTE management is yet unclear. Thus, this article reviewed the emerging evidence on lncRNAs associated with VTE and with the activity of the coagulation system, which has a central role in disease pathogenesis. Until now, ten lncRNAs have been implicated in VTE pathogenesis, among which MALAT1 is the one with more evidence. Meanwhile, five lncRNAs have been reported to affect the expression of TFPI2, an important anticoagulant protein, but none with a described role in VTE development. More investigation in this field is needed as lncRNAs may help dissect VTE pathways, aiding in disease prediction, prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Soares Marques
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep., Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (B.V.N.); (I.N.R.M.)
- Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Valéria Tavares
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep., Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (B.V.N.); (I.N.R.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Vieira Neto
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep., Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (B.V.N.); (I.N.R.M.)
- Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês N. R. Mota
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep., Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (B.V.N.); (I.N.R.M.)
- Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Deolinda Pereira
- Oncology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Dep., Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (B.V.N.); (I.N.R.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
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Zhang B, Qin J. LINC00659 exacerbates endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction in deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities by activating DNMT3A-mediated FGF1 promoter methylation. Thromb J 2023; 21:24. [PMID: 36890543 PMCID: PMC9996960 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00659 was markedly upregulated in the peripheral blood of patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT). However, the function of LINC00659 in lower extremity DVT (LEDVT) remains to be largely unrevealed. A total of 30 inferior vena cava (IVC) tissue samples and peripheral blood (60 ml per subject) were obtained from LEDVT patients (n = 15) and healthy donors (n = 15), and then LINC00659 expression was detected by RT-qPCR. The results displayed that LINC00659 is upregulated in IVC tissues and isolated endothelial group cells (EPCs) of patients with LEDVT. LINC00659 knock-down promoted the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis ability of EPCs, while an pcDNA-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3 (EIF4A3), a EIF4A3 overexpression vector, or fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) combined with LINC00659 siRNA could not enhance this effect. Mechanistically, LINC00659 bound with EIF4A3 promoter to upregulated EIF4A3 expression. Besides, EIF4A3 could facilitate FGF1 methylation and its downregulated expression by recruiting DNA methyltransferases 3A (DNMT3A) to the FGF1 promoter region. Additionally, LINC00659 inhibition could alleviate LEDVT in mice. In summary, the data indicated the roles of LINC00659 in the pathogenesis of LEDVT, and the LINC00659/EIF4A3/FGF1 axis could be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of LEDVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Peripheral Vessel, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jie Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710061, Shanxi, China
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10
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Zhu X, Chen B, Xu H. By modulating miR-525-5p/Bax axis, LINC00659 promotes vascular endothelial cell apoptosis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e764. [PMID: 36705418 PMCID: PMC9846115 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a vascular disease that has no effective treatment at present. Endothelial cells play a crucial role in the processes vasoconstriction, platelet activation, and blood coagulation and are an integral part of the vascular response to injury resulting in thrombus formation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the roles and mechanisms of long noncoding RNA LINC00659 (LINC00659) in endothelial cells. METHODS The functions of LINC00659 and miR-525-5p on endothelial cells were explored by cell transfection assays, and the expression levels of LINC00659, miR-525-5p, and Bax in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were assessed with reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Binding sites of LINC00659 and miR-525-5p were subsequently analyzed with bioinformatics software, and validated with dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Effects of LINC00659 and miR-525-5p on proliferation and apoptosis of HUVECs were detected with MTT (3-(45)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-35-di-phenytetrazoliumromide) assay and flow cytometry. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis were used to evaluate the mRNA and protein levels of apoptosis-related markers Bcl-2 and Bax in HUVECs. RESULTS LINC00659 directly targeted and negatively regulated miR-525-5p, and Bax was a target of miR-525-5p. Upregulation of LINC00659 could inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of HUVECs, while the silencing of LINC00659 could increase the viability of HUVECs and inhibit apoptosis via upregulating miR-525-5p. Further mechanistic studies revealed miR-525-5p could negatively regulate Bax in HUVECs, and increased the viability of HUVECs and inhibited apoptosis by downregulating Bax expression. CONCLUSION LINC00659 played an important role in DVT by regulating the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells through regulating miR-525-5p/Bax axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xizheng Zhu
- Department of Interventional RadiologyWuhan Asia General HospitalWuhanChina
| | - Beijia Chen
- Department of CardiologyFifth Hospital in WuhanWuhanChina
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Interventional RadiologyWuhan Asia General HospitalWuhanChina
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11
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Huang Y, Ge H, Wang X, Zhang X. Association Between Blood Lipid Levels and Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022; 28:10760296221121282. [PMID: 36189865 PMCID: PMC9530559 DOI: 10.1177/10760296221121282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectsTo investigate the potential clinical significance between
blood lipid levels and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT).
Methods: This cohort study included 500 participants, contains
246 patients with LEDVT and 254 patients without LEDVT. The characteristics
including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), disease course, ill position, smoking
history, history of current illness, drug administration were collected. And
blood lipid levels and other clinical parameters including triglyceride (TG),
total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low
density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1),
apolipoprotein B (ApoB), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),
thromboplastin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), and fibrinogen (FIB),
neutrophils (NEUT), platelet (PLT), lymphocyte count (LY) were observed.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied. In the
present study we particularly focused on the potential associations between
blood lipid levels and LEDVT. Results: The risk of LEDVT in
participants with HDL-C levels of 0.965 to 1.14 mmol/L, 1.14 to 1.36 mmol/L, and
>1.36 mmol/L were 0.366, 0.183, 0.203 times than in controls
(<0.965 mmol/L), respectively. Compared to individuals with ApoA1
<1.06 mmol/L, individuals with ApoA1 levels of 1.06 to 1.22 mmol/L, 1.22 to
1.38 mmol/L, and >1.38 mmol/L were related to a decreased risk of LEDVT. The
risk of LEDVT in patients with TG levels of 0.985 to 1.37 mmol/L, 1.37 to
1.91 mmol/L, and >1.91 mmol/L were 2.243, 2.224, and 2.540 times higher than
that of those with TG <0.985 mmol/L, respectively. The risk of LEDVT in
subjects with 4.57< TC <5.17 mmol/L was 0.471-fold than that of those with
TC <3.97 mmol/L. Conclusion: The present study indicates that
higher levesl of HDL-C and ApoA1 could be associated with a decreased risk of
LEDVT, while higher TG levels might be associated with an increased risk of
LEDVT. In addition, within the normal range, high TC levels were associated with
decreased risk of LEDVT. These findings may help clinicals to identify early and
treat those patients with a high-risk of LEDVT at proper time, which could
improve patients’ life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow
University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Ge
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow
University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow
University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow
University, Changzhou, China,Xiaoying Zhang, Department of
Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,
Changzhou, 213003, China.
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12
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Feng Y, Lei B, Zhang H, Niu L, Li X, Luo X, Zhang F. Long noncoding RNA TUG1 induces angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells and dissolution of deep vein thrombosis. Thromb J 2022; 20:54. [PMID: 36163177 PMCID: PMC9511754 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) essentially controls many physiological and pathological processes of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Based on that, lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1)-involved angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and dissolution of DVT was explored. Methods In the in-vitro experiments, EPCs were engineered with mimic, inhibitor, siRNA, and plasmid, after which tube formation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were checked. In the in-vivo experiments, a DVT mouse model was established. Before the DVT operation, the mice were injected with agomir, antagomir, siRNA, and plasmid. Subsequently, thrombosis and damage to the femoral vein were pathologically evaluated. TUG1, miR-92a-3p, and 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (Hmgcr) expression in the femoral vein was tested. The relationship between TUG1, miR-92a-3p, and Hmgcr was validated. Results DVT mice showed suppressed TUG1 and Hmgcr expression, and elevated miR-92a-3p expression. In EPCs, TUG1 overexpression or miR-92a-3p inhibition promoted cellular angiogenesis, whereas Hmgcr silencing blocked cellular angiogenesis. In DVT mice, elevated TUG1 or inhibited miR-92a-3p suppressed thrombosis and damage to the femoral vein whilst Hmgcr knockdown acted oppositely. In both cellular and animal models, TUG1 overexpression-induced effects could be mitigated by miR-92a-3p up-regulation. Mechanically, TUG1 interacted with miR-92a-3p to regulate Hmgcr expression. Conclusion Evidently, TUG1 promotes the angiogenesis of EPCs and dissolution of DVT via the interplay with miR-92a-3p and Hmgcr. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12959-022-00413-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Feng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Anesthesia Department, Beijing Haidian Maternal & Child Health Hospital, No. 33 Haidian South Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100080, China.
