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Nalladiyil A, Sughosh P, Babu GLS, Ramaswami S. Landfill leachate treatment using fungi and fungal enzymes: a review. Biodegradation 2024; 35:225-247. [PMID: 37688749 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate raises a huge risk to human health and the environment as it contains a high concentration of organic and inorganic contaminants, heavy metals, ammonia, and refractory substances. Among leachate treatment techniques, the biological methods are more environmentally benign and less expensive than the physical-chemical treatment methods. Over the last few years, fungal-based treatment processes have become popular due to their ability to produce powerful oxidative enzymes like peroxidases and laccases. Fungi have shown better removal efficiency in terms of color, ammonia, and COD. However, their use in the treatment of leachate is relatively recent and still needs to be investigated. This review article assesses the potential of fungi and fungal-derived enzymes in treating landfill leachate. The review also compares different enzymes involved in the fungal catabolism of organic pollutants and the enzyme degradation mechanisms. The effect of parameters like pH, temperature, contact time, dosage variation, heavy metals and ammonia are discussed. The paper also explores the reactor configuration used in the fungal treatment and the techniques used to improve leachate treatment efficacy, like pretreatment and fungi immobilisation. Finally, the review summarises the limitations and the future direction of work required to adapt the fungal application for leachate treatment on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusree Nalladiyil
- Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
| | - P Sughosh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - G L Sivakumar Babu
- Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Sreenivasan Ramaswami
- Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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2
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Yin W, Li Y, Xu W, Bao Y, Zhu J, Su X, Han J, Chen C, Lin H, Sun F. Unveiling long-term combined effect of salinity and Lead(II) on anammox activity and microbial community dynamics in saline wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 402:130767. [PMID: 38692373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The study assessed the effect of salinity and lead (Pb(II)) on the anammox sludge for nitrogen removal from saline wastewater. Results showed decreased nitrogen removal and specific anammox activity (SAA) with elevated salinity and Pb(II). SAA reduced from 541.3 ± 4.3 mg N g-1 VSS d-1 at 0.5 mg/L Pb(II) to 436.0 ± 0.2 mg N g-1 VSS d-1 at 30 g/L NaCl, further to 303.6 ± 7.1 mg N g-1 VSS d-1 under 30 g/L NaCl + 0.5 mg/L Pb(II). Notably, the combined inhibition at salinity (15-20 g/L NaCl) and Pb(II) (0.3-0.4 mg/L) exhibited synergistic effect, while higher salinity and Pb(II) aligned with independent inhibition models. Combined inhibition decreased protein/polysaccharides ratio, indicating more severe negative effect on anammox aggregation capacity. Metagenomics confirmed decreased Candidatus Kuenenia, and enhanced denitrification under elevated salinity and Pb(II) conditions. This study offers insights into anammox operation for treating saline wastewater with heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yilin Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yibin Bao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaomei Su
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jie Han
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Chongjun Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Faqian Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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3
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Zhao L, Lu Y, Yang J, Kong W, Xing M, Zhang Y. Dynamic changes in dissolved organic matter during transport of landfill leachate in porous medium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:38385-38398. [PMID: 38802615 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The dynamic changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM) during the transport of landfill leachate (LL) in porous medium should be explored, considering the high levels of DOM in the LL of municipal solid waste. Column experiments were carried out at 25 °C at a Darcy's flux of 0.29 cm/h for 2722 h to compare the transport of Cl-, ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV254), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the simulated porous medium by using the CXTFIT2.1 code. Results showed that the convection-dispersion equation (CDE) could describe Cl- transport well. The high levels of λ and D could be highly correlated with the physicochemical properties of the porous medium. The transport of the studied DOM with evident aromatic character could be described appropriately by the CDE model with the first-order reaction assumption, considering the similar variation trends of UV254, COD, and DOC in the effluent during experiments. Specifically, the values of retardation factor (R) were in the following order: DOC > UV254 > COD, whereas the low values of the first-order decay coefficient (k1) for DOC and COD were still higher than that for UV254. High contents of humic-like substances in the DOM with complex toxic components resulted in the natural low removal efficiencies of COD, DOC, and UV254 (≤ 23%), which could be confirmed by the variations of fluorescence index (FI) and humification index (HIX) in the effluent. The results should be helpful in evaluating the environmental risk induced by the LL leakage in a landfill site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Technology for Coal Mine Water Hazard, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Yucan Lu
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Technology for Coal Mine Water Hazard, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Weifang Kong
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Technology for Coal Mine Water Hazard, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Mingfei Xing
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
| | - Yiyang Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
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Zhao S, Zheng Q, Wang H, Fan X. Nitrogen in landfills: Sources, environmental impacts and novel treatment approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171725. [PMID: 38492604 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) accumulation in landfills is a pressing environmental concern due to its diverse sources and significant environmental impacts. However, there is relatively limited attention and research focus on N in landfills as it is overshadowed by other more prominent pollutants. This study comprehensively examines the sources of N in landfills, including food waste contributing to 390 million tons of N annually, industrial discharges, and sewage treatment plant effluents. The environmental impacts of N in landfills are primarily manifested in N2O emissions and leachate with high N concentrations. To address these challenges, this study presents various mitigation and management strategies, including N2O reduction measures and novel NH4+ removal techniques, such as electrochemical technologies, membrane separation processes, algae-based process, and other advanced oxidation processes. However, a more in-depth understanding of the complexities of N cycling in landfills is required, due to the lack of long-term monitoring data and the presence of intricate interactions and feedback mechanisms. To ultimately achieve optimized N management and minimized adverse environmental impacts in landfill settings, future prospects should emphasize advancements in monitoring and modeling technologies, enhanced understanding of microbial ecology, implementation of circular economy principles, application of innovative treatment technologies, and comprehensive landfill design and planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhao
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qiteng Zheng
- College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xinyao Fan
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
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Esmaeili Nasrabadi A, Ramavandi B, Bonyadi Z, Farjadfard S, Fattahi M. Landfill leachates as a significant source for emerging pollutants of phthalic acid esters: Identification, occurrence, characteristics, fate, and transport. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141873. [PMID: 38593958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are byproducts released from various sources, including microplastics, cosmetics, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, waxes, inks, detergents, and insecticides. This review article provides an overview of the literature on PAEs in landfill leachates, exploring their identification, occurrence, characteristics, fate, and transport in landfills across different countries. The study emphasizes the influence of these substances on the environment, especially on water and soil. Various analytical techniques, such as GC-MS, GC-FID, and HPLC, are commonly employed to quantify concentrations of PAEs. Studies show significant variations in levels of PAEs among different countries, with the highest concentration observed in landfill leachates in Brazil, followed by Iran. Among the different types of PAE, the survey highlights DEHP as the most concentrated PAE in the leachate, with a concentration of 89.6 μg/L. The review also discusses the levels of other types of PAEs. The data shows that DBP has the highest concentration at 6.8 mg/kg, while DOP has the lowest concentration (0.04 mg/kg). The concentration of PAEs typically decreases as the depth in the soil profile increases. In older landfills, concentrations of PAE decrease significantly, possibly due to long-term degradation and conversion of PAE into other chemical compounds. Future research should prioritize evaluating the effectiveness of landfill liners and waste management practices in preventing the release of PAE and other pollutants into the environment. It is also possible to focus on developing efficient physical, biological, and chemical methods for removing PAEs from landfill leachates. Additionally, the effectiveness of existing treatment processes in removing PAEs from landfill leachates and the necessity for new treatment processes can be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Esmaeili Nasrabadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Ziaeddin Bonyadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Sima Farjadfard
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Fattahi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
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6
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Folino A, Gentili E, Komilis D, Calabrò PS. A 35-year monitoring of an Italian landfill: Effect of recirculation of reverse osmosis concentrate on leachate characteristics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170234. [PMID: 38246370 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
"Fossetto" landfill (Monsummano Terme - Tuscany, Italy) started operation in 1988 as a controlled landfill accepting mixed municipal solid waste collected without any attempt of recycling. Then, progressively, following the evolution of the state-of-the-art, it adopted biogas extraction and valorisation systems and mechanical-biological treatment for incoming waste (both since 2003). Finally, since 2006, in the plant is performed on-site reverse osmosis leachate treatment with the concentrated leachate being recirculated back into the landfill body. Recently a new landfill cell, separate from the others, was put in operation adding a capacity of 200,000 m3 to the already available 1,095,000 m3. This plant can provide long term leachate composition data to study the evolution and impact of changing landfill technology and waste composition on various parameters. The rise in leachate production (+84 % in 2018-2022 respect to the period before recirculation) cannot be totally attributable to recirculation but could be also linked to the increase in the amount of landfilled waste. The concentration of certain parameters (NH4+, Cl- and to a less extent of COD) increased (+60 %, +58 %, +17 % respectively in the last five years with respect to the period before recirculation); however, this increase did not influence the performance of the treatment plant. Nevertheless, the overall leachate management would benefit from an optimized reinjection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Folino
- Department of Civil, Energy, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, via Zehender - loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - E Gentili
