1
|
Mussa ZH, Al-Qaim FF. A non-steroidal drug "diclofenac" is a substrate for electrochemical degradation process using graphite anode. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:461. [PMID: 36905447 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the electrochemical degradation process, the elimination of organic pollutants could be enhanced using supporting electrolyte and applied voltage. After degradation of the target organic compound, some by-products are formed. Chlorinated by-products are the main products formed in the presence of sodium chloride. In the present study, an electrochemical oxidation process has been applied to diclofenac (DCF) using graphite as an anode and sodium chloride (NaCl) as a supporting electrolyte. Monitoring the removal of the by-products and elucidating them were provided using HPLC and LC-TOF/MS, respectively. A high removal% of 94% DCF was observed under the conditions: 0.5 g NaCl, 5 V, and 80 min of electrolysis, while the removal% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 88% under the same conditions, but 360 min of electrolysis was required. The pseudo-first-order rate constant values were quite varied based on the selected experimental conditions; the rate constants were between 0.0062 and 0.054 min-1, between 0.0024 and 0.0326 min-1 under the influence of applied voltage and sodium chloride, respectively. The maximum values of energy consumption were 0.93 and 0.55 Wh/mg using 0.1 g NaCl and 7 V, respectively. Some chlorinated by-products, C13H18Cl2NO5, C11H10Cl3NO4, and C13H13Cl5NO5, were selected and elucidated using LC-TOF/MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fouad Fadhil Al-Qaim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science for Women, University of Babylon, PO Box 4, Hilla, Iraq.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cui L, Zhang Y, He K, Sun M, Zhang Z. Ti4O7 reactive electrochemical membrane for humic acid removal: Insights of electrosorption and electrooxidation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
3
|
Combining Ultraviolet Photolysis with In-Situ Electrochemical Oxidation for Degrading Sulfonamides in Wastewater. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet photolysis (UVC, 254 nm) was coupled with an electrochemical oxidation process to degrade three kinds of veterinary sulfonamide (sulfamethazine [SMZ] tablets, sulfamonomethoxine [SMM] tablets, and compound sulfamethoxazole [SMX] tablets). The treatment was applied using a flat ceramic microfiltration membrane to study the effects of photocatalysts. The effectiveness of degradation of the three sulfonamides was evaluated under different conditions. Dissolved oxygen was provided via aeration, but this resulted in a large decrease in the degradation effectiveness due to the inhibition of free chlorine electrogeneration. The photocatalysts had no promotional effect on sulfonamide removal from wastewater due to reduced UV penetration. Because of the different distribution coefficients of sulfonamides, UV irradiation had different effects on different sulfonamide species. For SMZ and SMM, anionic species exhibited a higher degradation rate, whereas for SMX, degradation was most effective for neutral species. In addition, the free chlorine yield increased as the pH increased. Free chlorine conversion reactions occurred under UV irradiation, with the reactions possibly restrained by sulfonamides. Reactive chlorine species promoted SMM degradation. Compared to UV irradiation or electrochemical oxidation alone, the UV/in-situ electrochemical oxidation process was more effective and is suitable for treating real wastewater under various environmental pH levels.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ning K, Wang J, Zeng X, Liu X, Yu R, Zhao Z. Organic removal from coal-to-chemical brine by a multistage system of adsorption-regeneration and electrochemically driven UV/chlorine processes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128379. [PMID: 35152102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of coal-to-gas brine (CGB) is a great challenge since it contains elevated inorganic salts and a high level of toxic and bio-accumulative organics. In this study, CGB treatment was conducted by adsorptionregeneration and electrochemically driven UV/chlorine (E-UV/Cl2) processes. LS-109D macroporous resin was optimal adsorbent primarily due to unique pore structure, which preferably adsorbed the aromatic fluorescent components with quenching Cl∙ effect and low molecular weight acids recalcitrant to ∙OH. The E-UV/Cl2 process outperformed the UV photolysis process and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) for oxidation of organic compounds due to its full utilization of Cl- in CGB to produce highly active oxidation agents. Thanks to the synergy between process units in organic matter removal, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of CGB was reduced from 163.41 mg/L to 26.58 mg/L by the multistage system. Furthermore, the CGB with characteristics of high fluorescence and molecular weight (MW) distribution was converted to effluent with low fluorescence and MW distribution. The exhausted LS-109D was regenerated by ultrasound-assisted hot water elution at 363 K. After pretreated by ozonation, the eluate can be easily treated by biological process. The study suggests that the multistage system can provide an effective treatment option for removing organics from CGB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Ning
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Campus, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Campus, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Campus, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Campus, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Rongzhen Yu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Campus, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Ziqi Zhao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Campus, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zou R, Tang K, Hambly AC, Wünsch UJ, Andersen HR, Angelidaki I, Zhang Y. When microbial electrochemistry meets UV: The applicability to high-strength real pharmaceutical industry wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127151. [PMID: 34536845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater from pharmaceutical and related industries contains many residual pharmaceutical components rich in color and high COD contents, which cannot be removed through the traditional wastewater treatment processes. Recently, microbial electrolysis ultraviolet cell (MEUC) process has shown its promising potential to remove recalcitrant organics because of its merits of wide pH range, iron-free, and without complications of iron sludge production. However, its application to the real pharmaceutical-rich industrial wastewater is still unknown. In this study, the MEUC process was validated with real ciprofloxacin-rich (6863.79 ± 2.21 µg L-1) industrial wastewater (6840 ± 110 mg L-1 of COD). The MEUC process achieved 100% removal of ciprofloxacin, 100% decolorization, and 99.1% removal of COD within 12, 60 and 30 h, respectively, when it was operated at pH-controlled at 7.8, applied voltage of 0.6 V, UV intensity of 10 mW cm-2, and cathodic aeration velocity of 0.005 mL min-1 mL-1. Moreover, fluorescence analysis showed that protein- and humic-like substances in such wastewater were effectively removed, providing further evidence of its high treatment efficiency. Furthermore, eco-toxicity testing with luminescent bacteria Vibro Feschri confirmed that the treated effluent was utterly non-toxic. The results demonstrated the broad application potential of MEUC technology for treating industrial wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rusen Zou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Adam C Hambly
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Urban J Wünsch
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Oceans and Arctic, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 201, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Henrik Rasmus Andersen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Treatment of Textile Wastewater Using Advanced Oxidation Processes—A Critical Review. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13243515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Textile manufacturing is a multi-stage operation process that produces significant amounts of highly toxic wastewater. Given the size of the global textile market and its environmental impact, the development of effective, economical, and easy-to handle alternative treatment technologies for textile wastewater is of significant interest. Based on the analysis of peer-reviewed publications over the last two decades, this paper provides a comprehensive review of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) on textile wastewater treatment, including their performances, mechanisms, advantages, disadvantages, influencing factors, and electrical energy per order (EEO) requirements. Fenton-based AOPs show the lowest median EEO value of 0.98 kWh m−3 order−1, followed by photochemical (3.20 kWh m−3 order−1), ozonation (3.34 kWh m−3 order−1), electrochemical (29.5 kWh m−3 order−1), photocatalysis (91 kWh m−3 order−1), and ultrasound (971.45 kWh m−3 order−1). The Fenton process can treat textile effluent at the lowest possible cost due to the minimal energy input and low reagent cost, while Ultrasound-based AOPs show the lowest electrical efficiency due to the high energy consumption. Further, to explore the applicability of these methods, available results from a full-scale implementation of the enhanced Fenton technology at a textile mill wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) are discussed. The WWTP operates at an estimated cost of CNY ¥1.62 m−3 (USD $0.23 m−3) with effluent meeting the China Grade I-A pollutant discharge standard for municipal WWTPs, indicating that the enhanced Fenton technology is efficient and cost-effective in industrial treatment for textile effluent.