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Luyuan Niu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xiangtao Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xiaoyun Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Fuxian Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
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13
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MicroRNA-136-5p from Endothelial Progenitor Cells-released Extracellular Vesicles Mediates TXNIP to Promote the Dissolution of Deep Venous Thrombosis. Shock 2022; 57:714-721. [PMID: 35583913 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial progenitor cells-released extracellular vesicles (EPCs-EVs) have previously been reported to promote the dissolution of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) through delivery of microRNA (miR). Given that, this research was projected to search the relative action of EPCs-EVs transferring of miR-136-5p in DVT. METHODS From EPCs transfected with miR-136-5p agomir or antagomir, EVs were extracted and then injected into DVT mice. Meanwhile, based on the treatment with EPCs-EVs loading miR-136-5p antagomir, silenced thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) lentivirus was injected into DVT mice to perform the rescue experiments. Afterwards, the length and weight of venous thrombosis, EPC apoptosis and inflammatory factors, plasmin, fibrinogen, and thrombin-antithrombin were measured. miR-136-5p and TXNIP expression in DVT mice, and their targeting relationship were evaluated. RESULTS miR-136-5p expression was suppressed and TXNIP expression was elevated in DVT mice. EPCs-EV reduced the length and weight of venous thrombosis, suppressed cell apoptosis and inflammatory reaction, as well as elevated level of plasmin, and reduced levels of fibrinogen and thrombin-antithrombin in DVT mice. Restored miR-136-5p loaded by EPCs-EV further attenuated DVT but EPCs-EV transfer of depleted miR-136-5p resulted in the opposite consequences. miR-136-5p targeted TXNIP and silenced TXNIP rescued the effect of EPCs-EV transfer of depleted miR-136-5p on DVT. CONCLUSION miR-136-5p from EPCs-EV suppresses TXNIP expression to reduce the thrombus size in DVT, offering a promising treatment target for DVT.
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Post-COVID-19 patients show an increased endothelial progenitor cell production. Transl Res 2022; 243:14-20. [PMID: 35085821 PMCID: PMC8785258 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the cause of COVID-19, has generated a global emergency. The endothelium is a target of SARS-CoV-2, generating endothelial dysfunction, an essential step for the development of cardiovascular complications. The number of endothelial progenitor cells acts as an indicator of vascular damage. However, its role in SARS-CoV-2 is unknown. The aim of this study was to quantify the number of endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) and assess for the first time if there is a significant increase after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study also evaluates whether the number of ECFC is related to the presence of pulmonary embolism (PE), and if this increase correlates with any of the clinical parameters studied. A total of 63 subjects were recruited including 32 subjects 3-months after overcoming COVID-19 and 31 healthy controls. The results confirm the presence of vascular sequelae in post-COVID-19 patients, with an abnormal increase in the number of ECFCs in blood circulation compared to controls (2.81 ± 2.33 vs 1.23 ± 1.86, P = 0.001). There was no difference in ECFC production in COVID-19 who presented acute PE compared to those that did not (3.21 ± 2.49 vs 2.50 ± 2.23, P > 0.05). The appearance of ECFC colonies in COVID-19 patients was significantly related to male gender (P = 0.003), the presence of systemic hypertension (P = 0.01) and elevated hemoglobin levels (P = 0.02) at the time of ECFC isolation and lower PaO2 levels (P = 0.01) at admission. Whether these results indicate a prompt response of the patient to repair the damaged endothelium or reflect a postinfection injury that will persist in time is not known.
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Key Words
- 6mwt, 6-minute walk test
- ace-2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- bmi, body mass index
- crp, c-reactive protein
- dd, dimer-d
- dlco, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity
- dlp, dyslipidemia
- dm, diabetes mellitus
- ecfc, endothelial colony forming cell
- epc, endothelial progenitor cell
- epo, erythropoietin
- fev, forced expiratory volume
- fib, fibrinogen
- fvc, forced vital capacity
- hb, hemoglobin
- hta, arterial hypertension
- htc, hematocrit
- ldh, lactate dehydrogenase
- lym, lymphocytes
- mf, maximum ferritin
- pao2, partial pressure of oxygen
- pbmc's, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- pe, pulmonary embolism
- rv, residual volume
- tlc, total lung capacity
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Navarrete S, Solar C, Tapia R, Pereira J, Fuentes E, Palomo I. Pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis. Clin Exp Med 2022:10.1007/s10238-022-00829-w. [PMID: 35471714 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00829-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis is a frequent, multifactorial disease and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Most of the time deep venous thrombosis is triggered by the interaction between acquired risk factors, such as hip fracture, pregnancy, and immobility, and hereditary risk factors such as thrombophilias. The mechanisms underlying deep venous thrombosis are not fully elucidated; however, in recent years, important advances have shed light on the role of venous flow, endothelium, platelets, leukocytes, and the interaction between inflammation and hemostasis. It has been described that the alteration of venous blood flow produces endothelial activation, favoring the adhesion of platelets and leukocytes, which, through tissue factor expression and neutrophil extracellular traps formation, contribute to the activation of coagulation, trapping more cells, such as red blood cells. Thus, the concerted interaction of these phenomena allows the formation and growth of the thrombus. In this work, the main mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simón Navarrete
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Carla Solar
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Jaime Pereira
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000, Talca, Chile.
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Beltrán-Camacho L, Eslava-Alcón S, Rojas-Torres M, Sánchez-Morillo D, Martinez-Nicolás MP, Martín-Bermejo V, de la Torre IG, Berrocoso E, Moreno JA, Moreno-Luna R, Durán-Ruiz MC. The serum of COVID-19 asymptomatic patients up-regulates proteins related to endothelial dysfunction and viral response in circulating angiogenic cells ex-vivo. Mol Med 2022; 28:40. [PMID: 35397534 PMCID: PMC8994070 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00465-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has already caused 6 million deaths worldwide. While asymptomatic individuals are responsible of many potential transmissions, the difficulty to identify and isolate them at the high peak of infection constitutes still a real challenge. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 provokes severe vascular damage and thromboembolic events in critical COVID-19 patients, deriving in many related deaths and long-hauler symptoms. Understanding how these processes are triggered as well as the potential long-term sequelae, even in asymptomatic individuals, becomes essential.
Methods We have evaluated, by application of a proteomics-based quantitative approach, the effect of serum from COVID-19 asymptomatic individuals over circulating angiogenic cells (CACs). Healthy CACs were incubated ex-vivo with the serum of either COVID-19 negative (PCR −/IgG −, n:8) or COVID-19 positive asymptomatic donors, at different infective stages: PCR +/IgG − (n:8) and PCR −/IgG + (n:8). Also, a label free quantitative approach was applied to identify and quantify protein differences between these serums. Finally, machine learning algorithms were applied to validate the differential protein patterns in CACs.