- CMSA Cooperativa Muratori Sterratori e Affini, Via L. Ariosto 3, 51016 Montecatini Terme, PT, Italy
| | - D Komilis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, GR 671 32 Xanthi, Greece
| | - P S Calabrò
- Department of Civil, Energy, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, via Zehender - loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
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7
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Dhiman S, Khanna K, Kour J, Singh AD, Bhardwaj T, Devi K, Sharma N, Kumar V, Bhardwaj R. Landfill bacteriology: Role in waste bioprocessing elevated landfill gaseselimination and heat management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120364. [PMID: 38387351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the critical role of microbial ecosystems in landfills, which are pivotal for handling municipal solid waste (MSW). Within these landfills, a complex interplay of several microorganisms (aerobic/anaerobic bacteria, archaea or methanotrophs), drives the conversion of complex substrates into simplified compounds and complete mineralization into the water, inorganic salts, and gases, including biofuel methane gas. These landfills have dominant biotic and abiotic environments where various bacterial, archaeal, and fungal groups evolve and interact to decompose substrate by enabling hydrolytic, fermentative, and methanogenic processes. Each landfill consists of diverse bio-geochemical environments with complex microbial populations, ranging from deeply underground anaerobic methanogenic systems to near-surface aerobic systems. These kinds of landfill generate leachates which in turn emerged as a significant risk to the surrounding because generated leachates are rich in toxic organic/inorganic components, heavy metals, minerals, ammonia and xenobiotics. In addition to this, microbial communities in a landfill ecosystem could not be accurately identified using lab microbial-culturing methods alone because most of the landfill's microorganisms cannot grow on a culture medium. Due to these reasons, research on landfills microbiome has flourished which has been characterized by a change from a culture-dependent approach to a more sophisticated use of molecular techniques like Sanger Sequencing and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). These sequencing techniques have completely revolutionized the identification and analysis of these diverse microbial communities. This review underscores the significance of microbial functions in waste decomposition, gas management, and heat control in landfills. It further explores how modern sequencing technologies have transformed our approach to studying these complex ecosystems, offering deeper insights into their taxonomic composition and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Dhiman
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India; Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar, 144001, Punjab, India
| | - Jaspreet Kour
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Arun Dev Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Tamanna Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kamini Devi
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Neerja Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women, Gandhi Nagar, Jammu 180004, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
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8
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Duan S, Peng L, Chen W, Kwakye KK, Zhou K, Teng C. Spectroscopic insights into the binding characteristics of heavy metals to dissolved organic matter in landfill leachate. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141433. [PMID: 38342146 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is produced in the process of sanitary landfilling, which contains significant amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and heavy metal contaminants. Insights into the interactions between heavy metals and DOM in landfill leachate are beneficial for the understanding of heavy metal fates and optimization of landfill leachate treatment. In this work, the coherent structural changes of landfill leachate DOM during binding with various heavy metals were explored through the integration of molecular spectroscopic methods with chemometrics and statistic correlation analyses. The results indicate that protein substances, phenolic and discrete carboxyl groups in landfill leachate DOM were involved in the complexation with heavy metals, resulting in the formation of conjugated macromolecules/aggregates with high aromaticity and molecular weight/size. The fluorescent protein-like, fulvic acid-like, and humic-like fractions in DOM were engaged in the interaction, which were closely related to phenolic-like and carboxylic-like structure. Compared to membrane concentrates DOM, raw leachate DOM exhibited a higher binding affinity to heavy metals (especially for Cu2+, whilst the weakest was Cd2+). The integrated approach provides useful information in elucidating the binding processes of metals with landfill leachate DOM, including site heterogeneity, binding strength and functional group sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzi Duan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Li Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Kim Kofi Kwakye
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Kanggen Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chunying Teng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China.
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Aftab B, Yin G, Maqbool T, Hur J, Wang J. Enhanced landfill leachate treatment performance by adsorption-assisted membrane distillation. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121036. [PMID: 38134858 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling and high-strength membrane concentrate production are two limitations of membrane distillation (MD) for landfill leachate treatment. In this study, activated carbon- and biochar-based adsorption processes were integrated into a conventional MD system to overcome these limitations. The organic matter fractionations of the leachate were thoroughly investigated during the treatment. Membrane-reversible and irreversible foulants differed remarkably from the inlet leachate in the non-assisted MD system. Specifically, reversible foulants were characterized by a high abundance of humic-like fluorescent components, high-molecular-weight humic-size constituents, peptides, and unsaturated compounds. In contrast, irreversible foulants were enriched with fulvic-like fluorescent components, low-molecular-weight neutrals, unsaturated compounds, and polyphenols. The adsorption-based pre-treatment effectively removed foulant precursors from landfill leachate, with a relatively higher (20%) adsorption performance for specific biochar used in this study than for activated carbon. Compared with the non-assisted MD system, the biochar-assisted MD system showed improved performance, achieving 40% overall membrane flux recovery, 42% higher filtration fluxes, and 53% lower concentrate production. In addition, a 15% higher removal of irreversible foulants was observed as compared to the reversible foulants, which can potentially increase the membrane lifespan. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of an adsorption-assisted MD system supported by increased filtration, membrane fouling alleviation, and low-strength leachate concentrate generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Aftab
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Gege Yin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Tahir Maqbool
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Junjian Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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10
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Cai S, Zhou S, Wang Q, Cheng J, Zeng B. Assessment of metal pollution and effects of physicochemical factors on soil microbial communities around a landfill. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115968. [PMID: 38218107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties, chemical fractions of six metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Mn), and microbial communities of soil around a typical sanitary landfill were analyzed. The results indicate that soils around the landfill were from neutral to weak alkalinity. The contents of organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), and activities of catalase, cellulase, and urease were significantly higher in landfill soils than those in background soils. Negative correlations were found between pH and metals. Cr was the dominant metal. Cu, Pb, Cr, and Mn were accumulated in the nearby farmland soils. Cd had the highest percentage of exchangeable fraction (33.7%-51.8%) in landfill and farmland soils, suggesting a high bioavailability to the soil environment affected by the landfill. Pb, Cr, and Mn existed mostly in oxidable fraction, and Cu and Zn were dominant in residual fraction. There was a low risk of soil metals around the landfill based on the RI values, while according to RAC classification, Cd had high to very high environmental risk. The MisSeq sequencing results showed that Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria were the dominant phyla of bacteria, and the most abundant phylum of fungi was Ascomycota. The NMDS analysis revealed that the landfill could influence soil fungal communities more intensely than bacterial communities. TN, cellulase, and bioavailable metals (Pb-Bio and Cr-Bio) were identified to have main influences on microbial communities. Pb-Bio was the most dominant driving factor for bacterial community structures. For fungi, Pb-Bio was significantly negatively related to Olpidiomycota and Cr-Bio had a significantly negative correlation with Ascomycota. It manifests that bioavailable metals play important roles in assessing environmental risks and microbial community structures of soil around landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenwen Cai
- College of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Shaoqi Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qinghe Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junwei Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Boping Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
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11
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Mallick SP, Patel HV, Gawande S, Wadee A, Chen H, McKenna AM, Brazil B, Yu W, Zhao R. Using landfill leachate to indicate the chemical and biochemical activities in elevated temperature landfills. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119719. [PMID: 38043306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate properties contain important information and can be a unique indicator for the chemical and biochemical activities in landfills. In the recent decade, more landfills are experiencing elevated temperature, causing an imbalance in the decomposition of solid waste and affecting the properties of the landfill leachate. This study analyzes the properties of leachate from two landfills that were experiencing elevated temperature (ETLFs), samples were collected from both elevated temperature impacted and non-impacted areas in each landfill. The accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in leachates from elevated temperature impacted areas of both landfill sites revealed that methanogenesis was inhibited by the elevated temperature, which was further confirmed by the more acidic pH, higher H/C elemental ratio, and lower degree of aromaticity of the elevated temperature impacted leachates. Also, carbohydrates depletion indicated possible enhancement of hydrolysis and acidogenesis by elevated temperature, which was supported by compositional comparison of isolated acidic species by negative-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICRMS) at 21 T derived from both elevated temperature impacted and non-impacted areas in the same landfill site. Furthermore, leachate organics fractionation showed that leachates not impacted by elevated temperature contain less hydrophilic fraction and more humic fraction than elevated temperature-impacted leachates for both ETLFs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harsh V Patel
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Sailee Gawande
- Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), Fort Worth, TX, 76118, USA
| | | | - Huan Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-4205, USA
| | - Amy M McKenna
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-4205, USA; Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Brian Brazil
- Waste Management Inc. Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Renzun Zhao
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA.