Collapse
|
7
|
Brito LR, Ganiyu SO, dos Santos EV, Oturan MA, Martínez-Huitle CA. Removal of antibiotic rifampicin from aqueous media by advanced electrochemical oxidation: Role of electrode materials, electrolytes and real water matrices. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
8
|
Kim S, Lee T, Han S, Lee C, Kim C, Yoon J. Ir0.11Fe0.25O0.64 as a highly efficient electrode for electrochlorination in dilute chloride solutions. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
9
|
Ye S, Chen Y, Yao X, Zhang J. Simultaneous removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals in wastewater by photoelectrocatalysis: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:128503. [PMID: 33070977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As a powerful technique by combining photocatalysis with electrochemistry, photoelectrocatalysis has been extensively explored to simultaneously remove mixed pollutants of organic and heavy metal in wastewater in the past decade. In the photoelectrocatalytic system, the bias potential can remarkably promote the oxidation of organic pollutants on the photoanode by suppressing the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and extending the lifetime of photogenerated holes. Meanwhile, some photogenerated electrons are driven by the bias potential to the cathode to reduce heavy metals. In this review, we summarize the research advances in photoelectrocatalytic treatment of organic-heavy metal mixed pollution systems under UV light, visible light and sunlight. We demonstrate the main operation variables affecting the photoelectrocatalytic removal processes of organic pollutants and heavy metals. The problems for utilization of solar energy in photoelectrocatalysis are discussed. Finally, this review proposes the perspectives for future development of photoelectrocatalysis to industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangshi Ye
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yingxu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoling Yao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Mello R, Rodrigo MA, Motheo AJ. Electro-oxidation of tetracycline in methanol media on DSA®-Cl 2. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:129696. [PMID: 33524759 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The electro-oxidation of tetracycline (TeC) in methanol medium containing chloride or sulfate ions was evaluated using a DSA®-Cl2 in a flow reactor and compared with BDD. The results show that after 30 min of electrolysis no TeC is detected by liquid chromatography when chloride is used as supporting electrolyte. On the other hand, after 90 min of electrolysis using a BDD anode only 61% of TeC was removed from solutions with chloride, but in the presence of sulfate the removal reaches 94%. This evidences that the oxidizing species generated during electrochemical oxidation control the process and the mechanism of degradation of the TeC. Besides that, it was possible to infer that only a small amount of methanol might convert to formaldehyde or formic acid, although they were not detected according to the nil changes in the FTIR spectra or in the HPLC chromatograms recorded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo de Mello
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Manuel A Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Sciences & Technologies, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Campus Universitario S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Process Optimization of Waste Activated Sludge in Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production by Electrochemical Pre-Treatment Using Ruthenium Oxide Coated Titanium Electrodes. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13094874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) appears to be a popular unit operation in wastewater treatment plant to treat waste activated sludge (WAS) and the produced methane gas can be harvested as renewable energy. However, WAS could inhibit hydrolysis stage during AD and hence pre-treatment is required to overcome the issue. This paper aimed to study the effect of electrochemical pre-treatment (EP) towards efficiency of AD using titanium coated with ruthenium oxide (Ti/RuO2) electrodes. The investigation has been carried out using in-house laboratory batch-scale mesophilic anaerobic digester, mixed under manipulation of important operating parameters. Optimization was performed on EP using response surface methodology and central composite design to maximize sludge disintegration and dewaterability. By operating at optimal conditions (pH 11.65, total solids 22,000 mg/L, electrolysis time 35 min, current density 6 mA/cm2, and 1000 mg/L of sodium chloride), the pre-treated WAS in terms of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) removal, soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), capillary suction time (CST) reduction, and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) were 38%, 4800 mg/L (increased from 935 mg/L), 33%, and 218 mg/L, respectively. Following AD, the volatile solids (VS) removal and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal by EP were enhanced from 40.7% and 54.7% to 47.2% and 61.5%, respectively, at steady-state. The biogas produced from control and electrochemical pre-treated WAS were in the ranges of 0.12 to 0.17 and 0.2 to 0.24 m3/kg VSfed, respectively, and the volume of biogas produced was 44–67% over the control. Based on the results obtained, suitability of EP for WAS prior to AD was confirmed.
Collapse
|
12
|
Efficiency and Energy Demand in Polishing Treatment of Wastewater Treatment Plants Effluents: Photoelectrocatalysis vs. Photocatalysis and Photolysis. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13060821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), photolysis (PL), and photocatalysis (PC) were applied to increase the biodegradability of wastewaters effluents sampled from a plant collecting both municipal wastewaters and aqueous waste. In PEC, the catalyst was a porous TiO2 photoanode obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation and electrically polarized during operation. In PC a dispersion of TiO2 powders was used. The same irradiation shielding, and similar catalyst surface areas were set for PC and PEC, allowing a straightforward evaluation of the catalytic effect of the electrical polarization of TiO2 during operation. Results showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removal rates follow the order: PEC > PL and PEC > PC. The specific biodegradability rate (SBR) increased following the same order, the PEC process allowing SBR values more than twice higher than PL and PC. The operating costs were calculated based on the electrical energy per order of COD, color, and SBR values, demonstrating that at the laboratory scale the energy demand of PEC is significantly lower than the other two tested processes.