Results Our results confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 promotes changes at the protein level in the serum of infected asymptomatic individuals, mainly correlated with altered coagulation and inflammatory processes (Fibrinogen, Von Willebrand Factor, Thrombospondin-1). At the cellular level, proteins like ICAM-1, TLR2 or Ezrin/Radixin were only up-regulated in CACs treated with the serum of asymptomatic patients at the highest peak of infection (PCR + /IgG −), but not with the serum of PCR −/IgG + individuals. Several proteins stood out as significantly discriminating markers in CACs in response to PCR or IgG + serums. Many of these proteins particiArticle title: Kindly check and confirm the edit made in the article
title.pate in the initial endothelial response against the virus. Conclusions The ex vivo incubation of CACs with the serum of asymptomatic COVID-19 donors at different stages of infection promoted protein changes representative of the endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response after viral infection, together with activation of the coagulation process. The current approach constitutes an optimal model to study the response of vascular cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and an alternative platform to test potential inhibitors targeting either the virus entry pathway or the immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00465-w.
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Upregulated miR-206 Aggravates Deep Vein Thrombosis by Regulating GJA1-Mediated Autophagy of Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:9966306. [PMID: 35360546 PMCID: PMC8956392 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9966306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the third most prevalent vascular disease worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play regulatory roles in functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which is becoming a promising therapeutic choice for thrombus resolution. Nevertheless, the role of miR-206 in EPCs is unclear. Methods EPCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with DVT. In DVT mouse models, DVT was induced by stenosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC). The levels of miR-206 and gap junction protein alpha 1 (GJA1) in EPCs and vascular tissues of DVT mice were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were tested by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell assay, flow cytometry analysis, and in vitro tube formation assay. The levels of autophagy-related proteins as well as the level of GJA1 in EPCs and vascular tissues were evaluated by western blotting. DVT formation in vivo was observed through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of thrombus resolution markers, CD34 molecule (CD34) and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), in the thrombi was measured by immunofluorescence staining. Results miR-206 overexpression inhibited proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis and promoted apoptosis of EPCs, while miR-206 knockdown exerted an opposite effect on EPC phenotypes. Downregulation of GJA1, the target of miR-206, abolished the influence of miR-206 on EPC phenotypes. Furthermore, silencing of miR-206 suppressed the autophagy of EPCs via upregulating GJA1. miR-206 knockdown repressed thrombus formation, enhanced the homing ability of EPCs to the thrombosis site, and facilitated thrombus resolution in DVT mouse models. Additionally, miR-206 was upregulated while GJA1 was downregulated in vascular tissues of DVT mice. miR-206 knockdown elevated GJA1 expression in vascular tissues of DVT mice. The expression of miR-206 was negatively correlated with that of GJA1 in DVT mice. Conclusion miR-206 knockdown upregulates GJA1 to inhibit autophagy of EPCs and then promote EPC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, thereby enhancing EPC homing to thrombi and facilitating thrombus resolution.
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Hsa_circ_0001020 accelerates the lower extremity deep vein thrombosis via sponging miR-29c-3p to promote MDM2 expression. Thromb Res 2022; 211:38-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu RS, Li B, Li WD, Du XL, Li XQ. miRNA-130 Promotes Migration and Angiogenesis of Endothelial Progenitor Cells Through PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathways. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
<sec> <title>Aim:</title> In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of miRNA-130a in human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) involved in Deep vein thrombosis (DVT). </sec> <sec> <title>Methods:</title>
EPCs were isolated and identified by cell morphology and surface marker detection. The effect of miR-130a on the migration, invasion and angiogenesis of EPCs in vitro were also detected. In addition, whether miR-130a is involved in the MMP-1 expression and Akt/PI3K/mTOR signaling
pathway was also demonstrated. </sec> <sec> <title>Results:</title> Results suggested that miRNA-130a promotes migration, invasion, and tube formation of EPCs by positively regulating the expression of MMP-1 through Akt/PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway.
</sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion:</title> Thus, as a potential therapeutic target, miRNA-130a may play an important role in the treatment of DVT. </sec>
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Sheng Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, JS 512, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, JS 512, China
| | - Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, JS 25, China
| | - Xiao-Long Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, JS 25, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, JS 512, China
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Liao L, Zhou M, Wang J, Xue X, Deng Y, Zhao X, Peng C, Li Y. Identification of the Antithrombotic Mechanism of Leonurine in Adrenalin Hydrochloride-Induced Thrombosis in Zebrafish via Regulating Oxidative Stress and Coagulation Cascade. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:742954. [PMID: 34803688 PMCID: PMC8600049 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.742954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is a general pathological phenomenon during severe disturbances to homeostasis, which plays an essential role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Leonurine (LEO), isolated from Leonurus japonicus Houtt, showes a crucial role in anticoagulation and vasodilatation. However, the properties and therapeutic mechanisms of this effect have not yet been systematically elucidated. Therefore, the antithrombotic effect of LEO was investigated in this study. Hematoxylin-Eosin staining was used to detect the thrombosis of zebrafish tail. Fluorescence probe was used to detect the reactive oxygen species. The biochemical indexes related to oxidative stress (lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione) and vasodilator factor (endothelin-1 and nitric oxide) were analyzed by specific commercial assay kits. Besides, we detected the expression of related genes (fga, fgb, fgg, pkcα, pkcβ, vwf, f2) and proteins (PI3K, phospho-PI3K, Akt, phospho-Akt, ERK, phospho-ERK FIB) related to the anticoagulation and fibrinolytic system by quantitative reverse transcription and western blot. Beyond that, metabolomic analyses were carried out to identify the expressions of metabolites associated with the anti-thrombosis mechanism of LEO. Our in vivo experimental results showed that LEO could improve the oxidative stress injury, abnormal platelet aggregation and coagulation dysfunction induced by adrenalin hydrochloride. Moreover, LEO restored the modulation of amino acids and inositol metabolites which are reported to alleviate the thrombus formation. Collectively, LEO attenuates adrenalin hydrochloride-induced thrombosis partly via modulating oxidative stress, coagulation cascade and platelet activation and amino acid and inositol metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingtao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
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Zhang H, Luo H, Tang B, Chen Y, Fu J, Sun J. Endothelial progenitor cells overexpressing platelet derived growth factor-D facilitate deep vein thrombosis resolution. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 53:750-760. [PMID: 34669127 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-021-02567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To assess the therapeutic efficacy of PDGF-D-overexpressing endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in deep vein thrombosis. Inferior vena cava thrombosis was induced in female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Animals were injected via the distal vena cava with EPCs overexpressing PDGF-D after transfection with a lentiviral vector containing the PDGF-D gene. The effect on thrombosis in animals who received EPCs was evaluated using MSB staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and venography; the steady-state mRNA and protein levels of PDGF-D and its receptor (PDGF-Rβ) were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively; and the PDGF-D-induced mobilization of circulating EPCs was estimated by flow cytology. Compared with controls, injection of EPCs overexpressing PDGF-D was associated with increased thrombosis resolution; recanalization; PDGF-D and PDGF-Rβ expression; induction of monocyte homing; and mobilization of EPCs to the venous circulation. In a rat model, transplantation of PDGF-D-overexpressing EPCs facilitated the resolution of deep vein thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolong Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hailong Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Yikuan Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jian Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jianming Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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22
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Zhao H, He Y. The Inhibitory Effect of Lysophosphatidylcholine on Proangiogenesis of Human CD34 + Cells Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:682367. [PMID: 34179086 PMCID: PMC8223510 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.682367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence reveals that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is closely related to endothelial dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of LPC in inhibiting the proangiogenesis and vascular inflammation of human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from CD34+ cells. The early EPCs were derived from CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells whose purity was identified using flow cytometry analysis. The surface markers (CD34, KDR, CD31; VE-cadherin, vWF, eNOS) of EPCs were examined by flow cytometry analysis and immunofluorescence. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (CCL2, IL-8, CCL4) and genes associated with angiogenesis (VEGF, ANG-1, ANG-2) in early EPCs after treatment of LPC (10 μg/ml) or phosphatidylcholine (PC, 10 μg/ml, control). The angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) incubated with the supernatants of early EPCs was detected by a tube formation assay. The mRNA and protein levels of key factors on the PKC pathway (phosphorylated PKC, TGF-β1) were measured by RT-qPCR and western blot. The localization of PKC-β1 in EPCs was determined by immunofluorescence staining. We found that LPC suppressed the expression of CCL2, CCL4, ANG-1, ANG-2, promoted IL-8 expression and had no significant effects on VEGF expression in EPCs. EPCs promoted the angiogenesis of HUVECs, which was significantly inhibited by LPC treatment. Moreover, LPC was demonstrated to promote the activation of the PKC signaling pathway in EPCs. In conclusion, LPC inhibits proangiogenesis of human endothelial progenitor cells derived from CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Zhao
- Department of Pain, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhui He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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23