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12
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Song N, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Gao L, Liu S, Yao H, Liu R, Xu H. Investigation on molecular characteristics of organic compounds during a full-scale landfill leachate treatment process based on non-targeted analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117258. [PMID: 37775003 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new methodology for evaluating full-scale landfill leachate treatment processes by non-targeted analysis using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-QTOF-MS) was proposed. The method revealed the chemical complexity of organic compounds in landfill leachate samples at the molecular level and evaluated the removal efficiency of the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A2O) - membrane bioreactor (MBR) - nanofiltration (NF) treatment process in conjunction with multi-level classification of organic compounds. Results showed that the results of non-targeted analysis combined with multi-level classification of organic compounds had a significant correlation with the conventional water quality parameters and can be used to evaluate the treatment process. A total of 2508 organic compounds were detected in 6 samples. 17 emerging contaminants (ECs) with known potentially hazards were detected, including Diisobutyl Phthalate (DIBP), which is toxic to male reproduction and development, and 4-Tert-Butylphenol, which causes endocrine disruption in animals. The removal rate of organic compounds by this full-scale landfill leachate treatment processes reached 79.14%. The anaerobic tank played a crucial role with 64.98% contribution. For compounds, the removal rate of heterocyclics was as high as 94.67%, and the removal rate of aliphatics was poor, only 63.49%. This treatment process had almost perfect removal effect on the steroids in alicyclics and phenols in aromatics, but poor treatment effect on saturated alkanes in aliphatics and naphthenes in alicyclics. This study provides a methodology for accurate assessment of the molecular level of treatment processes, new insights for process optimization in waste treatment plants, and data support for the detection of emerging contaminants. The environmental hazards of landfill leachate can be further evaluated in the future in conjunction with ecotoxicity assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghui Song
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Li Gao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Sitao Liu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Hao Yao
- Zhenjiang New Area Ecology and Environment and Emergency Management Bureau, Zhenjiang, 212132, PR China
| | - Ru Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Hang Xu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China; Suzhou Research Institute, Hohai University, Suzhou, 215100, PR China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Gao Y, Xi B, Li Y, Ge X, Gong Y, Chen H, Chen J, Tan W, Yuan Y. Full life cycle and sustainability transitions of phthalates in landfill: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 170:215-229. [PMID: 37717503 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are added to various products as a plasticizer. As these products age and are disposed of, plastic waste containing PAEs enters the landfill. The landfill environment is complicated and can be regarded as a "black box". Also, PAEs do not bind with the polymer matrix. Therefore, when a series of physical chemistry and biological reactions occur during the stabilization of landfills, PAEs leach from waste and migrate to the surrounding environmental media, thereby contaminating the surrounding soil, water ecosystems, and atmosphere. Although research on PAEs has achieved progress over the years, they are mainly concentrated on a particular aspect of PAEs in the landfill; there are fewer inquiries on the life cycle of PAEs. In this study, we review the presence of PAEs in the landfill in the following aspects: (1) the main source of PAEs in landfills; (2) the impact of the landfill environment on PAE migration and conversion; (3) distribution and transmedia migration of PAEs in aquatic ecosystems, soils, and atmosphere; and (4) PAE management and control in the landfill and future research direction. The purpose is to track the life cycle of PAEs in landfills, provide scientific basis for in-depth understanding of the migration and transformation of PAEs and environmental pollution control in landfills, and new ideas for the sustainable utilization of landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yiman Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Lan Zhou Jiao Tong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yi Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huiru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zheng Zhou 450046, China
| | - Jiabao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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14
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Zhang Q, Tan S, Zhang Z, Yuan C, Lou Z, Liu W. Treatment of Landfill Leachate Reverse Osmosis Concentrates by Advanced Oxidation-Heterotrophic Nitrification-Aerobic Denitrification Combination process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:88627-88640. [PMID: 37440142 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a multistage treatment system for highly toxic wastewater named reverse osmosis concentrates of landfill leachate. Therefore, a combination of the ammonia stripping process (ASP), catalytic ozone oxidation process (COP), and heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification process (HNADP) was proposed and the quality of effluent was evaluated for the concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), and total nitrogen (TN). ASP had moderate removal efficiency of NH4+-N, and TN in the effluent. COP was catalyzed by cerium-supported-activated carbon achieved good performance in disposal of COD. The effluent of HNADP had the most significant removal efficiency of COD, NH4+-N, and TN. As a result, the effluent of combined process successfully met the discharge standards for NH4+-N and TN according to Table 1 of GB 16889-2008 in China. To investigate the microbial mechanism of pollutant removal in HNADP, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was performed and the results suggested that the relative abundance and diversity of microorganisms fluctuated with the changes of COD/TN ratio in HNADP. Truepera and Halomonas were identified as the key genera involved in the simultaneous degradation of COD and nitrogen-containing pollutants, the functional genes (hao, amoA, nirS, and nirK) were predicted in nitrification and denitrification process. Overall, this study demonstrates a feasible multistage system for treatment of concentrates and propose that further explorations of combined techniques may lead to even more satisfactory removal efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, No. 69 Hongguang Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing, 40054, China.
| | - Senwen Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, No. 69 Hongguang Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing, 40054, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, No. 69 Hongguang Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing, 40054, China
| | - Chunbo Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, No. 69 Hongguang Avenue, Banan District, Chongqing, 40054, China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Chongqing Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 618 Liangjiang Avenue, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China
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15
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Sun P, Mao H, Fang C, Long Y. Effect of hydraulic parameters of leachate treatment process on di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate removal from aged leachate. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:2407-2416. [PMID: 35029135 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2029951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of hydraulic parameters of an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic leachate treatment reactor on the removal of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from aged landfill leachate was studied. The mean DEHP removal efficiencies were 79.5%, 87.1%, 89.7% and 87.8% at hydraulic retention times of 6, 4.5, 3 and 2 d, respectively. The removal efficiency of DEHP was significantly higher when the internal reflux ratio was 200% than others. There was no significant difference among the DEHP removal efficiencies at different external reflux ratios of the reactor. Due to the overall efficiency of the reactor, hydraulic retention time 3 d, internal reflux ratio 200% and external reflux ratio 60%, were considered the optimal hydraulic parameters for DEHP removal from aged leachate. The removal efficiency of DEHP was significantly improved (from 75.7% to 89.1%) after the optimization of hydraulic parameters of the reactor. The removal percentages of DEHP in the anaerobic, anoxic, and oxic units of the reactor were 42.8%, 17.6%, and 15.3%, respectively. The oxic microcosms in the reactor had little effect on DEHP removal. The correlation between DEHP and leachate pollutants indicated that DEHP removal was strongly correlated with leachate COD and NH4+-N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Sun
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Mao
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengran Fang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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16
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Upadhyay A, Singh R, Talwar P, Verma N, Ahire PD, Khatri H, Masakapalli SK, Pareek N, Kumar V, Kovalev AA, Zhuravleva EA, Litti YV, Vivekanand V. Insights into sustainable resource and energy recovery from leachate towards emission mitigation for environmental management: A critical approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 343:118219. [PMID: 37229852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The exponential generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and landfill disposal without any treatment has increased the continuous generation of landfill leachate. Improper MSW and leachate management are contributing to environmental degradation and water and soil pollution, which must be treated. Numerous works have been conducted on leachate treatments for energy and resource recovery. This review presents a comprehensive study of leachate management in which different treatment methods are discussed to analyze the suitability of processes that can be employed to treat leachate efficiently. Further, the characteristics of leachate are examined as properties of leachate may be varied depending upon the region. Still, several challenges related to leachate management and its treatments are discussed in this study. An integrated system could be a better option for treating leachate because it contains large amounts of organic and inorganic compounds. Proper leachate management would help to recover energy and value-added products (metals).
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Upadhyay
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Rickwinder Singh
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Prakhar Talwar
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Nikita Verma
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Pratiksha Dadaji Ahire
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Hemant Khatri
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Shyam Kumar Masakapalli
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, 175075, India.
| | - Nidhi Pareek
- Department of Sports Bio-Sciences, School of Sports Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, India.
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Bioenergy and Resource Management Centre, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrey A Kovalev
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM", 1st Institutskiy Proezd, 5, 109428, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elena A Zhuravleva
- Federal Research Center "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 33, 2, 119071, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yuriy V Litti
- Federal Research Center "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 33, 2, 119071, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vivekanand Vivekanand
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
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17
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Li Q, Cui H, Li Y, Song X, Liu W, Wang Y, Hou H, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang F, Song J, Ye H, Song S, Che T, Shao S, Kong D, Liang B. Challenges and engineering application of landfill leachate concentrate treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116028. [PMID: 37150383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate concentrate (LLC) is a concentrated waste stream from landfill leachate treatment systems and has been recognized as a key challenge due to its high concentration of salts, heavy metals, organic matters, etc. Improper management of LLC (e.g. reinjection) would exacerbate the performance of upstream treatment processes and pose risks to the surrounding environments near landfill sites. Addressing the challenge and recovering resources from LLC have thus been attracting considerable attention. Although many LLC treatment technologies have been developed, a comprehensive discussion about the challenges still lacks. This review critically evaluates mainstream LLC treatment technologies, namely incineration, coagulation, advanced oxidation, evaporation and solidification/stabilization. We then introduce a geopolymer-based solidification (GS) process as a promising technology owning to its simple casting process and reusable final product and summarizes engineering applications in China. Finally, we suggest investigating hybrid systems to minimize LLC production and achieve the on-site reuse of LLC. Collectively, this review provides useful information to guide the selection of LLC treatment technologies and suggests a sustainable alternative for large-scale application, while also highlighting the need of joint efforts in the industry to achieve efficient, ecofriendly and economical on-site management of landfill waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hanlin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Song
- Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yongxuan Wang
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China
| | - Haimeng Hou
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Everbright Environmental Protection (China) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - You Li
- Everbright Environmental Protection (China) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Jun Song
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Hanfeng Ye
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Sirui Song
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Tong Che
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Deyong Kong
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China; Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China.