Collapse
|
13
|
Sorlini S, Collivignarelli C, Carnevale Miino M, Caccamo FM, Collivignarelli MC. Kinetics of Microcystin-LR Removal in a Real Lake Water by UV/H 2O 2 Treatment and Analysis of Specific Energy Consumption. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12120810. [PMID: 33371280 PMCID: PMC7766062 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12120810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The hepatotoxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR) represents one of the most toxic cyanotoxins for human health. Considering its harmful effect, the World Health Organization recommended a limit in drinking water (DW) of 1 µg L−1. Due to the ineffectiveness of conventional treatments present in DW treatment plants against MC-LR, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are gaining interest due to the high redox potential of the OH• radicals. In this work UV/H2O2 was applied to a real lake water to remove MC-LR. The kinetics of the UV/H2O2 were compared with those of UV and H2O2 showing the following result: UV/H2O2 > UV > H2O2. Within the range of H2O2 tested (0–0.9 mM), the results showed that H2O2 concentration and the removal kinetics followed an increasing quadratic relation. By increasing the initial concentration of H2O2, the consumption of oxidant also increased but, in terms of MC-LR degraded for H2O2 dosed, the removal efficiency decreased. As the initial MC-LR initial concentration increased, the removal kinetics increased up to a limit concentration (80 µg L−1) in which the presence of high amounts of the toxin slowed down the process. Operating with UV fluence lower than 950 mJ cm−2, UV alone minimized the specific energy consumption required. UV/H2O2 (0.3 mM) and UV/H2O2 (0.9 mM) were the most advantageous combination when operating with UV fluence of 950–1400 mJ cm−2 and higher than 1400 mJ cm−2, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sorlini
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Carlo Collivignarelli
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Marco Carnevale Miino
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.M.); (F.M.C.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Francesca Maria Caccamo
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.M.); (F.M.C.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Maria Cristina Collivignarelli
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.M.); (F.M.C.); (M.C.C.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Water Research, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shi B, Gao S, Yu H, Zhang L, Song C, Huang K. Fe0 nanoparticles encapsulated in hollow porous nanosphere frameworks for efficient degradation of methyl orange. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
15
|
Collivignarelli MC, Abbà A, Carnevale Miino M, Arab H, Bestetti M, Franz S. Decolorization and biodegradability of a real pharmaceutical wastewater treated by H 2O 2-assisted photoelectrocatalysis on TiO 2 meshes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 387:121668. [PMID: 31784132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) for the treatment of industrial wastewaters (IWWs) has been repeatedly proposed. However, despite the number of tests reported in literature, only a few of them were conducted on real IWWs. In this study, real pharmaceutical IWWs showing an intense recalcitrant color were treated by PEC and H2O2-assisted PEC (UV/TiO2/Bias and UV/H2O2/TiO2/Bias, respectively) on TiO2 meshes having sub-micrometric features obtained by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation. Photolysis (UV), chemical oxidation (H2O2) and H2O2-assisted photolysis (UV/H2O2) were tested in the same reactor for comparison. The configuration UV/H2O2/TiO2/bias showed the best results in term of decolorization efficiency and rate, where decolorization was 55 % (single-step H2O2 dosing) and 44 % (three-step H2O2 dosing), after 2 h of contact time. In the same contact time, UV and UV/TiO2/Bias processes did not give decolorization. A more effective COD removal was measured for the PEC processes, UV/H2O2/TiO2/Bias (-24 %) and UV/TiO2/Bias (-20 %), while COD removal by UV was almost 0 %. Correspondingly, the SOUR values showed that PEC combined with a single-step H2O2 dosage was the most effective configuration, leading to the highest biodegradability of the treated IWW with respect to the other processes. The energy consumption analysis demonstrated that PEC+H2O2 (single-step dosage) optimized energy costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Abbà
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Carnevale Miino
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Hamed Arab
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bestetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Franz
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Orts F, Bonastre J, Fernández J, Cases F. Effect of chloride on the one step electrochemical treatment of an industrial textile wastewater with tin dioxide anodes. The case of trichromy procion HEXL. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125396. [PMID: 31784183 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The resulting solutions from the cotton fabrics dyeing using the trichromy Procion HEXL, with NaCl as electrolyte, were electrochemically treated. These dyes have two azo groups as chromophores and two monochlorotriazinic groups as reactive groups in their structure. The combined oxidation/reduction at 125 mA cm-2 in a filter-press cell without compartment separation was carried out using an anode of Ti/SnO2-Sb-Pt and a cathode of stainless steel. This procedure has been effective in previous experiments using sulphate as electrolyte. A significant decrease in total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total nitrogen (TN) was obtained. Moreover, the process took place efficiently. The average oxidation state (AOS) and the carbon oxidation state (COS) data confirmed the presence of stable oxidized intermediates in the electrolysed solution. The chromatography and the UV-Visible spectrophotometry assays indicated that full decolourisation is obtained at a loaded charge of around 0.81 Ah L-1 which is associated with an electrical energy per order (EEO) of 1.20 kWh m-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Orts
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell, s/n, 03801, Alcoy, Spain
| | - J Bonastre
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell, s/n, 03801, Alcoy, Spain
| | - J Fernández
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell, s/n, 03801, Alcoy, Spain
| | - F Cases
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy, Universitat Politècnica de València, Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell, s/n, 03801, Alcoy, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang G, Liu Y, Ye J, Lin Z, Yang X. Electrochemical oxidation of methyl orange by a Magnéli phase Ti 4O 7 anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125084. [PMID: 31627111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, high quality Magnéli phase Ti4O7 bulks with electrical conductivity up to 961.5 S cm-1 were successfully prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and then served as electrode materials for electrochemical oxidation of azo dye methyl orange (MO). The influences of current density and initial dye concentration on the removal rates of MO and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were studied. Removal of MO and COD exhibited an increase with increasing current density and decreasing initial concentration of MO. Complete removal of MO was realized within a short time under all experimental conditions. The removal rate of COD reached 91.7% when current density was 10 mA cm-2 and initial dye concentration was 100 mg L-1. In addition, the electrochemical oxidation rate could be described through a pseudo-first-order kinetic constant k, and the obtained experimental results could be well fitted with a proposed kinetic model in all the examined conditions. Possible degradation mechanisms for electrochemical oxidation of MO by Ti4O7 electrode were proposed on the basis of intermediate products analysis. Tests were also conducted with other commercial electrodes for comparison, including commercial graphite, stainless-steel and dimension stable anode (DSA) electrodes. The results showed that Ti4O7 anode exhibited the fastest electrochemical oxidation rates than those of the other electrodes. This study provides a feasible method for realizing high efficiency of electrochemical oxidation degradation by Ti4O7 electrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangrui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinwen Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifeng Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sandoval MA, Zúñiga‐Mallea N, Espinoza LC, Vidal J, Jara‐Ulloa P, Salazar R. Decolorization and Degradation of a Mixture of Industrial Azo Dyes by Anodic Oxidation Using a Ti/Ru