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Jin L, Hong N, Ai X, Wang J, Li Z, Han Z, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Sun K. LncRNAs as Therapeutic Targets for Autophagy-involved Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review of Molecular Mechanism and T herapy Strategy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1796-1814. [PMID: 32196441 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200320161835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide. The concept of precision medicine in CVD therapy today requires the incorporation of individual genetic and environmental variability to achieve personalized disease prevention and tailored treatment. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation process, has been demonstrated to be essential in the pathogenesis of various CVDs. Nonetheless, there have been no effective treatments for autophagy- involved CVDs. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding RNA sequences that play versatile roles in autophagy regulation, but much needs to be explored about the relationship between lncRNAs and autophagy-involved CVDs. SUMMARY Increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs contribute considerably to modulate autophagy in the context of CVDs. In this review, we first summarize the current knowledge of the role lncRNAs play in cardiovascular autophagy and autophagy-involved CVDs. Then, recent developments of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) designed to target lncRNAs to specifically modulate autophagy in diseased hearts and vessels are discussed, focusing primarily on structure-activity relationships of distinct chemical modifications and relevant clinical trials. PERSPECTIVE ASOs are promising in cardiovascular drug innovation. We hope that future studies of lncRNA-based therapies would overcome existing technical limitations and help people who suffer from autophagy-involved CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Jin
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Nanchao Hong
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuefeng Ai
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhuoyan Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenyuan Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
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24
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Gao L, Chen M, Li F. MiR-222-3p downregulation prompted the migration, invasion and recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells via ADIPOR1 expression increase-induced AMKP activation. Microvasc Res 2021; 135:104134. [PMID: 33428882 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical data show that aneurysm rupture causes high mortality in aged men. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were reported to regulate endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) which play a vital role in repairing endothelial damage and maintaining vascular integrity. This study identified a novel miRNA regulator for the functions of EPCs in aneurysm repair. METHODS Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) model was established on Sprague-Dawley rats which later underwent antagomiR-222 treatment. The histopathological changes of AAA rats were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Flow cytometry was performed to quantify EPCs in peripheral blood and identify EPCs isolated from the rat femur. The potential target of miR-222-3p was predicted by TargetScan v7.2 and validated by Dual-luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-222-3p and ADIPOR1 on the migration, invasion and tube formation of EPCs were evaluated by wound healing, Transwell and tube formation assays. The expressions of miR-222-3p and ADIPOR1 in aortic aneurysm tissues and EPCs were assessed by qRT-PCR or Western blot. RESULTS AAA exhibited histopathological abnormality, a decreased number of EPCs in the peripheral blood and an increased miR-222-3p expression. AntagomiR-222 injection reversed all these phenomena in AAA rats. Upregulating miR-222-3p expression inhibited the migration, invasion, and tube formation of EPCs, and the expressions of ADIPOR1 and phosphorylated-AMKP, while downregulating miR-222-3p expression exerted opposite effects in EPCs. ADIPOR1 was identified as a target gene of miR-222-3p. Overexpressing ADIPOR1 abrogated the effects of miR-222-3p upregulation on EPCs. CONCLUSION Downregulated miR-222-3p prompted the migration, invasion and recruitment of EPCs by targeting ADIPOR1-induced AMKP activation.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Animals
- Antagomirs/genetics
- Antagomirs/metabolism
- Aorta, Abdominal/enzymology
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/enzymology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells/enzymology
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells/pathology
- Enzyme Activation
- Humans
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Phosphorylation
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Adiponectin/genetics
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mingxiang Chen
- Department of Heart and Vascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Disease Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Shuanghu Branch Road, Huixing Street, Yubei District, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Fuping Li
- Department of Heart and Vascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Disease Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Shuanghu Branch Road, Huixing Street, Yubei District, Chongqing 401120, China.
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25
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Down-regulation of miR-361-5p promotes the viability, migration and tube formation of endothelial progenitor cells via targeting FGF1. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226529. [PMID: 32985665 PMCID: PMC7569154 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantion of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may be a novel treatment for deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The present study probed into the role of microRNA (miR)-361-5p in EPCs and DVT recanalization. EPCs were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and identified using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The viability, migration and tube formation of EPCs were examined using MTT assay, wound-healing assay and tube formation assay, respectively. Target gene and potential binding sites between miR-361-5p and fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) were predicted by StarBase and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Relative expressions of miR-361-5p and FGF1 were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot as needed. A DVT model in SD rats was established to investigate the role of EPC with miR-361-5p antagomir in DVT by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining. EPC was identified as 87.1% positive for cluster of difference (CD)31, 2.17% positive for CD133, 85.6% positive for von Willebrand factor (vWF) and 94.8% positive for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2). MiR-361-5p antagomir promoted proliferation, migration and tube formation of EPCs and up-regulated FGF1 expression, thereby dissolving thrombus in the vein of DVT rats. FGF1 was the target of miR-361-5p, and overexpressed FGF1 reversed the effects of up-regulating miR-361-5p on suppressing EPCs. Down-regulation of miR-361-5p enhanced thrombus resolution in vivo and promoted EPC viability, migration and angiogenesis in vitro through targeting FGF1. Therefore, miR-361-5p may be a potential therapeutic target for DVT recanalization.
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26
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Chioh FW, Fong SW, Young BE, Wu KX, Siau A, Krishnan S, Chan YH, Carissimo G, Teo LL, Gao F, Tan RS, Zhong L, Koh AS, Tan SY, Tambyah PA, Renia L, Ng LF, Lye DC, Cheung C. Convalescent COVID-19 patients are susceptible to endothelial dysfunction due to persistent immune activation. eLife 2021; 10:64909. [PMID: 33752798 PMCID: PMC7987341 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous reports of vascular events after an initial recovery from COVID-19 form our impetus to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on vascular health of recovered patients. We found elevated levels of circulating endothelial cells (CECs), a biomarker of vascular injury, in COVID-19 convalescents compared to healthy controls. In particular, those with pre-existing conditions (e.g., hypertension, diabetes) had more pronounced endothelial activation hallmarks than non-COVID-19 patients with matched cardiovascular risk. Several proinflammatory and activated T lymphocyte-associated cytokines sustained from acute infection to recovery phase, which correlated positively with CEC measures, implicating cytokine-driven endothelial dysfunction. Notably, we found higher frequency of effector T cells in our COVID-19 convalescents compared to healthy controls. The activation markers detected on CECs mapped to counter receptors found primarily on cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, raising the possibility of cytotoxic effector cells targeting activated endothelial cells. Clinical trials in preventive therapy for post-COVID-19 vascular complications may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Wj Chioh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew-Wai Fong
- A*STAR ID Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barnaby E Young
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kan-Xing Wu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anthony Siau
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuba Krishnan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yi-Hao Chan
- A*STAR ID Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guillaume Carissimo
- A*STAR ID Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Louis Ly Teo
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fei Gao
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ru San Tan
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Zhong
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela S Koh
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seow-Yen Tan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul A Tambyah
- Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Laurent Renia
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,A*STAR ID Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lisa Fp Ng
- A*STAR ID Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David C Lye
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christine Cheung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
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27
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A novel rationale for targeting FXI: Insights from the hemostatic microRNA targetome for emerging anticoagulant strategies. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 218:107676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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MiR-143-3p targets ATG2B to inhibit autophagy and promote endothelial progenitor cells tube formation in deep vein thrombosis. Tissue Cell 2020; 67:101453. [PMID: 33130456 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common disease in vascular surgery. In recent study, microRNA (miRNA) plays a regulatory role in function of Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which showed promising therapeutic choice for DVT. However, the function of miR-143-3p in EPCs remains incomplete. Flow cytometry was used to identify EPCs surface markers. Cell viability, migration, invasion and tube formation of EPCs were detected by 3-[4,5-dimethylthylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium broide (MTT), wound healing, transwell and tube formation assay, respectively. TargetScan was used to predict miR-143-3p targeting genes. Dual-luciferase report assay was used to verify the interactions between miR-143-3p and autophagy-related 2B (ATG2B). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the mRNA expression levels of ATG2B and miR-143-3p. Western blot was used to examine the protein expression levels of ATG2B, LC3 and p62. The cultured EPCs showed cobblestone morphology and were identified by cell surface markers. Overexpression of miR-143-3p enhanced the viability, migration, invasion and tube formation of EPCs, but low expression of miR-143-3p obtained the reverse results. ATG2B directly bound to miR-143-3p. Overexpression of miR-143-3p reduced the expression of ATG2B, but low expression of miR-143-3p increased. Overexpression of miR-143-3p decreased the expression of LC3I/II, but increased the expression of p62. Overexpression of ATG2B reversed the above-mentioned effects of EPCs which regulated by overexpression of miR-143-3p. MiR-143-3p targets ATG2B to modulate the function of EPCs and recanalization and resolution of DVT.