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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18
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Khan A, Ibrar I, Mirdad A, Al-Juboori RA, Deka P, Subbiah S, Altaee A. Novel Approach to Landfill Wastewater Treatment Fouling Mitigation: Air Gap Membrane Distillation with Tin Sulfide-Coated PTFE Membrane. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050483. [PMID: 37233544 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study addressed the fouling issue in membrane distillation (M.D.) technology, a promising method for water purification and wastewater reclamation. To enhance the anti-fouling properties of the M.D. membrane, a tin sulfide (TS) coating onto polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was proposed and evaluated with air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) using landfill leachate wastewater at high recovery rates (80% and 90%). The presence of TS on the membrane surface was confirmed using various techniques, such as Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), contact angle measurement, and porosity analysis. The results indicated the TS-PTFE membrane exhibited better anti-fouling properties than the pristine PTFE membrane, and its fouling factors (FFs) were 10.4-13.1% compared to 14.4-16.5% for the PTFE membrane. The fouling was attributed to pore blockage and cake formation of carbonous and nitrogenous compounds. The study also found that physical cleaning with deionized (DI) water effectively restored the water flux, with more than 97% recovered for the TS-PTFE membrane. Additionally, the TS-PTFE membrane showed better water flux and product quality at 55 °C and excellent stability in maintaining the contact angle over time compared to the PTFE membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Khan
- Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering (MME), University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Mechanical Department at Taif Technical College, Technical and Vocational Training Corporation (TVTC), Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrar Ibrar
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Abeer Mirdad
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, 5 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Raed A Al-Juboori
- NYUAD Water Research Centre, New York University-Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Priyamjeet Deka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Senthilmurugan Subbiah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Ali Altaee
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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19
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Yang S, Tang J, Zhang X, Zhang A. Degradation of refractory organic matter in MBR effluent from treating landfill leachate by the UV-nZVI-H 2O 2 system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:50295-50308. [PMID: 36792858 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) was used as the Fe2+ source in the Fenton reaction, and a UV-nZVI-H2O2 system was constructed to efficiently degrade and mineralize refractory organic matter in landfill leachate. The results showed that under the optimal conditions (initial pH = 3, UV = 14 W, nZVI = 0.5 g/L, and [H2O2] = 30 mM), the removal efficiencies of total organic carbon, absorbance at 254 nm, and color number were 61.38%, 83.89%, and 85.79%, respectively. Control experiments show that the UV-nZVI-H2O2 system has the highest removal rate and mineralization rate of refractory organic matter. The excellent performance of the UV-nZVI-H2O2 system is related to a higher H2O2 utilization rate. The H2O2 residue in the UV-nZVI-H2O2 system was the lowest, and the effective utilization rate of H2O2 was as high as 98.80%. Alcohol quenching experiments and hydroxyl radical quantitative experiments showed that the dominant reactive oxygen species in the UV-nZVI-H2O2 system was HO• and the yield of HO• was as high as 2007.80 μM, which was much higher than that in other systems. The results of spectra analysis showed that the low molecular weight, high fluorescence frequency organic matter, and relatively stable aromatic organic matter were significantly degraded after treatment with the UV-nZVI-H2O2 system and the aromatic degree, humification degree, molecular weight, and molecular polymerization degree of refractory organic matter were also significantly decreased. The mechanism of the UV-nZVI-H2O2 reaction includes homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton reactions and adsorption and precipitation of organic matter by iron-based colloids. This study can provide theoretical and technical support for the advanced treatment of refractory organic matter in landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siping Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Jia Tang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China.
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20
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Ma X, Ji J, Song P, Mao C, Li X. Treatment of nanofiltration membrane concentrates integrated magnetic biochar pretreatment with anaerobic digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115245. [PMID: 36640939 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
nanofiltration membrane concentrate (NMC) is an emerging type of wastewater with significant environmental concerns. which can be treated efficiently by an integrated method. In this study, magnetic biochar (MBC) pretreatment integrated with anaerobic digestion (AD) (MBC + AD) was used to treat NMC. Results showed that under the optimal MBC + AD conditions, 79%, 69.4%, 52.9%, and 86.5% of COD, total nitrogen (TN), chromaticity, and light absorbing substances were reduced. For heavy metals removal, 18.3%, 70.0%, 96.4%, 43.8% and 97.5% of Cr (VI), Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were removed, respectively. LC-MS analysis indicated that p-nitrophenol (4-NP) diethyl and phthalate (DEP) were the main organic pollutants in NMC with a removal rate of 60% and 90%. Compared with single AD, in MBC + AD samples, bacterial activity was improved, and genus DMER64 (23.2%) was dominant. The predominant archaea were Methanocorpusculum (53.3%) and Methanosarcina (25.3%), with microbial restructuring and slight methane generation. Additionally, metabolic pathway prediction revealed that both bacterial and archaeal metabolism were significantly enhanced, contributing to the central functional pathways, namely microbial activity metabolism and biodegradation metabolism. In addition, the significantly increased genera Syner-01, Vulcanibacillus, Methanocorpusculum, and Norank_c_Bathyarchaeia were significantly positively related to metabolic function. This finding demonstrated that MBC + AD enhanced contaminant removal, mainly by regulating bacterial diversity and activity. Moreover, the toxicity of NMC decreased after MBC + AD treatment. This study provides a potential biological strategy for the treatment of membrane concentrates and water recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobiao Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China; Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Duanjiatanlu #1272, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - Jing Ji
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Peizhi Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Chunlan Mao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China; Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Membrane Science and Technology, Duanjiatanlu #1272, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China.
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
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21
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de Almeida R, Porto RF, Quintaes BR, Bila DM, Lavagnolo MC, Campos JC. A review on membrane concentrate management from landfill leachate treatment plants: The relevance of resource recovery to close the leachate treatment loop. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:264-284. [PMID: 35924944 PMCID: PMC9972246 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221116212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Membrane filtration processes have been used to treat landfill leachate. On the other hand, closing the leachate treatment loop and finding a final destination for landfill leachate membrane concentrate (LLMC) - residual stream of membrane systems - is challenging for landfill operators. The re-introduction of LLMC into the landfill is typical; however, this approach is critical as concentrate pollutants may accumulate in the leachate treatment facility. From that, leachate concentrate management based on resource recovery rather than conventional treatment and disposal is recommended. This work comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art of current research on LLMC management from leachate treatment plants towards a resource recovery approach. A general recovery train based on the main LLMC characteristics for implementing the best recovery scheme is presented in this context. LLMCs could be handled by producing clean water and add-value materials. This paper offers critical insights into LLMC management and highlights future research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronei de Almeida
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
- Department of Civil, Environmental and
Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Ronei de Almeida, School of Chemistry,
Inorganic Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 149
Athos da Silveira Ramos Avenue, laboratory I-124, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909,
Brazil.
| | - Raphael Ferreira Porto
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | | | - Daniele Maia Bila
- Department of Sanitary and Environment
Engineering, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Lavagnolo
- Department of Civil, Environmental and
Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Juacyara Carbonelli Campos
- School of Chemistry, Inorganic
Processes Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
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22
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Enhancing Biodegradation of Pyridine with Trehalose Lipid in Rhodococcus pyridinivorans sp. Strain HR-1-Inoculated Microbial Fuel Cell. FERMENTATION 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A Gram-positive exoelectrogen Rhodococcus pyridinivorans sp. strain HR-1 was cultivated from leachate-fed microbial fuel cell (MFC) to study the biodegradation effect of pyridine. In the comparison with mixed cultured MFC, HR-1 presented a remarkable electrical capacity with a maximum output of 4.33 W/m3 under 30 °C in neutral anolyte with 1 g/L acetate as a substrate. Further, HR-1 demonstrated the environmental resistance as a Gram-positive strain. Microbial metabolism was evident at pH between 5–9 and temperature in the range of 20–40 °C, whereas optimal condition for pyridine degradation was observed at 30 °C. This is the first study reporting the degradation of pyridine in the bio-electrochemical system that achieved a 42% ± 5% degradation rate in a full operation cycle at 2 g/L of the concentration. Considering the nonnegligible internal resistance of HR-1-inoculated MFC, trehalose lipid was also introduced as a bio-surfactant to reduce the charge transfer obstacle between the microbes and the electrodes. The surface morphology illustrated that the strain had a plump shape with a high specific area. Accordingly, bio-surfactant addition promoted the anode biomass (1.2 ± 0.1 mg/cm2 to 1.7 ± 0.2 mg/cm2) and achieved a higher degradation rate (68% ± 4%). The feasibility of electrochemical disposal on pyridine and eminent adaptability of strain sp. HR-1 as a Gram-positive exoelectrogen makes MFC a practical approach for real application.