0.3
Ti
0.7
O
2
(DSA‐Cl
2
) Electrode. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Sandoval
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica Medio AmbientalLEQMA. Departamento de Química de los MaterialesFacultad de Química y BiologíaUniversidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago Chile
- Departamento de Ingeniería QuímicaDivisión de Ciencias Naturales y ExactasUniversidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N 36050 Guanajuato Guanajuato México
| | - Nury Zúñiga‐Mallea
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica Medio AmbientalLEQMA. Departamento de Química de los MaterialesFacultad de Química y BiologíaUniversidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago Chile
| | - L. Carolina Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica Medio AmbientalLEQMA. Departamento de Química de los MaterialesFacultad de Química y BiologíaUniversidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago Chile
| | - Jorge Vidal
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica Medio AmbientalLEQMA. Departamento de Química de los MaterialesFacultad de Química y BiologíaUniversidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago Chile
| | - Paola Jara‐Ulloa
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica y Superficies ModificadasUniversidad Andres Bello Avenida República 330, Santiago Chile
| | - Ricardo Salazar
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica Medio AmbientalLEQMA. Departamento de Química de los MaterialesFacultad de Química y BiologíaUniversidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago Chile
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of the Rhodamine B dye (Rh-B) was carried out using dimensionally stable type anode (DSA, Ti/Ru0.3Ti0.7O2). The work was performed using the electrochemical flow cell system. The effect of several operating factors, such as supporting electrolytes, current density, electrolysis time, temperature, and initial concentration of Rh-B dye, were investigated. The UV-visible spectroscopy and chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements were conducted to monitor the removal and degradation of Rh-B. The best color removal achieved was found to be 98.3% after 10 min applying 3.9 mA·cm−2 as a current density using 0.07 mol·L−1 of NaCl. Meanwhile, the highest COD removal rate (93.0%) was obtained for an applied current density of 3.9 mA·cm−2 as the optimal operating condition after 180 min reaction time, with 2.98 kW h·m−3 as energy consumption. This shows that the best conditions for color removal are not certainly the same as those for the COD removal. The rises in the concentration of NaCl, and applied current increased the Rh-B color removal rate. The decline in Rh-B dye concentration followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The obtained values of apparent rate constant were increased by increasing chloride ion concentration. It is concluded that the electro-oxidation on DSA electrode using a flow cell is a suitable process for the removal of Rh-B dye in aqueous solutions.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ganesan S, Amirthalingam M, Arivalagan P, Govindan S, Palanisamy S, Lingassamy AP, Ponnusamy VK. Absolute removal of ciprofloxacin and its degraded byproducts in aqueous solution using an efficient electrochemical oxidation process coupled with adsorption treatment technique. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 245:409-417. [PMID: 31163378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical-based contaminants are the major reasons for morbidity and mortality in aquatic animals and lead to several side effects and diseases in human community. Availability of proper, efficient, and cost-effective treatment technologies is still scarce. In this study, an efficient combined treatment technique (electrochemical oxidation and adsorption processes) was developed for the complete detoxification of most commonly used antibiotic, ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution. Electrochemical degradation of ciprofloxacin was performed using titanium-based tri-metal oxide mesh type anode, and the effective oxidative potential, electrolysis time, and pH for the degradation of ciprofloxacin were thoroughly evaluated. Sulfate, fluoride ions and toxic byproducts generated during electrochemical oxidation of ciprofloxacin were subsequently removed through a simple adsorption treatment using activated charcoal for 90 min. Further, the toxicity of the treated water was assessed with the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans species at different time intervals by observing the expressions of important stress-responsive genes viz., sod-3, hsp-16.2, ctl-1,2,3 and gst-4. The results exhibited that the combined process of electrochemical oxidation and adsorption treatment is simple, low-cost as well as effective to eliminate ciprofloxacin and its toxic byproducts in aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivarasan Ganesan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City-807, Taiwan; Environmental Ecology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohankumar Amirthalingam
- Unit of Nematology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pugazhendhi Arivalagan
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labor Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Shanmugam Govindan
- Unit of Nematology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundararaj Palanisamy
- Unit of Nematology, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arul Pragasan Lingassamy
- Environmental Ecology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City-807, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Núñez J, Yeber M, Cisternas N, Thibaut R, Medina P, Carrasco C. Application of electrocoagulation for the efficient pollutants removal to reuse the treated wastewater in the dyeing process of the textile industry. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 371:705-711. [PMID: 30897490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of using electrocoagulation for efficient removal of pollutants in the industrial liquid waste of a textile industry was studied. The performance of the process was evaluated through the analysis of color, turbidity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The analysis was first done with the wastewater coming from the process of dyeing linen, which is the most polluting of all effluents that reach the residual effluent pool (REP). For the analysis, the MODDE 7.0 software was used to construct a statistical model. With the results obtained from this model and the experimental measurements, response surfaces were obtained. These response surfaces predicted the behavior of electrocoagulation for different values of the studied variables (pH, current density, and treatment time). Based on the obtained results, the wastewater coming from the REP was treated using the optimum values for the operational variables. After the treatment it was possible to remove 86% color, 82% turbidity, and 59% COD. It was demonstrated that reusing the treated water in the process of wool dyeing does not have a negative effect on the quality of the dyed fabric. Thus, it is possible to implement the process in the textile industry to reduce the consumption of water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Núñez
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 270, Concepción, Chile
| | - M Yeber
- Departament of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Catholic University of the Santísima Concepción, Alonso de Ribera 2850, casilla 297, Concepción, Chile
| | - N Cisternas
- Solar Energy Research Center, SERC, Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Thibaut
- Crossville Fabric, Mariano Egaña 820, Tomé, Chile
| | - P Medina
- Departament of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Catholic University of the Santísima Concepción, Alonso de Ribera 2850, casilla 297, Concepción, Chile
| | - C Carrasco
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 270, Concepción, Chile; Solar Energy Research Center, SERC, Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ganiyu SO, Martínez‐Huitle CA. Nature, Mechanisms and Reactivity of Electrogenerated Reactive Species at Thin‐Film Boron‐Doped Diamond (BDD) Electrodes During Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201900159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soliu O. Ganiyu