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29
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Zhu J, Sun LL, Li WD, Li XQ. Clarification of the Role of miR-9 in the Angiogenesis, Migration, and Autophagy of Endothelial Progenitor Cells Through RNA Sequence Analysis. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720963936. [PMID: 33028108 PMCID: PMC7784562 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720963936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that miR-9 promotes the homing, proliferation, and angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by targeting transient receptor potential melastatin 7 via the AKT autophagy pathway. In this way, miR-9 promotes thrombolysis and recanalization following deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, the influence of miR-9 on messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles of EPCs remains unclear. The current study comprises a comprehensive exploration of the mechanisms underlying the miR-9-regulated angiogenesis of EPCs and highlights potential treatment strategies for DVT. We performed RNA sequence analysis, which revealed that 4068 mRNAs were differentially expressed between EPCs overexpressing miR-9 and the negative control group, of which 1894 were upregulated and 2174 were downregulated. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses indicated that these mRNAs were mainly involved in regulating cell proliferation/migration processes/pathways and the autophagy pathway, both of which represent potential EPC-based treatment strategies for DVT. Reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction confirmed the changes in mRNA expression related to EPC angiogenesis, migration, and autophagy. We also demonstrate that miR-9 promotes EPC migration and angiogenesis by regulating FGF5 directly or indirectly. In summary, miR-9 enhances the expression of VEGFA, FGF5, FGF12, MMP2, MMP7, MMP10, MMP11, MMP24, and ATG7, which influences EPC migration, angiogenesis, and autophagy. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of the miR-9-regulated mRNA expression in EPCs and highlight potential targets for the development of new therapeutic interventions for DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 105860The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 105860The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, 105860The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
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30
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Endothelial progenitor cells as the target for cardiovascular disease prediction, personalized prevention, and treatments: progressing beyond the state-of-the-art. EPMA J 2020; 11:629-643. [PMID: 33240451 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated by the leading mortalities of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), various types of cardiovascular biomaterials have been widely investigated in the past few decades. Although great therapeutic effects can be achieved by bare metal stents (BMS) and drug-eluting stents (DES) within months or years, the long-term complications such as late thrombosis and restenosis have limited their further applications. It is well accepted that rapid endothelialization is a promising approach to eliminate these complications. Convincing evidence has shown that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) could be mobilized into the damaged vascular sites systemically and achieve endothelial repair in situ, which significantly contributes to the re-endothelialization process. Therefore, how to effectively capture EPCs via specific molecules immobilized on biomaterials is an important point to achieve rapid endothelialization. Further, in the context of predictive, preventive, personalized medicine (PPPM), the abnormal number alteration of EPCs in circulating blood and certain inflammation responses can also serve as important indicators for predicting and preventing early cardiovascular disease. In this contribution, we mainly focused on the following sections: the definition and classification of EPCs, the mechanisms of EPCs in treating CVDs, the potential diagnostic role of EPCs in predicting CVDs, as well as the main strategies for cardiovascular biomaterials to capture EPCs.
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31
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Du B, Wang J, Zang S, Mao X, Du Y. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 suppresses the proliferation and migration of endothelial progenitor cells in deep vein thrombosis by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3138-3146. [PMID: 32855682 PMCID: PMC7444359 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the most common circulating vascular diseases with an incidence of ~0.1% worldwide. Although anticoagulant medication remains to be the main therapeutic approach for patients with DVT, existing thrombus and pulmonary embolisms still pose as a threat to patient life. Therefore, effective targeted therapies need to be developed and studies are required to improve understanding of this condition. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) originate from the bone marrow, are located in the peripheral blood and are involved in thrombus resolution. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that are >200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs are associated with the development of numerous vascular diseases. Among these lncRNAs, metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is downregulated in human atherosclerotic plaques. Furthermore, MALAT1 polymorphism resulted in vascular disease in Chinese populations. In the present study, the expression profile and potential functions of MALAT1 in DVT were investigated. The results revealed that MALAT1 was upregulated in DVT tissues. Furthermore, MALAT1 was able to regulate the biological behaviors of EPCs, including proliferation, migration, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a promising downstream target of MALAT1 in DVT. The changes in biological behaviors in EPCs caused by silenced MALAT1 were reversed by inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In summary, the data indicated the roles of MALAT1 in the pathogenesis of DVT, and the MALAT1/Wnt/β-catenin axis could be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Zang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Xin Mao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Yaming Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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32
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Metformin inhibits angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells via miR-221-mediated p27 expression and autophagy. Future Med Chem 2020; 11:2263-2272. [PMID: 31581911 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the underlying mechanisms of metformin on the angiogenic capacity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Results: EPC growth and miR-221 expression decreased concentration-dependence with metformin, and a negative correlation was observed between miR-221 expression and metformin concentration (p < 0.001). miR-221 overexpression using a mimic decreased the metformin-mediated angiogenic effects in EPCs (p < 0.01). Metformin increased p27 and LC3II expression and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, and decreased p62 expression, while miR-221 overexpression reversed the effects of metformin. Additionally, AMPK inhibition by compound C reversed the increase in p27 and LC3II levels and AMPK phosphorylation or miR-221 siRNA treatment. Conclusion: Metformin inhibits the angiogenic capacity of EPCs. The underlying mechanism involves AMPK-mediated autophagy pathway activity and increases miR-221-mediated p27 expression.
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Predicting the Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism: Current Challenges and Future Opportunities. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051582. [PMID: 32456008 PMCID: PMC7290951 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a commonly diagnosed condition and requires treatment with anticoagulation to reduce the risk of embolisation as well as recurrent venous thrombotic events. In many cases, cessation of anticoagulation is associated with an unacceptably high risk of recurrent VTE, precipitating the use of indefinite anticoagulation. In contrast, however, continuing anticoagulation is associated with increased major bleeding events. As a consequence, it is essential to accurately predict the subgroup of patients who have the highest probability of experiencing recurrent VTE, so that treatment can be appropriately tailored to each individual. To this end, the development of clinical prediction models has aided in calculating the risk of recurrent thrombotic events; however, there are several limitations with regards to routine use for all patients with acute VTE. More recently, focus has shifted towards the utility of novel biomarkers in the understanding of disease pathogenesis as well as their application in predicting recurrent VTE. Below, we review the current strategies used to predict the development of recurrent VTE, with emphasis on the application of several promising novel biomarkers in this field.