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Wei T, Zhao B, Zhou Z, Di H, Shumba T, Cui M, Zhou Z, Xu X, Qi M, Tang J, Ndungu PG, Qiao X, Zhang Z. Removal of organics and ammonia in landfill leachate via catalytic oxypyrolysis over MOF-derived Fe2O3@SiO2-Al2O3. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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24
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Li T, Lü F, Qiu J, Zhang H, He P. Substance flow analysis on the leachate DOM molecules along five typical membrane advanced treatment processes. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 228:119348. [PMID: 36403296 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The processes combining biological treatment with membrane separation technologies have been widely adopted for leachate treatment. However, dissolved organic matter (DOM) of leachate membrane concentrates generated from various membrane separation technologies has not been systematically investigated in field scale. Therefore, substance flow analysis based on DOM molecular information of leachate membrane concentrates from primary membrane systems (i.e. nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO)) and secondary membrane systems (i.e. disk-tube reverse osmosis (DTRO) and humic substance filtration system (HSF)) in five engineering-scale leachate treatment facilities, obtained via ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry, was given and simultaneously compared. In NF concentrates (NFC), 45.1-98.5% of DOM originated from raw leachate (L-DOM) was concentrated, showing poor biodegradability. The L-DOM interception characteristics of NFC-fed HSF were mainly based on volume reduction but concentration effect. L-DOM in RO concentrates (ROC) showed a higher proportion of peak intensity reduced components, accounting for 50.3-96.8%, and organic composition changes were more dependent on water quality characteristics than membrane types. ROC-fed DTRO intercepted 49.3-72.6% of L-DOM, but DTRO may be less effective at intercepting DOM molecules in landfill leachate with higher oxidation levels. Considering risks from feasible treatment technologies, the difficulty for the treatment of leachate membrane concentrates followed the order of DTRO concentrates > ROC > NFC. This study suggests that ROC-fed DTRO need to be controlled to avoid amplifying the treatment difficulty. Besides, treatment technologies for RO and DTRO concentrates with low-concentrated but refractory DOM and high salts should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Li
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Junjie Qiu
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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25
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Gan P, Sun Y, Li Y, Liu W, Ye J, Tong M, Liang J. The degradation of municipal solid waste incineration leachate by UV/persulfate and UV/H 2O 2 processes: The different selectivity of SO 4•- and •OH. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137009. [PMID: 36326516 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the different selectivity of SO4•- and •OH towards municipal solid waste incineration leachates (MSWILs) was studied by a comparative study of UV/persulfate (PS) and UV/H2O2. Results showed SO4•- preferentially mineralized carbon atoms of higher average oxidation state, while •OH showed a two-stage mechanism of partial oxidation and mineralization successively. Electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis showed SO4•- had superior selectivity towards MSWILs than •OH, and Fe(II) would significantly affect the selectivity via forming Fe-MSWILs complex. As the consequence, Fe(II) showed slightly negative effect on UV/PS, but greatly enhanced the performance of UV/H2O2/Fe(II). High concentration of Cl- affected the degradation of non-fluorescent substances by UV/PS, while SO42- and NO3- showed no effect. In contrast, anions showed no effect on UV/H2O2. In addition, •OH preferentially attacked large molecules, but SO4•- showed no selectivity. This study further revealed the selectivity of SO4•- and •OH in the treatment of hypersaline wastewater, and provided theoretical support for the development of targeted technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gan
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Yichun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Yunyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Wen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing , 100871, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiangyu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Meiping Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing , 100871, PR China
| | - Jialiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
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26
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Panagopoulos A, Giannika V. Decarbonized and circular brine management/valorization for water & valuable resource recovery via minimal/zero liquid discharge (MLD/ZLD) strategies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116239. [PMID: 36174468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Brine (saline wastewater/water) from desalination, salt lakes, and industrial activities (e.g., pharmaceutical industries, oil & gas industries) has received a lot of attention around the world due to its adverse impact on the environment. Currently, several disposal methods have been applied; however, these methods are nowadays unsustainable. To tackle this problem, brine treatment and valorization is considered a promising strategy to eliminate brine discharge and recover valuable resources such as water, minerals, salts, metals, and energy. Brine valorization and resource recovery can be achieved via minimal and zero liquid discharge (MLD & ZLD) desalination systems. Commercially successful technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO) and distillation cannot be adopted as standalone technologies due to restrictions (e.g., osmotic pressure, high-energy/corrosion). Nonetheless, novel technologies such as forward osmosis (FO), membrane distillation (MD) can treat brine of high salinity and present high recovery rates. The extraction of several ions from brines is technically feasible. The minerals/salts composed of major ions (i.e., Na+, Cl-, Mg2+, Ca2+) can be useful in a variety of sectors, and their sale prices are reasonable. On the other hand, the extraction of scarce metals such as lithium, rubidium, and cesium can be extremely profitable as their sale prices are extremely higher compared to the sale prices of common salts. Nonetheless, the extraction of such precious metals is currently restricted to a laboratory scale. The MLD/ZLD systems have high energy consumption and thus are associated with high GHGs emissions as fossil fuels are commonly burned to produce the required energy. To make the MLD/ZLD systems more eco-friendly and carbon-neutral, the authors suggest integrating renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, etc. Besides water, minerals, salts, metals, and energy can be harvested from brine. In particular, salinity gradient power can be generated. Salinity gradient power technologies have shown great potential in several bench-scale and pilot-scale implementations. Nonetheless, several improvements are required to promote their large-scale feasibility and viability. To establish a CO2-free and circular global economy, intensive research and development efforts should continue to be directed toward brine valorization and resource recovery using MLD/ZLD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyris Panagopoulos
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece.
| | - Vasiliki Giannika
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece.
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27
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Zou X, Mohammed A, Gao M, Liu Y. Mature landfill leachate treatment using granular sludge-based reactor (GSR) via nitritation/denitritation: Process startup and optimization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157078. [PMID: 35787895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mature landfill leachate wastewater (LLW) was characterized by high ammonia, refractory chemical oxygen demand (COD) and heavy metal contents, which limits the nitrogen removal in conventional activated sludge systems. Granular sludge is known to be more resistant to toxic compounds because of its dense structure and diverse microbial community. Here, granular sludge-based reactor (GSR) was applied with nitritation/denitritation (Nit/DNit) process for effective ammonia-rich mature LLW treatment at 20 °C. After a short startup period, the efficiencies of ammonia removal and total inorganic nitrogen removal stabilized at 99 % and 93 %, respectively, under a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h. High ammonia oxidation rate (~ 0.64 g N/g VSS/d) was achieved, with ~93 % ammonia conversing to nitrite before being reduced to nitrogen gas. Microbial analysis results revealed that Nitrosomonas (ammonia oxidizing bacteria) and Thauera (denitrifiers) were the dominant bacteria with key functional genes involved in the Nit/DNit. With an increase in the LLW loading, increased ammonia oxidation rates and biomass retention were also observed. This study demonstrated that granular sludge-based technology is feasible for mature LLW treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Abdul Mohammed
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mengjiao Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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28
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Mohammadi A, Malakootian M, Dobaradaran S, Hashemi M, Jaafarzadeh N. Occurrence, seasonal distribution, and ecological risk assessment of microplastics and phthalate esters in leachates of a landfill site located near the marine environment: Bushehr port, Iran as a case. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156838. [PMID: 35750192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic wastes are produced in a large amount everywhere, and are commonly disposed in landfills. So landfill leachate seems an obvious source of microplastics (MPs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) due to a huge usage as plastic additives and plasticizers. But this issue still lacks attention and the present study provides the first information on the levels of MPs and PAEs in the fresh landfill leachate of Bushehr port during different seasons. The mean levels of MPs and PAEs in the fresh leachate in all seasons were 79.16 items/L and 3.27 mg/L, respectively. Also, the mean levels of PAEs in MPs were 48.33 μg/g. A statistically significant difference was detected in the levels of MPs and PAEs among different seasons with the highest values in summer and fall. MPs with a size of >1000 μm had the highest abundance in all seasons. The most prominent shape, color, and type of MPs in the leachate were fibers black, and nylon, respectively. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the most dominant PAEs present in the leachate samples. The results of this study revealed high hazard index (HI) and pollution load index (PLI) of MPs in all seasons. Dioctyl phthalate (DOP), DEHP, DBP, diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP) represented a high risk to the sensitive organisms. The results of this study showed that significant levels of MPs and PAEs may release into the surrounding environment from the landfill sites without sufficient protection. This issue is more critical when the landfill sites in particular are located near the marine environments like the Bushehr landfill that is located near the Persian Gulf, which can lead to serious environmental problems. Thus permanent control and monitor of landfills, especially in the coastal areas are highly needed to prevent further pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Mohammadi
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Malakootian
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Majid Hashemi
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Moustafa A, Hamzeh M, Baroudi M, Ouddane B, Net S. 55 xenobiotic organic compounds in Tripoli landfill-Lebanon leachate and their fluxes to the Abou Ali River and Mediterranean Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:856. [PMID: 36207614 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pollution generated from landfill solid wastes constitute one of the major threat to the environment. The landfill leachate contains various toxic pollutants, making it the most dangerous issue of the landfills. Monitoring the xenobiotic organic concentrations in landfill leachate is an important step to evaluate the environmental impacts. This work aims to characterize the seasonal variation of 55 xenobiotic organic compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and bisphenols (BPs) in the leachate from municipal solid waste landfill of Tripoli, Lebanon. And also, the quantity of the pollutant's flux to the Abou Ali River and the Mediterranean Sea nearby has been estimated. The organic pollutants were extracted by using the solid-phase extraction and quantified by using GC-MS/MS. The results showed high level of PAEs, BPs, PCBs, and PAHs in the leachate samples. The fluxes of pollutants to the Abou Ali River and Mediterranean Sea have been detected at 0.23 kg, 0.01 kg, 116.85 kg, 15.93 kg, and 7.58 kg for Σ16PAHs, Σ28PCBs, Σ6PAEs, Σ4BPs, and 4-NP respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Moustafa
- CNRS, LASIRE UMR 8516, Equipe Physico-chimie de l'Environnement, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Biotechnology Laboratory, Doctoral School-AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Application, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Department of Health and Environment, Laboratory of Sciences and Water Environment, Faculty of Public Health Section III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Mariam Hamzeh
- Department of Health and Environment, Laboratory of Sciences and Water Environment, Faculty of Public Health Section III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Moomen Baroudi
- Department of Health and Environment, Laboratory of Sciences and Water Environment, Faculty of Public Health Section III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- CNRS, LASIRE UMR 8516, Equipe Physico-chimie de l'Environnement, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Sopheak Net
- CNRS, LASIRE UMR 8516, Equipe Physico-chimie de l'Environnement, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.