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Alberta Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2W2
- Institute of ChemistryFederal University of Rio Grande do Norte Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970 Natal, RN Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Martínez‐Huitle
- Institute of ChemistryFederal University of Rio Grande do Norte Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970 Natal, RN Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Antonelli R, de Araújo KS, Pires RF, Fornazari ALDT, Granato AC, Malpass GRP. Electrochemical production and use of free chlorine for pollutant removal: an experimental design approach. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:321-328. [PMID: 29082821 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1392617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present paper presents the study of (1) the optimization of electrochemical-free chlorine production using an experimental design approach, and (2) the application of the optimum conditions obtained for the application in photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of simulated textile effluent. In the experimental design the influence of inter-electrode gap, pH, NaCl concentration and current was considered. It was observed that the four variables studied are significant for the process, with NaCl concentration and current being the most significant variables for free chlorine production. The maximum free chlorine production was obtained at a current of 2.33 A and NaCl concentrations in 0.96 mol dm-3. The application of the optimized conditions with simultaneous UV irradiation resulted in up to 83.1% Total Organic Carbon removal and 100% of colour removal over 180 min of electrolysis. The results indicate that a systematic (statistical) approach to the electrochemical treatment of pollutants can save time and reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Antonelli
- a Departamento de Engenharia Química , Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Karla Santos de Araújo
- b Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Francisco Pires
- b Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza de Toledo Fornazari
- b Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Granato
- a Departamento de Engenharia Química , Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
- b Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Geoffroy Roger Pointer Malpass
- a Departamento de Engenharia Química , Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
- b Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pinto CF, Antonelli R, de Araújo KS, Fornazari ALDT, Fernandes DM, Granato AC, Azevedo EB, Malpass GRP. Experimental-design-guided approach for the removal of atrazine by sono-electrochemical-UV-chlorine techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:430-440. [PMID: 29052462 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1395480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the electrochemical formation of free chlorine species (HOCl/ClO-) and their subsequent use for the degradation of the pesticide atrazine. Initially, the process of electrochemical-free chlorine production was investigated using a bench-scale electrochemical flow-cell. The most significant variables (electrolyte concentration ([NaCl]) and inter-electrode gap) of the process were obtained using a 23 factorial design and the optimum process conditions (1.73 mol L-1 and 0.56 cm) were determined by a central composite design. Following optimization of free chlorine production, three degradation techniques were investigated, individually and in combination, for atrazine degradation: electrochemical, photochemical and sonochemical. The method using the techniques in combination was denominated sono-photo-assisted electrochemical degradation. Constant current assays were performed and the sono-photo-assisted electrochemical process promoted more efficient removal of atrazine, achieving total organic carbon removal of ∼98% and removal of atrazine to levels below the detection limit (>99%) in under 30 min of treatment. Furthermore, the combination of three techniques displayed lower energy consumption, and phytotoxicity tests (Lactuca sativa) showed that there was no increase in toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ferreira Pinto
- a Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Chemistry of Minas Gerais , Federal University of the Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Raissa Antonelli
- a Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Chemistry of Minas Gerais , Federal University of the Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Karla Santos de Araújo
- a Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Chemistry of Minas Gerais , Federal University of the Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
- b Professional Master's Program in Technological Innovation , Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza de Toledo Fornazari
- b Professional Master's Program in Technological Innovation , Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - David Maikel Fernandes
- b Professional Master's Program in Technological Innovation , Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Granato
- b Professional Master's Program in Technological Innovation , Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| | | | - Geoffroy Roger Pointer Malpass
- a Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Chemistry of Minas Gerais , Federal University of the Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
- b Professional Master's Program in Technological Innovation , Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Uberaba , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ganiyu SO, Oturan N, Raffy S, Cretin M, Causserand C, Oturan MA. Efficiency of plasma elaborated sub-stoichiometric titanium oxide (Ti4O7) ceramic electrode for advanced electrochemical degradation of paracetamol in different electrolyte media. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
26
|
Rivero EP, Rodríguez FA, Cruz-Díaz MR, González I. Reactive diffusion migration layer and mass transfer wall function to model active chlorine generation in a filter press type electrochemical reactor for organic pollutant degradation. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
27
|
Periyasamy S, Muthuchamy M. Electrochemical degradation of psychoactive drug caffeine in aqueous solution using graphite electrode. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:2373-2381. [PMID: 28705089 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1355932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the electrochemical degradation of caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) in aqueous solution by a graphite electrode was investigated. Electrochemical degradation was tested by the cyclic voltametry technique performed in the potential range of -1.0 to +1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl, which confirmed the electro-activity of the selected caffeine. The effects of the treatment process variables, such as initial pH, current density, electrolyte concentration and electrolysis time on the degradation of caffeine, were explored. During the various stages of electrolysis, parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) were analysed. The maximum COD and TOC removal efficiencies of 85% and 77% were achieved at neutral pH 7, operated at a current density of 5.1 mA/cm2, electrolyte (Na2SO4) concentration of 0.1 M and at 240 min electrolysis time. From this study, it can be concluded that the electrochemical treatment process could effectively reduce the COD and TOC from the caffeine in aqueous medium. The degradation of the caffeine was confirmed by UV spectra, IR spectra and HPLC analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selvendiran Periyasamy
- a Environmental Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India
| | - Muthukumar Muthuchamy
- a Environmental Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , India
- b Department of Environmental Science , Central University of Kerala , Kasaragod , India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Durán FE, de Araújo DM, do Nascimento Brito C, Santos EV, Ganiyu SO, Martínez-Huitle CA. Electrochemical technology for the treatment of real washing machine effluent at pre-pilot plant scale by using active and non-active anodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
29
|
Viana DF, Salazar-Banda GR, Leite MS. Electrochemical degradation of Reactive Black 5 with surface response and artificial neural networks optimization models. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2018.1463264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo F. Viana