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Jankowska KI, Sauna ZE, Atreya CD. Role of microRNAs in Hemophilia and Thrombosis in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103598. [PMID: 32443696 PMCID: PMC7279366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) play an important role in gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by targeting the untranslated regions of messenger RNA (mRNAs). These small RNAs have been shown to control cellular physiological processes including cell differentiation and proliferation. Dysregulation of miRNAs have been associated with numerous diseases. In the past few years miRNAs have emerged as potential biopharmaceuticals and the first miRNA-based therapies have entered clinical trials. Our recent studies suggest that miRNAs may also play an important role in the pathology of genetic diseases that are currently considered to be solely due to mutations in the coding sequence. For instance, among hemophilia A patients there exist a small subset, with normal wildtype genes; i.e., lacking in mutations in the coding and non-coding regions of the F8 gene. Similarly, in many patients with missense mutations in the F8 gene, the genetic defect does not fully explain the severity of the disease. Dysregulation of miRNAs that target mRNAs encoding coagulation factors have been shown to disturb gene expression. Alterations in protein levels involved in the coagulation cascade mediated by miRNAs could lead to bleeding disorders or thrombosis. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in hemophilia and thrombosis. Recognizing and understanding the functions of miRNAs by identifying their targets is important in identifying their roles in health and diseases. Successful basic research may result in the development and improvement of tools for diagnosis, risk evaluation or even new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna I. Jankowska
- OBRR/DBCD/LCH in the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA;
| | - Zuben E. Sauna
- OTAT/DPPT/HB in the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA;
| | - Chintamani D. Atreya
- OBRR/DBCD/LCH in the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Nicklas JM, Gordon AE, Henke PK. Resolution of Deep Venous Thrombosis: Proposed Immune Paradigms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2080. [PMID: 32197363 PMCID: PMC7139924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a pathology encompassing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) associated with high morbidity and mortality. Because patients often present after a thrombus has already formed, the mechanisms that drive DVT resolution are being investigated in search of treatment. Herein, we review the current literature, including the molecular mechanisms of fibrinolysis and collagenolysis, as well as the critical cellular roles of macrophages, neutrophils, and endothelial cells. We propose two general models for the operation of the immune system in the context of venous thrombosis. In early thrombus resolution, neutrophil influx stabilizes the tissue through NETosis. Meanwhile, macrophages and intact neutrophils recognize the extracellular DNA by the TLR9 receptor and induce fibrosis, a complimentary stabilization method. At later stages of resolution, pro-inflammatory macrophages police the thrombus for pathogens, a role supported by both T-cells and mast cells. Once they verify sterility, these macrophages transform into their pro-resolving phenotype. Endothelial cells both coat the stabilized thrombus, a necessary early step, and can undergo an endothelial-mesenchymal transition, which impedes DVT resolution. Several of these interactions hold promise for future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter K. Henke
- School of Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.M.N.); (A.E.G.)
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Gutmann C, Siow R, Gwozdz AM, Saha P, Smith A. Reactive Oxygen Species in Venous Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1918. [PMID: 32168908 PMCID: PMC7139897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have physiological roles as second messengers, but can also exert detrimental modifications on DNA, proteins and lipids if resulting from enhanced generation or reduced antioxidant defense (oxidative stress). Venous thrombus (DVT) formation and resolution are influenced by ROS through modulation of the coagulation, fibrinolysis, proteolysis and the complement system, as well as the regulation of effector cells such as platelets, endothelial cells, erythrocytes, neutrophils, mast cells, monocytes and fibroblasts. Many conditions that carry an elevated risk of venous thrombosis, such as the Antiphospholipid Syndrome, have alterations in their redox homeostasis. Dietary and pharmacological antioxidants can modulate several important processes involved in DVT formation, but their overall effect is unknown and there are no recommendations regarding their use. The development of novel antioxidant treatments that aim to abrogate the formation of DVT or promote its resolution will depend on the identification of targets that enable ROS modulation confined to their site of interest in order to prevent off-target effects on physiological redox mechanisms. Subgroups of patients with increased systemic oxidative stress might benefit from unspecific antioxidant treatment, but more clinical studies are needed to bring clarity to this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Gutmann
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK;
| | - Richard Siow
- Vascular Biology & Inflammation Section, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation of Research Excellence, King’s College London, SE1 9NH, UK;
| | - Adam M. Gwozdz
- Academic Department of Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.M.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Prakash Saha
- Academic Department of Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.M.G.); (P.S.)
| | - Alberto Smith
- Academic Department of Surgery, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (A.M.G.); (P.S.)
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Sun LL, Lei FR, Jiang XD, Du XL, Xiao L, Li WD, Li XQ. LncRNA GUSBP5-AS promotes EPC migration and angiogenesis and deep vein thrombosis resolution by regulating FGF2 and MMP2/9 through the miR-223-3p/FOXO1/Akt pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4506-4526. [PMID: 32156832 PMCID: PMC7093182 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in multitudinous physiological and pathological processes, including vascular disease. We previously showed that lncRNA GUSBP5-AS (enst00000511042) is upregulated in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) of deep veni thrombosis (DVT) patients. Here, we investigate the role and mechanism of GUSBP5-AS in EPCs and DVT. Using the DVT model, we found that GUSBP5-AS significantly reduced the thrombus size and weight and enhanced the homing ability of EPC to DVT sites to promote resolution and recanalization of thrombus. GUSBP5-AS promoted cell cycle progression, proliferation, migration and invasion in EPCs, enhanced EPC angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, and inhibited apoptosis. Strikingly, this study showed that GUSBP5-AS was unbalanced and modulated Forkhead Box Protein O1 (FOXO1) in EPCs in patients with DVT by interacting with miR-223-3p. Mechanistically, GUSBP5-AS functions as a sponge of miR-223-3p, which targets FOXO1. Both GUSBP5-AS knockdown and miR-223-3p overexpression remarkably inhibited angiogenesis, migration and invasion in EPCs. Additionally, our data suggested that GUSBP-AS activated the Akt pathway and enhanced fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 (MMP2/9) and F-actin expression. Taken together, this study indicates that GUSBP5-AS modulates angiogenesis, proliferation and homing ability of EPCs via regulating FGF2 and MMP2/9 expression through the miR-223-3p/FOXO1/Akt pathway, which may provide a new direction for the development of DVT therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng-Rui Lei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu-Dong Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Long Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lun Xiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhou DM, Sun LL, Zhu J, Chen B, Li XQ, Li WD. MiR-9 promotes angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cell to facilitate thrombi recanalization via targeting TRPM7 through PI3K/Akt/autophagy pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4624-4632. [PMID: 32147957 PMCID: PMC7176881 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic choice for thrombi recanalization. However, this role of EPCs is confined by some detrimental factors. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the miR‐9‐5p in regulation of the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of EPCs and the subsequent therapeutic role in thrombosis event. Wound healing, transwell assay, tube formation assay and in vivo angiogenesis assay were carried out to measure cell migration, invasion and angiogenic abilities, respectively. Western blot was performed to elucidate the relationship between miR‐9‐5p and TRPM7 in the autophagy pathway. It was found that miR‐9‐5p could promote migration, invasion and angiogenesis of EPCs by attenuating TRPM7 expression via activating PI3K/Akt/autophagy pathway. In conclusion, miR‐9‐5p, targets TRPM7 via the PI3K/Ak/autophagy pathway, thereby mediating cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in EPCs. Acting as a potential therapeutic target, miR‐9‐5p may play an important role in the prognosis of DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ming Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Bradbury C, Buckley T, Sun YZ, Rose P, Fitzmaurice D. Patients with high levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) following at least three months of anticoagulation for unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) are at low risk of recurrent VTE-Results from the ExACT randomised controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine 2019; 17:100218. [PMID: 31891148 PMCID: PMC6933150 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is clinical need for a laboratory biomarker to identify patients who, following an unprovoked venous thrombosis (VTE), are at low VTE recurrence risk and can discontinue anticoagulation after a limited treatment duration (3-6 m). This secondary analysis of the ExACT study aimed to evaluate whether quantitation of peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) could improve prediction of VTE recurrence risk. METHODS The ExACT study was a non-blinded, multicentre RCT comparing extended vs discontinued anticoagulation following a first unprovoked VTE. Adult patients were eligible if they had completed ≥3 months anticoagulation and remained anticoagulated. The primary outcome was time to first recurrent VTE from randomisation. Blood samples were taken at baseline and results correlated with clinical outcome over 2 years follow up. (Trial registration: ISRCTN:73819751 and EUDRACT:2101-022119-20). FINDINGS 281 patients were recruited, randomised (between July 2011 and February 2015) and followed up for 24 months (Male:Female 2:1, mean age 63). Of these, 273 patients were included in the final analysis. Blood samples were received at baseline for Full Blood Count(n = 216), d-dimers(n = 205) and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) quantitation by flow cytometry(n = 193). VTE recurrence was lower in the extended vs discontinued anticoagulation arms (5% vs 23%, HR 0.20(95%CI:0.09-0.46,p < 0.001)). Level of EPCs were lower in patients who later developed VTE recurrence (43.41 ± 7.69 cells/ml vs 87.1 ± 7.15 cells/ml, p = 0.02). Survival free from VTE recurrence was significantly improved in patients with EPCs ≥ 100 cells/ml vs EPCs < 100 cells/ml (HR 0.10(95%CI:0.01-0.75,p = 0.025)). INTERPRETATION If confirmed, EPC quantitation may represent a novel biomarker that identifies patients at low VTE recurrence risk who are suitable for limited duration anticoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bradbury
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
- University Hospitals Bristol, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.