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30
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Effect of Fulvic Acid in Landfill Leachate Membrane Concentrate on Evaporation Process. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Landfill leachate membrane concentrate (LLMC) poses risks to the environment and is commonly treated by evaporation. As the main component of the dissolved organic matter in LLMC, fulvic acid (FA) was selected as a representative to investigate its effect on evaporation and the removal efficiency by pretreatment in this study. According to the water quality indexes and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of LLMC samples collected from five landfills in China, the concentration of total organic carbon in LLMC was 700–2500 mg·L−1, in which FA accounted for 50–85%. The boiling point and viscosity of the configured FA-NaCl-Na2SO4 solution both increased significantly when FA was concentrated 20 times (approximately 30,000 mg·L−1). Due to the presence of FA, the violent frothing phenomenon appeared at above 70 °C in evaporation, and the solubility of CaSO4·2H2O in FA-NaCl-Na2SO4 solution was significantly lower than that without FA. All these results indicated that the high FA concentration in LLMC could lead to decreased heat transfer coefficient and evaporation capacity during evaporation. Therefore, the softening pretreatment including the addition of Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3, and coagulants was employed to reduce the hardness and FA concentration. After the softening experiments, the removal efficiency of FA was >95% for the configured LLMC sample, while for the actual LLMC sample collected from landfills, the removal efficiency of FA and chemical oxygen demand could reach >80% and about 30%, respectively. The remaining concentration of FA in LLMC was about 200 mg·L−1, and the recovery efficiency of clean water could be 90% in the evaporation process. This research has important guiding significance for the evaporation treatment of LLMC.
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31
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Gu Z, Chen W, He C, Li Q. Molecular insights into the transformation of refractory organic matter in landfill leachate nanofiltration concentrates during a flocculation and O 3/H 2O 2 treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:128973. [PMID: 35650737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During leachate treatment, molecular information regarding the completely removed, partially removed, less-reactive, increased, and produced parts of dissolved organic matter (DOM) remains unknown. This study applied ESI FT-ICR MS to investigate the transformation characteristics of leachate nanofiltration concentrate (NFC) DOM during a combined flocculation-O3/H2O2 process. The NFC contained 5069 compounds in four main classes (CHO, CHON, CHOS, and CHONS compounds). The DOM number decreased to 4489 during flocculation and to 2903 after the O3/H2O2 process. During flocculation, the completely and partially removed DOM was mainly low-oxygen unsaturated and phenolic compounds. Saturated DOM was produced and remained in the flocculated effluent. During the O3/H2O2 process, the completely and partially removed DOM were mainly low-oxygen unsaturated and phenolic compounds that were mainly in a reduced state. Flocculation can remove many (condensed) aromatic compounds, and methylation and hydrogenation reactions occurred during flocculation. In the O3/H2O2 process, dearomatization, demethylation, carboxylation, and carbonylation reactions further achieved the degradation of DOM that was resistant to flocculation. Overall, the combined flocculation-O3/H2O2 process collectively eliminated a broader range of DOM than the single processes could achieve. The results of this study provide an in-depth understanding of DOM transformation in an NFC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhepei Gu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 611756, China
| | - Weiming Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 611756, China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Qibin Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 611756, China.
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Aftab B, Truong HB, Cho J, Hur J. Enhanced performance of a direct contact membrane distillation system via in-situ thermally activated H2O2 oxidation for the treatment of landfill leachate. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vaidh S, Parekh D, Patel D, Vishwakarma GS. Leachate treatment potential of nanomaterial based assemblies: a systematic review on recent development. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:3285-3300. [PMID: 35704411 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid development of the population has brought about a serious problem of waste generation and management. Open dumping and land filling are two of the preferred options for waste management and treatment. As a consequence of this, the accumulation of leachates has become one of the concerns for environmental sustainability. In this regard, various treatment methodologies have been developed in recent decades. Among them, the nanomaterial-based approaches are the emerging ones in the current scenario due to their various unique properties. Furthermore, nanomaterial-based assemblies (i.e., nanomaterials combined with microbes, chemical catalysts, enzymes, and so on) have been introduced as a novel modification for leachate treatment. This work, therefore, has been dedicated to comprehensively reviewing all nanomaterial based leachate treatment techniques. In this regard, the first part of this review will discuss the nano catalyst, nano adsorbent along with their synthesis and mechanistic view of pollutant removal potential. In the second part, the nanomaterial-based microbial conjugates applied in the leachate treatments have been discussed. Apart from this, various other nanomaterial-based methods have been discussed in the third part of the review. Hence this review is providing an insight of all the recent developments pertaining to the nano material based leachate treatment techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Vaidh
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India E-mail:
| | - Dharni Parekh
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India E-mail:
| | - Dhara Patel
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India E-mail:
| | - Gajendra Singh Vishwakarma
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India E-mail:
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Panagopoulos A. Study and evaluation of the characteristics of saline wastewater (brine) produced by desalination and industrial plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:23736-23749. [PMID: 34816342 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Desalination and industrial plants all around the world generate large amounts of saline wastewater (brine). The discharge of brine from facilities poses a severe environmental threat, while at the same time, the opportunity to recover resources is being lost as discharged brine is rich in valuable metals that could be recovered as salts/minerals. To this aim, this study presents and analyzes for the first time the characteristics of different brine effluents (from industries such as desalination, oil and gas production, petrochemical, aquaculture, pharmaceutical, textile) to prevent environmental pollution and to recover valuable resources (i.e., salts, minerals, metals, chemicals) enabling the concept of waste-to-resource (circular water economy model). The results revealed that the common salinity values in brine effluents range from 0.5 to 150 g/L, while the only exception is the produced water from the oil and gas industry (up to 400 g/L). Brine effluents from all sectors contain sodium, chloride, calcium, and potassium ions in high concentrations, while the production of common salts such as NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 from brine can be economically profitable. Besides common ions, precious metals such as lithium, rubidium, and cesium are present in low concentrations (<25 mg/L); however, their extraction from brine effluents can be significantly profitable due to their very high sale price. The treatment and valorization of brine can be implemented by the hybridization of membrane-based, chemical, biological, and thermal-based technologies/processes in minimal and zero liquid discharge (MLD/ZLD) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyris Panagopoulos
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou St., Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece.