- Sociedade de Educação Tiradentes, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Programa de Pósgraduação em Engenharia de Processos, Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo R. Salazar-Banda
- Sociedade de Educação Tiradentes, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Programa de Pósgraduação em Engenharia de Processos, Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Manuela S. Leite
- Sociedade de Educação Tiradentes, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Programa de Pósgraduação em Engenharia de Processos, Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Morales U, Escudero CJ, Rivero MJ, Ortiz I, Rocha JM, Peralta-Hernández JM. Coupling of the electrochemical oxidation (EO-BDD)/photocatalysis (TiO2-Fe-N) processes for degradation of acid blue BR dye. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
31
|
Gupta VK, Fakhri A, Azad M, Agarwal S. Synthesis of CdSe quantum dots decorated SnO 2 nanotubes as anode for photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of hydrochlorothiazide: Kinetic process. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 508:575-582. [PMID: 28869914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical residues have been increasingly detected in the aquatic environment and are considered important contaminants of emerging concern. This study examines the photo assisted electrochemical degradation of the Hydrochlorothiazide by using CdSe quantum dots decorated SnO2 nanotubes. The characteristic devices such as Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance Transmission electron Microscopy were used to analyze information structure of CdSe QDs/SnO2 nanotubes. All the experiments were perform with influence of the current density (10-60mAcm-2) and sodium chloride (0.02-0.10molL-1) in the supporting electrolyte composition was analyzed. The results showed that the Hydrochlorothiazide and TOC removal was achieved in the current density range used. As expected, the degradation kinetics presented a pseudo first order behavior. Comparison of the efficiencies of the photocatalytic, electrochemical (EC) and photo-assisted electrochemical (PAEC) techniques verified that the combined process showed a synergism for HCT and TOC removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Gupta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Ali Fakhri
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mona Azad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shilpi Agarwal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fabrication of a Ti/TiO2/NiO electrode for electrocatalytic nitrite removal. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
33
|
Wang H, Wang Y, Lou Z, Zhu N, Yuan H. The degradation processes of refractory substances in nanofiltration concentrated leachate using micro-ozonation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 69:274-280. [PMID: 28886976 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Concentrated leachate (CL) is the byproduct of leachate treated by the membrane separation unit after bio-treatment processes, and contains many humic-like substances. Ozonation processes were applied and optimized for the further removal of those refractory matters in this work. Micro-bubble ozonation (MB-O3) possessed the best performance, and 76.0% and 69.9% of COD and TOC were found to be removed under the optimum conditions with ozone dosage of 2.4g/L, initial pH of 9 and reaction time of 120min. The reaction rate k in MB-O3 was 0.0104min-1, three times higher than that in normal O3. The percentages of humic acid and fulvic acid in CL decreased from 24.1% to 14.3% and 49.6% to 25.0%, while that of HyI substances increased from 26.3% to 60.7%, which was also found in the fraction of <2000Da, with the occupied percentage increased from 0 to 63.0%. The humic acid-like substances might be transformed to matters with carbonyl and carboxyl group, since a continuous blue-shift was observed from Em/Ex 475/390 to 410/325nm. MB-O3 could be a promising method for the advanced treatment of CL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yunhai Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Haiping Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hussain S, Steter JR, Gul S, Motheo AJ. Photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of sulfamethoxazole using a Ti/Ru 0.3Ti 0.7O 2 anode: Mechanistic and kinetic features of the process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 201:153-162. [PMID: 28654803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the photo-assisted electrochemical degradation and mineralization of the antibiotic contaminant sulfamethoxazole (SMX). All the experiments were perform using a flow electrolytic cell, in which the influence of the current density (10-60 mA cm-2) and sodium chloride (0.02-0.10 mol L-1) in the supporting electrolyte composition was analyzed. The results showed that the total SMX and 50% TOC removal was achieved in the current density range used. As expected, the degradation kinetics presented a pseudo first order behavior and the rate constant increased from 0.05 min-1 to 0.50 min-1 as the current density raised from 10 to 60 mA cm-1. In addition, the values of the electrical energy per order (EEO) increased from 0.67 to 1.06 kW/hm-3 order-1 as the current density increased from 10 to 60 mAcm-2 and drop from 8.82 to 0.57 kW/hm-3 order-1 at supporting electrolyte concentration of 0.02-0.1 mol L-1. The reaction intermediates identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry allowed proposing a mechanism for the degradation. The use of photo assistance in the electrochemical process involved simultaneous reactions, for example, aromatic ring substitutions and hydroxylation. These reactions led to aromatic rings opening that generated simpler organic molecules, making possible the mineralization of the SMX molecule. Probable degradation pathways were proposed and discussed. Comparison of the efficiencies of the photocatalytic, electrochemical (EC) and photo-assisted electrochemical (PAEC) techniques revealed that the combined process showed a synergism for TOC removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Hussain
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, KPK, 23460, Pakistan
| | - Juliana R Steter
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Saima Gul
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Alachlor removal performance of Ti/Ru0.3Ti0.7O2 anodes prepared from ionic liquid solution. J Solid State Electrochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-017-3700-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
36
|
Negueroles PG, Bou-Belda E, Santos-Juanes L, Amat AM, Arques A, Vercher RF, Monllor P, Vicente R. Treatment and reuse of textile wastewaters by mild solar photo-Fenton in the presence of humic-like substances. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:12664-12672. [PMID: 27783248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the possibility of reusing textile effluents for new dyeing baths has been investigated. For this purpose, different trichromies using Direct Red 80, Direct Blue 106, and Direct Yellow 98 on cotton have been used. Effluents have been treated by means of a photo-Fenton process at pH 5. Addition of humic-like substances isolated form urban wastes is necessary in order to prevent iron deactivation because of the formation of non-active iron hydroxides. Laboratory-scale experiments carried out with synthetic effluents show that comparable results were obtained when using as solvent water treated by photo-Fenton with SBO and fresh deionized water. Experiments were scaled up to pilot plant illuminated under sunlight, using in this case a real textile effluent. Decoloration of the effluent could be achieved after moderate irradiation and cotton dyed with this water presented similar characteristics as when deionized water was used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P G Negueroles
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada. Dpto. de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy, Spain
| | - E Bou-Belda
- Grupo de Investigación y Gestión Integral en la Industria Textil. Dpto. de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy, Spain
| | - L Santos-Juanes
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada. Dpto. de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy, Spain
| | - A M Amat
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada. Dpto. de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy, Spain
| | - A Arques
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada. Dpto. de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy, Spain
| | - R F Vercher