| | | | | | - Peter Rose
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, United Kingdom
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Sun LL, Xiao L, Du XL, Hong L, Li CL, Jiao J, Li WD, Li XQ. MiR-205 promotes endothelial progenitor cell angiogenesis and deep vein thrombosis recanalization and resolution by targeting PTEN to regulate Akt/autophagy pathway and MMP2 expression. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8493-8504. [PMID: 31633295 PMCID: PMC6850951 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (MiRNAs, MiRs) represent a class of conserved small non-coding RNAs that affect post-transcriptional gene regulation and play a vital role in angiogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. They are essential for a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, especially for vascular diseases. However, data concerning miRNAs in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remain incomplete. We explored miRNAs that modulate angiogenesis in EPCs and thrombolysis, and analysed their underlying mechanisms using a DVT model, dual-luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis, CCK-8 assay, angiogenesis assay, wound healing and Transwell assay. We found that miR-205 enhanced the homing ability of EPCs to DVT sites and promoted thrombosis resolution and recanalization, which significantly reduced venous thrombus. Additionally, we demonstrated that miR-205 overexpression significantly enhanced angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro, migration, invasion, F-actin filaments and proliferation in EPCs, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Conversely, down-regulation of miR-205 played the opposite role in EPCs. Importantly, this study demonstrated that miR-205 directly targeted PTEN to modulate the Akt/autophagy pathway and MMP2 expression, subsequently playing a key role in EPC function and DVT recanalization and resolution. These results elucidated the pro-angiogenesis effects of miR-205 in EPCs and established it as a potential target for DVT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lun Xiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Long Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Hong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Long Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Jiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fengyang County People's Hospital, Chuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Lu Z, Wang S, Zhu X, Yuan X, Zhan Y, Li Y, Wang W. Resveratrol Induces Endothelial Progenitor Cells Angiogenesis via MiR-542-3p by Targeting Angiopoietin-2 and Involves in Recanalization of Venous Thrombosis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7675-7683. [PMID: 31606730 PMCID: PMC6807528 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in therapeutic angiogenesis. Besides, resveratrol (RSV) exerts many pharmacological functions in regulation of cell function. Furthermore, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered to be of great significance in biological process. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of RSV on EPCs and its potential mechanism that involved in recanalization of venous thrombosis. Material/Methods EPCs were treated with RSV, and angiogenic functions was evaluated by tube formation and migration assays. miR-542-3p expression level in EPCs was assessed and exogenously modified. Bioinformatic analysis was applied to detect the potential target of miR-542-3p. Effects of RSV treatment in vivo venous thrombosis rat model were evaluated. Results RSV enhanced angiogenic function of EPCs and decreased expression of miR-542-3p. Dual luciferase reporter gene and western blot results confirmed angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) was a direct target of miR-542-3p. It was found that inhibition of miR-542-3p contributed to angiogenesis of EPCs and elevated ANGPT2 protein level. Finally, in a rat model of venous thrombosis, RSV-treated EPCs promoted recanalization of thrombi. Conclusions We demonstrated that RSV can contribute to progenitor cells angiogenesis via miR-542-3p by targeting ANGPT2, subsequently enhanced recanalization of thrombi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Shuanhu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Xingyang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yanqing Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
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MiR-150 promotes angiogensis and proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells in deep venous thrombosis by targeting SRCIN1. Microvasc Res 2019; 123:35-41. [PMID: 30315850 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is the third most common cardiovascular disease. miR-150 is one of important microRNAs which play critical role in various cellular function such as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In this study, we investigate the effect of miR-150 on EPCs function ex vivo and thrombus resolution in vivo. We determined miR-150 expression in EPCs isolated from DVT patients and control subjects by RT-PCR. Potential target of miR-150 was confirmed by bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter respectively. The angiogenesis and proliferation were tested by MTT and tube formation assay. A murine model of venous thrombosis was developed as in vivo model. Finally, the effect of miR-150 on EPCs with inferior venous thrombosis were evaluated in vivo. Our data showed that miR-150 was downregulated in EPCs from DVT patients. By using miR-150 agomir and antagomir, we found that miR-150 promoted angiogenesis and proliferation of EPCs. Bioinformatics analysis revealed SRCIN1 as a target of miR-150 and SRCIN1 knockdown inhibited function of EPCs. Forced expression of miR-150 contributed thrombus resolution in a murine model of venous thrombosis. In general, miR-150 was downregulated in EPCs from DVT. Upregulation of miR-150 promoted angiogenesis and proliferation of EPCs by targeting SRCIN1 in vitro and thrombus resolution in vivo.
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Li WD, Zhou DM, Sun LL, Xiao L, Liu Z, Zhou M, Wang WB, Li XQ. LncRNA WTAPP1 Promotes Migration and Angiogenesis of Endothelial Progenitor Cells via MMP1 Through MicroRNA 3120 and Akt/PI3K/Autophagy Pathways. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1863-1874. [PMID: 30171660 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing University Medical School; Nanjing JiangSu People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Ming Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing University Medical School; Nanjing JiangSu People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou JiangSu People's Republic of China
| | - Lun Xiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing University Medical School; Nanjing JiangSu People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing University Medical School; Nanjing JiangSu People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing University Medical School; Nanjing JiangSu People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery; The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; HeFei People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing University Medical School; Nanjing JiangSu People's Republic of China
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Sun J, Zhang Z, Ma T, Yang Z, Zhang J, Liu X, Lu D, Shen Z, Yang J, Meng Q. Endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes, loaded with miR-126, promoted deep vein thrombosis resolution and recanalization. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:223. [PMID: 30139377 PMCID: PMC6107966 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is caused by blood clotting in the deep veins. Thrombosis resolution and recanalization can be accelerated by endothelial progenitor cells. In this report, we investigated the effects of miR-126-loaded EPC-derived exosomes (miR-126-Exo) on EPCs function and venous thrombus resolution. Methods In vitro promotional effect of miR-126-Exo on the migration and tube incorporation ability of EPCs was investigated via transwell assay and tube formation assay. In addition, a mouse venous thrombosis model was constructed and treated with miR-126-Exo to clarify the therapeutic effect of miR-126-Exo by histological analysis. Lastly, this study predicted a target gene of miR-126 using target prediction algorithms and confirmed it by luciferase activity assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. Results Transwell assay and tube formation assay indicated that miR-126-Exo could enhance the migration and tube incorporation ability of EPCs. Moreover, in vivo study manifested enhanced thrombus organization and recanalization after miR-126-Exo treatment. Meanwhile, we identified that Protocadherin 7 as a target gene of miR-126. Conclusions To sum up, our results demonstrated that EPC-derived exosomes loaded with miR-126 significantly promoted thrombus resolution in an animal model of venous thrombosis, indicating exosomes as a promising potential vehicle carrying therapeutic molecules for DVT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Ziying Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Da Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294, Alabama, USA. .,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Qingyou Meng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China. .,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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45
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Human cancer cells suppress behaviors of endothelial progenitor cells through miR-21 targeting IL6R. Microvasc Res 2018; 120:21-28. [PMID: 29777792 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a severe clinical process and has a high rate of fatality. Cancer patients have a high incidence rate of venous thrombosis complication and increase the mortality of cancer patients for 2-8 times. The mechanisms involved in human cancers and venous thrombosis remains unclear. In this study, we determined miR-21 expressed higher in human breast cancer, colon cancer and hepatocellular cancer tissues compared with normal tissues and expressed higher in exosomes of breast cancer and hepatocellular cancer cell lines compared with normal cells. MiR-21 dramatically suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which performed promoting role in thrombus repairment and resolution. High levels of miR-21 in exosomes of human cancers dramatically inhibited behaviors of EPCs, and depletion of miR-21 abrogated the decreased proliferation, migration and invasion of EPCs induced by human cancer cells. Moreover, IL6R (interleukin 6 receptor) was identified to be a direct target of miR-21 and promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion of EPCs. Therefore, the miR-21-IL6R pathway contributed to behaviors of EPCs and consequently mediated the vein thrombosis in patients with cancer. MiR-21-IL6R pathway based therapeutic methods would be beneficial to decrease the complicated venous thrombosis in cancer patients and promote thrombus resolution.