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Rodríguez-Vidal FJ, García-Valverde M, Ortega-Azabache B, González-Martínez Á, Bellido-Fernández A, Díez-Blanco V, Ruíz-Pérez MO. Monitoring the performance of wastewater treatment plants for organic matter removal using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Özçoban MŞ, Acarer S, Tüfekci N. Effect of solid waste landfill leachate contaminants on hydraulic conductivity of landfill liners. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:1581-1599. [PMID: 35290233 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Landfilling is one of the most widely used methods to reduce the impact on the environment and human health by ensuring the management of solid wastes. For the process in question to be called landfill, the landfill leachate must be controlled and liner impermeability conditions must be provided. For this reason, compacted clay liners (CCL) and geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) with very low hydraulic conductivity are often used as hydraulic barriers in landfills to prevent the risk of leachate mixing with groundwater. However, as a result of various interactions between leachate-clay liners, changes occur in the hydraulic conductivity of the liners. In this review, the change (increase/decrease) in the hydraulic conductivity of the landfill liners caused by the contaminants in the leachate composition and the mechanisms responsible for this change were examined. In addition, deficiencies in the literature on this subject were identified and directions for future studies were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Şükrü Özçoban
- Geotechnical Department, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa, İstanbul 34220, Turkey
| | - Seren Acarer
- Environmental Engineering Department, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcılar, İstanbul 34320, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Neşe Tüfekci
- Environmental Engineering Department, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcılar, İstanbul 34320, Turkey E-mail:
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Lanzarini NM, Federigi I, Marinho Mata R, Neves Borges MD, Mendes Saggioro E, Cioni L, Verani M, Carducci A, Costa Moreira J, Ferreira Mannarino C, Pereira Miagostovich M. Human adenovirus in municipal solid waste leachate and quantitative risk assessment of gastrointestinal illness to waste collectors. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 138:308-317. [PMID: 34922305 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leachate is a variable effluent from waste management systems generated during waste collection and on landfills. Twenty-two leachate samples from waste collection trucks and a landfill were collected from March to December 2019 in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) and were analyzed for Human Adenovirus (HAdV), bacterial indicators and physico-chemical parameters. For viral analysis, samples were concentrated by ultracentrifugation and processed for molecular analysis using QIAamp Fast DNA Stool mini kit® for DNA extraction followed by nested-PCR and qPCR/PMA-qPCR TaqMan® system. HAdV was detected by nested-PCR in 100% (9/9) and 83.33% (12/13) of the truck and landfill leachate samples, respectively. Viral concentrations ranged from 8.31 × 101 to 6.68 × 107 genomic copies per 100 ml by qPCR and PMA-qPCR. HAdV species A, B, C, and F were characterized using nucleotide sequencing. HAdV were isolated in A549 culture cells in 100% (9/9) and 46.2% (6/13) from truck and landfill leachate samples, respectively. Regardless of the detection methods, HAdV concentration was predicted by the quantity of total suspended solids. A quantitative microbial risk assessment was performed to measure the probability of gastrointestinal (GI) illness attributable to inadvertent oral ingestion of truck leachate, revealing the higher probability of disease for the direct splashing into the oral cavity (58%) than for the gloved hand-to-mouth (33%). In a scenario where waste collectors do not wear gloves as protective personal equipment, the risk increases to 67%. This is the first study revealing infectious HAdV in solid waste leachate and indicates a potential health risk for waste collectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Maria Lanzarini
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Sanitation and Environmental Health, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Ileana Federigi
- Hygiene and Environmental Virology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 35/39, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Rafaela Marinho Mata
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Sanitation and Environmental Health, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Denise Neves Borges
- Department of Sanitation and Environmental Health, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Enrico Mendes Saggioro
- Department of Sanitation and Environmental Health, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lorenzo Cioni
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Verani
- Hygiene and Environmental Virology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 35/39, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Annalaura Carducci
- Hygiene and Environmental Virology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 35/39, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Josino Costa Moreira
- Center for Studies on Workers' Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camille Ferreira Mannarino
- Department of Sanitation and Environmental Health, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Mohammadi A, Malakootian M, Dobaradaran S, Hashemi M, Jaafarzadeh N, Parniani N. Determination and seasonal analysis of physicochemical characterization and metal(oid)s of landfill leachate in Bushehr port along the Persian Gulf. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2022.2027454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Mohammadi
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Malakootian
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Majid Hashemi
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Parniani
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Waste Organization, Bushehr Municipality, Bushehr, Iran
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Rodríguez-Vidal FJ, Ortega-Azabache B, González-Martínez Á, Bellido-Fernández A. Comprehensive characterization of industrial wastewaters using EEM fluorescence, FT-IR and 1H NMR techniques. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150417. [PMID: 34818815 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The organic matter present in six industrial wastewaters (pulp and paper mill, brewery, textile, dairy, slaughterhouse effluents and a municipal landfill leachate) has been studied in this work using three analytical techniques: excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The pulp and paper mill effluent shows characteristic signals of the presence of lignins, carbohydrates and carboxylic acids, as well as sulfate, carbonate and sulfonates (coming from surfactants used in the cleaning of tanks). The main constituents of the brewery effluent are peptides and proteins coming mainly from spent yeast and diatomite filters (the presence of the latter was confirmed by SiO bands in the FTIR spectrum). The municipal landfill leachate is characterized by the majority presence of humic substances (typical of an old landfill) and a residual presence of small peptides, amino acids and carboxylic acids. Additionally, several inorganic compounds were identified by FTIR, such as nitrate, sulfate, phosphate and cyanide ions. The textile effluent from a cotton-based industry contains carbohydrates, carboxylic acids and sulfonates, which can act as auxochromes in the textile industry. The dairy effluent comprises amino acids and small peptides coming from the biodegradation of milk and whey in addition to carbohydrates (lactose) and carboxylic acids (mainly lactic acid). The presence of tyrosine-like peaks B in the EEMF spectrum of the slaughterhouse effluent indicates the existence of small peptides and amino acids coming from the biodegradation of blood proteins. Additionally, residual glucose, fatty acids, phosphate and sulfate were also identified in this effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Rodríguez-Vidal
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Polytechnic School, University of Burgos, Av Cantabria s/n, 09006 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Ortega-Azabache
- Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Pz Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Ángela González-Martínez
- Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Pz Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Ana Bellido-Fernández
- Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Pz Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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Zhu Y, Yan H, Lu F, Su Y, Li W, An J, Wang Y, Xu T. Electrodialytic concentration of landfill leachate effluent: Lab- and pilot-scale test, and assessment. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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41
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Moravia WG, Moreira VR, Lebron YAR, Lange LC, Santos Amaral MC. Influence of humic substances on the landfill leachate biodegradability with a focus on temporal seasonality. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:3780-3790. [PMID: 34928843 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The high resilience to biological treatments from the landfill leachate is generally associated with the presence of humic substances (HS). The brown color characteristic of this effluent is also related to these substances. Landfill leachate with low biodegradability can make biological treatments unfeasible, which can drive up the cost for the treatment of large leachate volumes. In this context, this research aimed to characterize the leachate in different seasonal periods, and verify the influence of HS species on the biodegradability of the effluent to assist in the selection of adequate treatment techniques. The HS quantification was performed using the modified Lowry method and speciation through fractionation according to the molar masses of the HS species. The tropical regions can be the precursor for the rapid stabilization of biodegradable organic matter. The warmer climate contributed to a reduced BOD/COD ratio (0.03) and the predominance of compounds of lower mass (e.g.: fulvic acids). The tests showed an HS concentration of 26.9% of the total COD in the raw leachate in the rainy season, which increased to 37.3% in the dry season. Approximately 70% of HS species refer to fulvic acids, a fraction identified as having the highest biologic treatment resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Guadagnin Moravia
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Amazonas, Av. 5.253 - Nova Suíça, 30.421-169, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Victor Rezende Moreira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 1294, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Yuri Abner Rocha Lebron
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 1294, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Liséte Celina Lange
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 1294, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Míriam Cristina Santos Amaral
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 1294, 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Szaja A, Montusiewicz A, Lebiocka M, Bis M. A combined anaerobic digestion system for energetic brewery spent grain application in co-digestion with a sewage sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 135:448-456. [PMID: 34624743 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a combined technology for energetic brewery spent grain (BSG) use in co-digestion with sewage sludge (SS) was presented. A holistic approach that includes the impact of co-substrates and their carriers on the anaerobic digestion (AD) process, and the energetic aspects, was involved. Prior to AD, BSG was pretreated involving the hydrodynamic cavitation (HC); two different carriers were applied: MPW (municipal pre-settled wastewater) and mature landfill leachate (MLL). An orifice plate with a conical concentric hole of 3/10 mm (inlet/outlet diameter) was applied as cavitation device. The initial pressure was 7 bar and the number of recirculation passes through the cavitation zone was 30. The AD experiments were performed in semi-flow reactors, under mesophilic conditions at HRT of 20 and 21 d. In both co-digestion series, the constant co-substrate dose of 6% v/v was adopted. In the presence of cavitated BSG and MPW, a significant increase in biogas/methane production was provided as compared to SS mono-digestion, with the related improvement in kinetic constant by 3.5%. The average biogas yield was 0.48 ± 0.03 m3 kg-1 VS added, while in the control run 0.41 ± 0.03 m3 kg-1 VS added. Using cavitated BSG and MLL, such a beneficial effect was not observed. In both co-digestion series, slightly lower VS removal (as for the control) and stable process performance occurred. Moreover, the improved energy balance was provided. Due to the technological aspects, only co-digestion of cavitated BSG and MPW with SS is recommended for implementation into a full-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szaja
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Nadbystrzycka 40 B, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Montusiewicz
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Nadbystrzycka 40 B, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lebiocka
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Nadbystrzycka 40 B, Poland
| | - Marta Bis
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Nadbystrzycka 40 B, Poland