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada. Dpto. de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy, Spain
| | - P Monllor
- Grupo de Investigación y Gestión Integral en la Industria Textil. Dpto. de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy, Spain
| | - R Vicente
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada. Dpto. de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Aquino JM, Miwa DW, Rodrigo MA, Motheo AJ. Treatment of actual effluents produced in the manufacturing of atrazine by a photo-electrolytic process. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 172:185-192. [PMID: 28068570 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of a real effluent of the atrazine manufacturing process containing atrazine, simazine, hydroxy-triazine and propazine was carried out galvanostatically using a pilot-scale tubular flow reactor prototype containing DSA® and Ti as cathode. The effluent was mainly characterized by a high amount of NaCl, required in the synthesis route used, and it was used as taken in the factory. The variables for process optimization were the current density (3.0, 6.0, and 9.0 mA cm-2) and flow rate (300 and 3,000 L h-1). These later values produces laminar and turbulent flow regimes, with Reynolds numbers of 1,100 and 11,000, respectively. None of the four organics contained in the waste is refractory to the photo-electrochemical treatment and they are depleted with the photo-electrolytic technology using large current densities and appropriate electric charge passed. Both direct electrochemical process and mediated anodic oxidation occur during the treatment. First process occurs at turbulent flow condition and low current densities, while the chemical oxidation process happens at laminar flow condition and high current densities. Atrazine and propazine are efficiently removed at laminar flow conditions, with an almost total depletion for the largest current densities. On the contrary, simazine is efficiently removed in turbulent flow conditions and intermediate current density, with removals higher than 90% for 20 kWh m-3. These results have great significance because they demonstrate the applicability of the electrochemical technology in the treatment of real industrial wastes with a cell specially designed to attain high efficiency in the removal of pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José M Aquino
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Douglas W Miwa
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Manuel A Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Sciences & Technologies, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Monolithic Porous Magnéli-phase Ti4O7 for Electro-oxidation Treatment of Industrial Wastewater. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
39
|
de Mello Florêncio T, de Araújo KS, Antonelli R, de Toledo Fornazari AL, da Cunha PCR, da Silva Bontempo LH, de Jesus Motheo A, Granato AC, Malpass GRP. Photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of simulated textile effluent coupled with simultaneous chlorine photolysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:19292-19301. [PMID: 27364489 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The influence of chloride ion concentration during the photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of simulated textile effluent, using a commercial Ti/Ru0.3Ti0.7O2 anode, was evaluated. Initially, the effect of applied current and supporting electrolyte concentration on the conversion of chloride ions to form reactive chlorine species in 90 min of experiment was analyzed in order to determine the maximum production of reactive chlorine species. The optimum conditions encountered (1.5 A and 0.3 mol dm(-3) NaCl) were subsequently employed for the degradation of simulated textile effluent. The efficiency of the process was determined through the analysis of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), of the presence of organochlorine products and phytotoxicity. Photo-assisted electrochemical degradation was more efficient for COD and TOC removal than the electrochemical technique alone. With simultaneous UV irradiation, a reduced quantity of reactive chlorine was produced, indicating that photolysis of the chlorine species led to the formation of hydroxyl radicals. This fact turns a simple electrochemical process into an advanced oxidation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaíla de Mello Florêncio
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Karla Santos de Araújo
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Raissa Antonelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Química de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1400, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza de Toledo Fornazari
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Cordeiro Rodrigues da Cunha
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Letícia Helena da Silva Bontempo
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Artur de Jesus Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, P.O. Box780, Sao Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Granato
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Geoffroy Roger Pointer Malpass
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Inovação Tecnológica, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Química de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1400, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Doutor Randolfo Borges Júnior, 1250, Univerdecidade, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang Y, Shin J, Jasper JT, Hoffmann MR. Multilayer Heterojunction Anodes for Saline Wastewater Treatment: Design Strategies and Reactive Species Generation Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:8780-7. [PMID: 27402194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Multilayer heterojunction SbSn/CoTi/Ir anodes, which consist of Ir0.7Ta0.3O2 bottom layers coated onto a titanium base, Co-TiO2 interlayers, and overcoated discrete Sb-SnO2 islands, were prepared by spray pyrolysis. The Ir0.7Ta0.3O2 bottom layer serves as an Ohmic contact to facilitate electron transfer from semiconductor layers to the Ti base. The Co-TiO2 interlayer and overcoated Sb-SnO2 islands enhance the evolution of reactive chlorine. The surficial Sb-SnO2 islands also serve as the reactive sites for free radical generation. Experiments coupled with computational kinetic simulations show that while ·OH and Cl· are initially produced on the SbSn/CoTi/Ir anode surface, the dominant radical formed in solution is the dichlorine radical anion, Cl2·(-). The steady-state concentration of reactive radicals is 10 orders of magnitude lower than that of reactive chlorine. The SbSn/CoTi/Ir anode was applied to electrochemically treat human wastewater. These test results show that COD and NH4(+) can be removed after 2 h of electrolysis with minimal energy consumption (370 kWh/kg COD and 383 kWh/kg NH4(+)). Although free radical species contribute to COD removal, anodes designed to enhance reactive chlorine production are more effective than those designed to enhance free radical production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Linde + Robinson Laboratories California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jieun Shin
- Linde + Robinson Laboratories California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Justin T Jasper
- Linde + Robinson Laboratories California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michael R Hoffmann
- Linde + Robinson Laboratories California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cardoso JC, Bessegato GG, Boldrin Zanoni MV. Efficiency comparison of ozonation, photolysis, photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis methods in real textile wastewater decolorization. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 98:39-46. [PMID: 27076061 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of real effluents from industries using AOPs stands to be an imperative task of crucial importance yet quite huge a challenge largely given the nature of complexity of these wastewaters. The present work sought to develop a versatile system aimed at the treatment of real wastewater using a bubbling annular reactor, which enables us to test the efficiency of photolysis; photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis and direct ozonation using oxygen or ozone as gas flow. A TiO2 nanotubes electrode was used as photocatalyst in photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic measurements with and without coupling with ozonation under pH 3.0 and pH 8.0 leading to 50% of color removal after 60 min reaction. However, the results indicated 90% of color removal upon the bubbling of ozone after 15 min of treatment. A synergistic effect was observed in all experiments using the AOPs in the presence of ozone under both pH values. Interestingly though, 85% of decolorization was obtained through direct ozonation without any change in the effluent following 10 min of treatment. The results were discussed in terms of electric energy per order and were compared to those reported previously. For real textile wastewater, ozonation appears to be a promising candidate for full-scale effluent decolorization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Carvalho Cardoso