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Jiang Z, Ma J, Wang Q, Wu F, Ping J, Ming L. Circulating microRNA expression and their target genes in deep vein thrombosis: A systematic review and bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9330. [PMID: 29390402 PMCID: PMC5815814 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, D-dimer is the only established biomarker for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, low specificity discounts its diagnostic value. Several publications have illustrated the differentially expressed circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and their potential diagnostic values for DVT patients. Therefore, we systematically evaluated present researches and further performed bioinformatics analysis, to provide new insights into the diagnosis and underlying mechanisms of miRNAs in DVT. METHODS Databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched from January 2000 to April 2017. Articles on circulating miRNAs expression in DVT were retrieved and reference lists were handpicked. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted for further evaluation. RESULTS Eventually, the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this study were met by 3 articles, which consisted of 13 specially expressed miRNAs and 149 putative target genes. Two representative KEGG pathways, vascular endothelial growth factor and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway, seemed to participate in the regulatory network of thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS Despite the potential diagnostic value and regulation effect, the results of circulating miRNAs used as biomarkers for DVT are not so encouraging. More in-depth and larger sample investigations are needed to explore the diagnostic and therapeutic values of miRNAs for DVT.
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Wen Y, Yang H, Liu Y, Liu Q, Wang A, Ding Y, Jin Z. Evaluation of BMMSCs-EPCs sheets for repairing alveolar bone defects in ovariectomized rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16568. [PMID: 29185450 PMCID: PMC5707386 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) - endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), BMMSCs and EPCs sheets have on repairing maxillary alveolar defects in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. In this study, after identification using multi-lineage differentiation and flow cytometry, BMMSCs and EPCs were isolated from female rats. The BMMSCs-EPCs, BMMSCs and EPCs sheets were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and qRT-PCR. Defects were created in maxillary alveoli and repaired with BMMSCs-EPCs, BMMSCs and EPCs sheets in OVX rats. The repair effects were determined by histological staining and micro-CT analysis at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. We aim to clarify whether BMMSCs-EPCs sheets are more effective in repairing alveolar bone defects than are BMMSCs and EPCs sheets in OVX rats. The results show that the osteogenic potential and the effect of bone repair are greater in the BMMSCs-EPCs sheet group and that this group has a higher ability to repair alveolar bone defects in OVX rats. These results suggest that BMMSCs-EPCs sheets have potential in clinical applications for treating humans with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hongxu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Axian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zuolin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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48
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Detection of intrathrombotic endothelial progenitor cells and its application to thrombus age estimation in a murine deep vein thrombosis model. Int J Legal Med 2017; 131:1633-1638. [PMID: 28828642 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1668-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), a newly identified cell type, are bone marrow-derived progenitor cells that co-express stem cell markers and Flk-1 (one of the receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor). In this study, double-color immunofluorescence analysis was performed using anti-CD34 and anti-Flk-1 antibodies in order to examine the time-dependent intrathrombotic appearance of EPCs, using the thrombi of DVT model mice with different thrombus ages (1-21 days). In thrombus cross-section specimens with an age of less than 3 days, CD34+/Flk-1+ EPCs were not detected. EPCs were initially observed in wounds aged 5 days, and their number was increased in thrombi with the advance of thrombus ages. The number of EPCs was the largest in the 10-day thrombus. Moreover, all 15 samples aged 7-14 days had an EPC number of more than 10, and, in 9 of them, the number of intrathrombotic EPCs was over 20. In contrast, in all thrombus samples aged 21 days, the number of intrathrombotic EPCs was less than 20. However, in three of them, the intrathrombotic EPC number was ≥ 10. These observations suggested that an intrathrombotic EPC number exceeding 20 would indicate a thrombus age of approximately 7-14 days.
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Li WD, Li NP, Song DD, Rong JJ, Qian AM, Li XQ. Metformin inhibits endothelial progenitor cell migration by decreasing matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, via the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1262-1268. [PMID: 28339020 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of metformin on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) migration and to explore the possible mechanisms. EPCs were treated with metformin, and the migration of EPCs was evaluated by wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays. We also examined the expression levels of of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in EPCs with or without metformin treatment via RT-PCR and western blot analysis, and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in EPCs under different conditions was examined by zymography. Moreover, we also assessed the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway to explore the possible mechanisms. Metformin treatment significantly downregulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expression, and subsequently decreased the migration of EPCs. Increased levels of phosphorylated (p)-AMPK and LC3II expression, as well as decreased levels of p-mTOR and p62 contributed to this phenomenon. The AMPK inhibitor compound C reversed the effect exerted by metformin. In conclusion, our results showed that metformin inhibited the migration of EPCs by decreasing MMP-2 and MMP-9. The AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway was demonstrated to be involved in the regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Neng-Ping Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Song
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jie Rong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Min Qian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
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50
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MicroRNA-195 regulates proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and autophagy of endothelial progenitor cells by targeting GABARAPL1. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160139. [PMID: 27623937 PMCID: PMC5064457 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common type of venous thrombosis. Successful resolution of DVT-related thrombi is important in the treatment of DVT. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic choice for DVT-related thrombus resolution; however, the clinical application of EPCs faces many challenges. In the present study, the expression of miR-582, miR-195 and miR-532 under hypoxic or normoxic conditions was measured using quantitative real-time PCR analysis (qRT-PCR) and the results showed that the increased fold of miR-195 was highest in human EPCs (hEPCs) under hypoxic conditions. Then the role and regulating mechanism of miR-195 in improving the function of EPCs was investigated. To investigate the effect of miR-195 inhibition on the autophagy of hEPCs, the expression of the autophagy-related genes LC3B and beclin1 was examined using western blotting, and the formation of autophagosomes was observed using TEM. The results indicated that the inhibition of miR-195 expression could promote autophagy of hEPCs. In addition, we investigated the role of miR-195 on the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of hEPCs under hypoxia. The results revealed that miR-195 inhibition promotes cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of hEPCs under hypoxia. Furthermore, GABA type A receptor associated protein like 1 (GABARAPL1) was identified as a directed target of miR-195 and GABARAPL1 silencing could decrease the effect of miR-195 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and autophagy of hEPCs under hypoxia. Together, these results indicate that miR-195 regulates cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and autophagy of hEPCs by targeting GABARAPL1.
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