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Fang D, Wang J, Cui D, Dong X, Tang C, Zhang L, Yue D. Recent Advances of Landfill Leachate Treatment. J Indian Inst Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-021-00262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Zhang L, Bai H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Yue D. Life Cycle Assessment of Leachate Treatment Strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:13264-13273. [PMID: 34520663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly stringent regulations for leachate discharge call for leachate treatment plants (LTPs) to increase their treatment capacity by adopting membrane treatment processes to remove nitrogen and organics beyond conventional biological treatment processes. This study developed four common treatment strategies based on the existing operation and construction conditions of seven representative LTPs in China. We evaluated the LTPs' environmental impacts using life cycle assessment (LCA) following the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 14040 and ISO 14044). Compared with conventional secondary treatment processes, implementing high-level technologies to meet the strict standards could reduce an average of 59% of the eutrophication potential while increasing other environmental impacts resulting from both direct and indirect emissions by an average of 146%. We propose advanced technologies that integrate both midpoint and endpoint LCA results to meet stringent standards in areas sensitive to eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyue Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Symgreen Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100043, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Symgreen Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100043, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Chengdu Xingrong Renewable Energy Co. Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Dongbei Yue
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Liu H, Li H, Fang C, Mao H, Xue X, Wang Q. Removal of Di-n-butyl phthalate from aged leachate under optimal hydraulic condition of leachate treatment process and in the presence of its dominant bacterial strains. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112532. [PMID: 34280839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of hydraulic condition of reactor and the dominant degrading bacteria on the removal of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) from aged landfill leachate by anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A/A/O) leachate treatment process were investigated. The optimal DBP removal (96.0%) was obtained from aged leachate when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the reactor was 3 d, internal reflux ratio of the reactor was 200%, and external reflux ratio of the reactor was 60%, respectively. The removal efficiency of DBP was significantly improved after the inoculation of the dominant DBP-degrading bacteria (Pseudomonas sp. W1) in the reactor. The mean removal efficiencies of DBP before and after inoculation were 94.1% and 97.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the inoculation of dominant DBP-degrading bacteria changed the original sludge structure and characteristics, which was more conducive to the removal of DBP. These results provide theoretical basis for the effective removal of DBP from aged leachate by the biological treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Liu
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chengran Fang
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Hongzhi Mao
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Xiangdong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
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Guo C, Qin X, Guo R, Lv Y, Li M, Wang Z, Li T. Optimization of heterogeneous Fenton-like process with Cu-Fe@CTS as catalyst for degradation of organic matter in leachate concentrate and degradation mechanism research. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 134:220-230. [PMID: 34454188 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneous Fenton-like process with bimetallic chelated magnetic chitosan aerogel (Cu-Fe@CTS) as catalyst was applied to treat pre-coagulated leachate nanofiltration concentrate. The process conditions were optimized by Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and the maximum UV254 removal reached 96.06% under the conditions of temperature 87.62 °C, oxidant dosage 0.2395 mol/L and catalyst dosage 1 g/L. The TOC concentration was reduced from 847.5 to 99.7 mg/L and COD concentration was reduced from 1625 to 464 mg/L. The three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence analysis showed that most of Fulvic acid-like (FA-like) was removed. The adsorption experiment showed that the catalyst reached the adsorption balanced after 60 min and the corresponding FA adsorption removal reached 14.1%. The addition of Tert-butanol (TBA) reduced the FA removal by 59.4%, indicating that the hydroxyl radicals (OH) was the main active species. Experiments of the OH capture at different pH showed that the Fenton-like system produced more OH at pH of 4, at which the maximum FA removal was 96.61%, while the FA removal still reached 94.26% at pH of 7. The OH capture at different temperature showed that the Fenton-like system produced more OH at 90 °C. KI and TBA shielding experiments showed that OH was produced on the catalyst surface rather than being produced by catalysis of free metal ions in the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengrui Guo
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xia Qin
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yue Lv
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mingran Li
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Tinghui Li
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Characterization and photodegradation pathway of the leachate of Matuail sanitary landfill site, Dhaka South City Corporation, Bangladesh. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07924. [PMID: 34527825 PMCID: PMC8429108 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to characterize the biogeochemical and physicochemical properties of landfill leachate from Matuail Sanitary landfill site, Dhaka, Bangladesh. In addition, the study also aimed to identify the photodegradation of landfill leachate under natural sunlight. The leachate pH was slightly alkaline (7.87–8.07) with a minimum level of dissolved oxygen, and low BOD5/COD ratio that are indicators of the matured methanogenic phase. Ca, Fe, Br, Rb, Cu was present in a considerable amount. A trace amount of Sr, Co, As, Pb, Cr was found in the leachate sample. Fourier Transform - infrared (FTIR) spectra of all three samples had five major peak regions notably at 3440–3450 cm−1 (O–H groups of water), 1638 cm−1 (C=O Amide I, carboxylates C=C, aromatic ring modes, or alkenes), 1385–1390 cm−1 (deformation of the C–H bond in CH2 and CH3, or the asymmetric stretching of COO¯), 1115 cm−1 (stretching of the C–O bond in phenol ethers and phenols) and 605 cm−1 (S–O bends of sulfates). In addition to the appearance of new peak, peak shifting on the 2nd-day and 5th-day phototreatment are in compliance with the 34% TOC reduction. From analyzing three-dimensional excitation/emission (3D-EEM) spectra of the raw sample pyrene-like or humic-like peak A (Ex 255/Em 465), soil fulvic-like peak Mp (Ex 315/Em 450), and humic-like peak C (Ex 370/Em 455) was found indicating more humified characteristics of the mature landfill site. From 1-hour to 6-hours phototreatment, all three substances slightly lost fluorescence intensity. From the 2nd day to the 5th day of photo-treatment, two unknown photo-product was identified within Ex 210/Em 457 and Ex 205/Em 408 at peak A region. Fluorescence intensity lost was 65% for peak A and 44% for peak C. Soil fulvic-like peak Mp was absent on the 5th day of photo-treatment.
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Wdowczyk A, Szymańska-Pulikowska A. Analysis of the possibility of conducting a comprehensive assessment of landfill leachate contamination using physicochemical indicators and toxicity test. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112434. [PMID: 34153539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The inevitable consequence of the operation of landfills is the emission of leachate, which is considered to be one of the main polluters of the ground and water environment. The leachate contains soluble organic compounds, inorganic contaminants, suspended solids, heavy metals and dangerous substances. The selection of the leachate disposal method requires a comprehensive assessment of its properties. Therefore, the physicochemical parameters and toxicity tests were chosen for a comprehensive assessment of the properties of leachate. Four municipal waste landfills (operational and non-operational) were selected for the study, for which multidimensional statistical analyses were carried out. The study was conducted between the period of April 2018 and December 2019. The comprehensive assessment showed that pollutants in leachate from the analyzed landfills remained at a level which did not allow them to be discharged to water or soil. The presence of substances particularly harmful to the aquatic environment (e.g AN, chromium, copper) may hinder their treatment together with household sewage, as it involves obtaining a permit required under laws. Toxicity of leachate may also be a problem, as it may persist after the treatment process is completed. The values of pH, EC and the concentrations of ON, TDS, TSS, chloride, iron and manganese had the strongest influence on the properties of leachate from all landfills. For operational landfills, these were also calcium concentrations, for non-operational ones COD, TU and the concentrations of TKN, AN, TS, sodium, potassium and magnesium. The mentioned parameters also showed strong correlation with other physicochemical properties of the leachate, which indicate their suitability for the monitoring of leachate and the aquatic environment in the vicinity of municipal waste landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Wdowczyk
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Agata Szymańska-Pulikowska
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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49
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Teng C, Zhou K, Peng C, Chen W. Characterization and treatment of landfill leachate: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117525. [PMID: 34384952 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is a complicated organic wastewater generated in the sanitary landfilling process. Landfill leachate must be appropriately disposed to avoid ecotoxicity and environmental damage. An in depth understanding of the physiochemical characteristics and environmental behaviors of landfill leachate is essential for its effective treatment. In this study, recent advances on the properties of landfill leachate, its characterization methods and treatment techniques are critically reviewed. Specifically, the up-to-date spectroscopic techniques for landfill leachate characterization and advanced oxidation treatment techniques are highlighted. Moreover, the drawbacks and challenges of current techniques for landfill leachate characterization and treatment are discussed, along with the future perspectives in the development of characterization and treatment approaches for landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Teng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Kanggen Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Changhong Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China.
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Wang Y, Jin X, Zhuo N, Zhu G, Cai Z. Interaction-sedimentation strategy for highly efficient removal of refractory humic substances in biologically treated wastewater effluent: from mechanistic investigation to full-scale application. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126145. [PMID: 34098266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Based on the accurate characterization of the binding sites of humic substances (HS) and their binding coefficients with ferric ions (Fe(III)), a coupled interaction-sedimentation (CIS) technology was proposed for dealing with HS in the biologically treated wastewater effluent (BTWE) from a full-scale antibiotic production wastewater treatment plant. The infrared spectral and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance characteristics showed that (i) protonated carboxyl groups in HS were the main binding sites for Fe(III) and HS, (ii) one carboxyl group of HS interacted with one ferric ion, (iii) the Fe(III)-binding ability of fulvic acids (FA) was 2.8 times as much as that of humic acids (HA) when FA and HA coexisted, and (iv) the presence of non-humic substances in the effluent organic matter (EfOM) amplified the Fe(III)-binding ability difference between FA and HA to 4.9 times. Afterwards CIS technology was successfully optimized and applied in engineering-scale and superior HS and EfOM removal efficiencies of 94.2% and 84.0% were reached, respectively. The CIS technology and its engineering application in this study not only fulfill the direct discharging standard for antibiotic production wastewater, but also have the potential for replication in broader advanced treatments for BTWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Research Institute of Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xibiao Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Research Institute of Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ningze Zhuo
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Research Institute of Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Research Institute of Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengqing Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Research Institute of Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
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