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Av. Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Garcia Bessegato
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Av. Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Av. Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
da Costa PRF, da Silva DR, Martínez-Huitle CA, Garcia-Segura S. Fuel station effluent treatment by electrochemical technology. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
43
|
Electrochemical degradation of acid orange II dye using mixed metal oxide anode: Role of supporting electrolytes. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
44
|
Zhang C, Du X, Zhang Z, Fu D. The peculiar roles of chloride electrolytes in BDD anode cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10828h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UV-vis spectra changes of phenol in NaCl media (of different initial concentrations) during the electrocatalytic oxidation on a BDD anode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Xiaoming Du
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Zhefeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Degang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096
- China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hussain S, Gul S, Steter JR, Miwa DW, Motheo AJ. Route of electrochemical oxidation of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole on a mixed oxide anode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:15004-15015. [PMID: 26002364 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of pharmaceutical compounds and their bioactive transformation products in aquatic environments is becoming an issue of increasing concern. In this study, the electrochemical oxidation of the widely used antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was investigated using a commercial mixed oxide anode (Ti/Ru0.3Ti0.7O2) and a single compartment filter press-type flow reactor. The kinetics of SMX degradation was determined as a function of electrolyte composition, applied current density, and initial pH. Almost complete (98 %) degradation of SMX could be achieved within 30 min of electrolysis in 0.1 mol L(-1) NaCl solution at pH 3 with applied current densities ≥20 mA cm(-2). Nine major intermediates of the reaction were identified by LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS (e.g., C6H9NO2S (m/z = 179), C6H4NOCl (m/z = 141), and C6H6O2 (m/z = 110)). The degradation followed various routes involving cleavage of the oxazole and benzene rings by hydroxyl and/or chlorine radicals, processes that could occur before or after rupture of the N-S bond, followed by oxidation of the remaining moieties. Analysis of the total organic carbon content revealed that the antibiotic was partially mineralized under the conditions employed and some inorganic ions, including NO3 (-) and SO4 (2-), could be identified. The results presented herein demonstrate the efficacy of the electrochemical process using a Ti/Ru0.3Ti0.7O2 anode for the remediation of wastewater containing the antibiotic SMX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Hussain
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Saima Gul
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Juliana R Steter
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Douglas W Miwa
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Dasgupta J, Sikder J, Chakraborty S, Curcio S, Drioli E. Remediation of textile effluents by membrane based treatment techniques: a state of the art review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 147:55-72. [PMID: 25261752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The textile industries hold an important position in the global industrial arena because of their undeniable contributions to basic human needs satisfaction and to the world economy. These industries are however major consumers of water, dyes and other toxic chemicals. The effluents generated from each processing step comprise substantial quantities of unutilized resources. The effluents if discharged without prior treatment become potential sources of pollution due to their several deleterious effects on the environment. The treatment of heterogeneous textile effluents therefore demands the application of environmentally benign technology with appreciable quality water reclamation potential. These features can be observed in various innovative membrane based techniques. The present review paper thus elucidates the contributions of membrane technology towards textile effluent treatment and unexhausted raw materials recovery. The reuse possibilities of water recovered through membrane based techniques, such as ultrafiltration and nanofiltration in primary dye houses or auxiliary rinse vats have also been explored. Advantages and bottlenecks, such as membrane fouling associated with each of these techniques have also been highlighted. Additionally, several pragmatic models simulating transport mechanism across membranes have been documented. Finally, various accounts dealing with techno-economic evaluation of these membrane based textile wastewater treatment processes have been provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhilly Dasgupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Jaya Sikder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sudip Chakraborty
- Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo - 42a, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Stefano Curcio
- Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (DIMES), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo - 42a, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Enrico Drioli
- WCU Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Rodríguez FA, Rivero EP, Lartundo-Rojas L, González I. Preparation and characterization of Sb2O5-doped Ti/RuO2-ZrO2 for dye decolorization by means of active chlorine. J Solid State Electrochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-014-2554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
49
|
Zhang C, Liu L, Li W, Wu J, Rong F, Fu D. Electrochemical degradation of Acid Orange II dye with boron-doped diamond electrode: Role of operating parameters in the absence and in the presence of NaCl. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
50
|
Cho K, Qu Y, Kwon D, Zhang H, Cid CA, Aryanfar A, Hoffmann MR. Effects of anodic potential and chloride ion on overall reactivity in electrochemical reactors designed for solar-powered wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:2377-84. [PMID: 24417418 DOI: 10.1021/es404137u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated electrochemical treatment of real domestic wastewater coupled with simultaneous production of molecular H2 as useful byproduct. The electrolysis cells employ multilayer semiconductor anodes with electroactive bismuth-doped TiO2 functionalities and stainless steel cathodes. DC-powered laboratory-scale electrolysis experiments were performed under static anodic potentials (+2.2 or +3.0 V NHE) using domestic wastewater samples, with added chloride ion in variable concentrations. Greater than 95% reductions in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium ion were achieved within 6 h. In addition, we experimentally determined a decreasing overall reactivity of reactive chlorine species toward COD with an increasing chloride ion concentration under chlorine radicals (Cl·, Cl2(-)·) generation at +3.0 V NHE. The current efficiency for COD removal was 12% with the lowest specific energy consumption of 96 kWh kgCOD(-1) at the cell voltage of near 4 V in 50 mM chloride. The current efficiency and energy efficiency for H2 generation were calculated to range from 34 to 84% and 14 to 26%, respectively. The hydrogen comprised 35 to 60% by volume of evolved gases. The efficacy of our electrolysis cell was further demonstrated by a 20 L prototype reactor totally powered by a photovoltaic (PV) panel, which was shown to eliminate COD and total coliform bacteria in less than 4 h of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangwoo Cho
- Linde+Robinson Laboratories, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|